PAGE FOUP

I

THE DAILY REFLECTOR, GREENVILLE, N. C

rhura<?ay, DecApfiber 1, 160

^ Thursday^ December 1, 1960

It The Sanie Every Year

Highway Program Changes Loom

V

It is clear now during the next four years the Sanford administration will look upon the 15-year highway proposals only as study proposals rather than as a program which must be followed.

It is also safe to assume that other state administrations that follow in the next 15 years will likewise have their own ideas about what highway program North Carolina should follow.

In a speech before the Southern Albemarle Association at Pantego, the governor-elect asserted his administration will not be bound by the recommendations contained in the Highway Commission's 15-year plan. There was also an indication in Sanford's address that the eastern section o the tate may receive more consideration in highway matters during his administration than was indicated in the 15-year' plan announced by the Highway Commission some months ago.

Most of Eastern North Carolina is well aware that the 15-year program did not contain a number of highway projects that this section of the state looks

Too Many Who Could Qualify

By LYNN NISBET

SURPLUS North Carolina eems to be surfeited with too many persons who could appropriately hold top level positions in the next national administration. Out-going Governor Luther Hodges has been often mentioned as secretary of commerce in the new cabinet. Rep. Harold CoUey ol the fourth district, dean o the Tarheel congressional delegation and long time chairman of the House committee on agriculture, is an avowed and receptive candidate for appointment as secretary of agriculture In the Kennedy cabinet. Since it is hai dly likely that North Carolina will get two cabinet posts, the question is which of these two their fellow Tar-heelitashould support.

Cold blooded politics would su.?gest support for Hodgesin order to keep him in position to help the state. II Hodges doesnt get sonae gowl position with th national administration, he can not continue to serve North Car olina. As chairman of the agriculture committee Cooley can still serve the stateand perhaps even better than if he moved up to a cabinet post. Its rough on Cooley and in some respects penalizes him for past service. But its the way practical politicians play the game.

Teree is basis for the belief that one of the purpc^es for the conference between President-Kennedy and Governor - elect Sanford (his week was to press for .the Hodges appointment. It Is ah.open secret that some of Sanfords supporters would be just as happy to have Hodges out of the state for the next four years. And there is no doubt that a great many farmers would rather keep Cooley as head of the agriculture committee where he can exert powerful influence on legislation and not be bother-firi with administrative matters.

OTHERSAnother reason tobacco farmers would like to keep Cooley in congress is they want also to keep Joe Williams as head of the tobacco section In the department, despite the fact he is a Republican. And there is support for Horace Godfrey, state ASC officer, for an Important post in the U.S. Department of Agriculture. If Cooley stepped out chairmanship of the committee would to to W.R. Poage of Texasand with the Vice President and Speaker of the House being also from that state would give it too much prestige. Similar reasoning suggests that if Cooley went to the cabinet the prospect of getting Williams ami Godfrey in the department would be lessened.

With Cooley a.s chairman of the house committee on agriculture, Jordan a member of the companion senate group, and Joe William* directing the

tobacco program. North Carolina farmers feel they have a sita iion that should not be weakenedand if they can get Horace Godfrey in top position with the Federal ASC set up it will be sirengthcned.

SMALL LOANS Some of those who do not want stricter regulation of small loan compa-nied have charged that Ben Roberis, banking commissioner. "jumped the gun* on the commission by releasing the text of his propo.-^ed new law to the press before the commission had passed upon it. Member* of the commission do not leel that way. To the contrary, some of them at least, think it was a goOd Idea. It is pointed out that th s proposed act is not the banking commission bill, hut the individual ideas of the commissioner ' Popular reaction after publicity will enable the commission when it meet* to add or delete provLsions that might strengthen control over small loans It is also noted that no bill can be introduced In the General Assembly without the approval of at least one member - the introducer.

COST - The chief problem, perhaps the only real one, in connection with amall loan legislation is to reduce the cost of money" borrowed in amounts of $3^ or less. Under present conditions it is almost impossible to ascertain Uiis cost. The legal interest on $330 for a year is $18. For three months, $4 50. It is obviously impossible for loan companies to stay in business at that rate. So there has developed a s.vstem of additional charges for investigation, writing mortgages and insurance. The Insurance angle probably constitutes chief basis for whatever justification there may be for the charge of racketeering. Another practice has been duplication of investigation and insurance cost* for loans to one person by two companies owned by the same people.

There have been instances reported where the borrower had to pay back more than twice the amount he borrowedincluding ail these investigation, insurance and service charges.

That is an intolerable situation. On the other side of the fence is the fact that if total "cost of borrowed money is limited to the legal 6 per cent rate, there will be no chance for anybody in real need of money to borrow from any source. That would work . unconscionable

hardship on many good people.

There may be objectionable

features in the bill proposed by

Commissioner Roberts, It at least is something to start from in working out a regulatory measure that will be fair to all parties.

The Daily Reflector

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upon as essential to continue economic growth and progress. It is likewise a widely held opinion in this section of the state that the priority system set up for the highway project showed favoritism to the Piedmont section, thus placing the Eastern projects farther down the list than they should have been.

To round out the highway picture as it now is indicated under the Sanford administration, one must also consider the fact that the Highway Commission is almost certain to be revamped. Sanfordas well as the other three Democratic candidates for governor called for a revision of the Highway Commission set-up during the primary campaign last spring. The purpose-of the reorganization would be to put the commission in closer touch with the people and enlarge the commission more along the line that it was prior to its change under the Hodges administration.

Putting all these things together, it is evident that the highway program that emerges for the state during the next four years may vary considerably from what was recommended for the period by the 15-year plan. There is also the possibility that Eastern Carolinas highway needs may receive more attention during the next four years than was indicated by the long-range plan adopted by the Commission some months ago.

While the state's highway program must be viewed from an overall standpoint, there appears now the likelihood that Sanfqrd may be more intimately acquainted with the highway needs of Eastern Carolina than the present commission has indicated it is. The awareness of the needs may likewise bring a more rapid approach to seeing that the highway needs of the section are met.

Soviet Effort Doomed

Before Really Begun

Another Soviet effort to discredit United Nations Secretary-General Dag Hammarskjold and the U.N. effort in the Congo appears doomed before it gets off the ground.

It was a matter of weeks ago that the Soviet delegation, headed by Ih'emier Khrushchev, launched a vigorous attack on Hammarskjold before the U.N. General Assembly. Members of the organization, however, quickly rose in defen.se of Hammarskjold and his work, soundly defeating the Soviet move to oust Hammarskjold.

Now the Soviets are repeating their demonstration against the Secretary-General, using as their basis the U.N. action in the Congo. Hammarskjolds direction of the Congo operation under U.N. auspices has already received the support cf the majority of U.N. membership. Likewise it is obvious that the Soviet Union would like the U.N. out of the Congo in order that It might convert this emerging African nation into a Soviet puppet state.

Members of the United Nations were aware of this fact the last time Soviet representatives took Hammarskjold to task. They will not be unmindful of it as the Soviets launch their new attack against the Secretary-General. As was the case a few weeks ago, this new Soviet criticism of Hammarskjold will proliably influence many smaller nations of the U.N. to side with the West rather than drawing them closer to the Soviet bloc.

Gremlin Likely Not Too Happy

By WILLIAM L. RYAN Associated Pres News Analyst

For some time now the Communist Chinese have been busily spreading propaganda that they expect soon to have a nuclear weapon. One object seems to have been to apply pressure on the Soviet Communist party ajid government to cough up sufficient help to get Red China into the nuclear weapons club.

This may be one of a number of points of friction between Peiping and Moscow. The chances are that the Kremlin is far from happy about the prospect of Red Chinese membership in that dangerous club.

The Chinese seem to have been pressing the issue hard. Even when doubletaik is published by the Communists about their alleged unbreakable unity on all matters. Peipings leaders seem more than a little annoyed at the Soviet attitude.

In a sense. Red Chinese membership in the nuclear weapons club could put Soviet policy at Peipings mercy. The threat of reckless use of such weapons would be enough to give Khrushchev a few fits. It could Involve the Soviet Union in a war, and a nuclear war at that.

Consensus of qualified students of the Soviet-Chinese debate is that If the Russians have anything to say about it, Peiping

will remain outside the club. And It is likely that lacking significant Soviet help the Chi-ne-se would find it difficult to achieve speedy membership.

Annoyed as they might be, however, the Red Chinese are in no position to push such quarrels to a showdowm as matters now stand. They would have to have strong support from inside the Soviet Communist party itself.

Moscow has given broad hints to the Chinese that It is getting rather tired of Peipings nagging It is rare for the official Soviet Communist newspaper, Pravda, to break into print with an ideological argument of the sort that usually is confined to the Communist familys chambers.

What it may mean is that the Russians are letting Mao Tze-!ung know Moscow may feel itself moved to take some corrective action if the Red Chinese leadership persists in upsetting the Kremlins carefully calculated political and economic campaigns on the world stage.

Mao is likely to be fully aware that he could hardly hope to win out in a show'down with the Kremlin. Even inside the Red Chinese party there likely are many who support the Soviet view of how the world revolu- tion should be carried out.

Strength For Today

B., EARL L. DOL'iiLASS REAL HEROE.S I looked recently at a wall covlred %'lth diplomas. There passed through my mind tlie humble beginnings of the many educational institutions represented in this array,

Some person of little con-sfQuence started a school which grew into a college. Another dtcovered a new truth and the> result was a new science. One person forced his way past f r 0 n t 1 e r * and established churches, and eventually schools ail 1 college* and .set up renler.s of liiht and learning to take the place of savagery and despotism..

Many of the world' great heroes have been military men. W can never thank the soldier enoip^h fo'* socurln our llbcrtic.s and maintaiiuiig them against the designs of power-seeking

monsters. But the greatest heroes have been those who fought not with steel and cannon, hut with idea and consecrated life. The scientist who discovered new truth about dtefce and how to avoid or cure' it. The brave man who spoke a word which needed to be spoken W'hcn the mindyof men were distorted with follv and evil. The brave souls who stood up fQf the teachings of their religion and died rather than renounce what they held to be truth. To be ."lire, many of these people may have been mistaken, or partly so at least. But they stood for what they considered truth, and they lived and died in a deep sense of committment.

Honor to our re.il heroes Th'> wore nut perfect, but they wrtp licruic and honest, although sometimes mistaken.

By DON SCHLIENZ

'ReS-fASNNi

rr^i nm j. Oj.

...le Gi::t That Stays

Every time the bloodmobile comes to town its surprising to find so many misconceptions about the program.

Ana at a time when the fiscal year of the blood program is getting off to a good start in the County, its a crying shame there are still so many who are uninformed about it.

One of the most common misconceptions is that the donors blood "goes to the Red Cros.s . . . which is true as far as it goes ... but that agency serves as the collecting bpdy. Right here in Pitt we use more blood than we give; and to all intents and purposes, the gift of blood is to our own community, our own families and friends and neighbors.

If, over a .prolonged period, we fail to meet the small quotas set for bloodmobile visits then we in all likelihood will lose the advantages of the system. That would be serious, because a great number of Pitt Countians have found the blood bank mighty important during a hospital stay.

Sure, theres a need for greater "deposits of blood in the centers; for national emergencies, for further research But were concerned with our own"^ immediate needs, and so far as blood resources are concerned Pitt County is living on a hand-to-mouth basis.

Today and tomorrow the blood-mobile is supposed to receive 2 0 pints ... 120 each day. The activities connected with the Christmas parade may or may not affect todays collection But there wont be any such excuse for Friday.

The sound of Christmas is many things, but mostly it is music.

There are bells; there is excited chatter; the rustle of paper and, some say, the clatter of reindeer hooves on a roof.

But it's the music which captures attention of most people. We look forward to the traditional carols, the familiar songs of the season and the rare newcomer. that somehow captures the spirit.

Other Editors Saying .. The Ingredient' Is You

(The Tampa Tribune)

Did the outcome on November 8s election suit you perfectly? Did every candidate and every issue for which you cast your ballot win? If not, citizens need not sit on their hands and wistfully hope for better luck next timeor snarl that the nation is headed toward inevitable ruin. Instead, a new joint venture of two Florida universitie.s reminds us, citizens CAN do something about matters political, and the time to start Is NOW.

The advice comes in a new booklet, "How to Be an Active Citizen, just published by the University of Florida Press and written by Paul Douglass and Alice McMahon of Roiiins Center of Practical Politics, Their message is not confined to the oft-voiced truism that the citizens role in his government extends beyond a biennial trip to the voting booth (although even that simple task is still shirked by many adults.

For "How to Be an Active Citizen also tells what to do; (1) Be informed on public issues. <2) Discuss public issues with others, (3> Talk and write about politics. (41 Belong to organizations that take stands on issues. <5) Contribute to a political party or candidate. (6) Work for a pohflcal party or candidate. <7) Then vote.

Equally Important, the book gives step-by-step instructions on how to do these things, as well as pertinent examples of the

effectiveness of individual action in particular cases.

The citizen may,if he chooses, live on the sidelines "withering into an amiable ghost," Mr. DougIas.s and Miss McMahon ob-serye. But to do so invites fulfillment of the warning they quote from Jose Marti: "When good men are indifferent, bad men will triumph." No prescription for curing the nation's political ills can guarantee 100 per cent success. But that which includes the essential ingredient of citizen participation certainly will come closer than those which do not.

"If the politicians are promising the voters less these days, its because theyve already given them almost everything. Pittsburg (Texas) Gazette.

"At best, gbveriiment spending for purposes which can only be undertaken by government will continue to 6 murderously heavy. What rhyme or reason Is there for using government money, I.e., the taxpayers money for any purpose which can be accomplished by self-supporting, taxpaying private enterprise?" Industrial News Review

HOLD-UP (Nashville Banner)

From the Marthas Vineyard (Mass.) Gazette, the following information: "Among the things of yesterday that have almost vanished from the summer scene ai-e suspenders. The dictionary defines sui^pender in the singular, and says that a pair of them are us0d to hold up trousers."

Point 1 in that definition Intrigues us, though acquainted with and fond of the "One-Oal lus boys whose .orthodoxy it accents. At any rate, suspender,.. singular iq spelling, usually is plural in factits purpose to hold up pants which are plural in spelling, but singular In fact. The whole thing is so confusing that we long ago settled for a belt to hold up our pant.

Fabian

For a while there is warmth and sentiment.

My principal objection is that it goes on for so long; the carols, the songs are sung and re-sung until In tlje end they inspire nothing sc muclj as a fervent wish for another season . . , and even, another place.

Dont get me wrong. I love the Christmastide; but it palls after three weeks of steady diet.

Opinions 'F Brie.

NATOs armed force is admittedly small. But its value as a rigid, uuyteldbsg symbol of resistance to Commdfiist aggression is tremendous. Were this not Eo, Soviet Premier Khrushchev would not spend as much time as he does trying to undercut and destroy the organization. Ruston (La.) Leader.

The ultimate In mens cologne shbuld be the scent of money. Piek .up a stack of new bills and take g^>od long snifter. You wift- find a faint but very distiKtlve aroma. Its agreeable, too. Think ofg the sensation It might prove to be if captured by science and placed In a .small bottle, hlnk of the long line of feminine charm following you if you had two drops of this on your lapel. Charleston (S.C,) News and Courier.

The

ummoMi

is coming

CAll YOUR CRO$S

By GEORGE E. SOKOLSKY

Copyright. 19f>0, Kini Featurei Syndicate, Inc.

The term. Fabian Socialism, was used during the recent campaign and a number Of readers have written to ask what it means.

The Fabian Society started as a loose, discussion group in England in 1893 but the name was adopted by the group later It means. In effect, slow Socialtm. Herbert Hoover gave it the beU ter description of creeping Socialism. The name came from the Roman General Quintus Pablua Maximus whose strategy In the war against Carthage was to go slow, to thwart the enemy and thus to wear him down, to Hre ^ him, to defeat him by attrition. It Is Socialism by trickery rather than a frontal atack. It is Socialism by disguise, by masquerade rather than by revo* lution.

Among the leading Fabians were George Bernard Shaw. Sydney and. Beatrice Webb,- H. G. Wells. Havelock Ellis. Sidney Webb once wrote of his group:

. . .The Society exercises a considerable influence, more real than apparent, by the personal participation of its members in nearly all reform movements, as well as by their W4>rk at the Universities and In the fields of journalism and the teaching of Political Economy. It Is not, however, a numerous body, and makes no attempt to increa.se its numbers beyond a convenient limit.

John Maynard Keynes, a leading Fabian, came to the United States during the Roosevelt Administration and establish-,ed himself In this country as a prophet whose word somehow was to be accepted as coming directly from Heaven. Keynesian Economics dominated the thinking of the Roosevelt Administration. found its place in American universities, particularly Harvard, and was subconsciously accepted by many American bankers who did not understand its purport.

I recall that several years ago an editor questioned my use of the term Keynesian Economics which he had never known before. Nevertheless, it is Keynesian Economics based on Fabian socialism which Is today taught in the leading American universities and is making a deep impression on the younger generations. No single person has influenced thinking and action In the field of economics during the past half century as has John Maynard Keynes who convinced mMir4M>olitioians, bankers and businessmen that his ideas formed a* realistic answer to Russian Marxism. Some Americans did

bian Socialism as a step toward the Marxian Revolution. Every Fabian, from Sdney We^b on,^ was and is a Marxist, mod'f^d only as to pace.

John Maynard Keynes, the son of a Cambridge profe.ssor of economics, became a Fabian whe a student at Cambrid^^e Un*" sity, Hs was a rrd * -

posed the private e.iternr r tern, the religious ronn^r .> f Cambridge and par*''''

' lanism. Nevertheless, .ir I the Liberal ParM, a istic of the'*f^3Tt%iw >

this country Is contmul'L'^

A.D.A.: that is to infiltr* I permeate the exLsting I

parties nd to go b^ aff 1 s other than Socialist

It was after World War I. during which he was a con.scfen^*'' s objector, that Keynes wrote s masterworK, *~h' F r 'i Consequences of the P^ae " which became the guide 'or those who believed that Woid War I ushered in a new period for mankind. In a subsequent work, he said:

. . .The battle of Socialism against unlimited private profit is being won in detail hour by hour.

The Fabians differ from the Communists in many respects, but essentially in timing. The Fabians, in effect, believe that Instead of employing revolutionary means, violent means, they can argue and even trick mankind into accepting Socialism. In this country, many Fabians, particularly those at Harvard University and in the A.D.A., take the position that although the Ideas t-iUynefi sound like Socialism, looklike Socialism, act like Socialism, they*are not Socialists in fact. It Is . difficult to follow their reasoning because the essence of his doctrine is that the capitalist processs must be completely regulated and controlled by "'the State. Thus the State rather than the individual (Continued on Page 7)

Nemo Platform Spells Chanaes

By ELMER ROESSNER

One of the most rema'rkable feats pledged the American people in the Democratic platform is a balanced budget, no rise In taxes and a surplus for reducing the national debtall this despite promted expan.sion of housing aid. Federal aid to schools, aid to coininutatioii, and more welfare benefits.

The plaUorm declares;

"We believe, . .that except in periods of recessions or national emergency, these needs can be met with a.' balanced budget, with no increase in present tax rates and with some surplus for the. gradual retirement of our nallonal debi

- It also tells how the Admlnis-trirtlon will work tht wonder:

**We shall end the grass waste in government. .collect the billioit in taxes owed but not iiuw cuUt'ctt'd. . .clasc tlie loopholes by which certain privileg-ed gioupa legally escape their

fair share of taxation. , .by expanding- the economy itself." CRACKDOWN ON EXPENSE ACCOUNTS

Later on, there Is a reference to "false expense accounts which, coupled with the paragraph above, sounds like a new drive against fictitious expense accounts. The Internal Revenue Service is currently warning business and employee,*; that expense payments miat be completely Itemized, either to the cmoloyer or to the government and that unitemsed amounts wnl bp regarded as taxable Income to the employee. Perhaps the Democrat* plan toui-her penalties.

The question remains: Will the Administration and the Democratic majority put the platform Into action, or la the platform simply, a structure to fool the vutuis and to be forgotten after the election?

1 heheva Umta wsU Im

sincere effort to make most of the changes the platform calls for.

LIMITATIONS AND HEDGES

The promise for a balanced budget has a built-in hedge: "except in periods of recessions or national emergency There are always national emergencies.

Furthermore, coalitions of Republicans and conservative Democrats can block much legislation.

But the long-range trend is toward a jpelfare etate, and that trend will carry along most of the platform ideas

In April. 19.53, after talking with key men In the new Administration, I wrote a series of columns stating there would be a swing toward welfare ' benefits In the Eisenhower government I was roundly abused and called various kinds of idiot. But Social Security was broaden-

mL nm e nvum vaa

ed to encourage housing than ever before, the minimum wage was Increased, a vast higliwav program was Initiated and a large number of other benefits were bestowed.

I think there will be another, even broader step, not forward but to the left. I think the Democratic platform should be considered seriously, perhaps with some fpar.

Under these circumstances, what should a businessman do? ^ The first step should be to go to the public library and read the Democratic platform full asking, aftpr each paragraph, "How will this affect my business?"

In answering himself, he will provide himself with countless clues to the most profitable conduct of his business, and even more Indicators of rich opportuuittes in the fields that wdll be expanded by the lac Pourioi aI fovatiUBMA mmbk*