f ACE FOURM DAILY REFLCCTOIL GREENVIUJL N. C

FMmy, ScptcmWr 2, I960

Friduy, September 2, 1960

Hes Mighty Hard TPin Down

Just Look How The College Grows!

The record-breaking freshman class of approximately 2,000 students that has descended upon East Carolina College this is further concrete e\idence of the growing demands being made upon the institution and increasing need for more physical facilities that

must be met ^ ,

It was a relatively few years ago that the total enrollment of East Carolina was considerably less than 2,000 figure, and when the enrollment reached that level must local people felt a real mileestone had been reached. Certainly the college by then had grown far beyond what many early proponents of the school had

dared imagined. .

Now, with this years freshman class numbering more than the student body did a decade ago, East Carolinas total enrollment this fall is expected to go to a new record high as it has done each year since World War II.

The record number of students entering Bast Carolina t^is fail suggests a number of circumstances which exist. Certainly it is indicative of the desire of a constantly increasing number of youngsters from throughout the state to attend East Carolina in preference to other schools. It is indicative of a growing general desire on the part of young people to gain a college education rather than to end their formal education upon graduation from high school. Also, it is indicative of better economic conditions over this and other sections of the state which makes it possible for an increasing number of youngsters to be able to afford to go to college.

Although there are some people in hiorth Carolina who feel East Carolina has grown too rapidly and

I

Special January Session Arauec.

By LYNN NISBET

SPECIAL SESSION The ar-aument over adyistbillty of holding a special session (rf the 1961 General AssemWy early in January goes (m apace, with pros and cons about egually divided. Ri|^ now it appears that advocates of tbe special session are in majorttf. The problem arises from conflicting provisions of the COTstitution, and a statutory requirement not entirely In keeidng with either.

The constitura aaya the term of the Governor shall begin on the first day of January following his election. It also saya that tiie Incumbent shall hold office until his successor has been sworn in. There is further provisicHi a Joint session of the General Assembly or before any Justice of toe Supreme Court-

Pursuant to constitutional amendment ratified in 1956 the General Assembly convenes in regular session on Wednesday after the first Mraday in Peb-ruary followiug election of its members In the previous November. A provision of the GenaS] Statutes is that the Govenn* shall take the oath of office at a J<dnt meeting of both branches of the General Assem-y on Thursday after the aes-kk)n convenes. That statutory inovisicm would have toe next Governor sworn in im PcteTiary f. whereas tbe constitutional term begins on January 1.

Another quirk Is that whUe State elective officers have starting tones of their tenure fixed ss January 1. and all of toem except judges hold over until successors sre qualified, toe terms of members of the General Assembly begin with their election, and there is no provision for incumbents to hold over. Therefore any special session called after the November election would be composed of toe newly electiwl legislators.

CHOICESIn view of these conflicting provisions, Terry Banfordwho is about as certain as death and taxes to be toe next Governorhas choice of two courses of his own volition. He can have the oath of ^fice as Governor administered by any Supreme Court Justice on <: any tone after January 1 in a private cocmony aod take over as chief executive; (H-, he can wait until February 9 to take toe oath as prescribed by statute.

The third alternative, which requires cooperatom of the incumbent Governor and Council of State, is to have a special session of the General Assembly called around the first of January of inauguraUon ceremonies In keeping with tradition. Sanford has Indicated de

sire to have that' done, and Oovamor Hodges has indicated willingness to go along with the plan. Pinal decision will not be made until after the November election.

ADVANTAGES Sanford has said he does not want a special session unless there is hope that it will accomplish s<Hnething more than merely witnessing his oath-taking. Others have suggested that toe special session might enact a law changing the meeting time of toe regular session to merge the two into one continuous op-eratiwi. That would establish new precedent.

There is precedent for a special session to elect presiding officers, clerks, etc., and complete w(Hking (Uganizations of the House and Senate before the regular session convenes. That was done at a special session of the 1937 Assembly, held in Deconbcr of 1936, when Gregg Cherry was elected Speaker and other officers named, so that whn the members came back for work in January they had these preliminaries out of the way.

OFFICERS Cloyd Philpott, certain to be elected Lieutenant Governor, wUl be president of the Senate. Presently it appears likely that Sen. Lunsford Crew of Halifax will be named president pro tern without opposition. Rep. Joe Hunt of Guilford appears a shoo-in for Speaker of toe House. These presiding officers will have several appointments to make, which cannot be officially made until after their formal elections. Also both branches must elect principal clerks, reading clerks and sergeants-at-arms who in turn will have subordinate appointees to name. Getting all this preliminary organ-izaticmal stuff out of the way before the regular session convenes will have as much time as the special session would require and in toe long run probably save money for the taxpayers.

PIBCE-MEAL The current confusion over meeting date for tbe Assembly and terms of officers stems from piece-meal amendments of the constitution clmnging some provisions without consideration of effect on others. And the habit-of the Legislature enacting laws without much regard to con^jtl-tutional provisions.

The hassle over inauguration date for the new Governor may serve a good purpose in focusing attention on this rather careless attitude of legislature in the past, and stimulate popular sentiment for bringing the constitution up to date.

The Daily Reflector

INCORPORATED

Published Every Afternoon Except Sundlf EsUblished 1882 DAVID JUUAN WHICHARD. Publtolifr

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too large, it is evident that the college must continue to grow as the influx of new studenta increases with each passing year. It has been evident too in recent years that as East Carolina has grown in terms of enrollment, it has likewise mde important atrides from the standpoint of affording a better calibre of instruction for the students. Continued improvements in the academic standards of the college must be made just as the physical facilities are expanded to.meet the increasing number of students.

As one of the largest and the'fastest growing institutions of higher learning in North Carolina, ECC must continue to be afforded the facilities with which to meet the demands made upon it as it assumes an increasingly larger portion of the responsibility for providing higher education for the youth of the state.

Tax Bills Underscore Local Government Role

r April has become the traditional time of year when most people become tax-conscious. It is, of course, the month in which individuals are required to file their federal and state income tax returns.

In late August and early September, however, a good many Pitt Countians give thought to the cost of local government when they receive their annual ad valorem tax notices.

This year, as. has been the practice for the past several years, Pitt County has mailed with its tax notices a breakdown of how the tax dollar is spent.

Those who take time to read the leaflet enclosed in their tax notice may get a better undenitanding of what portion of each tax dollar goes for the various county operations.

They likewise get a comparative schedule of the special school tax rates that prevail in the 13 separate school districts of the county. ^

The breakdown of how the tax dollar in Pitt By ALVIN TAYLOR Countyis spent may not'help ease the blow of getting the annual tax notice, but at least it gives the interested citizen information on county expenditures that he might otherwise overlook. It also solicits greater active interest of the individual citizen in county government vanrx,

and carries an offer to furnish additional information nett, the hermit^ho ved i on the countys fiscal matters on request. an old bus body at toe city

Generally speaking, the greater interest individ-ual citizens take in the affairs of their local govern-

ment, the better the local government becomes. ruary in the^>ay Reflector

and popen across the state Bennett had been told to move city officials to make way for a million dollar sewage disposal plant. .

WeU, "work has b^un on the plant DOW and I learn that Bennett waa finally moved from the property. But It took months to do it.

City officials didnt push him, of course, because they knew it would be some time before the property was actually needed for plant construction. They even went so far as to build an industrial fence around the site lesvtog it opea where toe o3d mans bus blocked tbe way.

Finally it developed that scara were found on the 82-year-old Bennetts lungs and he was persuaded io go to a sani-torium for a complete check-up.

RefrMawwisla

Aftermath Of A Story

?romoting further Strains

By JAMES MARLOW

WASHINGTON (AP) Ha Soviet Premier Nikita Khrushchev decided to create a crisis in the midst of the American presidential campaign and freeze the cold war colder than it hgs been for years?

Last May. after he had torpedoed the summit conference with President Eisenhower in Paris. Khrushchev indicated he would do just the opposite.

1. He would wait six or eight -monthsfw toe election of a new presidentbefore seeking another summit meeting, this time with Eisenhowers successor.

2. In that time he would not try to force a showdown on West Berlin.

He said; We will not do anything that might aggravate tot intemationai situaticm and bring It back to the worst times of toe cold war.

But this week two things happened Just about at the same tone.

1. Khrushchev criticized both Vice President Richard M. Nixon and Sen. John P. Kennedy. He called them both lackeys of monopoly capital.

Since one of these two men will be toe next president, Khrushchev has deliberately by this kind of insult added difficulty to having a summit meeting with cither of them.

2. The Communists suddenly set up a limited blockade of West Berlin, and turned back many West German visUors seeking to reach the city by road and rail. They said it would continue through Monday.

Khrushchev has thrown insults repeatedly at Nixon. The best-remembered one came when President Eisinhower said he might let Nixon sit in for awhe at the summit meeting which was never hld.

Khrushchev said that would be like sending the goat to take care of toe cabbage.

But he had never cut loose at Kennedy until now. He said his ^new appraisal was to put an end to talk that I fav(v me presidential candidate and not the other. But its possible the Kremlin has decided not to try ^for a summit meeting at all and intends instead to try to grab West Berlin.

The people of that city, 100 miles inside Communist East Germany, give their allegiance to

West Germany and the Western Allies. Yet, an travel between the East and West Borlin has to move through or over East Germany.

The presence of Western forces in Berlin has been a sore spot with toe Communists since toe end of World War n. Joseph Stalin tried to end that situation with a blockade in 19^. but the blockade was broken by tbe Western airlift. He could not at that time risk war by shooting down the airlift.

The Soviet Union at toe time was in no poeition to try war

City officials seized upon this as an opportune time to clear the dilapidated bus body and the shacks he had built for his chickens from the munich>al property. So his personal. property was sorted out and the rest of the Junk was pushed from whence most of it came back in the. city dump.

This might seem underhanded, but it must be remembered that Bennett, a rugged individualist, had resisted efforts to move him from the property which clearly belonged to the city. In addition furtber delay could have held up the big sewage plant project.

For lack of any place to keep them, the city told off Bennetts flock of chickens. The money was turned in to the clerk of court who eventually gave it to Bennett.

Bennett, as it turned out. was pronounced healthy at the aan-itorium and returned to Green-vle.

He came back cleaned up and feeling very well, Junius

Other Editors Saying Raise A Warning Signal

superior

Soviets have hydrogen weapons and missiles.

The West could not without taking the chance of seeing iU alliance'fall apart make

(DaUas Times Herald)

Record taxes paid to federal, state and local government last year ought to cause every one

any agreement with the Soviet^ us to stop and think. Just

Unicto to turii West Berlin ov to the Communists. But the Reds, with their present strength, could risk a blockade.

Ih the face of such action, if the West backed down. West Berlin wpuld disappear behind the Iron Curtain. Whether Khrushchev has decided to have a showdown now is. still not clear.

But Wednesday.' Communists commanding entnr to West Berlin turned back many would-be visitors from the West.

The Reds contend they are tiring to keep potential agitators s way from Communist East Berlin during W^t Berlin meetings of people who formerly lived in East Germany. This sounds pretty thin.

Quote,,.

It's good to hear news of an increase in Red jamming activity. It seems to be tantamount to an admission of U.S. successes or Soviet reverses. New Orleans States-Item.

how high can we afford for taxes to climb? And is there any reason why we should allow them to cUmb to the maximum height we can bear? Last year Americans paid a record 100 billion dollars in taxes to all levels of government, according to Bureau of tbe Census figures Just released. Thats an increase of 1.6 biUion dollars over last years taxes.

It means that last year every man. woman and child in the United States paid an average of $567.04. Thats the average. It doesnt take into consideration the number of non-wage earners or others who paid little or no taxes last year. Nor does it take into consideration the fact that a very large part of our population paid far more than the average rate.

An average family of four persons paid $2.286.18 in taxes in 1959. your.own income tax return showed a smaller figure than that dont be too quick to congratulate yourself. Thats only one tax you paid. Dont forget the state, county and school taxes you paid. And dont forget the gasoline tax you paid, either. That was 9 cents

on every gallon of gasoline you used. Don't forget the selective sales taxes on all sort of luxury items, from tires to cosmetics, or on such things as hotel rooms.

The truth of the matter is that you probably paid a lot more taxes than you realize. Taxes in this countiy last year amounted to 26 per cent of the total personal income. Our gross national productthe total of goods and services producedlast year was 485 billion dollars. More than 21 per cent of this amount was paid out in taxes.

Why?Partly because of old government debts on which were paying the interest as well as pricipal. Many of these debts were toe result of our national defense effort during World War n and afterwardbut not all of them. Partly because of government waste at all levels. Partly because weve kept on adding government services at various levelsthings you and 1 as individuals used to go for ourselves.Partly because of aid to other countries.

There is a breaking point in our tax structure. We have not found exactly where it is as yet. But it has often been said that no nation has existed very long after its taxes reach 25 per cent of its total income.

"Its h*n a longer summer than we had thought, judging by the way it has aged Jack Kennedy in the eyes of his former critics within the party. Jacksonville Times-Union.

SimplY

No Such

ihing

S. Grimes, superintendentof the Pitt Welfare Department aid. Bennett was placed with a family north of the river. Last week he came to the Welfare office and said he had made arrangements to live with a family in the southern end of town. He seemed to be feeling very we and was in mimh better shape than he was out there (at the city dump), Grimes said. After all the rumblings, he seemed to be kind of glad that this had been tome.

Bennett still receives welfare payments as be did when he Uved at the city dump. At that time the payment was $31 a month, but Grimes said this had been alightly Increased since his expenses living in a private home are m<Ha.

Public Forum-

To The lautoc: '

Id like to thank R.M. Helms and to endorse his luxiteat the indiscriminate destruction of Greenvilles trees; I am also heartily in faviH* of his suggestion that toe mayor appoint a committee to advise on the safeguarding of such natural beauties as remain.

Physical imjwovemente axul progress in gooeral art all very well, but thaw are other values, and toe city administration ought to show some regard for them.

I am sure good many Greenville citizens feel as Mr. Helms does, enough of them to make an impression on the politicians.

Though it is true that Joyce Kilmers tsrpe of thinking is no longer fashionable, it is also still true that, while anyone with pnmer equipment can destroy, only God can make a tree. Perhaps, then, in protecting our trees we are only showing respect for Gods work.

Mrs. Belle Heame Harris

Opinions In Brief

ernment in her days of grandeur, declined and fell befcnw barbaric hordes.* Todays Communist riots in Italy demonstrate that barbarians are still on toe rampage. Charleston News and Coux^r.

By 6EORGK K. BOiOLSKT Cwriflti, mt,

KImg rombtrm indicate, lac.

A imraae, national purpose, comes into being and R is immediately pteked up until it grows aged and outworn. But today, everybody uses this pflvase, even the candidates for the PresideD^.

What can be meant by national purpose? It is as though we were A monolithie state, a hinnogcne-ous petH^de, with a single concept, let us say, of world conquest or o<mversely, ci world peace. But truth to tell, we are not like that at aU. We are a very mixed peale, of many origins, of diverse regional attitudes. of msny idess and purposes. The idea of a natimial purpose, of a national goal, of a national target is entirely novel to our people. Although there is a very firm statement of a national philosoihy. issued before we became a nation. Vice President Nixon takes his them# for tot nstomsl purpose from toe Pre-tmldt of the Constitution and ht states it to be:

From a more perfect union. XstabUsh.Justice. Insure domestic tranquility. Provide for the common defense. Promote toe general welfare. Secime tiie blessings of liberty for eur-selves and posterity.

The ftist of these, Form a more perfect union. Is not transcendental. We fought the War Between the State to solve that problem by demonstrating that'a state once it became part of the United States could not leave it. During the Roosevelt Administration, some of the New Dealers thought that states might Just as well be abolished and the country divided into ratiopal regions.'Nothing cams of that.

As, for the next four idess. all i^vemments hold to them more or lees, even the moat unsatisfactory (fictatorshlps. However, there are many different views as to what is good for the people because nobody really is sure. For instance, Harry Hopkins picked on the phrase. Promote the general welfare and tried to establish a social workers welfare state, in which each individual would be looked after trom the cradle to toe grave The looking after would be <kme by a vast horde of bureaucrats who would contrtrt toe lives of the* people.

As for the blessings of Mberty. we are witnessing now toe excesses to whtoh those who are not ready for liberty can go. Cuba and Congo are only toe worst examples. Liberty without responsibility, duty, respect, self-restratnt am reacfily become anarchy.

A much better guide for an American is toe PreamMe to the Declaration of Independence which includes two basie propositions:

1. That every pe<^le is entitled to a government oi its own choice:

2. That man is ondowtd with unsliehsble rights which are his by toe grace of naturos god and natures law.

The Declaration of Independence is written in philosiopliic terms. Its appeal is universal. It is noi limited to any mis country or any one peoide. It speaks in humanistic language but associates itself with the Natural Law which is Gods revelation of a lawful and orderly lilt to man.

If the United States has g purpose. this then is Its purpose, to estsUish toat by aoetpting the Natural Law man can live in liberty In an orderly and lawful society; that nsti(H]s need not be governed by tyrants or dictators or kings or even by democratic metoods, but toat each people that sets Itself up ss an ihdependent state hss toe right to devise and select its own form government and that no other natioi has t right in a decent world to interfere with tiiat choice.

Most of those who have written on toe natkmal purpose have avoided discMting the subject altogether. Between toe War of 1812 and toe Dred Scott Decision, this country was moving in the direetimi of nationalism. But the War Between toe States eatalished that tos oriclnsl concept of Federalism stiu pcevail-ed in many minds. This.idsa is currently called states rights, and is being rejuvenated in toe South over toe Negro question.

Tht balance between the^ states and toe Fedral Oovem-(Continued m pgt five)

Potential Wave Of The Future?

UNITED

WAT

Strength For Today

By EARL L. DOUGLASS WAITING TO BE USED

We live in a power age. One of the measurements of power is the term "horse power. Yet how far we have advanced beyond horse power, or even simple and primitive forms of power which meant a great deal to the world a hundred years ago or more.

Steam motive power and electricity gave us a new industrial age. Then came toe Intomal combustion engine. Now we have rockets and atomic powered engines. What this will reach up into during the next few decades no one can tell. But we have in the past fifty years released and uUIi7cd more sources of power than the human race has known anything atx>ut

dui'ing the whole of its history.

All this, of course, is power in the physical realm. There is also mental power, and this has been manifesting itself In great human achievements through the ages. But there is spiritual power also. This would seem to be nothing that we generate but something toat we very decidedly receive. We get spiritual power by the di:ipllne of prayer. Bible reading, meditation, and good works. Nothing enables us so to keep and develop spiritual power as the energetic attempt day after day to live a life of loving, helpful service.

The universe 1* full of power, all at oiu* dlsposaL The greatest power is spiritual power It comes to those whose hearts and minds are ready to receive and use it.

By ELMER ROE.SSNER

The International Ladies Garment Workers Union has put forth a proposal that may become one of the waves of the future.

The uiiiODit is not made up of ladles but of men and women who make garments for, excuse the expression, ladies wants a fund set up from which severance and supplemental unemployment payments are to be made.

The garment industry Is a drop-dead buslne.ss. While thej -are many firms that have prospered through -three generations. many others come and go. A genius will bring out a dramatic new idea in womens wear. Hell spread into half a dozen lofts, add hundreds of workers and make a million. But the next year his Idea (Who ever wanted butterflies en elbows anyway?) will be dead. Creditors will carve up the remaining assets; there may not be enough for promised severance pay or unemployment benefits.

ILGWUS CHILD ABORNING

The situation is not confined to the garment trades. It often occurs in construction, where builders wUl set up new companies for each new housing development or major construction Job. Indeed, some union in the building trades have plans similar to that of the ILGW.

The ILGWU has been stitching and sewing on its plan since May. 1959. At that time a committee was set up to draw up a plan and it is now ready for presentation to employers.

The plan provides that each employer would make regular payments to the fund in accordance with his payroll. Employers contributions would total about $6.000.000 a year. The fund would make all severance and supplemental unemployment! payments.

The employer would be free of liability for those payments v employees would not have to depend on the solvency of their employers for thrlr aet-lost pay. MAY AFFECT OTHER

.CONTRACTS

Present ILGWU contracts run until February, 1961, so there will be Uttle excitement on this front for a while. Meanwhile, it is certain that the idea will be discussed by other unions and by other employers.

The idea is adaptable to many industries. Employees often suffer the most when a business fails. In most cases, they have the first claim after taxes on remaining assets, but there is always a delay in collecting and sometimes assets will not cover claims.

Some unions insist employers establish funds to meet such obligations. Thi$ rqay involve union audit of .company books, which no employer likm.

An unemployment fund would not only solve this problem but would give toe employer peace of mind. Few businessmen. no matter how much risk they may be wiHlng , to take themselves, want their employes.! to lose benefits they are entitled to; few would want their own failure to be thrust upon

their employees.

There is. of course, one possible objection to Industry^wlds funds. Companies that art highly solvent and which have Uttle employee turnover may protest that they are being penalised at toe expense of shaky firms with high turnover. This objection might be met bj giving lower unemployment tax rates to companies with such records.

NOTBS ON FRODUCl ABOUND THE WORLD The world crop of sunflower seeds this year will be close to the record crop of 195$. The 1959 crop was down 25 per eent, the Fi^lgn Agrieultural Service reports. . .The worlds almond crop this year is down a third from last year. . . Despite t drop in United 8ts.tes pro-ducUop, the 1959-60 orange crop will be toe Igrgest In history. . . World wool' production is expected to set s new record this year. The Soviet Union, Uruguay and New Zealand account for most of the expected rise.