PAGE POURTHE DAfLY REFLECTOR, GREENVILLE, N. C.

Tuesday,' May 3, I960

Let Me Help You Across-

Art Centers Potential Is Promising

Much of the work toward refurbishing the building and preparing the current exhibit was provided by-volunteers. Perhaps this spirit of 'the volunteer, multiplied many times, will make possible an exciting asset for Greenville and Pitt County far beyond initial goals of the Eastern Carolina Art Society.

Our enthusiasm is tempered by an awareness the Centers future largely depends on active, not passive, support by local citizens.

To the Centers founders, and to all who have helped make its debut a shining hour, we offer congratulations and warm wishes for the future.

Chessman Given Every

The stream of visitors attending Sundays opening of the Greenville Art Center proved a heartening response to a notable project.

At close of the day the reception line had good reason to continue their handshaking among tbem-ielves and with fellow-members of the Art Society as a matter of mutual congratulations for a job well done^

The public turnout reflected an inescapable conclusion: there is a tremendous current of interest among people living in Pitt County.

Exhibitions such as the one now being proffered are rare items in communities much larger than our own; so we cant expect it to be matched with any degree of regularity in the months and years to come.

However, we would think other loan-outs from various museums and collectors will be available from time to time. And other are societies across the state ^K^T1 A TTnHin* I nO T.niir

might see fit to unite in furthering the cause of Art by w AAUwA A AJVA W

mutual effort. Caryl Chessman's 12-year fight for his life is over.

And the fight^bf the court to carry out the death sentence pronounced against Chessman a dozen years ago has finally ended.

Few criminal cases in American history have attracted more attention than Chessmans and few have become the focal point of national and international controversy the way Chessmans did.

Through his longand finally futilebattle to avoid the death chamber, Chessman gained considerable sympathy for his situation. His legal battles that followed his^ conviction and his books made him a famous prisoner whose revolting crimes often were overshadowed by what he did during his long wait on death row.

fit should be noted in passing that even these loans carry with them expenses falling upon local exhibitors.)

We envision too the utilization of the Center as a fitting site for local artists to show their work as well as a home base for developing talents in the several workshops that are planned.

There remains the question of how best to turn this revelation of local interest into continued development of the Center in order that it may better fulfill its purposes.

No denying it, an Art Centr . . . like a library . . . needs financial support. Where it can come from, we dont know. But it should appear.

Jriaunting me Constitution

By LYNN NISBET

FUNDAMENTALS ~ Sec. 29 of the Declaration of Rights, which Is the preamble to the Constitution of North Carolina, declares: A frequent recurrence to fundamrtital principles is absolutely necessary to preserve the blessing* of liberty.

It is logical to assume that the "fundaraenial principles" referred to are tho.se set out In the text of the Constituon itself. All of these fundamentals are Included in the Declaration of Rights, and amplified in subsequent articles of the Constitution, and their application provided for by legislative enactment.

There have been numerous instances of legislative acts having been declared by the courts to be In violation of the Constitution. It is common knowledge that other acts would be declared void If they were challenged in the courts. There are glaring instances of legislative flaunting of the Constitution. Outstanding example is refusal to reapportion legislative representation.

ENCROACHMENT Perhaps the most dangerous and insidious encroachment upon the rights of Uie people as guaranteed in the Constitution is the practice of the Legislature delegating its authority. Sec. 8 of the Declaration of Rights reads: "The legislative, executive and supreme Judicial powers of the government ought to be forever separate and distinct from each other." Sec. 23 reads: "The people of the State ought not to be taxed, or made subject to the payment of any impost or duty without the consent of themselves, or their representatives in the General Assembly, freely given."

DELEGATED There are literally hundreds of acts recorded in the law books whereby the Legislature has delegated to some licensing board the right to levy and collect fees, having the force and effect of taxes. Almost as many instances are recorded of boardssuch as Agriculture. C&D. Health. Wildlife Resources, etc.having been delegated the authority to enact ordinances for the violation of which citizens may be prosecuted. Since all these boards and commissions are classed as part of the executive, rather than the legislative branch, question ari.ses as to the "separate and distinct" attributes.

Most significant of the legislative delegations of power is found in the Executive Budget Act of 192.5, as amended almost every session since, and culminating In the Department of Administration Act of 1957. These

acts delegate to the Governor, as director of the budget, very large control over appropriations although -there is no power to lev> taxe:.

This delegation of authority considerably enlarges the power of the Governor above the constitutional statement of his duties, which is: "the Governor shall reside at the seat of government of th's State, and be shall, from time to time, give the General As embly information of the affairs of the State, and recommend to their consideration such measures as he shall deem expedient."

ONE MAN Custom, supported by legislative delegation of powers, has insidiously changed the government of North Carolina from one in which "the people have the inherent, sole and exclusive right of regulating the internal government and policies thereof," to one In which large control Is vested in the occupant of the Governor's office.

PROMISES - It is not surprising that several of the current candidate* for Governor are making unequivocal promises about what they will do if elected, without bothering to consider what the General Assembly might do about their program. They assume, with apparent historic justification, that the Legislature will go along in most instances. Governors for more than 30 years have largely had their way, and there is no reason to expect drastic reversal of attitude in 1961.

On one point only are the promising candidates willing to yield to legislative prerogative. That is on the matter of levying taxes to pay the freight on the program. There is no hesitation in promising more money for schools, more miles of paved roads, improved service all throuvh government agencies if I am elected."

When somebody asks where the money is coming from, the candidate piously remembers that the Governor cannot levy taxes, that being the sole function of the legislature. Apparently there is hope that the voters will not remember that the appropriating of tax money also is the sole function of tiie legislature. The Governor has the same right and obligation to recommend sources of tax money as its allocation. That is one. of the fundamentals to which frequent recourse Is necessary.

More and more people are recognizing that specific recommendation for spending without

spending without specific recommendation of source of tax money is not completely honest.

ligil ll II 'I #

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Though there were repeated efforts to exempt Chessman from the punishment prescribed by law for the crimes he committed, and though his case brought new assaults on capital punishment, the efforts neither saved Chessman nor killed capital punishment.

The wheels of justice grind ever so slowly at times, and often appear completely bogged down. Under our judicial system, however, the slow movement through legal channels does not mean that justice has been thwarted. In the case of Chessman the long delay in carrying out the sentence appeared to some as undue punishment for a man who walked many times into the shadow of the death chamber only to be spared at the last moment. To others, the delays appeared a planned program to circumvent the sentence of the court.

Society has now required that Chessman paid the debt pronounced by the court. The sentence has been carried out as ordered. And who can say that Chessman was not given every opportunity under law . . . far greater opportunity than most men who find them-selve.s in the position he occupied the last 12 years of his life.

Henry Wallace Was 'PreDared

By PATRICIA MOORE

3ig Cultural Weekend.

It was a busy weekend, Saturday opened the Pine Arts

Festival with a luncheon honoring Ovid Pierce.

inside scenes; The luncheon took place In the South Dining Hall, E.C.C. campua. Every ilower-centered table was taken by guests, 350 of them at least. At the head table were the celebrities, and this time the celebrities were for real.

Ovid Pierce was in the middle, of course. There were Inglls Fletcher, Bernice Kelly Harris and Thad Stem and wife. The Doubleday and Company (pub

lishers) executive editor, Le-Baron and his charming wife. Jane Hall, culture vulture, according to Henry Belk, also present with wife). Dr. Meredith Posey, chairman of E.C.C. English department.

Ovid Pierce squirmed through all the praises heaped upon him and his talents. When everyone finished the tributes were truths and beautifully stated or exceedingly witty Pierce was called to say a word. "Thank you." And he sat down.

Ingli.5 Fletcher, celebrated author of historical fiction, is

By JAMES MARLOW

WASHINGTON (AP) President Elsenhower can get an argument on his Idea that no vice president in history had such careful preparation as Richard M, Nixon for carrying out the duties of the presidency

What about Henry Wallace? President Roosevelt made a lot of use of the tall Iowan when he was vice president from 1941 to 1945. Wallaces total experience in government was probably broader than Nixons

In the 1956 campaign, when Eisenhower and Nixon were running for re-election, the President told a Republican picnic at Gettysburg; "Theres no man in the history of America who has had such a careful preparation as the Vice President (Nixon) for carrying out the duties of the presidency, if those duties should ever fall upon him."

Last week Democrats jumped on Eisenhower for saying he may let Nixon sit in for him at the summit meeting this month if it runs too long. They interpreted this as an effort to build up Nixon for this years presidential campaign.

But looking backparticularly upon the four years since that statement in Gettysburg in 1956the wonder Is not so much about the use Eisenhower ha* made of Nixon but that he has not used him far more.

Nixon served in the House and Senate, thus getting insights into the legislative branch of government. Wallace was never in Congress.

But from 1933 until 1941 Wallace as secretary of agriculture under Roo.sevelt, headed one of the most important and controversial agencies of the executive branch.

Thats a kind of experience Nixon never had. He sits in on meetings of the Cabinet and the National Security Council. But Wallace was in Roosevelts Cabinet, too.

Eisenhower has used Nixon as a goodwill ambassador and personal representative to foreign countrieshe has visited 55.

Roosevelt used Wallace as a "messenger," to use his own phrase, and goodwill ambassador. too. He sent Wallace to the Soviet Union. China, India, and Latin America.

Although Nixon served on a couple of minor committees appointed by Eisenhower, Roosevelt used Wallace in far more important jobs whlel Wallace was vice president before and after we got Into the war.

Wallace became a member of the Commission on Inter-American Affairs. He was chairman of the Economic Defense Board and head of the Board of Economic Warfare.

But there is one big difference between the vice presidencies of Nixon and Wallace. Nixon is a politician; Wallace never was. The Republican pros are in Nixons corner, all set to nominate him for president.

But in 1944 the Democratic pros teamed up against Wallace. This was when Roosevelt sought a fourth term, his health was failing, and It seemed possible his vicfe president might become president through Roosevelts death.

Southern Democrats and the Democrats big city bosses blocked Wallace from running for the vice presidency again. Roosevelt did not fight for him and Harry S. Truman got the nomination.

Eisenhower already has given Nixon his hearty endorsement for the presidency. ^

Other E(ditors Saying.. Anybotdy On Thirtd Base?

(Henderson Dispatch)

Whos ahead now in the governors race? In Vance county? In the sute at large? Is anybody on third base as yet?

It depends a lot on who ks talking. And not too many people are doing a great deal of that thus far. It is probable that many thousands of those who will vote on May 28 have not even made up their minds, and that many who have might shift position In the last few weeks of the campaign.

Whit until lately has been a sort of brotherly, friendly contest is beginning to take on Increased vigor and aggressiveness. The pie In the sky advocates seem to be moving toward a bit more moderation as popular sentiment has failed to flock to that sort of standard as some may have anticipated. There Is a slowly rising conviction that more people are looking beyond the end of their nose to fathom, if possible, the consequences of reckless, fanatical proposals as to outlays for schools in particular and similar ventures In general.

The race issue is not arousing the public as might have been expected. North Carolina is not overly steamed up about Integration, possibly because there has been so little of it. On the other hand, the lingering feeling is that if everybody who is opposed, to total Integration voted for Dr. Beverly Lake he would be swept into office by a tremendous majority.

If utterances by candidates can be taken as a reflection of popular thinking, there Is a growing hesitancy to permit the State to leap over the precipice into untried chilly waters, and a trend, possibly as much a pre

sumption as a reality, toward a sober, conservative, safer course for the next few years.

It is highly doubtful that the people of North Carolina, as devoted as they are to educational advancement, are swallowing hook, line and sinker the prating* of the fanatical school group who have given the impression that the sky U the limit in their aspirations, regardless of the ability of the State to sustain such ambitious programs as are being projected.

North Carolina will move farther and faster on a sound program than if an effort is made to swallow in one gulp everything that is desirable in the way of progress. A program of sanity is not necessarily a static attitude. Every one knows that it is a law of nature that nothing stands still completely; it moves either forward or backward, No one wishes to go into reverse gear. Nor is it necessary. But the plain fact is that less will be accomplished by rushing headlong into something clearly beyond means or capacity. The wiser policy is that of moving ahead, consolidating gains that are made and then advancing farther.

Perhaps the gubernatorial honorables are beginning to realize this course as preferable to some of the free wheeling declarations that have been heard and demands that have been made from time to time, and more of which will still be heard.

As was certain and inevitable from the beginning of the campaign, charges will fly thick and fast asdecision day draws nearer. As to what the public will be treated to in the end only time can provide the answer.

a abort, plump woman. Her granddaughter, B.C.C. student CarolisU Fletcher of Eden ton, was cm hand and had her picture made with her grandmother who seem^ very glad to see her.

Mra. Fletcher has a raspy voice friendly, earthy and witty.

The editor frmn Doubleday spoke with a sort of Oxford ac-cest. He said Ovid Pierce had accomplished a conversational style of writing with the "aints" and "don'ts" all thrown In naturally in spite of his own perfect speaking English.

Bernice Kelly Harris brought a spontaneous handclap from all when she said North Carolina and eastern Carolina needs a good writer as much as ft new shirt factory.

You cant aay you arent impressed when ft town the size of Greenville secures well-known writers and poets to appear all at one time and in one place. And * when a town the size of Greenville has a Womans Club that Incorporates such a luncheon, successfully, with an arts festival, few towns this size or larger, could do as well.

In spite of the celebrities of writing fame and fortune, the visitors were as mxxch interested in .seeing .E.C.C. college president Dr. Leo Jenkins, and Impressed with his "sweet-looking wife."

And they were interested In seeing tpose who engineered the event, remarking that the flowered hats were so prettyall at the same time. (Especially the hat worn by Mrs. J. C. Galloway.)

Sunday the Greenville Art Center opened. People. From all over. The opening, even in cultural terms, was a "howling success."

Up to the last minute, people were there working to perfect the showplace. Mrs. Nancy Monroe was touching up the final displays. Mrs. J. H. B. Moore was darting here to yon, making final inspections.

The display is matnlflcent. Even the yard has blazed with azaleas (in the rain).

Monday the air was intense with the news of Caryl Chessmans death. Even in a news office, where the Associated Press brings shocking, unexpected and sometimes heartening news, the eye was on the wire, where first the advance story came of the death, still (Continued on page five)

Horeas

Hisma!.

Story

By GEORGE E. SOK0LSKY

COPYRIGHT. 19W, KING FEATURES SYNDICATE, INC,

The *tory of Korea U sad. For 3,000 years its history is authentic. It Is a mountainous country, surrounded by Russia and China and across the sea. by Japan. The Chinese Three Eastern Provinces (Manchuria) lie directly to the west. Thera are many theories as to the origin of the Korean people. Undoubtedly they are Mongoloid rather than Malayan, but beyond that too much is guess^ Ing. The Korean language seems to be closer to Japanese than to Chinese.

As far baek as history goes, Korea was Invaded by Chinese or was flsbting for Ite freedom in China. R might be lahl that whenever China wa* itrong, Korea was its vassal.

The earliest relations of Japan and Korea lie in a mist of superstition and traditkm but the record is clear that In the year 200 A.D., a Japanese force euccessfully Invaded Korea. This opened the road to a two way traffic between the two countries and it also made (%inn known to Japan and vice versa. Wtotae China was an emam-ous country and Japan wu guarded by the eea. Korea was beset by enemies. 8och trlbef> as the Khitaas and Mongols from Manchuria and Siberls Invaded China but they alsc amoved into Korea. Gtenghis Khan and his grandsoo, Kublal Khan, moved In upon Korea, which becante a vassal of the Mongols. It was after the downfall of the Mongols that the Korean! called their country Chosen. an ancient name still In use. China re-emerg^ into the glories of the Ming Dynasty, a period of great progreis in aQ cultural fields and this had a tire-mendous Infiuenca upon Korea.

Perhtpa the most serious in-flufuce upon Korean history the moat lasting influencewas the invasion of Korea by Hide-yoahi. Regent of Japan. Risinf from the lowliest station, be sought to make himself the conqueror ss much of Asis ae he knew about and his first objective wae Korea as a stepping stone for the conquest of China. In May. 1^. Hideyoshi. who had mastered Japan, set out on his Napoleonic expedition to conquer first Korea and then China. He was a man of enormous ability, but he failed to realize that no country in the world, not or

Japan, Is as suitedior guerrilla warfare a* Korea. It was in this expedition that one of Syngman Rhees anceitdfirRt Cttmii, invented a cannon whose shell really could go through rock and iron.

Although Korea won this war, the country was practically destroyed. The fighting had been on Kwean soil and the people suffered frightfully. Koreas Chinese allies became a scourge. For 230 years subsequent to the defeat of Hideyoshi, Korea was isolated from both Japan and C^hina, although each year tribute was sent to China.

Even during the period of isolation. European ships appeared in Korean waters and some French missionaries aod.JDutch merchants even landed, but they were not welcomed and some were persecuted. It was during the period in the 19th Century that China and Russia vied for siizerainty over Korea; the Russians, however, made little progress. After the Meijl Revolution of 1868 in Japan, that country again turned it* eyes toward Korea and for a time Korea was squeezed among China. Japan and Russia until the Sino - Japanese War in 1894-5, fought in Manchuria, so weakened China a* to leave only Japan and Russia in the (ield. Korea became completely independent of China but that did not mean that either Russia or Japan would not seize Korea if possible.

The Russo-Japanese War m 1904-5 settled the issue. Russia was defeated and Japan esUb-lished a protectorate over Korea. In 1910, the protectorate was abolished and Korea ,was incorporated within the Japanese Empire.

Japan controlled Korea until 1945 when that country fell to the United States and Soviet - Russia. Thus North Korea, (Continued on page five)

Strength For Today Doctors Made To Look Wealthy

By EARL L. DOUGLASS FACING HARD FACTS

A college professor upon examination of a freshman tlieme in English became convinced that this student had simply copied his material word for word out of a book. He called him to account for it. The young man after some demuying confessed his wrongdoing.

That was in his freshman year. Last June as a senior this student made it a point before he left the campus to call on that professor, shake him by the hand, and with tears in his eyes-and voice thank him for having caught him up short in a wrong deed. "Nothing," he said, "has ever meant so much to my character as this. I Just feel that life changed as soon as my wrongdoing was known to you and to myself."

That is Indeed a pretty way for a story to end. This boy is sincere and in all probability he will make good in life to the limits of his powers. And always

he will remember the rebuke which made him face himself and what he was doing.

It sometimes takes hard blows to wake us up and make us know what life is really all about. Sometimes we have to go through failure before we are capable of achieving success. One of the hardest tiling*, to do i* to face wrongdoing in our own lives, confess it, and make such amends as are possibleand then start going the other way.

Quote..

"Some one has compared federal aid to education to carry-, ving water In a leaky 'bucket from your own reservoir to a central well. What i.s left of the water is poured Into the well, and then tho-'e in charge apportion you some water In that same leaky bucket and you bring it home."Sumter Daily Item.

By ELMER ROESSNER

The medical profession is being pushed into an uncomfortable public relations position. Factors:

1. A daily newspaper for doctors is In planning stages. Theres certainly a large flow of medical news these days, especially on the Congressional sector, and the promoters surely must have concluded that theres an adequate volume of medical advertising.

2. A closcd-clrcuit radio system for doctors is scheduled to become operational later this year, The Radio Corporation of America is planning to set up a system whereby doctors and their patients will get music and the doctors will get sponsored medical program*. MAGAZINE FOR "RICH MARKET"

3. A new magazine, "The Doctors Wife," with an 180.000 circulation Is In produ(jtion. "Nowfor the first time In a single publication advertisers can reach thLs rich, responsive market of 180,000 doctors

wives. . .through this rich, responsive market of 180,000 doctors wives. . .through the influential columns of the one magazine devoted entirely to their special needs and interest," says some of its promotional material. "

4. Testimony before the Ke-fauver Committee suggest* that doctors get free samples, brochures and other things of value from "detail men" employed by the ethical (sic) drug houses. and that doctors are not loathe to prescribe the medicine suggested by the detail men.

5. Hospital group coverage rates are rising constantly a request for a 35 per cent increase U pending in New York and one of the reasons often given is that doctors are increasingly sending patients to hospitals Instead of treating them in their homes. This has never been proved but the fact remains that when a doctor sends a patient to a hospital, he Is paid by the insurance group, but when he treats them

at home he must do his own collecting unless, of course, the patients have coverage for that kind of treatment.

POSSIBLE INFERENCES

These five factors surely work to create a public impression that doctors are rolling in money. Many people will reason. Nobody w^ants to pipe music and Information into my office; nobody is publishing a newspaper in my trade, and nobody is publishing a magazine for my wife. Doctors must have it made."

There are daily publications, of course, in some field.s; movies and television, wbmens wear, home furnishing, super-marketing; shoes, law, and a few others. But most lines do not have a dally publication. And none have personal closed-'circuit television; none have magazines dedicated to their wives spending power.

The.se special services, coming as they do at the same time that Senator Estes Kcfau-ver is charging the pharmaceutical industry with taking ex

cessive profits, will certainly generate the suspicion that the new Klondike lies in the gall bladders, appendices, gizzards and insides of the common man.

The medical profession sure needs a press agent.

THOUGHT FOR TODAY,

YESTERDAY

.AND TOMORROW

(Drville E. Reed? direct mail

authority of Howell, Mich., says:

"One of the great things about living in a democracy is that we have complete control over how we pay om- taxes: cash, check or money order."

ANOTHER FINE POINT BY INTERNAL REVENUE

When a patient lu a hosplta) is given work as a gardener and handyman in and about a private residence as part of the hospital's work therapy program, Is considered to be an employee of the private residence owner must therefore pay Social Security taxes.