FACE WunTHE DAILY REFLECTOR, GREENVILLE, N. <!.

Tuesday, August 4, 1959

Tuesday, August 4, 1959

Ike-Khrushchev Visits Offer Hope

4 > ,

The exchange of visits between President Eisen- sense of security? ' hower and Sovkt Premier Khrushchev has abruptly From the standpoint of receiving first-hand' input relationships between the tw^^o nations in a new formation and impressions, the exchange of visits be-

Getting Haurder To Sell It

Ught

Coming just prior to the complete breaddown of the Geneva Conference in which foreigh ministers of East and West have sought unsuccessfully to reach a solution to the Berlin crisis, the reciprocal visits of the two world leaders sets the stage for a dramatic new

tween President Eisenhower and Premier Khrushchev will be of immense value. Each will get a look at the other country and an opportunity to evaluate for himself conditions and the feeling of the people. At the same time the visits will afford a natural occasion for the unleasing of propaganda campaigns by both na-

chapter in East-West relations. While the visits will ^^ons to be absorbed by other people throughout the include only unofficiaP* talks between President

Reaction to the visits outside either the United States or the Soviet Union will be as important to future world events as the reaction within the two nations. ___

For all the unanswered questions which still surround this exchange of visits, the balance appears to What does this mean in terms of .world tension, tilt in favor of better relations between East and West

Eisenhower and Premier Khrushchev, they will be tantamount to a two-way summit conference. Unless they explode into unexpected hostile visits, they certainly will lead to ah bfficiaV summit conference between top officials of East and West.

hopes for a more stable peace and a meeting of minds between the Soviet Union and the Western Allies?

It is the beginning of a new era of the peaceful co-existence" that has been talked so frequently in

after the visits. At least the United States and the Soviet Union have reached the point where their top officials can again sit across the table from one another and talk things over. For all the charges and

recent years? Does it mark the beginning of an e^c- tZ exchanged between

tended period of good relationships without the re-

cuirance of crises several times a year throughout the S'*

^ This is at least an encouraging change from the Or is this merely another lull, the calm before a situation which has existed most of the period since storm which is brewing on the w'orld scene and will World War II. break as soon as the West becomes drowsy in a false

$5 Million For State Education

By LYNN NISBET

DEFENSE EDUCATION North Carolina will have available for the upcoming school term more than five million dollars In new Federal funds for enriching and strengthening the educational program. Some four million dollars of this money will be used In public schools, me other million in colleges and universities

The funds are allocated under terms of the National Defense EducaUon Act of 1958. Dr. Nile P. Hunt of the Department of Public Instruction, who is In charge of administering most phases of the act, says this is the third major venture of the Federal government into the area of cooperating with States in education. The first was the Land Grant college act of almost 100 3tears ago. Ne:# was the vocational education program inaugurated around the tern of the century. In some ways this newest venture is more significant, for that it moves for the first time into the field of general education at elementary and secondary schools levels, as well as in colleges and special purpose programs.

Of the ten sections or titles of the act, four are of peculiar concern to public schools; three concern institutions of higher learning, and three are general in application. The overall objective is to broaden the scope and increase efficiency of educational processes. None of the money can be used to replace or substitute functions now being performed. The State and local units must match Federal funds dollar for dollar in a three-way approach to enriching and strengthening the 'educational system: Better trained and classified personnel, araongt eachers and pupils; improved technique in instructional processes, and. adequate essential equipment and materials as tools with which to do the better job.

COMPREHENSIVEAll phases of the act are inter-related, each complementing or supplementing all the others. The most comprehensive and the one with greatest total Impact is Title in, which provides for strengthening instruction In science, mathematics and modem languages. Out of the total of $75 million appropriated for this purpose. N(i;h Carolina has been allotted a little more than three million. Since this program may be used in every grade from one through twelve, and total enrollment in North Carolina is slightly more than one million, this means approximately three dollars for each pupil, to be matched by equal dollars locally, giving about six dollars for each pupil. The oiy State activity in this field is supervision. The State Board of Education asked the General As-

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Local

Most

Effort Means To Industry

sembly for funds to help counties match Federal dollars but failed to get it.

None of this money can be used for teacher salaries. All of it must be applied to purchase of equipment and materials, with some allowance for minor remodeling of buildings to provide laboratories. (Other titles in the Act tend to aid teacher training and support.)

Dr. Hunt says a significant feature of this title may be a laboratory approach to the teaching of languages, as contrasted with the old textbook system. This envisions use of electronic equipment by means of which the pupil may hear .himself as well as teachers and experts converse in the language being taught, and thus learn more readily to understand and make himself understood in conversations with other nationals. This may mean a more revolutionary change in methods of teaching language than in science and mathematics.

TESTING AND GUIDANCE Title V deals with testing pupils, both for academic achievements and for aptitude. Results of these tests are used as basis for guidance and counseling to help pupils channel themselves into further courses for which they seem best adapted. For the next school year North Carolina has been allotted $445,000 to be matched by local units. This program is applicable only to grades 7 through 12.

Although the National Defense Education Act was not signed by the President until after North Carolina schools opened last fall, 145 local administrative units participated in the testing phase. It Is expected that all 174 will participate diming the next school year. And up to about ten days ago 85 units were in position to move along with the guidance program, with many more expected to come in during the term. The counseling phase will move more slowly, because of lack of trained personnel to carry it out.

An interesting sidelight on this testing, guidance and counseling program Is that it had more enthusiastic support from business men than other parts of the actperhaps more from business than from professional educators. Practical business men want their tax money spent for training pupils along lines for which they are best fitted, rather than spent trying to make bankers out of natural born preachers, or farmers out of boys with natural bent for industrial activities. ------

Vocational education phases, the follow-through to college courses, and the wrap up statistical sections of the Act will be discussed in subsequent articles.

Those who know most about the complicated business of bringing about industrial development in an area have long insisted that what is done locally to attract an industry is far more important than what is done at any other level in the process.

If the beople of a community are not sold on in- Hv HFl'MRY HOWARn dustrial development, they can't expect to sell prospects on the idea of locating in the community. If local " people cant sell their community to a prospect, then no outsider" can do the job either.

Some 270 New Bern business men have taken a positive approach to this matter of doing something on The other day we came across the local level to attract and hold industrial prospects. hSsXuCmay'ie They have banded together and raised $400,000 to be ing along, used for purchasing business and industrial property and erecting buildings suitable for industries that want to locate in or near New Bern. These business men are

Young

LODei Proves tnective

There was a huge water jug in the hospitals laboratory with a curiously marked label on it,

not planning to give away the land or buildings, but SvI MuiTha^

ratner to make sure what prospective industries want been about a 20-gallon thing, and need will be available in that community.

Nothing quite as spectacular as the $400,000 venture at New Bern has been done in Pitt County, but several communities of the county at present are in the process of following a similar plan to attract industry. They are seeing to it that the lack of adequate sites and buildings does not become a stumbling block to an industry settling in their community.

The greater effort put forth on the local level in Pitt County in behalf of economic development, the greater results we may expect. The time has long since

Contents of this jug looked, for the world, like clear water, so the lab technician was asked: Why you got that label on that big jug.

Patiently, he explains that he has considerable difficulty keeping his property available when he needs it. He says, Every time I turn around some-

Other

31ue

ditors baying... aws Again

body has made off with the -very thing I need for a test. And, sure enough, while we were talking, some employee or other had robbed the test tube stack and about five of his "favorites were missing.

By Golly, he says, theyll steal you glind 1 you dont watch 'em. Then, turning toward the huge jug, he points and says, Bet nobodys gonna mess with my distilled water with THAT label on it.

As far as we were concerned, he was right. The label read: Beware CANCER WATER.

Rocky Mount Telegram)

A Pennsylvania justice of the peace created quite a sensation the other Sunday when he roamed around passing out convic-

named the Blue Law State.

Popularly, the term is applied to laws of a sumptuary nature enacted in Puritan New England centering around rigid Sabbath

passed when a community could sit by and ride the tionsfor violations of the states observance. But sumptuary leg-

____* ancient Blue Laws. And the

coattails of its agressive neighbor. Pennsylvania House of Repre-

What is done in Pitt County by local citizens in sentatives is now considering a an effort to develop industry will account for a great Senate-passed bill drastically indeal more than all the work done in behalf of this thl^tates Blu^Laws. Countf or any other section of North Carolina by the De- in neighboring New Jersey will partment of Conservation and Development or other referendum on Novem-

state agencies.

Outsiders can send u.s prospects, but it is up to the local people to sell the prospects on the eommunity.

D

iKe ^refers 19th Century Methods

By JAMES MARLOW

WASHINGTON (AP) - President Elsenhowers ideas on diplomacy go back to the 19th century. That explains in part his lack of eagerness for a summit conference and the great, free-rein he gave his late secretary of state, John Poster Dulles.

Some of his views, not stated publicly, can be given here on excellent authority. Others he has expressed at his news conferences. His ideas are in the numbered paragraphs below.

1. He does not like the modern development of diplomacysummit conferencesand considers it a step backward for the heads" of state to spend their time on work that belongs to specialists, like foreign ministers.

Soviet Premier Nikita Khrushchev IS the advocate of summit conferences. Now British Prime Minister Harold Macmillan backs the idea. Khrushchev considers foreign ministers messenger boys and says only the heavyweights can get things done.

2. Eisenhower prefers seeing foreign ministers enjoy the exercise of the great authority given them in the 19th century. He says their governments normally try to establish limits within which they can negotiate.

Dulles, who ran American foreign affairs like a one-man show, was given a freer hand by Eisenhower than any American Secretary of State enjoyed in thlt cefttury. But he Insisted that Eisenhower approve every move before he made it.

3. Eisenhower considers the congress of Vienna in 1814-15, called to reorganize Europe, after the downfall of Napoleon, an example of foreign ministers exerdising the ultimate in authority, both in negotiating and in making agreements.

Some historians, judging from their appraisal of the Congress of Vienna, might think Eisenhower chose an unfortunate example of what foreign ministers can do when they have, the ultimate.

half-baked mystic. Alexander, who at first admired each other, talked of dividing the world up between them, and then would up fighting each other.

Khrushchev has been trying for more than a year and a half to get Eisenhower into a conference with him. At first the President was downright reluctant. Then he seemed to yield a bit.

Lately he has been saying hed go to the summit if the foreign ministers, discussing the Berlin problem at Geneva, showed some progress. He has never said precisely what he considers progress.

"Theres a" chance a summit meeting might make things worse instead of better. And there has been not angible result from the first summit meeting Eisenhower had in 1955 with Khrushchev and the then Soviet Premier. Nikolai Bulganin.

These may be factors in his hesitancy about trying it again. But the memory of the meeting between Napoleon and Alexander seems to be high in his wariness about a second summit get-together. He has referred to it repeatedly.

Napoleon had so scrambled Europe changing governments, unseating old kings, making new ones that after his defeat and exile the crowned heads of Europe called the Congress of Vienna to undo and redo what he had done.

The congress made Europe safe for kings for years. Frontiers were rearranged without any concern for the ordinary people involved. They didnt have any say anyway. Only the kings and their foreign ministers did.

Looking back on the work of the congress, where foreign ministers had ultimate authority, British historian George Macaulay Trevelyan said that, while the congress had given Europe peace for 40 years, it made war inevitable.

H.G. Wells went further. He

ber 3 on banning Sunday sales of certain commodities.

Six centuries oldand once thought archaic a form of legislation generally identified as Blue Laws is having a considerable rsbirth in some areas. Pennsylvania is moving to toughen its 1794 law against Sunday sales by raising the penalty from a $4 fine to $100 for the first offense and $200 for each subsequent offense. The purpose is to discourage merchants who consider the $4 fine merely an expense of doing business. Certain obvious exemptionsfor example, for news vendorsare provided.

New Jersey is reviving an effort to ban Sunday sales of clothing, home and office furnishings, appliances and building materials. An almost identical law was struck down by the state Superior Court last May 8 because it applied to only 18 of the states 21 counties.

Ocean, Cape May, and Monmouth counties had been exempted for fear that the law would have a disastrous effect on boardwalk business in resort areas. The new law provides for refe-rattda 5y couhtts.

Historians generally apply the term blue laws to certain measures of extreme rigor described by the Rev. Samuel A. Peters in his A General History of Connecticut, published in London in 1781. A typical blue law of the period provided a fine of 20 shillings for an unmarried couple discovered kissing. Another allowed a father to punish a rebellious child by forcing him to work with a locked chain on his leg. And at one time Connecticut was popularly nick-

lationregulating the expenditures, apparel, and even diet of certain groups and classesgoes back to the legal codes of early fourteenth century Western Europe. A little later in the same century strict Sabbath observance laws were enacted.

The founding father brought over to this country the principle of sumptuary legislation, and Blue Laws could be found in every one of the American colonies. The Georgia Act of 1762, Prof. Gustavus Myers points out in a special study, was as sweeping an interdiction as any law ever passed by Puritans: it prohibited games, sports, merchandising, travel, work and almost any other activity on Sunday xcept church going.

Blue Laws, always difficult to enforce, became in the main dead letters not long after the American revolution, but many of the old laws remain on the statute books. The spirit is revived from time to timewitness National Prohibition. The Lords Day Alliance continues to press for enforcement of Sabbath observance measures. Seventh Day Adventists and Jews, who in general do not recognize Sunday as their day of rest and worship, lead the opposition. But the recent agitation in Pennsylvania where arrests have been state-wide began two years ago when a department store owner objected to the Sunday business of a nearby discount house.

In a sense almost every state and municipality has some Sunday observance law. Witness those closing legitimate theatres, providing curfews for professional baseball games, or, as in Pennsylvania, forbidding the sale of liquor on Sunday except in clubs. Even sinful- New York City curtails the legal hours during which drinks can be sold on the Sabbath.

Three different Items from three different parts of the world, which appeared in last Sundays edition of one of our Stages leading newspapers, might tend to make a person wonder a bit.

First one was a story deploring the fact that Red Chinas birth control plan, inaugurated in 1957, was quickly being de-emphasiz-ed and even discarded In some areas of that country. The Communist government there had previously seemed very interested in Chinas over-population problem.

Since the Chinese comprise a large part of the earths population (about 650 million), looks like the Reds would put a little more stress on slowing down the birth rate. They might at least follow up the 1957 campaign in which they tabbed a family having from three to five kids as ideal. It makes a person wonder just how large Chinese families are. Anyway a cut-back in size to three or even five children would certainly be helpful.

The second story might have left its readers with their mouths gaped open in awe and wonderment and maybe with a certain amount of sour taste in their mouths.

It went to pains to explain the (Continued on Page 6)

Men A ?roblem

By HAL BOYLE

NEW YORK (AP)Young men today are impossible, said Elaine Malbin, the tiny spitfire of opera.

Miss Malbin has a problem.

She Is young and pretty and as vibrantly ave as a violin string. She has smoldering eyes the color of autumn leaves.

She has pne of the best Ijric soprano voices In the land. She makes up to $75,000 a year.

But she has a problem. It is the same problem faced by mM-lions of (^er career women her agefinding the right guy.

The public never thinks the feminine stars of the entertainment world have many dating woes. But they do. They have plenty.

The very gifts that' make them famous turn out in a way to be a reverse curse. They scare away many men.

Thats part of my trouble," said Elaine ruefully.

Of course, its partly my fault too. Im afraid I cant be

attracted to just an ordinary guy. I hesitate to date a man who isnt Interesting. And to me the interesting men are those I feel are above me mentally, or who have achieved more.

She finds the current crop of American young men pretty dull companyeven Impossible.

Young men are too glib. she said, They are glib about things they know nothing aboutsuch as work. I have worked too long and too hard myself to care for ghbness. I like older men because they appreciate you more, but the best ones are already taken.

Why not fall in love with some one in her own field? Miss Malbin shook her midnight mane vehemently.

I dont find American male opera stars very sexy, she said flatly.

I prefer businessmen and writers.

Brookl3m bom Miss Malbin started singing at 11. made her debut here at the age of 14. She wearies sometimes of the exacting discipline of opera, particularly since the said it is financially far less rewarding than television or the supper club circuit.

She still practices three houri every day.

But the hardest thing to me is that I have to live in accord with the demands of my vocal art, she said.

It means I cant talk as much as I want to; smoke at all; or stay up late at night.

Ive worked very hard and long. Ive worked and watched the world go by. Now I feel I want to see more of the world and watch the work go by.*

I never regret what Ive done, and I dont want to live to regret what I have not done. Im very stormy, and I guess I like stormy people who are tremendous workers.

She paused, brooding. Asked if there was anything else she wanted to say, the little girl with the big fine voice smiled and said:

Helpl

Strength For Today

By EARL L. DOUGLASS UNEXPECTED TREASURE A few evenings ago I went to hear a well-known soprano. She had gone to a music school some years before to be trained in instrumental music. There she discoveredand her teachers di-coveredthat she had a voice. She had never suspected it before. Today she Is on the way to becoming a famous singer.

How often this thing has happened. And in the case of all of us, it can with confidence be said that we have abilities tucked away in our body wno made a success in a field where he or she had no idea that aiiy success lay. An opportunity, a circumstance, sometimes even tragedy

occurred and the mmd of the person was turned in a new directionand toward a new and shining light.

We need all to remind ourselves that most of what we are is not only not known to the world but is not known even to ourselves. Accordingly, we should never lose hope. Because away down in our hearts and in the center of our minds are resources we have never tapped.

Abraham Lincoln said he simply intended to go along doing his best every day and the time would come when he might be used.

There are treasures In our nature the existence of which ws do not suspect. Believe in them.

Businessmen Dealing With Ghosts

By ELMER ROESSNER

Am I dealing with a ghost? businessmen sometimes ask today.

There are Indeed many ghost companies. They have impressive names; many of them are Incorporated. and while most have offices or desk space, the quiddity of most companies Is carried around in someones pocket.

Some examples will explain it: Jiggers, representing the Pan-Universe Printing Co.. will solicit a job from a businessman. Jiggers IS the Pan-Universe company. If he gets the bid.

conditioning Corp. Hell contract to install air-conditioning in an office or plant, then sell the contract to an operating company.-HOW BUSINESS LEARNS

Many businessea go on for years without ever knowing that their printer has no presses, their letter shop has no shop, or that their office equipment supplies has neither equipment nor warehouse.

Sometlmest hey find out only after the subcontractor calls up w'ith some question: Where do we deliver the catalogs? or Do-you really want French accents marks on your new typewriter?

,ifl amhori^. ^ a.prqDL. ol ihousaads

4. He nas'Cltea as an example a crazy tangle, an outrage on to e.stablished printers hungry vest-pocket corporations working

of what he doesnt like about summit conferences the 1807 meeting between Napoleon and Czar Alexander I of Russia on a raft in the River Niemen near Tilsit.

That was a meeting between a bamboozler, Napoleon, and a

the common sense of mankind. One thing is certain: no American Congress would ever let an American secretary of state have the kind of blank check the /ninisters at Vienna used. But they were not answerable to a Ciingress. They worked for kings.

for work.

Shotte represents (and is) the Outerspace Publishing Co. He solicits jobs publishing booklets, catalogs and so on. When he gets one, he hires an editor and makes a deal with a printer.

Mugg is the Ultrasonic Air-

today. Conatuiners, as well as businessmen, are their prospects. A bright salesman will offer a good price on repairing a walk, painting a house of landscaping a yard, and then sell -the contract at a quick profit to a local operator.

And even in the higher echelons of business, there are similar operators. One may offer to sell the X company to the Y company and, after getting a purchase agreement, hasten to make a sales agreement with the X company Commissionable, of course.

IS IT RIGHT?

Are such operations legal? Basically, yesas long as the operator does not misrepresent. He can call himself a printing company, agree to deliver printing, and then sell the contractas long as he doesn't claim to have pca^s or plants.

'slreAtiey etiical? if ley are^ Intended to deceive, ho matter how true ea^ separate word is. they are unlthlcal. Many do not misrepresent. They wont say anything about facilitl^ Mnless questioned, then they may answer. I dont own a single press or linotype machine. I have no capital investment, no union con

tracts, no overhead, I simply place the work where I can get the best price.

That seems honest.

Furthermore, these ghost companies have won a certain amount of acceptance. Some business would rather deal with them because they can often get lower prices. An art studio, for example, with artists drawing pay but not working, will take a job at almost any price from a ghast company .simply to stop Its losses. But it couldnt cut prices for a regular customer because that would set a precedent,

M- accepted ^ la- ^ ,

areas, too. Many authors uj salesmens book.s have written that when a salesman reaches cert!\w stages of excellence, he cannoi wfford to work for other people. His only way of getting his true value Is to work for him.sell. which may often mean becoming a ghost company.