PAGE FOUR

JHE

DAILY REFLXCTOR, GREENVILLE. N. C

Mondf^y December 26, 1959

Mq^nday, December 28, 1959

I Always Work Holidays

Demos Now Have One Big Target

Gov. Nelson Rockefellers announcement that he will not be a candidate for the presidential nomination on the Republican ticket has the effect of making the Republican nomination campaign pretty much a one-man race with Vice President Richard Nixon that man.

Gov. Rockefellers announcement he will not seek the presidential nomination and further that he will not consider the vice-presidential post came as a surprise to most observers who were looking for a Rockefeller-Nixon fight for the nomination. The New York governor has spent considerable time in recent months traveling about the country, making speeches and greeting supporters. Most of his stops drew' considerable and apparently enthusiastic support among independent voters as w'ell as from Republican ranks.

This reaction served to add to the speculation that Rockefellers official announcement, when it came, w'ould put his hat in the ring. Now just the opposite has happened. Rockefeller has removed himself officially from the race. It leaves Nixon as the only major contender, and certainly he is far ahead of any other hopeful that may be waiting in the wdngs of the Republican presidential sweepstakes.

From the standpoint of the Democratic Party, it means that attention can now be concentrated on Nixon without worrying too much about the presidential potential of Gov. Rockefeller, certainly so far as 1960 is concerned. With Rockefeller out of the picture there are heavy odds against anything upsetting the

"ndividuals. Are Hedrt Of News

By LYNN NISBET NAMES It is axiomatic that names make news. To have any meaning at all every news story must include names of persons and places and dates. Individual persons make up the composite society in which we live and their personal characteristics have controlling influence on the course of eventwhich become recorded history.

The Greensboro Daily News the other day had an editorial based on a New York Times Magazine article by the renowm-ed British hLstorian, Arnold Toynbee, in which he poses the Question whether great men make histor>, or does history make great men? By implication the Greensboro editor challenges Toynbees conclusion, lor that he has included among history-makers a number of contemporaries. In effect, that means Toynbee is leaving the role of historian and assuming the prerogatives of prophet, makers Toynbee includes Presi-Churchill and Nikita Khrushchev, along With Franklin D. Roosevelt and Mahatma Gandhi. Of course, these men have made historyas did every other person who has ever lived. Perspective is too short to determine whether they deserve the rating of great men.

Historian-prophet Toynbee is encompassing the whole world in his appraisal of proven or prospective greatness. Lets reduce the limits to the United States, and then to North Carolina. There are numerous monuments In Washington to historically great men. The Washington monument dominates the landscape <and isnt half as high as some radio-television towers In North Carolina).

There are multi-million dollar memorials to Thomas Jefferson and Abraham Lincoln, and less pretentious monuments to generals and senatorswhom nobody remembers as great men. Latest addition to the Washington list is the million-dollar monument to Robert A. Taft on publicly owned property near the national capitol.

MONUMENTS The General Assembly of North Carolina some years ago enacted a law providing that no monument could be erected on capitol square until the honoree had been dead for at least 25 years. (A comparable Federal statute aould have precluded the Taft memorial at Washington.)

^ Your reporter is reminded of a tour he made with a high school -boy around Capitol Square at Raleigh. The lad could understand why the people of North Carolina should pay for a monument honoring all Confederate soldiers, and another honoring the women of the Confederacy. He could understand why a monument to George Washington shoutd be given top position, and

why the three Presidents of the United States claimed as North Carolina natives should be honoredeven though all three were elcted from Tenne.ssee after they left Carolina. He knew about Zeb Vance and Charles B. Aycock and approved monuments in their honor. He didnt object to the monument for Charles Duncan Mclver, the great evangel of higher education for women.

He could not understand, and your reporter could not explain to him, why there are monuments on Capitol Square to Henry Wyatt and Worth Bagley because they allegedly were the first men to fall in deader than all the other soldiers who were killed, he said, and it looks like the monuments should be for the fellows who really fought the year.

The concept of memorials has changed. Bronze and marble monuments are out of date. But, said the highschool lad, the whole State of North Carolina ought to establish some kind of memorial monument to Walter Hines Page, who really inspired the educational renaissance led by Aycock. Alderman. Mclver and Joyner by the State, without waiting for the 25 year lapse against erecting a monument.

HISTORY Many people have gained historic recognition for what they did. Others have achieved the same goal for what they wereinherent character rather than specific achievements. Distinction is difficult to make, and there are overlapping factors. Every Governor who has served since turn of the century probably could qualify in eitheror bothcategory. Again it w'ill take historic perspective to evaluate their contributions.

The Bickett regime, co-incident with World War I; the Ehringhaus term in middle of the great depression; tenures of Governors Broughton and Cherry during World War II, came at times when major emphasis was on national survival rather than State progress. To considerable degree similar appraisal must be made of the Hoey administration which came between the depression and the second World War. What these men werebulwarks to hold the line, to keep from slipping backward was more important than progressive advancement during their terms. Even 50, the record will show progressand the job tbev did in holding fast to tradition, the stability of Nortn Carolinas creu-it and honormade possible the progressive developments of intervening and subsequent adnn-istrations. The administration of Morrison, McLean. Gardner, Scott, Umstead and Hodges, could not have accomplished their goals without the sound foundations laid by the Governors who were precluded by conditions beyond their control from effectuating their programs.

Nixon bandwagon. That means the Democrats can be fairly well assured that regardless of whom they nominate, Nixon will be the opponent. Such a situation will give the Democrats ample time to plan their anti-Nixon ammunition.

It may also mean that the GOP national convention next summer will lack much of the color and enthusiasm that it might otherwise have had with two or more serious contenders for the nomination. Whether this will help or hurt the GOP nominees so far as the voters of the nation are concerned remains to be seen.

Rockefellers assertion that his decision is definite and final shuts the door with a bang so far as a later reconsideration is concerned . . . and the Republicans, it appears, will have to go with Nixon in spite of the fact that many of them obviously are not at the moment enthusiastic about their choice".

Already We Can See No Magic At Summit

For those w'ho may have looked on the forthcoming summit conference between Western leaders and Premier Khru.shchev as a love feast in which all the worlds problems would be quickly resolved, the lat-e.st development in plans for the conference may give preview of things to come.

The date suggested by President Eisenhower and other Wc.stern leaders didnt suit Premier Khrushchev and he suggested two alternative dates. Whether either of these will suit all the Western leaders or whether still another date will have to be found is a moot question.

In spite of the fact that Premier Khrushchev appeared to agree to the proposed site and other general arrangements for the summit conference offered by the West, the trouble over the date points up the complications that are sure to arise when the heads of state sit down to discuss the worlds problems.-

The date of such a meeting, it would seem, should be the easiest of all matters to resolve. Yet it surely will be several days, or even perhaps several weeks before even that problem is resolved. How much, then, can we expect to be resolved when the heads of state sit down and allot a week to discussing international problems? The decisions they reach will be much more important than on whaf^ate they meet. And the considerations involved on both sides will be vastly more complex than whether or not a specific date for the proposed meeting is convenient.

Better understanding between East and West on some few' points may come from the Paris-in-the-spring summit confei^ence, but the very fact that the leaders have trouble .settling on a date should suggest that the meeting will be no panacea for world problems. The summit conference can be looked on as a step tow'ard relieving international tension, but in all fairness, it can hardly be looked on as more than that.

For the citizens of the free world to expect magic when President Eisenhower, Prime Minister Macmillan and President deGaulle sit down with Prime Minister Khrushchev, would be a serious mistake indeed.

Money Problems

'V'-/

By HAL BOYLE

"terns

earned In Mails

race us loday

NEW YORK (AP-Things a columnist might never know if he didnt open Ms mail:

Most Americans arent snooty. In a recent poll only three per cent felt they belonged to the upper class. and only two per cent admitted mem-bersMp In the lower class. The overwhelming majority felt they were in either the wor-\ng class or The middle class.

Did you know more man-caused forest fires start on Sunday than any other day? The reason is simple. Thats when more city slickers go camping or hunting.

Patriotic papa: Paul Revere was one of the busiest of our Founding Fathers. He had 16 children8 each by 2 wives. And by the way, do you know offhand the first name of George WasMngtons father? It Was Augustine.

The medical theory behind penicillin and other popular antibiotics isnt really new. The

Chinese were using soybean mold to treat disease 1,000 years before Christ. Chinese monks also perfected another kind of self-defense, jujitsu, about 2,000 years ago.

Out quotable notables: Too much power and parUcolarly too much riches are tnc bi ne of republicsHarry S. Tioman.

Do you keep a gun ii> >'our house? Then it might ink-est you to know that of some r.OOO accidental shooting casualizes each year in the United States, including 2,500 fatalities, abo>, half take place in the horn,

Nature lore; If you pick up a queen bee in your hand, she wont sting you. She uses her royal stinger only on other queen bees. Father bees, known as drones, wont sting you either, as they have no stinger.

How do you tell a mountain from a molehill? This is the usual test: To be considered a mountain, the land must rise sharply by at least 1,000 feet.

Signs of the times: Outside a marriage license bureau, Are

you fit to be tied?

The term bootleggin predates the proMbition era. It originated with the men who peddled whisky illegally to the Indians. They carried the bottles of forebidden firewater concealed in the legs of their boots.

Sir Winston Churchill, who once gambled for the highest stakes in human history, used to like to play bezique. But now his favorite cai'd game is draw poker.

Family problem; Some 400.000 children under 12 in th^ United States have to care for themselves while their mothers work-in the wealthiest land on earth.

How to stay young: To forget. says author Erich Maria Remarque, is the secret of eternal youth.

Historical note: Can you

name which president was in office when the World War I ended? It was Warren G. Harding. not Woodrow Wilson. The treaties officially ending the war with Germany and Austria Hungary werent ratified until July 2, 1921, although hostilities actually ended Nov. 11, 1918.

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By RALPH ROBEY

There are many problems facing the nation today wMch will have a profound influence upon our future. Among the more important are:

1. Management of the public debt. Our federal debt is now about $290 billion and too much of it comes due within five years. Every rossible effort is being made to change this but not much can be done. Many of the longer term issues already outstanding are selling at prices which give a yield of above 4U per cent, and since under the law that is the maximum rate which can be offered by the government we are faced with the fact that the Treasury cannot sell any obligation of five years or longer maturity. Since the ceiling does not apply to anything with a maturity of less than five year.s, the Treasury is forced to do all its borrowing and refunding in this short end of the market. The net effect of this is to drive up short-term interest rates and increase the cost of carrying the public debt.

2. International deficit. Currently we are running a deficit in our international balance of payments of approximately $4 billion a year. We are still selling more goods abroad than we are buying and there is every reason to assume that this will continue. The deficit comes from various financial transactions. Secretary of the Treasury Anderson recently summarized the complicated statistics in this area by saying that we are spending about $3 billion a year on the military abroad, some $2^ billion on mutual aid. and that there Is about $2 billion of private invest

ment. Each of these involves basic policy matters, and reducing them appreciably will be extremely difficult.

3. Inflation. On an over - all basis wholesale prices have remained stable for the past two years, but the staoility has been only on the surface. The prices of farm products and processed foods have been declining and the drop in these has been sufficient to offset the rise in other items. For several months we also had the same type of offset in the Consumers Price Index. Food declined enough in price to counter-balance rises in all other categories. In six of the past seven months, however, the index has risen, and it now stands at an all - time high.

4. Inadequate saving. In dollar amount the volume of saving in the country is enormous. In spite of this it is not large enough to take care of the d-mand except at what are termed high rates of interest. For the Federal Reserve System to at-temp to change this situation by providing more lending power to the commercial banks would give a further impetus to inflation, and there is no reason to assume that any real move in this direction will made. The only sound answer is given in the following paragraph.

5. Taxes and government spending. There is no particular percentage of national income wMch when exceeded by taxes means private enterprise must wither and die. But there is a proportion beyond wMch growth and a rising standard of living is severely hindered. We have passed that point. It is imperative that government

(Continued on Page )

Other Editors Saying .

Point System Working? Opinions

"n Brief

(Rocky Mount Telegram)

State Sen. J. Spencer Bell of Mecklenburg, is justifiably disturbed over a situation in North Carolina involving the new point system of traffic violations. Sen. Bell charges that hundreds of North Carolinas point system violators are going unrecorded, in Raleigh because of poor supervision in courts of the state.

Bell, a leading exponent of court reform in this state, declares: There is no person

charged with the responsibility ot supervision the clerks of our varied courts ,who are supposed to report to the Motor Vehicles Department the hundreds of con-vlstions, or to show them how to make these reports, or even provide forms on wMch to make the reports.

Bell spoke of JP courts and mayors courts in some of the states more remote counties. One insurance company spokesman said many of the states leading traffic experts are disturbed by the trend and believe 30 to 50 per cent of violations are not being charged against Tar Heel drivers.

The states point system, adopted by the 1959 General Assembly, allows the state to revoke a drivers license if the driver picks up 12 points within a period of two years. Various offenses bring different numbers of points. Wallace Hyde, director of the driver education division of the Motor Vehicles De

partment said: On the basis of procedures followed in North Carolina it is impossible to say what percentage of violations are not being turned in.

There is a possibility that all are not being turned in but this is purely an assumption. We have no way of knowing that this is a fact. We are at the mercy of the courts in all cases except for violations charged by the State Highway Patrol. What can be done to help correct this inefficiency in what would otherwise be a strong traffic program?

Well, for one thing, we could try a uniform traffic ticket system. Says Hyde: "If there were a uniform traffic ticket in use by all law enforcement agencies, then a copy of this would have to come to Raleigh from every police agency and the state would have a way of following up the disposition of the case.

Bell agrees. He said hes seen these uniform traffic tickets. They have three or four carbons one goes to the person charged, one to the local court, one to the central administrative office of the court. Thus, they are like certified checks. Everyone is accounted for.

And Sen. Bell, who headed the State Bar Association committee for court reform, concludes: A uniform ticket is the only way to stop ticket fixing. But, again, a uniform ticket will not work unless you have a unified system of courts.

The voter w'ho would be informed is advised to keep an eye on all the 1960 presidential aspirants. Which is a little toughj, since none of them ever stays put more than a day at a time. Richmond Tlmes-Dis-patch.

Appearances to the contrary, machines do not eliminate jobs. 'They create them.Charleston Daily Mall,

THE UNITED WAV

Hazard

In Easy

iivina

By ROGER BABSON

BABSON PARK. Mass., Recently I visited the home where I was born and spent my boyhood. I saw the lawn that I cut with a hand sickle every week. Mowing machines were not then known. Now i tis cut with a gasoUne-propelled motor requiring very little effort by the person who runs it. Furthermore, h is not one of the boys of the family, but a full-grown hired man.

TIMES HAVE ALREADY CHANGED TO MAKE SOFTIES"

The school I attended was a mile from my house. Schools then had two sessions each day.

This meant walking four miles per day. If I attended this school now, I would be taken in a city bus. Then, upon arriving at the school. I would exercise in a beautiful gymnasium built by the city and directed by an athletic instructor. The whole program today seems crazy to me.

I believe in progress. My whole life has been given to the study of new products and new processes. These are the basis of growth investments,* which my clients are seeking.

But do we think about what kind of growth Are the electronics which automatically open the supermarket doors making us stronger or softer WHAT ABOUT CITY TAXES

What is the test wMch city governments have for spending city money This is the question I like to ask city managers and councUmen who are responsible for the expenditures and the tax rate. These men fail to answer me. They really have no test, but operate on the old principle that the wheel wMch squeaks^ the most gets the grease.

In fact these officials try to do what the majority of the people ask them to do. That is why taxes are high. I believe in the employment of city managers; but they are human and must please the voters to hold their jobs. Perhaps we should have city dictators for specified terms instead of city managers who can be fired at any time.

AN IMPORTANT FORGOTTE.N

TEST

Chkies spend most of their tax money on free schools, frea roads, fre fire and police protection, and free old-age benefits, These latter are especially popular becffliuse they relieve the young people from., taking care of their elders. The free * good roads, and police and fire protection are demanded by the big insurance companies: while the free schools provide parking places for mothers to leave their children during the day.

The next appeal will be for free baby sitters. Why not I forecast that barring World War III free baby sitters will one day be provided by our city fathers.

When city officials turn to me and ask what test I would make for spending public money, I reply: There are several tests, but one of the most important would be whether the expenditure would make the citys young people softer or harder. This test need not be limited to young people; it could be applied to all voters. It should be applied to school appropriations especially.

Any city appropriation which makes its citizenry softer should be cut out.

CHARACTER AHEAD OF

- PROFITS^

The test of a nation is the growth of its people,physically Intellectually, and spiritually. Money and so-called prosperity are of very little account. Ination or war or labor unipns could make our dollar of little value. This would result in much higher taxes and cost of living, and finally In revolution. Babylon, Persia, Greece, Rome, Spain, and France all had their turn in being the richest in the world. Instead of saving them, their so-called prosperity ruined them.

Our nation is now rated the richest; but it could easily become a second-class nation and head downward. Money will not save us. Big crops will not save us. Stock exchanges and banks will not save us. Already our gold at Fort Knox Ls diminishing. Only a sane spiritual revival which changes the desires of our people will save us. VJje must be filled with a desire to render service, to seek strength rather than security, to put character ahead of profits. Even the democracy for wMoli our fathers fought and bled could result in our downfall.

Strength For Today

Cash Aid For Public Officials

By EARL L. DOUGLASS THE KING OF LOVE

They all were looking for a king,

To slay their foes and lift them high;

Thou camst, a little baby thing, That made a woman cry.

The wise of the world had it all figured out how the Messiah, would come and under what circumstances. But He did not come when they were expecting Him, and when He did come. He was sometMng quite different from what they had pictured. They thought that at least He would cast Himself down from the plnacle of the temple. There would be, a host of angels with Him. The Roman Invader would be driven out. The glory of Israel would be restored. The nation which had been trodden under the feet of man would now rise up to a

place of first Importance in world affairs

But instead of that there was an infants wail in a stable in Bethlehem. A woman who was Gods handmaiden and a man who had been divinely commissioned to protect her took a little babe in their arms and thought about Him and reared Him as fond parents always do. There had been the assurance that He would save Israel. He was to do more than this He was to save the world.

But He would do It in a way which caused many of His contemporaries to hate Him and finally to slay Him. They had areamed of an earthly King using weapons of earthly warfare, He came as Gods gift of a real King,

The king of love my shepherd is Whose goodness faileth never.

By ELMER ROESSNER The case of Hulan E. Jack in New York raises some Issues that concern every office-holder in the land. Mr. Jack is borough president of Manhattan, the highest paid elective job in the nation to be held by a Negro.

An attorney, who was seeking city approval of a $30,0(X),000 slum clearance project at the tme, paid - a $5,500 bill for remodeling the Jack apartment. Both said it was in the nature of a loan.

The question of whether this was ethical and legal will be decided in New York. But left unanswered will be the question; What can public officials do who need money?

WHERE TO TURN?

Suppase a mayor, or a councilman, or a state legislator needs money because of an operation In his family, and urgent need for a redecorated home, or a vacation as relief from overwork.

If he has savings, a rich wife wife or well-belted relatives, there may be no problem. If not , how does he raise the wind?

If he turns to friends, it may happen that sooner or later they may want some political favor; a zoning easement, a job for an idiot nephew, or support for a profitable slum clearance project. In fact, to whom can a public official turn who may not some day want a political favor? BANKS A PROBLEM

Why not then turn to a bank and make a regular loan?

Bankers are conditioned to expect favors for granting loans. If you make a business loan at a bank, it expects you to keep the unexpended balance on deposit with It, not with the savings and loan association acro.ss the street. It may expect you to keep yoiu" checking account with it. especially if it has a high average balance.

But bankets are basically hon

est. Sure they are. If a mayor is indebted to a bank, the bank would not expect him to vote for a measure if his conscience wouldn't let him. But it would surely expect him to listen carefully to the banks arguments.

And this pressure has been even greater. One legislator I knew told me that his bank had told him that It wouldnt renew his mortgage if he voted against a certain bill. Not that plainly, of course. A friend at the bank simply told him that If the bill was not passed, the bank would be subject to higher taxes and would then have to review its mortgage position.,,

A .SOLUTION

Clearly, it is difficult for an elected official to borrow money from anyone except from family members without exposing himself to pre.ssure or. perhaps, grand jury investigation. There are two alternatives: doing

without and taking graft.

Perhaps some of the founda

tions might look Into it. The big ones have about $2 billion in resources. There ought to be enough there to set up a loan company for elected officials. It should not cost: interest should carry the investment, perhaps make a penny for the sponsoring foundation.

Of course, thees always a danger that some legislation concerning foundations, or loan-making subsidiaries, may pop up. And that might imply/some obligation on the pariyof elected borrowers.

STRIKE DIMS HOPES OF HANDLING (puSTRY

The long steel strtKb--w41Lcoat manufacturers of material ladling equipment half of their pected business increase In I960, according to W.A. Meddick, president of the Elwell-Parkef Electric Co.. a leading producer of industrial trucks. The' strike, he said, caused many companies to hold up purchases of capital ej^uipment. i