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PAGE FOUR

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THE DAILY REFLECTOa GREENVILLE, N. C

i

Wednesdy, Aigust ^l2/ 1

Wednesday, August 12. 1959

u

Man On The Fence

Does One Investment Solve It All?

There are few /if any children in Greenville who are aware of the investment their parents and other taxpayers have made in the facilities in which they attend school. There are few^ also who are aware of the amount of money spent annually on the school system to provide them wdth a public school education.

' .And what applies to the children in this instance probably applies to most parents as well.

A recent report indicated that the Greenville City Schools spent a total of $850,000 last year on current 'expenses to provide schooling to the 4,884 youngsters ^nr^led in the citys schools. The per capita cost of operating the local schoolsbased on enrollment-

every child in the community. ;

In addition to the year^to-year cost of operating the schools, taxpayers have an investment in school buildings and property of $6,400 for each pupil enrolled in the local school system.

Recognizing the value of the pupil school system, taxpayers have no misgivings about either the invest-m'ent in school property or the annual cost of operating the schools. Most of the taxpayers are anxious that our public education system continue to improve which will cost even more moneyin order that better

amounted to $175. On the basis of the average daily attendance, $189 per student was spent in operating the city schools.

Those figures mean, of course, that a 12-year public school education in Greenville costs from $2,000 to $2,268 per pupil depending on whether you figure Jt on an average attendance basis or on a total enrollment basis. Either way it is a considerable investment the taxpayers make in the public school education of

iVIost Districts

!-ace Contests

By LYNN NISBET

CONGRESS One of the most Ihtertsting developments on the poliUcal front is the prospect of Democratic primary contests in majority of the congressional districts. Opinion had "widely prevailed iat in view of the pro-hablt necessity for redistric-iing before the 1962 election, JJjere would be very little pri-SBftry activity in district races next year.

WJC. Cobb. Republican state ehainnan, has given assurance there will be a candidate of his party In every districtand he bopes almost complete tickets for local offices In every county. The prospect for peace and harmony In Democratic circles next spring lias been upset by recent developments.

Latest news is that a grassroots movement to back Johh A. Lang of Moore against incumbent Paul Kltchin in the eighth is gaining support Lang has long been regarded a potential contender for that berth. He was congressman C.B. Deans secretary during his tenure. He could not run against his boss, and after Deanes defeat in 1956 he noved over to become secretary to Rep. Robert E. Jones of Alabama. Although that prevented continuing close contact ^with his own district he has ept in touch with personal gnd political friends at home. They think this may be tbc time tor him to make the pitch.

Wills Hancock of Granville, incumbent and several times State Senator, Is emerging as a likely contender for the fifth district seat now held by Rep. Ralph ,Bcott of Stokes. The son of former Congressman Frank W. Hancock, he and his family have important contacts throughout the district. Another potential in that district is Richard G. Long Of Pmon, member of the Utilities Commission and former State senator. It is known tiiat flcveral men in Winston-Salem feel that the congressman ought to come from Forsyth, by far the biggest county in the district.

CHALLENGERS - Walter Jones of Pitt, several times re-loesentative in the General As-jetnbly, looms as the most likely challenger for the first district seat held by Rep. Herbert Bonner of Beaufort. Other prospects there are Allen Askew, Gates county legislator, and Jack Spain, former mayor of Green-Yllle, presenUy administrative ssistant to Sen. Sam Ervin, a jpost he held under Sen. Clyde Hoey. For more than 40 years the first district congressman has lived in Washington, Beaufort * countyJohn Small, Hallett Ward, Lindsay Warren and Herbert Bonner. Other parts of the district admittedly are restive un-' der that prolonged tenure, but past efforts to unseat the popular Bonner have not afforded en-*wmiragement to challengers,

Bedford W. Black of Cabarrus, a iort of Ion# wolf in politics and currently a member of the General Assembly, concedes that he could be persuaded to take on Congressman Hugh Q.

Alexander in the ninth district. Such a race would be in effect a contest between the Cannon textile interests in Cabarrus. Rowan and Stanly counties and other interests in the district. Probability is that if Black gets into the race several others will file, thus splitting the so-called anti-Cannon vote and strengthening Alexanders position.

In the third district James Simpkins, State senator from Craven who unsuccessfully challenged Rep. Graham A. (Hap) Barden in 1956, may make another try. He is acting very much like a candidate. So is Sam Whitehurst, Craven representative. If it looks like the veteran Barden can be unseated, there are several people in Carteret. Duplin and Wayne counties who might join the fracas.

The virus of political candidacy is as contagious as smallpox, and if real races develop in some districts there may be presently unanticipated contests in others.

CERTAINTY As of now there are no indications that L.H. Fountain in the second; Harold D. Cooley in the fourth; Carl Durham in the sixth; Alton Lennon in the seventh, and Basil Whitener in the eleventh, will have serious trouble. There is pretty general agreement that Dave Clark in the tenth will get by the primary without a great deal of worry, but if incumbent Charles Raper Jonas runs again he will face serious trouble in November.

The 12th district offers virtual certainty of a knock-down drag-out fight for the Democratic nomination for Congress. Incumbent David M. Hall got the nominationand was electedlast year through combination of small counties against Buncombe when the district committee had to replace George Shufrod, who had been nominated in the primary and resigned from the ticket because of health. Hall Is the first congressman in history to come from west of Haywood, the first in a generation to come from West of Buncombe. Buncombe casts about one-third of the total votes in the 10-county district and quite understandably demands recognition. Haywood is next biggest voter and resents being ignored.

Likely candidates from Haywood Include Heinz Rollman, who ran second but far behind Shu-ford in the 1958 primary; William Medford, veteran State senato) Oral Yates, several times representative. and Jonathan Woody, Waymesjille banker. Buncombe prospects Imve been reduced almost to a contest between Lamar Gudger, former legislator and solicitor, and Roy Taylor, former legislator and long time county attorney.

Consensus among those In the know is that if Buncombe can get together and give all out support to one candidate, Dave Hall will have an awfully hard time holding his .seat in Congress. If factional fights in Buncombe and Haywood split his opposition, he has better than even chance to stay on.

The Daily Reflector

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educational opportunities will be afforded our youth.

We wonder sometimes whether the youngsters in the publip schools ever stop to realize the amount of money being paid by their parents and other taxpayers to provide them with a basic education. We wonder whether they are aware of the sacrifices in terms of tax dollars the entire community makes in order to provide them with an education.

And there is another thought which comes to mind in this connection. Do the people of this and other communities give proper consideration to what happens to our youth after they receive their basic education? Are we affording them sufficient opportunity in their home communities to remain here after their schooling and become a part of the community? Or are we, By failing to afford them proper opportunities*^ encouraging them to go elsewhere for jobs and become citizens of other areas or other states?

In short, are w^e providing them with a basic education and then sending them elsew^here to put it to use?

The investment each community makes in the education of its youth is considerable. But the community gains a reasonable return on that investment only if it provides sufficient opportunity for its youth to encourage them to remain in the community as adults.

Greenville is making the investment in public education, but is it affording the opportunities its youth seek?

Show It

All To

Visitor-

By HAL BOYLE

NEW YORK lAP)Every adult American seems to have his own Ideas about what we ought to show Soviet Premier Nikita Khrushchev during his visit next month.

Sure Proof Of Pitts

By MARTHA PIERCE

Working For* Program

All Of Us Crescentites

The fact that no penalty marketing cards have been issued for any of the 1959 tobacco crop produced in Pitt is indicative of efforts being made by local farmers to comply with marketing regulations.

According to the local ASC office there was no overplanting of tobacco allotments in the county this year and there was no discount variety of tobacco planted in the county this year.

As the largest producer of flue-cured tobacco, Pitt naturally has a major stake in the tobacco marketing and price support program. Its farmers stand to gain more than those of any other county under a favorable tobacco program, and they also stand to lose more if the program is undermined or altered to the detrimenl of farmers.

Pitt farmers also have more to gain from the production of the kind of tobacco which purchasing companies w'ant and demand, and more to lose by producing varieties or other unacceptable types of tobacco.

The fact that not a single penalty marketing card has been issued in Pitt this,year for the tobacco crop should indicate to the purchasing companies that Pitt farmers are striving to make the tobacco program work and at the same time produce the kind of tobacco most in demand. It is to be hoped that these facts in turn will bolster company demands for Pitt tobacco that they are assured has been produced in keeping with marketing regulations.

The University of North Carolina is at the mid-way point in a 5-year Ford Foundation project which is a study of the Crescentite the urban dweller of the Piedmont Industrial Crescent which stretches between the Washington-Baltimore area and Atlanta. Ga.

The Carolina Crescentites live in the area between Raleigh and Greenville, S.C. The study report sent out by the University news bureau gives some of the chaxac-tertetics of the typical urbanite

and his community.

He tends toward independent thinking, approaches problems and issues with individualism and his attitudes are affected by his rural origins. First reports indicate that half of the urban residents came from rural communities, but only one out of five Is native born to his community.

Of the Crescentites who moved to this area from great distances, the majority hold white-collar jobs and ^are least likely

Other E(ditors Saying Politics In Road Work

"ke No Lonaer

'n Backarounc.

RATIONAL AOVKRTI81NO REPReHCNlATI?BE TBomxa W Clxrk Co., Inc., New York. Chicago, Atlanta llemtwr Audit BuTMU of OlrcalatlocL

All Mlvertlaint copy must be rMdveq at laaat ona dai batan pubUeatloo

By JAMES MARLOW

WASHINGTON (AP)One of 1959s surprises Is the way President Elsenhower has asserted himself. He used to press the soft-pedal hard.

Critics complained some still dothat he didnt do enough leading. But in 1959 he has become increasingly aggressive, particularly on home problems.

In foreign affairs he is still pretty defensive. His actions now, as in the past, are mostly reactions to Soviet actions.

There are several explanations for his 1959 performance:

1. He has to rely more on himself. Some key men he brought into government with him, and depended on most, are gone. Notably; Secretary of State John Poster Dulles, who 0e in May. and Sherman Adams, who quit last September.

2. Its either lead or be led. The Democrats, in overwhelming control of Congress, would run with the ball If he didnt speak out.

3. Time is running out for making good on his early promise.s, such as budget-balancing and less spending. He has just a little over 17 month.s left in office.

4. Since the Soviets are piush-ing. he has to push back. His invitation to Premier Nikita Klu-ushchev to come here was an effort to avoid or delay a showdown on Berlin.

Dulles, given free rein by Elsenhower, overshadowed the President in Foreign affaii-s. Yet. by his enormous work, he look a heavy burden of detail off Elsenhower Thats changed now.

Eisenhower doe.snt have the same close relationship with Dulles successor, Christian A, Herter,.who has been out of the country, negotiating on Berlin, most of the time since taking office last spring.

Which means: Elsenhower in foreign affairs has had to be much more his own front man.

Adams title assistant to the PresidenWwas a catch - all.

seems to have only a shadow of Adams importance in easing things for Eisenhower.

The result: Eisenhower has been forced into fighting harder and personallyfor what he does and doesnt want.

Eisenhower, like any President winding up his last term, was expected to show a waning influence in his last two White House years after the 1958 elections gave the Democrats a huge control in Congress. It hasnt turned out that way.

Time was when Eisenhower pulled back from a fight with Congress, seemed to think it Improper for a President to put the heat on House or Senate. Now, all year, he has been in a ^-unning battle with the Democrats.

This is especially true in the economic field. In 1952, when he was looking for this job, he promised balanced budgets, less spending, a sound doUar.

Since then he has balanced the budget only twice, living costs are up 10 per cent, and increased government costs ruined his low spending dreams. These frustrations seem to be a goad to him now. .

He is ti7ing hard now for the balanced budget. By banging away at the Democrats as spender.s, he has made them very self-conscious about costs. Yet. despite all his efforts In this direction, he has been hit with an ir' ro*:

In a recent Gallup Poll th# Republicans got less credit for money saving than the Democrats.

In foreign ,affairsalthough he has had to assert himself more he Has shown no thinking dif-^fprent from the programs and policies laid down years ago.

(Henderson Dispatch)

Confronted with charges that some of its activities have been motivated by political considerations, the State Highway Commission has come up fighting, as was to be expected and for which it cannot be blamed. Accusations of political overtones are not uncommon in public agencies, no matter how conscientiously they may be managed. Usually there are outside groups who are dissatisfied and who crave a greater voice in affairs.

Chairman Broughton, in a speech to the Rotary club in Statesville, where the commission met several days ago. said the record simply does not bear out charges that the commission is seeking votes in its decisions. Commissioner Ralph Howland said the criticism is asinine, groundless and nonsensical.

Pew outsiders or those who are not familiar with workings of the commission are capable of passing judgment upon the degree of politics entering into commission policies. Unbiased appraisal of the set-up might properly be arrived at on the theory that politics as such is no more involved in highway affairs than in other State programs, unless to the extent that the commission comes into contact with a greater number of people than some others.

Political considerations actually might very well creep into highway matters. Intimations have been that the-discharge of several score employes of late was a step toward bringing in others with influence and who know their way around in politics at the local level.

Power politics has been mentioned in connection with the recent resignation of Chief Engineer-- W.H. Rogers, who step

ped out in lieu of taking a less important job. Howland had an answer to that, and said the commission did all in its power to keep Rogers, who is held in .high regard and was offered a position of high trust.

Howland said charges that the commission had approved bridges over the Cape Fear river, Oregon Inlet and Alligator river in a bid for votes was equally groundless. He added that critics are moved by thrir own political ambitions in trying to disrupt the program of this highway administration.

Situations like this are not new to the highway commission. They have cropped up in other years. At one time it was actually charged that highway employes were actively soliciting votes for certain candidates for office, including one gubernatorial campaign.

Generally, North Carolinas road program through the years has been well administered and has lifted the State out of the mud and put It upon surfaced roads. There has been no major scandal, or scandal of other proportions. There may been political machinations at times, and may be now to an extent. We wouldnt know. But we doubt if politics is any more involved now than in previous years.

01 course, there shouldnt be any. The roa'd system is designed to serve all the people, and ought not to be permitted to become a political football for or against any group. At the same time, freedom of speech is brought Into play, and that is the right of all dissident elements. Actually some benefit might derive by keeping the commission on its toes In doing the best possible job for the State as a whole.

to have farm backgrounds. Newcomers to the urban areas of the crescent were found to be more responsive to problems and needs of the community than those who had lived in the area for a long time-. Lack of opportunities for intellectual and cultural development, traffic congestion. and lack of order and planning in growth and development were listed by newcomers as sources for dissatisfaction.

Leadership among the crescent urbanites revealed that they are concerned with a wider range of problems that the typical residents. Leadership is more concerned with specific public facilities, industrial development, ment, streets, and highways and air transportation.

The average white-jurbanite is concerned with some public facilities, such as hospitals and school, but worries less about other community problems. The average Negro urbanites major concern is things affecting him directly: umemployment, lack of job opportcnities and poor housing conditions. All groups are deeply concerned about race relations, integration and segregation.

Another survey polled the typical resident for his view of an ideal town. It would have, above all. good roads, and sidewalks which would be supplemented by convenient public transportation. Life in the ideal town would carry prestige and the right kind of people would live there. These people would attend to their own business and respect ones privacy.

Respect of privacy is more important to the Crescentite than a folksy friendliness. Physical facilities, such as schools, parks, shopping centers are valued, but rank second in importance to the towns social characteristicsexcept for roads and sidewalks which rank first.

As this half-million dollar study moves into the evaluation stage, the pictures of the typical Crescentite and his commcnities gathered through surveys will be used to forecast the economic, political, and sociological problems which may loom in the future.

Some would brusquely show him the door. Some would sweep the dirt under the rug and let him see only the parlorfirst counting the silver, of course.

But, perhaps surprisingly, a majority of letter writers to the newspapers on tMs topic favor showing the Soviet leader the great American house from top to bottomnot only the spotless kitchen and living room, but also the debris in the attic and the leaky comer In the basement.

They want him to see us with our best foot forward, true, but they also have a ruggedly honest wish that he see the bad about us as well as the goodthe defects we know we have and have not yet corrected.

Behind this aititude lies a wholesome and sturdy desire to prove to Khrushchevor any one else who comes alongthat, above all, Americans arent hypocrites, >

What could you show him that would give him a real feeling about America?

Here are stops on one mans ideal Baedecker for Nikita;

The New York Stock Exchange. No Soviet leaders life is complete without a visit to Wall Street.

A Sunday drive through any next suburban town anywhere in America, just as the churches are letting out.

A big annual family reunion picnic at any small farm in the Midwest or South. He could count the cars.

A New England town meeting, to show him that in America Democracy and government spring from the individual.

An integrated public school in New York. The public school is the place where, above all, the melting pot melds all races and creeds into Americans.

Any strike-bound town, such as Homestead. Pa., to show him that labor in America Is not a total prisoner of either capital or government.

A visit to Harlem and the Bowery, or the slums and skid row sections of any big Amert* can cityand the dents being made in them by new housing developments.

The Gridiron banquet in the nations capital, when top U.S. officials sit and watch themselves (Continued on Page 5)

Strength

For To(dav

Quote...

If the financing is federal, sooner or later the federal bureaucrats will be calling the tune. We believe we would rather pay a piper who is a little closer to home. Covington iTenn.) Leader.

By EARL L. DOUGLASS PONDER THAT ONE

First the Greeks, then the Romans, then the people of Western Europe, then the people of North America! That is the order in which the great civilizations of the past 3000 years have arisen. The Greeks built up an empire of art and beauty. The Romans showed the world how to rule and administer. The people of Western Euroi^ made various contributions. The Spaniards and Portuguese were the discoverers. The Germans contributed largely to sdlenttfio achievements. The English extended their empire to far distant areas. The Americans and Canadians have built up a manufacturing and commercial civilization and raised the stafidards of life to heights hitherto unknown.

But it is most disconcerting that the Greek civilization was washed up centuries ago. Rome had a great era. but AJ>. 476 is one of the tragic dates of history. Spain and Portugal may still be great.for they are advantageously located geographically. England shows the effects of having gone through the poundings of two World Wars.

And what about ourselves? Whither are we going? Where will we come out? Of one thing primarily rise and fall because they do not .obey certain infalible moral laws and principle*.

Are we headed today for greater triumphs or are we headed toward setbacks and perhaps devastations?

You ponder that ene and answer It If you can.

Steel Not Alone In Big Profits

By ELMER ROE.S.SNER

YOUR BLOOD IS NEEDED

Bp a donor

of staff, executive vice president, buffer, filter, firefighter 'and plantation mnager for Eisenhower,

He .saved the President enrlle.s.s lime, chores, problems and decisions in running the government. Hus .successor, Wilton B.

Persons, retired major general,

Steel profits were truly large during the first half of the year but perhaps they were not so sensational after all. Other industries made more money and increased profits by more percentage points.

U.S. Steel profits for the first ^half were $254.948.496, an all-* time record for any steel company in a half year, and almost double the companys earnings of $135,650.730 fpr the first half of 1958.

Other steel companies reported sizable increases. Steel companies were quick to point out that the 1959 half was compared to a recession-ridden half of 1958, that part of the profits were due to

ers who expected a strike, and that the rate of earnings was only slightly higher than the rate in 1957.

ivp now

CALL YOUA RLD CROSS CHARTER

SHIFT IN SENTIMENT / David J. McDonald, president of the Steelworkers Union, called the figures astronomical and said the companies were rolling

in wealth, The figures caused a shift In public sentiment: they seemed to support Mr. McDonalds contention that the Steel companies could grant his unions demand without raising the prices of steel.

Whether the Industry can depends not so much on past profits as it does on future developments of the economy: there is no positive answer now.

But there are some positive facts on the question of whether steel profits were excessive in the first half of this year.

The August monthly letter of the First National City Bank of New York sheds some Interesting light on the problem.

It tabulates the net income of .. 808 leading corporations by

year.

RECESSION TO BOOM

It also compares their profits in that booming first half with the .recessionary first half of

1958.

The 33 iron and steel companies did mighty good. Net earnlnga la the fir&t hall of 1958

w ere $304.675.000 and In the first half of 1959, $770,467,000. Thats an increase of about 152 per cent.

But the 36 auto and parts companies increased net profits from $366.646,000 to $1,094,692,-(H)0, or about 225 per cent. And the 27 textile and apparel corporations increased income from $11.342.000 to $49,678,000, a 340 per cent upsurge.

So if net earnings are the criteria for pay increases, the auto workers and textile employees ought to get much fatter Increases than the steelworkers.

Still, that iron and.steel half-year profit of more than $770,000,-000 looks fairly large. But the 36 auto and parts companies and 36 petroleum producing and refining companies netted more than

And five (yes, five) telephone and telegraph companies had a net of $588,856,000or almost as much as the 33 iron and steel companies.

If either the rate of Increase of profits between the first half of depressed 1958 and the flrat iiali ol booming 1959, or the

size of profits this year, 1* to be a criterion of wages, then Mr.-McDonalds men have lesser claims than have the Auto Workers Union, the textile workers^ the oil workers and the communi-^ cations employees.

And that leaves an Interesting problem. If the steelworkers , are entitled to wage increases \ because steel companies improved earnings, should employees In in 26 non-automotive transportation equipment companies ask for pay cuts because net earnings In the first half of 1959 declined 13 per cent?

PUBLISHERS LAUNCH APPLIANCE CAMPAIGN ,

In the first national promotion of its kind, the Bureau of Advertising of the American News FufsaatiftBa ^'AswKaaEtion has sent material to newspaper, appliance manufacturers and distributors for a huge promotion on Make your home hap-pief with a NEW appliance The campaign will appear In print from November 9 to 21, building up interest for Christ^ mas sales

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