PACt FOUKTHE DAILY REFLECTOR, GREENVILLE, N. C

Tuesday, June 23, 1959

Tuesday, June 23, 1959

Me Afraid O DIjiw?

Promises, Always More Promises

oy In

The balanced budget pudding promised by GOP presidential nominee Eisenhower in 1952 sounded mighty tasty to American voters who went to the polls that November.

But proof of the pudding is in the eating, and so far the American voters in their dual role as taxpayers have had nary a bite of that luscious treat talked of seven years ago.

As a matter of fact six times in the seven years he has been in the White House, President Eisenhower has asked Congress for an increase in the national debt ceiling so Uncle Sam could stay in business and pay some of the bills he was running up.

This year its the same old story. The House already has approved the request to hike the ceiling to its highest peacetime level and the Senate, after an appropriate amount of grumbling, is expected to follow suit. The Democrats blame this year the administration's tight money policies for bringing on the 1958 recession and the necessity of again hiking the debt ceiling. The administration on the other hand blames the Democrats for loose spending and budget-bursting.

This time the ceiling is to be set at $295 billion, just $5 billion short of the peak temporary limit of

^fletain Power

1300 billion during World War II. The only difference is that now the federal government actually owes more money than it did in World^War II. Furthermore, it is generally conceded that the administration will ask next year that the ceiling be raised again to keep the national debt under the legal roof.

Certainly such a condition is a poor commentary on those officials who are charged by voters with the responsibility for managing the federal governments fiscal affairs.

It is frustrating indeed to note that during the greatest period of prosperity the nation has ever knownthe years since World War IIthe nation has gone deeper in debt than it was after fighting a global war for four years with every ounce of its energy.

Whats the sense of having a limit on the national debt if the limit is to be increased every year or so?

The solving of the nation's fiscal problems does net lie in constantly increasing the national debt ceiling, but rather in more fundamental methods which will prevent the debt from going higher. To put it more concisely, Uncle Sam must begin living within his means from year toi year and start paying back some of what he already owes.

This will not happen of its own accord. It will happen only If Congress and the administration see that it happens. Otherwise we'll just continue to talk about the pudding that is to be and no one will ever get a bite of i^

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By LVNN NISBET

TRINITY The concept of democratic republican government (no reference Intended to political parties bearing tbeae uamea) In the United Slates and In North Carolina U tribune one government composed of tnrce co-ordinate branches legislative, executive and Judicial. This concept recognhses that all real authority is Inherently vested In the people. Since It Is Impossible to obtain a majority vote on every Issue that might arise, the people delegate the authority to make laws, to enforce and inU;rpret to elected agents,

In North Carolina the people have reserved to themselves the right to elect all the men and women who constitute the Iftglslatlve branch by direct vole, and retain direct vote control over the main officers In the executive and Judicial branches, The people further delegate to their legislative representatives authority to prescribe rules and regulations whereby subordinate officials in the executive and Judicial branches may be selected without going through the cumbersome process of a general election.

The people also have reserved to themselves the right to adopt a Constitution which restricts Ausolute power of the officials which have been directly or indirectly elected. In that respect the Constitution Is the essence of the entity which Is The Btate of North Carolina," and outranks In authority any law enacted by the Legislature; any edict prt)-mulgated by the Governor, or any decree handed down by the courts.

When the constitutions were written and each time the present document was amended (more than 130 times) emphasis has been placed upon maintaining the tilnlty of three separate but co-ordinate branches.

HOUSE Someone lias explained the difference between the Constitution and statutory law as comparable to the difference betwe(*n the home In which a family lives and the Clothes they wear. The building or purchase of a home calls for long range planning, consul* taUon with architects and con-tiactors, careful study of immediate and prospective needs. The purchase of a necktie, or shirt, or a suit of clothes ti often spontaneous. The clothing can le discarded at will, Just as statules can be changed every two years. The family is stuck with the house as built, unless altered by somewhat the same process of study as went Into lU) butldlng.

Further analogy Is found In the fact that every room In the house must be designed snd considered In relation to utility of every other room. That is particularly true of modern homes. Many old time homes had the kitchen In a separate building, Nobody now would think of building t house without affording easy access from living room

to bedroom, from dining room lo ditchen, and from each room to every other.

So It IS, that in constitutional government there must be Intimate relationship, connecting doors, if you please, between the three major branches and among the different operational phases within each branch. By common consent the Judicial branch at North Carolina's government IS more sorely In need of revision than either of the others.

To attempt a completely new Judicial system without regard to the I'^gtslattve and executive hratichcs, Is comparable to building a new bedroom on the house WJthout regard to accessibility of the bathroom, or to build a new dining room without considering location of the kitchen-

Many pf*opIe believe that a major cause of the df bacle In the constitutional revision plans last week was Insistence by sponsors of court revision that the one room In the house should be par-amounted above and beyond all ,he others.

CONSIDERATION ~ Carrying the analogy of the house (con-stltutlon) and the shirt (stato-tnry law) one step further there is widespread opinion that consideration of a new draft of the State Constitution to be submitted to vote of the people should never t>c undertaken In a regular session of the General Assembly, because there It becomes Involved with temporary need of some member of the family for a new pair of shoes. No family conference can give adequate attenllou to a new home, when It Is under pressure for immediate relief for flO.ikM) State employees and more than a niU-Uon school kids.

There Is growing belief that revisions of the Constitution should tie considered only in a (onventlon of the people called for that specific purpose, or In a special session of the General Assembly dedicated to that suls-Ject.

A special session of the li):9 Legislature has been ruled out fur all practical purposes h(causi of the time element Involving the lUtO election campaign. Adequate consideration of constitutional changes Is improbable In the 1961 regular session for the NHine reasons that Impeded consideration Uils year.

The alternatives seem lo lie a convention authorized by the 1961 General Assembly or a special session of that Legislature. In rither event there will i>e available all the data assembled by the State Constitutional Commission and embraced In reports made to the recent session, as well as the material collected and recommemlatlons by (he N. C Bar Association Committee on reorganisation of the courts. Opinion shared by most of tlie legislators who opposed and sought to amend some of these recommendations is that it would be tragic to waste the very flue work done by these grouiw during the past three year.s.

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The Desire Is Faded

Why is it that people who have anxiously waited for years for development of a preventive medicine lo wipe out a particular disea.se neglect to take advantage of the preventive measure once it is perfected?

That seems to be the case with the polio vaccine.

For years this nation literally waited breathlessly for a polio vaccine which could wipe out the dreaded crippling, killing disease. News of its development was hailed as the greatest of at least a decade . . . perhaps a quarter century.

Yet today, only a few years after the vaccine was released for general use, medical leaders still find it neccMsary lo urge people to take advantage of the vaccine.

Jist week Dr. Fred T. Foard of the State Board of health sharply criticized public indifference to the vaccine which has virtually wiped out polio. Dr. Foard pointed out that 11 cases of polio had been reported this year in North Carolina compared with only six during the same period of 1058. He further pointed out that nine of the cases this year have involved paralysis compared with only two out of six la.st year.

Last week also it was announced that the Pitt County Medical Society has gone on record as favoring a fourth polio boo.ster shot for people who complete the initial scries of three shota two years or more ago.

It is difficult to understand public indifference toward the vaccine wdiich ha.s proved its effectiveness in preventing a disease which constantly threatens our population.

We hope that these repeated warnings and urg-ings from our medical leaders will be heeded . . . before it is too late.

Steel Talks A Critical Stage

By JIMMY ELLIS

Picking Up Bits^ Pieces

Alvin Taylor, red-haired kingpin of the newa ataff of The Dally Reflector, la on vacation thla week.

Such a thing la a fiite and natural one. Everyone should take u vacation. However, the thought has come to mind that Alvin might not enjoy this year's trip to the seashore as much aa he did last years.

Last year, those readers with long memories will recall. Brother Taylor went to Atlantic CJlty, N.J., aa The Reflectors repre

sentative at the Mlaa America Pageant.

The trip to Atlantic Cty, Alvin says, was no vacation. While most agree, technically, that It was not, can anyone think of a finer way to spent a week than covering a Miss America Pageant at a famed seaside resort?

And speaking of the seashore;

A note has come through the mail from the Cedar Island Banker Pony Association, advising that the Islands annual pony pen-

Other Editors Saying... A Race For What?

By JAME.S MARI.OW

WASHINGTON (AP) The nminble murnble gama la coming to a climax.

Since May 5 the nation, which would bf heavily affected by a leel strike, has watched the steel union and the steel Industry going through the niotions of bargaining on a new contract.

AH the two sides have really done la mumble about what they want and don't want without ever getting very specific.

Hilt the three-year contract be-twc'en th union and the Industry ends June 36. Unless there Is agrrcinfnt on a new contract by that time, the country faces a shutdown In steel production.

In these weeks of talks both Ides have punnwd out propaganda What they seem to have been doing Is jockeying for a favorable poslflon In public opinion In case a strike and shutdown come. It can hardly be called collective bargaining.

The United Steelworkers Union demanded a substantial wage boofil, plus pension Improvements. more work opportunltlp.s for hile members, and a better unemployment cotnpensatlon system.

The pre.Hent average wage of a .steelworkers Is $:i.()3 an hour.

The 13 steel companle.a with whlcli the union Is talking argued that a wage inere8.se Is tnflation-ary - that it Inevitably would force them to rat.se steel prices. Therefore the tmln.stry piopo.sed a w age freeze for another year

A price Increase In steel, which l.s lused In so many other fields of Anu'ilcun living, UadUlonally has been regiirtled ss the starting point for price Increases In other biustne.Kses and Industries.

The Steelwoikers Union contends company proflU arc so high A wage Increase cotild be a^ soibed without passing It on In the form of higher steel price*.

On June 10 the Industry proposed dropptng )t.i wage-freete position provided the union made concession on about eight different parts of Us contract. Union UresUlent David J McDonald rejected this, calling it Industrial blackmail."

From tbe very beginning Prca-Ident Elsenhower ha.s urged both gldes to tuse self discipline been iw of the rffect he think* their deci.sion.s will have on the rsl of Uie I'conomv.

He pleaded against .setting off a w age price spiral that would iHswst living costs generally Last Friday the govennuenUs figures showed living co.!* hit a new record high.

The National Assn. of Manu

facturera got In on the act by lining up with the ateel industry. It urged a wage freeze to prevent Inflation.

The AFL-CIO Jumped In, too. Its executive council backed up the Steelworker* by arguing a wage freeze In steel and other Industries would cause further unemployment and economic recession.

Meanwhile, both sides have tried to prepare the ground for blaming each other if a sU'el strike comes: the industry putting the responsibility on the union. the union on the Industry.

It may seem to Uie general public that both sides would look a lot more adult if they cut out the mumbling which Is really atailtng and got down to cases.

Suppo.se there is a .s1ke, what could the government do? The Irestdent to prevent a shut down could invoke the national emergency provisions of the Taft-Hartley Labor Act through a court-ordered 80-day delay in a strike.

The union might seek to deprive the President of this wea-l>on by sUlklng only one company instead of the whole Industry. It co\ild argue that Io.h.s of steel from one company was not a national emergency.

In the past U has been union p<dlcy to Invoke complete industry shutdown*.

Opinions In Brief

'Somebody up In Illinois has calculated that In the well-flshtd areas of Utat stale it takes an average of 13 3 hours to eaU'h a pound of fish. Theaa tatlstiea turn up from time to time, obviously the work of cor. rupt atatlstlclan* In the employ of w1v#s who cant under.stand how Uitir huibanda can spend all that time and money with to Uttla to show for U." Montgomery Adverti.'^er.

(Washington Dally News)

I* America today placing em-phasi* in the wrong places In the cold war? Such ha* been *ug-f fsted in a recent editorial handed us. The editorial in question was taken from the "PCX Patron", a farm publication.

It has been suggested that about all America cares for right now is reaching the moon ahead of Rtussla. We *eem to be concentrating our effort* In this QirecUon, and the race ha* become a terrific one.

There is nothing wrong with our efforts to reach the moon provided of course that we do not forget other worthwhtle goal*. There are many other great scientific mysteries which need to be solved. There are great strides to be made In the field of medirme, in the field of agriculture, and In many other fields.

If we reach the moon ahead of Rus.ia, while at the same time allowing Russia to go ahead of us in medicine and agriculture, wc have lost far more than we have gained.

The world hasnt yet found a cure for cancer. Great work is in progress, and Americans keep asking when success will come, but as of now, there is no sure fire answer to the pleas for success

Russia Is concentrating on producing more meat, more milk, more butter, more wheat, corn, and other crops. In America today we have surpluses of many of the agricultural products. We just wonder what would happen If Russia ever gets a surplus of meat or wheat. Will the help

feed hungry parts of the world with her surpluses, or will she store them?

In years gone by it has been said many times, and with some credibility, that when people of (.iccupied countries faced Americans, we tried to feed their minds on democracy while Uie Russians fed their stomachs with food. A hungry man doesnt care whether a sandwich is of democratic origin or communist origin. He wants his longing for food satisfied ahead of any desire for freedom, liberty, and government. If the observation IS correct, then Russia could get a foot into the front door while we couldn't even get conversation.

As we look today at our farm surpluses, we see a challenge to all Americana to stop worrying so much about cutting farm production and think In terms of using some of those surpluses to ft'od hungry peoples over the world. We suspect that we can make more friends with food than we can with ideas.

Through the proper use of food, we might win freedom and Uoerty and democracy for millions of peoples in this world who would not heed the appeal of words. When we realize that last night millions of people went to bed hungry, while in America we have too much, we then ought to ask ourselves a question. Just how wise and practical are we in our efforts to make friends over this globe?

Yes, we must keep up with Russia In the fight for outer space supremacy. At the same time we must keep ahead In many fields, Includli^ that of Ideas.

It Is amazing to note flie amount of material which can buUd up over a three-year period.

My Pair Gwen and I are in the process of clearing out closets, cubby holes, drawers and shelves. We have already disposed of enough stuff, it seems, to fill a small truck and we arent anywhere near the end of the process.

No doubt, when we are through we will both discover the loss of several items which we once held dear and for which a sudden need will come up. We are both resolved, however, to make no middle-of-the-nlght dashes to the city trash dump to recover any such items.

Anyone who has doubts about June's popularity ajs a month for marriages can rest easy. The Pitt County Register of Deeds Office is doing a land-sUde business in selling marriage licenses.

Thus far, the offtee has issued 47 Ucenses to couples who want to tie ttie matrimonial knot this month. And theres atlli a week and a half to go before the month is over.

Quote. .

"Those who are great for running to the nairest fire, stopping to gawk at the ugliest accident, take note. Looking on at tragedy scenes, In addition to often hampering rescue workers and other officials concerned, can be fatal. Ten persons died in Eastern Pennsylvania as they stopped to watch firemen fighting a blazing gas truck that had gone off the road." The Oak Ridge Oak Rldger.

nlng will be held July 4.

The ponies to be penned roam free range on Cedar Island until the penning, wl^h. is a time for branding and sale of certain ponies from the herd. An estimated 75 ponies will be penned this year, with 23 to ^ of them going on the sales block.

No admission will be charged for persons who want to watch the penning operation, which will be held between 10 a.m. and 1 p.m. In past years, the penning has drawn large numbers of persons to Cedar Island, located 40 miles east of Morehead City on U S. 70.

inai

Reunion

By HAL BOYLE

NEW YORK (AP) K was ipwiuy Dickinson who wrote that parting is we know of heaven, aivd afl we need of hell.

Certainly parting from a child for the first time is all the bell parents could ever want. But the reunion sometimes almost makes it worthwhile. You learn a lot from t experieiMie.

Recently Frances and I had the opportunity to make a four-week vacation trip to Europe. But no children were to be included.

This posed a real problem. Since 'adopting our daughter, Tracy Ann, shortly after her birth nearly six years before, Frances -and I had never been away from her more than a weekend.

How could we leave her for a whole month? We considered abandoning the trip, even though we felt we might not have such an (^portunity again In our lifetime.

"Youre crazy, friends counseled. "The separaUon will be good for both you and Tracy. Try it and see."

We finally deckled to put the whole decision up to Tracy herself.

We explained to her It was a kind of business trip on which ttere would be no other children. We told her she could stay at the suburban home of our close friends, (George and Helen Palmer, and sleep with the three Palmer daughters Nina, Zona and LeUa Jim who are her godsisters.

"You can go, said Tracy gravely, if you dont stay away too long and you promise to be good."

We promised and she promised and we sailed away.

The second morning out I awoke in our cabin to find my wife weeping.

"Now what have I done wrong?*

I asked, figuring I must have v talked in my sleep and said something incriminating.

"Who cares what you do?" said Frances. "I miss my baby."

"Having got that maternal line out of her system, she dried her eyes and ate a breakfast that would have felled Diamond Jim Brady. Have you ever noticed how, after a good cry, a woman is always hungry?

After that we tactiy quit mentioning Tracy, and missed her silently and separately together.

Once in Paris, Prances saw a group of children run out of a school, hopping like little loud birds, and tears suddenly sprang into her eyes. But she didnt say anything.

A visit to the top of the Eiffel Tower brought me my worst moment. The view of Paris from there is one of the worlds tremendous sights. I thought how much it would please my small daughter, and felt all at once drained and empty.

Would Tracy have missed us much really? How would she greet us?

"She'U just say hello, and run off and play," I ventured.

"No, she wont," said Frances positively.

We got off the ship, and took a train to the suburbs. A frecklefaced tornado rushed up and grabbed Prances fiercely around tne legs.

"Mommy! Mommy! Mommy!" cried Tracy, and broke into uncontrollable sobs. I lifted her up, and she clung to me and wept for five fuU minutes. Then the storm was over, and a rain-smile came out and dried the tears-

Later in the day Tracy took Frances aside and whispered to her, "Every day when I was aione I said to myseU that when you came back Id never be mean to you again."

In the week since then Tracy has kept the pledge she made to herself. She has been almost too angelic. She has only pulled the cats tall twice, and the cat cant figure that out either.

anans Boom Like That In U.S.

"The laws net'essarlly govern the tnm>cent a well an the KUJUy. Hut U.-^uall.v the Innm'rnl have nothing to fear from the law,**. Blintlarly, the untou leader wlio has no Udentttin of becoming a racket rer hiinrlf houid have nothing to tear iron laws aimed at tlip rackei-eei liig of othep.s " The Dally Oklahoman.

By ELMER R0E88NER

Roessner was a gueat of Japan Air Lines on its inaugural flight from Los Angeles to Tokyo During his visit there he In-urviewed Japanese officials and Industrialists. This is the first of his series of reports on business today in Japan).

Japan today is enjoying a Loom, not unlike the boom In tne United State*.

Production is rising. The gross national product is increasing, r.mployment is going up. Exports, the ilft-biood of the economy, are swelltns. The stock market is aoarlng. Night clubs, restaurants and geisha houses are Jammed.

There are two reasons;

1 ^Japan. largely dependent on foretgn trade, is extremely sensitive to world conditions and world condlUon* are improving,

2 Japan, with the valor of cejiperatlcio, is producing more and belter goods than ever before

We are pulting rater quant-lUe.H of finer k<kh1s into the world market than ever before," Hisastil Murata, director of the

Japan Export Trade Promotion AgencY (JETRO), told me. GENTLE PENETRATION

"We are moving cautiously." he said. We are avoiding flooding the American or other mar-Kets. Last year we exported $2.9 billion worth of goods. This year we hope to export 13.19 billion a modest increase that will not disturb foreign markets."

He gave me the breakdown. In millions of dollars: chemicals. 171; iron and steel products, 317; light machinery, 159; texUles. 931; heavy machinery, 696; porcelain, pottery and building materials. 134; agriculture and mar-Him# products. 384; paper and pulp, 30; minerals, 37; light industrial products (gadgets, souvenirs, toy*, etc.). 327.

No category is much larger than last year." Mr. Murata said. We understand the dangers of sudden Increases In any category Sudden rises might bting demands tor limitations from bu*ine5.ses tn countries suf-tering from a rise of Japanese competition.

0FMCI.4L PREDICTIONS

Hiroshi Obori, director of the

Economic Planning Bureau, is ene of the men charged with plotting the future of Japans economy. His figures show Japanese industry reached a peak in April, 19S7, and then declined as did the American economy. Then in the fall of 1958 it turned upward, again paralleling the U.8. course.

The Japanese gross national product (the total of all goods and services) last year was about 130 billion The American ONP was $437.7 billion.

Mr. Obori predicts a steady rise of about 6.5 per cent a year, leaching $63 billion in 1962. He told me the national budget is in balance, and that consumption and production ire equal. However, he said investments are too large In compstrlsMi with currency holdings. Japan needs sUU more employment, more coUege-tralned men. more pro-iiucUon. higher Uvlnf standards, greater Imports of mwr materials and. hemte. more exports markets.

TYPICAL EXPANSION

Typical of the growth of business is the experience of the Sony Corp^ an aggressive com

pany but still not one of the pants of Nippon. It specializes in transistors and translstorteed recorders and radio sets. While it sells 20,(X)0 sets a month in Japan, it markets 50,000 overseas.

Yoshlnobu Kagawa, counsel, and Kolchi Kasahara. Harvard-grad director, said their company IS seeking larger markets in the United States and every other country of the world.

One of the most promising products is a people* radio" for low-income people of Southeast Asia. Sony will supply the innards and local compankse can make the cases with cheap local materials and labor. The result will be an increase in Southeast Asia Industr>' and eraployment; radios at prices natives can afford. and a channel of conununl-cation between democratic governments and flie people.

Meanwhile, it is working on amaUer. better and cheaper electronics products. Coning soon Will be a 12-transistor AM-FM radio selling at $I25 in the American market.

TOMORROW: The meil, gy-raUag Tekye stock mMtJttA

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