FACE FOUmTHE DAILY REFLECTOR. GREENVILLE, N. C.

Friday, July 15, 1950

Friday, July 15. 1U60

Fable Of The Little Frog

Democrats Gird For The Battle

The relatively cool early Southern reaction to late toward this goal. He surrounded himself with a Senator John F. Kennedys nomination as the Demo- team of able and devoted aides, he applied a singie-cratic partys candidate for the presidency is largely minded approach, and the results are in front of us.

rooted in the platform struggle waged earlier in the convention.

As a party standard-bearer it was possible to overlook and overcome those doubts as to the candidates age (for that is a relative thing), his wealth

Now that same organization, augmented by the resources of the national Democratic Party are all to be bent toward a victory in November.

The Kennedy camps political savvy was again demonstrated by the surprise coup of signing up Sena-

(for that is a necessary ingredient these days), his Lyndon Johnson as a running mate. That one de-rrligion (sortiething no candidate should be without), cisio its amazing accomplishment did more to

his geographic origins (after all, Massachusetts is one of the fifty states).

But when the shouting was over and done, some there were in Los Angeles who said the Kennedy tactics for victory had hurt their feelings.

It doesnt tally with the facts. For every Southern politician, who is worthy of the name and game, knows that you enter the arena to win. There are no laurel wreaths for running second; there is no point in running unless you intend to win; and chivalry, in this instance, is a poor virtue.

So why the complaints about a winners tactics?

feets chalk it up to a disgruntled few who didnt like being out-politicked by one they considered a rank amateur and found instead he was a first-class organizer and strategist.

For Kennedy beat the hest who dared challenge him. That is something you cant take away from him as candidate.

assuage Southern Democrats than anything else the nominee could have done.

Party unity, and with it Party victory, was in the forefront of the nominees mind; just as it w^as in the mind of Senator Johnson when he accepted the Kennedy offer. ^

Even so, retaining the Southern electoral vote in Democratic columns is not a sure thing.

For Kennedys weakness in this region remains

tied to the ultra-liberal planks of the party platform. The Kennedy philosophy, hisopersomal views, are

He made it his business to start early and work

Some Chanae In

!ighway Body?

By LYNN NISBET

HIGHWAYS - Some changes, maybe material chanees, utill be maxle in the organizational structure of the Highway Commission by the 1961 General Assembly-These organizationa! changes almost certainly will mean turnover in administrative personnel, perhaps a.s extensive as that y hich followed the Scott revo-' lution in 1949 and the Hodges concept in 1957.

The Scott and Hodges regimes are used for comparison because they represent the extremes of division commissioner authority and centralized control. From the first state highway commis-aion appointed by Governor Locke Craig in 1915, through the administrations of Governors Bic-kett, Morrison, McLean, Gardner and Ehringhaus, the commission had varying numbers but maintained generally a state concept Governor Clyde Hoey in 1937 set up a division plan of control which continued, with no basic changes, through administrations of Governors Broughton, Cherry. Scott and Dmstead,

At instace of Governor Hodges the 1957 General Assembly went back to the central state policy, reducing the 14 division commissioners to acvcn at large. The chairman was devested of administrative authority, which was placed in a Director of Highways. The highway act provided for the director to be named by the commission, subject to approval of the Governor. In fact. Governor Hodges announced appointment of the director ome days before the commission was named.

Despite tremendous progress In road building during the past three years, feeling has prevailed throughout the state that the administration was autocratic and dictatorial, that citizens had no contact for registering complaints or making requests. Efforts to revamp the organization in the 19i)9 Legislature failed.

CAMPAIGN ISSUE - Highway organization became a secondary issue in the recent campaign, and Governor-nominate Sanford is committed to bringing it back closer to the people particularly in the area of secondary, county and neighborhood roads. Central state control over Interstate and primary highways probably will be retained. Neither Sanford nor any of the other candidates gave specific details of a new organizational plan. They all promised that changes mill be made.

One extreme suggestion is to have two commissions, patterned somemhat along lines of the State Board of Educationm'hlch ha* charee of public schools, and the Board of Higher Educa-ti(M m ith jurisdiction over edu

cational Institutions above the high school level. This suggestion contemplates one pubic roads Commissions with jurisdiction over county and secondary roads; and a highway commission, to handle primary and interstate highm-ays.

At top of the pile would be a Commissioner of Highways, to whom the chief administrative officers of both boards m-ould report, and who would handle contacts 'ith the General Assembly and the Federal government. Admittedly there would be more serious administrative and budgeting problems in highways than in educational institutions, because individual roads projects do not have the separate entity of the colleges. Study of the proposal for two highmay commissions might prove the idea to be entirely impracticable. Its proponents think it is worth studying.

The one practical certainty is that some changes in highway organization will be effected, seeking to retain central control over main routes and afford closer - to - the - people administration of secondary roads.

CONCERN Inescapable cou-clusion from developments over the past decade and particularly in the recent primary campaign, is that the rank and file citizenship the mamas and papas of school children and users of local roads is much more concerned about the elementary school and the farm-to-market road, than about universities and superduper interstate highways.

identical with those expressd by the Democratic platform. If he could have written it nimself, we doubt there would or could have been a difference as infini-tismnl as the dotting of an i or crossing of a t.

Even with the very able and knowledgeable Senator Johnson as his running mate, it will be difficult for Kennedy to overcome the reluctance of conserva-ti\e-minded Southerners to w^holeheartedly support him.

As against this, it should be remembered that Senator Johnson accepted the nomination as his duty to do all that was in his power to help his party by giving his prestige and support to the ticket.

It will be needed.

In the months before November we may safely assume there will be no advantage for either political party in terms of financial backing, youthfulness, experience, vigor and dedicated effort.

Rjchard Nixon and John Kennedy, the presumed

By PATRICIA MOORE

rivals, thus must depend largely on their personal appeal and resourcefulness in meeting questions raised I

The Old

Policies

Pemain

during the campaign; their judgment in .election of running mates will be a factor; as will be their appeals to reason and emotion and loyaity.

Among many Democrat. it has become almost a habit to downgriide the Nixon political appeal and ability.

7he Built-In Drawback

This, w-e feel, is a mistake.

The Vice President and the organization behind him will unquestionably be ready for a hard campaign the kind that is intended to win and no holds barred.

In terms of determination and devoted efforts they are evenly matched.

The campaign ahead is shaping up as one we will recall for our grandchildren.

# _

Progress Reaches The Prophets Of Doomsday

When things get a bit dull in a community it seems the thing to do is to proclaim a new day of doom is approaching.

THE MODERN DAY. . .with built in conveniences sometimes outwits the person who enjoys the convenience.

We met a man the other day with a problem resulting from these built in things. You know there are built in ovens, refrigerators, sinks, dryers and television sets. This was a television set ,

It was only a few years ago that the man and his family moved In their new home. He had a beautiful shelf built with space for his current TV set and drawers on either side. Then there are drawers beside the drawers beside the TV.

Now tile man wants a new TV set. He went a considerable distance to select a TV from a good friend, and he was highly 'successful in finding a TV he liked.

But, the TV he liked wont fit in the built-in place in any

shape or fashion. Neither will any of the other new models, he said. And he cant widen the space sufficiently because of the drawers on the sides.

Weve suggested he have his old set rebuilt. But he wants a new set.

As we said before, this man is very unhappy.

in Los Angeles, the city of angels (or we could typographically write the city of the angles, politically >, progresses.

Finally Greenville got some of the rain that has been going around Pitt County all week. Tuesday it rained so hard near Ayden aqd in Grlfton that drivers were almost forced off the road. Wednesday, it rained near Farmville and Bethel, but again not in Greenville.

Yesterdayas you well know it rained here. And the storm even blew of part of the roof of a building in Farmville-

Everybody is entitled to his own preferences and predictions. In a previous column we said we were now taking bets on the nominations, and it came out we are not taking bets. Anyway, we thought Kennedy would win: that Truman would give in and attend tte convention <but he didnt); that Hodges would be suggested as a vice presidential nominee.

Seems that everything is blowing up as the political convention

Arizona

?n anticipation of an atomic doomsday.

Theyre due out in a few days with done, and maybe some good.

Last week perhaps a hunJr-id residents of a little Other Editors Savina

izona town disappeared in their bombproof shelters

no harm Cooperation The Answer

AIR CONDITIONING - Nearly every State agency has in current budget requests items calling for air-conditioning. The budget folks look askance at these items. At the same time they seem disposed to approve without much question requests for repairs to boilers and heating equipment, when inspection proves need. That calls for a definition of "air conditioning."

Is there any basic difference in the need for heating cold air and cooing hot air? It has been a long time since State buildings depended upon fireplaces and individual stoves for heat. General heating units for buildinvs has been standard equipment in public and private buildings for two generations, at least.

Only within less than ten years have individual room cooling units been installed, and called "air conditioners. They are comparable to the old individual heating units. It is predicted that from now on borh private and public buildings will be equioped with central cooling as well as heating devices.

(The Wilson Times)

Ever so often you read where 111 Italy, a hundred followers of a prophet of dis- one of our neighboring towns is

aster hid out on a mountain; expecting to be sole sur- ^ service. Then

vivois of a cataclysm. Fortunately for us all, it failed ndo u> oTto

to materialize. . ee how the air sceheduie can

Actually the two cases are far iiom being' espe- xhe entire approach is wrong, cially unusual except insofar as being so closely linked The latest example is the appli-by time. cation Piedmont is making to

, bring service, to Goldsboro. It

One kind of doomsday or another Jias been con- will certainly be a step in the

fidently predicted and expected ever since people first direction to get air ^r-

conceived of a universal-type cataclysm.

The march of science is illustrated by these two mo.st recent instances, in that their forecasters envisioned nuclear explosions of one kind or another causing the disaster.

Jhats progress.

r

echnicians in

rield

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By JAMES MARLOW

LOS ANGELES (APi - The 19iv0 political voncentions arc not only old-fashioned. Theyre contradictions. ,

Here in the sixth decade of the 20th Century they retain all the corny, long-winded, disorderly claptrap of the 19th Century.

But they are nominating presidential candidates who are thoroughly modern.

Neither Sen. John F. Kennedy of Massachusetts, who got the Democratic nomination Wednesday night, nor Vice President .Richard M. Nixon, who seerns ^assured of the Republican nod, exudes much personal warmth. Neither is a moving speaker And just because both lack the power to excite they may put on a dull campaign.

Neither has the personal charm of Franklin D. Roosevelt, Ihc fire of Harry S. Truman, or the easy geniality of Dwight D. Elsenhower.

But both are superb lechniclatis in politics.

Getting the nomination is for them no accident. They have worked for it for years, not only In person but, by surrounding themselves with excellent young staffs, taking care of minute detail, and planning ahead.

They arf so fxpert in modern political techniques from how tu handle thein.selve.s on TV to lining up support far ahe.ad of tune they have to be careful not to look too slick.

itit one thing Kennedy and Nixon have iii common is a thorough knowledge of naliunal and the probletm facing the country, although Ihcir stand

<'> lAXIt*.* mid f'ti thr

problems are not the same.

Either man as president would do far more homework, firsthand, than Eisenhower ever did. They have been doing it for years.

Eisenhower depended so much on staff work on his adviser* for Information about issues and events that he cheerfully admitted he does most of his newspaper reading on Sunday.

Nothing illustrates better the old-fashioned flavor of the 1960 conventions than the fact. It took the Democrats almost eight hours of nominating speeches and banner-waving Wednesday before voting on a candidate.

Sen. Lyndon B. Johnson of Texas, Kennedys closest rival for the Democratic nomination, disclosed at this weeks convention he belongs to the old school of politicians.

One example was the arm-waving. stem-winding speeches, the cliches and literary flag waving in his TV appearance with Kennedy, who finished in a few minutes without" flourishes.

To this writer, who has seen every political convention since 1944, Wednesday nights nomination of Kennedy seemed the least enthusiastic of the past 16 years The answer may be that it is difficult to get emotional about a technician. Why then was Kennedy chasen. a ride from the fact that he and hit snpi>orlers h.'id workei! for monilis lining up delegate.-?

Herhaps because the convention feit, consciously or not. that the accumulating problems of today call not only foi r hardworking, well-lnformrd candidate biit..iHj^ who ads and tliinko in

At present there is token service from Capitol in Rocky Mount and the same from Piedmont in Kinston.

But this is only a part of the answer. And until we put aside our own interests and work for area ah* service, we are defeating all efforts. We meet and talk cooperation, of working for the area, we resolve to be big and see the whole rather than confine our interests and efforts.

Then what do we do? We come home and forget our broad resolves and begin to pull separately. Air service for any city can only be a half loaf, for there is not enough business to support it. Air service will accomplish what is desired only if we work to obtain North-South, East-West schedules.

An area airport is the only

effort that will bring in complete air service and it wiU take the area to support this. That is why we are ready to join forces to work for an area airport.

One is certainly needed The Hackney Body company tells us that this concern has between 25 and 30 trips to make to the Ralcigh-Durham airport a week This is good business from this one firm. There are that many people coming and going from that plant alone, using air transportation.

Certainly Goldsboro needs air service. The air transportation needed for the personnel connected with Seymour Johnson air base should interest the companies. We are not speaking of army flying but civilian flights. But as long as we run to the Raleigh-Durham alrjwrt. as far away and inconvenient as It is. just so, long will this continue. And as* long as this area continues to pull apart and work individually we will never have anything but token air service. This is all that the individual cities can support.

So lets revive the effort for an area airport. Let us work for that end. And let us begin to put to practice some of the efforts we talk about and then do litUe to bring to fruition.

There is an interesting (to us) observation we have made about this years convention. And it concerns women; news-womcDt -

There was a time when the old reporting world belonged to the men, and that even com* mentatork, radio and TV, were all men. Somehow, the womans voice was too shrill; or she wasnt shrewd enough; and most generally, men regarded the news media as beyohd the womans comprehension and effective concentration.

Whether the men think they are right or wrong, the women have come, successfully we think, into the news world. They have been prominent at this years Democratic Convention.

Theyve interviewed the candidates wives and even the candidates themselves: and

Pauline Frederick has reported on the Congo crises during the convention interruptions over TV. And theyve done well. (This opinion comes from a woman, of course.)

Opinions In Brief

assume in the

"Physicians must health care leadership decisive decade ahead or they will lose It by default H others unqualified to handle it."*. E. V. Askey, AMA President.

_

"More than the nickel cigar, what this nation needs Is a set of tax laws that are universally understandable. Tulsa Daily World.

"At this stage of the campaign, political parties are more interested in the C-nqte than in the keynote.*-Asheville Citizen.

By GEORGE E, 80K0L8KY Copyright, 1960. Klag Features, Syndicate. Inc.

Whoever is elected President of the United States in 1963 will face the crucfal pfdblem of Russian opposition to the United States and will have to-handle it in the same way. It wUl not matter at all whether a Republican or a Democrat is elected; he will be forced ,by historical necessity to respond to the Russian challenge. The difference between one man and another can only be how fast he is in replying to Russian initiative. Much will depend upon who is Secre-^ tary of State. The Cuban fiasco proves beyond question that some of the deskmen in 6ie State Department cannot be trusted. A knowledgeable Secretary of State cannot be deceived by deskmen. A well-informed President cannot be confused by deskmen. Fortunately the candidates of both parties are well-informed men.

The Russians now have a new purpose; they will contain tho United States. They will seek to establish Soviet satellites in Cuba. Mexico, Venezuela and pos^ sily Panama. They will seek to break up NAfO.

This is a war of attrition. The objective of Soviet Russia is to defeat the United States without fighting a war. It can be done. It can be done by three devices: 1. By destroying the value of the dollar in world markets;

2- By stimulating riots in NATO and Allied countries. Student riots have already taken place in Korea, Japan, Turkey, Cuba, Italy, and will occur wherever Communist parties succeed in organizing them. One took place "in San Francisco.

3. By mass disturbances in African, Asiatic and Latin American countries, so that there is constant disturbance wiUiout actual war.

ThLs program is now In being. It is the successor program to "The Spirit of Camp David" w'hich was the result of Khrushchevs visit to the United States. "The Spirit of Camp David" was a curious policy; it Implied a deal between President Eisenhower and Nikita Khrushchev for the domination of the Earth. Apparently President Elsenhower did not understand that thero was such a deal. Khrushchev became bitterly anti-Eisenhower because he did not understand why Elsenhpw^er did not understand what was talked about at Camp David.

In a word, "The- Spirit of Camp David" was confusion throughout ^ meaningless, purposeless confusion! It has been followed by the new policy of American containment.

Jay Lovestone, who was once high in the councils of the Communist Party and who is one of the most aggressively active anticommunists in the world, writing for the "AFL-CIO Free Trade Union News," says: "Khrushchev has always met the slightest dissatisfaction in the armed forces with intensified ideol(%ical activities and increased Party control especially of the officer corps. Towards this end, *an increased number of periodicals have been publlshd since the beginning of the year to propagate the Commtnist Party viewpoint in the Army. Several days before the Paris biow-i^p, there was held a conference of secretaries of the party organizations in ^ the Army. It was devoted, among other objectives, to the strengthening of party surveillance of the armed forces . .

Concerning China, Lovestone writes;

"Of course, tliere are differences between Moscow and Peiping in regard to international and other matters. But these differences are In approach, in respect to propaganda forms, and not over principle*. Between Moscow and Peiping, there is absolute unity over the ultimate goal of Communist world domination. For a number of reasons, Chinese Communist tactics are more rigid and Inflexible, more intransigent and aggressive, than Moscows. Mao Tse-tungs China is In an earlier stage of revolutionary development than Khrushchevs Russia. During the comparable stage thirty years ago Moscow's international (Continued on page 8)

Contracts Give Govmt Contro!

By ELMER ROESSNER

The government exercises almost life and death control over many corporations through defense contracts, Charles E. Lind-blom, Yale professor of economics, says in the July Issue of Challenge,

He points to the decline of Douglas Aircrait, once dominant ip aircraft production. Government contracts accounted for 78.7 per cent of its volume in 19,58. But after it passed Its production peak on the Thor missile, it was left without a contract to replace Thor.

Many other companies are largely government contractors, he pointed out, with Martin depending on defense contracts for 99 2 per cent of its 1958 sales, and Raytheon 86 per cent in 1958.

"It is significant that In fiscal 19.58-59 the total net value of military procurement with private corporation.* in the United .Slale.s amounted to .some $22.5 billion which m.'ike.s the U S Government the largest single ciuioiner in the country, even if we exclude its vast military programs. Prof. Limlhlom wrote in the New York University

niaKa/.uie.

BIIO/VDEN'

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the conscious use of government contracts as a control device is to be found in the atomic energy industry, he added. "The production of fissionable materia] is controlled not through public ownership and operation, but through government contracts with various corporations, such as General Electric and du Pont, who operate government-finan-ces and equipment on lease. Thus the atomic energy industry is ruled neither by competition, public regulation nor outright government operation the three traditional forms of indig;trial organization . , .

"How private, then, is a private corporation which depends for the bulk of its business on gov* ernment contract? . . , The government contract may greatly reduce the reality of private ownership while retaining the form

There are many advantages to government control by contract. Dr. LindhUim held. Jt may he fjeller than complete government owneiihip, and it enables the goveinment to tap priva.e talent and skills.

DEEElTS

Howcvor, he addi d. luanv erit-i;- object to Mir tendency of gov-

defense contracts in large, established firms. Others argue . that government contracts encourage wasteful practices.

"Finally, there is the more basic argument that, In those Instances where government becomes a major participant, the contract, in fact, robs the business of such traditional private enterprise virtues as eagerness to anticipate consumer taste^, legal freedom to react quickly to changing circumstances and a desire to improve its competitive pasition through increased efficiencies."

Professor Lindblom, It seems to this writer, did not touch upon what may be the most serious fault with government contracts: the fact that they can be the means of forcing bureaucrats theories and wiahts on tht contractor.

Contracts usually make it expedient to hire only union labor; to tolerate fialherbedding .and other wa.ieful practice.^, and to comply s\ith many other bureaucratic conditions. Even a^suining tJiRt all of these conditions, are for the best, the ends are obtained through the imposition of biuTaucratlc will rather than by d(m'''Malic procfduic.

Ill th th! 'k pven p'eater

danger if a venal Administration is ever elected. A firm grip on major corporations would give Some future President' or his Defense Secretary the powers that Fidel Castro now holds in Cuba.

DEPARTMENT STORE SALES IN MODERATE RISE

Department store sales in tb first half of this year were per cent higher than in the same period in 1959, according to Federal Reserve figures. The largest gain was in the New York Federal Reserve District, up 6 per cent, and in the Minneapolis Di.xtrict, up 4 per cent. Losses of 2 per cent were reported in the Rimond. Kansas City and Dallas districts.

IS.SOO.OOO CATALOGS HIT THE MAILS

Fifteen million catalogs art going*-to shoppers from the two largest catalog companies this month. ThiMi' are 1..594

page cataloi'.x going out from fleara lioeuucK. and 6,0(H).0 1.194-page books from Montfom-ry Ward While these are still called mail-order houses, most of the orders are now made by loir phone or through ordci de-pa rtineuts in the two cuinpuuies* store*.

t