Tuesday, May 17, 1960

Tuesday, May 17, 1960

Reins Of Appression

Planned For Maximum Propaganda

The summit conference to which the world had looked so lopg in the hope that it would ease international tension has now gone up in smoke amid a developing crisis between East and West.

Although those who took a realistic view of the proposed conference felt that little of real value would immediately be achieved, the fact that the conference exploded before it began comes as a genuine disappointment.

The rapidly developing series of events is bound to move quickly into another major crisis between East and West. The international tensions the conference was supposed to ease will not become more strained. In the place of the atmosphere in which some com-mon ground might be found, there now appears to be ' a widening gap that will be difficult to bridge in the near future.

Though the Soviet moves which caused collapse of the conference have the appearance of last-minute decisions, it might well be that they were carefully -planned for maximum propaganda effect. This view is supported by the fact that Soviet Premier Khrushchev had time to make his charges and demands before going to Paris. He likewise has had several opportunities in the past week to withdraw the invitation for President Eisenhower to visit Russia.

The fact that he waited until all parties had gathered in Paris before making these moves suggests they may have been part of a plan to gain maximum

;Elast Delivers Primary Votes

By LYNN NISBET

VOTESSometime ago it was noted in thin column that the voting Importance of the big Piedmont cities might be overrated in Democratic primaries. Several instances were cited of eastern counties with less population casting more ballots In the primary. A few days later Julian Schecr wrote a piece for the Charlotte News tending to show that the eastern part of the state as a whole gives the big votes in Democratic primaries. He also cited insurance and quoted figures.

Now comes Henry Belk of the Goldsboro News-Argus with a challenge to this comer to produce additional figures, if any can be had. further supporting the claim of eastern prestige In primary voting.

First point to be determined is the boundary line between the east and west, as contemplated in the survey. There is no clear natural division. What appears to be the most logical, and it is adopted for purpose of this analysis, is that fixed hy statute for the judicial divisions. There ar four divisions in which superior court judges rotate for holding courts. The line between the second and third divisions runs from the Virginia border to South Caroling along the western boundaries of Caswell. Alamance, Chatham, Lee, Hoke and Scotland counties.

East of this line are 52 counties. divided into 16 judicial districts, each with a' resident elected judge. West of the line are 48 counties, divided into 14 judicial districts, which have a totil of 16 resident elected judges. Land area is approximately the same. The western area had more population in 1950 and is expected to run further ahead in i960.

COMPARATIVE The primaries of 1948 and 1952 are chosen for comparison of viting strength, because they are the two most recent. There was no real contest in 1956.

The 1948 primary is remembered as Uie Scott Johnson scrap. There were four other names on the ballot Mayne Ray Boyd and W. P. Stanley. AUlMright, Oscar Barker, Olla

part of the state delivered more than half the votes in 1948, less than half in 1962, Why did 140,-000 more people vote in 1952 than in 1948, when there was no senate contest the second time and the race for Governor, on the surface at least, less hotly contested? The answer probably will be found in local races.

Beaufort. Edgecombe and Nash counties turned in nearly 50 percent more votes in 1952, while a number of small counties voted less people. It is surprising to note that Alamance voted 7,585 when Kerr Scott was a candidate, and jumped to 10,214 for the Umstead-Olive race. Umsteads home county of Durham turned out to the tune of 19,568 that year, compared with 11,706 the previous election. Wake county increased Its vote from 19,719 in 1948 to 27,591 in 1952, running ahead of the bigger midstate counties of Forsyth and Guilford.

GENERAL ELECTION Contrary to the accusation sometimes made that eastern Democrats quit when the primary is over most counties vote heavier in the general election than in the primary. And we are still talking only about Democratic votes. But they do not turn out like their western neighbors. Wake, for example, voted 27,000 in the primary, but gave Umstead for Governor 32,-000 in November. Compare that with Mecklenburg which gave 29,000 in the primary, over 50,-000 for the Democratic candidate in November. Wayne county cast 7,618 in the primary, 9.260 in the general election. The ratio in Rockingham county was 7,551 to 14,256.

From these examples, which can be multiplied many times, it seems obvious that while the eastern counties are responsible for half or more of the primary vote, the western part of the state casts more Democratic general election votes plus a whale of a lot more Republican.

The voting record for President of the United States is another story. Among the 52 eastern counties only Brims-wick gave a majority for Eisenhower in 1952and that by a margin of only seven. 2,958 to

emphasis on the position the Soviet Union had decided to take.

The United States can ill afford to make further concilations th^n President Eisenhower so far has indicated he is willing to make for the sake of continuing with the summit conference. The United States cannot afford to overlook the fact that Premier Khrushchev's demands and proposals so far have taken the form of a personal attack upon President Eisenhower as well as upon the United States. *

In each statement he has pointed at the President. Khrushchev's suggestion for a summit conference some six to eight months from now would, of course, mean that the United States would be represented by a new president. His withdrawal of the invitation for President Eisenhower to visit Russia must be viewed as a slap at the President as w^ell as a slap at the country whose government he heads.

For the moment at least it appears the world again has entered one of those brink of war" periods to which former Secretary of State Dulles referred several times. Though we would like to think otherwise, it would be foolish indeed to shrug off the present crisis as just another unfortunate situation that will blow over.

Indeed we hope it does blow over, that the international situation will quickly ease, even without the summit conference. Even so, we must not be coerced by harsh Soviet words and threats to meeting every demand that Premier Khrushchev will make.

Fitting Tribute To A Good Friend Of ECC

Dedication of the new men's dormitory on the East Carolina College campus in honor of Dr. Paul E. Jones of Farmville is a fitting tribute to a Pitt Countian who has been a dedicated friend and supporter of the college.

Dr. Jones, as Pitt County's state senator in the General Assembly for several years, was instrumental in getting increased appropriations for East Carolina during its period of rapid growth. His support for legislative measures of importance to education both on the college level and on the public school level showed clearly his regard for better education in North Carolina.

Prior to serving in the state senate, and since that time, Dr. Jones has been a constant and true friend of East Carolina College, contributing considerable time and energy in behalf of the college.

The board of trustees of East Carolina College is to be commended for naming a building in honor of a man who has served the college as faithfully and as well over many years as has Dr. Jones.

Ray Boyd and W. F. Stanley. 2.951. More than half of the 48 Tht WM the year, too, of a heat- ^jestern counti^ went for the ed pace for the . S. Senate be- Republican candidate, aome by tween J. M. Broughton and Wil- substantial majorities, liam Umstead. With all of this drawing appeal, only 423,125 peo

ple bothHred to vote. Of that number 233,187 or 55 percent, were in the 52 eastern counties.

The 1952 contest between Wil-Uam Umstead and Hubert Olive, with Manly Dunaway barely aerttching the scoreboard, brought out a total of 564,505 primary votes. The 52 eastern counties cast 274,245, less than 49 percent of that total.

In other words, the eastern

SMALL HELP Analysis of the 1948 and 1952 voting affords little help in forcasting 1960 results. Many* eastern counties

have lost population, while

most of area between Raleigh and the Blue Ridge ha.s gained. Large part of the eastern loss came from migration of Negroes. but to offset that strenuous efforts have resulted in much

heavier Negro registration which may hold up the total

voting strength. _

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By ALVIN TAYLOB

tterly Fearless Man

o

West Berlin A Heart Of Issue

Is Friday, 13th a bad luck day?

Not for one local resident. I refer to Dr. hoo W. Jenkins, newly inaugurated president of East Carolina CoUege.

I wondered at that Friday, 13th date which he chose few the ceremonies, even before they came off.

But William Friday, principal speaker for the day, made me realize even more so just how nmch Dr. Jenkins laughs at superstition.

I have known Leo Jenkins for some years, and I value his friendship," Dr. Friday said in

his speech. "His high sense of dedication to the improvement of education at every level in North Carolina is refreshing and encouraging

T know 0 his courage, but it was only after the formulation of the plans for these exercises that I learned of his utter fearlessness.

Tt Is (me thing to be Inaugurated on the 13th day of the month. It pushes his luck a little more to pick a 13th of the montii that falls on a Friday.

*T submit, however, that he has discharged all forms of restraint entirely when on this

Friday, the 13th, he Invites a friend named Friday who was bom on the 13th to deliver this talk! Theres logic there.

Why, Ill bet Ihr. Jenkins would walk under a whole row of ladders and maybe even kick a black cat right off the sidewalk. Oh well, just wait until Halloween.

Other Editors Saying. Education-A United Goa.

By JAMES MARLOW WASHINGTON (AP) This is an ABC on one of the sorest issues at' the summit meeting in Paris: the Soviet Unions demand that the AUies get their troops out of West Berlin. The Allies have refused.

The 2,200,000 West Berliners consider themselves part of the pro-Western West German Republic even though their city is 110 miles inside Communist East Germany.

Just because it is, supplies for the city from the West have to move by road, rail, water and air over Communist territory. Up until now, with one major exoeption, the Soviets have let the supplies through, under a wartime agreement.

The exception was the year-long blockade started by Stalin in 1948. The Allies airlifted supplies into Berlin until he gave up.

Now Premier Nikita Khrushchev has indicated the supplies may be shut off again unless Allied troops are withdrawn from the city.

If the Allies try to smash their way through a new blockade, the result may be ww. But if the Allies withdraw, they will suffer a gigantic moral and politi-

Ctl (icrcCtt

The U.S.-British-French troops only 10,000 of themare not actually a fighting force, deep as they are m Communist territory. They are a symbc^ but an important one.

They represent Western determination not to abandon the West Berliners to the Soviets. If the troops were withdrawn, the surrounded West Berliners would be absorbed fast by Communist East Germany.

How did the troops get there? What right do they have to be there? ^

The roots go away back to World War II when the United States, the Soviet Union, Britain and, later. Prance ag|*eed to control Germany after its surrender until time for a peace treaty with a new Germany.

They did by dividing Genuany Into four zones, with each of the wartime partners occupying one zone. The same arrangement was made for Berlin, the capital city.

The Soviet zone of Germany

naturally had to be in the east, which was closest to the Soviet Union. Berlin, being in the eastern part, was in the Soviet zone.

The wartime partnership did not last. The cold war began.

Hope of agreement with Stalin on a single new German government disappeared. The Allies set up a West Germany republic in their three zones of Germany and in time voluntarily ended their occupation.

But they kept their troops in Berlin, This, they said, they had a right to do under the wartime agreement.

In turn the Soviets, while gripping their East Berlin zone tight, set up in their zone of Germany a new Communist East German government. The West, including West Germany, considers this Communist regime a Soviet puppet, has never recognized it.

The West and the Soviet Union still talk of creating a new, single government for all Germany. They are miles apart on how.

The West, as a preliminary to unification, says West and East Germans, if allowed, would free elections. The West Germans, 53% million of them, outnumber the 18 million East Germans almost three to one. There Is no reason to doubt the East Germans, if allowel, would repudiate communism anyway.

Khrushchev wants it another waylet the officials of the East and West German governments get together and work out unification. Since the West and the West Germans refuse to consider these East German Communists as anything but puppets, the answer is no.

But this Allied outpost in the heart of the Communist world West Berlin has became cancerous to Khrushchev. He told the West to get their troops out or he would sign a separate peace treaty with the East German government.

As of now the Soviets themselves control the Western supply routes to Berlin. Khrushchev suggested these might be turned over to the East Germans to do as they please. They would, of course do only what Khi*ushchev pleased.

If they shut off the supply routes in a new blockade, the West will have to act or cave in.

(The WUsoB Times)

The inauguration of a college president is a thrilling event, as those who attended the installation of Dr. Leo W. Jenkins, as president of East Carolina college, will attest.

There were many interesting facta brought out in the addresses given. All centered around the growth of East Carolina College and its contribution to the state, since it wm founded in 1909 until today. /

The growth has been phenomenal. And when we speak of growtii we are not thinking only in numbers as impressive as these are. For there were 124 in 1909 and last fall there were 4,045 students taking courses on the campus and an additional 1,200 enrolled in extension courses in various centers of the state.

The underlying tone of all the addresses centered around the great progress this state has made and is making in offering education, on all levels, to all its citizens.

There are only three states in the union with the public education programs offered to all citizens and this state is one of Uie three. For as Dr. Jenkins pointed out, each student attends East Carolina college and every state supported institution on a "state scholarship.

East Carolina college is the third largest of the state supported colleges. And what Dr. Jenkins was saying was that the citizens of the state through tax funds, are paying more than half of the tuition of each student. He used this example to impress on those enrolled that "any effort other than your best effort is, in ef

fect a dishonest effort.

The point we want to emphasize is that the people of this state are concerned and sincerely interested in providing the best education obtainable for all those who so desire and are willing to work for it.

Of course we arc not doing all we would like. We have goals yet to obtain. But this state Is doing much for its citizens of public school and college age, R provides public school education for all and of equal standard. And state funds or tax money is paying the major part of financing the state supported college, thus making it possible for students to receive a college degree who otherwise would not be able to do so.

At this time when you are hearing of what we do not have and what has been left undone, and of how far behind this state Is in providing educational opportunities, stop and consider what the state has and is doing.

Efust Carolina college Is another example of a vision coming to pass in Eastern Car-olihg. The iM-ogress has been achieved because of the leadership of men who have dire(;ted our Dsrogram of higher learning.

Dr. Jenkins is another in the long academic procession. This procession will continue to brow. He. as the sixth president, will carry the college' forward and add to the ever lengthening shadow of academic achievement and excellence.

And this is what the people of North Carolina want and work for and toward, for all the children of this great state.

A salesman frtwid (rf mine told of calling on an Eastern North Carolina minister once upon a time

This salesman had 11 preacher sold on the Item he was peddling and he" was ready to close the deaL

Then the minister asked: "How much could I save by having the board of education buy this for me?

The salesman told him there would be no reduction in price. He would cmly save the federal tax from which schools were exempt.

"Well. I believe Ill ask them to do that, the minister salcL

My salesman friend has rather strong ideas about righteousness and this struck him the wrong way.

"You mean to tell me youd ask the chairman to sign a statement that could make him liable for five years in jail or $5,000 fine? he asked. Why, you preach against that sort of thing on Sundays.

Get out. cried the minister. "Get out of my office!

'The salesman left. He lost the sale but he felt a lot better.

Money Can Be

Hazard

BV GEORGE E. SOKOLSKY Copyright, 1960, King Feetnret Syndicate, Inc.

The Kennedy campaign rolls on. It is dirty pool to sugg^t that Kennedy wealth is playing an extraordinary role In this campaign, Just as it would be unfair to say that Rockefeller mcHicy bought Nelson Rockefeller a career. The fact is that in politics money can be a handicap because the pubUc generally distrusts sons of rich fathers, assuming that they arc playboys in disguise, and also many who would support the rich man fear the accusation of bribery. Whereas the log cabin has disappeared from American lifeT the rich man still has trouble goig through the eye of a needle. On the other hand, every candidate requires money and gets it where he can.

John Kennedy won West Virginia by a masterly battle not as a popularity contest but to assert the postulate that he. a, Roman Catholic, could carry a* state which is 95 per cent Protestant, The reason that West Virginia was so important was that the argument had been employed, with considerable substance. that a Catholic could not be elected President of the United States. Had Kennedy failed In West Virginia, he would undoubtedly have left the race.

Some believe that Hubert Humphrey will throw his delegates to Adlal Stevenson. Those who so say have no undwstand-Ing of the mechanism oi a political conventicm. A candidate cannot sling his votes to anotiier. That has never happened. He releaMs the votes pledged to him and always deals had previously been made as to what is to be done with those votes. There are delegations pledged to candidates on the first, the third and the fourth and fifth ballots. If John Kennedy does not take the nomlnatiofi on the fiiat ballot, he may lose volea, tmiess be has pledgee far succeedtng ballots. The ^{Hilar appeal now is not the telling factor; that has been established.

What matters now is Uit decision of the party leaders, men of sharp practicality at to whether John Kennedy can defeat Richard Nixon. There are numerous Park Avenue Liberals aU over the country who are trying hard to rest<we the candidacy of Governor Nelson Rockefeller. Few of them quite understand the formation of delegations. Pew of them are Republicans in the sense that they belong to any type of party So*"

of the leaders in uM tWPRocke-ieHer movement have also bespoken Vice President Nixon as their candidate. In w word, they are ambidextrous wWch In politics is like being a double agent. The Rockefeller proposition that he be chosen has never had professional support.

The Democrats discount this slight recrudescence of Rockefeller. He had his day. Instead of putting up a manly fight as John Kennedy did, RockefUer canvassed the country, saw that he could not make tt and withdrew He studied the poDs and made no serious effort to prove them wrong. Kennedy did just that in West Virginia. In politics, the candidate who lacks the courage to make an upstanding fight is pasMd by.

I once witnessed Rockefellw (Continued on page five)

Strength For Today

By EARL L. DOUGLASS LIFE GROWS UNDER SACRIFICE The Gnostic heretics centuries ago tried to save the memory of Jesus from the shame of the cross by maintaining that, as a matter of fact, Jesus had really never been crucified. God was supposed to have snatched him from the cross before he expired.

But the Church refused to accept this and went back to the stark and true realism of facts, namely, that Jesus died on the cross. When he laid aside his glory and humbled himself to come into the world and to be incarnate in human flesh, he went the whole way in incarnation. His death i^as not a make believe death, it was a real death. And furthermore, it

was a hideous and frightful death, because he who had no sin himself chose to go down into death voluntarily assuming as his own the sin of the world. He asked God to transfer the sin of the world to his account if we may use a modern banking expressionand then, assuming the infinite liability of that great debt, he asked God to punish it to him, that the power of sin might be forever broken.

Vicarious sacrifice is the reality upon wtiich tiie whole life of the spirit is built, and as ,it was true for the Lord of all good life, so is it true for every disciple of that same Lord. Sacrifice is not something which cramps and represses life; it is the only thing which expands and glorifies it.

The Hiah Cost Of Staying Alive

Opinions In Brief

There are some who purposely misunderstand the facts when there Is discussion of increasing the productivity of workers. There are some who want to call efforts for greater productivity anti-labor. But the only security any worker can have Is through salable productivity. Chattanooga News-Oree Press.

The Macon News.

We should like to remind our readers that a newspaper is not the only or even the greatest engine of reform. The most powerful engine of reform and correction of government is the outspoken individual. The Charleston <S.C.) News and Courier.

"Dlscrlmination in employment practices against older workers is a fact of life. But it is a luury which America may not be able to afford forever.

Thcc days a child who know.s the value of a dollar mu.st be inighly (' w'ouiRcd.Manning (Iowa) Monitor.

By ELMER ROESSNER

The high cost of staying alive is worse than the high cost of living.

The governments Consumer Price Index is not precisely a cost-of-living index, but it will do until something better is invented. The CPI measures the average change in prices of goods and services purchased by city wage-earner and cler-ical-worker families.

The Index shows that for all goods and servic' those peoplewhich may ilude you were paying 25.7 per cent more in March than they paid in 1947-49, and more than twice as much as in 1935-39.

While most of us realize all prices have gone since 1947-49, few realize that the cost of medical care has risen twice as fast as all other items. Prices for medical care have risen 55 per cent since the base period, ONLY TRANSPORTATION HIGHER

The only other segment of the Cons jmer Price Index to rise more has been transportation costs. That has been caused by

the fact that wages have risen faster than productivity, because people insist on quadruplicate facilities (privatetj autos, bu.se.s, trains and planes) between mast points, and because of the rise in price of autos, coupled with the publics demand for more elaborate cars. This last factor may be checked by the popularity of compact cars.

The rea.sons for the rise in medical costs are even more complex.

As Dr. Haig Babian pointed out in "Economic Affairs, in 1917, 53 per cent of family expenditures for medical care went directly to pay doctors. In 1950, the late.st year for which he had reliable figures, doctors got only 34 per cent. Hospital and nursing care had similarly declined.

The main reason has been the phenomenal growth of prepaid medical care programs. Only an average of 0.5 per cent in 1950.

The percentage is probably much higher today. Furthermore the percentage applic.s to piuch higher total, since the total

ha.s been shown to be rising. MORE IN FUTURE

Meanwhile, there are strong indications that the total will continue to rise through the rest of the century.

During the next few years, a steep increase is certain. At long last, hospital workers are being organized. If their pay is lifted from pre.sent substandard rates (|30 a week plus bed and food is not uncommon) has-pitaLs will be forced to increase charges.

Hospital plans have been boosting their rates steadily during the last few years. These boosts must continue to meet higher hospital costs and, in many cases, higher fees for doctors.

Costs of medicine have been rising, although probably less than suggested at Congressional hearings.

Two other upward forces are the increase in population and the lengthening life span. The greater population alone requires more hospitals. Costs of corustructlon higher now than ever before^-must be amortized in rates charged patients, and

this will mean still higher medical plan costs and higher figures on the Consumer Price 1^ dex.

The lengthening Jlfe span not only adds to the p(H>ulation, but also adds to an age group who need more medical care than the middle-aged or young. This will redouble demand for more hospital space, and for more rest homes, which will also increase the total the average family must lay out for medical care, either directly or through insurance plans.

Theres still another factor? the increasing tendency to hospitalize the mentally disturbed and the alcoholics.

As the cost of medical care rises, it takes a larger share of consumer income. In the years to come it will take even lai'ger shares.

IMITATION JUMPING BEAN FOISTED ON UNWARY

A man complained to the St. Louis Better Business Bureau that a Mexican Jumphvi bean he had bought at a stnie was a gelatine capsule with a BB shot in it.