FACE FOUR

Monday, October 26, 1959

THE DAILY REFLECTOR, GREENVILLE, N, C.

Second Fiddle

Those Opposed Will Be At Polls

Tomorrow is the day designated for Tar Heels to say officially at the polls whether the state should issue $34 V'j million in bonds for permanent improvements at various state ii^titutions.

We are confident that well over 50 per cent of the eligible voters of the state are in favor of issuing the bonds which will provide permanent improvements for our educational institutions, mental institutions, hospitals and the like. Whether the actual vote in tomorrows referendum will reflect this sentiment among North Carolinians, is a matter of conjecture.

By virtue of its importance to the state and its institutions, the bond issue should have generated a great deal of interest among the people of North Carolina. Unfortunately that is not the case. As often happens when bond issues are the only matter to be decided in a referendum, many people have a passive attitude about going to the polls . . . particularly those who recognize the need for the funds and who would favor issuing the bonds. The>'^ seem inclined to think that most people favor the bond issues, they will be approved by a wide margin so their individual vote will make no difference.

These people, unfortunately, stay away from the polls in droves on the day appointed to officially resolve the issue.

On the other hand, those opposed to the bond issues will be sure to cast their ballots tomorrow. Even though they too may feel the bonds will be approved, they %vill not miss their opportunity to express through a ballot their opposition.

North Carolinas educational institutions have almost $19 millions in potential permanent improvements at stake in tomorrows election. They will include classrooms, dormitories and other necessary facilities to meet the great influx of ne\v students to the campuses of our colleges and universities. East Carolina College alone has $1.45 millions in urgently needed permanent improvements riding on the outcome of tomorrows vote across the state.

r

'iend Is Up in

..ndustnalizmq

By LYNN NISBET

UPWARD STILL The pro-press report male by Director William P. Saunders to the Board O Conservation and Development at its fall meeting in Charlotte shows a continuing and accelerated upward trend in North Carolinas industrial advancement. Capital investment in plants during the first nine months of 1959 showed a fair increase over the first nine months of 1958, about four and a half million dollarsfrom $167,-

110.000 to $171,689,000. The real value of industrial development is in terms of jobs and payrolls.

In these areas Director Saunders seems justified in reporting exciting increases.

The number of new jobs made available during the first nine months of 1959 is given at 25.-723, compared with 15.094 for the comparable period last year. These additional jobs carried payroll increase from $47,758,000 last year to $85,785,000 for 1959, figured on annual basis.

These are/firm* figures, representing industries already in operation or assured by construction in progress. While it is true that all of the more than

25.000 new employees may not presently be drawing the nearly $86 million in new wages, these estimates do not include many millions more in potential development capital expenditures or prospective jobs if and when these projects materialize. Director Saunders calls this is a realistic report, based on certainty of achievement within the next few months.

Meanwhile, his department is working on the potentials, and he expects to be able to add a lot of certain projects to his next report.

COMPREHENSIVESo much emphasis has been placed on the industrial promotion activities of the C&D department, it is easy to overlook some of the other vital activities of that far-flung section of State government.

Reports of division heads, complementing and supplementing the master report of the director, showed that travel and tourism has moved up in contribution to the total state economy. It also has been proven that, despite protests about North Carolina's income and inheritance tax schedules being a definite handicap in this area, this state is a favored place for residence of retired business and

military executives.

A little known and largely unpublicized function of the C&D department is the aid it renders in community planning. This service tics in with industrial promotion, recreational area development, and all phases of community progress. The report of this division showed that presently eighteen communities are taking advantage of the cooperative Federal, State and local community platmmg program.

The report of this divLsion indicates that new Federal housing laws may extend and expand Its jurisdiction and permit tying in with urban redevelopment and rural zoning laws to greater degree than has been possible up to now.

Participating to date are the towns and cities of Conover, Clinton, Elizabeth City. Goldsboro. Henderson, Hickoiy, Jacksonville, Kinston. Lexington. Mocks-ville, Mooresvllle. Newton. Rae-ford, Salisbury. Spencer. Thomas-vUle, Wilson and Carolina Beach. Twelve additional municipalities and one county have indicated purpose to seek Federal and State aid in community planning.

FORESTRY The forestry division has experimented with a rented plane for dropping water on forest fires with very gratifying results. Adaptation of this type of equipment, along with two-way radio from scouting planes and fire towers makes it possible to get fires under control quickly. Scientific studies of air currents from stations at New Bern and WhiteviUe have aided in stopping fires before they get out of control. While devoting a lot of energy to conserving the forests, the division is not overlooking the development angle. The State nurseries this year will have available ninety-five to one hundred million seedlings for planting.

Because of so many rainy weekends total attendance at State parks was off for the first nine months of 1959 from the 1958 record, but cash receipts were up. That indicates more use of facilities made by visitors. A notable trend is toward family group use for camping, picnics, etc. The parks division is working on long range plans to increase recreational facilities to accommodate growing demand for such use of the parks.

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Mental institutions of the state, if the bond issues are passed, will have $12 millions for permanent improvements to meet the needs of the mentally ill in North Carolina. If the bond issues fail, the backlog of mentally ill for whom there is no room instate hospitals will continue to grow. Unfortunate men, women and children w'ill continue to be denied care and treatment they need because facilities are not available to care for them.

Also at stake iftjomorrows referendum are items that include $1.5 million for permanent improvements to community colleges, $500,000 for state participation in improving community hospitals, $466,000 for improvements to correctional training schools, $140,-000 for the state blind rehabilitation center, $250,000 for historical sites and $500,000 for construction of a port at Southport.

Whether these bond i.s,sues are approved tomorrow may well determine whether the state wll be able to meet some of its most pre.sing needs in many fields m the immediate future. The issues will be decided only by those people who take the time to cast their ballots in the referendum. The Reflector urged the people of this aiea to go to the polls and cast a ballot in favor of thfiL_bond issues.

Necessary Step In The U.S. Space Program

Decision to turn the Armys space rocket program over to the National Aeronautics and Space Administration was a long time in coming. Now, perhaps, with part of the tangled skein of responsibility cleared up, the American venture into space may make greater strides.

To date, a large part of our success in the space field was made possible by a dedicated Army team.

The heart of the troubles that had to be ironed out was too many cooks spoiling the broth.

Somehow, there had to be a clarifying of responsibilities; and, logically speaking, who but the NASA should bear the burden?

The exploration of space is a field foreign to all pa.st experience. And however ambitious they might be, the Army, Navy and Air Force are by nature limited to their own domains of activity.

With the lumping of space projects and the military rocket programs in budgetary considerations, it would be near-inevitable that military needs overshadowed progress into the blue-black void. Shifting the space program into a field of its own, its administrators and Congress can better evaluate the degree of effort to be made.

With that better evaluation may come more ambitious appropriations and more farseeing effort. Certainly the move does not bring with it any thought of economies in the space program. It is almost certain to involve greater spending.

For of this we can be sure; this new frontier is , going to prove a most costly one to develop. Perhaps

its real exploitation will prove a greater financial V^IiiSr IliClllOro OvJ-yiily burden than one nation can afford, greater than two or three nations can feel themselves equal to. In the end, we may find the far reaches of space are attainable only through a great international effort.

We shall see.

By HAL BOYLE

New Knowledge-Nuggets

NEW YORK (AP)Things a columnist might never know if he didnt open his maU:

Every one knows children can catch diseases from pets. But did you know a child can give a dog the mumps?

Doctors had it tougher in olden times. In ancient Babylon, under the Code of Hammurabi, an inept surgeon could be punished by having his own hands amputated. Half the world goes to bed hungry every night, but in food-rich America approximately 31 per cent Of the adults are on a diet. And only 5 per cent are trying to gain weight.

Does the price of laundry service in your home town annoy you? In Paris some hotels now charge up to 90 cents to launder a single shirt.

Our quotable notables: At the very time that it is most imperative for us to evidence a mounting respect lor law and or-'der, says J. Edgar Hoover, FBI director, we are forced to concede an ever-growing national disregard for it.

The light within; The blood cells of. the average man contain enough electricity to light a 25-watt bulb lor about three minutes.

Americans who tip the scales at 123 pounds now read their weight in paper each year. The average consumption includes 76.8 pounds of newsprint and 46.2 pounds of other printing paper.

One of the biggest curses of gout is the conviction among your friends that it is the price for living too high. But doctors are

more and more certain that the disease actually is hereditary.

Marriage is no headache. A survey by the Catholic Digest found headaches fewer among married than single persons, and commonest among unmarried girls under 20.

Signs of the times; This one is on the desk of Arthur A. Desser, Lefourt Realty president; When people start buttering you up, be careful of the crumbs.

Do you feel more crowded each year? Well, you are, but the population density of the world is still only 52 per square mile.

Drug addiction is four times as common among men as among women. About one in every 3.500 persons in the United States is a narcotics addict, and seven out of 10 are under the age of 30.

Nature study note: The giant tree frog has an odd eating habit. It draws in its eyeballs to help push food down its throat.

?ay For Featherbedding Strength

invisiDie iraae Out Of Balance

By RALPH ROBEY

We are still selling more goods abroad than we are buying.

This is known as the visible balance of trade, and it is favorable.

But. the invisible balance is highly unfavorable. The latter includes all loans, payments for services, interest, payments for military expenditures, foreign aid, investments, and everything except actual commodities. The deficit over-all. including both visible and invisible items, now is running over $4 billion a year.

$7.5 Billion Invisible Balance

Most Important in the invisible balance is military spending of some $3 billion a year, foreign aid of around $2^ billion a year, and private investment of about $2 billion a year.

Up to the present moSt of the deficit has been taken by the foreign creditors in the form of increased balances held in this country. Last year, it is true, they pulled out $2.3 billion of gold, but this year the volume of gold exports has been at a much lower rate. One can not be sure, however, how long the foreign creditors will be wUling to continue to accumulate American balances, and since they already have over $15 billion in cash or Its equivalent, obviously they could cause us quite serious trouble should they lose confidence In our financial policies or in the soundness of the dollar.

Ls there any real danger of such a development? There is no immediate danger, but there is no time for complacency. We must materially, reduce the international deficit and In time, bring our international balance of payments into at least approximate equilibrium.

To accomplish this, certain steps are necessary:

1. We must work unceasingly

to get foreign nations to move closer toward removing all restrictions on the export of funds. That is. we must convince foreign governments of the necessity of permitting American companies operating in their countries to transfer earnings back here. Many nations already have gone far in this directions, but there still is much room for improvement.

2. We must overhaul our farm surplus disposal program and eliminate it as a contributing factor to our international deficit. This will mean a new domestic farm program.

3. We must sharply reduce the amount we are spending on military and foreign aid abroad. This will take time and will be difficult. The Administration is generally believed to hold that this cannot be done. But Secretary of the Treasury Anderson in his address before the Annual Board Meeting of the World Bank and International Monetary fund a few. weeks ago Intimated that such a reduction might become necessary. More recently President Eisenhower in his address at Abilene hinted at the same thing. Both of these comments were extremely guarded, but they indicate the Administration may be willing to consider some modification in the present program.

Encourage Private Foreign Investment

4. We must continue to encourage private foreign investment. To the extent this takes place, and granting earnings can be brought back home, this will relieve the potential pressure upon dollar.

Do we have time to carry out these programs? The answer to that is, of course we have the timeif we buckle down and go to work.

(Wilson Times)

There was a pathetic ad in The Daily Times on Monday. It was the one put in by the American railroads. Li it the carriers were pleading for a fair deal. There was a plaintiff tone, the old fight seemed to be gone.

This is to be expected. For the railroads have about reached the end of the line, that is unless the public wakes up to the situation. They are pleading for a good day's work for a days -pay.

We remember so well when the first diesel locomotive pulled into Wilson. We were down to the train with cameras. It was a big story and occasion.

^ The new invention, running the ' engines with oil. would do away with coal stoking and make the trains cleaner. The innovation was lauded by all, employer and employe.

But not for long. Soon the union realized that there would be no need for firemen, so the union demands that the firemen continue to ride, if they have no boilers to stoke.

This practice became so rampant that it got and deserves the name of featherbedding. Out in the middle west on a line that now has practically no traffic, the same number of employes are kept as when all transportation was on the railroads.

This nation faces a real crisis in this kind of thing. We talk about the railroads, but the same applies to other businesses that have had to change with conditions.

What do you want, the government to run the roads? This is what must happen unless labor realizes that the railroads cannot pay out what they do not make. Economies must be put into force.

The ad Is eternally right. You are paying for the featherbedding. If you do not realize it, just look how transportation charges have gone up. These must be passed on in every article you buy.

It is time this nation realizes that the railroads are an essential part of the security of this land. They can survive and pay their way if given a chance. No one wants labor to have to take less for the days work. But no one should be employed who is not needed. There should be no featherbedding.

The railroads have to pay taxes, state and county in every state and county iheir tracks run through. The argument will be given that they are also subsidized. This will have to continue and on an even greater basis unless operational costs are cut to need.

This does not mean cutting down service. If the' railroads could spend their money for Improved service then the roads could get back some of the business they have lost.

But if they have to pay men for just bPing there and the unions prevent the changes time and conditions have brought about, you, the taxpayer, are going to have to pay more. For the railroads must be kept alive. National security demands this.

For Today

By EARL L. DOUGLASS TAKE IT

What shall I render unto the Lord for all His benefits unto me? I will take'the cup of salvation and call upon the name of the Lord.

What shall I render? What shall I give? What shall I pay? This matter of salvaticm is infinitely Important to every one of us. Of one thing we are sure, namely, that we do not deserve it. It would seem, therefore. that we would have to do something to make ourselves worthy to receive It.

But the Bible makes it very plain that we cannot win salvation by anything we do. Salvation is not by work but by faith. What we have to dowhat we can do and what we must dois to make the life ready to receive this gift. This does not mean that we have to make our lives perfect or anywhere near perfect. It just means, first of all, that we have to be truly sorry for the mistakes we have made and the sins we have committed. Then it means that, if we can make restitution for any evil we have done, we must do that. At the end. we will still be pretty ineffective, pretty sinful people.

But it is to just people like us that God extends the cup of salvation. He asks nothing on our part save that we will extend our hand and take it.

Gods love is so wonderful that we can only partly understand how it operates. What shall I render. . .? I shall take. . . .

Monday,

Burden

On Our nions

By ROGER BABSON

BERLIN. GermanyAlthough 1 am writing this in Berlin, one should not judge Germany by Berlin since it is an Independent and separate community of its own. Not only is it divided between different nations, but it is entirely surrounded by Russian-controlled territory. It is a free economic island floating in a sea of Communism nothing like it anywhere else In the world. Now for an answer to the question frequently asked me:

Is the United States facing serious unemployment

EVERY COUNTRY HAS LABOR UNIONS

Even Germany has its labor unions, but practically no strikes. The union leaders and employers unite to make better goods to sell at lower prices. Hence, they are more industrious and more productive, due to longer hours and a lower cost of living. There is very little installment buying in Germany.

American labor will try to keep German products out of our country by getting Congress to raise our tariffs. This would not only increase the cost of living in the United States, but might cause Germany to gang up with Russia. Japan, and China in an economic Hitler.Just as powerful and ruthless as Adolf was in a military way.

BETTER WATCH CHINA

Germany is now making machinery and other products to export to us in the United States. If. however, we raise our tariffs so that she cannot export to us, Germany will export machinery to other nations,especially China. I have been to China and can visualize what could happen to us if these 400,000,000 workers should be sold tractors to farm with and machines with which to make textiles, steel, and other materials needed for exporting goods to compete with us. This is probably also true as to Russia, which I visit this week.

The above means that American labor leaders have a great responsibility. They could easily bring about much unemployment in the United States from which their membership, as well as their peaks due to their desire for ease and so-called security, Italy is constantly being undermined by Communist influences. The three Scandinanvian countries I have heretofore commented upon. I now forecast that Germany will be one of the worlds greatest powers, on a par with the United States and Russia,

This could easily occur if Germany and China should work together, Germany supplying the know-how and machines while China supplied the raw materials and cheap but efficient labor. The two combined could crush either Russia or the U. S. in a economic war of unparalleled intensity that could bring our prosperity to a sudden end. with a stock market and real estate crash. If this happens, the blame will be laid on the doorsteps of certain selfish labor leaders.

WHAT ABOUT EAST BERLIN.

Anyone studying the map of Europe will see that Mr. K has some sense in desiring to solve the present crazy situation caused by dividing the great city of Berlin between the Russians and the Allies. With Berlin in the center of East Germany, which was given to Russia, a -person cannot now enter or leave Berlin except by permission of Russia or by airplane. As I had not time to get a visa for East Germany, I was obliged to go from Copenhagen westward to Hamburg (one of West Germanys largest cities) and fly from there into Berlin.

What the solution will be no one now knows, but the people of Berlin believe it will be settled in some satisfactory manner without any ultimatums or resort to war. World War III may come sometime, but not so long as Mr. K is premier. He knows that if World War III were started now, not only would the U. S., Great Britain, Germany, and all the allies be against him, but also China, which he fears most of all.

To summarize this column, let me say that I worry more at this point about our United States labor leaders than I do about Mr. K.

Bverybody Now Tax-Collectors

Taxes have made collectors of us all.

jt has been said that taxes have made cheats of everyone. They have also made the tax collector socially acceptable.

Time was when the tax collector socially acceptable.

Time was when the tax collector rated with the usurer and the hangman, considerably below the smuggler. Our grandmother may have hesitated as long over inviting a tax collector for Sunday dinner as she would over inviting a saloonkeeper. But now both grandmothers and saloon keepers are tax collectors. There is no longer any opprobrium to thus way of .surviving.

In spreading the work of tax-collecting, the managens of our democracy have been wise. Time was when shooting tax-collectors or revenooers was considered a sport superior to treeing possum and only slightly inferior to bagging deer out of season. But today, the .sport of winging fax agents Is dead. Nobody ever shoots her grand-

LETS GET SERIOUS, ROESSN-ER!

In a le.ss puckish mood, it may be noted that state revenues from sales taxes in the last fiscal year amounted to one-lourth of all state revenues. They are levied by 33 state governments and many cities in addition.

That means that most of the nation* four million business firm* are tax collectors for state and cities.

But thats only a small part of tax-collecting activities. Heres a rundown;

Every business is a Federal tax collector of Social Security and withholding taxes. Even a one-man hot-dog .stand Is u.sually Involved In withholding part of the owners profits as .self-employment Social Security taxes.

. Most busine.sses located In cities are involved in collecting and withholding a variety of city and county taxes. In many state.s every biusiness 1* also charged with collecting activities.

tlon reports. Half, it boasts, went for newspapers.

. All retailers of goods carrying Federal excise taxes must also be tax collectors.

EVERYBODY INTO THE ACT .

. Every housewife employing domestics more than casually becomes a collector of their Social Security levies or, as is often the case, a payer of them herself.

There are many others; cab drivers in New York, ticket lakers in many places, bartenders, service station attendants, gas and electric men and countless others are tax collectors. Under some ciicumstances, schoolteachers. newsboys. Girl Scouts and bankers are required to become tax collectors.

There may be some humility to all tliLs. People In every walk of life are forced to collect money, often pennies. In an occupation that was at times regarded on a level with acting and prostitution. There is also a certain democracy about it: everybody bathes in the same tax Ganges,

*0

mother or his bartender, even in sport.

And there is also a cost.

A recent survey by the National Industrial Conference Board showed that of 127 manufacturing companies. 46 reported that the cost of collecting taxes and keeping required records amounted to between 1 and 2 per cent of their entire tax bill, and that 40 companies placed the cost at 3 per cent or more of their tax assessment.

And the survey Indicated that the cost of collecting and handling taxes was usually higher for . 'small companies than for large.

The Conference Board did not relate the cost of handling taxe.s to net profits, but it would seem as if the costs would be close to Uie total profits In the less prosperous concenis.

wiIadda ya read?

ONE STUDY Tells

Americans spent almost $3 billion for reading matter last year* not cotinting books, the Bureau of Advertising of the American Newspaper Publisher* Assucia-