FACE POUftTHE DAILY REFLECTOR, GREENVILLE, N. C.

Friday, January ^8, 1960

Friday, January 8, 1960

Vermin In The Old Trash Heap

How Much Growth Do You Guess?

Durincr this year of 1960 Uncle Sam again will count the noses of his people to determine exactly the population of the nation.

The decennml census always brings a scramble among the communities, the towns the cities, the counties and the states to make sure every nose is counted. In the months before the official counting stai^, there are moves by various levels of government aimed directly at making sure they get as much out of the census figures as possible. Cities and towns expand their corporate limits, counties, and states, while they normally cant expand geographically often resort to other measures in an effort to make sure they get credit for all the people they have.

After all, there are many considerations at stake.

Politically, the number of members each state has In the federal House of Representatives is determined by the number of people it shows at census-time. So far as counties are concerned, the same thing is true in most states relative to the state legislature. Federal and state monies available to lower levels of government often use population as a part of the formula for determining how much each town, city or county will receive for this or that.

Moreover, nothing succeeds like success, and most communities like to measure at least a portion of their progress every 10 years by the number of new citizens they have acquired during the period.

How many people Goes Pitt County have today? How many people does Greenville and eadh of the other incorporated towns of the county' have today?

Just about every citizen has his guess and many of them will vary widely. In Greenville,' for example, most guesses of todays population range somewhere from 18,500 to as high as 22,000 or 23,000. Most place the figure somewhere around 20,000.

Who Got Those

New N.C. Jobs?

By LYNN N18BET

JOBS BuUod. button, whos got the button? Or, more important to wage earners, whos got the jobs that were supposed to have been created by industrial development during the past lew years? There are con-lUctlng and confusing statistics about th^ jobs?*

OoversOT Hodges issued a statement ( the first work day of the new year pointing out that new and expanded manufacturing facilities had created new Jobs for 36.391 North Carolinians in 1959. This was a gain of .67 percent over the 21,757 new jobs provided in 1958. For the two year period the new jobs amounted to 58,088. and estimated payrolls for these new workers aggregated $191 million.

That is a glowing report and deserves the description of exciting and challenging accorded It by the Governor. It is based on figures compiled by the commerce and industry division of CliD. But it loses some luster when viewed in the light of the employment figures compiled each month by the Department of Labor based on required reports from employers.

There are monthly and seasonal fluctuations in employment, but the average for 1958 was 464.000, down 3,000 from 1957 which had been down 4,000 from 1956. The reducti(m of 3,000 actual workers in 1958 does not jibe with the C8iD claim of more than 21.000 new jobs created.

Labor Department figures are available for only the first eleven months of 1959, but on projected average they show 482,000 employees in manufacturing plants, an increase of 18,000 over 1958. That is batted against the Governors estimate of more than 36.-000 new jobs provided.

Stated another way, there were 11,000 more manufacturing workers in 1959 than were on the jobs in 1956. What happened tc the other 47.000?

BREAKDOWN The Labor Department breaks down non-ag^ultural emplojrment into manufacturing and service industries. The service categ(wy includes merchandising, hotels-motels, transpcn^Uon. etc. MPre than half the non-agrieultural employment is credited to service industries. Of the 256,500 total increase in non-agricultural employment since 1949. only 95.000 was credited to manufacturing. more than 161,000 to service industries. It is accepted as sound practice to estimate that every manufacturing job requires two or more service jobs to support it.

In 1959 there were 1,108,700 persons employed in non-agricultural Jobs in North Carolina, that was 30,700 more than in 1958but only 19,200 more than in 1956.

Last years total non-agricultural emploirmcnt of 1,108,700 would seem to be about the maximum potential. It represents approximately one out of every four of the estimated four and a half million people living in North Carolina. Take from that four and a half million all the farm workers, plus all the kids below 16 years and all the old people not able to work, and you get a very high percentage of the North Carolina population on industrial payrolls. And take-home pay roU money is worth just as much when it comes froni a motel or a dry cleaning plant ' as when it comes from a factory.

That still doesnt answer the question of what happened to the 58.000 new jobs provided by industrial developmmt in 1958 and 1959, since only 11,000 more people are working in manufacturing and 19,200 more in all non-agricultural positions than were working in 1956.

PROGRESS North Carolina Is making progress, and the economy is changing from agriculture to industry. That is illustrated by the fact that increased in non-agricultural employment has Increased about 30 per cent in ten years, while the population has increased only about 11 per cent. Employment in manufacturing plants has gone up almost 25 percent, against that 11 percent population growth.

The state is moving out of the agricultural into an industrial economy. And it is moving on sound basis as required by orderly transition. There is reason for pride in this record of progress, the record of net growth in the long range view. A realistic approach to the matter at hand would require admission that if 58XW0 new jobs have been provided within the past two years, a lot of old jobs were lost, because there are just not that many more people on industrial payrol^.

North Carolina has grown in the past ten years. The rate of growth has been less than national aveiage, in almost every category of population, per capita income. and other facU-s. There is real doubt that the 1960 census will show North Carolina still leading the South in percentage growth, in population or economic development.

The prime requisite for charts ing a future course is an honest appraisal of our present position.

From 1940 to 1950, accordingr to the cenaus figures, Greenvilles population increased by slightly over 4,000 people or by about 32 per cent. An increase of 82 per cent from 1950 to 1960 would put the population of the city now at slightly more than 22,000. If Greenville, during the past 10 years, has enjoyed growth equal to that from 1930 to 1940, the present population is even higher because from 1930 to 1940 the local population increased by approximately 36 per cent

In six months or so the census-takers will let us know what they have found, and all the guessing will be over. Provided, of course, the census-takers dont get accused of shoid>changing some of the cities, towns or counties on their counts.

One Surplus Wed All Like To See Next Year

If President Eisenhowers prediction of a four billion dollar federal surplus at the end of the coming fiscal year materializes, it will be one of the most welcome steps in the federal fiscal policy in many years.

For the better part of three decades now the federal government has leaned heavily upon deficit financing to carry on the increasingly costly business of the government. During the period taxes have constantly gone up, the total revenue produced by these taxes has mounted rapidly, but with few exceptions .the government each year has spent more than it has taken in.

As a result the federal debt has mounted to astronomical proportions and the annual cost of merely paying the interest on the $290 billion debt runs into hundreds of millions of tax dollars.

President Eisenhower's proposal to use the anticipated four billion dollar surplus at the end of the next fiscal year to reduce the national debt is a positive step in the right direction. The big question, however, is two-fold: 1. will the surplus materialize? and 2. if it does, will it be used to reduce the national debt?

A good many things can happen to influence federal fiscal policies before the end of the next fiscal year. To a large extent, the matter of a surplus or more red figures at the end of the fiscal year will depend on what Congress does when it gets around to approving appropriations. If Congress sees to it that appropriations are kept below anticipated revenues, we may reasonably expect a surplus at the end of the year which can be applied against the debt. If, on the "Other hand, Congress fails to hold spending within the means of the country, more deficit financing will be the result.

In his state of the union message yesterday. President Eisenhower proposed in effect that a systematic method of reducing the national debt be included in the annual budget adopted by Congress. Such a pro7 gram long has been needed by the nation. Only by following some sound program aimed at the goal of reducing the debt can the nation hope to be relieved of the tremendous burden the staggering debt places upon taxpayers.

Such a program might delay for a few years any real reduction in taxes so far as the American people are concerned. But even if it does, the taxpayers have won rather than lost. In recent years they have received no significant relief from federal taxes anyway, and on top of that the deferred payment of government costs illustrated by the national debt*has continued to mount.

Congress and the administration must face squarely the necessity for the federal government to meet the needs of the nation ^nd at the same time live within its means. If that step is taken, the othBrs will follow in order.

jQst Chance To

By ALVIN TAYLOB

Fresh From The Cuf::

Some folks are never satisfied.

Dr. Herbert Hadley spent considerable time designing tbe hula hooping Santa Claus which stood on his front lawn during the Christmas season.

The Santa attracting considerable attention facing on UB. 13-N.C. 11-N.C. 43 in Hillsdale as it did.*

. But it made one person angry, according to the physician.

A young boy came to Dr. Hadley the other day.

Im mad. the * frowning youngster said.

Oh, why is that? the doctor asked.

I went up to that Santa Claus

and told him what I wanted for Christmas and he wouldnt even say a word, the pouting youngster replied. AU he did was stand thn6 and hula-hoop.

Dr. Hadley told the youngster hed try to do something about it before next Christmas.

Received a telephone call from one William O. (Billy) Jordan formerly one of Greenvilles staunchest bachelors, yesterday.

As usual in the afternoon we had our feet propped on the desk and we were studjring the ceiling through half closed eyes.

Td like to report a plane crash with 96 people aboard, were

Billys first words.

Jittery from the recent crash, we sat bolt upright quicker than if the boss had walked In.

Where? we demanded.

Then Billy owned up with a laugh that he was back In town, and with a bride.

Seems this young tobacconist

' ;Room .ooks mpty

By HAL BOYLE

new YORK (AP)Theres something missing In our bouse.

Two comers of our living room look awfully empty. They are where our Christmas trees stood.

Perhaps it is now a little too late or far too early to talk about Christmas. Most people get a bit surfeited with the holiday season, the hysteria of giving and receiving, the repetition of the carola nd expressions of good cheer, the sometimes forced stmosphere of gaiety.

They are a.Mt glad to say goodby to it aU. and to get down to the bedrock effort and resumption of routine that comes with the New Year.

But somehow Christmas never hits me harder than when the time comes to take down the tree. There is something so Irretrievably final about defrocking this woodland Cinderella, center for so brief s time of hearth and heart, and tossing her into the nearest sshcan. It makes me feel almost like s traitor to my better nature. It seems like an act of disloyalty.

This year for the first time we had two Chrlstmss trees, snd both were perfect. One was s talli elegantly spare spruce. The other was of shimmering aluminum.

The evergreen tree was for ourselves sod our 6-year^ki dsugbter Tracy Aim. You cant beat a real tree for people. Nothing else quite sstlsfles them.

The nMJtsl tree wss for our IS-month-old cat. Lady Dottie. Last year she kept overturning our pine Christmas tree by climbing it and trying to snatch the baubles off its boughs.

We figured this year that if wa gave her a tree of her own she would behsve better. And, sure enough, she did. She understood very quickly that the aluminum tree was her very own. Our only problem was that she kept gnawing at the metal leaves until I was afraid her ribs would turn silver.

Strength

,Seems this youag tobacconist n rp 2

and man-about-town left the ranks I-I of the single during the holidays * y

Other Editors Saying... The Average Eliminated

while in Kentucky.

Anjrway Biny wanted the Reflector delivered to his new home in College View Apartments. Today will be the fint day be receives the paper and we just wanted to welcome him and his bride to the ever growing family of Reflector readers.

Call The Tune

By JAMES MARLOW WASHINGTON (AP)-Thia Is the Democrats last chance to throw off President Elsenhowers Indian sign. But they probably wont. Hes had it on them for years.

Three times In a row since 1954 the country has watched the extraordinary spectacle of a Republican President dealing with a Democratic-run Congress, a situation made to order for brawls and bruises.

Instead, the Democrats got Into few quarrels with Elsenhower, didnt call names, were mostly docile and, particularly last year, moved like sheep under prodding.

This was most remarkable last year when Democrats, as a result of the 1958 elections, ou^:

There were some practical political reasons for the shoving, of course: This is both a presidential suid congressional election year and the closer to election day popular legislation is passed the more apt the voters are to remember.

Stm, while there is talk-in the new session of Congress about big and bold performances, the rest of the country can Calmly maintain a show me attitude until talk becomes a reality.

It will probably be Eisenhower who does the punching this year, as he did last, by banging at the Democrats to keep down ding. Arguments about the '

spcmdu

budget

will occupy most of the year.

There will be political entanglements, for sure, since, with the

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ii II. 6 III I

numbered Republicans in Con-""^xception of Adlal Stevenson,

gress by the greatest majority since early New Deal days.

They complained about Eisenhowers lack of leadership. But they showed scant aggrat-slvenedS of their own. Their most consistent quality throughout these years has been a healthy respect for the popular Elsenhower.

It was almost as if he had them hypnotized or they felt It was the better part of political wisdom not to antagonize the voters who seemed highly pleased with Eisenhower, as they showed by electing him twice.

The result last year was a-^ mediocre congressional performance, with Democrats joining with Republicans in shoving under the rug until 1960 legislation which could have been tackled in 1959. Civil rights > and aid to education, for example, again.

the only would-be presidential candidates now in sight in both parties are concentrated in the Senate.

Even if the Democrats want to kick over the traces by belittling Elsenhowers presidency, .hell probably still be able to keep them in a trance by playing up the peace theme, supplemented by hlB journeys in search of it.

The Democrats would be in an awkward spot if they try to play rough with a President who. although neaiing 70 and retirement. is working more strenuously than at any time since entering the White House.

It seems a good guess that I960 will be a busy year but not a rambunctious one. at least In the Democrats dealings with Elsenhower. Last year he-piped and they danced. This year he can be expected to call the tune

(Washington Daily News)

When school opens next September, one of the leading Pacific Coast colleges will admit only those students in the Freshman class who were in the top 12^ percent of the high school senior class.

With more and more boys and girls seeking college admlttaiu:e. we all realize that there must be certain standards upon which to ba]se admissions. But to base the chances of a youngster attending college altogether on the academic average earned in high school leaves much to be desired.

If only those students who in high school rated in the top 12Vs percent of the class are to be chosen, then the average boy and the average girl are thereby eliminated. And this is a sad state of affairs.

We will be witnessing a situation where the bookworm can enroll but not the well rounded boy or girl who migdit stand between the 50 percent mark and the 87V4 percent mark.

With so many young people anxious to get into college, within the next few years we are going to see more and more of this picture where the average student is eliminated. And it is a sad conunentary in many ways to have to make on American education.

What is to happen to-the average student? Where are they to go for higher education? AU we can say ih answer to these questions is that the future looks dark for them.

We have seen many young boys and girls from smaUer high schools enroU in college.

They have a tough time perhaps for the first two years. But gradually they find themselves, and they emerge as outstanding students in their junior and senior years. We have seen many boys and girls who in high school never learned to study. They spend the first two years in college mastering this art, but they, too. emerge as outstanding students and leaders. All too often with standards going up, these boys and girls will be eliminated. And America stands to lose a lot of greatness and much leadership from this picture. And we feel that well be poorer In the field of knowledge because we didnt recognize the potentials in Uie average high school boy or girl.

The-truth of the matter is that in America today we just dont have enough colleges. If we had double the number of colleges we have now, there would be competition among these colleges for students.

We must face up not only to the predicament wc find ourselves today, but we must look at what the future holds. America just cannot afford to eliminate the average boy and girl from the opportunity to establish themselves in a world where academic training is so necessary.

America has a responsibility to all our youngsters. Our bookworms are seldom leaders. Leadership most often comes from the average boys and girls. All smart students are not bookworms. and we recognize that fact. Wc also recognize that average students are seldom stupid.

An ear-spUtfing explosion vir^ tually shook the buildings on Third St. near the Post office recently.

Pedestrians stopped in tbeir tracks. They looked up and down the street and to the tops of the

buildings.

Then the door of a car which had stopped in the middle of the street slowly opened.

College student Jack Calhoun climbed out and surveyed hla. front tire. A big hole had Mown through the side. With a sigh he opened the truck and pulled out the jack and the spare to make repairs.

Henry BeUc told this one at the ECC Board of Trustees meeting Tuesday.

It seems two men were looking over a camel with Us long neck and double hump back one day.

Its hard to ImaMne how anything that strange looking was ever put together, said one of the two.

Thats not hard to imagine. said the second man. It was done by a committee.

By EARL L. DOUGLASS RELIGION AND SCIENCE I guess Im an Incurable skeptic but X just cant assent to most relifknis doctrines. They appear to roe to conflict wifii weU'known and accepted sMenii-fic facts.

So many believe and say. But sdence and religion should never conflict because they deal with two differeot realms, and. if we keep these realms weU defined in our minds and separate one from the other, science and religiao will never cenfbci.

Science deals with the physical world. If a scientist says that he finds no evidence within the realm of sdence for the existence of God or the possibility or miracles, he is precisely correct in his statemeqis. For science does not deal with the same realities as does religion. God, heaven, and the angels are not within the scope of those activities in which the scientist takes part. The scientist may be a thoroughly religious man. but he is a religious man in addition to being a scientistnot because he is a scientist.

Religion deals with supernatural realities. Its truth is apprehended by faith and by faUh alone. This does not mean that there is no reason in religion. There is plenty of reason in religin but reUfion does not begin with reasonit begbis with faith.

Science and religion operate in different fields. They need never conflict.

Opinions In Brie::

The fact that private capital is still bdng used to build huge generating planta in the face of government competition la noteworthy. We feel that private capital* can do the job better and that so long as it is willing to do the job the government should stay out of the power-generating business. Bishop-ville (B.C.) Lee County Messenger.

power to determine wages in an Industry, and working conditions and thus the cost of production, it also almost automatically would have the power to fix pricesfor, In effect, its power of fixing production costs would be fixing prices.The Shreveport Times.

'If government gains the

There is a big difference between notoriety and popularity, but a lot of folks never realize it.^Anderson Independent.

Steps To . Halt Outflow Of Golc.

OPERATION

7-12

A DOZEN DOES IT

Br ELMER ROESSNER

There are many things the United StRtes could do to check the outflow of gold. ,

The outflow is caused by the fact that we are> spending more money abroad then foreign nations are spending here. The foreign nations can take the difference in gold or credits. The fact that they take only a fraction in gold shows they still value American credits.

But the dollar cannot remain souhd if the gold backing diminishes at the rate it has done In recent years. At the atari of 1958, the U. S. held 122.8 biUien. At the start' of 1959, we had S20.5 billion. Today we have $19.5 billion. We may lose another billion this year. POSSIBLE STEPS There are many actions we could take to dam the flow. We could devalue ^le dollar or we could ehibargo' the export of gold. Either step would lose prestige and damage the economies of friendly nations.

Or we could discourage travel abroad by limiting amounts Uavelrrs could take aith them;

we could cut our bases abroad; we could cut out foreign aid; we could jack up tariffs. Each of those actions would be a blow to friendly nations.

But thre are some constructive steps we could take. Such

as:

1. Encourage more travel by forelgnera here. The Department of Commerce and the travel industry are promoting 1960-Vlsit U.S.A. Year. This will help. But if we really want to bring in large numbers of tourists, we might consider offering cheaper dollars to travelers. Other countries, notably Russia, offer currency bargains to intourlsls.

2. Sell harder abroad. This la perhaps the most important field. It would Involve cldser studies of foreign needs;.closer following of crating and packaging for foreign markets; more advertising and more salesmen-

Selling harder abroad is important right now because opportunities appear to be abundant. Because of the drought last summer, Europe needs more oodstus; because of the

lack of Steel during the strike, many countries need steel; because of greater emphasis on defense Rud travel, other nations are eager for jet and other aircraft.

However, in aellinc abroad we must recognize one handicap. The high UJ3. wage scale tends to make U.S. products cost more than those made in low-wage countries. This can be offset only by greater automation and production of superior goods.

STABILIZED ECONOMY WOULD HELP

3. Check inflation. Continuing inflation, price rises, pay rises and other fluctuation in the United States tem^ to make foreign holders of U.S. credits nervous.. Many feel that if dollars left in this country con-

nue to shrink, theyd better ke them out in the form of gold. Foreign individuals cannot exchange currency for gold, but they can deposit their currency in a central bank, which can get gold for it

4. Appeal to our allies. The soundness of the dollar Is almost as Important to our alnes

ii

as it is to us. If the dollar should crack so would their own currencies, their own economies.

So government pressure in this direction appears to have been quietly exerted, but more may be needed. Foreign nations should be encouraged to do more of tbeir buying in the U. S., to take additional steps against dumping of their products on the U. S. market, to encourage travel, and take other positive action.

IF HOGS WONT .THEN DRINKERS

The Kenya Gover

considering an order . _____

East African breweries to use domestic barley In beer production. The hog Industry has fallen off in the last two years, leaving a surplus of barley ordin lly fed to the swine.

GOVERNMENT SAMPLING .COMPACT CARS

In purchasing' 6,500 vehicles for delivery to vaMous governmental agencies early this year, the General Services Administration asked for bids on 300 imallcr American cars.