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PAGE FOURTHE DAILY REFLECTOR, GREENVILLE, N. C.

Thurday, September 17, 19S9

Thursday, September 17, 1959

WouMja PLEASE Take Him Back?

Government Costs Keep Growing

With few signs to point to any relief in the rapid growth of government taxation at all levels, the American taxpayer faces a hather dismal future unless something can be done to reverse the trend.

Even with the rapid growth in the collection of taxes, government spending at all levels in recent years has surpassed taxation. That factor would suggest that taxes will continue to go up.

In total dollars during the past 10 years taxes of all kinds have increased by about 121 per cent moving from $336.9 billion in 1960 to an estimated $629,1 billion by next year. In their relation to the total national income, all taxes which took 21.1 per cent of the 1950 now take about 25.1 per cent of the total income of the nation.

According to a recent issue of U. S. News and World Report, total taxes levied by all levels of government during the year which began July 1 will amount to 113 billion dollars and that does not include some

13.3 billions which will be collected in the form of social security taxes.

The tax take by local governments has risen to about 4 per cent of the national income estimated for this year, an increase of about three-tenths of one per cent over the ratio which existed In 1950. The federal tax take, however, has now jumped to an estimated

17.3 per cent of the total national income.

In spite of these increases, the combined total of all government budgets remain in the red. In spite of the billions of dollars more that the federal, state and local governments are collecting, they are as a group spending more dolars than they are collecting from the people. The debt which must be repaid at some

Impact Of New

0

nws Is Grea

By LYNN NISBET

REVALUATION The laws enacted by the 1959 General Assembly affecting appraisal and advalorem tax rates are commonly known as the revaluation acts. The impact of the new laws goes much farther than setting up pi-ocedure for the periodic appraisal of real estate. John McMahon, executive secretary of general counsel of the N.C. Association of County Com missioners. says they constitute an entirely new approach to the local ad valorem tax problem.

Recommendations of the Tax Study Commission were embodied in several bills which came out as Chapter 6S2 and 704. Session Laws of 1959, and are codified in the General Statutes as amendments to various sections of G.S. 1(3. McMahon and WJ;. Easterling, secretary of the N.C. Local Government Commi&sion, point out that it is necessary to read a number of the subsections together in order to get their import.

CHANGES Most Important changes in the law seems to be these:

MandaUnr revaluation of all real estate every eight years, instead of every four years as previously required. This octennial appraisal must be made by personal inspection by competent appraisers. The act declares intent and purpose of ascertaining the actual money value of the property at time of appraisal. (Some objection was raised to this statement of intent, because It eliminated prior credits allowed for yard improvements, soil conservation policies, growing timber, and such. The new concept is that these factors have immediate effect on the money value of the property.)

There is continued provision for adjustment every year of appraised values of individual properties because of special conditions. Also, there is provision for horisontal percentage raising or lowering of valas every four years, mid-term of the inspe^ion-appraisal peric^, because of general economic conditions.

The new law requires the county commissioners and the tax supervisors to set up uniform standards of valuation, which will take into account type of property in relation to its surroundings. This provision is closely related to zoning ordinances. and the constantly changing status of residential areas to business development, and farming communities to industrial sites.

Perhaps the most significant change is absolute statutory re-quirement that all property be

assessed for taxes at the same percentage of its appraised value. For some years the constitution required that all property will be listed for taxes at its true value in money. That is no longer required, but the 1959 acts spell out in no uncertain terras the requirement that the true value must be ascertained and noted for all kinds of property, real and i^rsonal. Then the county commissioners must determine what percentage of the true value will be used as basis for the tax levy. But the percentage rate must be uniform. The practice followed in many counties of levying taxes on personal property at 75-100 percent, on real estate at 50 percent or less, and on some borderline items like heavy machinery attached to realty at a different percentage, will be illegal after January 1, 1960. JSvery taxpayer will pay the same rate of levy on all property with a few notable exceptions.

EXCEPTIONS The 1959 acts specifically except from their uniform coverage the rates on intangibles, on which the tax levy is fixed by another section, and which tax is collected by the State for remission to local government units. There are other exemptions on tobacco, peanuts and farm produce stored f(M: interstate or foreign export.

Carrying forward of these specific exemptions, plus the fact that any future General Assembly can authorize further exceptions for special commodities or for individual counties, raises serious question about the effectiveness of the 1959 laws.

The mandate for octennial revaluation is no more binding than the long standing mandate for quadrennial revaluation. And every legislative session In the past 20 years has had from three to twenty special local acts postponing revaluation in specified counties. A sort of educational campaign is already underway to discourage such special exemption acts for the eight-year schedule.

Despite laws requiring uniformity in tax rates within determined classes of property, many counties have applied different rules. The new law is more positive, but there is stUl the chance that some counties will attempt to tax personal property and real estate at different percentages of its appraised value.

The taxpayer has one advantage under the new law that he did not enjoy before. He can demand to know what the appraised value of his property is and what percentage of that value is used as basis for the tax levy.

time in the future is continuin<? to mount.

The nation, having shaken off the recession of last year, is now heading into what will probably be the most prosperous period in its history. The past decade as a whole has been by far the mpst^prbsp^ous period in the history of the nation. And yet, instead of the long-sought tax relief to which people have looked forward, there seems to be only a series of tax increases.

Have we reached the point where taxes can only go up and never come down? Ha/ we gone so far in creating big government that we mu.st continue to build it bigger, taking an increasing portion of the total national income each year to finance government operations?

It is high time officials and citizens alike take a careful look at the "cost of government operations and the huge slice of national income it takes to finance these operations. It is time positive steps were taken to afford citizens relief from the unprecedented tax burden which has been placed upon their shoulders.

The cost of government, like the cost of almost everything else, has gone up in the past decade. It may be, however, that in the period we have been building up more government than we need or can afford. . /

That Greener Grass In Splitting Highway $$

Throughout North Carolina there seems to be a feeling of sectional competition over allocations for highway purposes that has come through the decades and probably continue for decade.^: to come. *

Residents of the East view highway allocations for the Piedmont and Western sections of the state with considerable envy and contemplate what could be done with that money in improving highways in this section.

Westerners, on the other hand, travel the flat, straight roads in the East and decide they are getting the short end of the program so far as highways are concerned.

You folks in the East have all the good highways, a Westerner commented to us not long ago. We dont get the roads we need up here because they are too expensive to build. They can build them cheap in the East and so they build plenty of them.

While most Tar Heels are fairly well satisfied with condition of the highways in this state compared with those of our neighbors, they are inclined to the feeling that the grass is greenerso far as highway appropriations are concerned in another part of the state.

Westerners look at the seemingly endless ribbons of asphalt that wind through the secondary road system of the East and mentally compare them with the clay and gravel secondary roads that traverse many mountain counties. Easterners, on the other hand contemplate the millions of dollars it takes to build a road over, around or through a mountain area and feel a more equitable distribution of highway dollars should be made.

There will always be the feeling of sectionalism in North Carolina and the people of the West will continue to feel the East gets the lions share of good roads and vice versa.

I^eDrieve Before

The 1960 Brawl

By DON SCHLIENZ

nwelcome Quiet Days

It's right quiet around our house, even if the Little Miss does try to make more noise than her accustomed quota, she only rattles around like a bean in a ' football; she Just cant make up for

The Missing Element (her brother), who is staying away from home these days as a matter of principle ... as well as for rest and relaxation from dealing with the other members of his immediate family . . . in other words, there is a Umit to the "donts and lets nots and similar restraints, and . . .

Because our four-year-old has a mind of his own (sometimes) and he loves his aunt and uncles

and cousins dearly, as well as the freedoms life on the farm Implies . . . and, with summer closing up shop soon and the lessening of such golden opportunities in the near future, his mother and father arent making too big an issue out of it . . . though They do miss him in a way thats hard to explain; for instance, his swaggering entry after some deal with his neighborhood friends, his fascination with books at bedtime, the contest of wills w'hen Its time to get out of the tub, the illicit climbing and jumping from any and all pieces of furniture, his unquenchable yen for spaghetti

Other Editors Saying... Chairman Khrushchev

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By J.AMES MARLOW

WASHINGTON (AP)Togetherness in Washington is a political oddity. This was an odd year, although it wasnt supposed to be. Next year should be more normal. Its an election year.

The Democratic-run Congress, which ended its 1959 chores this week, got along so well with President Eisenhower it already has been accused of running obediently every time he whistled.

But even controversy between Northern and Southern Democrats was kept pretty much to a minimum. There are some pretty good reasons for the strange quietness which enveloped th^Capitol all year:

The Democratic leadership in Congress let Elsenhower call the tunes and it postponed until 19^ the most inflammatory issues, like new civil rights legislation, federal aid to education, and others.

Because the Democrats got overwhelming control of this Congress in the 1958 elections, they had been expected to impose their thinking on Eisenhower who up tl then had shown a very unaggressive leadership.

He fooled them. Right from the start he put them on the self-conscious defensive by accus-in them of wanting to spend too much money at the time when the country was recovering from the 19.58 recession. He said big spending wasnt needed.

To show that he meant what he said, he vetoed one bill after another and made all his vetoes stick except one at the end simply because enough Southern Democrats deserted their party's ranks to join Republicans in upholding the President.

If the two Democratic leaders Sen. Lyndon Johnson and Speaker Sam Rayburn, both of Texashad wanted to assert more leadership of their own and make a fight of It. they could have given Eisenhower a rougher time. They chose to play along.

The result was a lot of legislation but it was of a basic kind, and not very controversial.

Still, quiet' as it was, this session of Congress once again demonstrated one of the myths in American politicsthe idea that there are really only two political parties: Democrats and Republicans.

In thHirst place, despite their talk of mfferences between them, Democrats and Republicans see so much alike on major issues, difierlng mostly on details, that

a foreigner would have a hard time distinguishing between them.

In the second place, there are really three political parties Democrats, Republicans, and Southern Democrats any time the Southerners want it to be that way.

Any time they disagree with the thinking of the Northern and- Western Democrats, they can and do split off as a large bloc to line up with the opposition Republicans.

They showed their power in teaming up with House Republicans to pass a tougher labor control bill than the rest of the Democrats had .in mind but which Eisenhower wanted.

They showed it repeatedly by splitting offat least enough of them to be effectiveto join the Republicans in upholding Elsenhowers vetoes, with one exception.

But next year Congressin addition to civil rights and federal aid to educationfaces legislation on farming, minimum wages, broadening of Social Security. aid for depressed areas, and possibly income tax changes.

Any one of those p roblems creates heat. If the Democratic leadership tries to pass civil rights legislation with real teeth in It. the Southerners will fight.

While the Democrats will have to woo the .vote of minorities and a strong civil rights bill is attractive to Northern Negro votersthe leaders have to think of something else: how not to split their party in n election year.

A rough and tumble on civil rights alone If it left deep scarscould hurt the Democrats as a party in the presidential election.

So this years togetherness, between the Democrats and the White House, was more like a reprieve before a brawl than it was a lasting companionship.

Quote...

There never was written a piece of music so melodious and 80 sublime but what these modern arrangers and bands cant make a mess of It.Pike County (Ga.) Journal.

(The WUson Times)

The Communist leader of the, world, arrives in this free country today. It is a strange meeting, one that has been cussed and discussed from every angle.

The people seem to be aware of the fact that in all probability very little will become of the Khrushchev visit, except what propaganda the Communist leader can claim. And he is a past master at this art.

Khrushchev writes of peaceful coexistence. This means to leave the Communist nation, Russia to do everything short of wj^ to achieve world domination' for Communism. It means the opening of trade routes on their barter terms or long term credit.

There is this difference in the two nations. Eisenhower wants peace, Khrushchev wants the world. He is striving for an agreement whereby we give up all claims to trade, or influence in those countries now under the Red heels.

And remember that Russia has destroyed all democratic rights and liberties in its own country and in that of its satellites, as Hungary and the network of forced labor camps.

The President in his message tells the skeptical Americans, who sense the pitfalls in the coming visit, that he is aware of the Russian purposes, practices, and aims.

The President recalls the right of all people everywhere to freedom, referring to the people of Eastern Europe. He takes his stand on the Berlin issue, and he outlines a course for frank face to face exploration of steps to melt the cold war. He has met Khrushchev before at Geneva, the Summit meeting in 1955.

Then the peoples rights cannot be bargained away, the President reiterates. All through the Presidents message you feel that he is warning the people not to count too strongly on hope for dissolving basic differences. In other words the public is about to come to the conclusion that very little good can or will come of the visit, except the good time the Khrushchev family will have in America, enjoying luxuries that they get in small numbers in their country.

But this may be the hope of the visit. For if Americans and their way of life can impress the Red boss then he may soften up, even though the Russian flag is said to float on the moon.

We can hope for good from the ~ visit. But we should not build our sights too high. There is one point on which it is hoped all will be reasonable and circumspect. This is that there will be no incidents of importance. Certainly the groups who disapprove will make a demonstration. This Is to be expected in a free world, and this alone will open the eyes of the Red leader. For there is no chance to disagree in Russia. All are yes men.

But Americans mind your manners. He should be treated as a visitor of the stature he holds, which is the ruler of the most powerful nation on earth today with the exception of America. And he would contest this statement.

There need be no wild demonstrations in his favor, or demonstrations against him. For after all we do not want to hamper any good that can come from the visit. If only one step is made in the direction of easing tensions the visit is worth our while.

ChiicK

Isn

Violen

By TRACY ANN BOYLE For Her Father, Hal Boyle

NEW YORK (AP)-Daddy is always asking me, Well, when are you going to start bringing some fresh money into the family?

I tell him that, a(ter all, I am just a little girl only 6 years old getting ready to start first grade.

Thats no excuse. Idleness never pays- When I was your age I was sweeping out my fathers grocery storefor a dime a year, he says.

Daddy says somewheres he still has that first dime he earned mama says he probably has the second one toobut he never seems to have it when I want an ice cream cone.

Well, if you worked for your daddy. I'll work for you, I told him other night. But I want

three meals a day (7 days a week), those repeated Whys, the frequent need to track him down at a neighbors house when hes wanted at home, and

Then, theres the I-dont-want-to-sleep-alone problem which raises its head every evening at about the same hour (sometimes in the night he awakes and sneaks into bed wdth his parents) . . .

To say nothing of his favorite television programs he enjoys watching while performing a few contortions or other distracting pasttimes dug up from nobody-knows-where . . .

All these things are missed after the first few hours of unaccustomed quiet around the homestead, and when that peace lasts into the next day, one glumly wonders how they let that little (but, oh-so-important) bit of the family get away for even a few minutes . . . his mother keeps checking up on how hes doing, but his father pretends its all just a part of growing up . . . even though he is reminded at the quiet breakfast table and the still quieter supper table that some part of him is missing and the price is high;

For Instance, there is a reasonably orderly living room these days; there is much less dirt tracked into the kitchen; fewer items of clothing scattered around; no more picking up of building blocks; no more foot races in the hall . . . followed by slamming doors; no more animal Imitations; no more (Continued on Page 7)

Strength For To(dav

By EARL L. DOUGLASS CURE OF ILLNESS Yesterday we spoke about the emotionally diseased and ended by sajdng that they need cure. What is cure for the emotionally diseased?

The emotionally diseased person is suffering particularly from two things. In the first place, he lives within himself. His thoughts continually revert to himself and to his comforts. Anything that disturbs these comforts is wrong. Or the diseased person may be a woman. If so, she may brood over the fact that she is not beautiful, or that she is not a social sensation. Other people with more money than she and her husband flout their good fortune and make everybody else feel cheap. Many people have good fortune but she has never had it.

The first step toward cure for

20 cents a year.

He finally agreed to pay 15.

My first assignment was to interview Chuck Connors, who plays on television and is one of my favorite actors. Daddy came along too, so I guess the lunch must have been free.

Well, guess whati Chuck Connors is nearly 614 feet tall and weighs 217 pounds, and is strong enough to crush a kindergarten teacher in each hand.

1 was so surprised I laid down on tiie restaurant seat and hid my face in my hands.

I can see your freckles, said Chuck, and I said I hated them, and he said.. Ive got freckles on my back, but you cant see them. And Ive got four boys of my own, but I sure wish I had a couple of little girls, too.

Well, he was so nice I sat up and ate a hamburger and some strawberry ice cream. Chuck at a martini and some tomato juice, some chopped chicken liver, 12 cherry stone clams, and a great big hamburger and some coffee, and where it all went I dont know. Actors sure must get hungry.

Well, Chuck said he used to play baseball for the Chicago Cubs, and he showed me the little finger he broke once playing professional basketball in Boston. It is still bentjust like a measuring worm.

One day a movie company paid Churck $500 for one days work on a picture, and he decided right then baseball was just a boys game. I asked him how long it would take a little girl to make $500 if she only got 15 cents a year., and Chuck looked surprised and said, Oh, about 3,333 years. Daddy harrumphed and turned red.

Well, Chuck said being a Western star wasnt all hay and oats. He was born in Brooklyn and had trouble staying in a subway, saddle until four years ago when he bought a horse for $50 and learned how to ride. He said h paid an old movie cowboy to teach him how to be a cowboy, too. i

He also had to learn to shoot a rifle, and now he says he can shoot a rifle six times in two seconds with either hand. I asked him if he could shoot faster than Marshal Dillon, and he asked. Who?

Chuck said he didnt like violence and that of his last 40 films, nobody was shot in 20 of them, and that he really wouldnt actually shoot anybody, not even for moneynot even a producer. Its all an act with him.

Well. I guess I wont be doing any more interviews. Im not going to work for Daddy anymore. Fm not going to grow up and be a nurse either. Im going to buy a horae and a rifle and go out West with Chuck Connors where the real ice cream money is.

+ + +

a person emotionally diseased is for him orh er to get oct into th open and to slam the door on self. The worst place in the world for anyone to live is in the center of his own morbid thoughts. When you begin to pity yourself, do anything necessary to get yourself out of that horrible and decimating state of mind.

The second thing an emotionally diseased person needs if he would step toward cure is the realization that there is a God in heafen who is also on earth and in the heart of epery human being who wants Him to be there.

Get out of yourself. God has a destiny for you, and this destiny fery decidedly does not inpolp whining.

Get cured.

Next, Manaaers To Be Certified?

fn law the accused is presumed innocent until found guilty, but public opinion usually has it the other way around. Hawkinsville (Ga.) Dispatch and News,

By EL.MER ROESSNER

Certification of qualified managers may be ahead, Lawrence A. Appley, president of the American Management Association. suggests in its current bulletin.

It wont come soon, he conceded, No organization or society would now be presumptuous enough to set up qualifications of an E.D., or an executive doctorate.

But in many companies it is already an established practice for the management to certify its managers by passing on their competence, Mr. Appley writes. And in the not too distant future, the certification of a manager by the management of the organization for which he works, or is to work, will take more formal and specific shape.

OFFERS A YARDSTICK

Mr. Appley did not wander

into dream areas, suggesting that Harvard offer a doctorate in executive vice-pre^idency, or that Michigan consider awarding appropriate candidates an M.M. a master of management.

But he did offer a list of skills that could be measured in a possible test. He suggested:

1. Emotional stability. psychological adjustment to the work to be done, and basic management aptitudes. These, he added, should be ascertained by a battery of established, proven and professionally recognized personnel tests administered by experts.

2. Personal qualifications. These can also be determined by scientific tests. After basic qualities of character, intelligence, etc., are determined by more common means, he proposes tests on sensitivity to detail, awareness to opportunity, reliability, appreciation of hu

man values, willingness to make sacrifices, and economic acuity. (Webster: acuity: sharpness.)

KNOWING WHAT ITS ALL ABOUT

3. A philosophy and understanding of management. This, Mr. Appley suggests, can be determined by a written statement of the candidates philosophy.

4. Management skills. These can be determined by evidence of a long list of activities, including long- and short-range planning, organizing in terms of structure and people, decision making and leadership.

Dr. Appley went on: The

assumption that because management is a profession and because a man is a manager he 1s therefore a professional manager is fallacious and danger-

OU.S,

He concluded: The next five years will see a dramatic in-crea.se in specific, organized

activity by managements in th# formal certification of managers.

IRISH STEP UP BIDS FOR NEW INDUSTRIES The Irish are threatened with the loss of one industrythe care and service of trans-Atlantic planesas new jets pass over the Emerald Isle. So the government is increasing its bid to new industries. It has increased th maximum grant to new industries from 50,0(K) to 250,000 pounds. BITS AND PIECES OF SIGNIFICANT NEWS When a street Improvement blocked a Buffalo store, it put on a street repair sale, capitalizing on what might have been a serious sales Inhibitor. . .American visitors to Russia like a carbonated tomato drink so much it may be duplicated here. . . The Federal Trade Commission is checking claims that margarine made from corn oU prevents heart diseases.