PACE FOUPf. E DAILY REFLECTOIL GREENVILLE, N. C.

Monday, December 12, 1960

Monday, December 12, 1960

Oh, Doctor!

Both Sides Have The Sam Purpose

If nothing else was gained from the hearing on proposals to severely restrict trawling in broad areas of North Carolinas coastal waters, at least two conclusions can be drawn from the session:

The state needs to put forth more effort to determine the effect trawling has on the productive capacity of our coastal waters; and

Both commercial and sports fishermen who use the coastal waters of the state are primarily interested in seeing that the waters continue to be productive both for the sportsmen and for those whose living depends upon what their nets yield.

The Commercial Fisheries Committee of the Board of Conseiwalion and Development, which called the hearing, has before it a task that in our opinion should have received considerably more attention over the years. As of now there apparently is little scientific evidence to support the fact that extensive trawling in the sounds and coastal waters of the state is reducing both the commercial and sports fishing potential

Many Mistakes

"nName-SDellina

By LYNN NISBET

NAMESAlthough a person's Bame is the most important possession he can have, and the one thing over which he should have complete COTtrol and protection. the fact is more mistakes are made in personal names than in any other phase of publicity.

After six years as Governor of North Carolina, Luther Hartwell Hodges has to tussle almost daily with folks w'ho insist on writing it Luther B. Hodges, If per-onal reference may be pardoned. your reporters name is Lynn Nisbet, and the correct pronunciation is with a hard s as if it were spelled Niss-bct. Yet more than 99 percent of the people who use it pronounce it like it was spelled Nesljit. and almost as many who write it ifftist on spelling Nesbit * even Nesbitt.

There is tradition and custom. If not statutory . requirement, that elected officials must use the same name which appeared on the ballot as the officii signature after assuming office In 1936, for example, noi many voters know Alexander Hawkins (or A.H.) Graham, but nearly ev-en'body knew about Sandy" Graham. Sandy suggested that the familiar nickname be used on the ballots in the primary contest for Governor that year. He was advised that if that name appeared on the ballot he would have to use it as his official iignature'in event he was elected. He did not want that, and there is still doubt about how many votes be lost because the voters did not know they could vote for Sandy" Graham.

If memory serves aright. Governor McCord of Tennessee was nominated and elected under his nickname of Jim McCord" and throughout his tenure had to use that as his official signature. Ttiese observations are suggested by the fact that D HI* den Ramsey of Asheville was elected as a presidential elector-nt-large under the name of *D. Hidden" Ramsey.

UNALTERABLE It doesnt jnater that it was a simple typographic error made by some ateoographer in certifying the list of iwesidentia] electons to the Secretary of State. The election had to be certified as the name appeared on the official filing. In event the Republicans might be disposed to challenge his flectoral vote .on basis of misspelling of the name, they wuld he coiifronted with the fact that Governor Hodges caught the er-rir and in his fwmal proclamation listed D. Hiden Ramsey, Instead of D. Hidden, as an elector-at-large. And in ultimate effect the executive proclama-OB is controlling.

SCHOOLSThe annual sur\ey of public school conditions in North Carolina made by the State Board of Ekiucation adds emphasis to the fact that the

public schools are not operated entirely by the State. TI operation is a joint proposition with Stat^ and local units sharing almost equally. Por instance, the report shows that 2.358 teachers receive local supplements to their basic state salaries.

More than a million pupils are enrolled in the public schools- On the first day of the 1960-61 term 1,058.138 children reported for classes There are 40.150 teachers. principals and .supervisors One gratifying feature is that more male teachers are on the job than ever before. Approximately 22 percent of the teachers this year are men.

There is a shortage of decent classrooms, despite the 1614 additional rooms made available last year, and 1510 expected to be ready for the 1961 term. Until a few years ago school house building was entirely the re-snonsibility of the counties Within the past ten years the state ha.s invested $100 million in state aid for buildinss, and it is proposed to submit a bond issue for more such money this year.

EDUCATEDA group of motel operators got together the other day to discuss plans for a management seminar to be held next spring. Emphasis was put upon the need for management education because the people w'ho use the highways and other accommodations now are "educated travelers Not in the sense of being high school or college graduates, or Informed about scientific and technological matter, but they know what they have a right to expect in the way of public and private service. That goes for treatment by traffic officers and courts as well as at eating and lodging places.

Many travelers admittedly are unreasonable in demands for free service and special consideration. Great majority of thm have a good idea of what accommodations should cost and do not mind paying a fair price.

Two letters came to your reporters desk last week. One griped bitterly about being charged $7 for a motel room- Although nicely furnished and clean, with a good mattress on the bed. the hot water faucet did not work, the bulb in the reading lamp was dead and there was only one coat hanger. Another correspondent bragged about the deep-tufted rug, the lambs wool bedspread, and other super-fine equipment It cost like the devil. he said, but 1 was treated like a king for once in my life. It was worth it."

Both these men were educa^ ed travelers The $7 man knew he was overcharged for the kind of service he got. while the $20 man felt he got his moneys w'orth. because both knew from experience what the reasonable charges should be.

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of the area. On the other hand, not even the commercial fishermen deny the fact that literally millions of tiny fish are destroyed each year by trawlers that ply these waters.

A positive program to determine exactly how the productive capacity of these waters is affected by the trawling practices now followed should be undertaken by the state. It would', of course, require several years before even tentative .conclusions could be reached, but at least progress would be made toward better conservation of our marine life for both commercial and sports purposes. While such a research program is being carried out, there could be at the same time a careful evaluation of the practices followed by commercial fishermenparticularly those who operate large vessels that drag huge trawls through the waters

It is not unlikely that in the long-range interest of both the small and large commercial fishermen of the .state, some restrictive measures on trawling would be in order. Even so, the far-reaching proposal for which the hearing was called appear? on the surface to penalize commercial fishermen much more severely than either necessary or wise.

With its vast areas of coastal waters, there is no reason why North Carolina cannot supply an abundant crop of fish for both its commercial fishermen and its sportsmen. Neither is there any reason why both the sportsmen and the commercial fishermen should not work closely together in seeking to iron out the differences and to assure better fishing for both groups in the coastal waters of the state.

From the standpoint of sportsmen and commercial fishermen, fishing is an important part of economy of the eastern section of the state. That the fishing industry of the sectionboth sports and commercial faces the serious problems i not questioned. It should be evident, however, that these common problems can best be resolved by cooperative efforts of the two gnjups than by each fighting against the other.

Doing The Job Right, Rather Than Hastily

President-elect John Kennedys seemingly slow and deliberate action in selecting members of his cabinet must have come as a surprise to many Americans who had pictured him as a man prone to hasty decisions, a man determined to get things done quickly even if it meant sacrificing some qualities of judgment.

With little more than a month remaining before the young man mu.st assume the responsibilities of the Presidency, Kennedys cabinet is still far from complete. iiome selections have been announced, but not nearly half the cabinet postskeys to the administrationhave officially been filled.

It is evident that the president-elect is taking great care in selecting the men who will share the major roles in his administration. There have been many conferences with many people, much speculation about the posts and the men who will fill them. Even so, the appointments have been relatively slow in coming. ^

Certainly it is not a matter of the lack of willingness of individuals to acc^t posts in the cabinet. There are many capable Democratsand a goodly number of Republicansnot only willing, but anxious to get top jobs in the Kennedy administration. The Presidentelect, however, is giving long and careful consideration to his selections. Though pressed by time for naming the members of his cabinet, Kennedy evidently is more intent on making the right choices than in doing the job hastily.

f

National Goals Are Finally Out

ln.

Py GEORGE SOKOLSKY

Christianity Needs

nity

Copyright. 1960, King Features Syndicate, Inc.

The Marxist Revolution which now affects the entire human race is centrally antagonistic lo the Judsic-Christian concept of life. The prophets, apostles, the rabbis and patristic philosophers the philosophy and thought which have gone Into Judaism ajid Christianity over a period o? 40 or 50 centureslead to one central doctrine, namely social justice based on love of God,

that is, * being outside and beyond man, whose purpose is moral and righteous.

In this galaxy of noble souls sUthds the figure of Jesus whom the Christians accept as Messiah. I* was over this question of the Messiah that St. Paul parted with his co-religionists, his followers in the synagogues who were Jews, holding that the Messiah had arrived in the person of Jesus; those who rejected St. Paul's doctrine held that

Other Editors Saying , The Pressure Groups

* >

By RALPH ROBEY

Finally the report of the Presidents Commission on National Goals has been released. We say, finally, because the committ^ was appointed early last spring, and there is some reason for believing that the. analysis was deliberately held back unm after the election. And it is easy to understand why It should have been held back. The report is. to be most generous, simply amazing. It perhaps would be more accurate to characterize R as incredible.

The idea of having a commission attempt to establish the g(Mds of our nation is questionable in any event. It is certain to be either a one-sided affair or go off in all directions with little agreement among the members of the committee. This particular report does the latter, with 21 footnotes of exceptions in 23 pages of text.

In spite of its brevity there are discussions of eleven Goals at Home and four Goals Abroad. In addition there is a section on "A Financial Accounting, and a Concluding Word.

First of the domestic goals is The Individual. This is pretty good. It IS said: "All our institutionspolitical. social, and economicmust further enhance the dignity of the citizen, promote the maximum development of his capabilities, stimulate their responsible exercise, and widen the range and effectiveness of opportunities for individual choice.

But having said that, the re-Pi>il then devotes the rest of its time to outlining air extension of government activity and government siiendiug. We must eliminate religioiw prejudice, handicaps to women, discrimi-nttion based on race, encumbrance to voting, and so forth. We abo must vastly expand our education .system, get better per.sons In government, prevent concentration of power in corporations. union.s. or other or-ganliiiiiis increase our national growth rate, encourage technological change, get agriculture on a self supporting basis, niatiMially Improve living conditions, and extend help on health and welfare In the foreign field we must strive for

an "open and peaceful world, and constantly wwk for a lowering of trade restrictions, continue to defend the free world at any necessary cost, bring about disarmament, and sui;H>ort the United Nations.

Obviously this is quite a program. The majority of us probably will agree that most of it is desirable, but we need some system of priorities and certainly we need an indication of what it will cost, and who is going to provide the funds.

In the collective mind of the commbslon there appears to be no priority among the goals. And the cost is given only casual attention. It is recognized in the section on a financial accounting that it may be necessary to have even heavier taxes. That will d^nd upon the rate of growth of the nation. If higher taxes are required, the report says, it is very unlikely to reduce the level of average individual consumption in this country: the average average citizens standard of living would continue to rise. Though perhaps at rates below tho.<;e of the recent past and It need not "materially impair the incentive or the morale of the American people, nor alter the primary reliance of the economy on private choice.

This is a shocking attitude on the present tax burden of this natior. Little wonder that two members of the commission take exception to it.

Underlying thL? report were 16 e.ssays prepared by various per.;ons The.se are not yet available. but they will be published in book form and made public on December 15. How good these essav* are remalas to be determined, but wt may b sure that they wUl "evoke active discussiort, which is the hope of the commission.

Quote

"Motorists as a group of taxpayers contribute more to the total cost of government in the United Slab's than any other single user, prob'ssjon or occupation Kittannlng Pa.) Leader-Times.

(Rocky Mount Telegram)

During the presidential campaigning the Republicans hammered the public with the statement that if John Kennedy became the next president his cabinet appointments and political policies would be dictated by various pressure groups, particularly organized labor. So far it hasnt happened that way

The Kennedy appointment of North Carolina Gov. Luther Hodges to the post of Secretary of Commerce, for instance, is a point in Kennedys favor that ne will not let himself be dominated by labor pressure. Labor strenuously objected to Hodges due to the case in which Cai'O-linas textile union leader Boyd Payton and seven other members were convicted of conspiracy and are now serving prison terms.

Hodges did not Iwsitate to use state powers when the Henderson strike situation got out of hand. He w^as sharply criticized by organized labor for this. The Governor refused clemency appeals to the eight men, and again labor blasted him

Despite labors objection to Hodges, he got the Kennedy appointment.

Another appointment that saw Kennedy buck the pressure groups was the naming of Connecticut Gov. Abraham Ribicoff as Secretary of Health, Education and Welfare. There was pressure on. the president-elect to give that job to Michigans Governor Menncn Williams, who Instead was appointed head of the State Depaitments Bureau of African Affairs.

The pressure groups interested in health, education and welfare wanted that job K? go to an all-out liberal. In naming Ribicoff, Kennedy gave the post to a man known as a moderate. While his approach is that of a liberal, he has the reputation of a cost-cutter and budget-balancer. The selection must be considered a wise one. Ribicoff has proven

himself to be an able executive. Mosi important is his ability to promote social welfare while at the same time keeping a careful eye on the public dollar.

While these awjointments stand in Kennedys favor, he has not yet passed the complete teat that will indicate to the public how far he will bend under the demands of pressure groups. And he is most definitely under pressure.

George L. Meany, on behalf of labor, expects to name the Secretary of Labor. He bas also demanded the appointment of men friendly to labor on the National Labor Relations Board. Meany also wants the Labor Department to administer Lan-drum-Griffin reform act more sympathetically toward labor.

Kennedy is feeling pressure from the public power lobby, which insists upon a change from the Eisenhower policy of favoring private development of natural resources. They also want a more extensive program in the reclamation and Irrega-tion fields. They are insisting upon retention of the low Interest rate charged for federal financing of the Rural Electrification System, which Eisenhower tried to increase.

Negroes have already put tbir claims before the iwresident-elect, demanding more and stronger Civil Rights legislation.

They demand that Kennedy use every ounce of his authority to further their interests, rather than accepting Eisenhowera somewhat sdoof position in this field.

Some of these demands, of course, will be met, for some of them arc in llw with what Kennedy himself believes in and wants. Some will be refused.

The public is watching carefully and will weigh tii final results and will form an ^opinion as to whether the new president is a man who bends under pressure or goes his own way despite it.

the Messiah Is still to come. But this doctrinal distinction derived neither group of the nobity of Isaiah and Jeremiah, the loveliness of the Psalms,* the grandeur of thought of Micah and Amos. The Jews moved toward the Talmud and Diaspora; ti Christians through the patristic writers and the organized Church of the Council of Nicea (325 A.D.).

Christianity came upon the great Roman Empire as it was collapsing from excessive wealth. moral poverty, licentiousness and the inroads of barbarism. The universality of power having collapsed, the universality of religion took Its place. In due course, the Bishop of Rxwne became more powerful than the Roman Emperor. In Constent-inople, the Empire cOTtinued in its own Oriental characteristics and there too a Christian Church developed but it did not acknowledge the authority of the Bishop of Rome as superior to all other Christian Bishops. It established itself as independent.

Among these schismatic groups, the basic theology is unchanged, the ritual is practically Identical, ecclesiastical law is fundamentally the same. There are a few theological differences such as the Roman Catholic emphasis on Mary and the ecclesiastical distinction of the celibacy of the priesthood.

In the 16th century, the Church in the West, that la the Roman Catholic Church, was further split not only by achlsm but by heresy. Martin Luther remained in all respects a Catholic except that he rejected the authority of Rome; Calvin, on the other hand, rejected the dogma of intercessiwi, thus denying altogether the principal function of the Roman Catholic priesthood. In England, Henry .VIII broke with Rome for political, personal and financial reasons and except for the reversion to Catholicism under Mary and the puritanical revolt of Oliver Cromwell, the Anglican Church prevailed. This is a Catholic Church which accepts tlie decision of the eu*ly ecumenical councils, whose Bishops trace their authority back to Roman Catholic Bishops but who reject the irimacy of the Bishop of Rome. In the United States, the Anglican Church is called the Protestant Episcopal Church.

Apart from this mainstream of Christianity, many other Christian Churches have come into 'existence.

The Marxists batUe Christianity directly. Dialectal materialism. which is the essence of the Marxist - Leninist dogma, rejects God in any form. It denies not only the existence of (Continued on page twelve)

Campus

Views

Change

By THURMAN SENSING

For more years than todays adults can remeipber, campus radicals have been advocates of massive goveniment Intervention in the affairs of Individual citizens. In other words, pohticaUy alert youth, in the main, has been socialist in outlook.

But all thats changingand Just in the nick of time. The brightest minds among the young, er generation of college youth are finding insriration in the principles of conservative government.

John Chamberlain, brilliant writer on economics who in hla own youth was a' fiery radical, recently discussed the young people who are deftnltely right-wing artd definitely drawn to political leaders like Senator Barry Gold-water of Arizona.

Mr. Chamberlain reports that there is a new radicalism abroad in the land. The new radicalism. he said, a radicalism which looks with favor on more freedom and responsibility for individuals and more power over taxes and sprang for local political unitsis already on the attack in the college communi-

CS.

Most of todays academic leadersthe professcrs and researcherssee 1930bthe New Deal through a perple haze. Their dream of the ideal commonwealth is 01 where Franklin Roosevelt is ti perpetual ruler, proposing and disposing for a mute, accepting electorate.

These academicians are still very inflwntial in the United States. They are almost certain to play a major role in the Kennedy administration. But their time is running out. Four, eight or twelve years from now todays youth will have a major say in . S. elections and - S. government, and their conservatism will drive o\|t liberalism *

Mr. ChambeflaB notes, for example, that at Harvard Univei> sity, the home of such Fair Dealing {HTofessor-pi^ticians as Arthur Schlesinger, Jr., and John K. Galbraith, the new president of the student council turns out to be antl-Schlesinger and anti-Galbraith. a conservative crusader of a kind Harvard hasnt seen in a generation.

The Yale Calllopean Society, once a sad little group of con-servaUves surrounded by numerous eggheads of the Pair Deal variety, has a long roster of members. At Jackson. Mississippi, students from several Southern colleges have joined together to publish "The Campus Conservative, a publication that speaks the language of a new day.

Much of the vigor of the new collegiate conservatism comes from an organization known as the Intercollegiate Society of Individualists (ISI). Its publication, "The Individualist, keeps students advised of the developing conservative movement at ' the college level. It helps students avoid indoctrination by the old-line liberals who dominate so many college departments and seek -to bar conservatism from the thinking of a new generation.

Its only natural that college students of today should turn to conservatism and find their most popular reading In The Conscience of a Conser\ative. Senator Goldwaters book which is the rage on the campus. Youth certainly ought to see the appeal of individualism. And all around them, tedays young people see the frightening meaning of collectivism.

youth is beginning to realize that the biggest battle for individual libertypossibly the last chance to preserve itwill be fought in this country and in our time. By studying the writings of a contemporary conser^ valive like Barry Goldwater. college youths Hare putting on the armor of knowledge with which they wfll be protected when they go out into the world to fight and keep this country the kind of republic our forefathers intended It to be.

Quote...

*A good movie Is easy to define. It's one that leaves the theatre the night before you finally get around to going to ace it.Vancouver (B.C.) Province.

^-aith Boom Is Building Today

By LLMER KOESSNER A "faith boom is forming now; It will increase through the remainder of year and in January and February, and then level off.

The boom is being generated by the public's faith that John F. Kennedy will cure our economic ills.

It's beginning.s were shown in a National Industrial Conference Board survey for Newsweek This disclosed that in the 14 days after the election consumer intention.s to spend rose sharply. Plans for bujdng new hornea war# 13 per cent above the November 1959 level and other buying plans, except for neW cars, were larger.

The reason is the public faith in the election promises and the post-election actions of Mi Kennedy When the public believes that unemployment will be cured,,that tax Increases arent Imminent and that there will be more mon.v availabh tor housing. then it Ls willing lo spend ca.sh and ii.se credit to buy more goods. Just as consumers have

spent their way out of previous recession.s they can reverse current trends.

BOOM IS LIMITED However, this faith will weaken w'hen the nation runs into the realities of a reluctant Congress, which will be slow in voting projects that may add to Inflation. Creating employment will be inflationary unless there are nrarkets for goods produced by the added employees-To provide funds for higher government outlays, taxes must ^ increased or the currency expanded further by inflation.

The psychological stimulation now develop^i will w*ear off when the new JtCongrM showa its mettle aflt! declines the ex-hlliration that can be derived from a ride on the economic roller-coaster, or HER LOOK-AHEADS Other predictions;

LOWER INTEREST RATES; Regardless of Federal action Interest rate.*? will .soon undergo their cyclic decline, there being few factors such as a sharp rise in plant expansion to

exert a counter influence.

Industrial booms: The governments decision to curtail for-eign-aid buying in nations with good economic health means that $400,000,000 which might have been spent abroad will be spent in the United States. Thats a windfall for American Industry, e.specially segments making machinery and machine tools.

iMore Cuban truculence: Cuba is entering the winter of Its discontent. This is the time of year that tourists and U. S. sugar payments poured dollars into the islands economy. But few dollars now flow' in. Furthermore, Cuba's dollar holdings, despite the great seizures of American holdings, are rapdily being exhausted.* As shortages breed discontent, the Oa.stro government will step up Its denunciations of the U. S. to divert public attention.

More U. S. sugar production; Despite crop limitations, more land will be devoted to cane and beet farming this year and mort fertilizer will be poured.

on. Growers will gamble that the Castro regime will last at least another year, keeping sugar out of competition.

BE CHARITABLE SHOPPERS THIS CHRISTMAS SEASON Patience Is the shopping word for this season, the Old ^Promoter said after he popped in today. Tell your readers to have patience and love f(xr their fellowmtn, or at least the Christmas substitute. Patience! we echoed, almost mechanically.

You'd think that with employment down, merchants would have a vast choice of competent extra help, the Old One said. But in practice. It doesnt work out that w-ay. It is the people who have been out of work since last summer who have put In the earlleat and strwigeet pitches for Chrtstma* Jobs. So the more the unem-plovment. the less employable are Christmas employees. So, pard, have a heart!

And miles of It, 1 guess.