FACE FOURTHE DAILY REFLECTOR, OREENVILLE, N. C

Friday, Juna 24, 1960

Friday, June 24, 1960

Oh, Youd Still Be An Elephant

Radio-TV Controls Pose A Danger

Sweeping controls of radio and television passed by the House this week pose a serious new threat as the federal government takes another step toward control of a segment of the mass communication media.

The House-passed measure deals primarily with penalties for rigging of quiz shows and for payola in the broadcast industry which was highly publicized over a period of several months. While most citizens object to the rigging of such shows, and to the idea of payola, there is, it seems to us, a jgrave precedent being set if Congress papsses the existing measure.

Since the quiz show and payola scandals the broadcast industry itself has taken measures to eliminate such undesirable qualities, and to prevent their reoccurrence. Apparently Congress,if it passes the present measure adopted by the House, will be showing its lack of faith in the ability of the industry to clean up its own house.

Projected further, howeveri the precedent set by the passage of this measure could bring about more federal control of material that can be used by the radio and television industries. Earlier this year there

Guessing A Big Vote Tomorrow

By LYNN NISBET

VOTE GUESSTIMATE Political pnvhts are more cag-^ than usual in predicting the total number, of voters likely to par^^ipate in the second prim-aj7 Saturday. Very few forecasts are for more than half a million votes, and they range down to 850,000. These estim-atoi are .made, in face of the hisUuie record that average drop trom first iMlmary totals has been less than 10 per cent, with the biggest decline (HI reeord the 122 percent loss In the Oraham-Smith senatorial campaign in 1950. A vote of half a million Saturday would represent a drop of nearly 25-percent from the 653,000 counted on May 28.

What b(Hhers the would-be expert analysts is the fact that none of the accepted rules or criteria which have been used in pre-election forecasts in other yeiu-s can be applied to 1960. Complaints of aiMithy and indifference were heard all through the first primary. Yet the total vote was almost 100,-000 more than had ever been cast before.

The run-off campaign between Lake and Sanford, waged intensively by the candidates, and with evidence of-acrimonious bitterness on part of both, has lacked the zest and zip of the run-offs between Johnson and Scott in 1948, Graham and Smith in 1950. A large segment of voters have assumed the attitude of a plague on both your houses. Despite this lack of enthusiasm for either on part of so many people, belief widely, prevailsand is shared (m part of so many people, belief widely prevails and is shared by your reporter that Saturdays turnout will be heavier than currwit surface interest would indicate. It is encouraging to note that an increasing number of citizens are taking their voting obligation seriously. Pot that reason y(Hir re-pm-ter goes along with the big vote e^imates, and looks for 800,000 or more.

BENEFICIARYMost observers believe that, a heavy vote will operate to the benefit of Lake. That belief is based on the theory that Sairford had during the first primary, and still has, a more coherent organization and will be able to get out a larger percentage of his voters through organizational efforts. Also, he has acquired support of majority of the organization leaders in the Larkins and Seawell camps. Despite the record that these Larkins and Seawell folks could not deliver much, they have considerable potency in straight out factional contests, and their combined vote was greater than Lakes.

Lake forces were not so tightly organized but made up for that deficiency in spontaneous enthusiasm and volunteer work. Lake has strengthened his organization for the run-off and has suffered no appreciable loss in enthusiasm among his supporters. He has the tactical and technical advantage of having

achieved his first primary goal which was to get In the second primary; while Sanford failed to reach his goalnmina-tioh in the first round.

There is no evidence of material switching of Lake voters to Sanford, or vice versa, although there have been a few highly publicized Instances. The second primary will be determined by the ability of the candidates to get their original suppcrters to the polls a second time and to persuade the Larkins and Seawell and non-voters to join Uiem.

A tuTnout Saturday of less than 450,000 will almost surely result in victory for Sanford; more than 500,000 will be very beneficial to Lake, and anything tetween will mean a close race. That is the way it looks from hre three days before the ballots will be marked.

Issues 'This appraisal has nothing to do with the issues, or with how anybody thinks majority of the people ought to vote. It is based solely on information obtained by personal and telephone contact with people all over North Carolina who in other election years have proven fairly accurage in advance predictions. It must be remembered, however, that as stated earlier in this article, many of them are more cagey and hesitant as to specific forecasts because of unusual conditions and almost overnight change in sentiment in some areas.

PERSONAL At this point your reporter craves the privilege of moving out of the area of straight news reporting and analysis to make one or two personal observations.

I have faith in the present integrity and the future stability of North Carolina, and in its continuing progress. My faith is stronger than that of either candidate. I have no fear that the State will go bust under leadership of Terry Sanford with his program of accomplishing more by spending more for essential services. Even if new taxes are required, it will be continuation of progress. Nor do I have any fear that our public school system will be wrecked by the Lake program for continuing policies that have maintained threugh the years, and more moderate spending than advocated by others.

Fortunately for us. North Ctu'olina to greater degree than many other States, has government by law. not by person. The Governor has great powers, and more influence, but he is not a dictator with capacity to take the State to heaven on a plaved road or send It to hell by edict.

Saturdays primary is important In determining the leadership for the next four years. K it not vital as to determining whether North Carolina will go busted financially or go to hell educationally. Because North Carolina is not going on either of these extreme courses.

The Daily Reflector

INCORPORATED

Published Every Afternoon Except Sunday FMablished 1882 DAVID .TULIAN WHICHARD, Publisher

Entered at Post Office. Oreenvllle, N C m aecond class matter.

SUBSCRIPTION RATES By Carrier Week 30c

(BY MAIL, Payable in Adwanoell

Three MonHu ------ $3.50

Six Month*--------------------. 9 6.50

One Year --------------- $11.80

MEMBEB AaSOriATRB PREM

Ttie Associated Pres* is excluslveiy entitled to use for publication all news dispatches credited to It or not cthenrlae credited to this psper snd also the local news published herein All rights of puMlcatlon of tpeda) dispatches here are also reserved.

NATIONAL ADVEHTIRINO RCPRPSENTATIVES

Thom P Clark Co Inc New York, Chicago, Atlanta Member Audit Bureau of Circulation

All. advertislnf copy mubt be received at leaat one day before publication data.

were efforts to control the political nqws pertaining to candidates by applying the *equal time ruling to news as well as other broadcasts of items about candidates. Forttrnately this effort was unsuccessful.

If the current measure receives Congressional approval, what is to prevent further inroads into TV and radio programming by the federal government next year, and the next and the next? What is to prevent the ultimate control of material for these communication media by the federal government?

Certainly the control of the broadcast industries should not fall into the hands of federal bureaucracy. If sych were to ever happen, the right of free expression and free communication which are important to the basic principles of this democratic nation would be seriously impaired.

Such a situation, of course, could not come about overnight. It would come about over a period of years as federal controls were broadened bit-by-bit with seemingly good legislation just as that passed by the House this week.

And therein lies the threat and the danger.

Disturbing Admission Of Error By Officials

Secretary of State Herters assertion that top officials of the United States erred in their evaluation of the anti-American demonstrations in Japan is a most disturbing admission from one of the top men in the administration.

Correction of the error in initial evaluation of the anti-American demonstrations in Japan were corrected in the belated cancellation of the residents plans to visit Tokyo.

If the world-wide intelligence system of the United States is as efficient as officials say, it is difficult to understand how such an error in evaluating the demonstrations could have come about. If the error was a case of top officials not following the advice of specialists in the intelligence field whose job it is to evaluate such occurrences, the blame must then be upon the administration.

There can be no question about the fact that cancellation of the Presidents visit to Japan caused a loss of U.S. prestige in the Far East and in other areas of the world. For Herter to assert now that the real seriousness of the demonstrations was not recognized until the last mi-nute is a further reflection upon the United States.

The position of the United States in Japan since the end of World War II should have assured one of the best possible intelligence organizations the U. S. could have hoped to have anywhere in the world. Where, then, did our top officials miss the boat in evaluating the demonstrations and appraising the ability of the Japanese government to cope with them?

Herters latest statement on the cancellation of the Presidents visit to Japan leaves much to be desired, and it also suggests that our intelligence on the actual situation which exists in Japan also lacked the thorough consideration it might have received.

Next President

To Be Pressurec.

By ALVIN TAYLOR

Helen Kellers Birthday

By JAMES MARLOW

WASHINGTON (AP) Summit conferences are over for President Eisenhower whose term ends in seven months but that doesnt mean the next president wont go to them.

Hell probably be pressured by Premier Nikita Khrushchev to get together with him as soon as possible. The Russian has already indicated thats what he wants.

One thing seems certain; no future president is likely to go to a summit meeting without much more detailed arrangement than preceded the meeting which blew up in Eisenhowers face.

Khrushchev, of course, has been a kind of diplomatic freak.

Compared with the sour, dour, introspective, aloof, isolated and nongregarious Stalin. Khrushchev is a clubby extrovert, an original, diplomatic do-it-yourselfer.

So long as Khrushchev lives and rules, that is likely to be his attitude. His successor, of course, may revert to the Stalin attitude. Thats why it is too soon to say summit conferences are now a diplomatic way of life.

But, assuming the next American president will go to the summit, almost surely this will be his procedure:

1. The foreign ministers will have to meet first and agree not only on what the heavyweights will discuss but what they are apt to reach some agreement on.

For the summit conference which Khrushchev wrecked last May, there was agreement only on a few broad topics the top men should talk about. Nothing was worked out In detail-

2. Any summit meeting is likely to be held quickly after the foreign ministers agree it might be worthwhile to hold a summit

meeting at all.

In the case of the ruined summit. agreement was reached in December not to hold it until May. At the time of the agreement relations between the

United States and Russia

were the best they had been since the war.

But those five months delay were fatal. They left too much time for talkingthe kind of talking that threw cold water on prospects for the summit before it ever began-

For example: The Western

foreign ministers met and made it clear they didnt expect much from the summit. Khrushchevs mood changed, and he responded in anger. The result: Shouting back and forth.

3. No president ever again la likely to move one foot out of the United States and expose himself to the kind of humiliation Khrushchev inflicted on Elsenhowerunless hes certain there will be no blow-ups or embarrassing moments before the meeting begins,

Khrushchev didnt expose his hand his determination to ridicule Eisenhower and wreck the summituntil it was too late for Eisenhower to call the whole thing off. The President had reached Paris when Khrushchev began to act up.

With the benefit of hindsight. It can 'be seen now the United States, after Khrushchevs anger over the U2 incident, might have sought to find out from him if he was going to the summit in a hostile or cooperative mood.

4. Very careful preparation is certain to be madebefore a summit meeting startsthat nothing is done to throw a cloud over it, as happened when the U2 plane was allowed to spy on Russia two weeks before the summit.

Strength For Today

By EARL L. DOUGLASS BEWILDERED OVER STRANGENESS A man died in prison recently at the age of ninety-six. When he was tlm-tf-one, he had committed murder and had been sentenced to life Imprisonment. At the end of thirty years he was available for parole. Under guard he was brought out into the world in which he would have to live. It terrified him. He was so distressed over the in-crea.5ed tempo of life and the necessity of his adjusting himself to it t the age of sixty-one that he pleaded to be taken back to prLson. This was done, and he remained in prison for thlrty-iive years longer until he died

Prison officials said that the la>t taller this prisoner had had

was in 1898, and that he had not received a letter for the last thirty-eight years of his life.

Loneliness, loneliness, loneliness. We cannot put ourselves in the place of a person who has had this tragic experience. But certainly if he had any sensitivity at all, he must have come to feel that he was forgottenforgotten of man and perhaps even forgotten of God.

We know that the latter never happens, but we know also that people can come tP believe that it does happen. Here was one of the mast tragic circum.stances reported in the news colunias in recent montlxs Everyone pondering the awfulnc.s.s of this situation mast be thankful to God for his many bles.sinR.^ and bewildered over the stiangcness of it.

When I went for an army induction physical some years ago. I had my doubts that I would be accepted because of extreme nearsightedness.

The time finally came for an eye examination and those in charge took away my glasses.

All right. said the sergeant in charge. Stand on that line there.

As I said. Im extremely near sighted and being tall too, I couldnt see the row of thumbtacks on the floor.

I floundered around for a moment or two.

Cant see it? asked the sergeant. He took my arm and led me to IL

Okay, now read the largest better on that chart.

Alas, I could hardly make out the, chart, much less read the letters.

Well. said the sergeant rather dubiously. Tell me when you can read it.

With that he took my arm and led me toward the chart.

About six inches away I made out the big E.

By this time the two physicians on duty had become interested and were watching the goings-on. They brought a tape measure to determine the acutal distance and translate it to a formula.

Then they consulted a regulations book to see If I was under the wire.

Well fortunately, even though It seemed unfortunate at the

Other Editors Saying.. No Time To Swallow

(The Tulsa Tribune)

It seems strange to talk about leisurely airplane journeys, but a couple of years ago there was a certain unhurried grace to a transatlantic plane voyage. There were the cocktails over Massachusetts, the hors d'oeu-vres over Maine, the first course over Nova Scotia, and

somewhere south of Greenland the staggering meal would be finished with a dash of brandy. Then there was always time for at least a shwt nap before

dawn and Ireland arrived, and with them breakfast.

But the jet age is turning these flights into gastronomic nightmares. Consider the ghastly experience recently of Mr. Godfrey Sperling Jr., as described by him in The Christian Science Monitor.

His Air Prance jet was due to leave Chicago for Paris at 8 p.m., so he had prudently

caught an early supper at

home. But no sooner had the plane taken off than stewardesses began running around with heaping trays of pate de fois gras en gelee and gratn de homard cardinal.

After a brief stop in Montreal, reports Mr. Sperling, eating really got underway. Stewardesses whipped out eight course meals featuring dishes from six French provinces and the last item, cor bellies de fruits, was hardly delivered before there was a rush to clear the dishes and deliver breakfast, Mr. Sperling said he arrived in a very shaken condition.

Now we are contemplating 2,-000 mile-an-hour planes. That probably means that theyll

start handing you appetizers as you check in at the Chicago airport and theyll finish the coffee on the bus from Orly to your Paris hotel.

THE CUSTOMER The Sumter (S.C.) Daily tem

An employe publication of a big corporation recently carried an editorial What Is A Customer? Here is the answer which it gave;

A customer is not an outsider to our business; he is a definite part of it. A customer is not an interruption of our work; he is the purpase of it. We are not doing him a favor. He is doing us a favor by letting us serve him.

A customer is not a cool statistic; he is a flesh and blood human being with feelings and emotions like our own. A customer is not someone to argue or match wits with. He deserves courteous attentive treatment.

A customer is not dependent on us. We are dependent on him, A customer brings us his wants. It is our job to handle them properly and profitably both to him and to ourselves.

A customer makes it possible to pay our salary whether we are a driver, plant or office employe, salesman or manager, A customer Is the most important person in our business.

It is well for every business organization to stree these facts upon all employes. One impolite employe can make more enemies in a day than the rest of the organization can make friends in a month.

time. Im able to see 20 20 when I put on my glasses. So to make a long story short, 1 made it, went into the army and came out in two years-

Tl}e point of all this I* that I received a letter from Mayor S. Eugene West appointing me chairman of the Helen Keller 80th Birthday celebration recently.

My first inclination was to ask, Why me?

Then I realized that without my glasses I could experience perhaps one-ten-thousandths of the handicap that Miss Keller had to overcome In life.

Bom In Tuscumbia, Alabama, she was stricken wdth fever at the age of two and lost her sight and hearing. One year later she became mute. Thus she was cut off from all the normal ways of communicating writb the world except touch. But for this remarkable woman, this was enough.

Ill tell more of Miss Kellers unusual life in a later column, but most people know that she learned to speak and went on to become a graduate of Radcllife College

Therell be no formal celebration of Miss Kellers birthday here, although such is planned in some larger cities for June 27Monday.

However, for those who wish to do 50, birthday cars may be went to Miss Helen Keller, 22 West 17th St., New York 11, New York.

For^hose who wish to send check^^ assist in Miss Kellers work with the blind, they may be made to the Helen Keller Crusade or Overseas Blind and sent to the same address.

Opinions

h Brief

Wind insurance does not guarantee fulfillment of promises made by political campaign speakers.Shelby (Ky.) News.

I am not as worried about Russia as the lack of moral might In this country of ours. Sen. Barry Gold water (Ari*;)

"A .shirt company reports sales up to June 20 the highest In history. Replacing shirts lost In the election should push sales even higher. Richmond (Ky.) Daily Register.

Overt

Spying

'.'.n U.S.

By GEORGE E. SOKOLSTY

Copyright, IMO. Kiag Fei^ea Syndicate, lac.

The followins ig a Ikt of Soviet nationals who during the past 10 years have been declared to be p^^sona non grata or who were removed from the duties assigned to them in the United States by our government:

Yuri Vasilevich Novikov was Attache of the Soviet Embassy, Washington, D.C., later Second Secretary and from 1950 to mid 1952 was Editor of official Soviet Embassy pubiication, Information Bulletin. left the United States on January 19, 1953.

Igor Aleksandrovich Amosov. Assistant Soviet Navtl Attache. Soviet Embassy, left the United States on February 7, 1954.

Aleksandr Petrovich Kovalev. Second Secretary of the Soviet Delegation to the United Nations and later Assistant Soviet Naval 1954.

Leonid Igorovlch Pivnev, Assistant Soviet Air Attache, left the United Btates June 6, 1954.

Alriuandr Konstantinovich Guryanov, employee of Soviet De-legatlOD to the United Nations, left the United States May 9, 1956.

Ivan Aleksandrovich Bubchlkov, Assistant Soviet Mllttary Attache. left the United States June 24, 1956.

Rostislav E. Shapovalov. Second SiM^retary of the Soviet Delegation to the United Nations, left the United States September 12, 1956.

Viktor Ivanovtoh Petrov, translator at United Naticms Secretariat, requested to leave United States August 28. 1956, which he did.

Konstantin Pavlovich Shdmov, Second Secretary of the Soviet Delegation to the United Nations, left United States November 30,

1956.

Yuri Pavlovich Krylov, Assistant Soviet Military Attache, Washington. D.C.. teft the United States January 26. 1957,

Vassili Mikhailovich Molev, Property Custodian. Soviet Em-iMosy, Washingtoo, D. left the United Statoi January 1957.

Vladimir Areenevich Onisha, First Secretary of the Soviet Delegation to the United Nations, left the United States April 10,

1957. .

Gennadi Fedorovich, Blash-kantsev, employee of Consulate Division, Soviet Emteasy, Washington, D.C., left the United States April 25. 1957.

Nikolai Ivanovich Kurochkin, Third Secretary, Soviet Elmassy. Washington. D.C., left the United States June li; 1958.

Vadim Aleksandrovich Kiril-yik, Polical Affairs Officer. United Nations Secretariat, asked to leave the United States, January 10, 1960, which he did.

This is part of the record which tells the story of tto use of official positions to spy on the country for which they have exequaturs. The assumption must be that men in euch positions do not spy. Our government has been extraordinarily lenient and has bent over backwards to av(Hd incidents. Nevertheless, it was forced to take a stand against overt spies. In this is not included the atomic spy cases, the Judith Coplon case, and a great many Instances of economic and commercial experience.

The question has been tsked of me as to what use is it to publish such facts? Does it not stir up public opinion? Is this not an example of yellow journalism? Does it not encourage and stimulate a desire for war?

It seems to me that these are wrong questions. The function of journalism is to produce the facts, to dig away into the mass of published and unpublished material with the object of providing the people with the knowledge they should have. Then it is for the people to decide. This is particularly true this year when there is to be an election and the debate among the people must be continuous.

Schizophrenic View Of Shipping

By ELMER ROESSNER

In one iield at least the United States Government operates under a political and economic schizopluenia. That is in ship-ptog.

Through one government lobe, the United States insists on the highest standards of safety at sea and recognition of seafaring unions, which results in the highest maritime wages. Various laws require that certain shipments, paid for by the government. may move only in American-flag bottoms. ' These laws help to furnish the profits to enable owners of American ships to finance safely measures and to pay the highest wages on the seaways of the world.

Through another lobe of the governmental brain, the United States encourages the avoidance of these standards. It winks a knowing eye at the practice of registeiing American-owned ships under foreign flags, by which they may e.scape some or all the .safety require-' uicnls. and avoid compulsory

bargaining with labor unions. T.AX SITUATION Through the first lobe, the great brain in Washington decides that full personal and corporate income taxes shall be levied on American-flag shipping profits. Through the other, the brain decides that there need be no American taxes, at least until the profits are brought Into the United States carry the banners of Panama, Mast American-owned ships registered under foreign flags carry the banners of Panama, Liberia and Honduras. They are called Panlibhon ships, taking that name from the first three letters of the countries whose flags they cari*y.

Those countries levy scant taxes and them labor laws are lax. However, they offer-little protection to these shias. No Liberian gunboat will steam up if an Iceland ship files a salvo acrass the' bow of a ship tiear-ifig the Liberian flag. But that protection, many shipowners believe. Is worth lc.s.s than the tax advantages and th rigitt to

boss seamen the way ft sees fit. WHY UNCLE SAM WINKS

A& Of last year, about 24,000,-000 dead-weight tons were registered under Panlibhon flags. Of thks, about 10,000,000 tons, mostly tankers, were owned by American companies. Panlibhon ships carry about 35 per cent, w'hile American flagships carry only about 15 per cent. The rest Is carried by foreign ships, planes and railroads.

But there is considerable reasoning behind this seeming schizophrenia in government.

The chief reason Is that the United States needs a strong merchant marine in event of war. If Amercan-owned Pan-libhon ships were forced to register under the American flag, most of them would lay up because It would be unprofitable to operate under American union conditioas and American taxc.s.-And rather than lay their sliips up, many owners would ratlier sell them to foreign Interests. which might be pro-Communl.st.

Furtoermor, ihesa ahina

have a certain Immunity from attack in event of war. ju a Russian submarine i^ould sink a ship flying the Panama flag, all Latin America might be counted upon to add Its strength to the fighting forces of the FYee World.

SHORT AND SIGNIFICANT BUSINESS NEWS ITEMS For every $1 in taxes collected last year, Federal, Slate and local governments are collecting $1.09 this year, the Treasury Department estimates. . , In a single day last month. United Airtines lofted 28.113 persons. . .PamUy rooms are no longer wanted in homes, says WiUiam Krisel, California architect, in the current House & Home. Families would rather have dining roofs or separate dens, he found. . .Green Bay, Wise., suffering from neither downtown blight nor suburban shopping-center competition. has had architects Victor Gruen Associates redesign the central area to head off those troubles.