PAGE FOURTHE DALY REFLECTOR. GREENVILLE. N. C.

Wednetdar* NovamVar 16, 1960

Wednesday, November 16, 1960

Khrushchev, Maybe?

Future Substitute For The U-2 Plane

The magnificent feat of^catching a satellites capsule, falling from space, carries with it ail sorts of implications.

To our knowledge nothing*like it has been accomplished by the Communist powers. But then, they would be unlikely to announce a success in this field or attendant failures.

The fact that we do have such capabilities is all-important to the free world. It is most necessary that we possess the specific kind of information provided by high-altitude photographs w'hich is obtainable in no other way

Disparity between this countrys availability of information on defense work, and the great secretiveness of Russia is well known to most Americans.

Soviet fact-finders have merely to read the newspaper and magazines to find the general data concerning U. S. defense preparations, installations and plans for the future, its an old story that anyone wanting to know where and how many bases are being built or scheduled for the launching of intercontinental ballistic missiles ha.s only to telephone the Pentagon and be given the intormation.

In Moscow, even telephone directories are not available for general use.

AH of which illustrates to a considerable degree why this country needed the now-famous U-2 planes for information-gathering purposes; and Russia did not.

The Reflector has been unhappy about promised suspension of flights over Russian territory by the U-2 for the reason that as the time rapidly approaches when the missile-gap reaches its greatest degree, we sorely need very possible scrap of information on what is going on behind the Iron Cuilain. ^

To be sure, U. S. intelligence agencies are using conventional and unconventional means of gathering data on what is taking place within the Red domain; but the U-2 was a tremendous asset during the period it was in use.

, With the successful orbiting of a package designed to fulfill the U-2 mission, and its recovery, this country is moving into position wherein it will be able to regain lost ground in the field of military intelligence.

Air Force announcements concerning Discoverer XVIPs launching and successful orbit (over Russia, incidentally), omitted mention of the purposes of its payload. We may, and may not, learn later the details of this aspect.

We are confident however that it is related to the overalUproblem of surveillance.

Successes marking the Discoverer XVII project are true signpo.sts along the way to future series of satellites which will photograph and even .televise details of potential military significance so closely guarded by the Iron Curtain.

Sanford Girding

Of Lynaon B. Johnson

Jror irouDles

By LYNN M8BET

TIME OUT-There Ls weU grounded suspicion that Grover-nor-elect Terry Sanford and his politic.) advisers changed opinion about desirability of a special session of the Legislature for the inauguration in order to gain more time to plan and build support for their legislative program. Calling for time out is a device frequently lused by football coaches in final minutes of the game when the going is touch. It affords opportunity for huddle conferences and for resting the players.

There are unmistakable sign.s of trouble ahead for the new administration. Sanford wa.s not toe first primary choice of any other State elective official. It is believed that all of them supported him in the second primary system was adopted 35 the legislators. The primary battles, . most heated since the primary system was adopted 3 5 year* ago, left some sores. Perhaps no more than the Hoey-McDmiald races in 1936 and the Scott-Johnson primaries of 1948. But in those years the winners had undisturbed opportunity between June and January to heal the primary wounds. There was never any doubt about general election approval of the Democratic party nominees for State and national offices. The fall campaign was a senes of Democratic love-feasts. This year It was different. and Sanford was forced to fight for his political life in September and October general election wars as strenuously as he had fought in the May and June primaries.

During the fail general election campaign he not only had to bring into the fold those who had opposed him in the primaries, but he had an even harder time reconciling some of his original primary backers to his early endorsement of Kennedy for toe presidential nomination at Loi* Angeles.

NO BONUSPolitical observers credit Sanford with doing a good job in retaining general election support of his primary backers as well as other fac-titms in the Democratic party. In face of the most expensive and intensive campaign waged by the Republicans in the state and national races in many years, the Democrats came through to w'in. But margins were reduced. Sanfords majority for Governor was smallest In 32 years, and thq national ticket had the second smallest margin since 1928.

The 1961 Genera] Assembly will hive 15 Republicans in the House, more than any session since 1929. And a number of the Democrats who were elected Insist that they won in spite of. not because of. the Sanford and Kennedy Influence on voting.

Consequently they do not feel they owe the executive branch anything.

That is particularly true of legislators who come from counties that gave preponderant majorities to Republican Qavin, over Democratic Sanford. Lieutenant Governor Cloyd Philpott lost his county of Davidson to the Republican legislative candidate. Rep Joe Hunt of Guilford, almost certain to be Speaker of the House, will have for the first time In many years a RcpubU* can member ,qf his county delegation, Add to this record-breaking Republican membership the hangover factional animosities among the Democrats in the Legislature, and the only pos-sihle prospect Is political trouble lor the powers that be.

LOBBYISTSIt is no secret that representatives of big business interests who are registered as lobbyists exercise great influence on legislation. In seme quarters these folks are regarded as a very bad influence. Veteran legislators recognize them as sources of accurate and dependable information which is helpful in enactment of fair and sound laws.

These business representatives are not as unhappy about the election results as are some of all-out politicians. For most they are pleased that the Democrats wonbut by such narrow margin as to afford some breaks upon their activities. Among some of them there open gratification that a lew Democratic legislators were replaced by more conservative Republicans.

TASK The task immediately facing Governor Sanford is to obtain friendly cooperation from the independently elected Council of State; to select administrative appointees who will be in full sympathy with his program. and who yet will recognize the rights of toe biggest minority group of voters in many years; to prevent open break between the executive and legislative branches, and revolt of legislators against their presiding officers. Accomplishment of these objectives will require diplomacy of high grade and dipdomatic processes are necessarily slow.

Sanford made education the jwime i.ssue in all his cam-p-ii^ns Already there is evidence of wide breach between the public schools and the institutions of higher education. Roads are closer to the hearts of the people than anything except schools. Dissatisfaction over some pha.ses of highway administration has been accentuated by continuing decline in highway revenue. Adjustment of differences In these areas will be more difficult because of the purely political and sectional animosities arising out of the elections.

The Daily Reflector

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By WILLIAM t,. RYAN

For a week world Communist leaders have been meeting at the summit. All the secrecy surrounding their sessions cannot hide a growing nervousness.

One basic point of cleavage worries them more than any other. It is not the question whether war is Inevitable, nor the question of how Communist-ruled nations should develop internally. These are side issucii.

The big quarrel concerns expansion of the Communist movement, This pits the leadership of Red China, Albania and possibly even toe East Germans, backed by some chieftains from parties outside the Soviet orbit, against Nikita Khrushchev and most of the satellite leadership.

Black limousines have been scurrying back and forth through the Kremlins turreted gates, bearing Communist chieftains to and from summit sessions. One gets the impression there is tough talk going on which will result in publication of a new manifesto.

The new pronouncement will be loaded with platitudes about the unbreakable solidarity of the Red camp under Moscow. But Indications are that the leaders are making little progress toward patching up the main differences among them.

The big argument is this; Red China, backed by some dissidents from other Communist parties around the world, objects to Khrushchevs economic aid plans, especially with respect to underdeveloped countries.- The Chinese resent any aid which tends to lend political stability to any government which is not Communist-oriented. Throwing Lenin* words at Khrushchev, the Chinese insist

that only violent revolution can lead to dictatorships of the proletariat.

Khrushchev's men urge patience and caution. They promise to use Soviet economic policy a main influence for world revolution," but project their program over 20 years. They promise to unfold this program at the next22ndSoviet Communist party congress, probably early in 1961.

The quarrel has made an important figure of Wladyslaw Go-mulka, chief of Polands Communist party. He is considered the only pro-Khrushchev man who has the ear and the respect of the Chinese Communists. Khrushchev appears to have few other real friends to whom the Chinese will listen.

The Chinese Reds do not want to wait until 1980 for the real beginning of a world revolution. Neither do many of the Communist leaders outside the Soviet orbit, who smell the heady scent of power now and who in 1980 would be too old or too dead to enjoy the fruits of a long-range Soviet program. They complain that Khrushchev sacrifices their interests for the sake of purely Soviet aims and policies.

All this tends to put the Chinese Communists in the light of being the greatest danger to world peace today. The big peril could well be that the Red Chinese and their supporters might prevail.

That would mean pressures would be stepped up quickly in all the worlds critical areas. The world Communist movement then would be relying principally upon piling ch'os upon chaos in attempts to ex-(Continued on Page 7)

Strength For Today

By EARL L. 1)01 GI.ASS SINDAV OBSERVANCE Sunday observance is today. It has always been, a matter of much dispute among sincere Christian believer*.

There are orne who believe that the day should be rigidly kept with no activities of any kind save rest and worship. There are others, equally sincere, who would .secularl/e the dav alino.st entirely. 'I'lie truth would appear to lie somewhere between these two extreme*. Also, we have a principle to guide us in that Jesus said first that Sabbath wa.s made for men, not inrn for the Sabbath, and again that tlic sotr of man (Je.sus iiim-Self) is Lord also of the Sabbath.

So we are not to use the day as an in.stitution to be served, and worshipped. We are to use the day a.s a merciful oppor* tunity to rest and as a God-given opportunity to worship,

Sunday should be a glad day. J) should be a day of r eal human usefulness. It should be a time when parents take perhaps an hour off to see that their ctnldren get a bit of extra religious in.*iiruction, such as going over the Sunday school lesson of that day, reading over the lesson for next week, and eipec-laJiy having them memorize certain pa.s-'^age.s of Scripture.

Tomorrow we shall a.sk our-selves what passage.^ of Scripture can most advantageously be

We view with growing admiration the role of Senator Lyndon Johnson in the recent campaign and his prospective role in the next administration.

To begin with, he did not have to accept the position as John Kennedys running mate. That he did so, would reflect a number of possibilities all creditable to him, such as:

A sense of loyalty to the party, an instinct of selflessness, the call of duty, the seers eye of a winning ticket in November, the challenge of unique service the vice presidency would offer.

During the campaign, Senator Johnson did not spare himself ... he made it plain that where he leads (referring to Kennedy), I follow. He swung doubtful Democratic Party leaders back into the fold, and proved again theres no good political strategist like an experienced political strategist. The party kept States they more than half-expected to lose, and they kept those states because of Senator Johnson.

As a man who proved he knows the Senate like the palm of his hand . . . the Johnson vice presidential role looms as the Administrations biggest single factor for reasonably harmonious dealings with Congress.

In his brief role as Senator Majority Leader he will be largely responsible for organizing the Senate. As Vice President, he will be in a position to know almost precisely how each committee will react, how the voting will go, the prospects of just how much the Senate will accept in the way of Administration bills.

Similarly, his friend Rep. Sam Rayburn will be able to guide and advise on legislation of interest to the Administration.

The picture-is one of teamwork.

Communists In

I

Crucial Session

Syndiotte, loe.

Your columnist passed by the County Jail yesterday. A trusty was standing on the front porch singing. His tune? "Im in the Jailhouse Now."

It must have, been inspiring I passed by yesterday afternoon and some of the women prisoners had picked up toe spirit of the toing.

They were giving out with .spirituals from the upper floors of the jail.

When you get behind the wheel of an automobile be watchful for teen-agers especially the ones who are driving.

Utilities Supt. Leonard Blox-am called to disavow any con-connection with a picture of him which ran in Mondays Reflector He said his wife declared that the newspaper had run somebody eises photo over his name.

It was Mr. Bloxams pictui e, I tell you.

And to borrow from the column of A.C. Snow in the Raleigh Times, here.'s a word of advice for motorists:

Jaycee will sponsor an air show at the Pitt - Greenville Airport Sunday afternoon at 2 p.m.

The show will feature parachute jumping, wing walking and all the other features of these historic bi-wing shows.

An unusual feature of this particular show, however, will be the performance of Lynda Earn-hart, a 15 year old Kernersville High School student.

She Is billed as the youngest "Girl on the Wing" in the world. Lynda who started her air act when she was 13 years old comes from a flying family.

She received national recognition when Life magazine did a story on her. She also stumped the panel on "What's My Line" and received favorable com*

Other Editors Saying... ength Of Campaigns

(Henderson Dispatch)

In the aftermath of the election. the old speculation rears its head again as to whether election campaigns are too long drawn out in this country. There are. of course, arguments on both sides of the question.

Certainly it can be said that the public as well as the candidates is tired of the daily diet and worn to a frazzle from listening to it for three long months or more. There are those, too. who say sometimes that if only the balloting had been delayed another week, or two weeks, such and such a candidate would have overcome his opposition and won. Even now the opinion is heard that had the election been a month or so earlier Nixon would have defeated Kennedy for President. That is no better guess than to claim the reverse of actual results had only a few votes been changed here and there.

Those millions of Americans who would like a shorter campaign in order to save themselves the trouble of reading and listening to the arguments can find release and relief simply by looking in the other direction.

We do not believe it is necessary to stretch the appeals and the speaking over three or four months in order to give the aveiage citizen an opportunity to reach a conclusion as to how he will vote. Nor dOes it seem that that much time is required for candidates to explain

their stand on public questions.

People who offer the suggestion as to shorter campaigns provide themselves something to talk about. Very probably the general public is not sufficiently interested to make its voice felt. The people can take U or leave it.

The only way to shorten the time is for the national conventions to be held later in the summer. As things now stand, the nominees of both major parties start their trips and their speeches as soon as they can arrange for them after being nominated. Each is anxious to get the jump on the other, and hence lose no opportunity of going mto action.

In Britain, or even in Canada, our nextdoor nelghtbor, political campaiRns are not as lengthy as in the United States. In neither of those instances, however, is there as much territory to cover as here. They do not have fifty States to visit, each as a separate entity to Itself, and each with its share of electoral votes.

For our part, we would welcome a little shorter political conflict. Everybody today is relieved that the campaign is ended. whether on the winning or losing side. But the only way to curtail is to delay the national conventions. There has been no indication of a desire to do that. Popular sentiment in the next four years could make itself felt, but Is not likely to do so.

Life isnt a bowl of cherries. Its a bunch of raisinsraisin heck, raisin kids, and raisin' money.--Daw8on County (Ga.) News.

By ALVIN TAYLOR

Heard Sounds Of Music

ments from Dorothy Kilgajen.

It all promises to be a thrilling show and of course the proceeds willfbe^ usid for Jaycee projects. *

The show will also feature Capt. Bennie Walker, World War n flyer, crop sprayer, airline pilot and air show pilot; Capt. Bob Nance, World War II flyer and June Covington,

professional parachute jumper, member of the Charlotte Sky Divers and flyer, crop sprayer and mechanic.

There will also be a comedy act featuring K. Jack Parks.

Opinions In Brief

Government will keep growing till we realize that the bigger it gets the smaller the citizen becomes, and the harder It hits him with controls and taxes.'The (Little Rock) Arkansas Democrat.

But if a man can think himself Cool in summer, warm in winter, tepid in autumn, he can think himself healthy on the brink of the grave and rich on the way to the poorhouse.. The Asheville Citizen.

A football fan is a guy who yells at ttie quarterback for not being able to pinpoint a receiver 46 yards downfield, and then cant even find his own car in the parking lot after the game." The Asheville Cltlscn.

Avoid the Last Mhiiite Rush^Be Sure Your Christmas Cards and Gifts Arrive on Time.

Of New Cabinet

By GEORGE E. SOKOLSKY copyright, 1960, King Features Syndicate, Inc.

As soon as it was clear that John Kennedy was elected, the question began to be debated as to who would be the next Secretary of State. Many names were mentioned: Chester Bowles, Ad-lai Stevenson, Eugene Black, Senator Fulbright. and so on.

No one had a lead because the Candidate had enough trouble to get himself elected and if he runs true to form, he has made no commitments and no promises, particularly as to Cabinet posts.

It will be possible to have a fairly clear picture of the nature and structure of the Kennedy Administration after he has announced his appointments of the Secretary of State, the Secretary of Defense and the Secretary of State, it will be obvious that Kennedy, as Preaidenti ' means to manage his own foreign affairs. Roosevelt had Cordell Hull as his Secretary of State because he wanted to handle these problems himself. President Truman had a *trong man in office, Dean Acheson. President Elsenhower had a strong man in John Poster Dulles and a weak man in Christian Herter. Dulles ran the State Department as though the President did not exist. Acheson accepted more attacks than any Secretary o< Btala in many decades; hi wouldi' ioBay be welcomed by many of those who attacked him,

If the President means to conduct Ids own foreign policy, nothing can atop him. The Secretary of State then becomes the head technician of a bureaucracy with very little initiative.

In the days of John Hay. Elihu Root and Charles Evans Hughes, this made little difference. The fig bureaucracy was small and controlled by patriotic motives and a Secretary could depend upon his subordinates.

Today, the State Department is a vast bureaucratic organization where It is possible for Deskmen to form policy as a result of day-by-day operations.

We lost Cuba because of improprieties down on the Desk level in toe State Department.

By the time that a weak Secretary of State or a Strong President can recognize what has

been done, the United States is faced by a miserable fait accompli. That is the history of China in 1947-9: it is the history

lems that tot State Department must deal with Is the cofu^at menace to it of homosexuals who have found employment la gov^ ernment. It is extremely difficult to discover whether a

person is a homosexual or not. The screening of prospective employees does not always bring out the one fact that so often Imperils the Department, For insUnce, when in the State De-,partment or in the British Foreign Office there have been defectors to Soviet Russis, all toe available evidence points to

homosexuality.

Because a homosexual male or female la subject to blackmail, and since blackmail is practiced, particularly on indfvjdutls who have to do with eo^es or files, this matter is of great importance. It is cited here only because the njanagement of the

Stat Department is a difficult one. requiring constant vigi-lance, especially as regards human weakness. To permit a man whose mother was Cuban to handle the Cuban Desk, for instance, is an error of management which is unforgivable.

When John Kennedy announces who will be Secretary of State, it will be possible to recognizs whether he win run an efficient or a political organization. Sometimes, it is possible to combine competence and politics in one person not too often, however. This is the telling appointment.

Such appointments, In this country, are personal with the President. That is not true in Great Britain, for instance, where the Foreign Minister is usually elected to the House of Commons. ('The present one is in the House of Lords.) He is a public official in his own right. He remains a member of Parliament even if he ceases ttr be the Foreign Minister. He 1# also a member of a party which has a voice in the conduct of its partys leaders. None of this is true In the United States.

The Secretary of State is a personal appointee of the Presl-(Continued on page 7)

Drains On' U. S. Gold Reserves

By ELMER KOEbSNER

The drain on Americas gold supply is one of the most critical problems facing the, next president, name of Kennedy.

In 1949 (a Truman year>, the United States held $24 4 billion in gold. Since then the >upply has almost steadily fallen. Last week the governments holdings were $19.2 billion, the smallest since early 1940.

Furthermore, the holdings are likely to decrease further. Foreign nations hold bundles of dollar credits which they can exchange for gold.

And to make matters worse, the platform on which John F. Kennedy ran calls for actions that would tend to endanger the American stock of gold even further.

THE GENEROUS PI.ANKS

Tlie Democratic Party, no le.R.s than the Kci)ublican, is committed io more foreign aid. Tliis is of utmost diiportauce, espe

cially in the Latiu-Aincrlcan sector. where it is necessary to make free enterprise work and work well if communist intrusions are to blocked. But most forms of foreign aid will involve some drain on our gold supply.

We can, of course, send a shipload of grain to Chile--which is one of the things we are doing this moment. No gold loss there, but the grain will probably go in American ships and the money spent abroad, by crew members and for fuel and supplies, can become demands on American gold.

The government will keep this at a minimum, but it will nevertheless persl.st.

The greatest need of American aid is for plants and factories to enable Latin Amerioan and, in addition, the New Africa to develop lUs ow'n industry. But money spent for plants abroad can be converted into demands for an equivalent amount of

gold. Row to build up foreign economies without losing more gold Is one of the toughest prob- lems the new administration

faces.

BASES ABROAD

Our bases abroad are another drain. Service men spend American dollars in the local economy: tlie bases themselves buy products and services in the local economy. Every dollar

spent becomes a potential demand on a bit of Fort Knbx

gold.

American travalars crate itill another drain whn they spend their dollars in foreign countries.

What can the new administration do?

It cannot cut foreign aid in the form of products, but it may insist that the recipients provide local currencies to cover the expenses.

It cannot reduce the amount of investment abroad, but it can limit exchauges so that host nations will pay more in local

currencies, In labor and In seri vices for the benefits to their economy.

It can reduce dollar epending for bases abroad. There Is already talk of bringing dependents home to reduce the outflow of dollars. There may also be moves to cut the size of uniformed units at each base, calling upon the host country to assume a larger part of the burden.

Nothing, of course, will be done to limit travel.

There art still other opportunities.

The new administration can provide means for encouraging export* abroad. It can encoui age more foreign travel in the United States. It can seek foreign Investments here.

But most of all It can declare its Intention of keeping the dollar sound and unlnflatPd. If this is believed, there wUl be less desire to exchange U. S. credits for our

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