PAGE FOURTHE DAtLY REFLECTOR, GREENVILLE, N. C

Wednesday, December 14, 1960

Wednesday, December 14, 1960

Faces Baffling Set Of Circumstances

If the economic outlook of the lihtion does not change appreciably between now and January 20, it will be a rather unusual and baffling set of circumstances President Kennedy faces as he moves into his domestic program.

Unemployment figures rei'orted by the Labor Department for the month of November showed more than four million Americans out cf work . . . the highest number for November since the depression days of the *30s. The figures aLo showed more than 67.1 million Americans gainfully employed during November, the highest numi'er for that month in history.

Statistics further showed that during the month of November job declines which had been confined primarily to steel, automotive and a few other basic industries broadened to virtually all industries.

By themselves, the unemployment figures for the month of November would suggest that the nations economy is slipping and that the U. S. might be moving toward another period of recession.

On the othtr side, however, the record number of gainfully employed during the month suggests an upturn in the economic activity of the nation. In many .segments of ihe nations industry there have been

..nauguration is ?roblem-Poser

By LYNN NISBET

INAUGURATION - The official committee in charge of the Inauguration of Governor Terry Sanford and other State officers is finding numerous special problems, because of the unusual circumstances of the new Governor taking office before the Legislature convenes The official committee is meeting every day or two with special nubcommittees to work out details of the parade, the ball and some other social functions incident to the occasion. The formal part of the program is being handled by Col. C B. Shimei. assigned by Adjutant General Waynick from the National Guard for that detail. He is an old hand at the business, and thr formal official phases are giving little trouble

There are problems incident to providing space for newspapers radio and teevee equipment, involving accreditation and identification of reporters and photographers. There are questions of protocol about visiting dignitaries at quasi-official functions Since the pre-inaugural ball is not handled by the State, but by private organizations for profit, who should invite the visiting diffnitaries to that affair? If the State committee invites them, should the State be expected to buy tickets for them?

Moat of these problems are not new. but they are aggravated a bit this time because of the nonexistence of a General Assembly during an inauguration Heretofore newsmen ' assigned to the Legislature were automatically accredited for the inauguration. There was no question of protocol rating for legislative officials, The new Speaker of the House had been installed. When Governor Sanford is inaugurated the 19.59 General Assembly is till in existence, and the Speaker of the House is Addison Hewlettnot Joe Hunt, who is certain to be elected Speaker later.

LUNCHEONOne of the most delicate problem. confronting the committee is sponsorship for the quasi-public luncheon for the Inaugural party following the parade from the auditorium. Whether or not the General Assem^ bly is in session has no bearing on this affair, although it does raise complications with respect to the later reception.

As originally published the tentative program for the day provided for Ex-Governor Outher Hodges to be host at the luncheon at the mansion. (The term ex-Governor is used advisedly and correctly; because when ..Terry Sanford takes the oath of office as Governor of North Carolina, he will immediately./ succeed to all the duties and prerogatives of that officeincluding that of being host at the

executive maasion.

Custom has been through the years for the retiring chief executive to ride in the parade with the Governor to the oapi* tol whef he formally transfers custody of the Great Seal of the State of North Carolina and then fades out of the picture. From then on the new Governor is boss of the office and host at the mansion. Custom further has been that the retiring executive did not attend the post-inausural luncheon or reception. If he did. it was upon invitation of the Governor.

PRECEDENT - So many precedents have been smashed in recent w'eeks and more are scheduled for the near future that perhaps one or two more would not matter But such masters of protocol as Genera] Ca-pus Waynick and Secretary of State Thad Eure, admit concern about the plaivs for the ex-Governor to host the luncheon in a house belonging to all the people and of which he is no longer a legal resident. Chance.s are better than even that some changes will be made in that part of the program,

LONG SESSION - A popular sport among potential legislators and politically-minded citizens is speculating upon the length of the upcoming General Assembly. Preponderant majority opinion is that it W11 be a long session. with 'money and government reorganization including apportionment and districting for representation in the Congress and the State Senate, occupying major interest,

John R. Jordan, Jr., senator from Wake county, discussed some of the issues before the Raleigh Klwanis Club the other day. He indicated opinion of a prolonged session by a sort of casual observation that he thinks the Sanford program for an extra $106 million for public schools and submission of a bond issue for State aid for public school buildings will be approved about the first week in June

Other legislators - elect have been quoted as saying they will stay in session until July Fourth or longer before they will accept certain proposals for reapportlonment of legislative representation.

Present indications are that whUe the New Day jwogram of Governor Sanford and its implication of additional tax re quirements will occupy a lot of attention, the big issue in the 1961 Legislature will be redis-tricting and legislative appor- tionment. Some of the new Governors staunchest supporters fear that his unwilling but unavoidable involvement in this controversy may jeopardize the chances for his own program

The Daily Reflector

INCORPORATED

Published Every Afternoon Except Sunday E8tabli.<<hed 1882 DAVID .JULIAN VVHTCHARD. Publisher

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SUBSCRIPTION RATES By Carrier Hn Towns^ Week 30c

By Carrier fMotor Routes) Week 35c

BY MAIL PavRkle In Adwaiwie

Greenville Pori Office Pitt County Robersonvllle. Vanceboro Washlncfon and Cbocowinlty

'Thref' Months........................ 13 7

Rlx Man^h.s ..................... 7(W

One Vear .............. 18 00

North Ce colna <other than listed above)

'Three Months .. | 4 00

Six Months .................. 7 80

One Year ............14 00

All Other OntSde North Carolina

Three M''nths t 4.2

Rlx M.onths ..... ii 8 00

One Year .. .............. 15 00

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marked improvements in recent months. Most of the experts are predicting a continued improvement in business and economic conditions in the country during the coming year, and they are able to cite plenty of facts to support their predictions. The outlook, most of them say, is excellent and momentum already is building up that should carry the nations economy to new record peaks.

Confronted with growing unemploymentif the November trend carries over into 1961and likewise with record high employment and rosy economic predictions, the new administration may be faced with the problem of deciding whether to unleash new economy-boosting measures, or to hold back in an effort to forestall another cycle of inflation.

There can be no doubt that pressure for government pump-priming will come from some sources if the unemployment figures do not reverse their November trend. Neither can there be any doubt that there will be considerable sentiment throughout the country for a conservative approach by the federal government to any action which might over stimulate the economy.

For the moment, at least, the now administration might best focus its attention on the problems of individual industries which find themselves in a depressed condition, and reserve any overall effort for boosting the economy to long-range plans that can be absorbed gradually without adversely affecting the nations economic situation.

How Much Weight Will Be Given To Lie Test?

We must admit that we are intrigued by the announcement that Boyd E. Payton, Carolinas director of the Textile Workers Union of America, will take a lie detector test that may be taken into consideration by the Board of Paroles in considering his case.

Payton and seven others are now serving sentences imposeii after they were found guilty of conspiring to dynamite certain facilities of the Harriet-Henderson Cotton Mill during the bitter Henderson strike. Subsequently Gov. Hodges has twice declined to intervene in Paytons case.

In vjew of the fact that lie detector tests were not considered admi.ssable evidence when the cases w-^re being tried, it is difficult to understand how the Parfdes Board might use the re.^ults of such a test now considering whether or not Payton should be released from prison before serving the required portion of his term. If the result.s of sucli tests cannot be used to determine the guilt or innocence of a person in a court trial, can it be viewed as conclusive proof of his guilt or innocence in deliberations of the Paroles Board?

It will be intere.sting to see how much weight the Paroles Board of the state will ]>lace upon the results of the te.<t which Payton will take. It would likewise be interesting to speculate ujjon the precedent that might be .et if the results of the test does become a* deciding factor either way in consideration of the case by the board.

No Controversy Over Selections

Howre You Doing, Jack?

By PATRICIA MOORE

'i^aisina Of False Hooes

By JAMES MARLOW

WASHINGTON <AP) - President-elect John F. Kennedy has gone about picking a Cabinet like a man determined to avoid a brawl before he has a chance to start his presidency.

None of his four Cabinet appointees so far is a controversial figure.

None therefore is likely to get much opposition or criticism from liberals or conservatives in the new Congress next yearat least in the bcginlng.

Kennedy filled the spot which. could have caused the biggest rumpus with an adroit but nonspectacular figure: Dean Rusk, head of the Rockefeller Foundation. as secretary of State.

Rusk in the past held several government jobs the highest as assistant secretary of State for Far Eastern affairs under President Trumanbut handled himself unobtrusively. To the public he was generally unknown.

He had to be adroit to be on that Far Eastern desk in 1950 and come through unscarred when Sen. Joseph McCarthy was belaboring the State Department for its handling of Far Eastern affairs, particularly in China.

Rusk Is esteemed for brains by people who know him. Since hes a quiet operator, he and Kennedy will have the advantage of starling out in foreign affairs with at least a period of peace and quiet.

Hell get his .share of brickbats later, which is par for the course fo secretarle.s of State.

The stoi*y would have t>een different if Kennedy had given the No. 1 foreign policy job to Ad-laie E Stevenson, who Is a hero to some.

The slot Kennedy picked for Stevenson ambassador to the United Nations can hardly cause a fire in Congress or elsewhere. In the United Nations Steveason ,will not be making American foreign policy. Hell just be expressing.

Kennedy reportedly had considered several men for the job he finally gave Rusk: Stevenson. Chester Bowles and Sen William Pulbright. Arkansas Democrat. among others.

Apparently he did his greatest .soul searohing in the ca.sp of Bowles. Monday, he gave Bowles the Stale Departments No.

2 job as undersecietary, which puts him at Rusk's right hand.

Bowies, a liberal, a Connecticut congrtMman and ftirmer governor, had a ne record as mba.vsador to India under Truman and as administrator of the Office of Price Administration during the war.

He was Kennedys foreign policy advisor during the presidential campaign. But his part in .shaping tiie liberal D*iHocialic platfoiin fat iiuuj cudiared him

to some of the conservative members of his party.

There might have been some sharpshooting at him right from the start if Kennedy had named liim secretary instead of the non-controversial Rusk. As undersecretary Bowles will be in a position to move up if Rusk ever leaves.

None of Kennedys other three Cabinet appointees has been in any broad public dispute and has no backlog of ill will to carry into his new job with him. These three are Connecticut Gov. Abraham A. Ribicoff as Secretary of Health. Education and Welfare: Stewart L. Udall, Democratic congressman from Arizona as secretary of the Interior: and North Carolina Gov. Luther H. Hodges as secretary of Commerce.

All three of them, like Bowles, were active Kennedy supporters during the campaign. Still Kennedy cant be accused of picking his key men to pay off political debts.

Kennedy said Monday he had never met Rusk until last week. And David Elliott Bell, a Harvard economist whom Kennedy named budget director, didnt take an active part in the campaign and hardly knew the president-elect.

Opinions '.n Brief

Why Is it that most people want to be in the front of the bus, the rear of the church and the middle of the road? Greenville (S.C.i Piedmont.

Theres a big difference between notoriety and populariety, but a lot of folk.s never realize it."Anderson Independent.

The wisdom we most admire is of those ijersons who come to us for advice."Anderson (SC.) Independent.

IE I^OSTAl ZONE NT

Avoid the Last Minute RushBe Sure Your Christmas Cards and Gifts Arrive on Time.

In a way, its a shame the snow had to come.

Now the little children, and grown-ups, too, will begin to dream of a white Christmas we cant ever recall one in this part of the country.

The snow could be bad for this reason, causing people to wish for things that might not be. Then, if it should snow, there woujd be many a cancell

ed plane flight, many a relative who wouldnt make the homeside fire in time.

We think things are better off as they are. A little sample now and plenty of snow at Eastertime.

Discussion of the widow of the unknowm soldier has prompted several remarks.

One of the better ones comes

from a young lawyer, who incidentally, has already Solved the case. He asks:

Can a man in North Carolina legally marry his widows sister?

And, again incidentally, the lawyer (Fred Mattox) is baffling some of his contemporaries!

Other Editors Saying Kennedy & Interregnum

(Greensboro Daily News)

Any period during w'hich the functions of government are suspended is called an interregnum (between dominion).

That is the kind of f^riod the United States encounters now as President Eisenhower plan.s more quail shoots and golfing expeditions in sunnier climes next year and President-elect Kennedy toils over his cabinet selections in Palm'Beach and Washington.

An interregnum can be perilous in a monarchy or a dictatorship. It encourages intrigue and ambitious scheming. Even in a republic there are obvioqs dangers.

As the Eisenhower Administration departs, it leaves a combination of problems unexcelled for toughness since the departure of the Herbert Hop ver in 1933,

At home thef is a growing recession. Abroad the U.S. dollar is in deep trouble, brought on by a massive change in economic conditions all around the world.

President-elect Kennedy tried to pin-point some of these dangerous deficiencies during the late campaign. But the scope of the flight of gold from America and the unfavorable balance of trade could hardly be perceived until Mr. Eisenhower, waiting until after November 8 to act, announced that the families of . S-servicemen would no longer be allow'ed to go overseas Simultaneously Secretary of the Treasury Robert Anderson and Undersecretary of State Douglas Dillon departed on their unsuccessful mission to Bonn. There they hop>ed to persuade the Adenauer government to assume more fiscal responsibility for the military and economic alliance.

The mission failed. It failed in part because President Eisenhower had failed to pave the way for appropriate action earlier. But it aU^o failed because Chancellor Adenauer obviously had little interest in doing business with a lameduck administra

tion. He and the other leaders of the alliance await the complete transfer of power to see exactly what young President Kennedy has in mind.

It may be assumed that Mr. Kennedy has something in mind. As long ago as last January. Walter Lippmann reminds us, Mr. Kennedy wrote emphatically about the trade dilemma:

The expansion in world trade has proceeded at a pace which is outstripping the free world's production oi gold, and the dollar has been forced to bear a disfwoportionate burden as a reserve currency. It is time that we consider in common a method for economizing international reserves which would exploit the new strength of the pound and the continental currency

So there will be action after January 20.

But the new Kennedy administration must spend at least six months simply trying to pull the nation and the free world out of a bad fiscal hole. At a time when the United States needs to assert its leadership in the newly emerging areas of Africa, South America and Asia, dollar shortage and the new relationship of the Western Alliance create barriers.

Preserving the Integrity of the dollar is the pressing business of the moment. President Eisenhowers ban on new servicemen families abroad is like a drop of water in the ocean. Henry Ford could produce more dollar conservation b/ cancelling one business deal in Great Britain than will be accomplished by bringing all the service families home. Yet that action may wreck the morale of the armed services,

Mr. Kennedys problem is to head off further unfavorable trade balances, get the allies, especially West Germany, to shoulder more of the fiscal burden and head off a full-scale recession at home.

These are no easS^ tasks. They

About books. It has been some time since we engaged in the reading of fiction, since we just tired of it and ventured into the Informational book realm

But we finally found Ovid Pierce's "The Plantation available in the local library. We started to read it. Just for a few minutes before retiring for the evening. We continued to the 100-page mark, and would have gone further, but the sandman was calling.

Everything the critics said seems true. It is beautifully wrifc-ten. And evidently others agree: the librarys books are all very well used by this timeMr. Pierces, books, we are speaking ol. o*

Quote...

We do not think that extreme moves in any direction have ever been in Mr. Kennedys mind (or we would not have supported him); but the electoral results emphasize the necessity of restraint, without any suggestion of crippling the new President in his formulation of policy.New York Times.

+ + +

require brilliant diplomacy abroad. They require decisive leadership to home. The new administration can hardly hope to reverse this situation in a fortnight or even a six-months period.

Perhaps the seriousness of this situation explains why Mr. Kennedy is taking so much time on his cabinet appointments. He wants men, as W. H. Lawrence explains, who are "on the same wave length with him so that "instant, understandable communication will exist at all times. This, indeed, would increase the probabilities that a cabinet member would be able to anticipite Mr. Kennedys "wishes and needs and move ahead to prevent or solve problems before they demand attention from an already burdened President.

Great

Human

Goals

By GEORGE E. S0K0L8KT

Copyright, 1960, King Features Syndicate, Inc.

Norman Cousins, editor of the "Saturday Review, says:

"In the course of history, four great struggles have dorninated human imagination and purpose.

"The first has been for safety against the elements and for subsistence.

"The second has been for freedom and growth.

"The third has been for development and distinction.

"The fourth has been for safety against war."

The record shows altogether a different course in mans development. Naturally in his most primitive stage, man sought for food and found it. The earliest paintlnsrs and ideographs show that. But immediately thereafter. man sought an explanation for hiirutelf and for those about him. In a word, he sought a cause, a first cause for his existence. He came upon the idea of God. Sometimes he designated many natural phenomena as God; sometimes he reached the conslusion that there was one power, outside and beyond him, that established institutions such as the family and marriage. that gave life and death, and to whom one prayed either for favors or for the perfection of life.

Whatever we have of primitive art or literature establishes that after food and shelter even the moat primitive man related himself to God.

His next development was an effort to discover right from wrong and if possible to Institu-ttonaJize right by making it tradition, custom or law. We have a very long record of mans effort In this direction.

Tradition, custom and finally law are older in history than any other habits or institutions. It has been the revolt against custom and law which has changed civilizations, but these are not always for greater freedom: sometime.': they have been for a more orderly way of life. The Christian revolution within ihe Roman Empire was not for freedom, which at that moment meant licentious;iess; it was for order, which at that moment meant morality.

In fact, such movements as the various types of Socialism, Communism. Nazi|n, Fascism all the effort. of man tht sprouted from HS;el, were not directed to freedom but to order. Marx, for Instance, has nothing to do with individual liberty but with social order. It is necessary to get these movements in straigM focus to understand why among nationalistic peoples, seeking thetr place in the sun, Soviet Russia is not as abhorrent as it should be.

There is no sub^ntlal basis for Cousins fourth effort, Man has made a meager search for safety against war and that so recently that it hardly has more than a footnote in history. In fact, up to 1960, It can be said that mans greatest effort has been for victory in war. The Congress of Vienna (1815, which sought to establish & permanent peace, was limited to Europe which Is a small part of the Earths surfa<^. The League of Nations included the non-colonial nations of Asia and Latin America but it was an abortive effort, lasting not more than two decades -and hardly influencing its own time. The United Nations, its successor, is now struggling for existence and is kept alive by the United States. Soviet Russia seeks to kill It off.

Efforts to summarize human history into simple aphorisms rarely lead to the truth, for man is a very complex character and history is by no means a simple tale to recite. We are at this moment, for instance, living at a time which can hardly be stated with great understanding. Journalistically it can be reported that these enormous, thunderous events are occuring:

1. A revolt against Western civilization is taking place throughout the world;

2. This revolution rejects Christianity, Capitalism, and Democracy, the principal characteristics of Western civilization;

3. It brings to the fore Afro-Asian peoples, hungry not only for food but for status and power;

(Continued on Page 7)

Gloomy Expert Debunks Beliefs

By ELMER ROE.SSNER

V Lewis Bassle, the gloomy director of the Bureau of Economic and Business Research of the University of Illincs, debunks some popular ousiness beliefs In the latest issue of Illinois Business Review.

The assumptions and Dr. Bassies balloon pricking, considerably condensed, are;

1. That profit margins are being squeezed so that corporate profits are subnormal.

Comment: Although corpo

rate profits have fallen back from peaks reached in the iwond quarter of 1959 and the first quarter of I960, they are still about as high as in any oteer period. The.*:e extreme higlis were based on excessive inventory accumulation and could not b c o n * i d e r e d nwmal."

WHAT ARE STOCKS WORTH?

2. Thai prices of common stuck.s are low.

Comment: The decline in the stock market from last year highs ii about in line with the decline in profits. . . , The average over evaluation presetit last yeaj- has only partly been cor

rected.

3. That speculation in gold Is based on fears of the inflationary trends likely to be spurred by new government spending programs.

Comment: "The prices of gold shares made new highs while other stocks were falling to recent lows If there were elements of irrationality in this, they were overshadowed by those in the free market for gold Itself, The price of gold was bid up to $40 an ounce, or to roughly the highest price anyone has suggested as a probable stopping place for devalua-tjon. . .The continuing cause behind this speculation is our adverse balance of payments. What made the speculative fever acute was frowing awareness of the recession. , . .In other words, fear of deflation rather than of Inflation was behind the .speculation In gold. FVSV MONEY COIINTEII

4. That the Federal Reserve quickly shifted to an easy-money policy.

Comment: . .Actually, the

Feci ha, been trying to .straddle the issue. It is not ready to give

up the hope that it wlirsoon be fighting inflation again. . . .Furthermore, It is concerned to keep shortetTii rates as high as possible to avoid aggravating the outflow of gold. A severe loss of gold would bring Congress Into the picture, with results that could hardly be foretold.

5, That higher government spending and easy money will soon push business to new highs.

Comment: "As a first order of business in 1961, the new Administration will undoubtedly direct all possible efforts toward reversing the current downturn. , . .Even if the recession is mild, the deficit will probably expand sharply in fiscal 1961, as it did in fiscal 1959 following the recession of 1958, . .

"When undertaken, an increase in Federal expenditures has no more effect on the economy than equivalent private expenditures (more likely less) and tax reductions are generally less effective than equivalent increases In expenditures. . . . Unless such measures are large enough to oft'^et continuing declines In private spending, the

pace of activity Mjill continue t fall. . . .There is no way of predicting that it will assure an upswing In 1961 (jt even In 1962."

Dr. Bassie, It may be noted, writes from a definite point of view. He has been consistently bearish in his outlook for many years.

NEW PUBLICATION REPORTS SOCIAL SECURITY RULINGS A new government quarterly, "Social SecurRy Rulings," carries texts of major official rulings and decisions. The first issue is dated July, i960. The quarterly is $1 a year, from the' Superintendent of Documents, Washington 25, D. C.

GAS LIGHTS COME BACK IN NEW JERSEY TOWN Oas lights have come back te the tree-lined streets of Cape May, N. J. Thirty lamps have been Installed in a four - block downtown area. The lights harmonize with the Victorian architecture and, being on nine-foot poles, provide better illumination than did electric Lights on high standards In the teeee.t......../