PACE POURTHE VAiLt RfcrLECTOR. greenVILLiS, N, fi.

WedoeiMlay, June 24, 1959

Tuesday June 23, X959

The West Is So Unreasonable

Had Better Hurry Remedying Law

Secret

Refusal of the Federal Communications Com-mission to alter its equal time* declaration as it applies to television newscasts concerninsr political candidates points to the necessity of altering the law under which the FCC made its ruling.

Unless the ruling is changedeither by the FCC or by Congressit will virtually eliminate miy mention of political candidates of campaigns in regular news programs. It deprives television stations from making their own free choice of what news should be broadcast, and puta the FCC in a position of dietatiiig news policies to every television station in the nation Such a situation should no more be tolerated by the American people than the establishment of a federal agency which would tell newspapers what news they can and cannot print.

The Justice Department in a brief filed with the FCC requested that the agency repeal its previous ruling and take a more common sense approach to tlie matter of newscasts. The FCC retorted that it was merely following the law in its ruling that even on news programs every candidate for public office had to be given time equal to that given every other.

In view of the position taken by the FCC, Congress should quickly enact legislation which will exempt news programs from the equal time" provision that applies to political candidates. Certainly the matter must be cleared up before next year when political campaigns will be carried on for local, state and na-

Hodges Showec. Notable Contro.

By LYNN NISBKT

POST MORTEM For miny weeks there will be review of sccompUshments and post mortem Inquests over faliures of the recent General Assembly. It may be that aecurste information on Just what is contained in some bills enacted during the fUial week's rush will have to wait upon publication of the session laws. It is easy to overlook significanoe of amendments while they are in process, and often the title of the original bill does not fit the revised text. Just as truly some laws do not work out in application the way their sponsors antlcli)ated. These points require the perspective cf time to evaluate.

HODGES ~ There ere some Items that can be appraised now as well as later. One of these is the fact that Governor Hodges maintained conslsUmt control over the Legislature In nearly every vital iasue, with possible exception of constitutional revision, Including court reform. He failed to get the Incentive fund to encourage more local support of public schools, and the desired rtorganiieation of the UUlltles Commission and the ABC board.

He and his lleutenanti withstood direct and oblique attaoks upon reorganization enactments of past sessions (especially the highway commission) and gained some grouadLln further consolidating control of foverrmrent in the Department of Admlntstra-tion The budget bills which he retommended, Including the tax withholding plan, and as revised In acoordance with Increased revenue eaUmates, survived vigorous assaults.

STRONGER - His Influence was challenged on the Ilret day by a powerful minority In the Senate. Ho saw chairmanships of important committees In the House go to men who, while not unfriendly, had not been on his team before, while the ij)en who had etood by in 1865 and 1957 were relegated to secondary positions, Despite these apparent handicaps (whioh regular readers of this column will recall was declared at the tlnm to be a probable advantage) concensus of impartial observers Is that Oovernor Uodgei came out of the sejislon stronger and more popular than when H began. He attained that rating in face of losses in sonio areas, and further In face of the opinion shared by many of his friends and ttiunoh advocates of court reform that his leadership (V) In that fight was at best inept.

ACCOMPLISHMENT Mnit notable achievement of the L).H General Assembly was cnacV nient of a minimum wage law. Next was passage of the biggi st general fund appropriation bill ever, and balancing Uie budget without levying new taxes The words balunclng and "levying" must be qiiallfled, The Staic's

chief budget officer says there Is about a 13 million gap oc-tween appropriations and estimated revenue. And while tiiere was no new tax levy of consequence, the Imposition of Uie withholding plan and collection of two years' Individua] Income taxes In one year can hardly be classed other than "new taxes,"

The men respotusible for ad-rfilnUtering the budget and other affairs of State government for at leait tit months of the next biennium arc confident there will be no serious trouble on part of the State In meeting the stipulated obligations. Ijegtslators accepted in good faitlt and at face value these assurances.

Establlibment of an Independent full-scale Department of Water Resources Is regarded a long forward step. There were mimerous less spectacular improvements In the overall conservation and development program.

FAILURE OtitRlandlng failures of the 1959 Legbilalure were In the fields of court reform, highwav safety, public education and public welfare. Shortcomings In all th*s areas are admitted by nearly everybody but there Is wide divergence of opinion as to the degree of )allure to meet basic and reasonable obligations.

Appropriations were Increased tor adueatlon and welfare and taxpayer! will have to shell out more money next yeay than ever before for theae servtoes. There are more taxpayers to pay the b.ll and more puplli to be taught and more old people to be cared for. Only time will prove whether the larger appropriation can carry tho heavier load at the same level as In the past.

Court reform and highway safety are Intangibles. Everybody Is In favor of improvement in both, Many of those who could not accept apeolfio reoommend-fttlons openly resented bring charged as opposed to any Improvement, In retrospect It ap-IM'ars that if gponsors of bills i'H)klng to better eourts and re-duoUon of traffic aoclUonts hnd Imen leas Irmlstent, especially In early stages, of the exaet provisions they recommsnded and sliuwod some wlllluguesfi to accept suggestions, tt great deal inure might have been accom-pi Is her.

Failure In the highway safety field was partially compensated by a degree of control over motor boats and watsr traffic.

Whatever the experience record may be with applied legisla-lion, the lUM) General Assembly will be remembered for the Uomt-imnt infiuenoe of retiring Governor; the first minimum wage law In the South; the biggest approptiiUon bill In history without a direct new tax levy; and failure to reviso the constitution.

The Daily Reflector

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tional oiiicera in every part of the nation.

As an important information medium in a free nation where freedom of the presa is specifically truar-anteed, legitimate television newscasts should not be fettered by auch unreasonable rulings of the FCC as the one now in question.

The ruling of equal tirtie for candidates which applies to other phases of telecasts certainly cannot be reasonably applied to regular news programs. To impose such restrictions on news programs is to deny the freedom of the press which traditionally has applied the spoken as well as the printed work.

Hodges Trip Could Have Political Value

On his trip to Russia Gov, Hodges says he Is

taking along travel folders of North Carolina, that he will discu,s American tobacco with Kremlin officials and look into other matters which might help the promotion of the Tar Heel State.

Promotion-minded as he is about North Carolina, we have no doubt that Gov, Hodges will try to sell even the Russian commlsarg on the merits of Tar Heelia and what it has to offer.

But for all our confidence in Gov. Hodges ability to promote and sell the state to outsiders, we have the distinct impression that this jaunt to Moscow has more national political overtones than it does economic development potential for our state.

Prominently and often mentioned as a possible vice presidential candidate for the Democratic ticket next year. Gov. Hodges trip to Russia this summer certainly could do no harm to his qualifications for the number-two place on 'the party ticket in 1960,

f)ver the years, Gov. Hodges has been a fairly fre-i|uent vi.sitors to Europe. Last year to Communist Yugoslavia, and thi.s summer he spends three weeks in UuH.sia itself.

In recent yean it has apparently become a custom for hopefuls for national office to visit key na-

tion.s al)Out the globe to familiarize themselves first ^ xf a 'dtu' A DTTT'D/^l?

hand with international situations. Remember how By MAKliiA JrllbKOlb

Afllai Stevenson spent a considerable time between 1952 and 195G in world travel, conferring with officials of othef nation.s? And of course most people re call Vice President Nixons foreign trips in recent

years a.s well as his forthcoming trip to Moscow this happened to the good,

summer.

Along with the eight other governors on this current jaunt to Russia, Gov. Hodges immediate purpose will bo the promotion of understanding between the

U. S. and tho USSR.

;Baby Contest Of 1929

old fsafaloQed btby contests? Surely the mother of the pump, gurgling babies of today think that their little darlings are the catest.

Thirty years ago people were In tho futurfi, the trip might also be u.sod in help- interested in showing off their

babies. The June 18, 1929, edition of the Dally Reflector carried the headline, "Kings Daughters Plan to Launch Big Baby Contest."

An interesting note Is that^ many of the angelic faces that were pictured at Hill Hornes Drug Store for the contest can illil be seen about town. Some cf the little darlings arent so little any more. Soqie that had only baby fuzz now sport large crops of hair; while others, well anyway, they had hair then. Robert Hogan Gaskins. Jr.,

ing to promote Luther li. Hodges of North (Carolina as a candidate for vice preaident on the Democratic ticket.

More Criticize Senator

By JAMES MARI.OW

WASHINGTON (AP) - Time WHS when Ben. Lyndon Johnson tu ver got his hair mussed. Now criUclfiin ti piling up on the Texan wlio has been mentioned as a Demooratlo preildintlal poasi-blllly in I960.

H)it Johnson, t pretty cool, hiirdworkini eustomer, will pro-nahly play mum to moat of the attacks. He plays It that way. I'here are two main complaints HUnlnst him;

1. I'Yom Insldo that he runs tlie Senate with too mtich of a daddy knowi-best Istdershtp and doesnt conauU enough with his fellow Demcrata who overwhel-ndngly outnumlKT the Repub-iieaits.

2 From oiit.dde ~ that Johnson, despite his big nemocraUc ii.ajoritv. 1 letting Iresldent El-sentumer huffah him Into needle,ss, con.servftUvp compromises nod wnti'fliig down of legislation to avoid a threatened prealden-t at veto. Some of that opinion also WHS expressed on the Ben-lue floor Monday.

The pollUcnl reality, how'ever, 1 thw: the 51-year old Texan Is a natural born compromiser and through that has N^en able to rt't R lot of Work done. He himself Is a cotuservative as are most Democrats and Republleans. only a tiandful In both parties In Congre.xs can be caUed Ironf lU.e liberals.

Johnsons magtc spell over the Peltate where Uie niembere followed him a.s if enchanted was broken earlier this year. A eomparallve newcomer, Sen. William Proxmlre, Wisconsin Democrat, teed off on his brand of hudeislilp with the complaint that JohiUHon.s was loo much of a one man .show' and he didnt cotusull enough.

Sen. Pat McNamara, Michigan Democrat, followed up wUh crlttcism of the way Johnson acted, or tailed to act. on the joble.s pay blit, U didnt go far eiiougb for McNamara, Then Sen. Wuyne Mor.se, Oregon Democrat, cut loose.

He didnt name Johnson direct-Iv tint lie scorched Uie Democrat le leadoishtp on Capitol Hill" and asked whether both poIiU-I at partlee wm in the grtop ot "old, Urtd, ilck and rwc-tionary men "

H Johnson felt wounded, lie niused the bleedlnf apots quieU ly for a few weeks.

Then, one day when Proxmlre was twikmg again. Johnson took a crack at him without uamlnf him: "U does not tike much courage. I may eey, to mtke toe leadership a punching bag." Pul then Johnson got It from the outside

A week ago the Democratic National Committee Advisory (ounetl made up of many lop Democrats but not John-.son or his Texas counterpart in the House, Speaker Sam Hay-burn Issued a statement of many pages, although not naming .fotuuxon directly.

The council looked back to ;hu 1U5U dcctlQiLs when the De-mocruUs wound up outuumbertng

onnson

the Republicans In the House 283 to 1,53 and In the Senate 64 to 34,

The council said thUs huge victory was a mandate from the people for a "progressive legislative program* and that they are entitled to more "tangible results than they have received so far.

The council ripped into Republican "obtrucUoalsm aud the bad effect of threatened presidential vetoes but It made clear It was criticizing the Democratic leadcnshlp in Congress, too.

Over the weekend Robert R, Nathan, chalrimin of Americans for Democratic Action, joined the chorus with thUs: "The Demnoratic leadership has trans-foi nierl victory Into defeat by surrendering to the Republicans and the Democratic right wing. The executive (Elsenhower) and the Democratic leaderihlp have tamed up against the majorities In Congress and against the American people."

Also over the weekend came this from the National Conamlt-fte for an Effective Congreas: "Congress has not kept pace with the historical requirements of the country. The majority lead-eiship, captained by that master of the immediate. Lyndon B. Johnson, Is neither In a position to change its political style nor 1 it inspired by substantial pressure to do *0."

Thsae two groups number among their njsmbers former otficlali and major supporters of the Roosevelt and Truman ad-mlmstrationi.

But a orowning Irony hit Johnson on the head Monday Just a few hours before the Senate pa..Hed a muoh watered down iiouslng bill It called for le.v money than Elitenhower requested but the money would be spent In a shorter time.

U wiui a deliberate compromise. cut down to avoid a presidential veto. But before tlie Senate voted the administration made known It didnt like thta MU at all, Now thcre'a a chanca Elsenhower may veto It. compromise and all.

Opinions In Brief

'Difference belweeai a good driver and a highway misfit is the difference between a driver who appreciates his privliefe and one who demands a nonexistent right."Orlando (Fla.) Bentlnel.

was leading the babies of Oreen-vule with 978 votes on the last day of the contest. Herbert White Lee was running second with 564 votes.

Some of the other beautiful babies In the contest were Sam-mie White, Ed Williams Jr., Knott Proctor, Jr., Virginia Gaylord, Herbert Waldrop, Jr., Jmes Lanier, C. B. West, III, IMoulton D Massey, Dicky Wor-sley, Settle Tyson, Fay Duval, BiUie Horne, WlUlam Henry White, Jr.. Evelyn Glenn, Ann Dardee. Joy Flanagan, Rosamond Nicholson, Peggy Rose Smith, Jean Hilton, Nancy Arthur Poindexter, Christine Beatty, Lillian Renfrew, Elolse Tucker, Arline Caswell, Francis Jordan, Jimmie Turner, and Billie Turner.

Only three of the top ten

were girls. It should be mentioned that neither of the top two, Herbert Lee or Robert Gaskins. Jr.. went on to win any more beauty contest. Possibly they lost interest, or perhaps they came to think that brains were better than beauty.

Who knows? Maybe among the bronze shoes and baby clothes you, too, have a prize for being the biggest baby, the fattest baby or the loudest baby. Or maybe like most of us, you were among the nondescript babies, who can say, Well, my mother loved me."

Other Editors Saying,..

' i^eanut For Your Thoughts

(Greensboro Dally News)

How much does pure research to.st?

This is a pertinent question for Tar Heels. When the Research Triangle Institute gets under way, President George Herbert recently told North Carolina editorial writers, pure as Will as applied research is planned.

Last month some 250 of the nation's top-djawer scientists and administrators, meeting at the Rockefeller Institute In New York, .took up the subject of the chit of ideas.

In their Symposium on Basic Kasaarch the sclentLsts agreed that the U.S. Is not spending enough money on cieatlve thlnk-U8 or pure research.

Historically, Dr. Alan Waterman of the National Science Foundation pointed out, Americana are a nation of thinkers and technologists, good at applying the theoretical Insights of otheri "Yankee Ingenuity." in a word but short on original solenUflc thought.

Prime example Is the atomic bomb, built in this country but based almost wholly on European research.

Even today the American interest is lopsided some $670.-000,000 Is spent annually on basic reaeaiTh compared with $40,-(K)0000.000 sjient on military "hardware" alone.

Two solutions were put for

ward 'at the New York acientiflc symposium; (1) Doubling basic research expenditures within the next five years, and (2) revising the income tax laws to encourage private support of science.

Some of the "hep teens around Washington who delight in making some of the over-40 crowd look "slow" had a damper put on their latest joke.

A car-load of young i^ls drova up beside a man who was stopped at a stop light on a main street in Washington and aaid, "Hey mister, can you tell us how to get to Washington? "Which Washington do you mean " he asked.

Their answer of Washington, N.C., made the older man suspect that he was about to be the butt of a joke so he looked straight ahead and replied, "Never heard of it,"

the

cial. It Is a question, said Dr. William 0 Baker, vice president In charge of research of BeU Telephone Laboratories, of time gnd solitude. He explained:

The conservation of resources and of materials achieved by operating on ideas Instead of on impulsive and empirical trials of hardware and (in the case of public health) on human apecl-mcns Is huge.

The raw material consumed In having an idea Is negligible. The ill' remental fuel coat of intense mental effort has been estimated as one peanut of energy per hour.

The Bell scientist is pulling our leg, of course. He is asking for Urne away from the bureaucratic paper shuffling as endemic in lar ge corporations as In govem-r.ent offices. But his point Is Intriguing.

Think, for instance, how many peanuts we produce here in North (Carolina. Why, if we could ret a good Idea for every peanut we feed future Research Triangle solentiats, North Carolina would rapidly speed ahead not only of the Southeastern states but the rest of the world.

But one pertlclpant held that '"I

e problem was not solely finan- IwHX W X I LI A

-Ol To(dav

By EARL L. DOUGLASS PLEASE CLOSE THAT DOOR

A door that Is always left standing open warps at last. Carpenters say that this is practically inevitable.

Now this writing today Is going to be a nasty little diatribe against a certain variety of open-mlndenedness which has always appeared to me to be even worse than the cloaed mind. I refer to people who talk this way; "One religion Is as good as another . . . I'm an Internationalist; dont think any more of my own country than of any other ... I believe in trying everything once; the bad thlnga of life as well as the good . . . Ita nonsense for a man to talk about loving one woman forever;, broadmindedness calls for spreading out and experimentation . . .

I dont belong to any poUUcal party; 1 always vote for the best man . . . The Bible is a fine book, but there are a lot of other books In the world just as good

Of Tip

olicy

By HAL BOYLE

NEW YORK (AP) - Many people who go abroad aay Uielr trh) is mined because they dont ' know how to tip pr(m*ly.

"I dont want to slight anybody, they often say, "But I do want to come home aolvent."

Of course, with an attitude like that Uiey are bound to get off on ttie wrong foot. Anybody whose primary interest is personal solvency has no business going abroad. He should stay heme and hire a small trustworthy Boy Scout to count his money for him.

But Upping shouldnt be an ordeal. Once you get the hang of it. it even can become exciting.

The first problem, naturally, is whom to tip. In general the rule is the same in Europe as in the United States you Up everybody who speaks to you and isnt a close relaUve.

There are certain exceptions, however and nothing is more embarrassing than to Up the wrong persons.

Fortunately for the beginning travelers peace of mind the excepUons are easy to learn.

In Britain yiHi tip everything except museum statues and members of the Buckingham Palace Guard.

In France you tip museum statues but you don't Up Brigitte Bardot, members of the French Academy or gendarmes in the process of making an arrest as they already have their handa full.

In Switzerland you tU everything that comes near you but doesnt have a bell around its neck or say "moo."

In Germany you Up everything Uiat says "ja." which la pro-jounced "Yah." If aomeone says "yh," dont bother to tip him. He Is probably an American aol-dier in civilian dress.

In Italy there are no exeep-Uons. You Up everything that movea.

The safe rule in an countries ft to tip every hand you see that if stretched toward you palm upward. Recently in Paria a tourist held his palm out to age if it was raining, and before be could get it back in his pocket other U.S. tourists, mistaking him for a lutUve, had dropped $8.12 In it. His take even Included a Canadian dime.

The next quesUon is, "How much should you Up?" The answer here depends on another question: "How much have you got."

It Is wrong and unfair to think every European is out to rob you, or that he regards every American as a millionaire.

He is more likely to regard ycu as a human slot machine. He is reasonable. He doesnt expect to hit the Jackpot every Urne he plays a slot machine.

Half of what he thinks you have will generally satisfy him.

The thing to do Is to buy a dozen cheap, shabby wallets and divide among them equally all the tipping money you can aflord that day.

When it becomes necessary to tip anyone, you simply fish out one of the wallets and hand tt over to the person you are tipping. He will go through it carefully, take out exactly half then smile and hand the wallet back to you.

If you put a photo of your dear old gray-haired mother In the wallet, he may even only take a fourth.

The Up he gets may be either more or less than he expected, but In any case he will be satisfied. He wlU think youre a game sport about the whole matter.

Thats the whole secret of successful Upping you make a game of it for everyone concerned.

+ + -t

... I subscribe to no creed; just try to do my best from day to day."

Oh, brother, light somewhere. Get your feet down on something. Flitting about is for the birds. Your open mindedness means that your mind is open at both ends. Your mind is warped like the door that stands open year after year. Close it once in a while on aome-thing and meditate. Treat your^ self to a bit of intellectual privacy.

ap Investors Push Stocks Up

'Funny. Isnt it, hnw mothers

drool ovor hubby babies, and 20 yours Inter worrv because they are ihubby?"' Springflskl (Ky.) sun.

"On Sundays, men recover .iotne of the dignity tlu'y last to the winds 111 the winklouu ctun-petltlvc struggU."Shdby (N. O.) Btiir.

By ELMER ROESSNER (Elmer Rocssner covered the inaugural flight of Japan Air Luies fjrom Los Angeles to Tokyo. while In Japan be obtained a first-hand view of the Japanese economy This Ls the scc-rnd of a scries of columns on business today In Japan.)

Japan is In the midst of a frenaied atock market boom. Thet public is buying frantically. Prices keer ahootlng up. Japanese businessmen are tinorang the sonfx nl eelsha girls to dlscu&s the market "Ive never seen anything like it." aald Shlnya Hotte, chief of the foreign new secUon of the Sankei Shim bum. which could be transiattil a.s "the Industry and Economic Newspaper. Over our dtshcs of U'mpora (crisp Slirimp with a pungent sauce for dipping) to the Tokyo Press Club he gave nie the facts about the boom One of the major supporls i.s the Japanese version of mutual funds. This is bow thej* work:

i

Financial hoiuses announce the formation of a fund, and shares are offered for sale. Investors can plunge as little at the equivalent of $14. yiVE-YF.AR PULL On a specified day, operators of the hind use all the cash to buy certain stocka on the market. Stocks are held for five years and sold on the anniversary of the ptuxhaae.

Share holdera get accumulated dividends plus their iJtare of the i Sle prices Because moet stocks have been rising since the war, the return \& (rfttn large.

Good Japanese Blocks pay handsomely They have to.

Bank interest on one-year deposits Is 6 per cni, Indu.strlal bank deposits pay 7 per cent. Prime biuslness borrowers must pay from 8 to 10 per cent. To interest venture capital, corporations most pay more than that. Dividends of 15 per cent are not uncommon

EVERYBODY PLAYS MARKET

"Housewives are saving mn-cy out of Uietr food allow

I

college students are skipping lunches to accumulate enough for shares in theae funds." Mr. Hotta said. "Most shares are sold to UtUe people, but totala are lari^."

There are hasarda of course. While stocks have been rising, there is also the chance they may fall. One broker, who seems to have bucketed his orders, went Iiroke with oae of $1,000,000 to Inv'estors.

"But people teem to feel that so many people are in the market, the government cannot let the entire nation lose money," Mr. Hotta said. "They feel that if anything happena, the government wUl'bail them out. However, I aee no sound basis for Uiat belief."

Meanwhile, there it a rialng mount of speculation in individual stocka As in the United btates, steel and electric company shares are moet popular. FAVORITE STOCKS

Briskest trading is In Tobia-hp *^lee;r:c ? actunng. Hit-Silu El . . ...anlifaciurlng.

Toyota Car, Yawata Steel. Fuji Iron it Steel, Kanaisi Electric Power, Gmbu Electric Power, Mitsui SlUpbuUdlng and Mitsubishi Shipbuilding. An average u* 80,000,(X)0 aharea a day change hands; on June 1, tales of 141-300,960 shares were reported.

Many obeervers fear that funds and apeculation have puahed the market too high. The Finance Mlidstry has already warned against excessive speculation. The Tokyo htainichl, in a page one editorial, says. "The Dow-Jonea average on^'lhe Tokyo stock market has finally gone over the aoo-yen mark, apurred by the Mlec-Uon of Tokyo as the site for the 1964 Olympics . , We cannot but expreaa the fear that mar-ketmen are too haaty in trying to caah in 00 an affair acheduled some five ytisrs ahead . . . Now is the time when eooad judgment should prevail is the market .. A Japanese saytag has it that when the mountain is high, the valley ts deep. The reaction may be prectpittous whea people are kast jaigBMdL**