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          <lb />'[Fashionetta<lb />{Pagent '96 Results<lb /><lb />EASTERN<lb /><lb />Listen to<lb />WooW 1340 AM<lb />Greenville<lb /><lb />WTOW1320<lb /><lb />AM<lb /><lb />Washington<lb /><lb />Page ia<lb /><lb />Be 5 Oy<lb /><lb />MINOR?<lb /><lb />The Mind does not take its complexion from the skin...<lb />Frederick Dougl::<lb /><lb />EASTERN NORTH CAROLINA'S MINORITY VOICE - SINCE 1981<lb /><lb />JOYNER LIBRARY<lb /><lb />GREENVILLE<lb /><lb />PERLODICALS<lb /><lb />FEBRUARY 12 - FEBRUARY 22, 1997<lb /><lb />Black Beauticians File Federal Lawsuit<lb />Angered Over State Law Requiring Training for Braiding Hair<lb /><lb />A lawsuit filed in federal court<lb /><lb />  last month challenges state laws<lb /><lb />that require hair stylists who per-<lb /><lb />form chemical-fee African<lb /><lb />hairbraiding to undergo nine<lb /><lb />months of unrelated cosmetology<lb />training.<lb /><lb />Plaintiffs in ??oCornwell v. Cali-<lb />fornia Board of Barbering and<lb />Cosmetology??? said the laws are<lb />forcing the predominantly black<lb />hairbraiders to go ??ounderground???<lb />in order to work. The lawsuit asks<lb />that the state be blocked from en-<lb />forcing licensing requirements on<lb />braiding specialists. -<lb /><lb />The cosmetology ?,?urriculum<lb />does not teach hairbraiding, the<lb />plaintiffs note, and they argue that<lb />the curriculum is a remnant of<lb />??oJim Crow??? laws based on Cauca-<lb />sian standards of beauty that as-<lb />sume the only thing to be done<lb />with black hairis to use chemicals<lb />to straighten it so thatit resembles<lb /><lb />its white counterpart.<lb /><lb />??oHow do you license something<lb />you don??Tt teach,??? asked Tabblib-<lb />Din Uqday, executive director of<lb />American Hairbraiders &amp; Natu-<lb />ral Haircare Association, a plain-<lb />tiff in the lawsuit. ??oHow do you<lb />teach something you don??Tt know???<lb />How does it make me in violation<lb />of the law if you don??Tt have a law<lb />that governs what I do????<lb /><lb />A spokeswoman for the Depart-<lb />ment of Consumer Affairs, which<lb />oversees the Board of Barbering<lb />and Cosmetology, said there is a<lb />sweeping state law that requires a<lb />license of anyone ??odressing, curl-<lb />ing, waving,<lb />shampooing...relaxing, singeing...<lb />beautifying or otherwise treating<lb />by any means the hair of any per-<lb />son.???<lb /><lb />The plaintiffs charge that state<lb />cosmetology licensing laws dis-<lb />criminate against stylists provid-<lb /><lb />ing traditional African hairstyles<lb />and keep them from earning a<lb />living.<lb /><lb />??oWhen you stifle the entrepre-<lb />neurial urge in any community,<lb />you're doing violence to that com-<lb />munity,??? said JoAnne Cornwell, a<lb />professors of Africana studies at<lb />San Diego State University, one of<lb />the plaintiffs in the suit and a<lb />practitioner of ??osisterlocks,??? a hair-<lb />styling technique she has trade-<lb />marked.<lb /><lb />Cornwell would like to open her<lb />own hairbraiding salon, but can-<lb />not because she is not a licensed<lb />cosmetologist.<lb /><lb />Both Uqday and Cornwell said<lb />the suit is about more than unfair<lb />business practices, it is about the<lb />continuing cultural standards set<lb />and enforced by a nonblack soci-<lb />ety.<lb /><lb />??oIf you look at the cosmetology<lb /><lb />regulations they really help per-<lb />petuate a negative self perception<lb />on the part of women with natu-<lb />rally textured hair,??? Cornwell said.<lb />??oAnd that it is not naturally<lb />straight.<lb /><lb />??ohat is all that the cosmetology<lb />industry teaches...We have bad<lb />hair, they have good hair,??? she<lb />said. ??oYou can imagine what kind<lb />of implications that has for your<lb />self-perceptions.???<lb /><lb />The state requires that hair styl-<lb />ists in braiding must meet the<lb />same standards as other stylists,<lb />namely 1,600 hours (nine months)<lb />of cosmetology training and pas-<lb />sage of a licensing exam.<lb /><lb />But braiding is not included in<lb />the state-approved curriculum for<lb />cosmetology schools nor tested in<lb />the licensing exam.<lb /><lb />Braiding involves -twisting,<lb />weaving and interlocking the hair<lb /><lb />Nannie Helen Burroughs<lb /><lb />Nannie Helen Burroughs<lb /><lb />Nannie Burroughs, an African-<lb />American community leader in<lb />Washington, D.C., during the pe-<lb />riod 1906 to 1961 and founder of<lb />the Nannie Helen Burroughs<lb />School for Colored Girls (later<lb />named the National Professional<lb />Training School), has not been<lb />much discussed in the historical<lb />literature. Burrough??T s records lie<lb />buried, for the most part unread,<lb />infrequently noticed and un-inter-<lb />preted. To the extent she has been<lb />discussed, however, she has often<lb />been termed the female Booker T.<lb />Washington (Bennett, 1971;<lb />Pickens, 1921). This label is used<lb />to suggest that because she<lb />founded a training school for young<lb />African American women to be<lb />prepared for careers in domestic<lb />work, social services, sewing, tai-<lb />loring, nursing and health related<lb />areas, her political stance regard-<lb />ing segregation was, like that of<lb />Booker T. Washington, an<lb />accommodationist one.<lb /><lb />Nannie Helen Burroughs did not<lb />old the same convictions as<lb /><lb />Booker T. Washington but agreed<lb />that every man has a right to his<lb />own convictions. To better under-<lb />stand the messages given by<lb />Nannie Helen Burroughs it is im-<lb />portant to understand the histori-<lb />cal stage upon which she entered.<lb />The complexities of post slavery<lb />society, the various factions within<lb />Black America, the frustration, the<lb />uncertainty, the hard-liners want-<lb />ing to maintain slavery and the<lb />excitement of freedom.<lb /><lb />With Washington??Ts identity so<lb /><lb />O.J.: A case of tit-for tat?<lb />Responses to verdict by Whites and Blacks<lb />reinforce the bigger problem of race intolerance<lb /><lb />by Judith Jackson<lb />Special to the Tri-State Defender<lb /><lb />LOS ANGELES - The civil jury<lb />in the O.J, Simpson case may be<lb />in, but public opinion remains<lb />mixed along racial lines as to his<lb />real guilt or innocence in the blud-<lb />geoning slayings of his former wife<lb />and an alleged male friend.<lb /><lb />The civil trail ended as<lb />expected...Simpson guilty of vio-<lb />lating the civil rights of Nicole<lb />Brown Simpson and Ronald<lb />Goldman. With the verdict came<lb />an $8 million judgment with more<lb />expected from the all-White jury<lb />on punitive damages.<lb /><lb />Similar to his criminal<lb />trial verdict in which Simpson was<lb />acquitted of the crimes, the guilty<lb />verdct in the civil action brought<lb /><lb />not-so-surprising praises from<lb />Whites and criticisms from<lb />Blacks...a complete turn of events<lb />from the results of the criminal<lb />trial.<lb /><lb />The majority of Whites in most<lb />mainstream media surveys<lb />praised the jury??Ts verdict, calling<lb />it a semi-balance of redemption<lb />for getting off the criminal charges.<lb /><lb />Conversely, the majority<lb />of African-Americans criticized the<lb />jury??Ts unanimous decision and re-<lb /><lb />ferred to it as ??otit-for-tat??? of a ??oso-<lb /><lb />ciety whose foundation is built on<lb />racism.???<lb /><lb />??oWe knew it was going to hap-<lb />pen,??? said Los Angeles civil rights<lb />activist Raymond Boyd. ??oAmerica??Ts<lb />judicial system which is primarily<lb />based on Whited values, could<lb />never allow a Black man to escape<lb /><lb />the ire of the mainstream. It sim-<lb />ply wouldn??Tt happen. After all,<lb />guilty orinnocentin the real sense,<lb />the mainstream had to be vindi-<lb />cated for Simpson??Ts errored mur-<lb />der trial acquittal.??? ??oThis  last<lb />laugh??T perception by Whites and<lb /> we knew it all along??T attitude by<lb />Blacks in both Simpson cases is<lb />acutely reflective of the great ra-<lb />cial disparity that plagues<lb />America,??? said Dr. Henry James<lb />Andrews, professor of Black Stud-<lb />ies at California State University.<lb />??oWhile Simpson has been the cen-<lb />tral character in this still unfold-<lb /><lb />ing drama, the theme was and<lb />continues to be one of racial indif-<lb /><lb />ference and division. ??oNo matter??T<lb />what the outcome of the civil trial<lb />would have been, Whites would<lb />have been dissatisfied with any<lb /><lb />firmly established in history as an<lb />accommodationist, as a believer in<lb />paternalism and self-help as a sub-<lb />stitute for protest and political<lb />activism, it is a powerful but erro-<lb />neous thing to call Nannie Helen<lb />Burroughs the female Booker T.<lb />Washington.<lb /><lb />This label suggests to those who<lb />readit that Nannie Burroughs was<lb />not an activist. The label has been<lb />attached to Nannie Helen<lb />Burroughs on the basis of little<lb />serious study, and it appears to<lb />have been attached to her prima-<lb />rily because she, like Washington,<lb />founded a training school. Nannie<lb />Helen Burroughs entered a larger<lb />society where Booker T. Washing-<lb />ton ruled in that period of his life.<lb />She had a choice, like all African<lb />Americans; take the<lb />accommodationist stance or the<lb />activist non-accommodationist<lb />stance. She took the latter.<lb /><lb />The study of Nannie Helen<lb />Burrough??Ts career, as it relates tr<lb /><lb />the founding and<lb />management of her school, is<lb /><lb />an effort to determine her views<lb />and actions regarding racial<lb />progress, the advancement of Af-<lb />rican Americans, the economic<lb />plight of African Americans and<lb />resistance to White oppression.<lb />This research was based on the<lb />extensive Nannie Helen<lb />Burroughs manuscript collection<lb />located in the Manuscript Divi-<lb />sion of the Library of Congress.<lb />The researcher was guided by<lb />Patricia Hill Collin??T s (1990) work,<lb /><lb />Continued on Page Two.<lb /><lb />other verdict. And Blacks would<lb />have been dissatisfied with any-<lb />thing less than ??ongt guilty,??? Dr.<lb />Andrews said. ??oThe attitudes and<lb />reactions were pre-determined by<lb />the racial differences of the play-<lb />ers and society??Ts deep-seeded ra-<lb />cial phobia. Simpson symbolizes<lb />the ugly American (Black male) in<lb />America His former wife, the inno-<lb />cent and untouchable White dam-<lb />sel who was abused, misused and<lb />ultimately killed by this once sin-<lb />gular exception who finally re-<lb />moved his mask to reveal his true<lb />ugly persona ??oSadly, this percep-<lb />tion is as much alive today within<lb />America??Ts main stream as it was<lb />in the 1920s and long before when<lb />group judgments were made ab-<lb /><lb />nt of judicial proceedings and<lb />Sis uspects were hung on racially-<lb /><lb />without the use of chemicals such<lb />as shampoos, rinses and gels and,<lb />according to plaintiffs, is the exact<lb />opposite of processing, or straight-<lb />ening African American hair us-<lb />ing chemicals.<lb /><lb />The plaintiffs argue that the<lb />state regulations suppress an ex-<lb />pression of their African heritage.<lb /><lb />The argue that African<lb />hairbraiding salons should still be<lb />subject to health standards, like<lb />clean floors and proper ventila-<lb />tion. They also say that natural<lb />styling is so safe that it should not<lb />be held to the same rules as chemi-<lb />cal processes like bleaching and<lb />permanents.<lb /><lb />Assembly woman Marguerite<lb />Archie-Hudson, D-Los Angeles,<lb />introduced a bill last year tocreate<lb />a special license for hairbraiding.<lb />The bill was withdrawn.<lb /><lb />The lawsuit says requiring<lb /><lb />braiders to go to beauty school<lb />makes no sense since the skills<lb />they need are not taught and is so<lb />expensive many women cannot<lb />afford beauty school tuitions of up<lb />to $7,000.<lb /><lb />??oIm here in the name of every<lb />woman who ever walked into a<lb />beauty salon and was turned away<lb />or laughed at or told her hair has<lb />to ??ofixed???,??? said Cornwell. ??oThe<lb />cosmetology regulations perpetu-<lb />ate a negative self-image for<lb />women with naturally textured<lb />hair.???<lb /><lb />The Washington-based Libertar-<lb />ian law firm, the institute for Jus-<lb />tice, is a prime backer of the law-<lb />suit. They decided to challenge the<lb />cosmetology laws after a study<lb />cited those laws as a hinderance to<lb />low-income women tring to start<lb />their own businesses.<lb /><lb />EMANUEL PARKER<lb /><lb />Photo by James Rouse<lb /><lb />History Makers, God Bless the Fathers who open<lb />door for you. African Americans like John<lb />Bizzell who was the first black Greenville board<lb />member. Is shown with Executive Director of<lb />the West Greenville Community Developement<lb />Corporation, Mrs. Barbara Fenner. Keep up the<lb /><lb />cand wark<lb /><lb />a? 3<lb />\<lb /><lb />Photo by James Rouse<lb /><lb />Washington, N.C. Shown outside the studio of<lb />WTOW Radio Station is the Minority Affair<lb />Committee at Washington Senior High School,<lb />who have a talk show on the radio each month.<lb /><lb />based perceptions alone. Call it<lb />the slave master mentality that<lb />still persists today...subconscious,<lb />perhaps, but there nonetheless.<lb />??oBut criticism shouldn't only lie<lb />with Whites, Blacks, too, ignored<lb />the principles of juris prudence<lb />and facts and determined his in-<lb />nocence solely on the basis of their<lb />racially based perceptions.<lb />??oWhite and Black responses in<lb />both cases couldn??Tt have been more<lb />predictable.??? Simpson??Ts attorneys<lb />say they plan to appeal his civil<lb />trial decision and are confident<lb />whatever punitive damages are<lb />assessed???? on top of the $8 mil-<lb />lion judgment, thaf'the decisions<lb /><lb />will be reversed on technicality.<lb /><lb />Meanwhile, Simpson hasn??Tt yet<lb />made a public statement, and at<lb />the urging of his lawyers, may<lb />simply go underground after the<lb />case is concluded.<lb /><lb />But once concluded, Simpson<lb />may well face another horrific<lb />dilemma,..a second shot by his<lb />former in-laws to gain custody of<lb />his two children. The civil trial<lb />verdict may well be enough for a<lb />new custody hearing, a staff mem-<lb />ber from attorney Johnnie<lb /><lb />Cochran??Ts office said. Cochran,who _<lb /><lb />successfully defended Simpson in<lb /><lb />his criminal trial was not avg -<lb /><lb />able for comment.<lb /><lb />a<lb /></p>
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          <lb /> ice NV<lb /><lb />faye<lb /><lb />Mrs. Beatrice Maye<lb /><lb />CONGRATULATIONS to JANIELLE,<lb />WILLIAM, AND JOHN ROBERT<lb />BRYAN!<lb />Parents:<lb />Bryan<lb /><lb />Grandparent: Mrs. Beatrice Maye<lb /><lb />William and Mamie Maye<lb /><lb />These children competed in the 1997<lb />Reflections Contst Program held at the<lb />Two Springs Elementary School,<lb />Bellvue, Nebraska. The children's eight<lb />entries will be submitted to the State<lb />Competition in Lincoln, Nebraska in<lb /><lb />Janielle, age 10, and John Robert, age<lb />six, were eines tn. the literature<lb />category. Janielle, William, age eight,<lb />and John Robert were winners in the<lb />Photography and Music categories.<lb /><lb />FEBRUARY'S<lb />PROGRAMS<lb /><lb />UPCOMING<lb /><lb />Sycamore Hill<lb /><lb />"African-American Extravaganza - 7<lb />Categories???<lb /><lb />St..Mark's, Martin County<lb /><lb />Literary program, highlighting Black's<lb />contributions, past and present<lb /><lb />Holly Hill<lb /><lb />African-American Progam, 6 p.m.,<lb />Sunday, February 9.<lb /><lb />St. REst Holiness Church, Winterville<lb />Milton Brown, a Winterville native,<lb />presently, principal, Connecticut Public<lb />School System<lb /><lb />Attire: Each Sunday, African mre<lb /><lb />New Deliverance Church, Ayden<lb />All Churches will jointly celebrate with<lb />speeches, music and skits<lb /><lb />Cornerstone<lb />Heritage Sunday, February 23. Dress<lb />according to your culture.<lb /><lb />Sunday, February 23, 6 p.m., "God's<lb />Trombones" Sandra Jones, Directress<lb /><lb />St. Gabriel's<lb /><lb />Feb. 23: Sr. Maxine Towns, S.A.,<lb />director, African-American Ministry and<lb />Evangelization, speaks, 11:00 Mass<lb /><lb />Reverent sympathy is expressed to the<lb />late "Jack" Harris family. The family's<lb />gratitude is expressed thusly: Words<lb />don't seem adequate to express just<lb />what your acts of kindness have meant<lb />tous. You have brought us great warmth<lb />and comfort during this difficult time.<lb />For all of your words of kindness, your<lb />helpful deeds, prayers and concerns -<lb />we simply say, Thank you and thank<lb />God for you all<lb />Mrs. Rosa Harris, wife<lb /><lb />Mrs. Frances Bullock and her daughter,<lb />Janet, Capt. C.J. Hardy, and family,<lb />Mrs. Mable Lang, and Mrs. pauline<lb />Anderson attended the Inauguration of<lb />President Clinton, January 20.<lb /><lb />Damien Brewington was awarded a<lb />$1,500 scholarship, Sunday, February<lb />2, 1997 at Sycamore Hill Baptist Church.<lb />Damien is the son of Gloria Brewington.<lb /><lb />COMA, cele tis ag<lb /><lb />ona oe ee ee cette eget remms ce zinnt pa sear<lb /><lb />mea se ERENT CPR RC ee<lb /><lb />Sia  Gaacbyn Nabeling: Capi; Stephen???<lb /><lb />Staton, and Daniel Bullock, Jr., were<lb />presenters at the Retirement Living<lb /><lb />i  Class taught by Beatrice Maye.<lb /><lb />A speedy recovery is extended to  Ms.<lb /><lb />Lucille Rich, Mr. Curtis Simpson, and -<lb /><lb />Dr. Garrie Moore.<lb /><lb />Our heartfelt sympathy goes to Mrs.<lb />Evelyn Lopez and her family also.<lb /><lb />HAPPY BIRTHDAY, MRS. ROSA<lb />BRADLEY!<lb /><lb />BLACK INVENTIONS<lb /><lb />L.S. Burridge, Typewriting Machine<lb />A. Miles, Elevator<lb /><lb />C.B. Brooks, Street sweeper<lb /><lb />J.L. Love, Pencil Sharpener<lb /><lb />Fred M. Jones, Removable<lb />refridgeration<lb />J.H. Smith, Lawn Sprinkler \.<lb /><lb />L.C. Bailey, Folding Bed<lb /><lb />W. Johnson, Egg Beater<lb /><lb />J.T. White, Lemon Squeezer<lb /><lb />A.L. Lewis, Window cleaner<lb /><lb />Granville T. Woods, Telephone system<lb />and apparatus<lb /><lb />W.B. Purvis, Fountain Pen<lb /><lb />John F. Pickering, Airship<lb /><lb />J.H. Sweetening, Device for rolling<lb />cigarettes<lb /><lb />J.A. Burr, Lawn mower<lb /><lb />Lewis H. Latimer, Electric Lamp<lb />W.H. Richardson, Child's carriage<lb />J.E. Matzeliger, Shoe lacing machine<lb />Isaac Johnson, Bicycle frame<lb /><lb />oe) eR EUR ar<lb />2<lb /><lb />and gas ; mask<lb /><lb />TJ. Marshall, Fire extenguisher<lb />Sarah Roone, Ironing ??"<lb />John Stanard, Reffidgerator<lb /><lb />By: Kwake Person-Lynn, PhD<lb />American African Inventions<lb /><lb />SOME AFRICAN-AMERICAN<lb />WOMEN MAKING A DIFFERENCE<lb /><lb />Note: Byno means are those mentioned<lb />any more important than the others<lb />locally.<lb /><lb />Pat Alexander, Cassandra Bell, Vernita<lb />Bowman, Rosa Bradley, Dr. Janet<lb />Bullock, Dede Carney, Shirley<lb />Carraway, Erma Carr, Patricia Clark,<lb />Eva Clayton, Jennifer Congleton,<lb />Mildred Council, Martha Dawson,<lb />Bernita Demery, Imogene Dupree,<lb />Karen Ellis, Barbara Fenner, Marjorie<lb />Gatlin, Mildred Elliott, Carolyn Ferebee,<lb />Lucille Gorham, Marion Gorham<lb />Wilkes, Mary Hardy, Velma Harris,<lb />Patricia Haynes, Helen Johnson,<lb />Sherrie Johnson, Virginia Jones,<lb />Dorothy Josey, Mable Lang, Pattie<lb />Leary, Valerie McCloud, Rebecca Oats,<lb />Clejetter Pickett, Sallye Streeter,<lb />Valerie Thomas, Effie Thompson, Isabel<lb />Wicker, Mary Lawrence Williams, Taffy<lb />Benson Clayton, Kimberly Moore<lb /><lb />Have You Names To Add? Let Me Have ,<lb />Them, Please.<lb /><lb />February.<lb /><lb />Burroughs,<lb /><lb />Black Feminist Thought. a Model<lb />of Black Women??Ts Activism.<lb />Nannie Helen Burroughs was<lb />born toex-slave parents and grand-<lb />parents in Culpepper, Virginia in<lb />May 1879, 14 years after the end of<lb />the Civil War. In 1883, after the<lb />death of her husband (John) and<lb />younger daughter, Jennie<lb />Burroughs moved to Washington,<lb />D.C. with her four year old daugh-<lb />ter Nannie Helen Burroughs. This<lb />move was prompted by Jennie<lb />Burrough??Ts desire to acquire the<lb />best education possible for her<lb />daughter. Nannie Helen<lb />Burroughs told an unknown White<lb />woman that wrote about her in a<lb />1922 publication entitled The Van-<lb />guard of a Race that her ??odream<lb />was to become a teacher, get mar-<lb />ried, have children, live near her<lb />mother and have a comfortable,<lb />quiet life??? (Vanguard of a Race,<lb />1922, p.6). Parts of this dream<lb />were delayed forever when the<lb />promised teaching job was re-<lb />tracted because of her skin color<lb />and economicstatus. Nannie Helen<lb />Burroughs would live to experi-<lb />_ ence prejudice from White Ameri-<lb />cans as well as anunfamiliar preju-<lb />dice from African Americans based<lb /><lb />Philippi, Farmville Blvd.<lb /><lb />continued from page one.<lb /><lb />on skin color and class prejudice.<lb />The experience of the accommo-<lb />dating color line set in Black<lb />America by Booker T. Washington<lb />wouldestablish permission for the<lb />overt practice of classism when<lb />Nannie Burroughs surprisingly<lb />was rejected for the job she was<lb />promised due to political class and<lb />shade of skin. The world would<lb />probably not have heard Nannie<lb />Helen Burrough??T s voice had she<lb />not been rejected for the job she<lb />really wanted by members of her<lb />own race based on the rules of<lb />inequality and injustice. Much of<lb />her life??Ts work occurred around<lb />the themes of skin color prejudice,<lb />class prejudice and social equality<lb />for all human beings. She was very<lb />much the social worker.<lb /><lb />In 1912 the National Council for<lb />Colored Women (NACW) had its<lb />first convention and Nannie Helen<lb />Burroughs headed the Depart-<lb />ment for Young Women??Ts Work. In<lb />1924, Nannie Helen Burroughs<lb />was asked by Mrs. Washington<lb />(Booker T. Washington??T s wife) to<lb />assist her in keeping the National<lb />Council for Colored Women free<lb />from Internal strife and Burroughs<lb />agreed, forif Internal conflicts dis-<lb /><lb />rupted the effectiveness of the or-<lb />ganization, gains made by the Af-<lb />rican American women would be<lb />lost. A very good friend of Burghs,<lb />Mary McLeod Bethune, was<lb />elected president of the National<lb />Council for Colored Women.<lb />Data for the study of Nannie<lb />Helen Burroughs was gathered<lb />from the Nannie Burroughs manu-<lb />script collection. ??oThe papers of<lb />Nannie Burroughs (1879-1961???<lb />Finding Aid, p.3 are located in the<lb />Library of Congress, Reading<lb />Room, Manuscript Division in<lb />Washington, D.C. The papers oc-<lb />cupy ??o 134.4 linear feet of shelf<lb />space and consist of approximately<lb />110,000 items??? (Finding Aid, p.3.).<lb />The Nannie Burroughs collection<lb />includes documents dated from<lb />1900 to 1961, with most of the<lb />material dated between the years<lb />??o1928 and 1960??? (Finding Aid, p.3).<lb />The majority of the letters in the<lb />general correspondence category<lb />relate to maintaining and operat-<lb />ing the school or deal with the<lb />activities and internal affairs of<lb />the Woman??Ts Convention.<lb />The controversy with the Na-<lb />tional Baptist Convention over the<lb />Continued on Page Four.<lb /><lb />Manager<lb /><lb />WILDER??TS EASTSIDE<lb />MOTORS<lb /><lb />2313 South Memorial Drive<lb />Greenville, NC<lb /><lb />Clee Wilder<lb /><lb />Saturday<lb /><lb />756-7821 °<lb /><lb />Breana Kittrell<lb />Sales Manager<lb /><lb />Monday - Friday 8:00 AM - 5:30 PM<lb />8:00 AM - 3:00 PM<lb /><lb />Come See Us Today ... We're anxious to<lb />have you riding!!!<lb /><lb />355-3401<lb />Fax: 355-8813<lb /><lb />sterol a<lb />aWrlieley (=<lb /><lb />African-America. Art<lb /><lb />HEAvNes<lb /><lb />EADLINES<lb /><lb />Bobby Hardy ° Representatvie<lb /><lb />919-758-4516 * 1-800-637-2403<lb /><lb />OLVF IED<lb /><lb />NOM Wiese<lb /><lb />Monday, ~Saturday 10-5 PM<lb /><lb />¢ Books ® Clothing * Carvings * Greek Paraphernalia * T-Shirts<lb /><lb />avet<lb />As featured on cove<lb /><lb />A we uf<lb />Vh , RoaNp | dead Has Aon<lb />ani Wa te the jitite wit<lb />\ po 4a Boeilde gy meets af wee  ae<lb />' Win Ne pat «Aly. eae ape<lb />1 pat ayes<lb />: = ost lolly Met 0 rarely owt Tr<lb />i Nant wd yan Mate 10 at stove??T<lb />sof Africare: Aare? aa gna deine er<lb />tthe vena Lent aaty, a wat cant aun rent OS!<lb />try Ue 18<lb />ees yreya® $22.00<lb />jos {oy We<lb />* site<lb />| Mandela ye Block ne Wess .<lb />Aw Ub stratcat Nen-raptey \yon at at yan n i gant? ty<lb />Nelson Mandela Me ge eet ah<lb />BY) Mowe thi 0) stoking phon pati Mal aw ie egseatt re | React ance Bach Woman<lb />tert driw from the ats Sher bi: qn ??o aya ??oy a ay tant le it UM bE finite ny<lb />Memoir, Loug Wel tty mn agony ORE coal ne . wl! Ai} tea artery wether dL anittes tO breast<lb />Mprecedented access to \ ee gna eevee ate tential! i 0 Mcin Anterieant por<lb />remarkable lite Feat Weaving  sn \ ?"? i" ??ohort by wt wn Wow ine ss . is ve sth veered .<lb />i ; salad ts shed Hinanes ot Mandela se want wr guns palliy.trionvormetiot, and medion!<lb />4 Hk HOt aprortl   iat et ;<lb />. determi pl rnc 4 Are 4 ahr ahivi at a berg \ a /   fuiyaat \ wD EE fobnson pre<lb />aH | Prod tather and yrancdiather, « he bewk beif fee Winters, onde vides hs into nigtion omg atefies<lb />  MM PrOMISING sPint ant aon Orel vem aptuite hey 7 fee ot eareer, dtd otters steahegties for<lb />é Hrpentant leaders (Awtobiograyny)|itie inn sec . Olt one I gene Patient ii 4 add sary rg thie<lb />doesn TERA<lb />RN: DMO 929.95 Von Sivke &amp; Pray Cbhichers<lb />AMNION, ye V4Vae $19.98<lb />' 410 Evans Street (Mall) © Greenville, NC 27834<lb />S ,<lb /><lb />Home Improvements<lb /><lb />e Cash Out<lb />ENCHMARK e Bill Consolidations<lb />| TERRE OIL See Sa UES e Refinances or Purchases<lb />| e Credit History Not Important<lb />e<lb /><lb />lst of 2nd Mortgages<lb />¢ Quick Approvals.<lb />¢ Programs for Self Employed<lb /><lb />Don't let past or present credit problems<lb />stand in your way. We pride ourselves in<lb />working one on one with our clients to<lb />insure you the savings you deserve.<lb /><lb />You could save yourself thousands of<lb /><lb />dollars by taking advantage of the current<lb /><lb />Z<lb />ul<lb />O.<lb />0<lb />a<lb />F<lb />N<lb />ul<lb />5<lb />ej<lb />6)<lb /><lb />7<lb /><lb />favorable interest rates. Call today and |<lb /><lb />will gladly discuss your options to save<lb /><lb />Call Today for FREE Consultation!<lb />Ph: 919-355-1177<lb /><lb />money.<lb /><lb />Black History Month<lb /><lb />; Sunni Ali Ber was the ruler of the Kingdom of Songhay. Under Sunni Ali Ber??Ts<lb />rule, Songhay grew from a small state into a very large kingdom. For 28 years this heroic warrior king<lb />constantly won more and more territory for his people. He is remembered as one of the greatest leaders in<lb />history.<lb /><lb />The Songhay empire began when Sunni Ali Ber came to power in 1464. At first, Songhay was a small<lb />state of Mali, ruled by Mansa Musa. One by one, Sunni Ali Ber of Songhay began conquering cities and<lb />capturing trade routes. His kingdom soon ruled over what had been Mali. The kingdom of Mali had many<lb />mines of gold and salt, some of the most valuable natural resources of ancient times.<lb /><lb />Like the great Mansa Musa of Mali, Sunni Ali Ber had a huge army. His government was well<lb />organized. Sunni Ali Ber set up courts of law, built roads, and made plans for feeding the poor. He also<lb />conquered many smaller kingdoms and forced them to pay taxes to the empire of Songhay. Every caravan<lb />that crossed the Niger River to Ethiopia and Egypt also was taxed. The kingdom of Songhay grew very rich.<lb /><lb />The great cities of the Mali empire remained strong under Sunni Ali Ber. When he first came to power,<lb />he destroyed and then rebuilt Mali??Ts capital, Timbuktu. He also conquered two other large cities, Gao and<lb />Jenne. All three cities were on or near the Niger River.<lb /><lb />Sunni Ali Ber??Ts dream was to create a kingdom that stretched across the entire width of Africa. He<lb />achieved much of his dream by building one of the largest, and wealthiest empires in history. Though he<lb />spent his lifetime making war, he was never defeated in battle. A skillful warrior, he attacked the small<lb />kingdoms along the trade routes to the east of Songhay.<lb /><lb />Sunni Ali Ber knew how to govern as well as how to win battles. The people whom he had conquered<lb />were treated well. He also often honored the rulers of the conquered kingdoms. Sunni Ali Ber even married<lb />the queen-mother of Jenne, one of the cities that he had conquered, so the people of Jenne would find it<lb />easier to follow his rule.<lb /><lb />Sunni Ali was different from former emperors of Mali in one very important way; he was not a loyal<lb />Muslim. He allowed the scholars and priests of Islam to keep the mosques open. And, he sometimes prayed<lb />at the mosques. Although he called himself a Muslim, Sunni Ali Ber was devoted to the religion and<lb />traditions of ancient Africa.<lb /><lb />Sunni Ali Ber kept his empire strong. His large army was  trained and ready for battle at all times. Under<lb />his command, workers built huge public projects. They also built public monuments and dug hundreds of<lb />canals to bring water from the Niger River to many farm fields.<lb /><lb />In 1492, Sunni Ali Ber went to look at one of his canal projects. He was never seen again. It was a tragic<lb />end to a life of great achievement. Sunni Ali Ber respected and defended African traditions. He made the<lb />Empire of Songhay one of the world??Ts largest and most powerful kingdoms.<lb /><lb />MEMORIAL COINS &amp; PAWN, INC.<lb />Corner of Memorial Dr. &amp; Dickinson Ave.<lb /><lb />Ph. 756-6767<lb />EAST CAROLINA COINS &amp; PAWN, INC.<lb />Corner of Dickinson Ave. &amp; Tenth St.<lb />Ph. 752-0322<lb />SOUTHERN GUN &amp; PAWN, INC.<lb />1014 North Green St.<lb /><lb />Ge  Ph. 752-2464<lb />(MB ALLCOLD CHAINS, BRACELETS, BARRINGS &amp; PENDANTS ell<lb /><lb /></p>
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          <lb />Flanagan-Perkins<lb />Funeral Homes<lb /><lb />Robersonville and Greenville -<lb /><lb />A Proud Sponsor of Black History Month<lb /><lb />From<lb /><lb />&amp; Memorial Chapels<lb /><lb />(ocations<lb /><lb />Serving Eastern North Carolina for over 75 years.<lb /><lb />Rev. David S. Hammond<lb />Owner/President<lb /><lb />Williamston, Bethel, and Belhaven<lb /><lb />Mother Peggy Hammond<lb />Ist Lady<lb /><lb />Representatives<lb /><lb />Mr. and Mrs. David Foreman<lb />(919) 244-1600<lb /><lb />Mr. David Henderson,<lb />(919) 943-2221 Belhaven<lb />(919) 745-3112 Robersonville<lb />(919) 809-4848 Williamston<lb /><lb />Staff Members<lb /><lb />Female Attendants<lb />Mrs. Vernelle Gaskins<lb />Ms. Illenne Wooten<lb />Mrs. Esther Sampson<lb />Ms. Joyce Tyson<lb />Ms. Tausca Williams<lb /><lb />Male Attendants<lb />Mr. Grady Gaskins, Funeral Director<lb /><lb />Deacon Jesse Sheppard<lb />Deacon Jasper Payton<lb />Bishop T.L. Davis<lb />Mr. James Dixon<lb />Minister Ralph Love, Jr.<lb />Bishop Ralph Love, Sr.<lb />Mr. Julius Madison<lb /><lb />Deacon Nathaniel Keyes j<lb /><lb />Mr. William Taft<lb />Mr. George Vines<lb />Mr. Cleveland Cox<lb />Mr. Daniel Roundtree<lb /><lb />Shown above is Rev. Hammond and Funeral Director, Mr. Ernest Perkins.<lb /><lb />The New Gray Fleet of Cars<lb /><lb />| aa : . ??oEwa<lb /><lb />4 rage : | ? ¢ Mi<lb />1 i , a<lb />wt<lb /><lb /># Jonrgan vr<lb />uneral<lb /><lb />Secretary/Receptionist, Ms. Joy R. Brown<lb /><lb />°F Y a Bx<lb />DAS Re<lb />fah<lb /><lb /></p>
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          <lb />ae eR Be<lb /><lb />sh (ae<lb /><lb />= Dwantyse young teens in<lb /><lb />seven, eight, and nine were<lb />mally introduced to the<lb />. ville community on Satur-<lb />day evening, December 14 during<lb />_ the twelfth Fashionetta Scholar-<lb />ship pagaent sponsored by the lota<lb /><lb />Omega Chapter of the Al-<lb />??oe Kappa Alpha Sorority, Inc.<lb />e cotillion was held in the Per-<lb />Arts Center at J. H. Rose<lb /><lb /> High School.<lb /><lb />Tamica LaShawn Smith daugh-<lb /> ter of Mr. and Mrs. Clifton Smith<lb />??owas crowned Miss Fashionetta 96<lb /> by Tywanna Lenise Jeffries win-<lb />ner in 1994. First runner-up was<lb />-Quisha Renee Mallette daughter<lb /><lb />cos oe Ss &amp;<lb /><lb />Tamica Smith ©<lb /><lb />Mt VOICE - ~ WEDNESDAY, FEBRUARY 12- ~ FEBRUARY 22, 1997<lb /><lb /> FASHIONETTA. PAGAENT °96<lb /><lb />of Dr. and Mrs. Julius Mallette.<lb />Ebony Nicole Pritchard, daughter<lb />of Mr. and Mrs. Clinton Pritchard<lb />was second runner-up. The con-<lb />testants chose Odetta Tandeiwai<lb />Locks as Miss Congeniality. Win-<lb />ners in the Art/essay contest were<lb />Waquia Nisaa Maultsby and<lb />Sophier Muranda Quinerly.<lb />Other contestants were Danetta<lb />Renee Applewhite, Theresa Kim-<lb />berly Bynum, Shenecca Cannon,<lb />Grecia Chareese Edwards, Sheron<lb />Nicole Hardy, Lanita Reesie<lb />Holsey, Kiandra Svonne Hunter,<lb />Monica Shari Joyner, JoAnne<lb />Lovanna Morgan, Ashely Rene<lb />Moye, Krystal Kenyetta Patterson,<lb /><lb />Shanell Renee Perkins, Fatimah<lb />Shahid-EI, Ashley Noelle Staten,<lb />Kimberly Karamoka Tyson,.<lb />Ashley Christina Weaver, and<lb />Leonce Marie Wilkins.<lb /><lb />Senior marshals and junior es-<lb />corts from area middle and high<lb />schools served with the contes-<lb />tants during the pageant.<lb /><lb />The bienniel affair is designed<lb />to help teenage girls financially<lb />prepare for college as well as de-<lb />velop characteristics of finer wom-<lb />anhood.<lb /><lb />Activities leading up to the pag-<lb />eant included a mother/daughter<lb /><lb />tea, a sundae social, Tar River<lb />Manor nursing home service<lb />project, a skating party, a health<lb />seminar, and a family worship<lb />Sunday. Fashionetta contestants,<lb />parents, and sorority members vis-<lb />ited Washington, D. C. October<lb />19-20. Historic site visitation in-<lb />cluded the White House tour, the<lb />Frederick Douglas Home, the<lb />Smithsonian Institution, and<lb />Howard University where the AKA<lb />Sorority was founded in 1908.<lb />The program included the playet<lb />??oThe African American Children<lb />are Coming,??? acreative dance rou<lb /><lb />tine, a step show, and jazz pianist<lb />Rudolph Tyson as guest.<lb /><lb />Steering committee members<lb />were Sharon Evans and Charetta<lb />Walls Co-chairpersons, Jennifer<lb />Congleton, Ann Dixon, Karen Ellis,<lb />Delilah Harris, Ella Harris, Bar-<lb />bara Johnson, Dorothy Jordan,<lb />Sharon Mallette, and Darlyn<lb />White, Gloria Hines and Helen<lb />Harrell.<lb /><lb />Committee chairs were: Fi-<lb />nance-Venus Johnson, Souvenir<lb />Booklet Ella Harris, Events??"Jen-<lb />nifer Congleton, Pageant-Sharon<lb />Mallette and Delilah Harris, Pho-<lb /><lb />tography/Gifts-Sondra Morris,<lb />Escorts-Dorothy Jordan and<lb /><lb />Rhonda Dennard, Tea/Socials-Bar-<lb /><lb />bara Ormond and Maxine Whit-<lb />ener, Historic Tour- Jean Carter,<lb />Sharon Evans, Charetta Walls.<lb /><lb />Gifts were presented each con-<lb />testant and.scholarships will be<lb />awarded upon their enrollment<lb />into post secondary education.<lb /><lb />The pageant culminated four<lb />months of cultural, educational<lb />and social activities sponsored for<lb />the young ladies, escorts, and their<lb />families.<lb /><lb />Karen Fllisis chapter president.*<lb /><lb />) ~<lb />Quisha Mallette<lb /><lb />Ebony Prichard<lb /><lb />Odetta Locks<lb /><lb />Krystal Patterson<lb /><lb />Kiandra Hunter<lb /><lb />Kimberly Bynum<lb /><lb />|<lb /><lb />s<lb /><lb />Ashley Staten<lb /><lb />Shenaca Cannon<lb /><lb />}<lb /><lb />Kimberly Tyson<lb /><lb />JoAnna Morgan<lb /><lb />Sheron Har dy<lb /><lb />Waquia Maultsby<lb /><lb />Sophier Quinerly<lb /><lb />Ashley Weaver<lb /><lb />} 2<lb />| 1<lb /><lb />??oDa Wie Applewhite<lb /><lb />Monica Joyner<lb /><lb />Fatimah Shahid-E<lb /><lb />Shanell Renee Perkins<lb /><lb />Leonce Wilkins<lb /><lb />Reesie Holsey<lb /><lb />Ashley Moye<lb /><lb />Women's Center presents thirteenth annual Art Exhibition<lb /><lb />The Women??Ts Center invites you<lb /><lb />) to attend a truly unique art exhi-<lb />bition, ??oThrough Women??Ts Eyes.???<lb />??oOver the past 13 years, this juried<lb />??oart show and sale has emerged as<lb />an established showcase of women<lb />artists from across North Caro-<lb />Aina. This significant exhibition<lb />serves to promote the talents, vi-<lb /><lb />- sions, and voices of women.<lb />??o Women??Ts Eyes??? is also<lb />ve ~ animportant fundraiser enabling<lb /><lb />_ © the Centerto provide valuable re-??T<lb /><lb />~ pources to women and families<lb />the community.<lb /><lb />q i<lb />ya<lb /><lb />es<lb />ie tite<lb /><lb />??oThrough Women??Ts Eyes??? will<lb />be available for viewing from Feb-<lb />ruary 20-28 at The George Watts<lb />Hill Alumni Center on the UNC-<lb />Chapel Hill Gmpus. Three excit-<lb />ing events will surround the show<lb /><lb />and sale. The leading function is<lb /><lb />the Coektail Buffet which will pro-<lb />vide the frst opportunity to view<lb />and purchase artwork. This event<lb />will be held Thursday, February<lb />20 from 6:30-8:30 p.m. The cost is<lb />$75 per person and $ 125 per spon-<lb />sor.<lb /><lb />The second gathering is a Lun-<lb /><lb />j<lb /><lb />i)<lb /><lb />cheon which will include the<lb />awards presentation. This event<lb />will be the first and only opportu-<lb />nity to purchase a variety of cen-<lb />terpieces created by local women<lb />artists. The pieces will range in<lb />price from $75-$200 and will in-<lb />clude pottery, sculptures, etched<lb />glass, decorative eggs, and hand<lb />painted tableware. This artwork<lb />is not part of the actual juried<lb />show and will only be available for<lb />sale at the luncheon. This event is<lb />scheduled for Friday, February 21<lb /><lb />from 10:00 a.m.-2:00 p.m. Tickets<lb />t<lb /><lb />are $40 per person and $60 per<lb />sponsor.<lb /><lb />The final event is the Meet the<lb />Artists Reception which will be<lb />held on Friday, February 21 from<lb />4:30-7:00 p.m. During this event,<lb />the Women??Ts Center will give away<lb />two free tickets to any of Midway<lb />Airline??Ts destinations across the<lb />United States as well as gift cer-<lb />tificates to Wellspring Grocery. All<lb />attendees of this reception are eli-<lb />gible for the drawing. Cog for this<lb />event is $8 in advance, $ 12 at the<lb />door, and exhibiting artists are<lb /><lb />admitted free of charge. Call Selna<lb />Berrier at (919) 968-4610 for more<lb />information regarding any of these<lb />events or for tickets.<lb /><lb />The Women??Ts Center will give<lb />away prizes in an At Show Raffle,<lb />some of which include:<lb /><lb />* Original painting by Beverly<lb />Dixon, well-known Triangle Area<lb />artist and long-time ??oThrough<lb />Women??Ts Eyes??? exhibitor<lb /><lb />* Colorfully handpainted round<lb />vase donated by Vietre, a women-<lb />owned business in Hillsborough<lb />which imports jpanderafted Ital-<lb /><lb />'<lb /><lb />ian ceramics<lb /><lb />* Pendant with precious stones<lb />and multi-colored golds on a ster-<lb />ling silver chain by: local artist<lb />Christine Lux<lb /><lb />* Gift Certificate for Roots CD??Ts<lb />and Vinyl<lb /><lb />* Dinner for two at Pyewacket<lb />Restaurant<lb /><lb />* Free massage from Susan<lb />O'Neal, CMT<lb /><lb />Raffle tickets cost $5 each or five<lb />tickets for $20 and are on sale now<lb />at the Women??Ts Center.<lb /><lb /></p>
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          <lb />Photo by James Rouse<lb />On asunny day at the Post Office you can run into<lb />alot of old friends, shown above is Doctor Patricia<lb />Brewer Formen, Principle of Agnes Fullylové &amp;<lb />Brother Grady, owner of Grannell Limousine<lb />Services. Borther Grady Limousine Service is<lb />available anytime.<lb /><lb />Brothers in Christ<lb /><lb />, J.<lb /><lb />Photo by James Rouse<lb />Rev. Herb Gardner, owner of Gardner Bail Bonding<lb />Company is shown with another area Minister<lb />discussing God??Ts Business in front of Gardner Bail<lb />Bonding Company. The answer to a lot of our<lb />problems is in the ??ogood book,??? just read it.<lb /><lb />iaaiaeaie 2<lb /><lb />FAMILY RESOURCE<lb />COORDINATOR<lb /><lb />The newly funded Bethel Family Resource Center<lb />is seeking candidates for the position of Family<lb />Resource Coordinator. The Coordinator<lb />administers and coordinates programs and<lb />services of this new agency. Qualifications for this<lb />grant funded position include a bachelor??Ts degree<lb />in a human services field and at least two to five<lb />years experience in administration, supervision,<lb />program development, fundraising and/or family<lb />services. Candidates must have good interpersonal<lb />skills and abilities to work with people from<lb />diverse backgrounds. Salary range: $22,000 -<lb />$26,000. Applications may be picked up at the<lb />Bethel Family Resource Center located in Bethel,<lb />North Carolina.<lb /><lb />919-825-1110<lb /><lb />Application deadline is February 28, 1997.<lb /><lb />&amp; MANY OTHERS<lb /><lb />[THE SHOE OUTLET<lb /><lb />??othe little store with big savings???<lb /><lb />LARGE SELECTION OF SHOES FOR THE<lb />ENTIRE FAMILY! ,<lb /><lb />LADIES NAME BRAND LEATHER<lb />SHOES...........<lb /><lb />FOR MEN|...<lb /><lb />ALLEN EDMONDS/BOSTONIAN<lb />STACEY ADAMS/COLE HAAN/BALLY<lb /><lb />MOST PRICED 75% OFF REG. PRICE<lb />??oQuality Shoes at Budget Prices???<lb /><lb />ON THE CORNER OF 9TH &amp; WASHINGTON STREETS. |<lb /><lb />reve ee 315 - $19<lb /><lb />legal status of the school receives<lb />considerable attention until 1948<lb />when Reverend Jemison puts and<lb />end to the matter. Many of the<lb />letters reflect Nannie Helen<lb />Burrough??Ts views on education, the<lb />role of the church, and the eco-<lb />nomic, social, and political posi-<lb />tions of African Americans in this<lb />country. Letters are exchanged<lb />with the National League of Re-<lb />publican Colored Women, various<lb />housewives of the time, National<lb />Association of Wage Earners, na-<lb />tional committees, including the<lb />1932 Committee on Negro Hous-<lb />ing of the President??Ts Conference<lb />on Home Building and Home Own-<lb />ership. ??oCorrespondents in the<lb />Nannie Burroughs papers include<lb />Mary McLeod Bethune (personal<lb />and professional), Oscar DePriest,<lb />James H. Dillard, Williams<lb />Pickens of the Black Press, Adam<lb />Clayton Powell, Sr.,and Dr. Ralph<lb />Abernathy??? (Finding Aid, p.7) to<lb />name but a few.<lb /><lb />The financial file is the most<lb />diverse of the categories of the<lb />Burroughs papers. ??oIn addition to<lb />the personal financial affairs of<lb />Burroughs, the file include the fi-<lb />nancial records of.the Women??Ts<lb />Convention, the National Trade<lb />and Professional School, the pa-<lb />pers of Cooperative Industries, the<lb />National Association of Wage<lb />Earners, and the National League<lb />of Republican Colored Women???<lb />(Finding Aid, p.5). Financial<lb />records of the commercial ventures<lb />and tuition for students are also<lb />available. The student records se-<lb />ries is a volume containing the<lb />scholastic achievements of the first<lb />students. The file contains letters<lb />from individuals seeking informa-<lb />tion about the school, complete<lb />enrollment records from 1909-1910<lb />through 1930-1931. Transcripts<lb />and listings of student grades are<lb />also included.<lb /><lb />Nannie Helen Burroughs wrote<lb />many publications, speeches and<lb /><lb />_ in 1934 she launched The Worker<lb /><lb />as a missionary magazine and<lb />teaching tool. The circulation of<lb />The Worker grew to over 100,000<lb />under the direction of Burroughs.<lb />The staff at the Burroughs Ad-<lb /><lb />??T ministration Center for the school<lb /><lb />state that The Worker is the larg-<lb />est fund-raiser for the school even<lb />today. In addition, the collection<lb />includes a number of speeches<lb />made by the dynamic writer and<lb /><lb />speaker. The collection includes<lb />all available orders for publica-<lb /><lb />tions, instructional literature, and<lb />procedural information for the or-<lb />ganization Baptist groups. Also<lb />available to this researcher was<lb />the staff person who received and<lb />filed all of the material, as well as<lb />a printed list of all of the 307 boxes<lb />with descriptions of the material<lb />in each box and microfilm mate-<lb />rial.<lb /><lb />Black newspapers were re-<lb />searched for articles written by<lb /><lb />758-7609<lb /><lb />Burroughs, Continued from page wo.<lb /><lb />and about Nanny Helen<lb />Burroughs. The Colored Ameri-<lb />can, The Richmond Planet, The<lb />Black Republican, The Pacific Ap-<lb />peal, The Baltimore Afro-Ameri-<lb />can, The Washington Afro Ameri-<lb />can, The New York Afro American<lb />and the Pittsburgh Courier pro-<lb />vide valuable information about<lb />Nannie Helen Burroughs, the Af-<lb />rican-American community and<lb />society at-large during her life-<lb />time.<lb /><lb />Alice Smith, a student of the<lb />National Training School for<lb />Women and Girls, a worker at the<lb />school beyond her educational<lb />years and a confidante of Nannie<lb />Helen Burroughs wasinterviewed<lb />at the Park Nursing Home in Feb-<lb />ruary, 1993. Smith came to the<lb />school at a very young age and<lb />stayed with Nannie Burroughs<lb />until Burroughs died in 1961.<lb /><lb />The history of Nannie Helen<lb />Burroughs, is intertwined with the<lb />history of other African women. In<lb />America the role of educator<lb />seemed reserved for African<lb />American women. Nannie Helen<lb />Burroughs fulfilled that role, and<lb />many others, for a full lifetime.<lb />African American and White in-<lb />tellectuals and educators believed<lb />that African American females<lb />would ultimately provide the ma-<lb />jor support system for the black<lb />race. Schools were founded to meet<lb />what was considered to be the spe-<lb />cial needs of Black women. Among<lb />those schools was the National<lb />Training School for Women and<lb />Girls in Washington, D.C., previ-<lb />ously named The Nannie<lb />Burroughs School for Colored<lb />Girls. The Nannie Helen<lb />Burroughs School for Colored girls<lb />contributed much to the uplifting<lb />of the Black race. The Nannie<lb />Helen Burroughs School for Col-<lb />ored Girls came out of the Amen-<lb />can Black Baptist Church expen-<lb />ence and the Black female activist<lb />movement to uplift Black fami-<lb />hes.<lb /><lb />Sophie B. Packard and Harnet<lb />Giles (two white women) chose At-<lb />lanta as the site for an industrial<lb />school for women (Spelman) be-<lb />cause of its healthful climate, rail-<lb />road connections and the spirit of<lb />enterprise (Neverdon-Morton,<lb />19~9). Nannie Helen Burroughs<lb />chose Washington, D.C. as the site<lb />for The Nannie H. Burroughs<lb />School for Colored Girls because it<lb />was the Nation??Ts capital. She be-<lb />lieved that if the school was in the<lb />nation??Ts capital it would send a<lb />message to all African American<lb />girls that the school was available<lb />regardless of political connection<lb />and economic status. The school<lb />was available for all African Ameni-<lb />can girls and women.<lb /><lb />The training aspect of African<lb />American education for women fell<lb />in line with the Booker T. Wash-<lb />ington philosophy which was as-<lb />cendant in this period. Funds for<lb /><lb />4 :<lb /><lb />chairs for the students to sit in,<lb />dishes for them to eat out of and<lb />they had failed to raise fifty dol-<lb />lars a month for a teacher of mu-<lb />sic. Therefore, Burroughs did not<lb />think the Convention men were in<lb />the position to assume the man-<lb />agement of the school. Further,<lb />Burroughs pointed out that if the<lb />Convention men had read the  <lb />Charter they would know that the<lb />officers of the Baptist Convention<lb />men hold no voice and no vote in<lb />the school Board meetings. The<lb />National Training School was a<lb />national educational ideal and the<lb />only educational institution oper-<lb />ated by the race forits women and.<lb />girls. All the other schools for Black<lb />girls were operated by White:<lb />people for the race (Pittsburgh<lb />Courier, 1928, p. 1).  <lb /><lb />Nannie Helen Burroughs stated ??"<lb />her thoughts in simple, straight-<lb />forward terms. Audiences easily<lb />understood the thoughts, feelings<lb />and commitments of this new kind<lb />of woman in her time. There was |<lb />no guessing about where she stood.<lb />If she thought there was any<lb />chance of one??Ts misunderstanding<lb />what she was saying, she gave<lb />examples, parables and parables<lb />to clarify her view or her point.<lb />She stood on her convictions and<lb />her beliefs whether or not other<lb />people, Black or White, agreed or<lb />felt positively or negatively about<lb />the matter. Nannie Burroughs con-<lb />stantly urged Americans to reas-<lb />sess their values, to cease associ-<lb />ating labor with slavery and seek<lb />equality for all humans and to<lb />regard labor as dignified and _a..<lb />means to economic independence<lb />rather than a reason to subjugate.<lb />She believed that the Negro spent<lb />too much time concerning itself<lb />with the emulation of White folks.<lb />She encouraged her students to be<lb />authentic. Harrison ( 1929) de-<lb />scribed Nannie Helen Burroughs<lb />in the following manner: Nannie<lb />Burroughs is brilliant as a whip,<lb />as keen as a razor, as rugged asa<lb />cross-cut saw, as stubborn as'a<lb />mule, as impatient as a race horse,<lb />as steady as an ox, as wise as a<lb />serpent, but as harmless asa dove,<lb />as sweet as arose, and as gentle as<lb />a lamb, so long as you do not rub<lb />the fur the wrong way.<lb /><lb />Qh yes, Nannie Burroughs for- ©<lb />gives, but she never forgets. She<lb />can do things, say things and to<lb />places and knows it. She can lead,<lb />drive or drag, whichever the situ-<lb />ation demands. She can make<lb />plans and she can carry them out.<lb />These characteristics, natural and<lb /><lb />acquired, have contributed to the<lb />uniqueness of her life of service<lb />which has been fertile and refresh-<lb />ing.<lb /><lb />Dr. Nannie Helen Burroughs??T<lb />life was studied for dissertational<lb />purposes by Dr. Bass. However,<lb />the life of Dr. Burroughs is now a<lb />passionate endeavor for Dr. Bass.<lb /><lb />Black schools were easier to come<lb />by if one??Ts curricular ??obuckets???<lb />were cast in the Washingtonian<lb />mold. Morals and education were<lb />deemed necessary if African<lb />Americans were to emerge from<lb />the pit of poverty (Giddings, 1984).<lb />Nannie Helen Burroughs, like<lb />other African American women of<lb />Washington??Ts time, held ambiva-<lb />lent attitudes toward him though<lb />elements of his stance were at-<lb />tractive. Nannie Helen Burroughs<lb />deeply believed in Washington??Ts<lb />philosophy of Black self-help, mu-<lb />tual aid, and racial pride. As a<lb />school founder and educator, she<lb />was not opposed to Washington??Ts<lb />ideas of industrial education. Be-<lb />fore making gifts to Negro Col-<lb />leges, prospective White donors<lb />sought Washington??Ts assurance<lb />that their monies would be ear-<lb />marked for this kind of education<lb />(Bennett, 1971). African American<lb />women were influenced by<lb />Washington??Ts formidable presence<lb />but never became captives of the<lb />famed Washington machine. From<lb />the very beginning of Washington??Ts<lb />national acclaim, African Ameni-<lb />can women, like Burroughs, ex-<lb />pressed conditional praise for his<lb />achievement.<lb /><lb />Nannie Helén Burroughs gave<lb />clear and consistent messages<lb />when she disagreed with Booker<lb />T. Washington??T s suggestion that<lb />theschool be built in the South. He<lb />supported his suggestion with the<lb />idea that the school was needed in<lb />the south and could only survive<lb />in the south. Burroughs was ada-<lb />mant that the school should be a<lb />national school and should be lo-<lb />catedin the Nation??Ts Capital where<lb />all women and girls would have<lb />access and feel welcomed. To agree<lb />with Washington in 1906 was to<lb />be assured federal funds and to<lb />disagree was to be without federal<lb />educational support. Burroughs<lb />followed her own mind and sought<lb />funding in other ways.<lb /><lb />A second activist, non-<lb />accommodationist life event was<lb />the question and battle of who<lb />owned the school. It took eighteen<lb />years, from 1920 to 1938 for the<lb />Baptist men to realistically chal-<lb />lenge Burroughs for ownership of<lb />the school. Every time they brought<lb />the issue of ownership to the Bap-<lb />tist Convention floor, Burroughs<lb />was there to speak her mind. The<lb />Baptist men who frowned on the<lb />initial effort to build the school<lb />attempted to seize the achieve-<lb />ment. The National Baptist Con-<lb />vention, Incorporated, (all males)<lb />demanded that the trustees of the<lb />National Training School for<lb />Women and Girls, Incorporated,<lb />surrender their charter and turn<lb />the school over to the males to<lb />own, manage and control.<lb />Burrough??Ts response to the Bap-<lb />tist males was that they had been<lb />unsuccessful in raising money for<lb /><lb />a<lb /><lb />working with<lb /><lb />Salary range: $17,000<lb /><lb />Carolina -<lb /><lb />OUTREACH WORKER<lb /><lb />The newly funded Bethel Family Resource<lb />Center is seeking candidates for the position<lb />of Outreach Worker. The Outreach Worker<lb />performs specialized case management and<lb />family support service work. Qualifications<lb />for this grant funded position include an<lb />associate??Ts degree in a human services field<lb />and at least two to three years experience in<lb />the<lb />support/service work, and case management.<lb />- $21,000. Applications<lb />may be picked up at the Bethel Family<lb />Resource Center located in Bethel, North<lb /><lb />919-825-1110<lb />Application deadline is February 28, 1997.<lb /><lb />\,.<lb /><lb />public, family<lb /><lb />PART-TIME OFFICE ASSISTANT<lb /><lb />The newly funded Bethel Family Resource Center<lb />is seeking candidates for the position of a part-time<lb />Office Assistant. The part-time Office Assistant will<lb />act as receptionist for the Bethel Family Resource<lb />Center and will perform, other duties such as filing,<lb />telephone contacts, management otf forms, data<lb />entry, and information and referral. Qualifications<lb />for this grant funded position include a high school<lb />diploma, some proficiency with computers,<lb />knowledge of standard office equipment, good<lb />writing, speaking, interpersonal, and problem-<lb />solving skills. This person must also be able to set<lb />up and operate an office. Salary range: $8,320.<lb />Applications may be picked up at the Bethel Family<lb />Resource Center located in Bethel, North Carolina<lb /><lb />919-825-1110<lb />Application deadline is February 28, 1997.<lb /><lb /></p>
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          <lb /> Black History Month<lb /><lb />RNecertiti<lb /><lb />led from 1379 B.C. to 1362 B.C.<lb /><lb />-<lb />.<lb /><lb />Ge Queen Nefertiti, of Egypt, was one of the most beautiful women in history.<lb /><lb />We know how beautiful she was because a statue of her still exists. The statue<lb />shows Nefertiti??Ts lovely face, large dark eyes, graceful neck, and her jewelled collar and headdress.<lb />This statue is famous, and a prized symbol of ancient Egypt.<lb /><lb />Queen Nefertiti was as powerful as she was beautiful. She was married to the Pharaoh<lb />Akhenaton. But she also had a great deal of power. In the temples that were built at that time, there<lb />are more pictures of Nefertiti than of Akhenaton, her husband.<lb /><lb />Where did Nefertiti get her power from? Like Akhenaton, she came from an Egyptian royal<lb />family. Since Nefertiti was of royal blood, she was also thought to be a goddess. From historic<lb />writings, we know that people sometimes prayed to her.<lb /><lb />Like her husband, Queen Nefertiti followed the religion of Aton. She also believed that the<lb />pharaohs could mix with ordinary people. Nefertiti and her husband often went together with their<lb />six daughters. Nefertiti also helped to raise Tutankhamon, a royal prince. Eventually, one of her<lb />daughters married Tutankhamon.<lb /><lb />After Akhenaton had been the pharaoh for about twelve years, he and Queen Nefertiti drifted<lb />apart. She moved into a separate palace. Nefertiti no longer appeared with Akhenaton in public as<lb />his royal wife. We do not know the reason for this change. It is possible that her noble family had<lb />begun to join with those who were against Akhenaton.<lb /><lb />Queen Nefertiti lived for several years after the death of Akhenaton. It is believed that she<lb />might have ruled Egypt for a few months because there are some drawings of Nefertiti which show<lb />her dressed as a pharaoh. Nefertiti also lived through the reign of Tutankhamon, better known as<lb />??oKing Tut,??? and was still very powerful.<lb /><lb />Queen Nefertiti??Ts story tells us a lot about what royal life in ancient Egypt was really like.<lb />Even though the pharaoh was supposed to be a god, noble families like Nefertiti??Ts held the real<lb />power. These noble families even arranged marriages for their children in order to increase the<lb />families power and wealth.<lb /><lb />Queen Nefertiti was a woman with a great deal of wealth and power. She helped to rule Egypt<lb />not only through her husband, but also through her daughters. It is very likely that Queen<lb />Nefertiti??Ts name will be remembered in history because she was beautiful. More importantly, she<lb />_ was strong during a time when women weren't supposed to be.<lb /><lb />WESTERN-SOUTHERN LIFE<lb /><lb />Family Protection Savings Growth<lb /><lb />2331 Professional Dr. ¢ Rocky Mount, NC<lb /><lb />1-800-537-8589<lb /><lb />Black History Month<lb /><lb />fllansa flusa 1<lb /><lb />ruled from 1312 to 1337<lb /><lb />= gtk<lb />1 ~ The Kingdom of Mali was in western Africa, along the banks of the Niger River.<lb />| Thousands of years ago, Mali was one of the richest kingdoms in the world. The Emperor Mansa Musa was<lb />| Mali??Ts greatest ruler. Under Mansa Musa??Ts reign, Mali grew to be as large as western Europe.<lb /><lb />Mali grew rich because it had many natural resources, including gold and salt. The people of Mali were<lb />| also famous for making tools and weapons from iron. Mali traded iron weapons, gold, salt, kola nuts, and<lb />other goods with Ethiopia and other African kingdoms. Mansa Musa and the other rulers of Mali controlled<lb />the trade routes that criss-crossed Africa. A trade route that went from west to east, just below the Sahara<lb />Desert, was the most important.<lb /><lb />Ideas as well as goods crossed the African continent. A new religion, Islam, was adopted. Under Mansa<lb />Musa??Ts reign, the Kingdom of Mali became an Islamic nation. Mansa Musa made Timbuktu, the largest city<lb />in the kingdom, a world famous center for Islamic studies. Scholars came from all over Africa and Asia to<lb />study there. The city had many beautiful mosques. Mansa Musa??Ts respect for the Islamic religion made all of<lb />this possible.<lb /><lb />Mansa Musa was a strong and just ruler. His kingdom was very well-organized. One of the reasons for<lb />his success was that a the large number of people in his kingdom were able to read and write in Arabic. The<lb />Islamic scribes, or writers, kept records of everything that happened during Mansa Musa??Ts rule. Because of<lb />Mansa Musa??Ts scribes, we know many details about his rule. We know that he had a huge army of over<lb /><lb />100,000 men, including a cavalry of 10,000 men. We also know that his kingdom signed many treaties and<lb />collected many taxes. It is also known that rulers, all around Mali, paid taxes to the great Emperor Mansa<lb />Musa.<lb /><lb />The most important event in Mansa Musa??Ts life was his pilgrimage to Mecca. This journey took place in<lb />1324. Mecca is the holiest city of Islam. It is the desire of all Muslims to make a pilgrimage to this city.<lb /><lb />On his pilgrimage, Mansa Musa travelled with a huge caravan that had at least 10,000 people and<lb />thousand of animals, The caravan had 1(0 camels just to carry the gold that the Emperor used during for his<lb /><lb />trip. This huge group of people and animals traveled over a thousand miles to reach Cairo, the capital of<lb />Egypt. There, Mansa Musa gave gifts to all the rulers and many of the people he met. It was said that he<lb />brought so much gold into Cairo that the price of gold went down for the following ten years.<lb /><lb />From Cairo, Mansa Musa went on to Mecca and visited the holy places of Islam. He then returned to<lb />Mali. His journey attracted the attention of people in Asia and Europe. No one could imagine so much gold<lb /><lb />and fabulous wealth being carried by this African king and his caravan.<lb /><lb />Mansa Musa helped to open the eyes of the world to Africa. During his time, he was one of the most<lb />powerful men on earth. He helped to spread the religion of Islam. And he built a mighty kingdom that lasted<lb />for hundreds of years. Truly, the Emperor Mansa Musa was one of the greatest rulers of history.<lb /><lb />HEADLINE HAIR CARE PRODUCTS<lb /><lb />HAIRLOX<lb />PRODUCTS<lb />At Very Special Prices<lb /><lb />\<lb /><lb />Come in or call us at 919-752-3462 for courteous service<lb /><lb />HEADLINES HAIR CARE PRODUCTS<lb />3101 East 10th Street, Greenville, NC 27824<lb /><lb />Menelik JJ<lb /><lb />ruled from 1889 to 1913<lb /><lb />European countries. But, Menelik II helped his ancient kingdom to remain free.<lb /><lb />Menelik was born in 1844. His name at birth was Sahaba Mariem. Sahaba??Ts father was a prince of Shoa,<lb />a small state that was part of the Ethiopian kingdom. At the time that Sahaba was born, the kingdom of<lb />Ethiopia had been broken up into several smaller states.<lb /><lb />In 1847, Sahaba??Ts father became the King of Shoa. However, he was killed in a battle with the<lb />Ethiopians in 1855. The people of Shoa then chose the young Sahaba to be their new king. But Sahaba<lb />became a ??oking??? in title only. The Ethio pian Emperor Tewodros II held all the power.<lb /><lb />Tewodros captured the young king of Shoa and took him to his palace to be raised. The Emperor even<lb />gave Sahaba his daughter in marriage. Though Tewodros treated him well, Sahaba longed to return home.<lb />His chance came on July 1, 1865. On that date, Sahib escaped and went back to Shoa. The people of Shoa<lb />welcomed him and once again crowned him their king.<lb /><lb />In time, a new emperor, John IV, came to the throne of Ethiopia. Like Tewodros, John IV also tried to<lb />conquer Shoa. John IV succeeded, but he was still afraid of the powerful Sahaba. So, John IV made an<lb />agreement with Sahaba. If he should die first, Sahaba would then be permitted to rule Ethiopia. John IV also<lb />had one of his sons marry Sahaba??Ts daughter.<lb /><lb />When John IV was killed in battle in 1889, Sahaba rose to the throne of the Ethiopian kingdom. The<lb />new Emperor gave himself the new name Menelik II. He wanted to remind people that he was descended<lb />from Menelik I, the son of King Solomon and the Queen of Sheba.<lb /><lb />Menelik II was a very modern king for his ancient country. He brought many things to Ethiopia<lb />from the outside world. He welcomed many European people, such as missionaries and traders into his<lb />kingdom. However, he made it a point to preserve the African traditions<lb /><lb />The European country that was most interested in Ethiopia was Italy. Menelik II had signed a treaty with<lb />Italy, when he came to the throne. He had worked hard to build a strong and modern Ethiopian army. When<lb />Italy broke the treaty and invaded Ethiopia in 1895, Menelik II??Ts army drove the Italians back. Menelik and<lb />his troops finally defeated the Italians at the Battle of Adawa in 1896.<lb /><lb />Menelik then turned his attention to adding more land to his kingdom. He conquered lands to the south,<lb />east, and west. During his reign, Menelik II ruled over what are now parts of Somalia, Kenya, and the Sudan,<lb />In all the lands that he ruled, Menelik II built schools, hospitals, factories, and railroads.<lb /><lb />Menelik II showed that it was possible to bring modern ideas into a very ancient world. Though Menelik<lb />had very little schooling, he brought modern education to his people. He took the best that Europe had to<lb />offer and used it to develop his country. But, he kept Ethiopia free of European rule. Menelik IT was truly one<lb />of the most enlightened rulers in the history of modern Africa.<lb /><lb />J<lb />ETOME 4 BARBER &amp;<lb />STYLING SHOP<lb /><lb />1222 Grimesland, NC 27834<lb /><lb />Thursday &amp; Friday 9 - 6<lb />Saturday 8-6<lb /><lb />Serving You Since 1983<lb />919 - 754-2722<lb /><lb />Black History Month<lb /><lb />Akhenaton<lb /><lb />Ri ruled from about 1379 B.C. to 1362 B.C.<lb /><lb />At the end of the 19th century, Menelik II was the Emperor of Ethiopia. This wasa<lb />particularly difficult period for Africa. At the time, almost all the countries of Africa were under the rule of |<lb /><lb />nitinivniin<lb /><lb />&amp; In about the year 1393 B.C., a son was born to the Pharaoh Amenhetop III and<lb />Queen Tiy. They named him Amenhetop. Prince Amenhetop was later to become better known as<lb />Akhenaton. Akhenaton changed the course of Egyptian history. He made his mark by reforming Egypt's<lb />religious laws.<lb /><lb />For thousands of years, the people of Egypt had believed in many gods. Most of their gods??T names stood<lb />for things in nature. Nut, for example, was the goddess of the sky. Thoth was the moon god. Amon-Ra, or<lb />Amen, was the sun god.<lb /><lb />Akhenaton began his rule in 1379 B.C. At first, he shared the throne with his father, and called himself<lb />Amenhetop IV, Both Amenhetop III and his son were named after the god Amen, the sun god. But the<lb />younger pharaoh believed there was only one god, who he named Aton. Aton was greater than the sun. He<lb />was the god of the whole universe.<lb /><lb />After his father died, Amenhetop IV made the religion of Aton the official religion of Egypt. He also<lb />built a new capital city and filled it with temples to honor Aton. And, at this time, he changed his own name<lb />to Akhenaton. ;<lb /><lb />The new pharaoh made it illegal to have a name that honored any other god. Temples and statutes to all<lb />other gods were removed and destroyed. His father??Ts name was also removed from statues because it<lb />honored another god.<lb /><lb />In ancient Egypt, the pharaoh was thought to be a god. So Akhenaton??Ts actions angered the people of the<lb />kingdom. The priests of the old gods were especially angry. So were many of the common people, such as<lb />the farmers who prayed to the Nile River every spring.<lb /><lb />Akhenaton??Ts religion was the center of his life. Every morning at sunrise, as a choir sang hymns, he and<lb />his family arose to watch the day begin. When the sun was at its highest point, there was a second ceremony,<lb />and still another ceremony at sunset. Akhenaton even wrote some of the dazzling hymns that were sung at<lb />these ceremonies.<lb /><lb />Another important part of Akhenaton??Ts life was his family. Akhenaton loved his beautiful wife, Queen<lb />Nefertiti, and their six daughters very much. Though the pharaohs of Egypt had seldom mixed with ordinary<lb />people before, he often appeared with his family in public. Many priests, nobles, and even common people<lb />did not approve of Akhenaton??Ts new ways.<lb /><lb />Unfortunately, Akhenaton was so involved in his new projects that he did not pay enough attention to<lb />ruling. During his reign, Egypt lost much of its land to other nations. And his beliefs divided the people of<lb />his kingdom.<lb /><lb />By the time Akhenaton died at the age of 31, most Egyptians had turned against him. Still, Akhenaton<lb />changed history. He challenged the power of the priests who had controlled Egypt's religion for thousands of<lb />years. He gave his people a new way to view the world. He showed the Egyptians the human side of the<lb />pharaoh. Akhenaton, armed with courage and driven by strong beliefs, showed that being a human pharaoh<lb />did not mean being weak.<lb /><lb />Firestone<lb />ABNIDGESTONE<lb /><lb />PUGHS<lb /><lb />TIRE &amp; SERVICE CENTER, INC.<lb />DOWNTOWN<lb />SAMMY PUGH<lb /><lb />Vice-President<lb /><lb />* TIRES &amp; ACCESSORIES<lb />* CUSTOM WHEELS<lb />* COMPLETE AUTOMOTIVE C<lb /><lb />Corner 5th &amp; Greene St.<lb />Greenville, NC 27834<lb /><lb />919-752-6125<lb /><lb /></p>
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          <lb />_ 8=THE 'M" VOICE - = WEDNESDAY, FEBRUARY 12 - FEBRUARY 22, 1997<lb /><lb />Support the Black Press Read Wine °°??? Voic e<lb /><lb />icon-American<lb />istory Month<lb /><lb />THE CROSSROADS<lb /><lb />MDA ??" where help and hope meet.<lb /><lb />WIDFA Muscular Dystrophy Association<lb />1-800-572-1717<lb /><lb />NOTICE OF<lb />NONDISCRIMINATION<lb /><lb />: ville Housing Authority complies with all federal a<lb />11, laws. The Authority does not knowingly<lb />  with regard to race, color, creed,<lb />tional origin, handicap or familial<lb />piiance with 504 Program is observed.<lb />- is available for the deaf.<lb /><lb />Vie EQUAL HO<lb />-4009 USI<lb /><lb />OPPORTUN!<lb /><lb />ram<lb /><lb />Elijah J. McCoy (4843-1929)<lb /><lb />Mechanical engineer and inventor of self lubricating machine<lb /><lb />KIDS ACADEMY<lb /><lb />Salutes Black History Month<lb /><lb />Benjamin Banncker (1731-1806)<lb />Was a surveyor on the six man team which helped<lb />design ( the blueprints for Washington, D.C.<lb /><lb />Shelby J. Davidson (1869-1931)<lb /><lb />Inve Pnte d the adding machine<lb /><lb />Drew (1904-1950)<lb /><lb />yng term preservation<lb /><lb />Dr. Charles Ric hard<lb /><lb />Develope d a tet hni<lb /><lb />BONDING CO.<lb />??oIn Jail<lb />We Bail???<lb /><lb />of blood plasma<lb /><lb />Hlumpfrey H. Reynolds<lb /><lb />  ; . | in. |<lb />Patented an improved window ventilator for railroad cars<lb /><lb />1798 N.<lb />Greene St.<lb /><lb />Woods (1856-1910)<lb /><lb />Granville |<lb />| d telephone transmitter<lb /><lb />tfatented au imp<lb /><lb />7 7 4 42 4 Sarah E. Goode<lb />5 = Patented a folding cabinet bed<lb />Toll Free i<lb />= 0) Lewis Lf. Latimer (1848 - 1928)<lb />1 -800- f 68-11 30 Patented the first cost-ellicient method for pro-<lb /><lb />ducing carbon filaments for electric lights<lb /><lb />Staff,<lb /><lb />Miss Cogdell, Mamie Edge, Miss Tyson,<lb />Miss Elbert, Miss Clark, Doris Edward,<lb />Miss Harper.<lb /><lb />It's not just African-American History.<lb />Its American History.<lb /><lb />onalds |<lb /><lb />*<lb /><lb />we iain sia<lb /><lb />Male<lb /><lb />I<lb /><lb />Rate<lb /><lb />15/0<lb /><lb />Annual<lb />Percentage<lb /><lb />Yield<lb /><lb />630% Gl"<lb />Annua Rate<lb />Percentage<lb /><lb />Yield<lb /><lb />LM<lb /><lb />Rate<lb /><lb />45%<lb /><lb />Annual<lb />Percentage<lb /><lb />Yield<lb /><lb />When you're looking for the right<lb />investment, it pays to know what's up<lb />at ECB! For a limited time, our Wise<lb />Choice Certificates of Deposit are<lb />offering some of the highest possible<lb />rates on investments of $2,500 and<lb />above. Also, shop our bonus rates on<lb />IRAs. Stop in today for returns that<lb /><lb />* Substantial .<lb />will keep you coming back.<lb /><lb />Penalty for Early<lb />Withdrawal.<lb /><lb />* Rates Subject to<lb />Change.<lb /><lb />¢ Rates Applicable<lb />to Deposits less<lb /><lb />than $100,000.<lb /><lb />Y,<lb /><lb />SINCE 19207<lb /><lb />* Rates Applicable<lb />to Individual<lb />Investors only.<lb /><lb />Greenville Offices<lb />1001 Red Banks Road<lb />355-8200<lb />2400 Stantonsburg Road<lb />752-6609<lb /><lb />Inside Walmart Supercenter<lb /><lb />355-5988<lb /><lb />era<lb />¢<lb /><lb /></p>
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          <lb />5L5LGLSL5. 5. 6.515 crises : :<lb /><lb />B® Dine In<lb />Or<lb /><lb />Take Out<lb /><lb />NOW IN PLASTIC CANS.<lb /><lb />Pe<lb /><lb />POPP Peer rer rr se<lb /><lb />Je ee<lb /><lb />THE BUDGET STORE WITH i &amp;<lb />TRUE DISCOUNT PRICES 4 Sy<lb /><lb />a<lb /><lb />We have a large selection of all-leather Name-Brand shoes,<lb />priced $3.00 to $19.00...<lb />Men??Ts and Ladies Shoes.. work/ dress/ and casual shoes.<lb /><lb />este eas<lb />apace<lb /><lb />You can choose from Easy Spirit, Hush Puppies, Revelations,<lb />Soft Spot, Nurse Mate, Timberland, Stacy Adams, Bostonian,<lb />Dexter, Bally, Cole Haan, (Just to name a few).<lb /><lb />We also have Stride Rite shoes for children.<lb /><lb />Use our convenient lay-a-way plan.<lb /><lb />Shop the Budget-priced store and save BIG !!!<lb />That??Ts the Shoe Outlet, located on the corner of<lb />Ninth and Washington Streets in Greenville.<lb /><lb />a<lb /><lb />WOOW AM<lb />WTOW AM<lb /><lb />The<lb /><lb />66 M 9<lb /><lb />Newspaper Coming Soon<lb />Presents the 4 th Call Today<lb />Annual<lb /><lb />MINORITY<lb /><lb />BUSINESS EXPO<lb /><lb />Friday, February 28 « Saturday, March Ist<lb />Sunday, March 2nd, 1997<lb /><lb />Starting Daily at 94M<lb />at the NATIONAL GUARD ARMORY Hwy. 11<lb />Greenville, NC<lb />Booths Available<lb /><lb />Vendors are welcome to display their business.<lb />¢ Live Entertainment<lb /><lb />¢ Voter Registration<lb />¢ Health and Education, Sviolio lt<lb />Economic Development<lb />Application for Vendors MT<lb />&amp; Businesses<lb />Address,<lb />on all vendors<lb />City or Town ADMISSION<lb />State &amp; Zip. FREE<lb />WOOW &amp; WTOW &amp; General Public<lb />The M Voice NEwspaper Invited<lb />919-757-0365 or 754-6418<lb />Fax 919-757-1793<lb /><lb />x<lb />: ] 1308 JOHN SMALL AVE. WASHINGTON CORNER SHOPPING CENTER |r<lb />ey oe es oe oe ey ef ee ere ae eo (ely ge iggy (c)<lb /><lb />ome RAe PT Re ertg nana meh gen ig<lb /><lb />THE :'M" VOICE<lb /><lb />oie, Barber Sh of<lb /><lb />The Professionals<lb /><lb />\g FULL LINE OF HAIR CARE |<lb />PRODUCTS AVAILABLE _<lb /><lb />Carl Harris, Owner<lb /><lb />Specializing in all cuts &amp; styles<lb /><lb />Afro Cuts ¢ Shags ¢ Brush Cuts<lb />Box Cuts ¢ Fade-Aways<lb />¢ Relaxer<lb /><lb />919 - 757-3412<lb />14th &amp; Myrtle Ave.<lb />Greenville, N.C. 27834<lb /><lb />a ta<lb />%, ve  ys . m.<lb />areas<lb /><lb /> 9 Mon. Thurs.<lb /><lb />a 8:30 am - 6:00 pm<lb />Fri. &amp; Sat.<lb /><lb />8: 00 am - 6: :00 pm<lb /><lb />Carl Harris * Rodney Harris * Tarry Barnes<lb />Irvin Beara ° 2 Joyner * Rod Moore<lb /><lb />ADVERTISEMENT FOR BIDS<lb /><lb />Sealed proposals will be received until 3:00 PM on Thursday, March 13, 1997 in the<lb />second floor meeting room, Pitt County Administrative Offices, 1717 W. Fifth Street,<lb />Greenville, NC, 27834 for the construction of:<lb />Addition to Pitt County Courthouse<lb />Pitt County<lb />Greenville, North Carolina<lb /><lb />at which time and place bids will be opened and read for Multi-Prime (General,<lb />Mechanical, Plumbing, and Electrical) work.<lb /><lb />A Pre-Bid Conference will be held Tuesday, March 4, 1997, 11:00 AM in Courtroom #4<lb />(Courthouse Annex - 4th Floor), Pitt County Courthouse. All contractors are encouraged<lb />to attend.<lb /><lb />Complete plans and specifications for this project can be obtained from The East Group,<lb />PA, 324 So. Evans St., Greenville, NC, 27834 (919-758-3746) during normal office hours<lb />after Monday, February 17, 1997. They will be open for inspection in the Greenville, NC<lb />office of The East Group and in the local NC offices of the following: AGC - Carolinas<lb />Branch in Raleigh and McGee Reprographics in Greenville; F.W. Dodge Corporation in<lb />Raleigh; CMD - Carolinas Branch in Raleigh; and, EC Planning Rooms in Kinston &amp;<lb />Graphic Source in Greenville.<lb /><lb />Pitt County has established a minimum goal of 10% participation by minority contractors<lb />for this construction contract.<lb /><lb />Plan Deposit: $150<lb />The state reserves the unqualified right to reject any and all proposals.<lb />Signed: Mark W. Owens Jr.<lb />Chairman<lb />Pitt County<lb />Board of Commissioners<lb /><lb />1717 W. Fifth Street<lb />Greenville, NC 278334<lb /><lb />SALUTE TO BLACK HISTORY MONTH<lb /><lb />Do You Have a Dream<lb />of an America Without<lb />Drug Abuse? ??"<lb /><lb />We must<lb /><lb />not allow...<lb />any force<lb /><lb />fo make<lb /><lb />us feel<lb /><lb />ike we<lb />don't coun.<lb />Maintain a<lb />sense Of<lb />dignity and<lb />respect...<lb /><lb />rea n<lb /><lb />abuse.<lb /><lb />Live The Dream<lb /><lb />For free copies of<lb />the ??oLive the Dream<lb />??" Say No to Alcohol<lb /><lb />and Drug Aluse???<lb /><lb />poster...<lb /><lb />Live the the<lb /><lb />gay no to alcohol and crug<lb /><lb />Display in your<lb />..call the National Clearinghouse<lb /><lb />elmalelieleclicm enc miilceaiiren<lb /><lb />schools,<lb />churches,<lb />stores,<lb />libraries,<lb />hospitals,<lb />and workplaces!<lb /><lb />ss Cobbrale'ss<lb />Black History<lb /><lb />CHUCK AUTRY??TS Body Shop<lb /><lb />1900 Dickinson Ave.<lb />Greenville<lb /><lb /></p>
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        <p>hae<lb /><lb />esi<lb /><lb />2 es<lb />as a ae<lb /><lb />_ Making A Difference!<lb /><lb />Today, Gloria<lb />Summers is a<lb />vibrant,<lb />outgoing,<lb />attractive and<lb />hardworking,<lb />non-tradi-<lb />tional student<lb />at Pitt Com-<lb />munity<lb />College.<lb /><lb />But Gloria<lb />wasn??Tt always<lb />in charge of<lb />her life or was<lb />she meeting<lb />each day with<lb />a smile. There was a time when addiction to<lb />alcohol, crack and cocaine brought her to<lb />bottomless darkness. Living in New York at the<lb />time, she lost her job, her self-respect, and she<lb /><lb />Gloria Summers<lb /><lb />. name<lb />: : ahil; 1 : . aw sIna ar ale sway 5) Direct Action Programs to end discrimination; to build<lb />almost lost her children. An attempt at rehabili- Worthington have helped her along the way. eee Fe ee ae<lb />tation through a detox center failed. Then eight 6) The organization of poor workers to win Union rights address<lb />: 5 : : HW Rights at home and World Wide ??T<lb /><lb />years ago after her husband died at the age of She is proud to say she no longer receives TS ESN<lb /><lb />. . 1 . . ??o a i 8) Youth and Campus Activities _.<lb />38, she moved back to North Carolina where public housing and that her goal is to be off 9) Women??Ts Organizational Movement for Equality Now??" city st 2p<lb /><lb />Slit has always been interested in protective °<lb />services as she had once lived close to those<lb />youth offenders, felons, and drug addicts that<lb />she now wishes to counsel and help. Ready to<lb />graduate from the Criminal Justice: Protective<lb />Services Technology curriculum in Fall 1996,<lb />Gloria is serving her internship at the Eastern<lb />Correctional Facility in Maury.<lb /><lb />Not having the funds to go to school and<lb />support her children adequately, Gloria turned to<lb />a dedicated Greene County social worker for<lb />help and was found eligible for several pro-<lb />grams. JOBS paid for her transportation, JTPA<lb />for books and tuition, and Pell Grant for subsis-<lb />tence and Social Services for Child Care, while<lb />she pursued her education.<lb /><lb />Gloria cites the positive support of several PCC<lb />individuals in having made the difference in her<lb />educational life. Bob Everett, Yvonne George,<lb />Shelley Staton, Lora Clark and Darlene Smith-<lb /><lb />AFRICAN - Al<lb />Join SCIC now<lb />??oThe Struggle is NOT Over???<lb /><lb />Southern Christian'Leadership Conference<lb /><lb />334 AUBURN AVE: N.E./P.0, BOX 89128<lb />ATLANTA, GEORGIA 30312<lb /><lb />Pitt County Chapter<lb />621 Albermarle Ave.<lb /><lb />919-758-6733<lb /><lb />Founding President<lb />Martin Luther King, Jr<lb /><lb />Your membership will enable SCIC to promote:<lb /><lb /> Redeeming the Soul of America???<lb /><lb />1) Voter Registration and Political Education<lb /><lb />2) Citizenship Clinics and Workshops on Non-Violence<lb />3) Housing and Community Development??"Cooperative<lb /><lb />Business Projects<lb /><lb />4) Operation Breadbasket??"Creation of Job Opportunities in<lb /><lb />Private Industry<lb /><lb />a arta Aaa nea EERE yO aba ??ory<lb /><lb />AN HISTORY<lb /><lb />¢ 758-1785<lb /><lb />President<lb />Joseph E Lowery<lb /><lb />Application<lb /><lb />Please return completed application along with your payment<lb />in envelope<lb /><lb />sclc/WOMEN<lb />10)  Martin Luther King Speaks??T radio program<lb />11) Christian Principles<lb /><lb />she was born, with her four children now ages:<lb />20, 18, 16, and 6.<lb /><lb />welfare by January 1997. She is thrilled to have<lb />learned to drive a car just last year. But most of<lb />all (and her face glows as she speaks), she is<lb />terribly proud that her 18 year-old son, Faheem<lb />Blount is also enrolled in the Corrections<lb />Program. With a good education, Gloria firmly<lb />believes that the future will provide many open<lb />doors of opportunity for her and her children.<lb /><lb />telephone no. date purchased<lb /><lb />Receipt (please retain this for your records) Type of Membership: (check one)<lb /><lb />Being tired of her life and influenced by her<lb />children??Ts support, Gloria asked her God to<lb />deliver her from crack and alcohol addiction.<lb />She joined the Living Hope Ministries in<lb />Farmville where Pastors Calvin and Judy<lb />Ellison showed her the way to hope and faith.<lb />Through a family therapy program at Pitt<lb />County Mental Health Center, the family was<lb />brought closer together. In 1994 when Gloria, a<lb />single parent, turned 40, she chose to learn a<lb />profession at PCC, because she couldn't main-<lb />tain her household on the teacher??Ts assistant<lb />salary she was receiving by working at Chicod<lb />and Ayden Elementary schools.<lb /><lb /> Koveystietaumen<lb /><lb />|<lb />'<lb />|<lb />|<lb />[<lb />{<lb />|<lb />|<lb />|<lb />|<lb />|<lb />|<lb />|<lb />|<lb />|<lb />|<lb />|<lb />|<lb />l<lb /><lb />OQ 200 YOUTH HANDICAPPED<lb />O 500 AT LARGE<lb /><lb />fC 1000 ACTIVE<lb /><lb />| © 2500 SUSTAINING<lb /><lb />50 00 SILVER<lb />100 00 GOLD<lb />500 OO MLK LIFE<lb />OC 1,000 INSTITUTIONAL<lb /><lb />amount paid date<lb /><lb />Terry Shank<lb />Diversity Awareness Director<lb />Student Support Services<lb /><lb />DIVERSITY<lb /><lb />pe ae ee<lb /><lb />UTES<lb /><lb />bs<lb /><lb />ee<lb /><lb />In the market for a single or<lb />double wide trailer?<lb /><lb />Brother James Johnson, Sales<lb />Consultant for Ted Parker<lb />Homes located at 1105<lb />Greenville Blvd., across from<lb />Lowes!!! or better yet you can<lb />give them a call at 321-1553<lb />and brother James Johnson is<lb />ready and able to put you in a<lb />home today!!!<lb /><lb />??oMitchell Cannavino<lb />General Manager<lb /><lb />919-321-1553<lb />Fax 919-321-1335<lb />1105Greenville Blvd. ¢ Greenville, NC 27836<lb /><lb />rose<lb />a8 Wilber Castside Motors<lb />Greenville, ne oies4 Gese Greenville Motel)<lb /><lb />HANNIBAL - (247-183 B.C. |<lb />4 ye<lb />|<lb /><lb />WITd<lb /><lb />! de oc Tae CLEE WILDER<lb />THE GREAT KINGS &amp; QUEENS OF AFRICA PORTRAITS Nmap<lb />Budweiser proudly salutes Black History Month 1997 Now you can bring the richiheritage BREANA KITTRELL<lb />with a special program celebrating the spirit and of the great Kings &amp; Queens of Sales Manager<lb /><lb />tradition of African culture. For more than two decades<lb />Budweiser's Great Kings &amp; Queens of Africa program<lb />has helped to cultivate a deeper appreciation to the _<lb />impact African leaders have had on our world.<lb />This remarkable program features a series of<lb />: speciary commissions portraits-each the work of a Ty Enalce yy Sneevsqoncs Please send nan an aan va oat(a) ot oon<lb />. : Pty ' A me. 0<lb /><lb />t gifted H can-American artist - honoring the ' ??T 29 Budweiser??Ts Great Kings Queens ot Africa reprints.<lb /><lb />accomplishments of great leaders throughout history. mac i Py<lb />Today, these 29 portraits have become one of the :<lb /><lb /> Cl Enclosed, ig $_._ Please sendme__ Great Kings and<lb />most inflyential collections of art honoring African- Queens of Africa Update packages.<lb /><lb />'<lb /><lb />Africa series to your home Or busi-<lb /><lb />ness. Order the complete set of 29<lb />prints at $21.50 or an update set of<lb />the 6 most recent prints (#24-29) at<lb />$10.00.<lb /><lb />919-756-7821<lb />919-355-3401<lb />919-355-8813<lb /><lb />__ Budweiser is proud to support this unique program -<lb />in the hope that these powerful portraits will encourage<lb /><lb />all who see them to make their own mark on the future.  :___Seuveny orrensuuecrFOMMMAMRITY CRFEN GOOD OMY INE USA Nn<lb />http:/Moudwelser.com ©1997 ANHEUSER-BUSCH, INC, BREWERS OF BUOWEISER® BEER, ST. LOUIS. MO Y ;<lb /><lb />Mail order form with check or money order payable to Great Kings &amp; Queens Reprint Offer<lb />P.O. Box 99292, Atlanta, GA 30377-0202.<lb />OFFER EXPIRES DECEMBER 97; 1997) VOID WHERE PROHIBITED. ALLOW 6 TO 6 WEEKS FOR<lb /><lb />4 pr reap culture. awe ers el Kings &amp; Queens NAME: 08"<lb />of Alrica program has touched the lives of millions - ' ADDRESS?! | 6S!<lb />through a traveling exhibit which has educated and ' ory: Ha hoay Beeper 919-551 1605<lb />inspired audiences in cities across America. | ot ATE: my ZIP: |<lb />Be | ; : ||<lb /></p>
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