FACE FOURTHE DAILY REFLECTOR, GREENVILLE, N. C.

Thursday, Aufust 25, 1560

Thursday, August 25, 1960

Glaring Hole In Fire Protection

There is a gJaring hole that should be filled in the expanding network of volunteer fire departments growing up to afford fire protection in rural areas of Pitt County.

Most pressing, it seems to us, is the need for a department of some sort to serve the area immediately surrounding^^ Greenville, but outside the corporate limits of the city. The move now underway by volunteer firemen of Greenville to acquire a truck to serve this area is one that Could fill the need and one which deserves local support.

Throughout Pitt County there has grown up in recent years an impressive group of volunteer fire departments to serve rural areas in various parts of the county. Through their services, these departments have prevented the loss of a significant amount of property that otherwise would have been consumed by fire.

There remains, however, an important area immediately around Greenville Hhat has no fire protection at all.

It cannot be ?er\*ed by the municipal fire department of Greenville because of a ruling by the fire underwriters who said fire insurance rates within the city would be increased if city personnel and equipment w'ere used to protect rural areas. At present,

Would Do Wei.

lo leii Juaaes

By LYNN NISBET

TELL IT TO THE JDGE-Rep. Cb'de Harris of Rowan thinks the administrators of correctional institutions ought to do a better job of telling it to the judge. At each of the correctional schools visited by the Advisory Budget Commission he forcefully suggested that the officials in charge should more adequately acquaint the juvenile court judges with peculiar conditions and problems at their institutions. He repeated that admomtion at Central Prison with respect to letting superior court judges know more about prison problems.

If judges of superior and recorder courts fully understood the problemsand the futility involved in 3d-day sentences, they would be more inclined to give longer term.s, thus enabling the prison to do a better job of rehabilitation, reduce repeater.s and in other ways save money to the taxpayers while giving more help to the prisioners. Another result of better understanding might be more extensive use of probation, with further contribution to the rehabilitation process and money saving.

Short termers. 30 to 90 days, often come back several times. One term of a year or more would not add to their total prison time, but would save a lot of energy and money for the prison in processing admission and discharge.

If juvenile court judges had fuller knowledge of conditions at the correctional schools they would not commit delinquents of too low mentality to respond to training, or of such marked criminal proclivity as to demoralize the whole school.

Harriss thinks a lot of the problems could be solved through mutual understanding of responsibility in its broad sense. He suggests that the correctional schools and prisons should ask for time at the conferences of the judges to explain their programs.

QUALIFICATIONS Prison Du-ector George Randall and the Advisory Budget Commission were discussing the upgrading of prison guards. It was agreed that the present long hour days and weeks tend to decrease efficiency, as well as discourage qualified men to seek the jobs. Shorter workweeks and higher pay are both seeded to get suitable personnel. On the point of what constitutes maximum qualifications, Randall came up w'ith the observation that it is just as bad to have an overqualified man as to have one underqualified, from the viewpoints of education and social standing. Very few men capable of being college presidents would make good prison guards, he said.

Randall made another interesting comment. I am not a prohibitionist," he said, but my experiences on the parole

commission and as head of the prison system have convinced me that 90 percent or more of the people who come to prison owe their troubles directly or indirectly to alcohol. For that reason he thinks the proposed alcoholic center is perhaps the most important item in the capital improvements program.

He also thinks a psychiatric hospital, not asked for now, is very much needed. There are many borderline cases among prisoners, who are not quite sick enough mentally to pass the entrance examination in f regular mental hospital, but who cannot be rehabilitated wdthout understanding of their psychiatric condition and perhaps some mental treatment. The hospital idea is not far enough advanced to have estimates of cost, but it will probably run well above a million dollars. The prison folks feel sure it would be a good long range investment, but they admit profits would be intangible.

MORE ROADS?A group of men were trying to organize a party for a rather long trip across the state by pooling automobiles and passengers. It doesnt make sense, they

agreed, to clutter the highways with empty automobile.^. Certainly not, quipi>ed M e I Broughton, chairman of the highway commission. Besides that makes people want more roads.

NEW MAP Stephens Press at Asheville has just produced a new visitors map of Great Smoky Mountains National Park. It is easier to read and under-.stand than most such mapsbut Just as difficult to refold into original compactness. Publisher George Stephens advises that in the near" future a similar new style map of Kerr Reservoir will be published.

CONVENTIONS It is becoming increasingly difficult for big groups to find facilities for holding conventions. The trend for some years has been toward building motels and motor courts, rather than hotels. Some of the older convention hotels are leasing lobby and meetihg hall space for,business offices. One fellow comes up with this idea: Let a group of motel operators. with aggregate bedroom capacity for several hundred guests in close proximity, form a separate corporation to build a convention hall with facilities for big meetings and banquets. Guests at Individual motels would have use of these facilities through contractual arrangement of their host motel with the common center, on much the same basis as big hotel guests use the meeting halls and eating places. It will take some doing to work out details, but the proposition seems to be worth investigating. iSSm ......... 1 iiaiTiiTi

The Daily Reflector

INCORPORATED

Published Every Afternoon Except Sundftjr Established 1882 DAVID JULIAN WHICHARD, Publtoher

Entered at Post Office, OreemrlUe, N 0.. m mild **nr matter.

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there^is no volunteer department with equipment that serves the area.

Until a few yfears ago when pressure of the fire underwriters was increased, equipment from the Greenville fire department answered calls from various rural sections of the county. When the city could no longer send its trucks to rural fires throughout the count.v, volunteer departments in various rural communities began to spring up. Now that* city fire trucks are prohibited from venturing except to go to the aid of another municipality, the rural area around Greenville is mostly without fire protection.

Greenvilles volunteer firemen have indicated their willingness to answer calls in the area if they have equipment to use. More than that, they have made plans to launch a program to acquire such equipment if property owners in the unprotected area desire fire protection. It is a move which will fill an important need in the overall rural fire protection for Pitt County, and one which deserves the support of people in the area which would be served by the volunteer department.

Indicative Of A Solid Demand For Tobacco

Opening of Eastern Belt tobacco markets this week, while it brought no spectacularly high averages for early offerings indicated a solid demand for the golden leaf, good opening prices and the promise of one of the best seasons the belt has seen in several years.

Throughout the belt farmers appeared pleased with prices brought by their tobacco. The opening days average of $56.9^ for the 12,000,000 pounds of tobacco sold on 17 markets was up 20 cents per hundred from the average price paid for 10million pounds on opening day on the belt last year. Considering the fact that offerings on the opening days sales this year were viewed as below those offered last year, plus the fact the average was slightly higher suggests a strengthening of prices as the season progresses.

There is also the weight factor which is important to the growers, and this year there is an estimated 20 to 30 per cent more tobacco than was the case last year when July rains brought the average pounds per acre to one of its lowest levels in recent years.

It is significant that the Greenville market sold more tobacco on'Opening day than any other market in the belt, and that it likewise paid out over a million dollars Tuesday to farmers.

A million dollar day on a tobacco market is un-u.sLial even for the largest markets of the belt of which Greenville is one. For the local market to hit the magic figure on the opening day of the season holds out the hope that million dollar days on the local market this year wil] become more frequent than in the past.

All-in-all. the opening of the tobacco market seemed to follow in line with earlier predictions that this will l)e one of the best seasons in recent years for the farmers of Eastern North Carolina.

His Own Party Heloed Defea

Contour Plowing

i'i-V*'

By HAL BOYLE

The Executives Secret

NEW YORK (AP)-TJie average man today doesnt want to be a boss.

Ask him why. and he will probably say: Too much responsibility, too many ulcers. You never get the job off your mind. It kills you young. Id rather have less pay, less worry and live longer.

This picture of the modern business executive as a harried, ulcer-riddled, tension-ridden individual who works around the clock and succumbs early from a heart attack has become as much a part of popular folklore as Cinderella or Little Red Riding Hood.

Bosses have done little to dispel this highly fictional portrait of themselves. After all, it flatters them and impresses the public. Why quarrel with It?

But what is the actual truth about American Industrial leaders? Are they really dollar-mad robots who wreck their lives blindly slaving for a corporation god?

No, indeed! Not by their own testimony.

A recent issue of U S, News it World Report carried some results of a poll of 6,000 U.S. executives made by Dr. Harry J. Johnson, head of the Life Extension Foundation.

Dr. Johnson found:

'Other Editors Saying Why Man Must Produce

NATIONAL ADVtTRTIAING REPKF8KNTATIVKS Thomas F Clark Co Inc New York Chicago Atlanta Member Auait Bureau of Circulation,

All advertislng copy must tk received at leaat ona day befort pubilcatloB (IM.

By JAMES MARLOW

WASHINGTON (AP> - Sen. John F. Kennedy has put himself in an awkward spot.

The Democratic presidential candidate argued Tuesday that if the medical care bill he favored failed to passDemocrats could make it an issue in the campaign.

But he may have trouble making it pay off, for two reasons;

1. He suffered a smashing defeat. The Kennedy-backed proposal was beaten .'51-44 in the Senate where the Democrats outnumber the Republicans 66-34.

2. He was defeated because 19 members of his own party. Southern Democrats, turned their backs on him and teamed up with 32 Republicans to kill the proposal.

Last July In Los Angeles the Democratic convention approved a campaign platform plank calling for medical-care-for-the-aged program under the Social Security system and paid for by a slight boost in the Social Security tax.

This was the kind of program supportecf Tuesday by Kennedy and his vice-presidential running male. Sen. Lyndon B, Johnson, leader of the Senate Democrats.

Kennedy threatened to make this kind of program a campaign issue by warning the Republicans if they ganged up to kill it then I think we should take the matter to the people of this country.

But how is he going to make it a campaign issue now by blaming the proposals defeat on the Republicans when 19 members of his own party joined the Republicans to administer the defeat?

Since the Kennedy-backed plan was defeated 51-44, if only four of the 19 Southerners who joined 32 Republicans in killing the mea.sure had voted with Kennedy, the final tally would have

been 48-47 in favor of it.

Since it was his fellow Democrats who made repudication of the platform promise possible, Kennedy will Have a difficult time arguing that a Democratic victory in November will mean the platform promise can be carried out at all.

Maybe it was just a bad day for presidential candidates anyway.

Earlier Tuesday a different kind of medical care program for the aged backed by Vice President Richard M. Nixon, the Republicans presidential candidate, was als6 defeated.

The vote on that one was 67-28, with not one Democrat supporting it. In fact, five Republicans deserted Nixon to go along with 62 Democrats,to beat it.

At the end of the politically tormented day the Senate finally rammed throughby a 91-2 votea bill to make some medical provisions for needy old people. The two who voted against even this measure were Sens. Strom Thurmond, a South Carolina Democrat, and Barry Gold water, Arizona Republican,

In the Kennedy-backed proposal which was defeated, only one Republican, Sen. Clifford Case of New Jersey, joined 43 Democrats in voting for it. Otherwise the Republicans 32 of them on the floor at the me voted solidly against it.

This was a kind of political tit-for-tat, paying back that completely solid Democratic vote against the Nixon-backed proposal.

While 19 Southern Democrats were voting against Kennedy, by teaming up with the Republicans. only four Southern Democrats voted on his side.

They were: Sens. Albert Gore and Estes Kefauver of Tennessee and Sen.s. Lyndon John.son and Ralph Yarborough of Texas.

(Continued on Page 7)

(Colorado Spring*, Colo., Gazetie*Tolegraph)

Now that Congress again is proposing to increase the minimum wage from %l to $1.25 an hour, it might be timely to try to get more people to understand why each man must produce his own wages if we are to have full employment and more rapid increase in our standard of living.

It seems to us that this is true because it is simple arithmetic. It is simple arithmetic that you cannot divide up more than is produced, and if *ny person gets more than he produces, then some other producer must get less than he produces. This also is just simple arithmetic.

When a man believes he must produce his own wages, then that man will be more inclined to produce more so that his reward will be greater. If he believes, however, that he does not need to produce his own wages but can have his wages established by law or by flat or by threats of injury to others if they do not grant him his demands, then he does not seem to comprehend that each and every man must produce his own wages.

It is difficult for the young person going to work to realize that he mcst produce his own wages when he has been trained by teachers who believe that it is fair and just and right for them to have their wages established by lawthat is, by force rather than on a voluntary basis where both parties believe they are benefited.

Many years ago we had this kind of training when people \(ere closer to nature. They realized they couldnt harve.st a crop that wasn't produced. They realized that business was just an exchange if the products of labor, and if one man got more by fraud or force than what he produced others must get less.

A rancher explained to the writer how each man must produce his own wages in tliis manner: He said the rancher who hired a man to produce the crop increased the value of the crop when he prepared the land, sowed the seed, cultivated and harvest it, bringing it that much nearer to the market; that all this added to the value of the crop, while the rancher, of course, would have to wait until the crop was sold before he got his money. But this does not change the fact that all workers must produce their own wages if were to have full employment.

Since most parents who have been trained in schools and colleges never read and understand the Last Tablet of the Decalogue or the Declaration of Independence, they do not train their children to believe In these great moral guides of human relations.

So when people believe that men need not produce their own w'ages it is natural for them to vote for a congressman who will arbitrarily establish a minimum W'age, that injures everybody. It injures everybody, because when wages are higher than what a man produces that man is out of a job and it is certainly the grossest kind of injustice not to take care of that man. And thus everybody has to be taxed to take care of the man who is put out of a job because of the belief that real wages can be established by force.

Of course, it is difficult to measure what each man produces when people believe in pensions that make It Impossible for the employer to estimate the true value of the man's production, when he has to add an unknown reserve to take care of the pensions. Pensions are just a result of the belief that wages can be established by flat.

Any questions on the subject?

'Perhap.s this is to be the year of indecision. Nothing ever came of the other kind, either. Gastonia Gazette.

Executives worked an average of only S5 hours a week.

They worked only five days a week, just as do most union members.

Only 30 per cent took office work home with them, and these averaged, only 4^ hours a week at it.

In three cases out of four, executive fatigue came from boredom rather than overwork.

About 73 per cent of the executives were In good health, and as a group they suffered from ulcers or heart attacks no more than their underlings in the same age bracket.

Only 13 per cent complained they were under undue tension from their work.

The corporation executive, however does differ from the ordinary business employe in one significant way.

"He can afford to dissipate- the lower-salaried fellow cant, said Dr. Johnson. We have found that executives get too little sleep; 77 per cent of executives averaged seven hours or less of sleep per night.

His opinion is that all most executives need is to get anoth er hours sleep a night, take a 16-minute walk three times a day. and maybe lose a Uttle weight.

The next time anyone offers you a |50,000*a-year executive post, dont shrug him off like an ingrate. Accept his offer.

The hours are short, the fringe benefits art wonderful, you'll live just as long and think how much fun your wife can have spending all that money!

Opinions

!n Brief

'A good way to get rid of unwanted guests is to turn off the air conditioner.The Chicago Daily Tribune.

"Khrushchev says he wants to see the red flag of communism flying over the whole world before he dies. He ihould live so long.Fort Myers (Fla.) News-Press.

Why should the United States, the greatest steel producer in the world, need any Imports from abroad? Obviously, it doe.sntbut foreign prices are lower and quality has improved vastly.Portland Oregonian.

Wealth Is Our Problem

By GEORGE E. 80K0LSKY Copyrtfkt. 1W6# Feature*

Syadicatc, Inc.

Some of our younger thinkers are wondering whether abundance is all tiat it is cracked up to be. Their generation has not known real scarcity, that is, povertythe lack o< the essentials of life. Three generations back, the grandparents of those who are now debating whether abundance is not more ev than scarcity, whether abundance is temporary and security permanent, knew poverty. They knew when a dollar a day and a full dinner pail was a political slogan; they remember when Samuel Gompers fought for the eight-hour day M a natural right. They recall shoes sold In cities for $1.50 a pair and they said that the soles were made of paper. They remember when oranges were seen only during the Christmas season and they were small and spotted. They knew a world without telephones or autofo-blles. I recall the first automobile I ever saw. I never knew what a radio was until 1930 because I lived in a country which , up to that time had no radio.*^

The term, scarcity, in modem sociological and economic parlance does not quite mean what it says. There is no scarcity. There is. in fact, too much of everything. The existing machines can stamp out more than the human race could consume. There is a Umit to the number of razor blades that on person can use; there Is a limit to the number of steaks that one person can Mt.

The major problem that faces our age. Is not. the product of the machine, whether it b the industrial or the agricultural machineit is the distribution of the wealth of the world. The stockpiling of $7,-000,000.000 of agricultural commodities in this country makes no sense. The total stockpile held by the United States government of all commodities amounts t<j over $15,000,000,000. Either we find a way to distribute what is produced or we should cease to produce an excess. It is not abundance or wo should cease to produce an excess. It is not abundance to produce what Is not used. It is sinful to produce potatoes and dye them so that they cannot b used for human consumption.

It is ridiculous to store wheat In the holds of rusting ships while in other parts of the world there is starvation. And when there is no starvation,, what is the excuse for scrplus production?

This is as true of automobiles as of wheat, of childrens toys as of butter. We waste land; we waste natural resources; we waste minerals and metals whert we produce more thkn can b marketed. When economic nationalism becomes destructiv by setting up barriers to the movement of the necessities of life, then there is no rational abundance. Josephs ever-last^ inf granaries did not last longer than those of Henry Wallace.

In due course, the land choked on its plenty and resorted to ^avery to absorb its labor.

Another factor that enters this picture is good taste, which is only common sense. A person might eat 5,000 calorics a day but not 30.000 with safety. A Oerson might eat a one-pound steak at a meal but not 10 pounds. Most American major illnesses are alimentary; we eat and drink too much and without taste. The rise of such illnesses as diabetes and some of the heart ailments are due to the assumption that because there is abundance, one must gorge.

Sonllarly, the current concept that it is necessary to chang!^ a car, to get a ner refriger-ator, to own the best hi-fi set, etc., Is a mark neither of taste nor culture. It is not socnd economics because it reduces the thrift of the individual and encourages him to look forward to dependence. There are many side factors in this picture and one of the principal ones is the retirement of able - bodied, strong-minded, competent men at 62 or 75 when they are capable of doing their work excellently.

What the politicians call our senior citizen.^ are often men of experience, competence and capacity who are thrown off th assembly line by the calendar.

I think of Bernard Baruch, whose 90th birthday occurred (Continued on Page 7)

Nothing Left To Pay For War?

Strength For Today

Bv EARL L. DotlGLASS TRYING TO BLESS A GROUCH

Many of life's troubles are real, dreadfully real. But it is also true that many of them, and probably an increasing number each year, are due not to circumstances around abdut ur but to great conflicting motives and passions within our own hearts.

We hate others not because they do anything to incur our animo.sity, but jiwt because there b soniHhing in the nature ol tlie.^e people which riles us im* measurably; or because they make us ieel inferior; Or because they arouse our jeaGusy; or because their phlegmatic nautre.'^ ai(- a drug to our moi iuuinat#-cl dispositiuius; or because thtir up-and- coming ways exhaust

those of u* who like to fove through life slowly. We get at last that we ju.st cannot endure their presence. The recollections of them disturbs us, and their presence makes us grit our teeth and keep a resolute hold on our desire to speak our minds.

Snap out of It. if this is your falling What's the big idea? Do you think the world was made just for you? Are heaven and earth to bow down to the way you feel? When you have real tiouble, the world will pre.w to your door .with genuine words of sympathy; but nobody has any time to console a person who is always miserable hecau.se he Kick.s M'llcoulrol^ and wlu!.'. ix t> verted disp(NiUoii cau twist a grouch into a crusade.

By EL.MER KOESSNER

The Census Bureaus report ihLs week, that tlie total tax take In 1959 was more than $100 billion is shocking. It Is also frightening; if such a large part of Americas wealth is taken by taxes in time of peace, what is left may not be enough to support the national effort in war.

The total personal income last year was $383 3 billion. And be-caii.se all taxes are eventually passed back to those with personal income, the ^ tax bite amounted to mora than 26 par cent of the personal Income. 16 MINUTES AN HOUR

That means that every man, woman and child who works. Ifllior.s 16 rnimite.s out of every hour for the tax e.aters. Each works more than 10 hour* every week to meet the tax levies. And each works a Uttle more than 13 week.*? and two riay.s every jcar to kci p out of jaiP.

Ttie gross natiuiml product, the total of all goods and

services produced in the country last year, was $482.1 billion. Therefore more than a fifth of all we accomplished was taken over by vaiious levels of government.

And the total national income personal plus corporate and other incomewas $399.6 billion, which means that alnmst a neat quarter of the countrys earnings wis taken over by the tax collectors.

Many suppose that the largest or at least a largechunk of taxes is paid by corporations. Wrong!

The corporate tax rate is high, rurjilng up to 8T per cent of profits. Last year corporate pro-fils amounted to $47 billion, of which $'.3.2 billion was paid In taxes.

That's less than a quarter of the national tax billand every cent of it was pau^sed along to con luncrs.

DANGERS OF TAX MUKDEN

There are many dangers in

herent in the size of the tax bill. See;

1. The size of the levy will Increase public acceptance 01 the idea that it is morally right to evade taxes. In a number of foreign countries, tax evasion is socially acceptable: It Is becoming acceptable in this country. We may be approaching the situation experienced during Prohibition wsjien juries refused to convict open violators of the law.

2. Taxes beget spending. Federal, state and local authorities, noting that rising taxes have so far met only slight resistance, will be tempted to continua in-crcase.s, Note that in the few communitlc.x where taxpayers have rebelled asiainst unwarranted spending, officials have been quick to cut off frills. wa.ste. nepotism and cushy political jobs. Correction: They have been quick fo cut off frills and waste, but often they have hung on to nepoUsmlc and soft jobs.

3. Higher taxesand this Is dreadfully seriousmay weaken the will to resist in America. Once Americans are convinced that they are slaves of a tax-spending oligarchy, they will see little Incentive in fighting to preserve that obllgarchy. They will see a difference between the free enterprise system and the ^Communistic system, but more that taxes impose a slavish obedience of the public, the less dangerous will seem the Soviet type of slavery.

On Uie.(?th|ir hand, the American will give every cent h earns if needed to defend hU country, his family and his way of hie. But he will 'resist paying laxes lo kcp mayor.s* nephews in soft jtbs, lo Ijulld marble facades on school buildings, and to send politicians flying on lush trips around th world.

In .short: the national problem is uot taxes; it's tax speud-ins.