PAGE FOURFHE DAILY REFLECTOR. GREENVILLE. N. C.

Friday, October 16, 1959

Friday, October 16, 1959

Time To Trade It In

Significance Ih Plant Modification

Decision of Greenvilles Utilities Commission to alter specifications for the proposed sewerage disposal plant in order to save $308,000 in initial capital outlav on the project and an estimated $8,000 annually in operating costs is certainly in the best interest of the citizens of the city.

The trickle filter type sewerage disposal plant the commission has now authorized in the place of the proposed activated sludge plant, will, according to the Commission, meet the maximum requirements ever set for Greenville by the Slate Stream Sanitation Committee. That being the case, there is certainly little reason for Greenville to spend an extra $300,000 in tapi-lal outlay to build a better plant than it needs. If the plant will meet the maximum specifications ot the Stream Sanitation Committee as well as the requirements of the eity, it should be entirely satistaetory.

Changes announced by the Commission this week in the type of plant Greenville u'll build will mean the estimated cost of the project \\ill be lowored trom $1,678,000 to $1,375,000. Tha* '..rx means that the likelihood the project can be t:ar-.ed w.thout a bond issue IS also increased.

Greenville alread.\

$350,000 in federal aid f< r has for the past several % ears sinking fund money to project. It acquired a s. fund several years ago

i certification for ect. U addition it accumulating in a sewerage disposal es^-egg for the sinking a p:>rtion of the rural

V,

1 r a O ;0

luuvi ov.v.,.. '\hen

electrical owned by the city was sold to Carolina Power and Light Company.

Several years ago when it became aiiparent that Greenville would ha\e to construct a sewerage disposal plant, the hope was expressed that means might be worked out whereby tlm plant could be constructed without going to the voters with a proposed bond issue. While the prospects of a bond issue to finance at lea^t part of the project has not been entirely elimina*ed. the Lbilitics Commission in recent ycar.s has taken significant steps in that direction.

The latest step which reduces the estimated cost

'Red China Has

of the project by $300.000 may ^yeII mean the difference between financing the project without a bond issue and having to issue bonds for a portion of the ^COSt.

The Doctor Is Right,

Let Teachers Teach

With greater emphasis being placed on giving the school youngster more good, sound education in the classroom, perhaps the public which is demanding these things should give greater consideration to educators assertions that teachers cant do their best teaching when they are required to be probation officers, clerks, and money-raisers as well as teachers.

Dr. I. E. Ready, director of the states curriculum .^tudy, told an audience in Chapel Hill this week, if we want better teaching, we had better look closely at class size and teaching load. He suggested adopting an eight hour day, 40 hour week for teachers, limiting it to meaningful educational activities.

The fact that teachers want relief from the clerical and other job.s they mu.st perform in addition to their classroom teaching does not come as a surprise to Xorth Carolinians. Efforts in that direction now w ithout some succes.<have been made over a period of years. In far too large a measure, however, teachers thioughout the state continue week in and week out to have to spend a disproportionate part of their time with record-keeping and other chore.s.

If our teachers are to be loaded down with so many other job.s that they cannot devote their full attention and energy to teaching, how can we expect the quality of our public schools to improve as rapidly as we would like?

Teachers. Dr. Ready said, want to be allow*ed to l>e allow'ed to put their time and energy on teaching iho subjects they are assigned to teach.

If teachers were allowed to do that, education in gy HENRY HOWARD North Carolina.s public schools would immediately jump to a new* and higher plateau.

IT ftK. IN TW Ok&bAkV4-BUT NOW IT TAKE4 A bIG , CHUNK OTTA PAV BVERV VEARf

Advises

Wives

isten

.rlunqry tuture

By WILLIAM L. RYAN

Natural calamities and other factors have combined to create a critical food situation in Red China. The Peiping government IS instituting measure.^ which have the look of rigid food rationing-

This information Ls gleaned from the official new.spaper of the Chinese Communist party, the Peoples Daily, It has jiust announced details of what the party calls a plan for food consumption.

While the party paper Insists the food outlook in China is favorable, it acknowledges that it has undertaken a shock publicity campaign to cut down excessive consumption. Party members have undertaken to explain the truth to the masses.

They have raLsed the consciousness of the masses and extensively disseminated throughout all households the call of the party for the practice of economy in food consumption, the paper says. Many refectories public dining halls and families have taken the initiative to draft their plans to economize in food consumption.

Economy in food has tliiis become the social fashion- In preparing meals they have blended course and fine food grains, adjusted the cooking of food grains ior both thin and thick mixtures,

distinguished between greaer and les.ser consumption of meals, and rationed con.'iumption according to the number of persons,

The party has directed that after the autumn harvest, the.^-e measures must be adopted in all areas. ,

The party blames its food woes in part on the number of natural disasters floods and droughts which ravaged many areas in Red China during the summer. Bui there are other factors.

One of the most important of these must be the shift of populations from rural areas to the cities in the intensive drive of the Red Chinese to industrialize at breakneck speed-

It i.s also more than possible that the commune system forced upon the farm communities has further interfered with farm production. There has been much reason to suppase that the regimentation of the Chinese farmers has met with seriovus resistance.

So the Communist party Ls faced with this situation; The autumn liarvest probably will mean a barely adequate supply of food for the fall and winter months, but there is little reserve to fall back upon next spring and summer, when the food situation can become so troublesome as to deserve the term crksis.

Outsiders Lauc. Our Highways

They Waited For Wore.

Strength For Today

By EARL L. DOUGLASS THE REAL SELF The famous preacher Dwight Moody used to tell his congregation that when they went to have their pictures taken, they always fixed themselves up to look their best, and were particularly pleased if the pictures turned out to flatter them. But, he would go on to say. if some device could be made to photograph the human heart and everything in it. not one of them could even be hired to have that picture taken.

There is no doubt that mast of us are much more willing to be known by what we seem to be than by what we really are. The outside Ls generally prettier than

the inside, and we like to look our best.

Yet It IS the real truth a^out ourselves that we need to know not the carefully combed, brushed, and dre.ssed-up self, but the real self. For only when we face ourselve.s as we really are and learn to accept aiur.selves can we make any progress toward improving ourselves.

"But, you may say. my real .self Ls such a di.'-couraping picture that my reaction would not be toward progress but towac^ despair. I won't improveI'll give up.

Remember the words of Jesus, Those who are well have no need of a physician, but lho.se who are sick: I came not to call the righteous, but sinners.

The Daily Reflector

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'Guest writer today, Sam Beard. Public Relation.^ officer. State Highway Commuision

A few days ago we received a letter from Kenneth Fields. Traffic Engineer for the Indiana Department of Highways, in which he said, speaking as a tourist and as a professional highway careerman, your stale has the best maintained, best signed highways of any state that 1 have visited and I have traveled from the east to the west coast, both north and south Comments like this, though by no means rare from out of-State motorists, deserve attention as a tribute to the work of the more than 8,000 highway employees whose daily .iob Ls the construction and maintenance of an adequate transportation system.

It would be a strange situation. indeed, if the Highway Department and the Commus.sion didnt get a lot of compIaiiit.s in view of the fact that the system measures more than 70,000 miles in length, all of it maintained by the State. Besides, criticism Lsnt badits a natural outgrowth of our democratic processes which not only permits but encourages public interest. Without such criticLsm and concern no agency of government could possibly succeed or improve its methods and IhLs applies to every Highway Commission since the fir.st roads body was fonned in 1921.

Traveling over the State a good deal, highway officials are finding considerable support for the smte-wide approach to highway planning with emphasis on building permanence of carrying capacity into the facilities. They are finding support also on the policy of the CommLssion to move its meetings all over North Carolina and holding hearings where private . citizens can air their complaints and suggestions before the full commis.sion and in car-range of the press.

North Carolina has a Secondary Road network of over .08.-090 miles with 24,000 miles paved and 34,000 iinpavrd. Paving all the mileage is completely impractical with the initial co.st set at $(K)0.noo.ooo and an annual maintenance cost which takes cent of the Highway Fund and leave nothing for future construction on cither the Primary. Secondary of Interstate System. Paving even the 9,000 miles of Secondary Roads with moie tlian 50 vehidos per day traffic count would cost some $100.000.-000 and would up maintenance costs by some S.YOOO.tMiO to $<).-000.000 annually Here is one of the most commonly misiuuler-stood facets of highway work It co.sts more than half again as much to maintain a paved mile as an uiipaved mile iS-'vOO annually for an unpaved mile S3U0 per year fur a paved mile'.

In terms of available funds, it Ls po.ssible tor the Hi.ghway Com-mis.sion to pave it.'^elf right out of existence. For this reason the Commission has said it Ls impractical. under the pre.>-'ent revenue structure, to consider paving roads carrying less than r>0 vehicles daily.

iMore and more County Boards of Commissioners are requesting the lions share of their allocation be spent on stabilization to provide a good all-weather road rather than on paving. The funds $18.000.000 for 1959-19H0. go much further and, with minimum Commission standards calling for an 18 fool travelway with at least six inthes of stone or aggregate and adequate drainage. stabilization results in an excellent road facility or relatively low traffic. Commission engineers generally concur in these requests from the Count.v Cominissioncr whenever tlicy are filed.

Frequently we are asked the status of the Secondary Road Bond Issue and what the annual cost to the taxpayer is in terms of debt retirement and annual mamtenance. As of .June 50, 1959, $76 300 000 of the $200.000,-000 issue had been retired leaving an unpaid balance of $123,-7iM),0<K) to be retired over approximately the next 10-year period. Current payments on the bond i.s-sue run approximately $12,-200,000 annually while maintenance on the 14.500 miles of bond pavement runs around $11.000.-000. Thus total annual investment on these roads is around the $23,(XK),000 mark. Reviewed in another light, the 1 cent additional gas tax to pay for retirement of the bonds pays roughly half of the cost of the roads with an additional one cent required for annual maintenance.

Generally a period of 18 to 24 months is required between the time of Commission approval and the time advertisements are made for bids. It is during this period that location and design engineers, the Advance Planning Department, the Hydrographic Department and others complete their work. As many as a dozen diffeicnt departments may work on a project and the work of one department must be completed before another can begin.

Under present policies of the Commission, the Highway Department works very closely with city planners to tie in State plan.s with thase of the municipality and to avoid working at cross purposes. The planners also decide whether a facility should be two or four laned, whether additional right of way should be purrha.sed new and reserved for future expansion, whether intersecting roads should be at the same grade or be grade separated. whether full, partial or no control of access should be obtained and whether service roads should or should not be constructed. Decisions on these matters may save the taxpayer mil-hons of dollars in future years, or, if improperly made, could cost millions for expensive improvements.

Location and design work on highway projects has been speeded by* purcha.se of an airplane and installation of a photo-grammetric department to handle aerial surveys locally rather Hiaii ihrouah out-oi-State contracting firms. Use of electronic computing equipment on routine design calculations has also stepped up design schedules and given the Highway Department greater versatility iii computing earthwork and other casts on several possible locations before deciding on one. Even with this modern equipment, however, several weeks are required to determine liighway location and (losign.

Unce a general location is agreed upon and preliminary details roadway and bridge design are ready, precise highway plans must be prepared for submission to bidding contractors and right of way huist he appraised and negotiation.s begin. The right of way effort, now cost-, iiig the State well over $12.()iM),-000 annually. Ls one of the knott-ie.st problems facing the Commission. Each parcel of land needed is appraised by outside appraisors (generally independent abpraisorsi, often by more than or.e appraiser and right of way agents of the Department call on property owners to reveal offers. Present Commussion regulations call for a second vusit to tl'.c property owner to determine whether tlie right of way can be acquired through negotiation 0" whether it micht be eventually obtained only tlirOugh Con (ued Oil I'afc b

Yesterday afternoon, over at the court house, interested parties waited to hear what theyd been waiting for since the opening of the term of Superior Court that closed about 6:00 last night.

Several different persons waited and listened for several and various reasons.

Some apparently were just interested, perhaps, in picking up a conversation piece land a good one it i)i-ould make). Others had genuine interest property interest in what would be later set forth.

Still others, who had devoted countless hours of preparation

to hear a single word or two words, waited almost nervously. Some needed to find out so the facts could be relayed to interested persons not present.

At least one man sat nervously and Impatiently, though it was hard to discern from his outward appearance, waiting to hear a jurys verdict that would have tremendous bearing on his future.

During the jurys brief but decisive deliberation, the whole court room and its ante rooms buzzed with excited murmurs, speculative suggestions, preferences, and wishes.

Other Editors Saying... Teachers Rate Break

(The Charlotte Observer)

A commission created by the recent General Assembly has begun its study of an important and challenging question: How do vou recognize ana reward merit in paying public school teachers? Few goals in public education are more desirable than this one. Few subjects have been discussed more. And yet so very little has been done. This is simply because the practical difli-culties have always seemed so great that they have defeated the goal.

Show us a way to test merit faiiTy and we will embrace merit pay in the schools, the teacher organizations havt said. Show us a way to measure devotion, personality. the ability to impart inspiration to a pupil. Show us how merit pay can be administered without favoritism or venality. Show us how a big job will not be mishandled by the small minds of .school committeemen an other officials.

Show as how you will measure those tiny but vital intangibles in a teachers's makeup, those things that go beyond mere conti-ol of subject matter but so often mean the difference between good and bad teaching. It Ls such questions as these that have kept merit pay out of the Tar Heel classroom. And because they have, good teachers and bad teachers, excellent teachers and mediocre teachers are all paid alike. It Ls an arrangement that makes no sense save in expediency.

We do not know the an.^^wrrs to these questions that have barred the way until now: neither do iiilelligent profession-

Frofits

By ELMER ROESSNER t

When bread was a nickel a loaf, there wasnt much effort to sell it. Bakers didnt urge housewives to try their new cracked coconut loaf. There were no tull-page brand avertLsements in Life. In fact, 'tliere wasnt any Life as we know it.

No that its from 22 to 3.5 cents a loaf-and 50 cents a loaf for four Italian biead on FLsher-mans. Wharf in San Francisco -bakers everywhere are selling harder and advertising more.

It's tlie same with credit.

When interest rates were held down a few years ago. lending institutioiis pushed credit lightly-For one reason, they didnt have to push hard. If a family could buy a hou.se on a 4* 4 per cent mortgage, a car on 8 per cent and furniture on 12 per cent, people needed littje urging to borrow. THE BIG PUSH

Now tliat iuleiest rate.s aie higlier often Uice the tigure.s above lenders. like Baker.'', are pu.slhim their hLscults.

Credit card.'^ have swept the country. Dauks, getting into the

aLs who have spent years in their study. We do know that it Is time answers are sought in North Carolina. Negatives have too long dominated positives in this area, both in North Carolina and elsewhere. We can hope that a tremendous effort will be made by this commission to see what has been done in other places and what might logically be done here. Governor Hodges said it very well in a recent speech to an educational group at Southern Pines.

What Is the basis for the po.';i-tion that teachers cannot be dls-tinguL'^hed on the basis of merit? What is so peculiar about public school teachers that they cannot be rated fairly on a merit basis, when administrators of our North Carolina University and colleges enthusiastically support the awarding of pay raises for college teachers on a merit basis? I know some of the problems which make this difficult, including political pressure at the local level, but I believe the public will back school leaders who try to do a conscientious job in this field . . .

As the Governor well knows, the problem is much more difficult in the public schools of an entire state, than in the confines of a university system. But his point is still valid: the need must not forever surrender to the problems and the pitfalls, however great they may be.

This commission .will play a key role in North Carolina's new', hard look at ils schools, at the job they are doing, at their return upon the peoples investment.

It Is ably manned. We have great hopes for its work.

As the jury returned to climax four long days, everybody poured quickly into the court room almost like a hawk ready to swoop down upon its prey. Hawks, however, are vicious and daring yesterdays haw'ks merely seemed eager to eye-witness justice done.

The foreman of the 12-man jury stepped forw'ard in response to the judges question.

We have. Your Honor, he said. . .guilty on both cotints as charged.

After this point, the Interested persons there heard for the fii'st time words to the court from the defendant; Im completely innocent of these charges.

Shortly afterward, the judge, in the interest of those persons who were (and are' at a property los.s because of the defedant, requested cooperation on the defendants part in i-ecovering the property or at least some of it.

First seeming agreeable, the convicted man suddenly hardened and refased to be of any help in the property recovery.

Shortly, the judge pronounced:

Not less than 20 nor more than 2-5 years in the State penitentiary for one; 10 years for the other.

The long-awaited sentence pronouncement followed the reading of the defendants long FBI record. According to the record, a long string of arrests and convictions began back in 1935 in Rhode Island.

As the solicitor read the record to the court, not one face showed surprise, only anticipated interest.

By HAL BOYLE

NEW YORK (AP) Ldy. dont object If your husband wants to talk about his business with you.

Listen to him and be glad he wants to share his problems with you.

Mrs. Helen Dorsey, president of the worlds largest baby pants manufacturing firm, has a heart-ful personal reasons for giving this advice to wives.

The fact I had listened to my own husband proved the only saving circumstance in my life when he died suddenly, she recalled.

Her husband. Dave, an ex-appliance salesman, founded his own childrens wear firm in a garage 13 years ago with only $5,000. The postwar baby boom boomed his business rapidly.

He was the kind of man who lived his business, and loved to talk about it at home, said Mrs. Dorsey, a former professional pianist.

I didnt feel abused, although now and then at Sunday breakfast I did feel an inclination to put my fingers in my ears. But business is fascinating.

I was interested in what my husband told me, and he came to value my opinion more and more.

In May, 1957, her husband returned from a business trip, died that night of a heart attack in the bedroom of their los Angeles home.

Mrs. Dorsey, a gray-eyed, slender, handsome woman in her early fifties, had to step into the breach at once and take over control of the firm. She did so with eminent success. The company will turn out 18 million pains of baby pants this year, do a' business above $5,000.000.

What was the biggest difficulty in her emergency transition from sheltered housewife to woman executive?

In business, before you get one problem solved, they pile two or three more on you, she said, smiling. In keeping house^you are more of a master of your own time. You can finish one problem before turning to another.

But she now firmly believes a w'oman can run her home well and have an outside career as well.

Opinians In Brie::

The aTj-CIO chiefs have pledged stepped-up political activity in 1960, particularly in Southern state.s. 'We predict that not one Southerner who backed the labor reform bill will be unseated because of his vote. Charleston (SC) Evening Post.

The National debt has grown from $540 per family in 1930, to $5,500 per family in 1959, an in-crea.se of more than 900 per cent. And in this year of great prosperity, we are not requiring that our government live within its income from federal taxes.

We are about to go further Into debt, meaning we will borrow from future generations and may devalue the dollar in order to get more government handouts today. Poughkeepsie (N.Y.) New Yorker.

The survival of liberty .seems to depend upon the ability of the modified forms of Capitalism of the Western world to survive. Prof. C. B. Hoover, Duke Univ.

If the federal government .ays what shall be taught and studied. It may freeze the advancement of knowledge for an indefinite period. B. C. Keeney, Pres. Brow'n Univ.

THE UNITED WAY

The ability to speak In several languages Is valuable, but the ability to keep your mouth shut is priceless.Sen. R. Kerr (Okla.)

We cant help feeling sorry for the modem young man. In our day, all you had to do w'as promise a girl indoor plumbing and electric lights; now its a Ferrari and a swimming pool. Jacksonville Timcs-Union.

Len<ders Acdvertise

act, have agreed to act as credit departments for small and medium-sized store.^.

And banks have inaugurated revolving check credit; Cu.s-tomers establish their reliability and gel check.s to sign even though they have no money on deposit. They start making monthly repayments a.s soon as thev write the.se check.s plus interest as going rates. That Is, the high going rate.s.

The revolving cheek credit romance ls the liutte.st new.s item in coiLsnmer banking." says the Ptuladelphia Federal Reserve in its Business Review The plaas are sweeping the indostry. Only a handful of bank.s offered revolving credit in 19.)8; now hundreds do and each week the total mount.s.

WILL IT LAST?

The Philly Fed concludes. It looks as though revolving crrrilt will earn a permanent place in the con.sumei credit framework.

Thats true if int.ere.st rate.s rrniaiii high. Rut if the Federal Rr.srrvc S.vst('m is influenced to reduce inlcrcsi rates down to

where they w'ere in 1940 (2.1 per cent average on short-term loans to bu.sines.s compared with almost 5 per cent now), the.se revolving credit plaas would atrophy quickly.

Banks are charging 12 per cent on tlie.'ie loans, and making money at it becaase the rate at which they can get money from the Federal at it because the rale at wiiich they can get money from the Federal Re.serve ls 3.5 per cent. But if the Federal Re-.serve rate dropped to 1.5 per cent, wliich it was in 1950, banks would face competition from other londers and be forced to ct their revolving credit rates.

That would give them a smaller mark on" their funds and they would be less eager to spend money promoting revolving credit.

Meanwhile, becaase of the higher price of money borrowing, olher granicrs of credit, .such a.s department stores, are counting their co.sts again. ciLstoniers from charge accounts

Many liaVe been uylng to filiiit

to revolving credit plans, by which the charger pays about 12 per cent a year. And, at the last meeting of the Associated Retail Credit Men of New York, many credit men expressed the idea that stores cannot afford to keep on granting 30-day credit to charge castoniers without levying some fees.

A .store that pays 8 per cent Interest on the money It needs to finance consumer credit may be losing one-third of Its net profit on sales not paid for 30 days. Thats why many will soon be asking customers to pay a charge on 30-day charge accounts.

NEWS TO BE USED IN BUSINESS MANAGEMENT

A round-up of facts on how to sell nonfood items through supermarkets has been put between the covers of a book. How to Sell the Supermarkets, by Julian H. Handler, an editor of Supermarket News. Its 181 pages. $6.50 from Fairchild Pub* licalioiLs, New York 3. A leaflet, Watch Your Cash. ls free for asking the Small Rasiness Administration, Washington 25, D.C.