FACE FOURTHE DAILY REFLECTOR, GREENVILLE, N. C

Saturday, September 17, IfSO

Saturday, September 17, 196(>

None Would Dare, 15 Years Ago

While You Are In Ameriky Waters

It is difficult to understand how Premier Nikita Khrushchev seemingly finds himself in a position to treat the United States and its leadership with so much contempt.

Can it be due to American failure to do something?

Did we do something wrong?

Or. is it all merely a manifestation of supreme confidence he holds a winning hand?

Khrushchev has gone far out of his way to insult our President and Vice President

At Geneva, some analysts at the time simply diagnosed his bad manners as a seizing upon the U-2 plane episode to avoid a meeting.^ But the rumblings didnt end mth that

He has since showed contempt for the two candidates for the presidency: lackeys of monopoly capital, he called them. And even before the campaign really began, the Russian gave evidence of believing he could influence the outcome.

In Africa the brash Nikita chose to send planes, tnrcks, miscellaneous military aid and advisors to Patrice Lumumba ... defying the wishes of the United Nations which was trying to resolve a difficult situation.

Within the United Nations, spokesmen for the Kremlin have been doing their level best to sow dissension and discord; working to sabotage that bodys peacemaking work in the Congo. In this, the United States as principal bulwark of the UN program, has been again a favorite target.

Now Mr. Khrushchev is on his way to our shores as an uninvited guest, to press his campaign against

the United States and ideals for which it stands. (We can only marvel at the gall which prompted him to protest travel limitations imposed by this counfcry.)

Also among those present at what promises to be a historic seession of the UN will be perhaps the most unsavory crew of cutthroats from Eastern Europe that has ever graced a conference table since Blackbeard's time. All will be waiting for their chance to pull Uncle Sams 'Whiskers.

Only fifteen years ago no government In the world . . . and no combination of governments . . . would have dared perpetrate the indignities and insults heaped upon our nation and its leadership as we have seen in the past seven years

Most Americans, we are sure, are looking forward to a change.

The only reason we can conceive for Soviet bullying is an overwhelming confidence in their military superiority and a conviction they are now seeing U.S. leadership in the world crumbling.

It would be tragic, of course, if we should be forced to prove otherwise in that ultimate kind of showdown nobody likes to contemplate.

But it would be even more tragic if America in its search for peace should fail to recognize that there is a time when turning the other cheek Invites destruction.

'Dull Hearings Are Brightened.

By LYNN NISBET

PHILOSOPHY The usually duH budget he&ringi are sometimes brightened by numerous e(mmients which have a lot of philosophic truth. Dr. Rudolf Jones, i^dent of Fayetteville State Teachers College, was pleading for more money to employ better qualified instructors. He said he had sometimes feared that the tendency was "for those who cant do, to teach: and those who cant teach, to ^ teach teachers. He noted that the salary scale at his college was Just about that of the high schools.

; Dr. Samuel D. Proctor, new president of A&T at Greensboro, also gave out with some humorous philosophy. He was making the point that while his college ,as a Federal land grant institution was required to maintain certain standards, he was .forced sometimes to use under graduate instructors in the 'graduate school. I dont want to send out post graduates from my college who cannot spell graduatebut thats likely to happen unless we can recruit competent professors.

Dr. Walter Ridley, also new *as president of Elizabeth City * StSit^ Teachers CoRege. expressed the same idea. All of these college administrators pointed out the need for more physical facilities in building and equkuu^t. but they put noajor emiasis enriching the cur-rleuhim and the faculty. Signifi-cf that approach is

tint these are Negro colleges. At every Negro school more cm-irinsis wae placed on quality of mstmctton. while at many of the aliite institutions emphasis was <m buildings to accom-

modate omvenienee of the anti-, cipated increased number of

etnlents to be enredled during ;ttie next few years.

ORANGE UGHTIn this development tiiere may be an auge light of caution about going so far in buildings and physical facilities at white

. colleges. It has been true for

eome years that the average ; Milary of Negro school teach-

en were better prepared from Ibe standpoint of college degrees and tenure. Tint this condition rose from the fact that teaching has been the best job avall-hie to Negroes, while white , eoold go into business offices t higher pay. does not change the tnsic truth that the average Negro public school teacher Is ; better prepared to teach than > the average white.

Up to BOW that has not been true of college faculties. There re iiHiications that it might become true, if the Negro schools continue to emphasize quality

of instruction and the white schools continue to put major emphasis on equipment

Unfortunately, the problem cannot be stated so simply. The best teacher cannot function without tools, and a second rate teacher can do better with good tools than a first rater without tools. The balance is delicate and requires careful appraisal.

It is also true that the delicate balance is being upset by de-n^ds of extremists on both sides of the racial controversy. In most of these problems the main facts are submerged by prejudiceresentment on part of whites that colored teachers earn higher pay. and resentment on part of the colored that whites generally have better physical facilities.

The orange caution light is blinking for both groups.

DELINQUENT TAXES A 1939 legislative act designed to facilities collection of advalorem taxes by counties and municipalities is being studied by attorneys in several counties, according to news stories.

The intent of the act was to declare the inanimate property, rather than the owner of the property, as the delinquent subject to being made defendant in a civil suit for collection of taxes levied against it. The application of that act would require only filing of tax liens with the clerk of superior court in the county to constitute a valid judgment claim against the property for taxes; due. That would simplify collection, save time and money for the tax collectors.

So far as can be ascertained the act has never been invoked in any county or city, because most lawyers think It is unconstitutional and would not stand up in any court challenge.

Russel Nipper, who has been clerk of Wake County Superior Court for about ten years, says he did not attempt to use the act in his former capacity as tax attorney for the county. He says he will accept and docket any papers filed with his office under the act, but at the same time would advise his lawyer friends that they could accomplish nothing by such procedure. Taxes are levied on property, but they must be paid by owners of the property.

The 1939 act was conceived in the desperate era when the State and the whole country was recovering from the depression years. Many county and municipal governments were bankrupt, whether or not they admitted It. They were grasping at straw.s but this straw would not help them out of trouble, Nipper thinks-

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The Defection Street Is A Two-Way Affair

Lest we forget:

The defection of American citizens to the Iron Curtain countries is such a rarity that across our country the story draws big headlines.

As compared with that side of the picture, defections from the Communist camp have been so numerous we doubt anyone could provide an exact total. It is almost routine.

We are shocked by disclosure that two employees of the National Security Agency turned up on the the other side; but as against their loss, this country has acquired much bigger fish, and more of them.

The millions who voted with their feet overwhelmingly voted against Red rule.

Our own view of American turncoats is good riddance. The functions of democracy, the preservation of freedoms we hold dear, are all much easier without the deadwood.

On the other kand, we can afford to welcome the refugees. Many of them know hardship, and are aware that in their new world much will be required of them. In most cases they have proven willing and able to contribute to strengthening the fibre of the Free World.

The West comes out ahead.'

By HENRY HOWARD

Hard Schedule

io laKe

If all worked out as planned yesterday, and th day before, and the day before, etc., this column may well have been one of the few spaces in todays edition devoted to something other than the visit to Greenville paid today by Jack Kennedy.

After several seconds thought, we decided we may as well in

clude this spac with the majority.

Assuming all campaigns stops are timed as closely as the one here today, we must venture to say, Wed be awful hard to convince wed be willing to go through with such a syncopated schedule day in. day out.

It must be next to unbearable.

tew Understand

Other Editors Saying The Two-Edged Sword

Economic Body

(Industrial News Review)

All of us are involved in economic problems and dealings every day of our lives. We perform economic acts when we buy a new automobile or a shoe shine, when we go to a show, when we pay our bills or, for that matter, fail to pay them. But serious discussions of economics, with all due credit to the many outstanding works in this field that have been produced over the centuries, are commonly couched in a terminology which makes lay understanding excessively difficult or even imposvsible. So economic theory has been pretty much confined to the realm of the very few.

Back in 1944, Fred G, Clark and Richard S. Rimanoczy, who are. respectively, the General chairman and the Editorial Director of the American Economic Foundation, published a b^k, entitled How We Live, which was designed to present the basic principles of economics in terms anyone could understand. It was astonishingly successful. Now a second ahd revised edition has been published (D. Van Nostrand Company, Inc., Princeton, New Jersey; $2.85, And it does what the late Channing Pollock said of the fir.st edition: "How We Live is a step-down transformer that takes the high voltage economic thought off the transmission line and reduces it to 110 A C. for hoiusehold use.

In the' authors' words. This book take.s the economic body apart and describes the parts in relation to the whole. Its purpose is {o enable the average person to avoid behavior injurious to the nations economic health. It is obviously impossible fo hit more than a few high spots in a brief review. Here are same of them: The book deals in detail with the tools we must have to produce goods and services. In a simpler age. each m.an made his own. Hls productivity was severely limited. So, ultimately, corporation tools came into b.^-Ing. People joined and poold savings to make possible the

purchase and use of the tools. Now the 900,000 U. S. corporations have tools valued at about 1,000 billion dollars.

The much debated, much misunderstood question question of "size of business is considered. These points are made; The test of the social desirability of any business is: Does it produce more and better goods at lower costs? As long as the cus-freedom of choice, decides the power to buy from whomever he pleases, no business can continue to grow after the point of highest efficiency has been passed. In other words, there is no such thing as an arbitrary good size or bad size. Quality and efficiency, not just statistics, are the yardsticks, and the consumer, with his freedom of choice, decides th e fate of all business. The only one exception, the authors add, is when a business is run by government, such as the postal service, and freedom of choice does not exist.

The book also shows that, The costs of goods and ser- vices have many different names but they are practically all one: The cost of human energy. The authors find that about 95 per cent of the revenues business gets from its customers is paid out to workers in one way or another. And so is much of the remaining 5 per cent, for the owners of industrial toolsthe investors also buy goods and services requiring labor.

Considerable space is given to clearing up misconceptions concerning workers and employers, The causes of unemployment are covered plainly. They are two. First, unemployment result.s when goods and sen'ic-e& which are not w'anted are not wanted are produced con'unier.s will not exchange their money for them. Second, it results when a worker places .^uch a high price on his product that other workers do not have enough of their own product to make the exchange The worker then prices h1m.stlf out of the market . Continued on page .six)

(Greensboro Daily New)

Richard Nixon is utterly sincere when he urges the nation to iwjcept without any further questioning Senator Kennedys statement that his religion would not influence his conduct of tiie presidency.

For the vice president knows the religious issue cuts tioth ways. Already his followers are alarmed over the reaction in Jewish, Negro and Catholic circles in New York, Pennsylvania and Illinois to the Norman Vincent Peale anti-Kennedy meeting in Washington. A G O. P. official told The WaU Street Journal; I wish Dr. Peale had stayed out of the religious cony"^ troversy. And a high Demo-' crat added: I hope Vince Peale goes on making those statements.

Out in Texas The New York Times did an opinion roundup among clergymen following Senator Kennedys bout in the ministerial lions den at Houston.

It found Kennedy made an excellent personal impression on many Texans, but how many minds he changed is problematical. Yet the Democratic Party standwd-bearer changed minds elsewhere. His Houston speech was widely televised. It put Kennedy in the underdog positiona man trying to defend himself against attacks on his religion. In the United States that can be dynamite.

In California, where Senator Kennedy recently whistlestopped down the rich Central Valley, the religious issue was on every tongue. Another Times correspondent concluded that Kennedys appearance helped swring many lukewarm Stevenonsites to active work for the Democratic cause. Previously they had been sitting on their hands. The religious attack on Kennedy galvanized them into action.

In the large industrial states of the Northeast and Midwest many Roman Catholics are far more compatible with Nixons conservative economic policy than with Kennedys New Deal-ism. Without religion as a factor, they were for Nixon. But The Wail Street Journal survey showed a rising anger in heavily Catholic areas.

Republicans recognized the boomerang effects of the Peale groups activities all too well. This is a far cry from the ordinary Bible Belt type of bigotry. noted one G.O.P. official. This cuts deeply. I know because Im a Catholic myself.

In Jewish circles prominent rabbis, not previously sold on Kennedy, fell in line because they look on anti-Catholicism as just a step away from anti-Semitism. They were impressed by Kennedys Houston statement that today I may be a victim but tomorrow it may be you until the whole fabric of our harmonious society Is ripped at a time of great national peril.

Even more significant was the reaction of certain Northern Negro leaders who told The Wall Street Journal that much of the anti-Catholicism \& coming from the same sort of people who oppose school desegregation.

So, while Nixon welcomes Norman Vincent Peales support in the South, he is alarmed by the votes alientated in other areas. To compensate for New Yorks 45 electoral votes would require four or qve Dixie defections.

For several good reasons Vice President Nixon would like, a cutoff date on religion in politics. But, up to this time he has not, Joseph Alsop reports, repudiated the support of those who raise the Issue, either at the respectable or the gutter level.

Doubtless that intricate schedule of minutes allocated to various brief phases of the visit here carried a lot of weight in the national party leaders decision to cancel the earlier-scheduled Greenvill press conference.

atons dea O:: Success

Just a glance down the intricate time-table worked out by party leaders around here and in Raleigh showed the split-second liming necessary to move the candidate through the first leg of his five-city Tar Heel tour.

For instance, he was allowed a total of 38 minutes to land at the airport, greet dignitaries, move by motorcade to Farmers Warehouse, watch a mook tobacco auction, talk with farmers, return to the motorcade, travel through Greenville, and arrive at College Stadium.

He was allowed another 19 minutes to move into the star dium, hear the crowds ovation, listen to the National Anthem, hear an invocation, watch recognition of dignitaries (all at the same Ume), be introducec^ and finish his address.

Another 30 minutes was allotted for Kennedy to leave the stadium, move by mottwcade from the stadium to the airport, say his goodbyes, and take off for Greensboro at 10:27. am.

A total of 87 minutes for all that!

That, alone, would not be so very bad, but think of It every day.

Just leave us to our comparatively unscheduled, hodge-podge way of life.

In that same vein, though, we might add that our duties up here in the newsrqom were scheduled just as tightly for the day.

The way everything was planned, We should have Imndled the Kennedy visit smoothly on the same syncopated-type schedule.

By the time this is read . . . Well know.

Win or lose, though, well probably be relieved to a degree to return to normal.

In view of the close time-table followed by the Kennedy visit here, we had a thought the other day.

Although we had been planning almost depending on it, we can understand why we had to do without it. ^

That to, we can see both sidea of it.

By GEORGE E. 80K0LST Copyright, 1980. King FeMurea Syndicate, Inc.

Cyrus Eaton to a eapitaltotia speculator who has amassed great fortune and who believe that Communtom to here to stay. His prophetic insight to not historical but pragmatic. He believes that what to to all right, particularly if a profit can be found In it. What he means by Communism has never been made clear. In a very lengthy sketch of Eaton issued by the Associate Press. Eaton apparently bteve* that Communtom to the antithesis of capitalism which is, of coarse, an oversimplification. The reason that every member of the Communist Party anywhere in the world must be an atheist has nothing to do with favoring or opposing capitalism; it does have very much to do with the Marxist concept of dialectic^ materialism, the hypothesis that whAt exists to the product of casual forces in nature, not the result of the creative power of a first cause. Perhapa Cyrus Eaton understands this or may take a pragmatic view of life whch in this case would mean that if a steel plant can be erected by Communist as well as by Capitalist methods. Communism works. No moral criteria" affect his judgments. Tom Henshaw. the Associated Press writer who interviewed Eaton, makes this interesting observation: - , ^ ^ ^

Mr. Eaton, a hard-headed

businessman with a Midas touch, doesnt think of himself as a starry idealist. With him, peace and coexistence ar simply matters of cold logic. . .* I do not know the differenc between cold and any other temperature for logic, but

there is no logic in the assumption that because a man has accumulated a large fortune that he is necessarily hard - headed or, for that matter, soft-headed. The latfc Henry Ford, for instance. was a master-builder of automobiles and erected an

enormous enterprise, but he got aU twisted up with Rozika

Schwimmer and the Ford Peace Ship and he had other curious notions which did not work out. Many a very wealthy man becomes a socialist or an anarchist, sometimes for no better reason than that he cannot explain why he ahould have succeeded In life when his betters did not accumulate as much money. On the other hand,

many a logician of the first magnitude teaches in a imiver-aity for small pay.

Eaton, in thto intervtow said;

One think you can say about capitalists to that they want to make a profit There le not much to gain if the United States spends $50 billion a year on armaments which ultimately will only blow us all up.

On the other hand, would Cy rus Eaton reduce the United

States to the condition of Poland or Hungary or North Korea? If not, to it not necessary to be prepared to defend ourselves against the menace that an Imperialtotio country auch as Soviet Russia holds for us? Even Red C!hlna to rebelling against Soviet imperialtom. Is a profit so profitabl that all the spiritual valles of Mfe to be debased for tt? True, it would be unfortunate if a ow skyscrapers and magnificent tedus-trial enterprises were destroyed by Soviet Russian bombs and missiles, which is Eatons fear, but what about the freedom ol the indlvldiuil which to the eeeenee of our Mv-llization?

Eaton's answer to:

In a world where you iMve to eat three times a day, an application to material ttdogs to mankinds first job and destiny. After all, what the world pays most attention to to success. It may be a hard ttog to eay, but its one of the eold facts of hfe.

This is Cyrus Eakm*s oredo but there are other men who do not live for Ix^ad alone or even mostly for bread. There are men and women who would preserve their honor and dignity and their beliefs, evee (Oontlntoed ou page sta)

More Labor Trouble In Offing

Strength For Today

By E4RL I.. DOUGLASS ON READING THE ('I.ASKICS

Some Ume ago I iaid to a friend of mine who does a tremendous amount of reading each year, Why is it that the so-called classics in Uterattue are so superior to all other wri-tmgs? They invigorate the mind, as the wTitings of modern writer.s do not. Why to thto? My friends r(*fely was, Those guys had the stuff.

Then he went on to point out that the writers of he classics had a penlrating insight Into the meaning ol life, which others often lack. 'They were able to dtocern the real problem of life, to state them, and in many cases to suggest remedies.

To say thto to not to pa.<y! a blanket of condejnnallon on all modern wiiting Spme present-day wnter.s are producing buoLs which a generation or two from now may be regarded a.s classics. Whether produced today, a hundred or a thousand 4, years aro, literary ^oiks are classics only if they touch human life at deep levels and give people real insight into life as it to. Not all classics are pleasant to read. A few are genuinely .did because they expose t e sordid aspects of life. But for the most part, the cl? .sics raise our eyes to something loftier than our-selvc.*'.

Tltpy are wi^tten as my friend dcdare.'i. by guys who had the sluff.

By ELMER ROESSNER Here are more look-aheads in business, based on analyses of developing trends and, occasionally, on advance information: More labor trouble. The fact that unemployonent to high and that there are *sorae dips in the economy will not reduce labor demands in the coming months. San*e labor leaders feel that any strikes between now and election day will aid John F. Kennedy by boosung unemployment and thereby em-barrasfiug the Administration. However, nio.st leaders. are against strikes that will tlirow no..siriI:eis out of jobs. The quick end of the Pennsylvania Railroad strike was largely due to the lact that it was not popular among other railway union leaders^, who brought pressure lor settlement.

On the other hand, there will be strike talk 41s General Electric and the I.U.E negotiate for a new contract 0 : enlace one e.xpiring October 1. Some union elements would like to see a strike.

l.axrs no issue. Not/ that neither Richari^ Nixon nor John F. Kennedy have called for a tax cut, It would be unforgivable hypocrisy, Platform.s of both parties spell out higher Federal spending. Some

^ I' j. I

planks, if taken literally, would actually mean sharp tax increases. Meanwhile, the final budget the Eisenhower Administration will send to Congress next January will call for higher spending. Thto will be a bud- get in fancy only; the 1961-62 budget will be beaten into shape by the new administration and the new Con?:ress.

REDONE W.AR

Excess of history. Bv the e.nd of 136.L Americans will be as tiled 0 the Civil War as were their ancfistois in The

story ol the war to about to be regurgitaied In advertisements, television shows, newspaper features. school pageants and ev-erywhtre else. Millions of dollars have already been contracted for in adVerttoing alone to tie into centenntol theme.s. There will be .so much repe-i-tious, boring material that in the end many people will be wishing the South h. dnt won after all.

Postal meter eonipiAliion. For years one manufacturer has had a virtual monopoly on pastage meters But a new one has been developed and is said to be about to win government approval. It wTll launch a trc-mendou.s competitive battle for a multimllllon-dollar m''''e. NEW INTERCOM COMING

Home .intercom .lyslem. .A portable home intercom system using extoting house wiring to being tested in three market and if accepted by buyers there, wdll soon appear in all other markets. Costs under $80, Thto wUl be followed by another intercom consisting of two or more tiny broadcasting .stations with less than lOO-feet Tange.

Costlier .salmon. This ha been a frequent prediction in thto column and always a sound one. Now canned salmon to about to go up again. This years pack to extremely light and wholesalers are already bidding up the price.

More plants exported. The

Bjiitoh fiscal structure has shown siuns of weakening and the government is trying to shore li ui). Theres a new drive to increiase exports. Quietly, there is Mso another drive to pe I ade more American cor-po:?,i.ou.s to establish plants in BrLain. which would have the same effect as an increase in exporto. A delegation now touring the U.S. to petting some encouraging inquiries.

moter &nnottncd 00 kii drop* in today. "Th boslMss of money being worth kec and les.s aU the timo to weerlng, disheartening and Impovtrtoh-ing. go 1 have invntd rovers inflation.

Whati that? w tomand-

ed.

OLD RROIMOTEK .ADV.^NTEi# NEW KIND 01 INFI.AI ION

People are tired of old monetary iuiiation. the Old Pro-

The money 4^ lh mum, but goods hrittk. For loetaiic, under monetary inflation, Ih price of eggs has gone p from 29 cents to 79 onto a dosen over the years. But nixtor my system, th price at will always remain 79 cents. How-VM-. under rtroMe Inflatton, the eggs will gi smaller and, M necessary, th oount will shrink. Eleven, or perhaps ton, will make a doaea. The juice of a pound of hamburger will never change but the nowid will shrink from 18 to U or even 14 ounces.

Thats utterly fantastie! we

said.

. Fantastic? he gaeped. Look here, young fellow: Before World War n, the quart was the favorite size of bottles for distilled spirits. Now the fifth to the standard, and the price to more than doubled. Isnt that reverse inflation and classic Infiation at the Munc time?