FACE FOURTHE DAILY REFLECTOIL GREENVILLE, N. C

Wednesday, June 1, 1960

Wednesday, June 1, 1960

Gate Crasher

Campaigning Is Part Of The Scene

Often, reference is made to the waste of time, money and effort that goes into political campaigning under our democratic system of government. And usually the individual referring to the waste can name a half dozen ways in which the time, money and effort could be expended to bring about other worthwhile ends.

But after all, there are few things more worthwhile to the average citizens than the privileges he enjoys under a democratic government. If it werent for the campaigning, the free election of officials, the ultimate decisions of the citizens in government matters, the democracy which affords the other privileges to individuals would not exist.

It would be difficult to calculate with any degree of accuracy the amount of money and the* manhours of effort that will go into political campaigns during this national election year.

Millions of cards with candidates pictures will be printed, hundreds of newspaper advertisements will call attention to the issues, many hours of television time will be devoted to candidates appeals for votes. Millions of gallons of gasoline will be used for travel by candidates and their supporters, bumper stickers by the hundreds of thousands will be stuck on automobiles from one end of the country to the other. Highw^ay bilboards will be bedecked with campaign slogans, posters will be stuck in store windows, halls will be rented for meetings, meals will be served by the thousands in behalf of candidates. And this is only a part of it all.

Saturdays Big Mortem

By LYNN NISBET POST MORTEM A favorite occupation throughout North Carolina since Saturday has been conducting post mortem analyses of the primary election. The result of the voting is known. Opinionas to reasons leading voters to mark ballots as they did varies widely. General agreement can be reached on a few points.

The record-breaking turnout of citizens demonstrated concern for good government, and belied the apparent apathy that prevailed during the campaign. People were thinking rather than venting energy in useless ballyhoo and conversation. Primary results also proved the futility of advance polls covering relatively small percentage of the voters.

Another discovery is that the people of North Carolina do not like long lists from which to choose pubUc officials. With four men running for Governor and four for the United States Senate, the voters gave real attention only to two in each race. There was noticeable decline in popular support for Larkins and Seawell during the final week when it had become fairly certain that they would be eliminated. Many of the less partisan voters decided to make their votes count for one of the obviously top runners.

The dominant position of Terry Sanford throughout the campaign is testimony to the effectiveness of long range planning as well as the advantage held by a man who is personally known to more people. Sanford had not deviated from his purpose to be Governor within the past eight or ten years. Mea-time, the others were vaccil-lating between decisions to get In or out. Predictions that Sanford would not be able to hold a substantial number of early commitments proved unfounded.

' REASONS There is wide Clack of agreement on the basic reasons why the candidates fared as they did, except that Sanfords lead is credited to advanced preparatiwi, many years of diligent work which put him in position of capitalizing on General Nathan B. Forrests strategy of gcttingt here fustest with the mostest.

Despite his proclamation of a new day and opposition charges of pie in the sky promises from Sanford: Lakes emphasis on maintaining segregation In the schools, and the fairly middle-ground hold the line policies of Larkins and Sea-well. iere was no fundamental differences in the platforms. Certainly not enough to justify the wide spread of more than 160.000 votes between Sanford and Larkins.

HODGES There will be continuing argument over the in-' fluence of Governor Luther

Aside from the people actively engaged in political campaigns, no one could begin to estimate the time spent by individuals not in a campaign discussing the issues, the various aspects of the campaigning, and trying to make up their minds which of the candidates they will vote for.

A great waste of money, time and effort?

Well, maybe. But it is the stuff democracy is made of. The vote of the man without a dime counts just as much on election day as the vote of the man who head's a financial empire.

Beyond the immediate campaign purpose of gaining votes for the respective candidates, the great to-do fo'cuses national attention upon government issues large and small from the township to the nations capital. If rejuvenates interest of individual citizens in government affairs, reminds them of their responsibility as citizens, and makes them aware that the decisions to be made rest, in the final analysis, with the voters.

Maybe the total tab is a big price to pay in an effort to get people to participate in the affairs of government; but with it all, unfortunately, far too few citizens take the time to go to the polls to vote their convictions.

How many citizens would exercise their right to vote if there were no campaign to stimulate their interest in their own government?

WKV bibNT

You Keep HWAOT?

\WI^'Amazed.

?VHKOLirTTH

^OOROPEH,^

Tourist Business Not

A Penny Ante Matter

Hodge* on the primary outcome. It could easily be overrated. He occupies unique position in NorUi Carolina poliU-csd history, in that he came to the governorship largely by accident, has served in that capacity longer than any other elected chief executive, but gained and held the office without benefit of a workable political organization.

It is being said that his publicized sponsorship of Seawell was a big handicap for that candidate. Yet Seawell ran slightly ahead of Larkins, the only candidate with whom the Governor has had an official break in cordial relations. Hodges did not even specifically endorse Seawell, although his support was implied in numerous public statements. Neither did he endorse Phfipott for Lieutenant Governor, although be was known to favor him, and Phpott led the ticket in the race. The Governor did openly and actively espouse the re-election of Everett Jordan to the U.S. Senate and Jordan won clear majority in a field of four candidates. The facts justify conclusion that the influence of Governor Hodges on the voting was negligible.

SECOND PRIMARY - Although a second primary cannot be officially called until after the State Board of Elections meets on June 14, indications are the second campaign is already underway. That raises some interesting questions. The percentage record approximately is 41 per cent for Sanford, 28 for Lake, 16 for Seawell and 15 for Larkins. Assuming the same number of votes cast next time, or the same percentage, and that each will hold his strength, Sanford will have to get 9 of the Larkins and Seawell votes to win. and Lake will have to get 22.

Under the law responsibility for asking for a run-off rests upon Lake, and the privilege to decline rests upon Sanford. Many people are coming to believe that is too much responsibility to place on one or two men. Either the law should yield me nomination to the high man, as is the case in many states, or it should require a run-off to assure every voter an opportunity of final choice. As of now. more voters have said they want Sanford for Governor than want anybody elsebut even more have said they do not want him.

SPORTSMANSHIP In political campaigns as in athletic, contests it is as hard to lose graciously as it is to win with humility but no more difficult. The 1960 campaign has been conducted with minimum of acrimony and bitterness. Gool sportsmanship no less than good citizenship calls

for that atmosphere to continue.

.

The Daily Reflector

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Figures releasied this week by the North Carolina Travel Council dispell any doubt that the United States is a nation of people on the move . . . and when they move they scatter cash along the way.

According to the Travel Councils figures the gy PATRICIA MOORE tourist business in North Carolina last year pumped some $385 millions into the states economy, well over half of which came from out-of-state travelers North Carolina.

By U-2

Flight

By GEOBGE E. 80K0LSKT CopyrlgM, 19M. King Featartt Syndlcato, la.

On tha Soylct South A*i&n Service, In English. Viktorov, a Soviet commentator, on May 14, aM:

In their own eountry, the

in

The tourist business is, of course, one of North Carolinas largest industries, and apparently is growing larger with each passing year as more resort areas are promoted in the coastal and mountain sections of the state. Aside from the tourist in the strict sense of the word, how'ever, there are plenty of other travelers who go to and fro through the state constantly.

According to the council, some 16,700 business firms in North Carolina employing over 69,000 people have a part in serving these travelers. In addition to the Tar Heels going from one place to another within their state, the council says that more than 10 million traveling parties composed of some 23 million people from out of the state visited North Carolina last year.

Thats a lot of people indeed to come to North Carolina.

Catching The Mostest

In the spring a young man fancy turns to. . .fishing.

the choice of the fish.

The old and the young are alike. Roses are red, violets are blue, sugar is sweet, and I like to be fishing with you.

Sometimes a mans character is more evident in his fishing habits than in any other way. There are them tjiat like to catch the mostest ahd the bestes of the fishes. There are them that dont care about the sport of fishing as much as about getting that fish out of the waer and home to show off.

There are other thing* beside* fish in the world, such as graduating seniors and their awards and honors for the year, perhaps for the high school career, which goes on for four years. P most people, anyway.

These travel council figures show in more ways than one that North Carolina is a state on the move.

Tveryone Can Be Own Coroner

There are them that dont care so much about getting fish as they do about just enjojng the sport of fishing and theyll even throw the fish back. One thing is for sure: you may pick your fisherman, but this latter is

(Some make a career out of going to high school, rather than have a high school career.)

Did you know that a total of 15 scholarships have been awarded to graduating seniors of Junius H. Rose High School? This is Just about 14 percent of the senior classor you could say 14 percent of the senior cla* has an opportunity of seeking and winning scholarships.

Mis* Oigi Ouic* was called to the platform by Superintendent of Schools J. H. Rose, who caUed for Zhe-zhe and tumbled over the Guice. He was making reference to the movie Gigi. which was also pronounced 2S-be-zhe (or likely sound). Rose asked Gigi a* she approached the stage, Are you the Utile girl who grew up?"

Well, Gigi and the audience laughed through that one.

A few minutes later, Gigi (who, by the way, is only a juniOT and is already being awarded things) was requested to come forward to receive another award-

An amusing incident occured at the Rose High Awards Night.

Other E(ditors Saying... Automations Problems

This time there was no static: Rose simply called for Gigt pronounced Sche-schewith no last name. By now. Gigi was an accepted fact.

By JAMES MARLOW

WASHINGTON (AP) Everyone IS his own coroner In trying to determine what killed the 1960 summit conference. Its a kind of international autopsy. But the cause of death is still uncertain.

This grand guessing game was climaxed Monday by British Prime Minister Harold MacmiUan who came up with this thought: Perhaps even

the Russians dont know why Premier Nikita Khrushchev wrecked the conference.

Macmillan tried a broad wrap-up of the major guesses:

Some say he (Khrushchev) was Influenced by Red China. Others say it was a matter of personal pique or anger. Some say it was a matter of Internal Soviet poUtics.

It has alternatively been argued that the U2 incident was the true and sole cause of the breakdown.

Since the theories are apt to multiply rather than diminish and the real answer may never be knownhere is a brief list of guesses so far:

1. Back in November 1958 Khrushchev gave the West six months to get its troops out of West Berlin. When he saw the West wouldnt budge, he said the six months could be extended. Now 17 months have passed.

Still the West wouldnt get out Khrushchev knew this before the summit meeting. So going to it meant hed have to return emptyhanded after all his big talk about forcing the West out.

So. perhaps he was looking for any excuse to avoid the summit meeting which he himself had proposed.

2. Perhaps some of the other top Soviets in the Kremlin along with the Red Chinese were fed up with his one-man

diplomacy and his policy of amicability with the West and told him to back up.

This would mean he was in jeopardy but theres no evidence to support that.

3. Perhaps he was sincere In wanting the summit meeting but felt affronted or let down, as Macmillan suggested, by President Elsenhower when the U2 spied on the Soviet Union.

If so, then it is possible anger got the better of him.

4. Perhaps even the plane episode would not have compelled him to destroy the summit meeting if Eisenhower had pleaded ignorance of the plane's flight and purpose. He tried to give Elsenhower an out on this by suggesting the President didnt know about it.

But when Eisenhower took

responsibilitynot for this particular flight but for the plane-spying in generalKhrushchev may have felt he had no alternative. with the whole world watching, but to refuse to have any dealings with the President.

5. Perhaps, despite everything else, Khrushchev still

would have gone on with the

meeting if Eisenhower had

made an effort to see him in Paris on Sunday, May 15, the day before the summit opened, to explain and seek an understanding.

In a speech in Moscow Saturday Khrushchev complained that Eisenhower made no effort to see him.

6- Perhaps the whole thing was a scheme, that Khrushchev went to all the trouble of arranging the summit conference for one purpose only: To try to belittle Eisenhower and the West by breaking it up in anger

One thing is sure. No matter what his motive, Khrushchev confused the West and put it on the defensive.

(Rocky Mount Telegram)

Displacement of workers appears to be the key problem in the continuing studies of the effects of automation of industry conducted by various labor, management and government representatives. Automation is one of the major subjects on the agenda of the labor-man-agement summit conferences recently established under the auspices of the administration on a suggestion made last November by AFL-CIO President George Meany,

What to do about automation is one of the long-range questions for the new Human Relations Research Committee established by last Januarys steel strike settlement, and the topic keeps coming up in form-aL and informal talks in other industries. The U-S, Dept, of Labor has been issuing a series of reports on automations effects in specific plants. And on a state level. Gov. Rockefeller stated the basic issue in his annual message to the N Y. Legislature last January..

The long run benefits of technological improvements is the crettion of more jobs, higher earnings, and a better standard of living for all. Transition dislocations resulting from advancing technology must be minimized to prevent human suffering. This can be done by planning technological change to permit transfers within the plant, by providing for retraining. and by providing assistance where there is delay in relocation.

Automation appears to having a striking effect on office work.

There is one electronic complex which will control manufacturing from raw material to finished product. One firm expects to save as much as $120,-000 yearly with this system. And the U S..Bureau of Labor Statistics almost five years ago reported on the introducUon of an eiectromc computer into an insurance company. With great care taken to reassign employes displaced, the company managed to reduce the numerical strength of the department Involved from 198 to 85 with no layoffs.

The impact in the plant appears to be different. Auto makers in the first quarter of this year produced about as many cars as in the same period five years ago, but with 165,000 fewer production workers. Turning out 86 million tons of steel in 1942 required the labor of 547,000 production workers. Two years ago the industrys output was almost exactly the same, but employment averaged only 436.000.

This job erosion is of course hitting the unions. The Labor Dept in February reported that the bigger unions had lost almost half a million members between 1956 and 1958. Meany argues that proper adjustment to automation must go beyond the individual plant to a proper national economic and social environment This would provide new full - time job opportunities plus national programs of adequate social and economic cushions to protect workers and families against the hazards of rapid technological change.

Strength For To(doy

By EARL L. DOUGLASS YOUR FINAL RECOMPENSE

Have you ever thought of the misery which must exist throughout the world? God must have thought of it as He has sent deliverers to rescue usespecially as He provided for our greatest deliverance through Jesus Christ.

Right on the streets on which we live there is sorrow in many a he^rt, frustration, disappointment. There are million* of human beings Oiroughout the world living below that standard which is alone consistent with the dignity of human life. There are children suffering for the sins of their parents. There are parents suffering because of the wickedness of their children. And then there is that great mass of untended humanity which Christ looked upon with compassion because they were as sheep not having a shepherd. There are literally millions of people in the world who know not which way to turn. Life has no objective for them. They look back upon nothing comforting. They exist in the midst of work and woe. They look forward to a future in which Uiere is little hope.

Jesus was bearing upon his heart the misery of the world when he urged his hearers to remember the maimed, the lame, the blind: and thou shalt be blessed: for they cannot recompense thee: but thou shalt be recompensed at the resurrection of the just.

U S. ruling circles have every right to allow gangsterism, that

unattractive ornament of the American way"of life But to make gangsterism a standard < International rekttkme is an Insult to the peoples conscience and a defiance ci the most elementary principles of human morality. No one has freed the United States from the obligation to submit to the existing standards of international law and no (me wUI free it of thie obligation. Just as no society will consent to legalizing banditry no matter how much the criminal may claim that bandV try is necessary lor him.

It is a psychological eurioe-ity that no one sees himself as others see him. Soviet Russia has regularly engaged )n

espionage, as. Henry Cabdt ited<

Lodge pointedout in inadequate detail bef<M*e ttie United Nations. It Is, of course, axiomatie that two wrongs do not make a right; nevertheless how does a country manage without espionage?

It Is possible to ignore Khrushchev and to wait until a bomb or a missile knocks us out.

Unquestionably the Russians were and are still startled that an American plane cwild pierce the Soviet Empire for perhaps 1.800 mUes before It wa found. As Gromyko ssked; What would we say if a Russian plane reached Chicago, Detroit of San Francisco? We would say that our defenses are not in order. Congressional committees would vie with each other to find out who is responsible for the failure and It undoubtedly would become a campaign issue.

There can be little doubt that if this plane pierced the Rui>-sian sky for 1.800 miles or any number of miles and its pilot had not defected to Soviet Russia. their defenses aro not in order. The external excitement could have been organized to impress the Russian people with the wickedness of the Americans thst they should not look too closely at the InMfici-ency of the Russian defense. This is, of coarse, a speculative view but so is about everything else brought Into this particular discussion.

In this same tMroadcastalways officialIt Is pr<^x>eed: The summit cooferenco will be successful only if it Is able to continue the sharp about-face in international relations which began to be evident after the meetings of NUtita Khrushchev with Prime Ifinister Msc-millan. President Eisenhower, and President de Gaulle. But for that to take idace the U S.

rtical leaders must resolute-renounce those brink-or-war methods that have been so markedly evident especially in recent weeksand not only renounce them, but back it up by concrete deeds. .

This statement clearly shows that before Khrushchev killed the Summit Conference on May 17, the Soviet radio was already pr^aring wculd opinion |or its collapse and blaming the United States for it In a Pravda editcMdal published two days before the Summit Conference, this appears;

Today, tile Soviet people tell all who are found (A all sorts of military adventures: The USSR will not tolerate such aggressive acts, and. In the event of any repetition, will take most decisive measures in reply. We will go i destroying all aggressors who raise a hand against us.

According to the Russian report, Francis Gary Powers, the plane pilot, said:

In accordance with the contract which was signed by me with the CIA of the United States. I am pilot of the special air detachment of the United States dealing with the collection of information about operational raid stations and radar on the territory of the USSR, (and) I suppose, about ' locations of rockets.

Our air detachment is permanently located at the U. S. Turkish air base, Incircllk, near the city of Adana, Turkey. I have been serving In this de-(Continued on page 5)

More Aptly Called A Taxephone

By ELMER ROESSNER

Opinions In Brief

Congress has still to come to grips with the real evil in the labor Held. Graft and corruption are symptoms of the illness that besets the labor movement, not the cause of it. The cause is the enormous economic and political power now concentrated In the hands of union leaders."Sen, Barry Goldwater.

to any level, but you cant stop motorists from economizing." Industrial News Review.

We might cjill that popular conversational instrument the taxephone.

Its more taxes than anything else.

cmis

Government departments and government-owned enterprises spend millions and millions of dollars brainwashing tlie American people into believing that socialized power and other socialized bu.slnes.ses are good. Christian Economics.

"You ran lead a hor.se to water but you cant make him drink. You can incrcasa gasoline taxes

Several years ago your reporter suggested taxsky as the name for rye or boui'bon, since imbibers are paying more for taxes than for stimulation. The name did not catch on.

Taxephone will probably not catch on either. Can you Imagine a secretary saying, Mr. Wombat, youre wanted on the taxephone!? Of course not. Your reporter is headed for ignominy again. But in destined failure, he protests that taxephone" is far more appropriate than telephone

WORKING FOR UNCLE SAM

The American Telephone & Telegraph Co. is owned by more people than any other stock in the world, Americas largest corporation in terms of assets is a siiudy money-maker, due to

shrewd management and consistent success in raising rates. Yet it is but a shill for the United States 'Treasury.

The spring Issue of the Bell Telephone Magazine, the house organ of this lovely octopus, points out that the company pays more per share in taxes than it produces for stockholders.

Quoting Frederick R. Kappel, president, it points out that in 1959, Federal, state and local taxes on operations were $1,690.-289,000, equal to $7.66 per share of A.T. & T. Stock, or considerably more than the earnings per share of $5.22, It added:

These taxes are levied under more than 80 different titles by over 100.000 different taxing units on a system-wide basis-each unit levying taxes as it sees fit.

The magazines charts show that local taxes Increased by a total of 299 per cent between 1946 and- 1959, with the greatest increase iu property taxes, fol

lowed by taxes on gross receipts. One conclusion is clear: any state or local government not throwing Its hooks into A.T. & T. is missing an opportunity. LARGEST OUTLAY A pie chart (in this connection it might be called a dial chart) shows the total operating expenses per year in millions as follows;

Federal taxes ........... $1,108

State and local taxe.s .... 582

Current maintenance .... 1,286

Depreciation ............ 930

Traffic ................ 883

Commercial ............. 621

Accounting .......... 264

All others ............... 495

These figures show that more than 27 per cent of A. T. & T. outlays went for Federal, state and local taxes. A note adds: State and local section of the tax slice Ls getting larger each year and is approaching the size of the Federal section which, (hough heavy, has remained fairly constant in recent years. And thatc nut all. Not included

in the above figures are the taxes imposed, not on the phone company, but on users directly. This amounts to $600,000,(X)0 in Federal taxes and $34,000,000 mors in state and local taxes on telephone calls.

So next time someone calls your number by mistake, Just say, Uncle Sam thanks you! and figure the caller is helping to pay a larger share of the total tax bill by his error. BUSINESS ITEMS OF INTEREST, SIGNIFICANCE

A new cigarette has burst on the market, Belalrs, featuring a deep-set recess filta* and a menthol flavor. . . .Toy manufacturers' advertising budget will hit a new high this year, Ideal Toy says. . . . The stock market may have wobbled, but sales of fold-up fnetal tubes continued to break sales records in the first 1960 quarter, the Collap.sible Tube Manufacturers Council reports . , .Argentinas horse meat exports rose last year; the nation kills 600,000 horses a year.