PAGE FOURTHE DAILY REFLECTOR, GREEffVILLE, N. C

Tuesday, Decem'ber 1, 1959

Tuesday, December 1, 1959

TOPography

Momentous Year For Education

The j^ear of 1960 will be a momentous one for hig^her education in Eastern North Carolina and one of significance for all of North Carolina. According to present plans, the fall of 1960 will mark the opening of three new four-year colleges in this section of the state.

Consolidated Presbyterian College at Laurinburg is to officially open its doors at the beginning of the fall term in 1960, and the two new four-year Methodist colleges at Fayetteville and Rocky Mount are also scheduled to begin regular classes.

Any year in which a new college begins operations in North Carolina is an important year for higher education and the state. But for a year to bring the of the doors of three brand new four-year colleges is an achievement that never before has been recorded in North Carolina and in few if any other states.

F'inancial support which has been forthcoming for these three new denominational colleges since the initial moves were made for their establishment has been indicative of the keen interest Tar Heels have in higher education. It is also indicative of recognition by the people, particularly in this part of the state that more facilities for liigher education must be had

Who Speaks For The Democrats?

By LYNN NISBET

WHO SPEAKS? There is frowing uncertainty as to who or what group has authority to apeak for the Democratic party. This has been true at national level for a long time. It is just reaching the stage of confusion In North Carolina.

Chairman Paul Butler has as-rerted oracular authority to peak for the Democratic party at largeand when he feels that he needs support he calls upon an advisory committee which he named, rather than the committee chosen by the Democrats in convention as-emblcd.

On occasion Harry Truman, only surviving Democratic ex-president and Adlai Stevenson, most recent presidential nominee. have purported to speak for the party. Seldom a week goes by without one or more United States Senators assum-ixig to commit the party to some course of action beyond the Senate chamber.

Greatest confusion exLsts among the numerous authorities purporting the speak for the South often with widely divergent views. Twelve Southern Governors at the Asheville conference issued separate statements declaring that their states would not think of leaving the regular Democratic party. Only Governor Fritz HoUings of South Carolina dissented. (Of the 16 members of the conference, two are Republicans and onethe Governor of Texaswas absent.)

At the instance of Governor HoUings, representatives of several Southern States met in Columbia last Friday night to map strategy. That gathering served to pinpoint the developing confusion as to authoritative voice in North Carolina Democratic circles. And it might indicate sharper factional lines in the party than many observ-fxs had recognized.

UNOFFICIAL John Larkins, national committeeman, was invited. When found he could not go, he designated Herman Moore to reprtsent him. Moore had served as secretary of the State Democratic Committee during the tenure of Larkins as chairman. They are close personal and political Iriends.

State Chairman Woodrow Jones was quick to disavow any connection with the Columbia gathering and issued a statement to the effect that Herman Moore had no authority to represent or speak for the Democratic party of North Carolina. Larkins replied that Moore was going as his personal representative to get the feel of things, and implied that there was no occasion for authoritative speaking.

The whole Incident was of very little consequence on it.s own merit. When considered agaiast the background of State politics it has elements of significance. Larkins is an actively campaigning, although unannounced. candidate for Govern

or. Many people think Woodrow Jones has his eye on that office in 1964 or later. As a member of the national committee Larkins has resented and resisted the dictatorial tactics of Chairman Paul Butler, especially hLs reiterated unfriendly, almost insulting, tirades against the South. He wanted to know what went on at Columbia.

Was the quick disavowal by Chairman Jones an indication that the current State adminLs-tration (Democratic party, not State government) wants larger voice in national affairs than members of the national committee? A little known fact is that prior to 957 the Democratic party in North Carolina had no legal relationship with the national party. The party Plan of Organization wa.s revised to provide for the selection of delegates to the national convention, and the election laws were amended to exempt presidential electors from the general requirement of nomination by primary and authorize their nomination by convention.

' GOVERNOR The Governor of North Carolina has always occupied an anomalous status in the party. Technically, the Governor, as such, has no position in the Democratic party other than a voting member. The same man who is Governor may also be chosen as a precinct committee, a member of state executive committee, or a delegate to any convention from county up to the national. Such selection is per se individual and p>ersonal, not ex officio as chief executive of the State.

Actually, the Governor has tremendous influence in party councils. He is accorded the privilege, not the inherent right, to name the state chairman and other officials of the party organization. Although, except as an elected delegate and usually chairman of the delegation to the national convention, the Governor has no authority to speak for the party.

In practice, established by tradition of more than half a century, the Governor is the accepted spokesman for the party in both State and National affairs. And, since authority is real only when it is recognized (other times it becomes oppression >, the Governor of North Csu'olina Ls the spokesman for the Democratic party.

A new Governor will be named next year, which means the State of North Carolina w'ill have a new spokesman. Max Gardner retained large# influence after leaving the Governors office, and Luther Hodges gives promise of doing the same thing.

Meantime the little flurrie.s of jealousy and rivalry over who can speak for the party afford basks for interesting speculation about possible new factional lines in North Carolina politic.s. Development.s in Democratic circles will be more important, but some of the same kind of activity is going on among Republicans.

if the demands of the young people of the state are to be met.

The great increase in the number of students seeking college educations in the next two decades will sorely press available facilities even though new colleges are established in preparation for the larger number of students. Eastern North Carolina is fortunate indeed that in addition to anticipated plans for enlarging existing institutions to take care of more students, new institutions are being established to help take care of the need.

Establishment of three new four-year colleges in one year can make a big difference in the number of young people who may be able to attend college in this part of North Carolina. Moreover, the opening of thrro new in.stitutions of higher learning in any state dining a single year cannot help but have a signifi-ciint impact on higher education as a whole in that state.

Should Back Up Their Words On Smoking

Tobacco regions of the South are now getting "some idea of how the cranberry regions of the North and West felt when the Department of Health, Welfare and Education made its cranberry-cancer announcement a couple of weeks ago.

This time tobacco and smoking are the targets of the strong warning by the Public Health Service that asserts evidence implicates smoking as the main cause of the rising rate of lung cancer.

The so-called new information on which the announcement was based has been contested by the tobacco industry which naturally does not have a disinterested viewpoint on the matter. And so far the Public Health Service has not made public this new information which certainly it .should do. If, on the other hand, the assertions have been made on the basis of old information which already has been available, the Health Service in all fairness to the industry and to the public should frankly say so.

Reaction to the announcement by the Public Health Service was immediately reflected in falling prices of major tobacco stocks on the stock market. Further reaction probably will be shown in cigarette sales in the future.

That the announcement by the Public Health Service is damaging to the tobacco industryfrom the grower to the manufacturerthere can be no doubt. And certainly the industry is w'ell within its rights to demand that the government agency responsible for the announcement supply the proof to back up its conclusions. If no such proof exi.sts, then this government agency has done a grave injustice to the tobacco industry.

The people of North Carolinawhere the tobacco industry is the most important in the entire economy cannot afford to remain aloof from the situation. In the long run it could have a dramatic effect on the economy of the entire state, both in manufacturing and in agriculture. In the interest of the state as a whole, government officials as well as leaders in the tobacco industry should join in the demand that the Public Health Service back up its statements or back down from them.

By ALVIN TAYLOR

Teard, Here Anc,

I

n-

We heard about a Greenville tobacconist who went into a favorite restaurant in Kentucky one day.

When the waitress cam4, he ordered roast camels hump served on a toasted bun.

The waitress took the order back to the cook, who also happened to be the cafe owner and a friend of the tobacconist.

Sorry, came back the answer, Were out of buns.

The tobacconist dreamed up another order.

This time has asked for a sliced whale sandwich.

Danged if Im going to mess up a whole whale just to get you one sandwich, came back the reply.

And then we heard about three local sports enthusiasts who heard there was going to be a preview Atlantic Coast Conference basketball game at the Coliseum in Raleigh the other night.

The three dressed casually and took off for Raleigh and the same.

When they got to the door a guard stopped them.

Where do you think youre going? the guard asked.

In the building, one of the three replied.

Not dressed like that, said the guard.

Seems there wasnt a game scheduled for that night atall. Seems the students at dear old N. C. State were having a formal dance that night.

Other E(ditors SayinQ Peatherbe(d(ding

ineir impact On Eisenhower

The Daily Reflector

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By JAMES MARLOW

WASHINGTON (AP) The most important result of President Eisenhowers journey to 11 national starting Thursday, may not be the impression he makes on them but their impact on him.

When he returns around Christmas he may have become convinced some changes In American foreign policy are needed. It should be remembered Eisenhower is in a new phase of his presidency.

He is more flexible, more active. and perhaps more impressionable in foreign affairs than at any time of his White House tenancy up to now.

He will make 30 talks. He will get the red carpet treatment everywhere. He may create better understanding for America, as he says he hopes to do.

But he will also be getting a better understanding of .some of the nations he visits all friendly, some allied, but some neutralfor he will be seeing them close-up for the first time since becoming president-

Until now he has had to depend for insights into these countries and his knowledge of their needs and predicaments on spcond-band Informationtheir diplomsy, or American study papers.

Even a year ago, when Secretary of State John Foster Dulles was ,so completely dominating American foreign policy, a trip like this by Eisenhower might have had no more than ceremonial significance.

But with Dulles death last .spring Elsenhower took over active direction of foreign policy. He became more flexible and apparently more receptive to new ideas as he sought to cope with Premier Nikita Khrushchev.

The result has been a feeling that American foreign policy now is capable of change. Previously it had appeared frozen.

For example: not long ago Eisenhower was telling friends he was opposed to the meeting of heads of state to settle problems. He preferred, he said, the old-fashioned method of letting foreign secretaries do it.

Since then he made a quick tour of Western Europe, had Khrushchev here, is going to visit him, is making this journey now. will hold a pre-summit meeting Dec. 19, and will later go to a summit conference.

Eisenhower still has a little more than 13 months left in office. It will crown his double career as general-president if, in the tim left him in the White House he can initiate, fight for and perhaps push through new ideas or programs which will make the international climate safer for America or safer for everyone.

It would have political value here at home, too, for his own Republican party in the 1960 presidential election.

He will see first-hand not only some of the dilemmas of the countries he visitssocial, economic and militarybut some of the contradictions in a w'orld dominated by the United States and the Soviet Union-For example; two nations under the shadow of the U,S S.R. One Ls Afghanistan, staying neutral but getting more aid from the Soviets than from this country.

Then there is India, whose vast problems can hardly be imagined here, where Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru, despite all his efforts to stay above the East-West strife, just got a bloody nose from Red China.

(Rocky Moui^ Telegram)

With a possible disastrous strike serving to kindle the embers on both sides as the whole railroad industry goes under the closest scrutiny perhaps in a generation, both management and labor are waging an unprecedented campaign to enlighten the public. The result has been that propaganda the likes of which has never before been disseminated is being broadcast like grain over a newly plowed field.

Here are some paragraphs from current releases to the nations press:

From railroad management It takes an engineer and fireman on a western streamliner four hours to cover 215 miles from St. Paul to Breckenridge, Minn. After less than l*/s hours off duty there, they return to St. Paul on the east bound sister train. Each receives 4 1-3 basic days pay$88-84 for the engineer and $77.45 for the firemanfor nine hours and 20 minutes of actual work, Including the time it takes to report on and off duty.

From railroad labor: On

many of the railroads it takes several finely printed pages just to list their vice presidents and directors. One railroad, only 29 miles long, has 29 vice presidents.'one of whom is Gypsy Rose Lee.

From railroad management: An engineer piloting a passenger train between Washington and New York City covers 225 miles of track in four hours or less. Including terminal time,

he Is on duty about seven hours per trip. He collects 2z basic days pay or more than $48 for the run.

From railroad labor: Railroad laborers do not begrudge these people the fantastic salaries they get for nothing but lending their names and prestige, but they do resent the current smear campaign they are waging against the toilers who are producing an all-time high in profits for them to enjoy.

Prom railroad management: Total employments costs of railroads are well over $5 billion a year. Labor costs take 58-2 cents out of each dollar of railroad revenue, as compared with 26ti cents for general manufacturing and 32 cents for communications and other utilities.

Prom railroad labor: This is especially galling to the workers since few of these people (employers) ever railroaded a day in their lives before being appointed to the ivory towers and would not know a port dump from a tie plate. . . Never before in the long history of railroading have there been so many chiefs and so few Indians to do the work.

And 50 it goes. Of course, theres something to be said on both sides. Modern techniques, modern methods, modem equipment demand changes, to be sure. At the same time, there are few industries in which the caliber of the individual workman Is more important than that required of the railroad worker, who is a whole tradition In himself.

The publicity connected with the Ghana incident has been a tremendous boost for the local amateur radio club. Wells said the meeting of the club this Thursday night will be the biggest the organization has ever had.

The meeting will be held in the club building at WNCT television station.

Charlie Wells, Greenville radio amateur who helped when a childs life was in danger in Ghana, is still in the news.

The international drama was written up In the Nov. 30 edition of Newsweek magazine.

Wells. incidentally finally contacted a girl in Israel last week, whom he had helped some months ago by arranging with the Israeli Embassy for shipment of a rare drug.

She was standing by at the transmitter of an amateur in Israel to talk to Wells last Tuesday and Wednesday,

The girl couldnt speak English, he said, and about all she said that he could understand was Thank you, Charles.

rain For An Ordea.

By HAL BOYLE

NEW YORK (AP)Christma* Is more than a test of good will.

Every year it Is getting to be more of a test of body and mind. You have to be sound in wind and limbas well as stout of pocketbookto survive the holi-oay season.

The guy who gets himself in good shape now is the guy most likely to still be on his feet come Jan. 1.

Here are a few home exercises guaranteed to help you through the annual ordeal of Christmas:

Indian hand wrestleyou and your wile sit down, put your elbows on the table, grip fingers, then see which can force the others hand backward to the table. This will strengthen you both for all the backslapping, handshaking and greeting card writing you will have to do between now and New Years Eve.

The face savefrom now on you will be smiling, smUing, smiling. Since you have been ooing nothing but frowning with worry for the last 11 months, a sudden smile may split your face wide open. So, several times a day, pause in front of a mirror and practice smiling. Dont overdo it. Start with a series of small weak smiles. By the end of the week you should be able safely to manage a fair-sized grin.

Leap for lifestand in the middle of the room with your arms full of bundles. Jump as high and as far as you can in all directionsat the same time. Repeat 12 times. As a pedestrian, this maneuver may save you from Christmas motorists. On the other hand, it may not.

Hit-the-line body builderrent the nearest high school football tackle for a few afternoons. At a given signal you both crouch down, then crash into each other at full speed. After a few days of this, you should be tough enough to go into any departr ment store and compete with the crowds of women shoppers for Christmas bargains.

Smooch conditionerdid you save your home-made Halloween pumpkin goblin? Lift it tenderly, close your eyes, and kiss its rough yellow cheek 100 times a day. Now you are in shape for perhaps the worst ordeal of tha holWayskissing your v4ie's girl friends. Also, be sure and kiss your own wife.

Bankruptcy avoiderplant yourself in front of a mirror and shout No! loud and clear 250 times daily. This exercise may make your voice firm enough to keep your wife from spending you insolventbut dont bet on It.

Ooinions

In

Misuse of money intended for children by some adults ha brought discredit to the welfare program and needless suffering for youngsters whom the law intended to be protected against such abuse. There Is reason for welfare payments to be clear of meddlesome supervision, particularly where people have the faculties for handling their own money; but when welfare payments Intended for the wellbeing of children are squandered and the children left to suffer It is time for lawful Intervention to protect the helpless child. High Point (N.C.) Enterprise.

Middle #age is the period when you do thing, not because you want to, but to see If you still can. Greenville (3.C.) Piedmont.

Every dog ha* hie day. but some of them take pert of the night, also.Greensboro (Oa.) Herald-Joumal

THE UNITED WAY

"What we hope le the

spread of education In Russia will create a growing deelre for individual freedom and a growing respect for the freedom of others. Knoxville (Tenn.) News-Senttael.

More About Deferred Payments

Strength For Today

By EARL L. DOUGLASS Has Divine Revelation Ceased?

Because we possess a Bible of sixty-six books, we get the impression at times that Gods revelation to man has ceased.

This is not true. There were in the past great circumstances under which Gods basic revelation of His character and purpose came through to the heart and minds of men. This revelation or rather these revelationsfor there were many constitute the ba.si.s of our faith. 'But God Is still revealing Himself. No neW books are being Written and added to the Bible, but God is revealing Himself continually to individuals a.s they study the Bible and to the church as it continues its ministry.

One need only begin a regular schedule of Bible reading and prayer to discover how this revelation of God continues to come through. We find ourselves encountering new meanings in passages of Scripture with which we have long been familiar. We stand before some baffling situation of life and ask divine guidance and help. Then usually to our amazement In such an overwhelming fashion that we wonder at the mercy of God and rejoice that He has given us even more blessings than we asked for.

God is love. Let us ever remember this basic Biblical truth, All that we ne(d reside.s In His power. The mercy which we crave is His to give, and He gives U freely.

By ELMER ROESSNER

It is passing strange that one arm of the government should tell the people how to twist another arm. As was noted here yesterday, the Small Business Administration, in advocating deferred compensation plans, tips off business on how to save on taxes.

In discussing the case of a fictitious Mr, Aldershot, who is to get $5,000 a year for ten years after retirement instead of a raise of $5,000 a year for ten years after retirement instead of a raise of $5,000 on his $15,000 a-year salary, a leaflet said; For him to be able to lay aside $5,000 a year for 10 years, he would need an increase of $6,666 (assuming a 25 per cent rate applicable to the $6.666 to have $5,000 left after income tax. Thus the company would have to pay $66,666 instead of $50,000 netted to finance the deferred plan over 10 years, ignoring interest to simplify the mathematics.

In short, a deferred-pay plan tends to cut company costs and to reduce the beneficiarys own tax bill-

GAINS FROM INSURANCE

The SBA suggests that insurance be used to cover deferred

payments. It discussed the po.s-sibilities of insuring a key executive given a deferred-compensa-tion benefit. The company w'ould be the beneficiary.

If the key man should die, the face value of the policy is paid to the company, and the company receives it free of income tax. On the other hand, as the company makes deferred compensation payments, the amounts are income-tax decuti-ble.

If the policy is worth $100,-(X)0 the company will receive $100,000 death proceeds without having to pay any part of it as income tax. When the company makes the series of $10.000-pernear deferred compensation payments for ten yearsa total of $100,000 it can deduct this amount from. Its taxable Income. . .The payment of $100.-000 in deferred compensation actually costs the business only $50.000, assuming a typical 50 per cent income tax bracket. A $.30,000 GAIN

The concern has. . .paid an insurance company $20,000 in premiums. Eventually the firm receives $100,000 in death benefits, free of income tax. This consti^tules a net gain of $80.0<M). Ihen^recall that it costs the business only $50,000 to provide

$100,000 to the widow. So finally the business ends up some $.30,-

000 better off.

In discussing another case, the publication says, The tax advantage to the firm comes after the key man retires or dies. The payments made to the retired key man (or to his widow il he dies before retirement) are considered the same as salary. If paid in accordance with a previous agreement. As such they are income-tax-deducti-hle by the business.

The SBA observes that a small firm would want to cover its obligations with life insurance. Then: Assume the insiu'ed key man lives to 65 and retired at that time. The firm would then have paid th? life insurance company, in premiums, in the neighborhood of $30.(KX) to $40,000 on a $50,000 policy. This policy becomes paid up at 65 and the firm pay.s no more premiums. The inatirance com-I-any then stands ready to pay

1 he $50,000 to tlie firm whenever the insured dies.

Now suppose the key man lives 10 years after retiring, and that his firm pays him $5,000 .vearly. This makes a total of $50,000 in tho.se ten years. The firm deducts those payments from company income, just M

if they were salary, to arririnff at income tax liability. With a 10 per cent income tax brackat, the cost to the firm of the payments is only $25,000.

Suppose, finally, that the i* Eured dies at the end of a 10-jear period. At this point the firm receives income-tax-free $.50,000 in life Insurance proceeds.

If the total premiums amounted to $30,000 the plan has cost the firm $5,000. . .to give the executive $50,000 in protection for wife and children throughout the whole period, and to pay $.50,000 to the retired key man. Observation: Just wait until unions figure out the advantages of deferred compensation. It can be a major fringe benefit demand in 1960. Its a peach, too, because the government, collecting less In taxes, will bear the major cost of the fringe-OlDservation: There are dozens of tax services telling business how to minimize and avoid taxes, charging from $18 to several hundred dollarjj a year. Why shouldnt the government get out its ow'n tax service? The returns might help cut the tax rate. It looks as if the SBA could put out a good one.

Ob.scrvatlon; Todays tax rates make Ux-avoldera oi ui aiL