PAGE ruuitiMt I/AIUI Hfcf LEClOK, GREENVILLE, . C.

Thursday, May 19, 1960

Thursday, May 19, 1960 - . .

Day-To-Day Progress Hard To See

Day to day and month to month it is sometimes the farm population is continuing to decline, forcing difficult to see the benefit North Carolina has realized people to look for non-farming jobs to earn a liveli-in its effort to develop its economy from an industrial hood. Unless these jobs are available in the section,, standpoint. the people affected will move to other areas of North

Over a period of years, results of the program Carolina or into other states to find employment, that has been undertaken on a state-wide basis show North Carolina can look with pride upon its

important dividends to North Carolina and its people, achievements in economic development in the past five Speaking in iiew York this week, Gov. Hodges years. It remains a fact, however, that much more pointed out that in the past five years North Carolina needs to be done in this direction if North Carolina ia has been the location of plant investments amounting to keep pace with its own needs, to more than one billion dollars. The investments w^ere

in 1,937 new and expanded manufacturing plants and TXJTV% A

provided the state with approximately 109,000 new W jobs and an added annual payroll of almost $341 million.

Those new jobs and those new payrolls represent an important part of the economy of North Carolina . ,. i. , a

today. Without them, the state would find its economic It is sometimes shocking to Americans accu^

situation at a much lower ebb. It would find its rate ^ free press-how quick-of unemployment considerably higher and its degree >> both disappear when governmental authority passes of progress not only in business but in other phases of 'P" people to a ruling dictator or a small ruling

society moving at a much slower pace. mu- i rt ai. i a au.,* u.,.

Significant as the progress in this direction has ^^1?. j V ^ newspaper that has

been in recent years, however, most North Carolinians been critical of FideJ Castro s government was taken realize that the surface has only been scratched so far over by the dictator s r^ime. The last voice of free as the potential development is concerned. There are expression, so far the Cuban press is concerned, has still many areas, particularly in the East, where more thus disappeared in Cuba. All of the newspapers in the manufacturing jobs are needed on a year-round basis ountry held by Castro is now under the control of pro-to provide a better balance with the agricultural overnment groups and express themselves as tlje gov-

economy of the area. There are many sections in which

The information given as

Saddest WordsIt Rlightve Been.

Power To Disagree Is Removed

N.C. Delegates Not Instructec.

By LYNN NISBET

INSTRUCTION North Carolina does not have a presidential preference primary, and the State convention does not restrict the freedom of delegates to the national nominating convention by binding in-itrctons. On occasion where sentiment has been markedly divided the attitude of prospective delegates has been ascertained and they were chosen or rejected on that basis.

Oldtimers cannot recall an Instance of the North Carolina convention giving mandatory instructions to its natifmal delegates when such action meant anything. Some oldsters are not sure about 1936, when Franklin Roosevelts second term nom-. Ination was as certain as anything can be. Instruction would have been meaningless on the vote for President. The convention, however, did instruct the delegates on another matter. About which more a UtUe bit later.

There has been no really violent division of sentiment in this state about presidential candidates since 1928. That was the year that A1 Smith was virtually certain of the nomination. but he was bitterly opposed by the then recognized leadership of the Democratic party In North Carolina. The fight against him was led by Senator Simmons, long time recognized leader, and nearest thing to a political boss this state ever had. Simmons was aided by Josephus Daniels, who had served eight years in Woodrow Wilson's cabinet, and most of the Democratic old guard. They tried to commit the state support to Cordell Hull of Tennessee or to Senator Simmons. Josiah W. Bailey, who had been defeated by the Simmons organization for Governor in 1924 led the convention light for Smith.

HISTORY " HuU got a majority of the North Carolina votes at the Houston convention, but Smith got a scattered few. Smith was nominated. After the national convention had chosen the presidential candidate, Daniels and most of the other party leaders went along

has been occupied by seven menWllUam Umstead, J. M. Broughton, Frank P. Graham, Willis Smith, Alton Lennbn, Kerr Scott and Everett Jordan. Jordan was appointed upon the death of Senator Scott, subsequently elected lor the unexpired term, and is now seeking nomination for his first full term.

1936. Back to the unique instruction procedure by the 1936 State convention. That meeting was held in the midst of one of the hottest gubernatorial primaries In North Carolina history. A. H. (Sandy) Graham had been eliminated in the first primary; Clyde Hoey and Ralph McDonald were in a runoff. Although he had lost in the primary, Grahams folks were in control of the convention. They were able to get their supporters names to important posts, including the delegation to the national convention. And the national delegates were instructed to name A. D. jLon)

news^ in the newspapers of Cuba is now the news as interpreted by the government for consumption by the people. The editorial expression in the newspapers, likewise controlled by the pro-government groups, offer nothing but praise for Castro, his policies and his statements.

The voice of constructive criticism is gone. The privilege to disagree with the dictator exists no more for the newspapers of Cuba.

Castros steps in this direction are not new. They have followed in every nation which has fallen under u pAnPPTrT A 'MCC'Ql? a dictatorship. The people are told only what the rul- ^ A

ing officials want them to know, and are kept under control. The pattern was the same in Germany under Hitler, in Argentina under Peron, and in the countries of the world today where the communists are in con trol.

Notes On This And Tha

Aeasons Why Summit Sank

Folger. who had been Gra'hhis like barnacles.

By JAMES MARLOW WASHINGTON (AP) When the sklndivers of history probe around in the wreckage of the 3%0 summit conference, theyll find lots of reasons why it blew up and sank, more than are known now. But some stick out

GOING BACK TO LAST WEEK. . . and the open house Friday at E.C C. President and Mrs. Leo Jenkins house. Scene; flowered hats and ties lined up on the Jenkins lawn awaiting entrance into the grand affair.

Next yard: Comfortably dressed ladies selling tickets to the Greenville Homes Tour, which was sponsored by the East Carolina Art Society. Three women sat at a card table doing a good deal of businessl

cerity, without claim to fame and publicity. Sometimes, because of a quiet way, they seem to be overlooked where credit is due.

But not this time.

pick up a snake. Are you kidding?

campaign manager as national committeeman.

NEW PLAYHeretofore the nomination of members on the national committee has been made at a caucus of the delegates after their arrival at the convention city. The new Plan of Organization provides that the delegates shall convene promptly at the call of the na

For instance: The State Department was a little too clumsy, a little too cute: President Eisenhower helped give Premier Nikita Khrushchev lead for his blackjack: and Khrushchev,

whatever his motives, distorted the facts.

First, the department permitted another government

agency to say the 2 American

and said Herter had Indicated the spy flights would continue.

All this information State -

Department statements and THE INAGURAL BALL. . . .

American newspaper interpreta- site, in Wright Auditorium, was

tionswere available to Khrush- completely decorated by the

chev. A.P.O. service fra^rnity of

Since the department had had East Carolina College, a chance to correct any wrong This fraternity is not only

Impression but chose 'not to, local, but exists in other col-

Well, did you see the Frank Sinati%4elevision show with Elvis PresUey (dont care if name Is spelled wrong)? Did you see the ranking soldier come through the arbor of people like a real military hero, and did you hear all those sweet little feminine screams?

It was worth the effort Just to see the show. And Elvis, And we are thankful there arent any more like him.

tional committeeman after their * X*i.^^,Y!-

election and nominate the national committee representatives and such other officers as are required by the Democratic National Committee.

The word promptly in that rule is susceptible to varied interpretation. John D. Larkins,

Jr., is present national committeeman. He 8 a candidate for Governor, and will not know until May 28 how he will come out of that race. Chances are he will not call the caucus of delegates until after that date, although it might be necessary to act before the second primary of June 15since the national convention is scheduled to open on July 11, and its management would want advance notice of nominees for

with the full ticket, including honorary convention posts. The

Smith. Senator Simmons continued his opposition. That fall North Carolina gave its electoral vote to Herbert Hoover, only time since 1876 It went to a Republican for President.

That campaign broke the back of the Simmons organization. and two years later, in 1930, JosUh William BaUcy defeated Simmons, who was seeking a sixth term in the Senate. Further Interesting, but not directly pertinent history is that while Simmons had held the Senate seat for 30 years, Bailey held it for 16 years, and since his death In late 1946 the seat

national committee will be named by the convention, and earlier nominations for those positions are not necessary.

Larkins has not Indicated whether he expects to seek re-election ws national committeeman. whether or not he wins the nomination for Governor.

Mrs. B. B. Everett, national committeewoman for the past ten years and presently on the powerful executive committee, has indicated purpose to retire. A likely successor is Mrs. Mary Laurens (John T.) Richardson, state vice-chairman for the past several years.

Union was on an innocent mission, gathering information on the weather. Then the department <?*nied the plane was spying.

Both statements were lies. Khrushchev rammed them down Americas throat by producing evidence. Then the department got honest and admitted the spying.

This would have been bad enough if the government had just stopped there. It never had to deny, lie or admit anything. All it ever had to do was say it was investigating the case, let the heat die down, and keep its mouth shut.

It didnt. It took one more step, which turned out to be one too many.

It said this government would fail in its responsibility to the whole free world if it did not do what it considered necessary to obtain informationincluding spyingto overcome the danger of surprise attack' by the Soviet Union.

This might have gotten by if

Khrushchev reasonably could assume the aerial spying was meant to continue.

Such an interpretation was an insult to Khrushchev and the Soviets. It meant this country intended to ignore Soviet sovereignty over its own air space and send in spy-planes, no matter how the Soviets felt about it.

Two days later this government had still another chance to say this was an erroneous interpretationif it thought 50. This was when Eisenhower held his news conference last Wednesday.

But he talked in future terms, without actually saying more planes would be sent in over the U.S S.R. This became one of the things Khrushchev wrapped around Elsenhowers neck when they met at the summit in Paris Monday,

In understanding this it is important to remember no one in this government ever actually said spy flights would continue. But Khrushchev, like the newsmenand maybe he got his interpretation from the newsmen interpreted the high-blown State Department statement as mean ing the flights would go on.

At the summit, among other

leges and universities, and offers services of hard work and slo-

A young husband, discussing the subject of snakes with his wife, asked, Please, dont ever

I - : C

Other Editors Saying... Straw In The Wind

And we could go on for some time, but being as it's so hot outside, well Just melt away into nothingness. Or be swallowed up by the impressive number of papers scattered all about the desk, demanding immediate attention. The three pigs would be in Brimary heaven here.

Opinions 'h Brief

The United State.* is producing the largest number of second - rate intellectuals ever known, says Dr. Mason W. Gross, Rutgers University president. All right, you Russians, lets aec you close that gap. Savannah (Ga.) Morning Newrf.

Straw la The Wind (The Miami Herald)

An experiment out in Oregon offers hope of cutting down the ever-rising cost of public welfare. Thats fancy talk for the dole, you know. Oerson Goldsmith of Portland, a member of Oregons Public Welfare Commission, sponsored the project. It is a modern version of W. P. A. work relief on the county level.

The Idea is that able-bodied men earn their relief money by useful work instead of just getting it as a handout. The program is for men who have used up their eligibility for unemployment compensation or never were eligible for it. If theres any doubt about a mans ability to work, he gets a physical ex-

things.^ he demanded Eisenhower amination. Then the names arc

call off the flights. Then, to the surprise of a lot of people in the State Department, Eisenhower told Khrushchev the flights had been ordered stopped.

Khrushchev made other de-

the Departmentactually Secre- mands which Eisenhower couldnt tary of State Christian A. Herter have agreed to without crawling himselfhad phi-,ased this in the before the whole world. Khrush-

past tense. Instead, it joggled the chev wanted him to apologize for

language in such a way that it the flight already made and pun-

seemed to apply to the future, too. ish those directly responsible for

Was Herter saying sych aerial it.

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spying would continue? Reporters asked Lincoln White, Herters chief pre?s officer, that question. White said: Well. I wiU leave it to your interpretation.

So, the reporters did the interpretingsince they took Whites answer to mean yes

Just how much the State Department statement had to do with Inflaming Khrushchev before he got to the summit may rot be known for a long time.

But it was one of the things which gave him torpedoes for sinking the conference.

given to County officials say the head of the public works dfpartment, for example who notify the individual when to report for work.

One Oregon county used the plan to clear roadsides of ast-growing brush. It had to rent buses, hire diver-foremen, pay for industrial accident insurance and buy rain clothes for .50 men. Stm. it got $16,000 worth of work for $6,000, not counting the welfare payments.

Started in January, the wo-gram has spread to eight*of Oregons 36 counties. A checkup showed that from 20 to 35 per cent of the persons certified as able to work didnt show up for assignments. In those cases, welfare workers find out why. If there

was no good reason, welfare payments were cut off. Some of the no-shows apparently had found private jobs. Others moved to neighboring counties which havent yet adopted the work program, A few proved to be either disabled, in jaU or gone. In all, more than a)0 welfare recipients have been put to work.

Two virtues of the Oregon plan are evident. One Is from the viewpoint of the individuals affected. It offers them jobs not just a dole whe they are temporarily out of work and ineligible for unemployment pay. The other benefits the taxpayers. The work program tends to clear the re-life rolls of able-bodied men who simply dont want to work. It also gives the taxpayers something in return for their money.

On a larger scale, the program represents a reversal of the much-minded school of thought which holds that the world owes everyone a living, whether he earns it or not. To that extent, we hope Oregon has held up a straw to show which way the wind is blowing.

Quote...

The farm problem cant be permitted to drift. It la costing too many billions. U.8. agriculture never can be healthy until production fall* into reasonable balance with consumption. Columbus (Ohio) Citizen-Jour-nal.

If there were no wife at hand, it would co.at the householder approximately $3,800 a year to provide help to keep up the house and care for the kids. We know some wives, who. on reading this will demand payment. Wt know other* that will scoff at this calculation. They know they're worth more than that.Birmingham News.

One of the most urgent problems this country must deal with is the growth of juvenile delinquency. And that means the Boy Scout movement, more than ever before, deserves the active, down-to-earth support of everyone. The boy who Is Inculcated with Scout training and ideals isn't going to develop into a Juvenile gangster. Industrial News Review.

Kindness is the language the deaf can hear and the dumb can understand." - Farmington

(111.) Bugle.

Trouble, like the hill ahead, straightens out when you advance on it.Greenville (HI.) Advocate.

Strength For Today

Intellectuals Cooler On

No one would consider requiring all boys and girls, irrespective of their talent, to spend hours trying to play a musical instrument. Yet some recent proposals I have read about a high-school curriculum seem to me equally absurd. Dr. James B. Conant.

By EARL L. D0UGLA8S TEACHERS And they that are the teachens shall shine as the brightness of the firmament: and they that turn many to righteousness as the stars forever and aver. (Daniel 12:3)

We are not likely to hear much these days about teachers shining brightly, or about their turning many to righteousness. Many school superinlendent.s are looking so desperately for teacher.*? that they are not much concerned about shining brightly. The teacher supporting his family on an Inadequate salary is too busy with twice as many pupils as he should hive, besides directing the cUss play or coaching the track team, to discover whether he is turning an^ona to righteousness.

Yet both the superintendent and the teacher need to stop and consider. Nothing Is more important to the future of our coimiry Iban the education of our cbil-drm. Education de.serves the best. Nothing else Is good enough.

To the superintendent I w'ouW say this: Pay less* attention to

education credits, and more to character. Our pupils need fine people for teachersnot just holders of transcripts.

To the teacher I would say this; You are certainly underpaid and probably overworked. But you have the responsibility of one of the most important roles in our society. Even though we have not kept faith with you still you must keep faith with the children you leach.

e$2$rf..giajitL-ila3s

By ELMER ROESSNER Time was. in the day of Franklin D, Roosevelt, that unionists were the darlings of the intellectuals. They were cultivated and supported by ministers. professors and writers just as those same groups today support the aspirations of the Negroe.s in the South and the Oriehtals In the West.

Back in the 30s, it was unforgivable to hav. a cocktail party in Greenwica Village or Washington without at least one Showcase organizer.

But slnct the end of the war, the minister, the college professor, the labor reporter and other independent intellectuals in all walks of life have lost much of the zenl they once dLsplayed for labor union goals and uielhoils. wittes George 3. Odlorne, dhector of the Bureau of Industrial Relations, University of Michigan, in the current Issue of Challenge magazine.

Under the headline, The Great Disenchantment, Pro

fessor Odiorne writes; In the face of more immtditte and envious problems of the labor movement, such as the decline of membership in certain large industrial unions, the antiunion campaigns of management and Congressional pressures against abuses, this slow disenchantment with labor on the part of many intellectuals has little of the urgency and stress of newspaper headlines. Yet 11 this trend is unchecked, it could contribute more to the decline of union influence than any evert action by the opponents of ,labor.

Who needs them? one labor editor wrote of intellectuals. Well create our own," Profe.v?or Odlorne went on: Still, union leaders enjoy the sense of power which it gives them to be able to summon an iulelleclual by pushing a buzzer.

WINDOW DRESSING

He noted that Harold Wilen-sky, in his study, Intellectuals in Labor Unions, atUibuled

union tolerance of intellectuals in their ranks to a desire to maintain window dressing. Because of hi own limited educational background, a union leader views the presence of Intellectuals on his staff as adding class to the union movement, giving it the aura of respecti-blllty which simple self-seeking always lacks,

Some time after the war, the intellectuals began to leave union headquarters and go back to the universities, ^ofessor Odiorne wrote; They had been originally attracted to unions to join the fight to give the working class protection against sickness, old age and unemployment. even though the leaders of the union movement themselves never pretended to be advocates of anything less tangible than more...Thus, without the intellectual rationale of liberalism behind it, the union movement last It.s attraction as a vehicle for social reform. The liberal today Ls more concerned with clvU rights and putting

Story

About

Soies

By GEORGE E. SOKOLSKT Copyright. IMt, King Featurea SyaMlicatc, lac.

Andrei Gromyko said that Russia did not employ spies In the United States. Gromyko had lived in the United States for many yearn before he became the Soviet Minister of Foreign Affairs, a position be now holds. There is a long record of espionage. Here is a case;

On the evening of AprU 12, 1951, a lone male emerged from the darkness and made his way to the base of the Washington Monument In Washington, D. C. On his left hand he wore a glove, a strip of adhesive tape circled the middle finger of his right hand, and he carried a red-covered book under his left arili. This man was Mr. Z . (fictitious), who was employed In a sensitive position by a United States Government agen-,cy. Moments later, he was joined by Yuri Novikov, Second Secretary at Uie Soviet Embassy in Washington. This meettng signified the initial effcMt to expand, on American soli, a Soviet esponage apparatus devel<H>od in Austria in 1948. This apparatus had been under the watchful eyes of our military authorities abroad for two years.

From that night on, through the Spring of 1952, Novikov met on twelve occasions with Mr. Z at numerous meeting places in Washington. Information which Novikov solicited from'Mr. Z on behalf of Russia included data relating to the American Air Force personnel stationed abroad, morale among Air Force officers and enlisted personnel. Air Force Interrogation techniques, the Identity of the American Intelligence sources, the identity of fellow employees of Mr. Z and the names of American military personnel destined for overseas assignment. Novikov also requested information about U.S. Intelligence files dealing with Russian installations and Russian military capabilities. American preparations for war or defense, and the current location of a defected Soviet airman then in this ctmntry.

In Vienna. Austria, two naturalized citizens of the U.S< Kurt L. Ponger and Otto Verber, knew of the meeting between Novikov and Mr. Z and had, in fact, been Instrumental in making arrangements for the event.

Ponger and Verber had returned to Austria with their families after scrvi||[|fh KM Amerl- ^ can Army In e^uro^ during World War n.

In early Ponger was re-, cruited in VKnna by Boviet In- I tcUigeacc and shortly thereafter, in March, 1949, he recruited Verber, his brother-in-law, for the same kind of work. Verber, in turn, recruited Mr. Z, then an employee of the American Forces in Austria assigned to Intelligence work. After that, Verber had frequent contact with Mr. Z and obtained certain data from him concerning Intelligence personnel, policies, activities and other Information pertaining to U.S. Forces in Austria. In December, 1950, however, Mr.

Z, Verbcrs principal source of Intelligence Information, left Europe on transfer to the U.S. Ponger and Verber persuaded Mr. Z to continue as a member of the Soviet espionage ring in connection with his new post in the U.S.

They paid Mr. Z a special bonus on behalf of their Soviet masters, relayed Soviet praises for his valuable assistance, and issued final Insbructions to Mr.

Z concerning his proposed first meeting with his new principal at the Washington Monument. This is the meeting which occurred on the evening of the second Tuesday in April, 1951.

Verber and Ponger continued their Soviet Intelligence efforts, operating in Austria and West Germany, until apprehended in Vienna by U.S. military authorities in January. 1953. Arraigned at Washington, D.C., Verber and Ponger pleaded not guilty to a secret indictment by a Federal Grand Jury charging them with conspiracy to commit espionage. Novikov was named in the indictment as a co-conspirator, whereupon Novikov was declared persona non grata by the State Department. He left the U.S. en route to the Soviet Union soon thereafter.

On being confronted with in-(Contlnued on Page 7)

nions

an end to atomic bomb tests...** GULLIBLE HAVE ONE CON-SOLATION; FULL TAX DEDUCTION OF LOSSES A theft is a theft, no matter how gullible the loser, according to a roundup of Tax Court decisions by Prentice Halls Information.

Despite repeated public warn-Ing.s, the Spanish prisoner racket is still worked. The prisoner writes a wealthy businessman asking for funds to bribe his way out of jail, promising to share a secret fortune in return. After the victim puts up the money, usually giving it to the prisoners daughter. he hears no more of prisoner or money. A deductible loss, .says the court.

Another decision hold.s that victims of ttie tiurse-race swindlein which the victim tias to put up money to prove he could have paid if last before he can collect imaginary winnings can deduct losses. So can people who take forged stock certificates as securities for loans.