FACE POURTHE DAILT REPLECTCm, GREENVILLE, W. C

Thurtday, June 18 1959

Thursday, June 18, 1959

Year-Round Schools Worth. Study

To Spite The Tree

North Carolina has long used study commissions to dehe into matters of great importance (and sometimes matters of little importance) and come up with recommendations for action by the state.

While the value of such study groups has been questioned from time to time, most people agree that a great deal of good has been accomplished by study groups working between legislative sessions. Their findings and recommendations often have focused public attention on important problems and led to ^ workable solutions.

The legislature is now considering study commissions which might function during the period between now and the time the 1961 General Assembly convenes.

One of the most important of the commissions so far proposed Is the one which would investigate the feasibility of using school buildings year-round.

With its growing population. North Carolina faces a continuing problem of providing adequate education for its young people. The state must provide for thousands of new students in its public schools each year and at the same time seek to elevate the level of public education offered these youngsters.

In terms of classrooms alone, the increased cost puts an appreciable burden on local governments which are primarily responsible for providing the physical facilities for public education.

If greater utilization could be made of school buildings now In existence or to be built in the next few years, literally millions of dollars of local govern

ment funds which would have to go into clamoom construction might be diverted into other education channela to provide better schooling for our younif-sters.

It is obvious even to a layman that many pro1> lems would be involved in any plan to use school buildings on a year-round basis rather than on the nine-month basfe. To experienced public school officials, the hazards involved in the transition to year-round utilization of school buildings must be even more evident.

Through an effective, hard-working study commission, the problem could be investigated and the findings of the committee made known to the people of North Carolina. The recommendations of such a committee would carry a great deal of weight in helping the state to decide whether year-round utilization of school buildings would be advantageous to public education in North Carolina.

Certainly the state should overlook no possibility which might enable it to afford better public, education for its youngsters. And greater utilization of school buildings, while a matter of conjecture, appears at least on the surface to have some merit in long-range school planning.

The General Assembly would be wise in authorizing such a study commission to look into the feasibility of utilizing school buildings on a year-round basis. The findings and recommendations of such a commission would be invaluable to North Carolina and its system of public education.

Ill-Prepared For Warlike Attack

If the Navy wants to decorate the men of the P4M attacked by MIG jets over the Sea of Japan

Public To Vote On Comoromise

By LVNN NISBET

CON8TITUTION~By the time thU can be read It Is quite likely the Qeneral Aascmbly will have taken final action on the next of a new constitution to be ub-tnitted t the voters thl fall. What the people vote upon Hf as expected, the Legislature submits It) will be studied compromise and represent composite conclusion of the 170 members of the LegUtature, based upon long and careful study by eminent lawyers and laymen. It can be truthfully said that no member of the General Assembly, no member of either of the study commissions, and perhaps no voting citizen will like every provision in the document. The hope was many times expressed during committee discussions and full-scale debate In open session of the Senate and the House, that majority of the voters will find enough total good to overbalance the small segments of bad and ratify the new constitution In time for It to apply to next year's elections.

Many speeches will be made and many editorials written between now and the election. A few observations based upon comments heard throughout the debates seem pertinent at this stage.

COURT REFORM By common consent Article IV, dealing with the courts. Is the heart of the new coiuiUlutlon, Most of the arguments on other articles, especially the one senator to a county limitation, were hypothecated on the effect that would have on a favorable vote for court reform.

The court section ss acted upon by the General Assembly was Itself a compromise of widely divergent Ideas contained In recommendations by the Bar Association (Boll Committee I and the Constitutional commission,

STATE PACKAGE - MerlU or lack of merit In the proposals will be fully covered during the election campaign. Without regard to basic ronlent, It has been obvloiw for months that one group sought to paramount court reform above all else, while another sought to deal with the whole problem of Inter related governmental actlvllle. The Inter-related Idea largely prevailed.

It also has been apparent that the Senate was more State-minded, the House more disposed to think In terms of sections and oommuntties. More significant was the fact that members of

both branches who had not served on the committees, and so hsd not heard the discussions there, insisted upon going over much of the same ground In order to vote Intelligently.

That was evidenced In House discussion of several amendments designed to remove the limit of (ne senator to a county provision which had been put in by the Senate, Most of the comments on those amendments, all of which were overwhelmingly defeated, related more directly Ui points which the committees had threshed out about courts.

This contest brought clearly Into focus the fight between big and little counties for control of the General Assembly, The test vote came on a roll call by which the amendment to mib-mlt that Idea as a separate ballot was defeated 07 to 44. None of the lines which had been established roughly on the pro or antl-admlnlstratlon basis held In this vot. Administration stalwarts from little counties voted to retain the one senator limitation, while big county repre-sfmtatlves who are numbered among the administration fores voted to delete It.

TOO FAR? - By overwhelming, but not counted votes, the House voted down amendments to Increase pay of legislators above the Included In the Senate bin, and to increase House membership to 130, as recommended by the Constitutional Commls-jilon. It accepted lengthening the l>ny period from 120 days to 150, and to add health and sanUaUon to the subjects upon which the General Assembly could not pass special local acts.

Majority of the members felt they had gone far enough In lalslng their own pay, after denying to other state agencies and employees the amounts they contended were required to sustain good services. The 150 day pay period at 120 per day will Increase the salaries of legislators next term to a maximum of $.1,0(K) compared with the present maximum of $1,800. That, pliw the new tj*avel allowance and unllmlled sublstence allo-catlons, will more than double the compensation of memt>ers of the next and succeeding Legislatures.

TETCHY" Many of the Representatives were resentful of efforts on pirt of some others to ctit off deliftte In order to enable the General Assembly to adjourn this weeka goal that most of them admitted was unattainable.

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Monday, we find no fault with that decision.

But along with 'tte decorations, someone is also fully entitled to a good, old-fashioned Navy chewing out for the plane's equipment deficiencies which rendered it incaple of returning the fire of its attackers.

If all American planes on patrol duty in the Far East are as ill prepared to respond to attacks as this P4M was, the U. S. air arm in that theatre is in terrible shape.

The attack in itself is alarming. More alarming, however, is the condition of the aircraft in which the men were sent on patrol.

The words of the commander of the craft point up vividly the lack of proper precautions before the plane left the ground:

I gave the order to fire, Lt. Cmdr. Mayer said, hut the communications were bad and Corder (tail gunner) didn't get the order on the first run. On the second run, before he got the range he was hit.

Further, the Navy said initially, the planes two other 20mm. machineguna were unable to fire because of mi.ssing parts.

Faulty communications, and guns with missing parts!

Subsequently the Defense Department explained that two gun units of the plane had been dismantled and that confusion in phone conversation among the crew resulted in failure of the third weapon to return fire. The statement added that the two guns were dismantled to better suit the plane for its particular mission.

Regardles.s of this statement by the Defense Department, there are questions which should be brought to the fore:

If no armament was deemed necessary for the protection of the plane, why were two guns rendered Inoperative and the other left in operating condition with a gunner manning it?

How prepared is a military aircraft in that condition for an attack by an enemy plane?

Hov/ many other U. S. planes are sent winging (n'cr the Sea of Japan or into other areas in similar condition.

Whats the use of American taxpayers spending billions of dollars annually for defense if military planes are Incapable of returning enemy fire under surprise attack. Where was the nations high degree of miitary readlno.ss at 12:36 p.m. Tuesday Japanese time over the Sea of Japan?

Is the condition of that P4M indicative of the degree of readiness of all our military forces spread in every segment of the globe to respond to a surprise enemy attack?

'This latest ailuck on our aircraft over the Sea of Japan is another reminder that we must stand ready to repulse an attack at any moment. The condition of the U. S, plane which was attacked should shock us into the realization that our degree of readiness may not be as high as military and other officials have led U.S to believe.

The incident should result in something far more important to the safety of our nation and its military forces than the mere decoration of crewmen on tha plane.

Other Editors Saying,,, Oil Gamble In N. C.

By JIMMY ELUS

They Had A Name For ..

A couple of weeks ago, Oreeo-vUle's jeep-mounted bug-killing equipment attracted some public notice In that it was said to be the target of rocks thrown by youngsters following in its fog-(iunmed wake.

City Manager Leonard P. Bloxam allowed, at the time, that the machine would .be removed from service if the rock-throwing continued.

U one little fellow in one of Greenville eastern residential

areas could have beard the removal threat, it would be a good bet that he would have been out throwing rocks at the jeep the next time It came by his house.

The little fellow is afraid of the thing.

Nothtog bothers the child at all, except the bug-killer. It can be four blocks away and hell burn a new path going home to get away from it.

Most of the adults in his neighborhood were not aware of

Spotlight Back On A Bigger If

(Rocky Mount Telegram)

If a gamble that started In 1911 and continues today ever pays off. Eastern North Cwollna Is going to have a new industrial interest, that of producing oil or natural gas. and perhaps both. To date, however, the prucpects of success In drlUlni for oil and gas on the North Carolina coast has been none too heartening, for a total of 30 wells in 48 years has failed to produce anything of Importance.

De.splte this lack of success efforts are continuing. The dlscov- cry of oil In Florida some years ago ooneentraicd the interest of such posslbiilUes In this statt. Several major oil companlta and various Individuals have been drilling in the southeastern part o( the stale since.

The first wells know-p to have been drilled In North Carolina were sunk In Currituck County by the East Coast DriUlng Company in 19U, and the most recent drtlllnt was done In Onslow County two Texas "wild-catters" who have found nolh-tng but are still hopeful.

A lot of money has been poured Into this exploratory drilling that hius produced holes ranging from 2,iK)0 feet in depth to more than 10. feet. Those who Uy

it admit their efforts are a big gamble, but they continue to express the belief that it la logical that oil or gas might be found on the North Carolina coast. The investigations of these possibilities are based on the fact that some of the Coastal Plato aedi-ments have been correlated with formations of similar ages to the Southwest where gas and oil are known to occur.

Whether the proapects of gas and oil to North Carolina will ever pay off with a "gusher* has been argued for many yeart, and thi* differencea of opinion atUl exist. Some oil men continue to think the gambit la worth taking, but at beat men of technical Knowledge sty Uwre may or may not be oil to North Carolina.

Where thgre Is the gUfhttat hope for oU. of oeurat, men wUh dreams will continue drUUng. And so long as thty drill the possibility that Eastern North Carolina may tome day be In the oU toduatry exists. But before we stxrt counting our barrels. perhaps we should remember the W'ords ol Dr. Collier Cobb, a geoU>gv expert at the University of North Carolina who aaid that he would drink every barrel of oil ever found to this state.

By JAMES MARLOW

WASHINGTON (AP) - The mental problems of Oov. Earl K. Long of lx)uislana and his insistence he doesnt belong to an asylumturn a chilling spotlight on a far bigger but stUl unanswered question affecting the whole country.

How could a vice president of the United States take over from a president who became too physically or mentally disabled to carry out his duties but could not or would not admit it?

The Constitution Isnt clear. The queatlon has never been answered. In fact. Congress throughout American history has begged the question. President Elsenhower has asked Congress to provide an answer. So far It has ducked.

Longs family had him flown out of Louisiana by plane to a mental hospital to Galveston, Tex he says he was drugged and kidnappedand the lieutenant governor took over, signing bills and otherwise acting aa governor.

NOW Long is fighting to get back Inside Louisiana. If he does even to enter a hospitaland then inserts himself as governor, who is governor; Long or the lieutenant governor? There Is some disagreement in Louisiana, sute Atty. Gen. Jack Oremll-Uon says the law allows Lt. Oov. Lcther Frasar to act In the ease of inability of the governor to act for any cause." But Frasar himself says as far as he knows, when Long come back hes governor.**

But suppose a president became deranged perhaps only slightly but could not or would not admit it. How then could Uw vice praildent take over? Even when the president Is out of the country he aUU is the president, and no one la authorized to step into his p4*oe.

No legal, fool-proof way haa been produced j^t to shove a

president aside, no matter what the circumstances.

This is all the ConaUtuUon says; "In case of the removal of the president from office, or of his death, resignation, or inability to discharge the powers and duties of the said office, the same ahall devolve on the vice president (but the Constitution doesnt say how or who decides on presidential diaablll-tyl and the Congress may by law provide for the removal, death, resignation or inability, both of the president and vice president, declaring what officer shall then act as president and such officer shaU act accordingly, until the disability be removed (the Constitution doesnt say who decides this), or a president shall be elected."

8o. although the Constitution clearly says Congress can lay down the method for getting a tilsabled president out of toe White House, Congress has never done so.

The idea that Congress by a simple law could give the answer has been challenged, and on pretty good grounds:that if a vice president succeeded the president by simple act of Congress, it could be protested as unconstitutional and taken to toe courts where It might face a long fight.

One way out of the dilemma would be for Congress to propose a constitutional amendment requiring approval of two-toirda of House and Senate and three-fourths of the states which would be far more birtdtog than a law passed by Congress.

A Senate subcommittee has unanimously approved such an amendment which has backing from both Elsenhower and some Democrats and Republicans. Whether it will get action In Congress this year is very uncertain.

Meanwhile. Elsenhower and Con iBueA On ^age f

his fear until a week or so ago. Several of them were standing In one of the yards when the Lttle fellow to question set up a loud yell and headed for home.

His older brother, wise in the ways of the world and afraid of absolutely nothtog, patiently explained to the older folks. Hes skeered o that'skeetering chine.* The group chuckled all around at the reference to the bug-killer as a "skeetering chine.

Their chuckles turned to full-grown laughs when another youns-ter came on the scene to ask, Wheres that buggering chine? The combination of names for the equipment sent the adults into ft frenzy of laughter when they thought of them for a minute. They didnt realize toe best was yet to come,

A third youngster walked up to the group, waited for ths laughter to subside and asked, What time will that frogger-ing 'chine get down here?"

The whole crowd was paralyzed with laughter.

Come to think of It. though, what Is the correct name for the machine? That might be funnier than any of the names dreamed up by toe children.

As a general rule, strictly personal notes arent usually included in these columns, but one will be included today. It is to a Mrs. Harris.

Thank you, Mrs. Harris, for the note to the Wee Urchin. He wais tickled pink by it. My Pair Gwen and I are certain he doesnt understand all you wrote, but we do, and we appreciate It, Perhaps we could take you with us some day when we go for a ride to hear the bob whites call across toe fields.

Flunge At The Casino

By HAL BOYLE

monte CARLO (AP)Helpl

(Jet me out of here or, better, lend me more francs. With a few hundred more francs I am sure I can whip the wheeltoe roulette wheel that is.

Ftom the time of my birth to Kansas City, Mo.. I knew I was bora to break the bank at Monte Carloor at least make toe try.

Well, nobody can say I didnt make my play.

Pirad I went to the dice tal4e, and q*ied to throw the dice that are hereditary to my family and once won one of my ancestors to Missouri the right to build a canal between Sedalia and Lon God speed being granted beyond state lines.

They wouldnt take my dice, and I got rlle<l up and refused to use their dice.

By then my wile had got control of the family eirchequer.

1 explained I would break the bank at Monte Carlo at roulette. She said I was welcome to do so and God speed, but all she could lend me was 1,000 francs.

For a moment I thought she was bleeding generosity until I found out that 485 francs equals a dollar and 1,000 francs is only toe sunny side of two bucks.

I found a roulette table where the going bet was 200 francs. Came to about 40 cents.

The table was surrounded by people who looked like they were either family advisers to the last C^zar of Russia, or at least displaced cousins of Tovarlcb Trotsky. Each had a system.

They noted down the results of every turn of the wheel. They get only about once out of every 50 times.

I passed up the 200,000-frano-limlt table myself and sportingly put down 200 francs on No. 29, a lucky number to my vocabulary because it has always seemed to me the last number before 30. And you know what 30 is. Finis. Exit, So long.

I played it five straight Umes. It never came up.

Yet when I walked away from the table you could almost feel the respect of those sick foreign aristocrats. They had seen the last of the boy plungers of the Western world spend his entire wad about $2.10 and stroll away tight-faced but smiling, bowing to a duke here, a duchesa there.

Opinions In Brief

Somewhere around 15 per cent of all personal Income in the nation is paid out now for nonwork. That includes social security payments, life insurance, private pensions, dividends, Interest and rent, and various payments under federal, state and local programs. Not working obviously has become big business In the United States. And it seems destined to get bigger still. Waynesboro News-Virginian.

The perfect gift to give ft woman is something she can exchange the very next day. Mattoon (HI.) Journal-Gazette.

A picture may be better than a thousand words but most women doubt It.Miami Herald.

Strength For Today

By EARL L. DOUGLASS POWER IN THE WORD

*Tn toe beginning was the Word."

The Gospel of John opens with this majestic sentence. And majestic it is to every sense of the term. Sometimes people read this declaration with only a very hazy conception of what it means. It is one of the most arresting atatementa found to the entire Bible.

Fer "w(ird" to the Bible means something different than it does to modern parlance. It Is by His word that God creates. In the begtontof Re said. "Let their be light, and there was light." It was His word which brought about this marvelous beginning of creation, and as one goes through toe creation stories he finds that everything was created simply by the word of God.

Now what the Evangelist John meant when he began his Gospel with the statement, "In the be-gmning was the Word," was simply that before there was anything else in the created universe. there was the power of God. And He put this power to work by the utterance of words. The Word therefore is Gods power to creative action.

This Word became incarnate in a human body, namely, the body which Jesus Christ possessed. In Him was God the Cheater at work: not as In the beginning making a material world but as the creator of new life in mens souls.

"In the beginning was the Word, and toe Word was with God, and the Word was God." The spiritually creative power of God became flesh and dwelt amongst us.

Spending More Than The Budget

By ELMER R0ES8NER

We keep hearing about the $77 bllUoQ Federal budget. It seems like a dreadful amount of moDey built up by our taxes.

But as a mfttter of fact, total Federal tpending is far greater Uuun that. In fact. It will probably run above 117 billion to toe fiscal year starting July L Thats because of the Federal trust funds, which are buUt up by the fovernments taxing pow. tr but are not listed to toe operating budget.

Theres a tot of suspicion that considerable political influence backs the system. If the public fully realized the extent of government taxing and paying, it might ciamor more for economy. It might even kick some of toe spenders out of office.

IN THE SHADOW BUDGET These inuit. funds include the Social St'curlty system, unemploy

ment compensation, raUroad and Civil Service retirement, veterans life insurance and the highway program.

The money people pay to Social Security taxes, and the money they pay in added Federal gasoline taxes is no less taxes than the money they pay on income or liquor. And it is paid out by toe Treasury juat as other tax monies art. But It doesn't figure to toe budget and people even thoee getting Social Security and other benefltsetldcun realize that either their payments or benefits arent to that weli-publiclstd 177 blUion budget.

This shadow budget has been hunping in size. Here is a table showing trust fund and regular budget expenditures since July 1, 1961. m blUion of doUars:

..........

53

74.3

1954 ..........

72

67.8

1955 ..........

8 5

64.6

1956 ..........

9 4

66.5

1957 ..........

13.0

69.4

19S8 ..........

16 I

71.9

Fiscal Yr.

1951......

1953......

Tr. Fftad

.. 7

. 5 3

Reg. Bad. $44.1 65,4

The total for the coming year luu been estimated from $18.1 billion to $20.3 billion.

TBArS NOT ALL In addition to the trust fimda, there are also guarantees.

Tbe<netically, at least, these do not Increase either taxes or spending.

The governmento as pledged support of toe Federal Home Loan Bank System, the secondary mortgftte operations of toe Federal National Mortgage Association (Fanny Mae, the Panama Canal Zone government and rurale lec-trificatlon loans. Most of the government's other guarantees such as farm price supports art listed to the budget, but these

are not.

And while these guarantees don't add to the total budget, if toe government ahould ever be called upon to make good, the money would have to come out of future taxes. INTERESTING FRAGMENTS OF BUSINESS ^nEWS

"Oitanes," a French cigarette containing American leaf tobacco, has Increased 20 per cent tn sales. . Jkfier 10 years of research, a Dictionary of Textiles will be published next month by Fairchild, New York, at $25 a copy. It will contain 12,000 de-flnltloos. . .Hotel rooms at S3 a day and steak dtoners al 9 cents are being offered! o attract alrt ourlsts to Toluca, Mexico. . . Travelers can now rent matched luggage. . JHousewlves can drive their cars down the aisle of a new Houston supermarket: walking attendants fill thsf orders.