PAGE FOimTHE DAILY RIFLECTOIL GREENVILLE, N. C

Saturday, November 5, 1960

Saturday, November 6, 1960

Photo Finish

Long Hard Year On Political Front

There remain only a couple of more days before the 1960 political campaign ends, and for the people of North Carolina, it will be a political year long remembered.

More than any other year in recent Tar Heel history 1960 has literally been filled with politics. It was back in January when the candidates for gov-enor began in ernest their maneuvering for post position in the big race. Before warm spring days brought buds to bare tree limbs, candidates for state offices and for local and district offices throughout North Carolina were off and running.

Before the end of May, North Carolina had seen its hottest state-wide primary campaigns in many a year. Politics had become almost the only topic of conversation in the drug stores, on the street corners, in country stores and living rooms. Television programs were shifted around to the extent that politicians w^ere running a close second to cowboys on the home screens.

After the May first primary there w^as no let-up, for there follow'ed the run-off between Terry Sanford and Dr. I. Beverly Lake for the Democratic nomination for governor. And this two-man race overshadowed all the other races that had taken place in the second primary.

Hardly had Tar Heels caught their breath from the second primary when the national parties convened to name their candidates for the presidency; and the nominees were off and running hard without waiting for the usual Labor Day signal to begin campaigning.

In North Carolina there has developed for the

1500.Q00 - Vote

Count Possible

By LYNN NISBET

PORBCAST Despite all the , poDt and predicona which have erred to confuse rather than enlisten the public during the peat few weeka, your reporter nw had Bumeroua requests for an estimate on the total vote to be cast in North Carolina next Tuesday and how it will be (Ustribnted.

So Here goes: there will be a record turnout of voters. That la indicated by the increased new registration in almost every county. Biggest vote to date was the 1.215.000 cast Id 1951. The 1960 total will exceed that by at least 10 percent, and will be not less than 1,S50,-000. A million and a half count . Bill not be surprising.

-'There wlH be less difference ^In total votes for President and for Governor than usual, *and less discrepancy in the margin ' cf winners, although more votes C.W1I1 be cast for President than for Governor. Also and somet, what paradoxically, there will be more regional uniformity in preferential voting; which is another way of saying that all over the State the votca for President and Governor will run closer ** together. Majorities for Nixon and liOdge in the West will be smaller'than the majorities rol-^ Jed up there for Eisenhower four yean ago; and the majorities for Knmedy and Johnson in the East win be less than given to : Stevenson In 1956.

Dmocrat Sanford for Gover-V or may get a smaller majority

in the West than did Hodges In 1986. Almost certainly he will .get a smaller margin In the east. ^As your reporter analyses this wprospect, the majority for San--^ocd may be reduced to not much more than half the 385,000 given to Hodges four years ago. But the majority for Kennedy may more than double the 15,000 given to Stevenson in 1956.

REASONING Reason-Jng back of these estimates ad--jmlttedly is not very logical. CiFact is, there hasnt been much

logic or reason in this campaign. Perumal, political and religious projudlce has clouded the logical consideration of issues to aoch degree it is difficult to ap-

w.laise. In too many instances ^the Republicans are running jagainst the Pope of Rome and the Democrats are running against the Hoovercarts of three decades ago. Neither has any logical basis as an issue, but appeals to emoUon and prejudice do influence votes; and such appeals are more effective in final days of the campaign.

NECK OUT Yielding to the '~Bumerous requests for a prediction. your reporter sticks out his aeck for this forecast:

The Democratic national slate, headed by Kennedy and Johnson,

win win in North Carolina with a margin of 25,000 to 50,000 votes two or three times the Democratic margin in 1956. Sanford wl be elected Governor, along with all other Democratic candidates on the state ticket, by majorities ranging from 100,000 upwardssmallest margin since 1928. but still enough.

The total vote in North Carolina will be in the range of 1,385,000. Every Democratic candidate on the State ticket will be elected, but there will be more Republican members of the 1961 General Assembly than In any Legislature since 1929 and some of them may come from counties which have not had Republican representatives in this century.

Thats the way it looks from here as of now. The final two or three days can upset these predictions. Campaigning goes goes on until six oclock Tuesday, November 8.

REGISTRATION Reports from all over the state indicate unusuaUy heavy registration for the election next weeJc. Most estimates put the totel number of eligible voters at slightly above two million. In counties where the party strength Is fairly equal extra effort was made to get every potential voter on the books. In these counties, too, very close attention is being given to rounding up absentee ballots.

Randolph county is a good Illustration. There are between 35,000 and 36,000 voters registered out of a population of 61,000. A week before election day a few more than 700 absentee ballots had been distributed. Party leaders. expect a total vote of more than 25,000. The vote in 1952 was 21,404 and in 1956 it was 21,578. Majority of the registrants are listed as Democrats, but the Republican national margin has been heavy in the past two elections. When the incumbent Democratic sheriff was first elected his margin was 108 over his Republican opponent and in that year there were 180 Democratic absentee votes.

In Gaston county the Democratic leaders are predicting a total vote of around 45,000, which compares with 34,000 four years ago and 37,000 In 1952. Absentees are not likely to be influential in the State and county races, but might make the difference for President.

More attention Ls being given to absentees in the East than usual. In previous elections Democratic majorities have been so big a dozen or two absentee votes were not worth the effort to get them. Now there are several points where every vote counts big, whether

cast in person or by mail.

------ ...

The Daily Reflector

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first time in several decades a serious bid by a Republican candidate for the governor's office. Both the Republican and Democratic parties have waged vigorous campaigns for their candidates down the line, giving the general election in the state this year much more attention than has been normal.

For the politicians, 1960 has been a long, tough year. For the voters too, it has been a tough year, for they have been bombarded with more political speeches, more rallies, more pins and buttons, more campaign banners and slogans and a higher pitch of political activity than most can remember.

With it all, however, there has been a greater interest on the part of individual citizens in politics, candidates and government than has been the case in a long time. And that in itself will make for better government at every level In the future.

On Tuesday, Let Every Citizen Cast His Vote

Tuesday will be a big day for Democrats Republicans, Independents. It will be an important day for all those Americans who claim affiliation with major political parties and for those who adhere to no political party affiliation.

It will be the day when Americans go to the polls in what is hoped to be unprecedented numbers to elect the next president of the United States and other officials at all levels of government.

It will be the day on which members of a Democratic nation exercise their greatest responsibility as citizens by expressing through the secret ballot their personal choice of candidates for high and low places in government. Those who go to the polls on Tuesday and vote their convictions may enjoy the satisfaction that they have discharged a personal responsibility to themselves, to their fellow citizens and to their government.

Those who purposely stay away from the polls on election day will not be exercising their voice in the affairs of government where it counts most. They will not be upholding their duties as citizens.

In this nation, which above all others takes pride in the right of the individual citizen to participate in the election of officials, the percentage of registered voters who actually cast ballots is less than in any other democratic nation in the w^orld. Certainly such a situation is not building upon the foundation of democracy as it should.

It is our hope that every citizen wll make a sincere effort to cast his ballot in the important national election Tuesday. Every citizen not only has the right to participate in the election; he likew'ise has the duty to participate wth his fellow citizens in selecting the officials who will be charged with the responsibility of our government i the critical years immediately ahead.

By DON SCHLIENZ

Of Time And Its Haste

Fourteen minutes can seem almost like fourteen years, or, i fourteen years can seem almost like fourteen miniites. So much depends on what is happening in the course of that period.

I wont pretend the past fourteen years have been like four

teen minutes, but they sure have gone by with a rush.

It was quite a jolt when an outside source casually mentioned My, you have an anniversary coming up! Your fourteenth, Isnt it?

Well, the surprise in this was

Other Editors Saying ... Importance Of One Vote

tisennower nas

Own Technidue

By JAMES MARLOW

WASHINGTON (AP) President Eisenhowers tactics against Sen. John P. Kennedy vary in his campaign effort to help Vice President Richard M. Nixon win the presidency.

He has played it hot, and he has played it cool. Cool is more in the line of this master politician who now may be making the final political effort of his life.

Last Friday night in Philadelphia he scaled Kennedy a bit. although without mentioning his name. In his Wednesday night speechi in New York Elsenhower used a cool feather duster.

The former had a touch of the campaign he himself made against Adlai Stevenson in 1952. The latter was like his campaign against Stevenson in 1956.

That cool technique which really means dont be too harsh on the man has worked extremely well for Eisenhower throughout his presidency. Still, its questionable whether this is the right technique to help Nixon now.

What may be needed from Eisenhower at this time if he is going to swing any votes when polls are saying Kennedy is ahead is a slashing, direct attack on the senator. The Nixon camp reportedly would prefer that.

In Philadelphia, in statements which could be considered aimed at Kennedy without naming him. Eisenhower spoke against arrogance rashness irresponsibility, None of this was in his New York .-=;peech. He made only one allusion to Kennedy his contention that American prestige has dwindled.

If a successful politician can be described as a man who knows how to stay highly popular while getting himself reelected. then Elsenhower is one of the master politicians of the 20th century.

The proof is his overwhelming victories, without any previous role in politics, in 1952

and 1956. There are some who think he would beat Nixon or Kennedy easily right now if he could run for a third term.

But one of the secrets of his political success has been his ability to stay out of personal embroilments. One way of doing it is to avoid personal attacks. To put it another way, to attack without name-calling. *

Eisenhower has made a career of that technique in the presidency. This has pretty much compelled anyone, with an inclination to attack him personally, to lay off.

The greater part of Kennedys campaign has been based on criticism of Eisenhowers administration. But Kennedy does not name the President and has carefully avoided any direct conflict with him.

This works both ways of course, and may have a discouraging effect on any Eisenhower inclination to get savage with Kennedy.

Where does that leave Nixon in these last few days before election w'hen apparently he feels the greatest need for Eisenhower to demolish Kennedy, if he can?

He seems caught In the middle between two political techniques Eisenhowers and Kennedys which call for wounding w'ithout blood-letting.

It seems fair to conclued judging from the way Eisenhower toned down his New York speech after the one in Philadelphia that while the President wants to help Nixon, his campaign for him will be something short of all-out.

Quote...

The .sages tell us that we .should never miss an opportunity to make others happy, even if it means that we Jiave to leave them alone."Elberton (Ga.) Star.

(Hertford County Herald)

Those people who plan to stay home on election day and think their one vote will not make any difference are mistaken. Every eligible voter is needed and every vote wiU be important in the outcome of the election.

The eyes of the world are on the United States at this time and especially those of Communist leaders, who are waiting for an opportunity to use a poor eleoLion turnout as another propaganda tool for their form of government.

Congressman L.H. Fountain has done some research on the importance of one vote. The following are his conclusions:

At least three presidents of the United States were elected by one vote, five of the 50 states were admitted to the Union by margins of a single ballot. Two of the presidents were Thomas Jefferson and John Quincy Adams.

Each won his office in the House of Representatives by one vote because (in Jeffersons case) the electoral votes were tied. It was the same with Adams, when no clear electoral majority was attained at the polls.

The third president was Rutherford B. Hayes. In his contest with Samuel J. Tilden he received a minority of the popular vote but the electoral situation was so confused because of primitive communications some claim because of brazen skulduggerythat Congress appointed an Electoral Commission of 15 members to decide who should be president.

Hayes won eight to seven. The deciding vote was cast by an Indiana lawyer who, it is said, had been elected to Congress by on#' vote.

As for.the five statesTexas, California, Washington. Oregon, and Idahothey were admitted because in each cas& their statehood resolutions were carried to the floor of Congress by the rftargin of one vote in the committees considering these.

And history might have been different and certainly more pleasantif Adolf Hitler had not been elected leader of the Nazis

by one vote in a Munich beer haU in 1923.

In 1918, five more votes in each Colorado precinct would have elected a Democratic senator. This wo*ild have given the Democrats control of the Senate. But they didnt get it. and Henry Cabot Lodge, of Massachusetts. became chairman of the powerful Senate Foreign Relations Committee, and Woodrow Wilsons plan for United State entry into the League of Nations was blocked.

Two years earlier, Wilson himself was barely reelected to the presidency when Charles Evans Hughes lost California to him by just 3,086 votesless than one for each of the states 5,000 precincts.

The most spectacular instance of the value of one vote, of comse, was when Lyndon B. Johnson, now majority leader of the senate (and vice presidential candidate), defeated Gov. Coke Stevenson in a runoff election in Texas. The margin of victory that sent Johnson to the senate was 87 votes, With 988,295 cast.

Lyndon Johnson today is a national leader because of the fantastically small margin of 145-1C,000th of a vote in every elec-tlcm precinct in his home state.

A true friend of the South, Franklin D. Roosevelt, was elected governor or New York In 1928 by a margin of about two votes per precinct. That was the year of the Hoover lardslide in the presidential race against A1 Smith.

Nobody can force an American to vote. It Is his right to do so; it is also his rightregrettable though It may benot to do so.

In Belgium, Switzerland and some other countries penalties are imposed, including fines, on people who faU to go to the polls. (In Russia, of course, it is a little more drastic,, up to and including a bayonet In the back.) But the American system leaves it up to the citizen who, after all, is self-governing, and ^therefwe should be free in the matter.

See you at the polls.

due to my Missus and I having chalked up our thirteenth

anniversary just recently: and the twelfth, eleventh (and so

on) seemed in retrospect to have come perilously close to one another. Several times I have been tempted to say something about anniversaries should be at the very least one year apart: but what with one thing and another this little reminder got lost in the rush.

But It is a fact, and the

calendar bears me out, fourteen years ago was an important day in my young life. It was a day highlighting one of the wisest moves (for which I claim credit) that it has bei my

fortune to make before, or since.

The years that have sines elapsed would have been fillM with 365 long days, instead of hours, if it hadn't been for a November day so well'recalled.

Hey, babe.. . .Do you read me loud and clear?

For AelouT(H)hC5 (cat enthusiasts) the coming week is a big one. It is Cat Week International.

You arent impressed?

Well, the American Feline Society, Inc. figures the American cat population runs about 21 million; and that the count has held steady for the last two decades.

Of that 21 million cats, this same society holds that half of them axe owner - fed. owner-housed and owner-cared for.

Personal experience with felines (one at a time) has proven rather pleasant. As anybody who has lived around a cat will tell you. each has a perscmality as distincUvt as individual people.

But as miK!h as their qualities may be admired, they seem to lack something when considered en masse.

The reason seems to be they

are just too individualistic, too immersed in their private world, too aloof and detached.

Maybe thats behind the sad fact there are no cat heroes as there are in the canine and equine families. The most famous O cats art ftctlonal: Dick Whittington's Cat, in which Dick Whittington became the. mayor of Londontown (and not the cat); and H. Allen Smiths redoubtable Rhubarb in which the scene - stealw proved to be a baseball team.

If it was left to eats there would be no Cat Week * ternational. I suspect theyd rather be left alone.

Always ts A 3ig One

By GEORGE E. SOKLLSKY

Copyright. I960. King Features Syndicate, Inc.

Admiral Ben Moreel, Chairman of the Board of Trustees of. Americans for Constitutional Action, issued a mimeograph broadside to the effect:

The approaching election Is without question the most crucial in the history of our Republicand the most momentous for the rest of the world.*

This sentence I have heard or seen all my life since I was a small boy when Mary Hanna chose William McKinley to d^ feat William Jennings Bryan. Each time, it is the most Important, the most momentous, tha most significant election for ona reason or another. However, tha Republic manages to survive tha indiscretions of its citizens.

Those who wrote the American Constitution put real power in the Congress and therefore in the people. If Congress functions as it should, we can survlva such a President as Chester Arthur M* Warren Harding or avaa such a one as Woodrow Wilson or Franklin D. Roosevelt. Tha very strong Presidents, such aa Andrew Jackson and Abraham Lincoln, managed to donoinata Congress, for one reason or tat-other, and a weak President, hka Dwight D. Eisenhower, became dependent upon an antagonlstio Congress which cooperated fully for the countrys sakebut al^ ways we managed to survlva our worst eirori or best Judgments.

My point is that as long as an informed people Is alert, government cannot destroy tha country. Admirad Moreclla statement contains ttiis:

I stand with those who believe that the great conflict of our age is between Individualism to determine whether the. individual, as a child of God, endowed by Him with certain inalienable rights, win ba permitted to strive for a life in pM:e-ful devotion to his God and In love of his neighbor; or, altma-tively, whether his Ufa is to ba subordinated to the wiU of tha majority, a majority not guided by eternal and absoluta laws of right and wrong, but solely by political and social practices fasionable at the timea majority whose rule is actually dictated by a minority skilled at political manipulation.**

I do not understand what this means. Does Admiral Moreel favor a dictatorship or an absoluta monarchy or government by an elite? The majority Is In tha nature of a free society, although it Is true that HiUer was chosen by a majority and so was Musso-Ihii.

What is tha alternativa to a majority? It could only ba a mi-n(Mlty. How does one decida which minority is to ba placed in office? Would It have m preferable to make Thomas E. Dewey President because ha was defeated by Harry Truman? Are we to choose the man who is defeated rather than tha man who is elected? Or shall we have a President elected only by those who understand eternal and absolute laws of right and wrong? Perhaps wa might have an Electoral College consisting of bishops, rabbis and Christian Scienea readers to pick a President or wa might have a Senate ci imiver-slty presidents, to do that job!

Admiral Moreell's real objection to the majority is that it is manipulated by a minority. The word, manipulated, is ill-chosen. R is true that men follow leaders. That is in tha naturs of things. Sometimat a leader is a great orator or a brilliant military leader or a nobla politician. But human beings do have a way hitching their wagon to a star and wt ara not all stars.

Tha quality of laadandilp is rare. R is noted In small boys who manage, for better or for * worse, to be followed by other small boys. Not all men can ba taken at their own valuaoa. Some men like to lead but other* will not foUow tlnem. They become dlsilluslooad and frost-rated, becausa whUa they know the best way to do things, nobody agrees on who la tha <ma who should do them. TrotNcy was an exampit of the agrtramo-ly competent, afflcieiit, knowledgeable man who kntw precisely what should ba dona and when he got tha chance, he did everything parfactly. But other preferred not to have him about; gtalln, got worthy of Trotekys toe, amiad tba bettor

(Continued on page alto ^

Banks Provide In-Plant Service

Public horum

TO THE EDITOR:

In a recent editorial the editor asked whether the GOP has suddenly discovered so many ?nort comings In the state and local bovernment. The Republican Party ha-snt SUDDENLY moved into North Carolina, Oh :he contrary the Democratic Party has gradually deserted the people of our state. Terry Sanfords selling out to the Democrats was merely the LAST straw" the people would tolerate. The fact that Democrat? for Gavin groups have formed statewide Is proof in itself.

Apparently the editor fails to realize that the purpose of a campaign and election is to re-evaluate the past, present, and futureand weigh the records and

views of the parties and nominees involved. It would hardly seem that the GOP is grasping at straws when they thus point out the far.acies of our one party state government, which in itself is contrary to a free society: it wculd hardly appear that Robe*t Gavin, Republican Gubernatorial Nominee, has divorced himself from the Republican Party by staling his platform-which, It the editor had botheied to read beyond the front cover, obviously upholds and concur.s with the GOP State Platform. Of course, he hasnt reiterated the platform word for word but then what are we * electing, a governor or a party name?

Julia Gardner

Greenville, N. C.

By ELMER ROESSNER

About 100 banks are providing in-plant services in 2,000 establishments with 500,000 employees, according to Report on Credit Unions and In-Plant Banking Services. It is fairly safe to predict that the acceptance of bank plans will grow rapidly, it adds.

Thf rise of bank branch of-fices in offices and factories is a serious threat to credit unions. This is significant because many of the credit unions are sponsored by unions. When employees swing from credit unions to plant branch banks, unions may lose face. If not an economic hold on members.

However, banks have nut yet won the battle. "Report, Etc says that savings and loan associations arc way ahead; credit unions are second and banks are last in plant offices.

WHY BANKS WILL EXPAND

There are a number of reasons why banks are forging khead.

For example;

1. Banks are tending to bring services almost to customers* doorstep. In most states, branches are springing up in shopping centers, new apartment developmfnts everywhere there are people with money. Exteiis on to plants is logical and to be expected by customers.

2. Banks offer more services than credit unions or savings socletifs. They offer checking services, quick small loans, real estate loans, large-size loans.

3. Employers favor banks. Banks can offer services to the plant in whcih they are lcrpd: quick cash in emergency, payroll handling, quick a<" VPs to financial que.stioas.

4. Credit unions, as Reports, Etc. says, have left a vacuum. There are only 10,000 credit unions in the .50,000 plants with 100 or more employees.

5. Banks have been active in promotion, telling the story of their services in advertisements and in racks of booklets available at almost every branch. BUSY IN THE LOBBY

Furthermor, as Reports, Etc. points out, banks axid finance companies are active on the legislative front. While credit unions, banks and other lending organizations get together in opposition to consumer credit, the rest tend to gang up against credit unions in other issues.

And the newsletter adds: Credit unions are a maverick of the financial system. They arent financial Institutions pure and simple, and they arent a religion. They operate under laws which differ from those undf which their competitors opein'e. They have opened up a new area of thrift and loans their competitors have missed for a Jong time.

The competitors have discovered this area with a bang. They are moving into it. They will try to give better service than credit unions and they will try to cut down credit union operating privileges.

It looks as if the credit unions

ae^ a profra for mrrtrt

quickly.

BRmSR MAT BE AS RICH AS SAUDI ARABIANS

Oil is being developed in England. One company has IS well producing in the Midlands. Several other fields are In an a^ vanee stage, and new drUlinga indicate oil pools in Southern England.

Under crash m'ograms, some oU was discovered during World War n but the discoveries were kept secret to prevent the Nads from knowing.

POST-HALLOWEEN NOTE ON COCOA PRODUCTION Production of cocoa beans la expected to rise in Ecuador during the coming season. About 2,000,000 trees came into production this year and. as the U. S. Agricultural Service reports, Witch's Broom disease has been declining, although Monllia Pod-Rot continues to cause much loss.

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