PAGE POURTHE DAILY REFLECTOR. GREENVILLE, N. C.

Saturdiar. May 23, 1&59

Saturday^ May 23. 1959

Heavy Industry, UJSJ5.R.

Cloud Of Uncertainty In Assembly

Lack of recognized leadership in th^ 1959 General Assembly has been pointed out by observers time and again since the session began. Again it looms to the fore as the lawmakers move into the home stretch w'ith major money problems yet to be resolved.

Just how the money problems are going to be resolved is anybody's guess. And there are plenty of gue.ses even though the most seasoned observers of the legislature declare anything still can happen.

Among important questions still hanging in the balance are these:

Will a withholding system be adopted, or will legislators abandon that plan and move into the field of tax increases by adjusting exLsting new levies and looking for new tax sources?

Obviously it is late in the session for the legislators to open these doors which most people assumed more than a month ago were closed. It seems the legislature has been maneuvered into the position of accepting the withholding system and its windfall to balance the budget, or risk extra weeks in Raleigh if they look for new revenues in lieu of the withholding system.

Where will the,line be drawn between supporters of education seeking more funds for public schools and institutions of higher learning, and those who

Administration Has Strategists

By I.YNN NISBET

OUTSMARTED - The admln-lAtratlon forces on the Senate ft-cance commltte# have ouUmart* d the almoat equal nurnl)er of opponent* at nearly every turn. They were caught off guard Tuesday when an amendment to make the esUmate reporting and advance payment feature* of the Income tax withholding plan applicable to corporation* was adopted a one-vote margin, While opponent* of the amendment were caught off guard, It* apon-or went to sleep too *oon. Next day the administratlonist* rallied, called a aurprlae Vote rescinded Tuesday' action and then put the "cllnder on - a device that require* two-third* vote to revive the idea. If the ponsor* of the amendment Immediately upon tta adoption had used that device the next day* meeting would have been futile. There 1* very little proepect a iwo-thlrds majority on either side, In committee or full session* of Uoiuie or Senate.

It has been recognized from beginning the session that there Is pretty close dlvlaion In both hranches In the general pro and anti adminlstratlon "ranks, but that the administration has a big majority of Uie seasoned legislative strategists, alert to take advantage of parliamentary procedure.

SOCIALIZING A veteran legislator complained the other day that there is les* social life among members this year than in his prevlois terms. He wasn't sure why this Is the case, Admittedly the legislators have worked Imrd and perhaps for longer hours than usual. Early morning and late night committee meetings have been the order, and there seems to be a heavier acculuatton of reading material for home-work sUidy. iJssplte this work load there have been a number of parties for small and large groups which members Have attended and enjoyed

What bothered the complaining member was that apparently there 1 rnoir dlKiK)sltlon to carry over factional fine* from legislative circles into the after hours social activities. Other old-timers say they have seen no Indication of this, but most of them admit that the social hoius have been less relaxing and easy than before,

TIRED Harder work and less relaxation has resulted in members being tired, physically and otherwise. Further re.sull Is short tempers and sharp ton-* gues The trsdltlunal practice of legislative courte.sy is openly observed, but with less urhnnlty and obvious sincerity than In most previous sessions, '."WHITTLING There is giow-hif resentment among many legislator*. who are heglnning to realize they coustltule an impotent minority, against the wldt-tllng away of powers hereto

fore vested in elected constitutional officers and placing them in appointed administrative boards.

Functions performed for many year* by the State Auoitor have been transferred to the Department of Administration; bllU now pending would transfer from the elected 8ui>erintendent of Public Instruction to the appointed Board of Education much of the control over public school*

An Illustration of that trend, and the way bill captions often do not give the real meal of the proposal, is the bill by Rep. Rachel Davis of Lenoir providing that "not more than eight members of the Textbook Cotnmlsslon shall be professional educators The gimmick 1* that nominations for appointment to the textbook group shall hereafter he mAde by the State Board of FJdneatlon, rather than by the Superintendent of Public Instruction, and also deletes present requirement that the chairman he approved by the State Superintendent.

LOCALIZED More progrr.ss ha* been made in this Legislature than in many years to give county commissioners more real control over government in their ballwlck*. There continues debate over whether county folks have more or less control over public roads, than formerly, In other areas they are being re-*tored to the prestige enjoyed before the trend toward centra-li/atlon in Raleigh gained nio-inentuin.

The House committee on Counties, Cities and Towns this week approved three or four bills --and they are expected to encounter no dtfilculty on the road to final enactment giving county commisstoners substantial discretionary authority for zoning property outside of corporate limit* of muntclpalllles and for en forcing the provision* of the State building code There was intimation of conflict tM*tween town hoards and county commissioners in some of the discussions of these hills, but no serloiw problems developed. The basic thought was that If the powers were vested in local government the conflict* could Im* adjudicated much easier than between any local board and a State authority One reason so much progre.ss ha* bwn made toward loi^al res-sponalblllty is the friendly working relationship between the Assoctatlon of County C(mmls-sloners and the League of Munlci-pahUes. They have foumt they have a lot more In common than in controversy, that In nvuny Inst* nces the same folks pay the taxes and vole for the two .sets of officers. The spirit of a cooperation rather than t lvah v lia.x contilbuled greatly to .strength enlng local governmenl and making it capable of dlschniginu the obligations being imposetl by peivdliTg legUIatlon

till cling: to the proposition that the budget line must be held close to administration recommendations?

Here again is a problem which could hold legislator.* in Kaleigh lor extra weeks.

^ What of the proposed constitutional reforms?

The same thing may be applied to a host of other lesser issues, yet to be resolVed, on which the legislators seem fairly evenly split.

There has been nothing so far in the 1959 session to indicate there is any single strong, effective leader-.Hhip in the legislature to .steer a sure course of action. Certainly the administration has not been able to muster the strength required to as.sume such a position. Gov. J^Iodges ha.s taken it on the chin in a number of items on his legislative program. It is entirelj^ possible the administration will receive other seG backs before the session adjourns.

Neither have any of the pre-session factions that seemed to be in the making .solidified to the extent that they exert consi.stent influence on the course of Ifigislation in a general sen.se.

The legislature still has many of its major problems to rfolve before it adjourns. Without a recognized leadership to steer a course toward resolving these problems, it is difficult indeed to evaluate with any degree of certainly what tha General As.sembly will do with the.se matters, or how long it will take to resolve them. ^

One thing is certain, however. This ha.s been one of the rho.st unusual aes.sions of the General Aaaiimbly in many years.

Cant Resolve Issues Operating In The Dark

Hanging like a threatening cloud over the state.s piililic school system i.s the di.<putedetails of which remain hiddenbetween Dr. Charles H. ('arroll, State Superintendeni of Rulilic Instruction, and the State Hoard of Falucation.

People of the slate know only that some differences on .school fiolicii s exist between the Board and Dr. Carroll. How serious the rift between them, or what the scope the dispute includes are matters which have been kept secret.

# Rep. H. I. Satterfield, ch.airman of the House Kducafion Commitfee, has made a logical request in a.king the Hoa*d of Kducation and Dr. Carroll to present I he cornitlee in writing their opinions on the dif-fererices which now exi."*t for consKleration of his commilD'e.

In view of the fact the committee ni)W ha.s before it a bill which would transfer to the Board .some powers now held by the Superintendent, the information requested is both timely and nece.sKary.

Members of the legislature anrl the people of the slate as a whole are entitled to know the extent of the (!iffer(nce.s between the Board and the Superintendent of Iublic In.Mtruction. The policies of the Board and th( Superintendent are the policies which govern public education in North Carolina, and as such they are of vital importance and intere.t to all the people of the state.

While vve have no de.sire to see a public contro-ver.sy over North Carolinas public schools provoked, if iliere are differences at the top level of public education, they should not he kept from the legislators or the people. They should he aired and re.solved, not in secrt't negotiation.s, hut in the full light of public scruiiny.

Hep Satterfielfrs reijue.st for information on the differe?ic(s shoiiid he honored by the Board of Education and by Dr. Carroll. Only l)y making the i.ssue.s public can they be effi'clively resolved in the be.st interest i)f North Carolinas public school .system and the people of the .state.

By JIMMV ELLIS

lUNftufM

Makes One Realize Age

Its t diploma-giving time again, and if there is ever a time that makeji a man realize his age its diploma-giving time, Mo,xt people, it seems, are Inclined to remember their high school graduation dates for about ten years. After that, they dont mention it any more than they have to, unless they are trapped into doing so.

Take, for instance, an incident in a Greenville office this week.

One of the older members of the office staff happened to mention he had graduated from high school In 1936. The young upstarts who work with him immediately began giving him a hard time.

"Golly, one sweet young thing remarked, "that was two years before I was bom

Everybody laughed, except th*

representative of the Class of 1936.

"You know, another member of the group Intoned, "Ive always wondered how the depres-sion-years graduates felt.

He paused, for effect, and then asked the man who had graduated during the depression, "How was it, old fellow."

' The older person didnt say a word.

A third, person took up the conversation.

"Considering that you were graduated during the depression and all. how wa* it. reaUy? he a*ked. "What did folks have back in those days?

The senior member of the staff put aside his work and looked up.

"Well, for one thing. he allowed. "folks back In those days

Other Editors Saying.., V/e See No Difference

Hulles Verdict

is Up 10 hlistory

The Daily Reflector

INCORPORATED

Published Every Afternoon Except Sundiy Established 1882 DAVID JULIAN WHICHARD, Publisher

Entered at Poat Office, OreeuvUl#, N. a* second class mattei*

SUBSCRIPTION RATES By Carrier Weak 30c

(BY MAIL, Payable in Advanoi)

Three Months ..............................................4 3.50

Six IHontbs 9 0.50

One Year 111.50

MBMBEB ABEOCTATEO PBISB

TBe Associated Preei te exclusively entitled to use fm publlcetlon ell news dlspetchea credited to It or txH otherwlae credited to this paper end eieo the local news publisher herein All right* of publlcetlon of special dispatches here are also reaesred

NATIONAL AOVEKTIHING KEPIIEHKNTATIVEM Thomas F Clark Co.. Inc., New York, Chicago, Atlanta Member Audit Bureau ol Circulation.

All advertising copy must be received at least one day before

publlratloo aate.

By JAMF..S MARLOW WASHINGTON <APi Jnhn Foster Dulles, from the moment he resigned as .xeoretary of stale because of his sprending can oer, belonged to history. What will history say of him?

It ran never deny that this 71 year old man gave to the service and wellare of hi* country Iremeiulmts and treles* dedication. He quit only iH'cunse of tlie illness which incapacitated him.

Hot only unfoldnig events hisloiv lUelf ran ever give a final answer to tle eentral question of Ills sleward.shlp: Wa.n he a good si'eretiuy of state in the sense that the poUcv he purused was wise?

Ifts great task wa.s dealing with communism If iil* who!' policy toward the world of the Hovlel* and Red (hine.se were to he .snmim'tl ui> in a smgle .sen t(nee, this could fe it. "Hold tiglit and don't let them budge an inch "

Thi.s wa.s exactly the "contnln-meut" policy of his predeccs-.sor, f(rn\er Socrelarv of State Dean Achcson. It called for mili larv alliances all around ihe Communist perimeter and economic help to friend.s and nen-trajs

The pui't>o.se was direct, oh-viou.s and .simple: to keep communism from gaining any more grotnid, militarily, economically or politically. It wa* easenllullv a (icfctuilve policy, not an ag-giT.s.sive one Dulle* dusugreed with it Ihor-ojjghly in the 19.^2 presidential campaign before he l)|'rame sec-n'lary. He called it "negative, funllle and intmornl He said it was limited to r'acllng to Soviet actlon.s. In short, he said the United Slates should create crises for tlie Bovlei Hnion lustend of letting the Soviet Union create crises f>r us Hnl when he taMame .sccr('larj? he took over Ihe Ative.MMi policy, made it hi* own, even expanded on It with new military nlliancc.s. Yet Dulle.s li.nl hardly taken ofllce hclore Soviet pllc^ cluing ed, at lea.si outv\nrdl\, b'oriy four day.^ after l)ulh*.s wa*. .sworn in. file olil dictator, Joseph Stalin, died, and with him went the needlc.vsly avjvge Soviet fordgu

policy.

Hi* succesjiors took i softer line although their purpo.se, and they made no bones about It. was the .same: Communist expansion. They managed to in-crca.se their influence beyond their borders but American military alliance* and power remained firm and the Soviets did-n t gain an extra foot of real e.state.

Yet, the Soviets and Red Chl-ne.se went ahead by leap.s in fheir own interiml development, parttpnlarly the Soviet Union in the field of weapon* which put added i>re**nre on the We.st to .stand back The cold war between East and West wa* ju.st as intense when l)uUe.s went to the hospital a* when he took office .six vear.s ago

t his i,s why many war.s must pa.s.H lictore hustory can give a final verdict on the policy and w isdom of Dulle.s. for it wtll Uke many vcars and many event* a* they nufold to show

1 Whether his p(4iey led, or helpi'd lead, to the ultimate ruin-ation or triumph of communism or to a iieaceful understaiullng between Ea.st and West

2 Wlicther, by tive time he took office and Stalin died, the Ache.son^lioUcy w as outmoded and Dulle* should have sought and luusued a lUfferent one of hus own making, with more aggre*-sivcne.s.s and le.s* defen.slvene?i*, or with more frlenclline.ss and les* hostility,

3. Whether the forces already let loo.sf* iH'fore he became secretary in 19.'\3 - ultimately favorable or unfavorable to the West were already too powerful to be affected In their dlree-iion or de.vtlnation bv him or any one man

4 Whether he wa* wise tn depending .so imieh on his own Ihmking or whether he .should have made far grealir use of the mtiuls of the men around him tn tjie Slate IH'partment.

No one now - and certainly not Iulle.s. vvhave .scn.se of history wa* Uw sharp for that cun chitin to know pcedtlvely the ku-swers to the qne.vUoiu* Jiust raised Hut no one can challengF this fttKiut him; he did his be.st ** he saw it.

(Washington Daily News)

Recently we read about a bond Issue being voted upon, in North Carolina in which the resident* of the county were proml*-ed that the tax rate would not be Increased.

At the same time voters were told that the property valuation* would be increased so as to meet the bond payments without increasing the tax rate.

Frankly, we are at a loss to understand the mechanics of this bond election. It is not exactly the tax rate which is important in a case like this one. It is the amount of taxes an Indlv-vldual must pay.

If the bond Issue in this particular case carries, then each taxpayer probably wtll face the position of having to pay a greatly Increased amount of taxes even though the existing tax rate remains the same.

So .in the final analysis, what I* the difference between increasing the tax rate and increasing property valuations?

It would seem to us that this story right here is a good argument for the uniform property valuation proposal which has been before the leglxlaturs this session.

These matter* of property val-viations and tax rates are certainly misleading to the people of North Carolina Oiuthe face of It a county can appear to have* a low tax rate, but if the property valuatioiL* are high, then the anunmt of taxes an Individual must pay could actually causa the tax rate in any given county to be high. And by the same

token a seemingly high tax rate coupled with a low property valuation would actually show any given county in a more favorable light than the figures would Indicate,

So in the final analysis it is the amount of taxes a man pays rather than the given lax rate which determine* the truth. We hear of some county wanting to increase its property valuation and lower Its tax rate. There are argument* In favor of such a move, but in the end the tax structure at that given moment has not changed.

Some people today content that Beaufort county would be better off to reduce its tax rate and Increase its property valuations. But opponents of such a move are quick to point out that once the tax rate is lowered and the property valuations increased, it will be a temptation for pressure group* to get the tax rate upped in future years for this need or that need.

We do not mean to imply that any county should duck its responsibilities to its people. Where needs are. they should be met when possible. Today there are many needs in Beaufort county. Schools particularly need money for expanded facilities. The county has a responsibility in this diieclion. And there are others. But each need should be weighed according -to our ability to pay. If we have) a ned and cannot afford to meet It, then surely we wont meet it.

But we .are only fooling ourselves to decrea.*e tax rates and increase property valuations on this score.

had a little respect for their elders. Thats more than I can say for some of todays younger set. Another mem oer of the staff walked into the offtce about that time and caught the drift of the conversation.

"Knock off that kind of talk. he said. "I know just how he feels.

"What do you mean you know how he feels. Ifou arent as old as he is

I know, but I was at a party the other night and talking to the wife of a friend. Shes from out of town and 1 was asking about some mutual acquaintances.

"She gave a reply about the present whereabouts of most of the people. I finally asked if she knew a boy who had been my roommate in college.

"Her reply was, Oh, yes, hes a good friend of my father.

"I didnt ask her anything else.

Strength For Today

By EARL L. DOUGLA.SS ONE ROAD TO HAPPINESS

"Nothing deteriorates faster than an unoccupied house.

We have heard this said, and often we have read such a statement, But it is not altogether accurate. There are at least two other things which deteriorate faster than an empty house. The first is an empty mind, the second, an empty life..

There are people who have not had a thought in thirty or more years. And this not because they are incapable of thinking, but because their brains have become heavy, wet sponges which nestle in the hollow of their heads. They read no bpoks they can talk only about the most inconsequential matters of life (and do). Most of them get so bored with themselves that they have to have numerous and potent infusions of beverage alcohol several times a day to light up the landscape for them. Aristotle believed that the brain is an organ the function of which is to keep the blood cool. Presumably thats all theirs does.

And as for those of empty life, they toll not, either do they spin. Listen brother, do you realize that this planet is probably the most interesting place in the universe? Do you realize that there are a million situations lying all about you to which you could give your attention and be thrilled?

liomes

Show

Status

By CYNTHIA LOWRY '

NEW YORK AP) The American home has supplanted the automobile as the nation* favorite status symbol, says reporter Vance Packard, and with increasing national prosperity there has been "a crumblbig of visible class lines.

Packard, author of The Hidden Persuaders (which analyzed techniques developed to manipulate American consumers), now has taken a look at the class structure and status system of a nation which often boasts a classless society. *

The book is called The Status Seekers. and it is Packards view that Americans, consciously and unconsciously, reveal reveal their place on the social ladder or the place they want on the social ladder by th bouses in which they live, the churches they attend, the clubs to which they belong, the food they eat, the stores in which they shop.

His research, he says, leads him to believe the social classes of the nation are regrouping as two great divisioa*. One he call* "The Diploma Elite (because the head of the family usually goes to college) and the other "The Supporting Classes. But these two divisions he breaks down into five smaller classes. At the top of'the heap, with the diplomas, he places the real upper class and the semi-upper class. Below them are the limited success class, the working class," and the real lower class. ^

The real lower class, says Packard, knows what It is. The working class isnt fighting to jump its wall. It is in the limited-success and the semi-upper class areas that status, status symbols and social climbing are important. And many new, sometimes subtle .status symbols have become Important, he says, since such oldtlme upper-class symbols are limousines, mink coats and power boats have become available to so many in our affluent age.

The American home is one of them. American families in the past few years have been giving more and more thought to the problem of establishing a home that adequately reinforces the status image they wish to project. Packard says. And home builders have happily helped the trend along by emphasizing status appeals.

Each community, has its own status neighborhoods. In some of the elite are clustered on high ground; in others, it is nearness to a body of water that counts.

Women, Packard Insists, are more conscious of status and it* symbols than men. And the stores in which they choose to shop and what they buy reveals a good deal about their location on the social scale. And so, indeed, does the way their bills are paid cash or check. Past or slow.

Women who get beyond their status in their ventures into stores feel uncomfortable, he reports, There is a widespread feeling among women that store clerks endeavor to maintain what they consider to be the proper tone for their store by snooting customers who seem out of place.

Packard *ays, too, that ones status shows by what one eats: In general, conceptions about what foods best serve as b-eats become more elaborate as you go down the social scale. Upper classes like hard, firm bread; lower classes prefer soft bread. Ofbeat foods venison, wild duck, pompano, caviar are much better accepted by the two upper classes than by the three lower one*.

Packard, as a reporter, knows that status-striving goes on, all over America. But he does not approve of the struggle.

"I think we should all be happier, and live more stimulating bves If . we judged people, not by the symbol* they display^ snd the labels they wear but rather by their individual worth, he concludes.

Govt Competition Is Costly

Bv ELMER KDESSNER

A pre.*entative oI a big Insurance company called on a small businessman I know.

One of hi* first question* was, "Is your busines* incorporated or is It a proprietorship?

The bu*ine.*sman said that he owned the bnsinea* outright "Ah!" .said the iivsurance man. reaching mto hi* brief ca-^e, "Here Ls .Homething that will help you It is a reproduction of a four-page leaflet by the Small Busine*.s AdminLsiration. giving you helpful facts on operating yonr bn.stneiU! "

I'hf lusuraiK-p man *miled This one L* for propnetor.ships That* why I a.sked about vour .setup You see. theres another one for .mu.i1I corporation*

( OMPEimON FROM ON HIGH "Well said my friend, do you realize you have ju*t laxt a sale^"

' Lo.*t a sale''" Why?

"\l> bu*lne.'i* consist* of wrttlng and cdiUng leaflet* and news-

letter.* for biusines* firm*. At the moment, I have proposals befora two other insurance companie*.

I might be trying to sell your company right now. except for the fact that It choose* to reproduce governmental material Instead of buying,

'Government competiUon, which I support through taxes, is coftlinf me buslne&s.

"I am not going to do business with you for two reasons. First, you are co-operating with a competitor. Second, government competition is so severe that 1 cannot afford any more insurance."

MH.^T TO DO ABOUT IT

Tlf Small Business Admlnls-tiatum ought to be more careful. It la obviotj^ from thl* report, that it Is hurting big insurance companies The Small Business Administration is supposed, under Congressional Act, to help small busmes.^e*. not Injure big ones.

Under tbeae circumstances. Die only fair thing for Small Bu&ine&a Administrator Wendell

Barnes to do Ls to get In touch with the insurance company and buy a fat insurance policy.

If Administrator Barnes wants to know which company he lost a sale for. Ill be happy to take my tongue out of my cheek and tell him.

PER.HONNEL PItOIILEMS PI ZZLE BI S1NEH.N MOST

Personnel problems are the chief concern of American management, judging from question* asked the American Management Association by membMW.

Question* a*ked in one month were tabulated. Some, requests for ofllctab title*, addresses. i book titles and publishers were not classifiable Of the rest, 39 per cent concerned personnel. They were about training and development, fringe benefits, organiiatton, employment pro-ce*se and planning, labor relation*. vaciUons. holidays. *ick leave and so on.

The classifications of the other question* were: general management. 14 per cent; finance, 11 per

cent: marketing. 10 per cent; mapufacturing. 9 per cent: office management, 6 per cent: research and development, 5 per cent; international management, 1 per cent; Insurance, 1 per cent.

CORPORATIONS REPORT LUSH FIRST-QUARTER. PROFITS

OF leading corporation* reporting on net income for the first three months of this year, 49 cement, glass and stone companies did best, with earntngs up 99 per cent over the first quarter of IS.'a. according to a First National City Bank compilation.

Next best were 68 chemical products companies, up 63 per cent, and 59 miscellaneous manufacturing companies, up .50 per cent. The only group to show a loss was 28 manufacturers of uonauiomotive transportation equipment, down 17 per cent.

The average of all the 798 companie.* wa* up 46 per cent. However. the total was 2 per cent below th* last quarter of 195S.