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North Carolina LibrariesVolume 60, 2002\COMPANION TO oUNCLE TOMTS CABIN.�U T Gay t A:AN EARLY PICTUREorLito at the Sunth,BY C. HowiLte y.WITH ILLUSTRATIONS BY DARLEY.* Who is God and where is he?� continued the negro, his nostrils dilating and his chestheaving; odoes he not sit in heaven and mark the unexpressed wailings, the inward prayers,and the heart sickness of those thousands of thinking, rational, and immortal souls, whomthe white men drive and beat as they do their oxen and their horses? Do you know thatthe negro as well as the white man bas an undying spirit that looks to heaven, and that itwill meet ity masterTs xs an equal at the bar of God? Master! * Ged only is my master? "~Vide Pace 109,LONDON :"HENRY LEA, 22, WARWICK LANE.Calvin Henderson Wiley (1819-1887), North CarolinaTs first native novelist and its first superintendentof common schools, wrote two historical novels in a conscious effort to record important eventsin North Carolina history for fiction readers. The second of these, Roanoke (1849), wasreprinted in England in 1852 as Utopia. The cover illustration is from the copy in theSnow L. and B. W. C. Roberts Collection, Verona Joyner Langford North Carolina Collection,J. ¥. Joyner Library, East Carolina University.

EDITORIAL STAFFEpiTorPlummer Alston oAl� Jones, Jr.LTDI, School of EducationEast Carolina University122 Joyner EastGreenville, NC 27858Tel: (252) 328-6803Fax: (252) 328-4368E-mail: jonesp@mail.ecu.eduAssociate EpitorsJoline EzzellReference DepartmentDuke University LibraryBox 90175Durham, NC 27708-0175Tel: (919) 660-5925Fax: (919) 684-2855E-mail: joline.ezzell@duke.eduMike Van FossenReference-DocumentsDavis Library CB# 3912UNC-Chapel HillChapel Hill, NC 27599-8890Tel: (919) 962-1151Fax: (919) 962-5537E-mail: mike_vanfossen@unc.eduBook Reviews EpitorDorothy HodderPublic Services LibrarianNew Hanover County Public Library201 Chesnut St.Wilmington, NC 28401Tel: (910) 772-7858Fax: (910) 341-4357E-mail: dhodder@nhcgov.comLacniapPe EpIToRSuzanne WiseBelk LibraryAppalachian State UniversityBoone, NC 28608-2026Tel: (828) 262-2798Fax: (828) 262-3001E-mail: wisems@appstate.eduWirep To THE Wor-p EDITORRalph Lee ScottSystems LibrarianAcademic Library ServicesJoyner LibraryEast Carolina UniversityGreenville, NC 27858Tel: (252) 328-0265Fax: (252) 328-6222E-mail: scottr@mail.ecu.eduINDEXERMichael CotterJoyner LibraryEast Carolina UniversityGreenville, NC 27858Tel: (252) 752-8854E-mail: cottermi@mail.ecu.eduAsst. Eps. FoR ACADEMIC LIBRARIESPaula P. HintonReference Dept., CB# 3922Davis LibraryUNC-Chapel HillChapel Hill, NC 27514-8890Tel: (919) 962-1151Fax: (919) 962-5537E-mail: pphinton@email.unc.eduPage LifeDavis Library, CB# 3914UNC-Chapel HillChapel Hill, NC 27514-8890Tel: (919) 962-0153E-mail: pagelife@email.unc.eduAsst. Ep. FoR Pustic LIBRARIESJoan SherifNorthwestern Regional Library111 North Front St.Elkin, NC 28621Tel: (336) 835-4894E-mail: jsherif@nwrl.orgAsst. Ep. For SCHOOL LIBRARIESDiane KesterLTDI, School of EducationEast Carolina University102 Joyner EastGreenville, NC 27858Tel: (252) 328-6621Fax: (252) 328-4368E-mail: kester@soe.ecu.eduAsst. Ep. For WeB PUBLISHINGTerry W. BrandsmaInformation Technology LibrarianJackson LibraryUNC-GreensboroP.O. Box 26170Greensboro, NC 27402-6170Tel: (336) 256-1218Fax: (336) 334-5399E-mail: twbrands@uncg.edu

ortHROLINABs Volume 60e@IDRARIES sewomestSoN 029-2540| mum FEATURES4 A Catechism of Books, Joseph Bathanti}11 Passing the Torch: Reminiscences with Frances Bryant Bradburn, Editor Emerita, North CarolinaLibraries, 1985-2002, Plummer Alston oAl� Jones, Jr.14 Making Connections: North Carolina Libraries and Grantmaking Foundations, Janice Steed Lewis26 Library and Information Science Research 1999-2001: A Bibliography of MasterTs Papers fromthe University of North Carolina School of Information and Library Science46 The Case for Digitizing Fiction with History, Nancy Patterson Shires53 From Manteo to Murphy: Young Adult Historic Fiction Set in North Carolina, Pat McGee| 60 Library and Information Science Research 2002: A Bibliography of MasterTs Papers from theUniversity of North Carolina School of Information and Library Science86 Library Cooperation and the Development of the North Carolina Information Network (NCIN):From the Great Depression Years to 1992, Diane D. Kester and Plummer Alston Jones, Jr.103 Cyber-Fundraising and North Carolina Public Libraries, Timothy C. Hunter1109 Library and Information Science Research 2001: A Bibliography of MasterTs Papers from theUniversity of North Carolina School of Information and Library ScienceCOLO \\\ JESS Ue oe RE REETFrom the Editor: LoveTs Labor Reconsidered, Plummer Alston oAl� Jones, Jr.From the President: The Tie That Binds, Ross Holt25 About the Authors28 Lagniappe: North Caroliniana: Storming the Hill: North Carolina Librarians Become Lobbyistsfor a Day, Suzanne Wise30 Wired to the World: Anonymisers, Ralph Lee Scott31. North Carolina Books, Dorothy Hodder39 NCLA Minutes44 From the Editor: Unity v. Diversity: The Dilemma of Professionalism, Plummer Alston oAl� Jones, Jr.| 45 From the President: Libraries Make a Difference, Ross Holt59 About the AuthorsLagniappe: North Caroliniana: ACRL from the Inside: An Interview with Recent ACRL President65 ; ;Mary Reichel, Suzanne Wise69. Wired to the World: Get a Handle on Spam, Ralph Lee Scott70 North Carolina Books, Dorothy Hodder77 NCLA Minutes84 From the Editor: A Community of Practice, Plummer Alston oAl� Jones, Jr.85 From the President: Throw Me the Money|, Ross Holt111 About the Authors112 Lagniappe: What Is It Like to Be a Special Librarian at the Center for Creative Leadership?,Carol Avis Keck116 Wired to the World: Computer Housekeeping, Ralph Lee Scott117 North Carolina Books, Dorothy Hodder125 NCLA Minutes129 Index to North Carolina Libraries, Volume 60ayNorth Carolina Libraries is the official publication of the North Carolina Library Association. Art direction and design by Pat Weathersbee of Books, etc., Winterville, NC.

Plummer Alston oAl� Jones, Jr.,C6LoveTs LaborReconsidered2 " Spring / Summer 2002hatTs happened to North Carolina Libraries?� The simple answer isthat North Carolina Libraries has been undergoing a physicaltransformation from print to electronic. The more complex answeris that the NCL Editorial Board has been involved in a process ofintrospection/reconsidering NCLTs mission and discussing how NCL could bemore efficiently and less expensively produced.We reached consensus to publish North Carolina Libraries on theWorld Wide Web. We are no longer depending on the help of guesteditors to identify authors to address a chosen theme for each issue. Fromnow on, each issue of NCL will include articles on several topics ratherthan on one selected topic.North Carolina Libraries is one of three publications for the NCLAmembership. Tar Heel Libraries, a print newsletter of NCLA and the StateLibrary of North Carolina, edited by State Library consultants, FrannieAshburn and Kevin Cherry, and NCLATs electronic newsletter, E-News,edited by Marilyn Schuster of the University of North Carolina at Char-lotte, together keep NCLA members aware of current library events in NorthCarolina and inform us of the many accomplishments of NCLAmembers.The North Carolina Libraries Editorial Board is composed of experiencedvolunteer editors who represent a cross-section of the North Carolina LibraryAssociation " academic, public, school, and special librarians, as well aslibrary educators. Associate Editors are Joline Ezzell of Duke University, andMike Van Fossen of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. AssistantEditors are Paula Hinton and Page Life, both from the University of NorthCarolina at Chapel Hill; Diane Kester of East Carolina University; and JoanSherif of the Northwest Regional Library System. Terry Brandsma of theUniversity of North Carolina at Greensboro, our Web publishing consultant,will work with graphic designer, Pat Weathersbee of Books, etc. in Winterville,to get North Carolina Libraries on the Web.We are continuing special columns that have been very popular over theyears, including oNorth Carolina Books,� edited by Dorothy Hodder of NewHanover County Public Library, oLagniappe: North Caroliniana,� edited bySuzanne Wise of Appalachian State University, and oWired to the World,�edited by Ralph Lee Scott of East Carolina University. Michael Cotter, nowretired from East Carolina University, has agreed to continue to serve asIndexer and will compile the annual index.North Carolina Libraries will continue to be indexed by H. W. WilsonCompany. Manuscripts will be refereed by at least two editors. The electronicversion of North Carolina Libraries will be available at http://www.nclaonline.org/NCL. The North Carolina Library Association willmaintain an archive of all electronic issues.We are considering producing an annual print cumulation of NorthCarolina Libraries issues for those who prefer a print record. Please let us knowwhat you think of this idea and of the new electronic version.North Carolina Libraries, Vol. 60

Prom the PresideutRoss Holt, PresidentThe TieThat BindsNorth Carolina Libraries, Vol. 60n behalf of the North Carolina Library Association, | would like towelcome you to the first edition of North Carolina Libraries online.While it may seem a dramatic transformation to some, itTs the nextlogical step for this award-winning professional journal, which hasbeen in continuous publication since 1942.You'll still find a juried, academic journal with the same integrity that wonNCL three national awards. Although there are a few changes in con-cept "the issues will not always revolve around central themes, andquotidian NCLA business will move to other venues " NCL will evincethe same quality and coverage that you have come to expect. And youwon't have to wait for it to arrive in your mailbox!Conversion of NCL to the electronic format also comprises oneelement of an overall NCLA effort to improve communication withmembers and create more of a sense of community among NorthCarolinaTs librarians, library paraprofessionals, library educators, andlibrary supporters. ItTs a matter of putting the right information in the bestformat most effectively to reach our members, and to reach nonmembers inthe library community. With our thanks to Johnny Cash, we're keeping theend out for the tie that binds " on the Web, via e-mail, in print, and anyother way we can.The appearance of NCLTs first electronic issue coincides with an overhaul ofthe NCLA Web site, the first such change more or less since the its inception.Our goal was to reorganize the way information was presented on the site,the idea being that a first-time user should be able to find whatever informa-tion he or she needed about NCLA without any difficulty.On the site, you'll notice that information is organized into four maingroups. In the upper left corner are links to everything you need in order todo business with NCLA, from joining us to getting a bill paid or finding outabout a particular association policy. In the upper right corner are links toNCLATs association-wide activities and pursuits: the Biennial Conference, theLeadership Institute, Intellectual Freedom, Literacy, and so on. Down the leftmargin you can go directly to a section or round table. In the right handmargin you'll find links to up-to-the-minute reports from the NCLA E-News andupcoming events.The central panel, using graphics from our professionally designed table-top display, describes the organizationTs mission and goals, and will changefrom time to time as warranted to feature big NCLA events or projects.The debut of the electronic NCL also meets up with publication of thesecond issue of Tar Heel Libraries, our print newsletter published in cooperationwith the State Library of North Carolina. ItTs a most impressive, 12-page tour-de-force of tidbits and community-building news.So NCLA is moving on all fronts and in all formats. | hope you enjoy thisissue of NCL, and find its new format agreeable. Let us know what improve-ments we can make as we undertake this major transition.Spring / Summer 2002 " 3

A Catechism of Booksby Joseph Bathantigot my first library card in 1958 while I was still five years old. It was orangeand, from a writerTs point of view, I view it as a union card.Throughout my life, libraries have remained an evangelizing presence in thesame way the Catholic church has, though gentler, and much less judgmental.Technically a lapsed Catholic, I am not a lapsed reader.Not incidentally, in fact, the first library I ever knew, the East Liberty Branch of thePittsburgh Carnegie libraries, was next door on Larimer Avenue to Saints Peter andPaul, the Catholic Church in which I grew up. They seemed extensions of each other,giant otherworldly Gothic buildings, hewn of mountain granite, hung with doors astory high. Inside, they both had that marble, vaulted ceiling, chandeliered, on-tiptoe,candle-lit hush that inspired reverence. Instead of a cross lording over its door lintel,like the church, the libraryTs threshold was guarded by two pedestaled lions.The first rule I had instilled in me about libraries " one that I still observe "was that, as when in church, one observed silence. It was a holy place in which theonly allowable sound was a whisper. To carry the analogy further, I viewed librar-ians, all women then, as having taken a set of vows, like nuns or monks. There wasa no-nonsense severity to them. Terrifically busy, they wore spectacles and oxfords,white blouses and dark cardigan sweaters. Their hair had filigrees of grey in it andthey were all approximately fifty years old. Reflexively, like the nuns, their indexfingers darted vertically to their lips: Shhh.But, unlike the nuns who taught me at SaintsPeter and Paul School, which was directly behindThro ug hout my life. libraries have the church and but a spit or so away from the4 library, they seemed to like children. Especiallyremained an evangelizing presence in reading children, huddled devoutly at little tables. and chairs; children with questions about books;the same way the Catholic church children stumbling up to the enormously longhas, though gen tler, and much less checkout desk (like a symbolic prop in a Kafkanovel), juggling a chest full of books and theirj U dg mental. Technicall ya | apsed library cards. There a librarian would throttle a stackCatholic, |am not a lap sed reader. of books like a short order cook flipping hotcakes.. : SheTd whip open those jacket covers, one afteranother, and tattoo with her stamp " I was fasci-nated by this " the gummed-on odate due� slipswith the exact day in burgundy ink that thoseborrowed books must be returned. Or else: a pennyper book for each day late. Then they handed over the stack to you, smiled inbenediction, and called you ohoney.� So shimmering in their delight " anothersoul saved " they could have been stained glass.I didnTt think they got paid; they were reading missionaries. Their purpose onearth was, like a religious zealotTs, to bring the word. In this case, the ones en-shrined in books. Their sole reward for this witness was the pure epiphany of4 " Spring / Summer 2002 North Carolina Libraries, Vol. 60gle: aS oa�. th ne el

North Carolina Libraries, Vol. 60beholding a child in the throes of reading, surely a fast track to heaven. Because Iascribed to them a vocation, I figured that come nightfall, they retreated to clois-tered cells somewhere on the premises, and remained through the night immuredamong their beloved books. They obviously didnTt need much. They were able tosubsist on the penny-per-day fines. Like the conductors at the East Liberty trainstation that was once, before my birth, just across the avenue, they launchedthousand of journeys. Not incidentally, it was from that very station that GeraldStern, the great poet, and Andy Warhol himself left on the same redeye for NewYork, prompted, who knows, by the books some intrepid librarian had handed overto them at the East Liberty Branch.I donTt remember many of the books I borrowed at the library. But, there wasone I loved particularly, about a Pilgrim boy who becomes best pals with an Indianboy. I checked it out again and again. And there was the Cowboy Sam series. Samand his pals on a cattle drive, around the campfire, thwarting stampedes, bringingrustlers to justice. There had to have been many others, but like Robert Lowell saysin his poem, oJean Stafford, A Letter,� omy mind economizes so prodigally, I thinkITve suffered theft.� What I remember best, what was most astonishing, however,were the sheer numbers of books, their beauty, their fragrance, their loomingweighty secret presence, room upon room, rowed and racked to the ceiling, laddersthat rolled along the gleaming shelves for the librarians to mount upon a whim. Myimpulse was to genuflect. I had to keep reminding myself that I wasnTt in church. Itwas next door. Eventually, in a middle-sixties frenzy of contemporizing a classicimmigrant neighborhood that had withstood two world wars, the Depression, andModernism, the city tore the library down for what they called ourban renewal.�What happened to the books I couldnTt say, nor the librarians. Ignorance de-scended; people moved away. As in oSleeping Beauty,� a great thorn hedge grew uparound the neighborhood, and it was blighted.But there were other libraries. When Saints Peter and Paul shut down, anothercasualty of ourban renewal,� I transferred to Sacred Heart School which actually hadits own library. A huge cart, actually, that once a week parked in the hall. I beganobsessively reading baseball biographies: Mickey Mantle, Jackie Jensen, Bob Turley,Mel Ott, Sal Maglie: all white men. I came from a neighborhood and family thatwere less than tolerant when it came to African Americans, and I canTt claim that Imyself had a more liberal bent back then. Yet that library cart planted in me thefirst seeds of tolerance. I became an integrationist by reading about the Jim Crowhardships the first black players endured by crossing the color line into the majorleagues: Jackie Robinson, Roy Campanella, Willie Mays, Satchel Paige.It was from the Sacred Heart library in 1967, when I was in eighth grade, that Iborrowed The Catcher in the Rye. Having heard the title all my life, it seemed, Ichecked it out with blithe indifference. I returned it, however, a changed person,and in complete secrecy. I figured no one in that building but I had ever read it,with its molten expletive lifting off the page in three harrowing dimensions. Alibrarian, I tell you, had placed fire in my hands, a little old lady wearing the blackhabit and bonnet of the Sisters of Charity.With the old East Liberty library gone, I migrated to the main library in theuniversity district. The Carnegie Library. An enormous Parthenon-like building, ofthe same architecture as my now vanished childhood library, but exponentiallygrander and mitered into the Carnegie Museum.It was like a city. Books spilling from every crevice, every newspaper and peri-odical known to mankind, an archive that dated back to Genesis. Where aged bookstransmigrated when they died, and came to matter even more as ghosts, where newbooks were born. Floor after floor of paper, room after room furnished with Persiancarpets, easy chairs, reading lamps. Like being marooned in a Merchant Ivory film, abattalion of librarians at your beck and call, white gleaming tiny-octagonal-white-tile Victorian bathrooms more spacious than most peopleTs homes. Where I wouldmeet my girlfriend and we would hide whispering in the blessed arbors of the openstacks, on the tallest floors against the rafters, the dehumidifiers wheezing theirSpring / Summer 2002 " 9ne

approval. It had not occurred to me, at that time, that I would not live long enoughto read each book that resided in that building.When I entered the mighty Hillman Library as a student at the University ofPittsburgh, I couldnTt believe it. It was as large, larger even than the Carnegie, butwithout that patrician air of formality that I loved so much. It thrummed withpeople, students mainly, in their mad seventies costumes, many of them drapedasleep over the loveseats and overstuffed chairs sprinkled everywhere, stacks ofbooks on the end tables like a cluttered living room, many of them draped on eachother, making out heavy, cigarette smoke twirling up into the lights like intellectualexhaust; and professors and all manner of misfit and archetype haunting the place,talking to themselves. And the architecture: it was open, airy, glass and more glass,art deco married to Frank Lloyd Wright and Bucky Fuller. I loved it. Wow.I hurried upstairs to the section on the Romantics and hauled off as much Keatsas I could carry "I had a paper due"muttering to myself as I hitchhiked home,oThou still unravished bride of quietness.� Whatever that meant, but filling mewith its iambic fever, a line I would never forget. It became a part of my psychiclibrary. I particularly love poet Maxine KuminTs account of her studentsT discomfortat her requiring them to memorize poems: oI tell the students who groan and theones who do not that I am doing them a favor: I am providing them with an innerlibrary to draw on when they are taken political prisoner.�By the time I left Pittsburgh for North Carolina with a masterTs degree in English(what else?), I knew I wanted to be a writer. I applied to VISTA, was accepted, andassigned to work with prison inmates in and around Charlotte, an assignment thatended up being quite congenial to writing. But I didnTt know anything aboutwriting except that it took a lot of longing " which ITve always been good at. Longbefore I ever had a North Carolina driverTs license, I had library card at the Char-lotte-Mecklenburg public library on Tryon Street in downtown Charlotte. Not sodowntown then, and the library not half so glittering. But it was charming anddevout, and it was there that I first became acquainted with, actually saw in theflesh, so to speak, the first little magazines and periodicals I was destined to publishin, though at the time nothing seemed more remote.I was puttering away on my poems and stories, by then, and I needed some-where to send them. ITd pull them off the periodical wall: Southern HumanitiesReview, Southern Poetry Review, Tar River Poetry, Carolina Quarterly, South CarolinaReview. I'd leaf through and find out the names of the editors and the addresses. Toactually see and touch those magazines, to be able to copy those names and ad-dresses into the little pocket notebook that surely all writers carried to accommo-date the capricious muse, made me feel like a writer. It wasnTt long before thoserejection slips started pouring in.Then there are the little, often tiny, North Carolina libraries that over the pastmany years have endeared themselves to me. Nothing spectacular about them at all,their architecture is merely functional, frequently stark, sometimes merely a storefrontsuch as the one in Old Fort, in McDowell County, where children can check out notonly books, but toys, where I found a cassette tape of French monks singing Gregorianchants, recorded live on Easter morning " in the 14th century for all I knew.These little libraries stand as outposts in their respective counties, peddlingmuch more than books. The Hampton B. Allen Library, for instance, in downtownWadesboro in Anson County, stands as the nexus of the countyTs culture. When welived in Anson County, it hosted a lecture series, the bloodmobile, a support groupon adolescent pregnancy, the community theatre, and was also headquarters toMoonsong Productions when Stephen Spielberg was in town filming The ColorPurple. It was also the site of a baby shower our friends had for my wife and me afew weeks before our first son was born.I could bow my head and recite the litany of libraries, a long prose poem, I havetraveled to in this fair state, and in each one there was a surprise waiting for me inthe persons of North Carolina citizens fiercely devoted to the word.In Davie County where I have spoken so often, I can now greet people by their6 " Spring / Summer 2002 North Carolina Libraries, Vol. 60oe SaaS inc Seg ees Si he eel ok ae a

first names; in Harnett County in Lillington; Haywood County in Waynesville,where the President of the Friends of the library is a British man named Robin; inBurke County where I spoke this past February 4th and met an elderly couple whohad traveled three hours from Macon County to hear my talk on autobiographybecause they were writing a family genealogy; the Henderson County library, crawl-ing with poets; the Franklin County Library in Louisburg; the Nantahala RegionalLibrary far out in remote Murphy, where my son Beckett (named after the great Irishwriter Samuel Beckett) portentously took his very first.steps (an obvious metaphorfor reading or vice versa) " in a library, no less; Robeson County Library inLumberton where, for some reason, I started my talk by saying that ITd bored peoplebefore, but never killed anyone, which got a lot of laughs until a man in the backrow keeled over with a heart attack; the amazing Elkin Public Library, situated on acreek over which lean on opposite banks what must be the stateTs largest and mostbeautiful beech and sycamore trees, to which I traveled on six successive Sundayafternoons in 1997 to talk about poetry to a dozen acolytes of verse (they loved theinscrutable A.R. Ammons), now old friends, where one Sunday the mayorTs wifepulled into the parking lot next to me as I was locking my car, and sweetly drawled,oWe donTt lock doors in Elkin�; the Yadkin County Library in Yadkinville, just a fewdoors down on Main Street from a fish camp, where a very old woman gave me therecipe for bird pie (any kind of bird); the Stanly County Library in Albemarle towhich I miraculously made it on time, nearly 80 miles in 90 minutes, back roads andtraffic signals notwithstanding, St. Christopher riding shotgun; the Union CountyLibrary in Monroe where I was presented after my talk with what still ranks as myfavorite honorarium of all time, apart from money, of course: a small two-bladed,brown-handled penknife that I still use when I fish; the Elbert Ivey Memorial Libraryin Hickory where the woman who introduced mepronounced my name a different way each time shemouthed it so for a while I forget myself how it is4 said; the Sandhills Regional Library in Rockingham,/ COU | d bow m y h ead an d recite th e where I met a woman who had been a student at; i i Black Mountain College; the Gaston County Librarylitany of libraries, 2 long roe where only five people showed for my reading,have traveled to in this fair s tate, three of whom were the librarian who had invited. F me, my wife, and myself; MooresvilleTs tiny publicand in each one there was @ SUI prise library thatTs impossible to find; Perquimanswaiting for me in the persons of County Library in historic Hertford where I snapped3 nae 4 a picture of my sons flanking the Catfish HunterN Or th Car oli na citizens fi er cel y monument, the sea air blowing in from theChowan Sound; the Thomas Hackney Braswellrd. ydevoted to the word Library in Rocky Mount; Ashe County PublicLibrary on a downtown West Jefferson peak sur-rounded by the Blue Ridge; the North RegionalLibrary in Raleigh; the opulent Morrison RegionalLibrary in Charlotte; University City Library inCharlotte; the Dallas Library; Watauga County Public Library, where a county com-missioner and a city councilwoman were in attendance for my reading, surely a signof radical local politics; the Davidson County Public Library, where I delivered a talkon Palm Sunday of last year, and was able at its conclusion to trot across Main Streetand pick up blessed Easter palm from a Latino Catholic Church; the DavidsonBranch Library in Northern Mecklenburg County.My visit in September of 1997 to the Mitchell County Library, way up in themountains, in Bakersville, merits special mention. Accompanied by my wife and twosons, then 10 and 5, we whirled out of Statesville in mid-afternoon and arrived,starving, not long before my talk at The Oaks, a bed and breakfast the library hadreserved for us. There are no motels in Bakersville. The Oaks was run by CindySharpe, a wonderfully friendly, accommodating woman, who had taken a writingworkshop I had taught years before at Mayland Community College. She and herNorth Carolina Libraries, Vol. 60 Spring / Summer 2002 " 7

& " Spring / Summer 2002husband, who was off on business, had recently bought the Oaks, an enormous oldthree-storied southern home with a wrap-around porch and balconies fringing eachfloor. It had been built in the early 1800s, and needed some work, but it was paintedwhite, and loomed quite cheerily against the firmament, Roan Mountain purplingin the dusk. I hurried in, changed into my requisite tie and coat, and, with direc-tions to HelenTs, the local cafe, a few doors down from the library, ripped intodowntown Bakersville.HelenTs was jammed. The menu featured the usual Southern fare. They hadItalian hoagies. I knew I was taking a chance, but I figured a sandwich would bequick. I had to eat. Growing twitchy with hunger, I watched the clock push towardseven oTclock which was when my program was scheduled to start. At five minutesuntil the hour, I left my family in HelenTs to dine without me. My first stop was thecar where I drank the kidsT little travel juice boxes, gnawed a pear to its nub, thensprinted along Main Street (the street of choice for public libraries in North Caro-lina) to the library.The Mitchell County Library, directly across the street from First Baptist Church,a big red brick building with painted white columns and a shiny white cupola, isstorefront-like, situated in a tiny intersection that I assume is the town square. Thus,from their panel of windows my audience, exactly thirty men and women, all very,very, very old and extra Caucasian, wondering where in the world I was, hadwatched me, their esteemed visiting scholar, come flying down the street, tighteninghis tie and still chewing. Realizing this at the last moment, with some mortification,I barged in on them, was greeted by the relieved librarian, my host, and sat throughher introduction, trying to get my breath.My subject was A Visitation of Spirits, by Randall Keenan. It is an a much-praised,finely written, unrelievedly grim and nihilistic tome written in a very impressionis-tic style about one night in the life of Horace Cross, a brilliant, homosexual, teen-aged black boy living in the stultifying small fictional North Carolina town of TimsCreek. Because of his self-loathing, Horace attempts through ceremonial magic toturn himself into a red-tailed hawk and when that does not work he wanders thelandscape naked and finally kills himself with his grandfatherTs shotgun in front ofhis minister cousin.No one liked the book. Many of the citizens there hadnTt finished it. They foundit profane, offensive. Why would anyone write such a book? What was wrong withyoung people today? What did those people in charge of the program (the oLetTsTalk about It Program,� administered by the North Carolina Humanities Council)mean sending them a book like this to read? Two old men unapologetically went tosleep. My head swiveled from disgruntled face to disgruntled face. I said things like,oYes, maTam� and oYes, sir.� I told them that I hadnTt written the book. I tried in mypresentation to guide them through its various levels " this is why othose people�had paid me " HoraceTs conflicts with his family, the church, the racist strangleholdthe rural South still had on him, and of course his sexuality. At each rebuff, myblood sugar dropped precipitously. Across the street the Baptist church seemed tosneer, then levitate with disapproval. Becoming nearly catatonic, I found myselfagreeing with them. Maybe it was a bad book.Thank God, time ran out and it was time for cookies, party mix and punch. I ranto the refreshments and starting shoveling it in before I fainted, while the audiencecrowded around me with some incredulity. Someone asked me where I was from. Ihated to tell them, but I had told enough lies for one night.oPennsylvania,� I nearly whispered.A few of the folks nodded. That explained it. I hurried to add that my wife wasfrom Georgia and my sons were native Tar Heels. They shook my hand and told mehow much they had enjoyed it. That after hearing me talk about the book, they hadfound a lot to like in it. I was quite a brainy fellow and they were proud to knowme. A few said that now maybe they'd go back and finish the book. Some sworethey still wouldnTt. No offense. They loaded me down with goodies to take back tomy family. One lady even gave me some poems of hers to critique. They hoped ITdNorth Carolina Libraries, Vol. 60~~ @3~ 2 ee 7 So -=~ "~"- w&

North Carolina Libraries, Vol. 60come back, and I assured them that that would be my pleasure.When I arrived back at The Oaks everyone was seated at a table set up in thefront yard, studying the harvest moon, pasted up against the Roan. Along withCindy and my family there were two other women, friends of Cindy: Shannon, whohad literally had her baby under water; and Holly, who had worked for a while atthe McDowell County Prison. We had lived in Old Fort for two years and I hadvisited that prison several times.In the summer of 1976, six weeks or so before I arrived in North Carolina, therehad been a horrible and controversial fire there. Once the fire started the officers incharge left the burning cellblock with the keys in fear of a purported escape and ranfor help. Nine inmates died. Holly and I chatted about this. She, of course, knewabout the fire. She told me that on the cellblock floor at the prison there are im-printed indelible outlines of the nine dead men " like the Hiroshima shadowgraphsof vaporized Japanese.Cindy told the story of waking once in the middle of the night in The Oaks andwitnessing hovering above her a grey-headed, olong-lipped,� old woman in a short-sleeved gingham dress. CindyTs small daughter had been sleeping with her, and thehovering woman had said, oI like her. SheTs sweet.�Cindy replied,�I like her too. But you better go before you scare her.� And thewoman vanished. Poof. You see things around here, Cindy told us. Plenty of soundstoo. We realized weTd be spending the night in a haunted house, which, now as themoon swelled and swelled, detaching itself from the mountain and threatening toroll into the yard, no longer looked so cozy, but somewhat sinister. The kids hadbeen down at the goat pen feeding the goats, so we were sure they hadnTt heard anyof this.I eventually got around to eating my sandwich from HelenTs which my wife hadtoted back in styrofoam. Then we went inside and got ready for bed. The boysrefused to sleep alone, so the four of us crowded into a big four-poster bed, the kinddead people rise from in Poe stories, in a cavernous room. All night the housechattered, the too bright moon nudged the deliquescent panes of antique glowingwindow glass, and the children kicked at us. I couldnTt stop thinking about AVisitation of Spirits.Mere hours later, at 6:15 a.m., we hit the pitch, fog-shrouded road and wendedour way down the mountain to the Piedmont and our home in Statesville. The kidswent to school " my wife home-schooled our older son " and I punched in atMitchell Community College. I met my first class, which was assigned to do re-search, at 9 oTclock in the College library. On the ground floor are periodicals, longrows of weighty reference texts, various machines and computers, photocopiers, allthe freight of technology. My students, intoxicated with twenty-first century artifi-cial intelligence, went to work, staring at screens that stared back at them.The books live on the next floor up, and I loved to take the white marble stepsup to them just to walk the stacks for respite like a beat cop, making sure all is wellin his neighborhood. When I came to the College in 1990 to teach English, I beganordering books for the library. Mainly books of contemporary poetry and fiction,areas where the collection was sorely lacking. For the next eleven years I orderedhundreds, especially from Spring Church Books in Pennsylvania, but also fromuniversity and small press catalogues. At least once a month I would turn in myfrequently voluminous picks to Rex Klett, the head librarian. Each time I fullyexpected a reprimand. What did I mean spending all this College money on books?Thousands of dollars. Who did I think I was?But I was never chided. In due time ITd receive a memo that the new books hadcome in and were awaiting my inspection before being shelved. ITd drop what I wasdoing and hurry down to the library and there theyTd be behind the main referencedesk on a three-tiered cart: Adrienne Rich, Richard Hugo, Jean Genet, University ofMichiganTs Poets on Poetry Series, all of Fielding DawsonTs books from Black Sparrowin California, a trove of books on the Beats, new bios of Samuel Beckett, Frank OTHara,and Robert Lowell, the journals of Thomas Merton, the novels of Paul Auster. And, theSpring / Summer 2002 " 9

10. " Spring / Summer 2002way I did when I was just a little boy, back on Larimer Avenue in the old East LibertyBranch, ITd pretend they were all mine, and theoretically they were.I memorized where they were shelved and at a momentTs notice could layhands either for a student or myself on Flannery OTConnorTs letters The Habit ofBeing or Martin EsslinTs The Theatre of the Absurd. 1 walked among them, pulling outthis one, then another, feeling in their spines immortality. Some ITd save for an-other day, but unable to refrain I grabbed a couple of newly shelved lithe volumesof poems, and headed back down to my charges. One of them met me at thebottom of the stairs with a question about parenthetical documentation. When Ifinished explaining to his satisfaction, he asked, oWhat's upstairs?�On the way home from work, I stopped at the Iredell Public Library where Ichatted with the librarians. At least two of them are poets. They informed me thatthe book my wife had asked them to hold was ready. I checked out a couple offoreign films, the only place in town to do such a thing, and a few oLone Rangers�for the boys. On the way out, I browsed the discard shelf: paperbacks a dime,hardbacks a quarter. I found eight mint condition Nevil Shute paperbacks. Unableto resist I hustled back to the checkout desk, dug in my pockets and realized IdidnTt have a cent.oT can write a check,� ITd said to Martha.oDonTt worry about it,� she said. oWeTll put it on your tab.�Instructions for Manuscript Preparation forNorth Carolina Libraries =North Carolina Libraries seeks to publish articles and reviews of print andnonprint materials of professional interest to North Carolina librarians andthe worldwide library community.Manuscripts should be double-spaced (text and notes) and submitted ondisc or e-mail attachment in Microsoft Word or Rich Text Format to AlJones, Editor, North Carolina Libraries, at jonesp@mail.ecu.edu.The name, position, and professional address of the author should appearin the bottom right-hand corner of a separate title page. Each page shouldbe numbered consecutively and carry the title (abbreviated, if necessary) inthe upper right-hand corner.Notes should appear at the end of the manuscript in a section calledoReferences.� The NCL editors will refer to The Chicago Manual of Style,latest edition. The basic citation formats for books and periodical articlesare as follows:1. Keyes Metcalf, Planning Academic and Research Library Buildings(New York: McGraw Hill, 1965), 416.2. Susan K. Martin, oThe Care and Feeding of the MARC Format,�American Libraries 10 (September 1970): 498.Photographs should be submitted in a digital format.The Editor will acknowledge receipt of each manuscript. Following thereview of a manuscript by at least two jurors, the decision to publish or notto publish will be communicated to the author, along with the expecteddate of publication on the Web at http://www.nclaonline.org/NCL.North Carolina Libraries holds the copyright for all published manuscripts.North Carolina Libraries is indexed by the H. W. Wilson Company forLibrary Literature. The Indexer of North Carolina Libraries prepares an annualindex that is published in the last issue of the calendar year.North Carolina Libraries, Vol. 60

Passing the Torch:Reminiscences with Frances Bryant Bradburn,Editor Emerita, North Carolina Libraries,1985-2002by Plummer Alston oAl� Jones, Jr.PAJ: Frances, we have been colleagues and friends since 1989 when I began mytenure with the Editorial Board of North Carolina Libraries. You have been aninspiration to me and to all your many friends in North Carolina and across thecountry. Your tireless dedication to making North Carolina Libraries the best statelibrary association journal in the country has resulted in the journal winning thecoveted H. W. Wilson Award for Best State Library Journal, not once, but twice, in1992 and 1995.We as members of the North Carolina Library Association owe you a debt ofgratitude that we will never be able to repay fully. I hope that you will allow usone further favor"sharing with us your reminiscences of your seventeen-yeartenure as Editor of North Carolina Libraries.When you began your tenure as Editor of North Carolina Libraries in 1985, atwhat point were you in your professional career? What convinced you to take onthe challenge? What were the concerns facing not only North Carolina Librariesbut also the North Carolina Library Association?FBB: Goodness, I was so new! I had just been hired as a regional media and technol-ogy consultant by the Department of Public Instruction, and was excited andenthusiastic about everything. Frankly, I didnTt need any convincing once myboss, Sam Shugart, said OK. That was the big hurdle " ogetting permission.� Itruly wanted and needed to work on this journal. As my mother has said,oFrances has always edited something.� ItTs a great love. As for concerns facingboth the journal and the Association, we were really in one of those goldeneras " at least I remember it as that " in which there were very few problems.There seemed to be enough money, everyone was getting along (at least Ithought they were!), and professional associations were considered vital to apersonTs professional career. It was a slower, quieter time " and I canTt believe ITmactually saying that. I sound like my grandmother!PAJ: What kept you going through seventeen years of editorship? Were therementors along the way who offered expertise and/or encouragement?FBB: Definitely the people, especially the NCL Editorial Board members. People soenjoyed doing a good job. We have just always had the best time together; it wasa social as well as a professional environment for all who participated. Anotherimportant thing that kept me going was that the membership continuously gaveme feedback that the journal was important to them. So many people told uswhat was important and we worked really hard to create a journal that met theNorth Carolina Libraries, Vol. 60 Spring / Summer 2002 " 11i eu ha Dn Dace ee aR tt Ze aN ec al) RA 5 Be cia nae ered i aghs Da oe, e

entire membershipTs needs, not just one segment of the Association. As for men-tors, frankly the gentleman who handled the printing of the journal when I tookover, Bob Renkenbil, basically walked me through the process regardless of whatit was. He taught me how to do a paste-up " thatTs how NCL was laid out then "it was like cutting out paper dolls " how to calculate pagination, everything. Hewas a true friend and it was very difficult to tell him that we were moving on tothe computer.PAJ: What were the highpoints of your tenure as Editor of North Carolina Libraries?Were there issues of the journal that you felt were especially noteworthy andtimely in their coverage of topics of interest to the library community at large?FBB: I have to confess that one of the greatest experiences was redesigning thejournal back in the early 1990s. We went from a small journal to a full-sizedmagazine with a photographed cover. These were HUGE steps for the journal. PatWeathersbee and I did this at her house after work several Fridays over the courseof those few months. Gary would cook dinner and Pat and I would pore over herlatest layout design. It was the most heady experience imaginable, almost likebirthing a baby!As for individual issues, I have always loved the local history issues " theyreally were the essence in great how-to-do-this-well manuals. And the issue inwhich we interviewed our older library leaders. They have so much to teach us. Ihope you will continue those interviews on an occasional basis. We did anoextra� issue back in 1992 oCrisis in Librarianship.� Howard McGinn was guesteditor, and I think it clinched the second H.W. Wilson Award for us. (Yes, therewere actually three H.W. Wilson Awards. The first was awarded in 1981, whenJonathan Lindsey was editor.) And, of course, I canTt forget the 50th anniversaryissue. My research for the history of the journal led to my entire future personallife " John Welch!PAJ: Realizing that every endeavor has its disappointments as well as its elations,what were some of the problems you encountered as Editor? Were there situa-tions you would have handled differently, if you were given the opportunity toaddress them afresh?FBB: I guess my greatest disappointments came with some regularity. Having toreject an article has always been hard for me. People have so much of themselvesinvested when they write an article and send it off for publication " I know thatfrom first-hand experience! Telling them that it needed work or was just notacceptable was horrible, and frankly, I often procrastinated. Another huge disap-pointment for me was when the school librarians decided to leave NCLA. I willalways believe that we are more effective as one rather than separate organiza-tions, but I just couldnTt fight the overwhelming sentiment on that.What would I handle differently? I donTt spend a whole lot of time askingmyself that question, but I guess I would have spent more time doing the job"Inever felt I gave it enough time, especially the last couple of years. There wasalways something that could have been done better if I could have devoted moretime to it.PAJ: What have been the most difficult problems facing the North Carolina LibraryAssociation throughout the years of your tenure as Editor of North CarolinaLibraries? How was the publication of the journal affected by those problems?FBB: Money, and NCL was at the heart of issue. North Carolina Libraries has alwaysbeen the major Association expense, and constantly justifying its existence wasstressful and oh, so frustrating, We really were a very inexpensive publicationwhen you looked at the cost of printing newsletters and bulletins, BUT we were a12 " Spring / Summer 2002 North Carolina Libraries, Vol. 60

North Carolina Libraries, Vol. 60huge expense regardless of the rationale. It was the most inexpensive professionaldevelopment anyone ever invested in, but it still was tough to finance. Andbasically the journal stopped growing because ofit. We all know that nothing stays stagnant; iteither goes forward or backward. I believe thatinertia was hard for all of us to be a part of. Foryears we tried to make it appear that it wasgrowing by changing features, etc., but ITm notsure we fooled anyone. Definitely not me!PAJ: How do you view the transition from the printto the electronic publication of North CarolinaLibraries? Are there special pitfalls that I as thenew Editor and the new Editorial Board shouldavoid?FBB: It was inevitable and it is certainly morefinancially viable. In truth, I worry about thewonderful professional growth and social experi-ences that will be lost without the editorial board meetings. I know I would havehad a hard time building up a sense of community and loyalty without theregular face-to-face contact that our meetings and the yearly retreat fostered. Ialso confess to wondering who really reads online journals. I use them for re-search, but I donTt just browse them at the doctorTs office, during lunch " youknow what ITm saying. ITm delighted that you plan to do at least one printissue " of the entire yearTs articles. I think thatTs a great compromise, and ITll lookforward to getting my first issue!PAJ: Where are you now in terms of your professional career and what do you thinkwill be filling your time now that you have decided to step down as Editor ofNorth Carolina Libraries? What are the special challenges and exciting opportuni-ties ahead for you?FBB: LetTs not even go there! ITm writing this after having riffed 3 people in mydivision during this horrible state budget crisis and as we are waiting to find outthe fate of our programs for the coming year. My greatest challenge is trying tokeep school library media and instructional technology programs funded " andpeople in those positions " during this devastating time in our stateTs history.ThatTs only considered exciting if you have a perverse sense of adventure!PAJ: What special advice do you have for me as the new Editor and for the newEditorial Board of the electronic North Carolina Libraries?FBB: Have fun and learn everything you can. I have said many times that workingon the North Carolina Libraries Editorial Board was the very best professionaldevelopment experience anyone can have. You are exposed to so many ideas aswell as all the different areas of librarianship, and you are challenged to make ourprofession understandable and important to others. ItTs a wonderful opportu-nity " celebrate it!PAJ: Thank you for sharing your reminiscences from your special vantage point asNorth Carolina Libraries Editor Emerita. I know that the members of the EditorialBoard and I will be calling on you frequently for advice based on your seventeenyears of experience at the helm of the best state library journal in the nation.Enjoy life to the fullest, Frances, and remember that your opinions matter nowmore than ever!Spring / Summer 2002 " 17

Making Connections:North Carolina Librariesand Grantmaking Foundationsby Janice Steed Lewisibraries of all types face funding challenges. From the small public librarycompeting with police and fire departments for scarce tax dollars to thelarge academic library hit by double-digit inflation rates for journal sub-scriptions, libraries often must look to outside funding sources to supple-ment their budgets.Grantmaking foundations are a fertile source of funds. In 2000,foundations in the United States made grants of approximately $27.6 billion, anincrease of $4.3 billion from the previous year.! Libraries receive a respectable shareof these funds, but there is undoubtedly room for growth. For example, the Foun-dation Center recently analyzed grants of $10,000 or more awarded in 1999 by1,016 large foundations. These foundations awarded 108,169 grantswith a total dollar value of $11,574,183,000. The largest share ofG rantmaking grants " over 26% " went to educational institutions. These grantswere valued at $4,070,185,000 " 35.2% of the total awarded. Librar-foun da tions are ies received less than one percent of all grants (706) with a value ofa fertile source $95,011,000 (0.8%) of the total. Arts/humanities organizations14 " Spring / Summer 2002received 3.7% of all grants, while museums/historical societiesof funds. received 4.2%.�Past articles in North Carolina Libraries have addressed libraryfundraising in general, offered advice on how to write winning grantproposals, and given fundraising tips.* This article focuses ongrantmaking foundations " what they are and how to obtain information aboutthem. It also identifies a number of foundations that have made grants to NorthCarolina libraries in the recent past, as well as others that appear to be good targetsfor funding proposals from libraries.Types of FoundationsA foundation is oa nongovernmental, nonprofit organization with its own funds "and program managed by its own trustees and directors that was established tomaintain or aid educational, social, charitable, religious, or other activities servingthe common welfare, primarily by making grants to other nonprofit organiza-tions.�* Foundations can be categorized as either community or private.Community foundations are publicly sponsored organizations that makegrants for social, educational, religious, or other charitable purposes in a specificcommunity or region. Their funds are derived from many donors rather than aNorth Carolina Libraries, Vol. 60oe " "-"""" ee a

single source, as is usually the case with private foundations. Funds are held in anendowment and the income earned is used to make grants. Community founda-tions are usually classified under the tax law as public charities and are subject todifferent rules and regulations than private foundations.° Giving by communityfoundations is growing faster than giving by other types of foundations, rising anestimated 21.5% in 2000, following a record 26.8% in 1999. During the last decade,giving by community foundations quadrupled.°®Private foundations are divided into three types: independent, company-sponsored, and operating foundations. Independent foundations are grant-makingorganizations whose funds usually come from an individual or family.� Examplesinclude the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, The Duke Endowment, and the Z.Smith Reynolds Foundation. Independent foundations traditionally make themajority of grants to libraries.®Company-sponsored or corporate foundations are private foundations whosegrant funds are derived from the contributions of a profit-making business. Acompany-sponsored foundation may have close ties with the business and take thecompanyTs interests into account, but it is a separate legal entity. Direct corporategiving programs, by contrast, are administered within the company itself.? Promi-nent company-sponsored foundations include the Hewlett-Packard CompanyFoundation, BellSouth Foundation, and the Duke Energy Foundation. The largenumber of recent corporate mergers has had a deleterious effecton the number of company-sponsored foundations. While allother types of foundations increased from 1998 to 1999, thenumber of corporate foundations dropped slightly.!° For example,North Carolina is home to NationsBank Foundation, located in Charlotte, terminated whenseveral large foundations.North Carolina Libraries, Vol. 60NationsBank merged with BankAmerica. NationsBankFoundationTs assets were transferred to the new Bank of AmericaFoundation.!! A similar outcome is likely when First UnionCorporation and Wachovia Corporation complete their merger. In1999, The First Union Foundation ranked nineteenth in totaldollars awarded in the state of North Carolina by foundations, while The WachoviaFoundation was twentieth. Combined, the two funds would have ranked elev-enth.!2 Only time will tell if the combined foundation will maintain this level ofgiving in the state.Operating foundations are private foundations that use their resources toconduct research or provide a direct service. An operating foundation may awardsome grants but the total is relatively small compared to the funds used for thefoundationTs own programs.!° The J. Paul Getty Trust is the largest operating foun-dation in the United States.'4 The Henry J. Kaiser Family Foundation and the CaseyFamily Program are other well-known operating foundations.Giving in North CarolinaNorth Carolina is home to several large foundations. Bank of America Foundation,the Duke Endowment, Foundation for the Carolinas (a community foundation),and Burroughs Wellcome Fund (an independent foundation) are on the 2001Foundation Directory list of top 100 foundations by giving.T The Duke Endowmentand Burroughs Wellcome Fund, along with the Kate B. Reynolds Charitable Trust(an independent foundation), qualified for the Foundation CenterTs list of top 100foundations by assets.!°Not surprisingly, four of these five foundations (all but Burroughs WellcomeFund) are among the top grantmakers in the state. Joining them are Z. SmithReynolds Foundation, The Cannon Foundation, and William R. Kenan, Jr. Chari-table Trust (all based in North Carolina), and three out-of-state foundations: TheFord Foundation, Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, and The Robert Wood JohnsonFoundation.!�The Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation made $35,117,615 in grants for olibrariesSpring / Summer 2002 " 19

16 " Spring / Summer 2002and public access to information� in 1999 and $69,784,783 in 2000.!8 The bulk ofthese grants were made through the foundationTs U.S. Library Program, whosemission is to opartner with public libraries to bring access to computers, theInternet, and digital information for patrons in low-income communities in theUnited States and Canada.�!� States are prioritized for funding according toneed.�° North Carolina was included in the third round of funding. In 2000,libraries in the state received $5,801,080.2!Researching foundationsPrint and online directories are helpful sources of information about foundations.These directories usually list large and/or representative grants made by founda-tions, but often do not provide a comprehensive list of grants. They usually noterestrictions specific foundations impose, such as geographic limits, or prohibitionson the use of funds for capital projects or operating support. Much of the informa-tion contained in directories comes from the filings foundations make with theInternal Revenue Service. Most of these filings are now available on public Websites, so that researchers have access to the complete primary source material itselfand can get it in a more timely fashion than is provided by many directories.Foundations are generally exempt from federal income taxation under section501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code. However, if a foundation has annual grossreceipts in excess of $25,000 it must file an annual information return. Privatefoundations must file a Form 990-PF: Return of Private Foundation or Section4947(a)(1) Nonexempt Charitable Trust Treated as a Private Foundation. Other tax-exempt organizations, including community foundations, must file Form 990,Return of Organization Exempt From Income Tax, or Form 990-EZ, Short FormReturn of Organization Exempt From Income Tax.�� These forms require thefoundation to provide information about its revenue, assets, operating expenses,contributions, grants paid, compensation of officers and trustees, employee sala-ties, and program funding areas. Form 990-PF also requires that a foundationindicate if it only makes contributions to preselected charitable organizations anddoes not accept unsolicited requests for funds. If it makes grants under otherconditions, it must provide information about grant application procedures,submission deadlines, and any restrictions or limitations on awards. This informa-tion is found in Part XV, Line 2 of Form 990-PF. The grantseeker may want toexclude foundations that do not accept unsolicited requests from its initial list ofpotential targets. It might decide to pursue a longer-term strategy aimed at inform-ing the foundation about its programs, accomplishments and goals, with theultimate aim of becoming a opreselected� beneficiary. Likewise, the informationabout geographic restrictions will help the grantseekers identify foundations withparticular interest in their geographic areas and exclude those that focus elsewhere.Analyzing past grants made by foundations can help grantseekers identify thebest matches between their program interests and foundationsT funding interests.Part XV, Line 3 of the 990-PF form " oGrants and Contributions Paid During theYear or Approved for Future Payment� " provides this information. The founda-tion must list the name and address of each grant recipient, the purpose of thegrant, and the amount. If a foundation makes more than ten or fifteen grants peryear, it usually attaches a separate schedule that lists them. Grantseekers can alsocheck Part I, Line 25 of the 990-PF form to get a quick appraisal of a foundationTsgrantmaking capacity. It provides the total of the ocontributions, gifts, grants paid�during the tax year.Comparable information can be found on 990 and 990-EZ returns. Part I, Line22 gives the total of grants and allocations made during the tax year. A schedulemust be attached which lists the recipientTs name, address, amount given, and typeof activity. Part III of the 990 return asks the organization to describe its accom-plishments for its four largest program service areas.Private and community foundations must make their last three annual infor-mation returns available for public inspection. The organization is required toNorth Carolina Libraries, Vol. 60

North Carolina Libraries, Vol. 60deprovide copies of these documents upon request without charge (other than areasonable fee for reproduction and postage costs). However, if the organizationhas made its return owidely available� by posting it on the organizationTs WorldWide Web page or having it posted as part of a Web-based database of similarreturns, it does not have to comply with individual requests for copies of itsreturn.�* Two nonprofit groups, Guide Star: The National Database of NonprofitOrganizations and the Urban InstituteTs National Center for Charitable Statistics,have developed free Web sites containing databases of 990 and 990-PF returns.The databases can be searched by foundation name, keyword, geographic loca-tion, or employer identification number.*4 Grantsmart.org has a free databasethat includes only 990-PF returns.°The Foundation Center is another wonderful tool for grantmakers andgrantseekers alike. Established by foundations, its mission is to support andimprove institutional philanthropy by promoting public understanding of thefoundation field and helping grantseekers succeed. It collects, organizes, anddisseminates information on U.S. philanthropy; conducts research on trends;provides education and training on the grantseeking process; and ensures publicaccess to information and services through its Web site, print and electronicpublications, five libraries, and a national network of cooperating collections.�°The Foundation CenterTs Web site includes:" Statistics" prospect worksheet- list of more than 200 Cooperating Collections around the U.S. which makethe Foundation CenterTs publications and usually its database accessible tothe public" gateway to foundation Web sites" the Foundation Finder " a free look-up tool that provides basic facts onmore than 61,000 private and community foundations in the U.S.(particularly useful for those that do not have Web sites)" 990-PF search feature, using GrantSmart.org database- proposal writing short courses"articles from Philanthropy News Digest-a bibliographic database called oLiterature of the Nonprofit Sector�?�Many large foundations issue annual reports and/or have Web pages thatcontain information useful to grantseekers. Some, however, only list selectedgrants (usually grants above a certain amount, or grants that are representative ofthe foundationTs subject and/or geographic focus). The thorough researcher willstill want to check the foundationTs 990 or 990-PF filing to help identify the mostlikely potential donors.Other valuable sources of information include North Carolina Giving, publishedby Capital Development Services.?® A Web version of the directory called NorthCarolina Giving Online offers more frequent updating of foundation profiles. It canbe searched by subject, county, foundation name, and name of individual deci-sion-makers. Capital Development Services also has a free e-mail alerting servicethat provides updated information about selected foundations based in the stateand a free online counsel service.�?The following tables identify foundations that either have made grants tolibraries in the state recently or that appear to be good candidates for doing so.The first table consists of foundations located in the state that have made grantsto libraries or Friends of Library groups within the state. The second table listsnational foundations that make grants in North Carolina and give to libraries (buthave not necessarily made grants to libraries within the state). The third tablecontains foundations that give in North Carolina and give to educational andcultural institutions, but not specifically to libraries. All the foundations acceptunsolicited requests for funds, as of the date sources were checked. None (exceptThe Kresge Foundation) places restrictions or limitations on funding, apart fromSpring / Summer 2002 "" 17

North Carolina-related geographic restrictions, and each lists funding interests thatappear to be good matches for many library-related grant proposals. Informationabout these foundations was obtained from their Web pages, their annual reports,and the most recent 990 and 990-PF returns available in September 2001. Twoyears of data is provided for some foundations, to show variations in the scope oftheir funding interests.Twenty-four foundations are included in the first table. They range in size fromthe Hurley-Trammel Foundation, which made grants of $134,000 in 1999, to theBank of America Foundation, which made more than $90 million in grants nation-wide. Seven community foundations are listed. Libraries may wish to investigatemore closely funding possibilities from community foundations. These organiza-tions are seeing rapid growth in their asset value and have increased both thenumber and the size of grants made. By definition, they have a local focus andappear to be good targets for library grant proposals, particularly those aimed atprogramming, outreach efforts and focused collection development. As the tableindicates, several areas of the state have their own community foundations. Mostother areas of the state are served by the North Carolina Community Foundation.This umbrella organization has 47 community affiliates, each with its own board ofdirectors. Each affiliate makes its own determinations about spending funds locally.*°The North Carolina Humanities Council made the largest number of grants tolibraries. The Council makes planning grants, mini-grants for scholar stipends andtravel expenses, and large grants for lecture/discussion series, performances, discus-sions, exhibits, film/video/radio productions, etc. Many of the library grantsawarded in 2000 were made as part of the CouncilTs oLetTs Talk About It� readingand discussion program.*!Six foundations located outside the state were selected to represent the varietyof opportunities available to grantseekers. Corporate foundations in particular arelikely to make grants in communities in which corporate branches or plants arelocated. For example, FMC Foundation, located in Chicago, is a company-spon-sored foundation that concentrates giving inlocations where it has plants, including Gastoniaand Bessemer City. With independent foundations,Al though much work will remain in a connection between the person or persons whowriting the grant proposal, makingthe connectionestablished the foundation and the state or com-munity is often vital. In the case of the Janirvebetween libraries and Foundation, the foundation is officially located inFlorida, but the majority of its grantmaking ing rantm aki ng f oun dati ons focused on western North Carolina and most of its18 " Spring / Summer 2002has never been easier. officers live in that area. The Kresge Foundation isone of the few foundations that emphasizes grantsfor capital projects, including construction, reno-vation and purchasing real estate and majorequipment. It has funded numerous library renovation and expansion projectsacross the country for both public and academic libraries. However, certain organi-zations, including elementary and secondary schools and community colleges, areineligible for grants.°�The 23 foundations listed in the third table have funding interests compatiblewith many library needs. These foundations have made numerous grants to publicand private schools, colleges and universities, museums, literacy programs, andsimilar organizations in North Carolina.The foundations profiled here are just a starting point for the determinedgrantseeker. Using the tools described in this article, he or she will be able toidentify additional grantmaking foundations whose funding interests match thegrantseekerTs program needs, ascertain the foundationTs size, verify grant applica-tion procedures, and obtain contact information. Although much work will remainin writing the grant proposal, making the connection between libraries andgrantmaking foundations has never been easier.North Carolina Libraries, Vol. 60

Table 1: North Carolina foundations that made grants to libraries or Friends of Library groups withinthe state: |Financial 990-PF Line 25 /Name Location Year-end 990 Line 22 Grants to Libraries AmountBank of America $90,999,532Foundation Charlotte 12/31/99 $6,547,029 innc | Public Library of Charlotte $ 35,000BurlingtonIndustries Greensboro 9/30/00 $ 833,546 Braswell Memorial Library $ 2,500FoundationCannon Friends of the Harrisburg Branch Lib. $150,000Foundation Concord 9/30/99 $9,913,819 Union Co Library Fdn. $ 30,000Appalachian Community LawCenterLibrary/Resource Center $ 2,500Cannon Avery-Mitchell-Yancey Reg. Library $ 25,000Foundation Concord 9/30/00 $9,250,163 Belmont Abbey College(library renewal) $ 50,000Friends of Madison Co. Library $ 25,000Town of Scotland Neck (lib. addition) $ 25,000Cape FearCommunity Wilmington 9/30/99 $ 409,662 Friends of New Hanover Pub. Library $ 1,000FoundationCape FearCommunity Wilmington 9/30/00 $ 697,498 Friends of New Hanover Pub. Library $ 3,824FoundationCommunityFoundation of Greensboro 6/30/99 5)739)633 Friends of Greensboro Public Library $212,500Greater GSOCumberlandCommunity Fayetteville 6/30/99 $ 1,526,596 Annie H. McEachern Public LibraryFoundation Cumberland County Public LibraryDover Foundation $ 1,088,213 Cleveland County Lib SystemWilkes County Public LibraryBurke Co. Public LibraryDauphin Co. LibraryFriends of Hilton Head Br. LibraryFirst Union Fdn. Charlotte 12/31/98 $19,449,564 Galax-Carroll Regional Lib. Fdn.Friends of the Durham LibraryJacob S. Mauney Mem. LibraryRobeson County Public LibraryWatauga Co. Public LibraryCleveland County Mem. Library8/31/99A] FHF OO HF 8! OOFoundation for the Public Library of Charlotte &Carolinas Charlotte 12/31/98 $17,001,133 Mecklenburg County $ 25,381Union County Library Fdn. $ 5,200Harry L. DaltonFoundation Charlotte (Maye) $ 170,000 Duke University Libraries $ 5,000Harry L. Dalton Manlius Library $Foundation Charlotte 7/31/00 $ 251,240 Pub. Lib. of Charlotte & Mecklenburg $ 3,000Hillsdale Fund Greensboro 12/31/98 $ 1,750,800 Friends of Greensboro Public Library $ 50,000Hurley-TrammellFoundation Salisbury 12/31/99 $ 134,000 Rowan Public Library $ 5,000Jefferson-Pilot Greensboro Public Library $ 37,500Foundation Greensboro 11/30/99 $ 1,789,520 Pub. Lib. of Charlotte/Mecklenburg $ 100J.W. BurressFoundation Winston-Salem 12/31/99 $ 514,900 UNC Friends of the Library $ 1,000Mary Duke Biddle Friends of Durham Library $ 2,000Foundation Durham 12/31/99 $ 1,240,145 New Garden Fr School Library $ 3,500North Carolina Libraries, Vol. 60 Spring / Summer 2002 " 19ES ana 4

Table 1 continued ...Financial 990-PF Line 25 /Name Location Year-end 990 Line 22 Grants to Libraries AmountMary Norris Preyer Greensboro Public Library $ 5,000Foundation Greensboro 6/30/99 $ 172,000 Reading Connections $ 2,000MermansFoundation Matthews 12/31/00 $ 1,990,955 Matthews Library $ 25,000Friends of Emerald Isle Library $ 500North Carolina Friends of Kinston-Lenoir CountyCommunity Raleigh 3/31/99 $ 967,394 Public Library $ 500Foundation Watauga Library $----900Macon County Public Library $ 1,400Granite Falls & Hudson Libraries $ 1,500North Carolina Friends of Madison Co. Library $ 1,000Community Fdn. Raleigh 3/31/00 $ 963,664 Hickory Public Library $ 19,300Leslie Perry Memorial Library $ 1,000Archdale Library Friends $ 1,000Davie County Public Library $ 1,000Stanly County Public Library $ 1,000Macon County Public Library $ 1,000Friends of Transylvania County Lib. $ 1,000Ashe County Public Library $ 1,000North Carolina Braswell Memorial Library $ 1,000Humanities Council Greensboro 10/31/00 $, 239,075 Hickory Public Library $ 1,000Onslow County Public Library $ 1,000Shepard-Pruden Memorial Library $ 1,000Pettigrew Regional Library $ 1,000Davie County Public Library boi 5 SOOAsheville-Buncombe Library $ 1,000Friends of Haywood Co. Pub. Library $ 1,000Lilly Pike Sullivan Municipal Library $ 1,000Avery-Mitchell-Yancey Reg. Library $ 1,000Carteret County Public Library $ 1,000King Public Library $ 1,000StonecutterFoundation Spindale 3/31/00 $ 517,230 Spindale Public Library $ 5,000Friends of Chapel Hill Library $= LOONorth Carolina Research Friends of Health Sciences Library $500Triangle Triangle 6/30/99 $ 6,061,202 UNC Health Sciences Aff Library $ 2,500Community Park Friends of the Lib. at UNC-CH $750Foundation Southwest Harbor Public Library $ 500WachoviaFoundation Winston-Salem 12/31/99 $10,171,030 CEL Regional Library Fdn $ 3,000WeaverFoundation Greensboro 12/31/98 $1,706,450 Greensboro Public Library $ 15,000Destin Library $ 5,000Winston-Salem Forsyth County Library $ 6,608Foundation Winston-Salem 12/31/98 $ 11,340,720 Elkin Public Library $ 3,067Fogler Library $-"--50020 " Spring / Summer 2002North Carolina Libraries, Vol. 60

Table 2: Selected foundations located outside the state that either have made grants to libraries in thestate or that have made grants within the state and to libraries elsewhere:Name LocationFinancialYear-end990-PF Line 25 /990 Line 22Representative Grants toLibraries & to NC RecipientsPierpont Morgan LibraryNew York Public LibraryAmount$$ABC Broadcasting New York City 12/31/99 $ 2,930,184 St. AugustineTs College $ 7,500Foundation Fayetteville State University $ 5,000N.C. Central University $ 5,600Shaw University $ 5,000N.C. Museum of Life & Science $Pierpont Morgan Library $Drue Heinz Trust Pittsburgh 12/31/99 $ 2,524,355 Sewickley Public Library $Beginning With Books $ 20,000Rockland (ME) Pub. Lib. $ 33,000Enoch Pratt Library (Pittsburgh) $ 2,500FMC Foundation Chicago 11/30/98 $ 1,841,256 Hoopeston Public Library $ 2,000S. Charleston (WV) Pub. Library $Chicago Public Library $Salvation Army of Gastonia $Carteret (NJ) Free Pub. Library $ 1,100Chicago Pub. Lib. Fdn. $ 2,000FMC Foundation Chicago 11/30/00 $ 2,146,793 Enoch Pratt Lib. (Pittsburgh) $ 2,000Free Library of Philadelphia $ 2,500Newberry Library (Chicago) $ 5,000Rockland (ME) Pub. Library $ 34,000Janirve Avery-Mitchell-Yancey RegionalFoundation Palm Beach 12/31/99 $ 4,210,202 Library $ 20,000Bloomfield College (NJ: library) $ 500,000Carthage College (WI: library) $ 800,000Claremont School of TheologyKresge Foundation Troy, MI 12/31/00 $132,043,000 (CA: library) $ 400,000(from 2000 College of Charleston (SC: library) $ 700,000Annual Report) Davidson College $ 900,000Guilford College $1,000,000Johnson C. Smith University $ 500,000Peace College $ 500,000Elon College $ 250,000Wingate University $ 250,000UW Gladys B. Thayer Oceanic Free Library $ 5,000Gladys Brooks New York City 12/31/98 $ 1,247,000 Friends of Shelter IslandFoundation Library Society $ 5,000UW Gladys B. Thayer Friends of Shelter IslandGladys Brooks New York City 12/31/00 $ 1,830,080 Library Society $ 10,000FoundationNorth Carolina Libraries, Vol. 60Spring / Summer 2002 " 21Winterthur Museum, Garden & Lib. $ 100,000

Table 3: Foundations that give in North Carolina and give to educational and cultural institutions, butnot specifically to North Carolina libraries:990-PF Line 25 /990 Line 22FinancialYear-endName LocationA.E. Finley $1,532,755Foundation Raleigh 11/30/99 ($857,885 toeducationalgroups)Alex HembyFoundation Charlotte 12/31/98 $560,433Charlotte 5/31/99Belk Foundation $2,504,914Belk TylerFoundation Charlotte 12/01/98 $ 591,096Broyhill FamilyFoundation Lenoir 12/31/99 $1,851,495Bryan Foundation Raleigh 6/30/99 $ 222,500Representative Grants AmountN.C. State Univ.Campbell UniversityPeace College216,b2510,00030,000$$Cecil Community College 1,000Triangle Radio Reading Serv. 3,000Wake County Literacy Council 5,000UNC-Educ. Fdn.Davidson College -Queens CollegeMuseum of the New SouthAppalachian State UniversityDavidson CollegeShaw UniversityQueens CollegeGaston Co. Literacy CounciMuseum of the New SouthGreensboro ChildrenTs MuseumForestview High School25,0001,000,00014,0005,00040,00050,00025,00010,000Davidson College 101,602Nash Community College 10,000East Carolina University 73,880Methodist College 102,754Barton College 10,000Rocky Mount Academy 6,000Meredith College 100,000Converse College 50,000163,800Education Fdn. of Caldwell Co. 10,775South Caldwell High School 5,000Hickory Museum of Art 1,150Caldwell Co. Historical Society 2,500Mt. Olive College 50,000Meredith College 10,000Hobbton High School 15,000Duke University 5,000C. Hamilton Sloan 12/31/99FoundationRaleigh $ 327,250Carolina Power &Light Foundation(now called ProgressEnergy Foundation)Winston-Salem 12/31/99 $4,997,137Greensboro 12/31/99Cemala Foundation $1,662,92722 " Spring / Summer 2002$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$Caldwell Comm. Col. & Tech. Inst. $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$N.C. Art Museum 1,000Wake Education 1,000Mt. Olive College 10,000Campbell University 10,000East Carolina University 30,000Fayetteville State University 25,000Piedmont Community College 25,000Johnston Community College 2,000Person County Education 10,000Asheville City Schools 4,000Exploris 100,000Chatham Co. Educ. Fdn. 8,750Wake Co. Communities in Schools 30,000Greensboro College 13,000Guilford College 75,000NC A&T 50,000High Point/Greensboro Communityin Schools S235, 000Oak Ridge Military Academy $ 27,500Guilford County Schools $ 720,816North Carolina Libraries, Vol. 60

Table 3 continued ...Financial 990-PF Line 25 /Name Location Year-end 990 Line 22 Representative Grants AmountGreensboro College $ 50,000Cemala Foundation Greensboro 12/31/00 $1,377,422 Guilford County Schools $ 427,280UNC-Wilmington $ 10,000Coltec Charitable Charlotte 6/30/00 $22,725 Communities in Schools 7257000Foundation West Des Moines Lib. Friends Fdn. $ 5,000Queens CollegeDee and Rick Ray Charlotte 12/31/99 $ 321,536 N.C. School of the ArtsFoundation Charlotte Prep Middle SchoolCentral Piedmont Com. Col.Davidson CollegeElon CollegeLenoir Rhyne CollegeDickson Foundation Charlotte 12/31/99 $1,068,527 N.C. Central Univ. Fdn.Pfeiffer CollegeMuseum of the New SouthN.C. Museum of ArtThomasville High SchoolDoak Finch Charlotte 10/31/99 $ 235,000 Thomasville City SchoolsFoundation Davidson Co. Comm. CollegeDavidson Co. Comm. CollegeComm. Schools of ThomasvilleDoak Finch Charlotte 10/31/00 $ 247,000 Arts Council of Davidson Co.Foundation East Davidson High SchoolThomasville City SchoolsBelmont Abbey CollegeDavidson CollegeFirst Gaston Gastonia 9/30/99 $ 589,517 Gardner Webb UniversityFoundation Gaston Co. Tech. High SchoolGaston Literacy CouncilGaston Co. Museum of Art & History$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$Belmont Abbey College $Davidson College $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$Gardner-Webb UniversityFirst Gaston Gastonia 9/30/00 $1,179,512 Gaston CollegeFoundation Gaston Co. Museum of Art & HistoryGaston Co. Tech. High SchoolGaston Literacy CouncilUNC WilmingtonMethodist CollegeFlorence Rogers Fayetteville 3/31/00 S97 9 Robeson Comm. Col. Fdn.Charitable Trust Louisburg CollegeFayetteville State UniversityCC Schools (combined)Durham Tech. Community Col.Glaxo Research Guilford CollegeWellcome Triangle 12/31/99 $ 4,762,892 UNC School of Public HealthFoundation ParkU NC-WilmingtonShaw UniversityEast Carolina University Fdn.Irwin Belk Furman UniversityEducational Charlotte 12/31/98 $ 340,000 Winston-Salem State Univ.Foundation175,000325,000508,152172,000300,00075,000100,00010,00090,00050,00025,00050,00010,00050,0003,000Wingate UniversityCatawba CollegeDavie Family YMCAJ.F. Hurley Salisbury 12/31/99 $ 559,200 East Rowan YMCAFoundation Livingstone CollegeN.C. Transportation MuseumRowan MuseumNorth Carolina Libraries, Vol. 60 Spring / Summer 2002 " 23See Gace nae

Table 3 continued ...FinancialLocation Year-endLance Foundation Charlotte 6/30/99990-PF Line 25 /990 Line 22$ 379,500Smith Family Burlington 6/30/99$ 138,000Representative GrantsCrees AEIndep. College Fund of NCCommunities in SchoolsCentral Piedmont CommunityCollege FoundationAlamance Community. Col. Fd.Burlington Day SchoolAHAFoundationThomas AustinFinch FoundationTom Davis FundWinston-Salem 12/31/99Winston-Salem 12/31/99$ 468,093$ 283,640Z. Smith ReynoldsFoundation24 " Spring / Summer 2002Winston-Salem 12/31/99$12,986,763References1 Loren Renz and Steven Lawrence,Foundation Growth and GivingEstimates: 2000 Preview (New York:Foundation Center, 2001), 3 http://www.fdncenter.org/research/trends_analysis/pdf/fgge01.pdf(September Go 2001):Distribution of Grants by Field-Specific Recipient Type, circa 1999(New York: Foundation Center, 2001)http://www.fdncenter.org/fc_stats/pdf/0S_fund_recp/1999/11_99.pdfmeptember 6, 2001).Joline R. Ezzell, oA Twelve-StepProgram for Stronger Grant Propos-als,� North Carolina Libraries 53(Spring 1995): 6-7; Steve Sumerford,oCareful Planning: The FundraisingEdge,� North Carolina Libraries 53(Spring 1995): 3-5.4 David G. Jacobs, assoc. ed., TheFoundation Directory 2001 Edition (NewYork, The Foundation Center, 2001), vii.~Jacobs, viii, xxi.6 Renz and Lawrence, 8.7 Jacobs, viii.8 Janet Camarena, oA Wealth ofInformation on Foundations and theGrant Seeking Process,� Computers inLibraries 20 (May 2000): 26-31 http://www.infotoday.com/cilmag/may00/Greensboro CollegePiedmont SchoolWestchester AcademyDavidson County Educ. Fdn.Thomasville City SchoolsCape Fear MuseumGreenhills SchoolGuilford Tech. Comm. Col.Summit SchoolSalem CollegeAppalachian State UniversityEast Carolina UniversityElizabeth City State UniversityFayetteville State UniversityGuilford CollegeLenoir Rhyne CollegeWake County Literacy CouncilWest Lenoir Elem. School5001,500100,0002,5001,00045,00050,00050,00030,00010,0009,00035,00035,000AH HF HF HH | HHH OH HO | OO | OHcamarena.htm (September 6, 2001).9 Jacobs, viii.10 Renz and Lawrence, 6."The NationsBank FoundationClosing Statement (December 31,1999) (copy on file with author).12 Top 50 U.S. Foundations Award-ing Grants in the State of NorthCarolina, circa 1999 (New York:Foundation Center, 2001) http://www.fdncenter.org/fc_stats/pdf/03_fund_geo/1999/50_found_states/nc_grant.pdf September 6, 2001).13 Jacobs, viii.oe -ld.; Kl.war mee16 Ibid. 1.17 Top 50 U.S. Foundations Award-ing Grants in the State of NorthCarolina, circa 1999.18 o1999 Grants, Libraries andPublic Access to Information,� in Bill& Melinda Gates Foundation 1999Annual Report http://www. gatesfoundation.org/nr/public/media/annualreports/annualreport99/grants/librariesMain.htm (September6, 2001); o2000 Grants, Libraries andPublic Access to Information,� in Bill& Melinda Gates Foundation 2000Annual Report http://North Carolina Libraries, Vol. 60

North Carolina Libraries, Vol. 60www.gatesfoundation.org/nr/public/media/annualreports/annualreport00/grants/libraries.htm (September 6,2001).19 oBill & Melinda Gates Founda-tion: U.S. Program: Frequently AskedQuestions,� http://www. gatesfoundation.org/libraries/uslibraryprogram/relatedinfo/fagsatin (September 6, 2001).20° Tbid.21 o2000 U.S. Library ProgramGrants,� in Bill & Melinda GatesFoundation 2000 Annual Reporthttp://www.gatesfoundation.org/nr/public/media/annualreports/annualreport00/libraryMap.htm(September 6, 2001).22 Filing Requirements for Tax-Exempt Organizations " IRS http://www.its.gov/prod/bus_info/eo/file-rq (September 6, 2001).23 2000 Instructions for Form 990and 990-EZ: Return of OrganizationExempt From Income Tax and ShortForm Return of Organization ExemptFrom Income Tax. http://ftp.fedworld.gov/pub/irs-pdf/i990-ez.pdf (September 6, 2001); 2000Instructions for Form 990-PF: Returnof Private Foundation or Section4947(a)(1) Nonexempt CharitableTrust Treated as a Private Foundationhttp://ftp.fedworld.gov/pub/irs-pdf/i990pf.pdf (September 6, 2001).24 http://www.guidestar.com/;http://nccs.urban.org/ (September6, 2001).25 http://grantsmart.org/search/search.html (September 6, 2001).26 Renz and Lawrence, 2.27 oThe Foundation Center.� http://www.foundationcenter.org/ (Sep-tember 6, 2001).28 Celeste Hayes McCone, NorthCarolina Giving (Raleigh: CapitalDevelopment Services, 1999).29 oCapital Development Services.�http://www.capdev.com/ (Septem-ber 6, 2001).30 oNorth Carolina CommunityFoundation.� http://www.nccommf.org/ (September 6,2001).31 oNorth Carolina HumanitiesCouncil.� http://www.nchumanities.org/ (September6, 2001).32 "The Kresge Foundation.� http://www.kresge.org/ (September 8, 2001).Spring / Summer 2002 " 25

26 " Spring / Summer 2002Library and Information Science Research1999-2001:A Bibliography of MasterTs Papers from theUniversity of North Carolina Schoolof Information and Library ScienceAgnew, Laura. oCharacteristics and Benefits of Online Support Groups.� 135 pages. July2001. Headings: Information services " Special subjects " Disease; Virtual com-munities " Medical; Information needs " Medicine; Information eds " Self-help;Surveys " Information needs; Use studies " Internet.Berwick, James P. oCollector Appraisal of Current Collection Trends for the Enhance-ment of Validity in Oral History Tapes and Transcriptions.� May 2001. 47 pages.Headings: Archives " Recorded sound; Special collections " Oral history; Taperecordings.Caggia, Peter T. oIdentity, Destiny, and Magic: Developmental Perspectives on MajorThemes in Young Adult Fantasy Series.� July 2001. 79 pages. Headings: Fan-tasy " Evaluation; Young adultsT reading " Psychological aspects; Contentanalysis.Davis, Jordan. oSex Education Books for Young Adults: An Evaluation and Comparisonof Materials in a Public and High School Library.� November 1999. 156 pages.Headings: Information services " Special subjects "- Sex education; Young adultsTliterature " Evaluation; Booklists " Special subjects " Sex education.Duckett, Kimberly. oBringing Professional Knowledge and Identity into a GrassrootsLibrary Development Project: A Case Study of World Library Partnership Volun-teers in South Africa.� July 2001. 81 pages. Headings: International libraryprograms; Librarianship " International aspects; Librarianship as a profession;State and regional library development " Africa; Volunteers " Africa; WorldLibrary Partnership.Ellison, Melinda. oTHer Books Not HisT: Women and Their Book Collections in Medievaland Early Modern Europe.� July 2001. 81 pages. Headings: Book collectors;Women book collectors; Women " History " Middle Ages, 500-1500; Women-History-Renaissance, 1450-1600; Women - History "- Modern Period, 1600-Gao, Tao. oProcessing Numeric Table Data in Electronic Formats: Eye Movement Pat-terns and Searching Efficiency.� July 2001. 58 pages. Headings: Eye tracking; Evemovement patterns; Statistical tables; User information-seeking behavior.Gilchrest, Alison. oFactors Affecting Controlled Vocabulary Usage in Art MuseumInformation Systems.� July 2001. 46 pages. Headings: Information systems -"Special subjects - Museums; Information systems " Special subjects " Art;Authority control; Museums " Collection management " Data processing.Lee, Rebecca M. oThe Situation of the Bookstore and Its Implications for Libraries.� May2001. 44 pages. Headings: Bookstores " Evaluation; Bookstores " Relations withlibraries.Nixon, Donna. oAn Evaluation of How Copyright, Licensing Agreements & ContractNorth Carolina Libraries, Vol. 60

SeeLaw Are Interacting to Restrict Academic Library Interlibrary Loan Abilities.�May 2001. 59 pages. Headings: College and university libraries " Interlibraryloans; Copyright; Licensing agreements; Uniform Computer InformationTransactions Act; Publishers and publishing " Licensing agreements.Murphy, Janet. oInformation Seeking Habits of Environmental Scientists: A Study ofInterdisciplinary Scientists at the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency inResearch Triangle Park, North Carolina.� June 2001. 49 pages. Headings:Information needs " Environmental scientists; Information services " Specialsubjects " Environmental scientists; Survey " Information needs.Parsons, Jennifer Simpson. oWeb-Based Library Tutorials: How Are We Doing?: AnEvaluation of ARL Member Libraries.� July 2001. 42 pages. Headings: Biblio-graphic instruction - College and university students; Bibliographic instruc-tion -Evaluation; Computer-assisted instruction " Evaluation; Internet " Collegeand university libraries; Research libraries " Evaluation.Quillen, Christine Lynn. oHelping Readers Find Books: An Evaluation of Four ReadersTAdvisory Sources.� July 2001. 77 pages. Headings: Fiction " Selection; Publiclibraries " Reference services; Reader guidance; Reading interests; Subject access;Subject headings " Special subjects " Fiction.Roth, James M. oServing Up EAD: An Exploratory Study on the Development andUtilization of Encoded Archival Description (EAD) Finding Aids.� May 2001. 48pages. Headings: Archives " Technological innovations; Encoded ArchivalDescription (Document type definition); Information theory.Toney, Hannah Rains. oIntranets as a Tool for Communication, Collaboration andKnowledge Management.� July 2001. 20 pages. Headings: Intranets; Webportals; Web sites.Vaughn, Thomas Allen. oCarolina EPI.� May 2001. 87 pages. Headings: Informationsystems " Information interfaces and presentation; Information services - Web-based services information systems; Information interfaces and presentation "Group and organization; Interfaces hypertext/hypermedia " Navigation.Williams, Joe M. oLethal Sampling Methods and Whale Research: An Investigation ofPublication Data and Scientific Values.� May 2001. 40 pages. Headings: Ethics;Librarianship " International Aspects; Periodicals - Marine Sciences; Publishersand publishing " Scientific and technical literature.Winters, Autumn. oThe Infoshop as a Community Information Resource: A Study ofInternationalist Books.� May 2001. 65 pages. Headings: Infoshops; AlternativePress Index; Bookstores " North Carolina; Special collections " Special subjects "Underground literature.North Carolina Libraries, Vol. 60 Spring / Summer 2002 " 27

he iisuiitibe "(North Carclincana*Lagniappe (lan-yapT, lanT yapT) n. An extra or unexpected gift or benefit. [Louisiana French]compiled by Suzanne WiseStorming the Hill:North Carolina Librarians BecomeLobbyists for a DayoTt was exciting!�oT felt I made a difference.�oTt was empowering.�oTt is probably one of the most important things I have ever done as alibrarian.�These and similar reactions were shared by six librarians from NorthCarolina who participated in oPlant Grassroots @ Your Library� on May 7,2002, the 28th annual National Library Legislative Day sponsored by theAmerican Library Association (ALA) to put librarians and legislators in touchwith each other. Librarians from all over the United States converged onWashington, DC, to meet their legislators and discuss issues important tolibraries and their constituents. North Carolina was represented by NancyGibbs of Duke University, Peggy Hoon of North Carolina State University,Linda McDaniel of Harnett County Public Schools, Ann Miller of DukeUniversity, Allan Scherlen of Appalachian State University, and John Via ofForsyth County Public Library. As chair of the North Carolina LibraryAssociationTs Governmental Relations Committee, Peggy Hoon coordinatedthe event, organizing her troops and making appointments for visits withlegislators.Most of the North Carolina delegation had participated before and knewwhat to expect. The only rookie, Allan Scherlen, was concerned about notbeing sufficiently informed about the details of issues to be an effectiveadvocate. He and other newcomers discovered that the job of advocacy iseasier than one might expect. ALA sponsored briefing sessions the day beforeNational Library Legislative Day, giving delegates fast track summaries of theissues. The discussions were reinforced with concise handouts of the keypoints of legislation and otalking points� of what libraries want from theirlegislators. Allan says he emerged from the sessions confident and ready toostorm the hill.�Delegates were asked to focus on a few core issues, including passage ofthe Museum and Library Services Act of 2002, which includes re-authoriza-tion of the Library Services and Technology Act (LSTA); passage of theoTEACH Act,� which updates the distance education provisions of the Copy-right Act in light of advances in digital transmission technologies that sup-port distance learning; and various copyright issues, including the databaseprotection legislation being proposed by North Carolina Representative28 " Spring / Summer 2002 North Carolina Libraries, Vol. 60

North Carolina Libraries, Vol. 60Howard Coble and others, which would include broad language providingprotection for commercial databases and potentially denying free access tobasic factual information in the public domain. Academic librarians alsobrought to the table the chilling effect on scholarship of Presidential Execu-tive Order 13233, which claims executive privilege over past presidentialrecords beyond the 12-year limit. They encouraged legislators to support HR4187, oFurther Implementation of the Presidential Records Act,� which wouldannul it.Tuesdays are reserved in Congressional offices for visits by individualsand groups lobbying for certain issues, and the halls were packed with staffersand lobbyists. Staffers specializing in legislation affecting libraries welcomedthe librarians and talked with them about the issues raised, asking questionsand taking detailed notes. Staff members commented that it was great tomeet the people behind the issues and that it gave them a better perspectiveof constituentsT concerns. Staffers were delighted to receive the packet ofinformation prepared by the State Library of North Carolina which detailedexactly how LSTA funds have been used in their districts. Ann Miller andAllan Scherlen were fortunate to be in Representative Howard CobleTs (R-NC,6th Dist.) office when he was present and to have the opportunity to talk tohim directly. He brought in the council for the House Judiciary Committee toparticipate in the discussion of the database protection legislation, and somelively debate ensued. Delegates also saw Representative Bob Etheridge (D-NC,2d Dist.) briefly and ran into Representative Mel Watt (D-NC, 12th Dist.) inthe elevator.There were several opportunities to interact more informally with col-leagues and legislative personnel. NCLA hosted a luncheon for North Caro-lina delegates and staffers on Legislative Day, and at the end of the day ALAsponsored a reception for all delegates, legislators, and staff members. Repre-sentative Coble attended, the only North Carolina legislator to do so.Delegates strongly emphasize that follow-up is important. Once you havemade personal contact with legislators and staffers you should write, e-mail,or call them regularly. You are now more than just a name, and your supportand suggestions have more weight. You may be asked for input. AllanScherlen says he hopes to develop good working relationships with thestaffers he met and looks forward to participating next year.It is crucial to offer support as well as to ask favors. Nancy Gibbs urgeslibrarians to go to public forums and to invite legislators to visit their librarieswhen they are ohome.�North Carolina needs more librarians to participate in this excitingopportunity to experience the democratic process first hand. It is amazinghow powerful you can be in affecting legislation if you tell your story to yourrepresentatives. Shortly after their visit, a staff member for RepresentativeDavid Price (D-NC, 4th Dist.) called Ann Miller to let her know that he hadsigned on as a co-sponsor for HR 4187. oITd like to think our visit and AllanTsimpassioned arguments made a difference!� she said. To join the delegationnext year, monitor the NCLA listserv (ncla-l@soe.ecu.edu) or contact PeggyHoon, Chair, Governmental Relations Committee, at 919-513-2045. As NancyGibbs commented, oIt was fantastic. Nobody can look you in the face and saytheyTre against libraries!�Spring / Summer 2002 " 29

UW 0c to the \\ Oatorldby Ralph Lee ScottAnonymisersW: have all become increasingly aware that, for com-mercial and perhaps other reasons, our use of theInternet can and is being tracked. For most of us this track-ing has become a major concern as unwanted e-mail (com-monly called SPAM) has begun to clog our incoming mail-boxes. There are a variety of ways to combat both the track-ing and the receipt of unwanted e-mail. One of the waysof dealing with this problem is the use of an anonymiserservice, many of which are available over the Web.Every time you visit a Web site, publish over theInternet, or send an e-mail from your home or businessmail system, you provide useful information about your-self. You send details of where you are located, your inter-ests, habits, computer type, and browser type as you movefrom page to page on the Internet. Many Web sites andInternet providers track this information, which is thensold to marketers and advertisers. You send this informa-tion every time whether you want to or not. If you do aGoogle search on oComputers Internet Proxies Prox-ies Free� you will find a list of eighteen free anonymisers.Proxy servers can be used to both hide your real IPaddress (the true location of your computer location onthe Internet) as well as provide a hidden e-mail addressthat masks your true identity on the Web. You can thinkof your IP address as the street address where your com-puter is located. Servers on the Internet use this address tocommunicate with your computer. Each computer has anumber of ports through which you allow Internet infor-mation to enter and leave. For example, in the IP address,216.150.33.56:80, the 80 is the port number. Since thereare potential hackers who spend all day scanning for openports on computers, you need to hide your real addressfrom them. Proxies and anonymisers will also block cook-ies, Java, JavaScript, and other hidden tracking schemes.If you want to use cookies, anonymisers will also encryptyour URL request so that you cannot be tracked.Anonymisers also provide a firewall for your computer thatwill allow you to surf the Web, send e-mails, and accessnewsgroups without compromising your home or workcomputer.Anonymizer.com is a commercial service that provides30 " Spring / Summer 2002anonymiser service. It provides 20 passes through sites thatyou can use for free. If you want more direct access tomore Web URLs the current Anonymous Web Surfin� ser-vice costs $14.99 for three months of unlimited use. Thesite is Web-based www.anonymizer.com) and requires nosoftware to be installed or configured on your computer.The Anonymizer Secure Tunneling service for $29.99, alsofor three months, includes all of the features of the oAnony-mous Web Surfing� service as well as a firewall.Another anonymiser is The-Cloak.com www.the-cloak.com. The-Cloak functions in much the same wayas Anonymizer.com. It also limits both the number of si-multaneous users and the number of Web sites that youcan visit at one time. For information on how to config-ure your browser to use this service, check the FAQ page,and for additional information on why you need ananonymiser service check out the oWhy?� pages, both onThe-Cloak Web site.MagusNet Public Proxy server (www.magusnet.com)has been in operation since September of 1997 and pro-vides an anonymous pass-through proxy service. It alsooffers a service that will hide your Web site and make itavailable only through its proxy service. Using theMagusNet proxy server to go to a Web site, you must typethe following in your browser:http://proxy.magusnet.com/-_-http://[enter the URL here].Public proxy servers are not restricted to computer sitesjust in the United States. For example, you can view a listof public proxy servers available through a Web site in theUnited Kingdom called The-Scream www.the-scream.co.uk/html/resources/proxies.html. The-Screamlists fourteen public proxy servers and their associated freeaccess ports along with proxy setting instructions for yourbrowser. The-Scream lists some software that will modifythe html address before it reaches your browser, includingMuffin, ByProxy, Proxomitron, and WebWasher.Finally, an Australia Web page called the AnonymousBrowsing Quick-Start Page allows you to enter the URLsneeded to access any number of anonymisers. This quickstart page can be reached by pointing your browser to:www.space.net.au/~thomas/quickbrowse.html.North Carolina Libraries, Vol. 60

____ NORTH CAROLINAac,Dorothy Hodder, Compilerandwiched between the American Revolution and the Civil War,the War of 1812 seldom merits our attention. Except for theburning of Washington and JacksonTs after-the-fact victory atNew Orleans, few people know or remember much about it. Tobe honest, American military forces were not very successfulduring the conflict save for the warships of the tiny U. S. Navy. In single-ship battles during the war, the Americans beat the British, the worldTsgreatest naval power, in six of seven encounters. The U.S.S. Wasp, asloop-of-war under the command of North CarolinianJohnston Blakeley, won one of the most famous of thoseStephen W. H. Duffy. Victories. - :; Born in Ireland in 1781, Blakeley and his familyCap tain Blakeley and the Wasp: immigrated to Wilmington when he was two and he spent; his formative years in North Carolina, including time atThe Cruise of 1814. the University at Chapel Hill from 1796-1799. In 1800, heAnnapolis, MD: Naval Institute Press, 2001. secured an appointment as a naval midshipman and348 pp. $34.95. ISBN 1-55750-176-9. subsequently was posted to various warships fighting theBarbary pirates along the North African coast. From1804"1812, his career slowly progressed as he served on severaldifferent Navy ships and finally was promoted to his firstindependent command.Congress declared war on England on June 18, 1812,and Blakeley was given command of the Wasp the follow-ing month. The Wasp was launched in 1813 and in 1814 Blakeley and hiscrew received their sailing orders " to proceed to the English coast,harass and capture British merchantmen, and engage and destroy RoyalNavy ships as the opportunity presented itself. Between June and Septem-ber 1814, BlakeleyTs ship captured thirteen merchant ships, defeatedH.M.S. Reindeer, and fought a draw with H.M.S. Avon. In the fall of 1814,Blakeley and the Wasp disappeared without a trace somewhere in theAtlantic.Stephen DuffyTs well-crafted and well-documented narrative providesa wealth of excellent information not only on Blakeley himself but alsoon conditions in the U.S. Navy during the period 1800-1814. His carefulresearch includes details on ships and personnel as well as on the vagariesof politics and command that influenced the NavyTs development. Duffyhas a sailorTs detailed knowledge of how sailing ships were built and hisdescription of the battle between the Wasp and the Reindeer is superbhistorical writing. Illustrated with black-and-white photos, this work hasan extensive bibliography, copious notes, and an index. University andpublic library collections and libraries interested in maritime or militaryhistory should add this book to their collection."John WelchEnloe High SchoolNorth Carolina Libraries, Vol. 60 Spring / Summer 2002 " 7]

atherine LandisTs novel Some Days ThereTs Pie presents a moving story offriendship between two women, Rose and Ruth.In her early twenties Ruth escaped from Summerville, Tennessee,with a stereo salesman, married secretly, and moved into her husbandTsapartment in Huntington, on the east coast of North Carolina. Marriedlife was happy for Ruth until her husband got religion and tried to drag her into it.Yearning for her own free life, Ruth drove away from her husband. In Lawsonville,North Carolina, she met Rose, a legendary 79-year-old newspaper reporter. WithRoseTs help, Ruth found a job as receptionist and settled down inLawsonville. RoseTs dramatic stories, her strength in facing sicknessand death, and her upright character greatly influenced Ruth. RuthTsCatherine Landis. "_]ife and outlook on the world changed greatly as her friendship withSome Days ThereTs Pie.the older woman developed.Landis achieves her delicate narration using simple yet vividNew York: St. MartinTs Press, 2002. 291 pp. _ language. The novel portrays detailed aspects and settings of life of a$23.95. ISBN 0-312-28384-9. small town in North Carolina. Besides Ruth and Rose, charactersWilliam R. Trotter.such as RoseTs daughters Carol and Alma, her friend Cecil, andRuthTs friend and neighbor, Michael, are distinctively and vividlydescribed.RoseTs good moral teachings to Ruth are inspiring. There is sweetness andbitterness, happiness and sadness, ups and downs in life, but if we keep doing theright thing, oone right thing after the other, some times it works out,� and wewill get our piece of pie some day.Catherine Landis used to be a newspaper reporter in North Carolina. She grewup in Chattanooga and now lives with her husband and children in Knoxville,Tennessee. Some Days ThereTs Pie is her first novel. Recommended for publiclibraries, school libraries, and academic libraries with recreational reading collec-tions and North Carolina collections."Anping (Annie) WuUniversity of North Carolina at Wilmingtonilliam R. TrotterTs latest novel, The Sands of Pride, is impeccably researchedand a fascinating reading experience. The Sands of Pride focuses on thefirst three years of coastal North CarolinaTs Civil War. Using both fic-tional and historical characters, the author draws a vivid picture of NorthCarolinaTs Civil War experience. Readers meet Union and Confederatesoldiers as well as smugglers, planters, wives and daughters, slaves, free men,politicians, and spies. These characters are so well written that readers who areunfamiliar with the historical characters will have difficulty distin-guishing them from the fictional characters. (The author includes alist of characters so that readers can separate the two.)The setting of the novel is detailed and lovingly written withoutThe Sands of Pride: »eing an impediment to the flow of the story line, and helps bringto life the various areas the characters visit. The reviewer recognizedA Novel of the Civil War. settings in Wilmington and Fort Fisher, Raleigh, the Piedmont, theNew York: Carroll & Graf Publishers, 2002.753 pp. $28.00. ISBN 0-7867-1013-6.mountains, and even Virginia. The reader walks with Wilmingtoncivilians to a Rebel party at the Bellamy Mansion, visits GovernorVance in his office, crawls through the scrub with soldiers, and72 " Spring / Summer 2002fights with sailors at Topsail Island.William R. Trotter based his research on his nonfiction trilogy TheCivil War in North Carolina, one volume of which was used by Charles Frazier forhis novel Cold Mountain, and the depth of this research shows. This novel will beenjoyed by adult readers of military and historical fiction, and will especially beappreciated by those with an interest in North Carolina and the Civil War." Mary Rose KleinfeldtNew Hanover County Public LibraryNorth Carolina Libraries, Vol. 60

icture postcards made their debut in the United States after the 1893 Columbian Expo-sition in Chicago. On December 24, 1901, the use of the words opost card� was grantedby the U.S. government to private printers and the openny� postcard quickly becameone of the most popular and inexpensive means of communication. A perfect marriagewith tourism, the postcards in this book portray Blowing Rock, North Carolina, as awonderful place to experience the natural beauty of thei i Rg F mountains. The Blowing Rock Historical Society bor-Blowing Rock Historical Society. _ rowed from a number of postcard collectors to produce~ : 7 a representative selection of area scenes from the turnPost Cards of Historic Blo Mpg Rock. of the 20th century to 1975. Printed in color on fineBoone, NC: Parkway Publishers, Inc., 2002. paper, this book will leave any mountain afficionado136 pp. $25.00 ISBN: 1-887905-54-5. owishing they were there.�" Beverly TettertonNew Hanover County Public Libraryalt leads the reader on the life journey of heroine Anna Maud Stockton Barley at the turn of20th century, from her cheerful and imaginative childhood to her miserable death in her earlyforties. Anna lived a happy life with her parents, sisters, and brothers in Deerfield, NorthCarolina, when she was young. Hungering to start a family when she grew up, she marriedtwice-widowed local farmer John Barley and moved to a small village named Faith in westernNorth Carolina. For over ten years in this never-changing village, AnnaTs life as a wife, mother,and stepmother was hard, boring, and simple. Her only sources of joy came from friendship withseveral women in the village and reading novels. A move to Queensburg brought her a better housewith electric light and inside plumbing, but the community rejected the family andshe was lonely for her old friends and kin. In spite of yearning for romance and aIsabel Zuber. different life, Anna stayed with her husband and her children until she passed awayin pain and misery in her early middle age.Salt. Although Salt reveals the life of a typical farmerTs wife raising many childrenNew York: Picador, 2002. 368 pp. ina small village in the last century as hard and unchanging, it is a beautiful$25.00. ISBN 0-312-28133-1, Work with a unique and special quality. The story spans the turn of the 20thcentury, and brings to life many aspects of a farmerTs family and community life.Set in western North Carolina, the novel presents beautiful and charming moun-tain sceneries with forests, trees, creeks, and springs. The authorTs description of Anna and herfamilyTs daily life is as vivid and real as if they were happening before the readerTs eyes. IsabelZuber brilliantly places quotations about salt between chapters to bring out the bitter, sorrowfultales of family separation, connection, community rejection, fighting, and death.Isabel Zuber lives in Winston-Salem, North Carolina. She is a poet and has published twocollections of poetry, Oriflamb and WinterTs Exile. Salt is her first novel.This novel will be a valuable addition to the fiction collection of public libraries and schoollibraries, and to the recreational reading collection or special collection of academic libraries. It issuitable for collections of southern literature in any kind of library." Anping (Annie) WuUniversity of North Carolina at Wilmingtonhis reprint of Caldecott Medalist Gail HaleyTs collection of traditional Jack sto-ries is narrated by Poppyseed, a grandmother and storyteller modeled on Ms.HaleyTs grandmother and other storytellers she has known. The use of tradi-tional wood engravings executed by Ms. Haley and traditional omountain speech�for the narratorTs voice helps to set the stories in their Appalachian home,Gail E. Haley. "_ distinguishing them from their more familiar European precedents. This° collection of eight Mountain Jack stories with an additional retelling ofMountain J ack Tales. oMuncimeg and the Giant� will be enjoyed by patrons of public and schoolBoone: Parkway Publishers libraries. Includes appendixes on the collection of the stories, wood cutting,Incorporated, 2001. 120 pp. $14.95. glossary of terms, and bibliography.ISBN 1-887905-51-0. " Mary Rose KleinfeldtNew Hanover County Public LibraryNorth Carolina Libraries, Vol. 60 Spring / Summer 2002 "- 73

orth Carolina benefits from the numerous retirees who bring exciting personalhistories into our communities. In So Turn the Years, Leonora Rogers gathers alifetime of illuminating poetry. An Englishwoman born in Egypt in 1918,RogersTs father was the hydraulic engineer in charge of building the lowerAswan Dam. She lived most of her adult life in England, Southern Africa, and Iowa.Heir to at least four generations of prodigious watercolorists, Rogers exhibits herown accomplished paintings in the Triangle. Her poems, word paintings themselves,excel at visual clarity and a watercoloristTs delicate but technical precision. Havingtaught herself poetic craft at the feet of British master poets,particularly early twentieth century formalists, she has ab-sorbed their strict power without succumbing to the tediumand overused sentimentalities often found in imitative orSo Turn the Years. amateur work.RogersTs poems are neither imitative nor amateur. They riskmuch, and one hears, as Hillsborough photographer ElizabethMatheson observes in her rich forward to this book, those~Sntrepid and somewhat alarming 19th century travelers� inthem. Rogers shares much with those self-sacrificing, self-preserving English, Danish, and Dutch women seduced to the African bush and high-lands by romantic, dashing, rainbow-seeking fathers, lovers, and husbands. DorisLessing, Isak Dinesen, and Olive Schriener all come to mind, who, while living a ro-mance, strengthened their bodies, realized the Self, and made themselves and their liveslarger than their menTs dreams.RogersTs life was not without its difficulties, exotic color, and constant change. Thepoems reflect and narrate it with a steely eye and architectural faith in the poem. Shebuilds each poem as she must paint her landscapes, with a gentle wash that accrueslayers of distinguished and distinguishing thought so that at the poemTs (and thepaintingTs) end, one finds a whole world created. This is not just news (as Pound, whomshe claims not to understand, demands poets give more than), but revealed knowledge(as her countrywoman Denise Levertov required). The world seems fresh, dissected, andyet restored in RogersTs poems.Given different poetic opportunities in her life, Rogers might have joined the ranksof such poets as H. D., Loy, Levertov, and Rich. There is a brave, exploratory, almostreligious vision, with jazz and classical overtones, in the poems. But Rogers, also ascientist, considers mathematics as well in one poem, written for Trachtenburg, thediscoverer of Speed Mathematics, and in another poem, oNatural Geometry.� Her poemsmeld abstract thought with natural image in sympathetic, accessible, yet unusual combi-nations.One of my favorite poems, oFor Adrienne Cecile Rich,� captures the essence ofRogersTs achievement. She sees RichTs rebellion against male-dominated poetry as amutual symbol of women oliving in the skin of their feelings,� unlike their male compa-triots, and their opositions staked out within limits / By our choices, our male alter-egos/ And our loving commitments.� She senses that oDuty and a habit of introspectionconstrains us,� and then with the terrific power of the whole woman concludes thepoem: oBut we are more than these / We are a real force in the world.�Rogers offers poems of moving romance, of child-birthing and rearing, the naturalworld (oThe Lament�), personal psychology and spiritual-seeking (oWho Speaks for Me�),ironic self-portraits (oThe Artist Housewife�), mature love (oThoughts of an OlderWoman� " a masterpiece of erotic memory), and the African veldt, Mexico, the Ameri-can Midwest, and England. oReflections,� a meditation on mortality, takes place in thebath: othis body ... / Rises dripping, ready for the towel " Oh! Angels / Be ready withwhite towels when I need you.� If this is sentimentality, it is a sentimentality of the hard-edged, well-won life, which knows whereof it came, where it has been, and where it goes.If word gets out, public libraries will find this book leaping off their shelves, andacademic libraries should well consider the usefulness of such a book for literary,womenTs, and cultural studies.Leonora V. Rogers.Raleigh: Pentland Press, 2001. 81 pp. $17.95.ISBN 1-57197-279-X."Jeffery BeamUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel Hill34 " Spring / Summer 2002 North Carolina Libraries, Vol. 60

hough many readers of American history are familiar with thebasic story of Sir Walter Raleigh and the Lost Colony of RoanokeIsland, few realize that the island was later to become an impor-tant landmark in the history of African American freedom fromslavery. Patricia Click, in her book Time Full of Trial: The RoanokeIsland FreedmanTs Colony, 1862-1867, traces the history of the freedmenTscolony on Roanoke Island during and after the Civil War. Drawn frommany areas of North Carolina and beyond, liberated slaves made their wayto Roanoke Island where they were promised a home and protection.This is a story of a refugee people caught in, as Click notes, oa com-plex and intriguing mixture of evangelical, traditional republican,and abolition sentiments that were tempered by the crucible ofPatricia C. Click. the military experience.� ClickTs book is more than the story of thefreed slaves; it is also the chronicle of northern evangelical protes-Time Full of Trial: The tant missionaries struggling to perform their benevolent workRoanoke Island FreedmanTswhile being frustrated by the military administration. Though themilitary had the ultimate authority in the ocontraband camps,�Colon y, 1862-1867 religious missionaries took an active role in many of the human4 eservices, especially education. Amid owretched and chaotic condi-Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina tions� fraught with administrative corruption, lack of food,Press, 2001. 205 pp. unpaid wages, and abuse of the colonists by the very soldiers whoCloth, $49.95. ISBN 0-8078-2602-2. were meant to protect them, many of the refugees from slaveryPaper, $18.95. ISBN 0-8078-4918-9. nevertheless gained useful literacy and other skills from themissionaries while on the island.Patricia Click, an associate professor in the Division of Tech-nology, Culture, and Communication at the University of Vir-ginia, and author of The Spirit of the Times: Amusements in Nine-teenth-Century Baltimore, Norfolk, and Richmond, delivers a well-docu-mented, much-needed history of a little-known aspect of the Civil Warand Reconstruction in North Carolina. She employs numerous primaryresources, such as unpublished diaries and private papers, as well asrecords from the National Archives. Her book includes copious endnotes,a thorough index, a bibliography, and an appendix of key documents,lists, and letters. Time Full of Trial is an essential addition to North Caro-lina public and academic libraries, as well as libraries that seek to have amore complete picture of the American Civil War and the African-Ameri-can struggle from slavery to freedom." Allan ScherlenAppalachian State Universityn 1885 John Haymes Mills founded the Thomasville BaptistOrphanage to provide a Christian environment for children,most of whom were very young and had lost one or bothparents. The original intent was to keep the children for aMichaelT CoBiackwall: short time, but most ended up living there to adulthood.From these beginnings, Baptist ChildrenTs Homes of North Caro-A Place for Miracles: lina has changed its focus many times and grown from a singlelocation to campuses and group homes from the mountains to theBaptist ChildrenTs Homes of coast. A photograph on every page greatly enhances the telling ofNorth Carolina.this broad and yet very personal history. It is the hope of theauthor that A Place for Miracles will share the omap of our journey,Boone, NC: Parkway Publishers, 2002. our learning, and our successes,� so that readers will find oboth238 pp. Cloth, $19.95. ISBN 1-887905-50-2. inspiration and models� for similar endeavors.Paper, $14.95. ISBN 1-887905-49-9. "Beverly TettertonNorth Carolina Libraries, Vol. 60New Hanover County Public LibrarySpring / Summer 2002 "- 79

n this collection of short stories, 18 award-winning North Carolina authorsshare their creative reactions to the phrase oracing home.� Sharlene Baker,a creative writing professor in the Triangle and author of Finding Signs,conceived the idea for and edited this work. She recognizes in her notefrom the editor that the short story is olosing ground� and that oshortstory writers are some of the most highly gifted " and unnoticed " artistswalking among us in the US.� This compilation is not only an introduction tosome fresh voices from around the state, many of whom will be new to readers,but also a tribute to the vanishing art form of the shortstory.Sharlene Baker, editor. Most of the selections in Racing Home feature realisticRacing Home: New Stories byAward-Winnin g friend about treating Ernest HemingwayTs depression withfiction, such as Robert WallaceTs oShocking ErnestHemingway,� in which Hayden writes letters to his girl-electrotherapy. Readers subtly learn who the real patientNorth Carolina Writers. is. In Vivian Hague SatterwhiteTs oStranger Now,� a youngDurham: The Paper Journey Press, 2001.193 pp. $16.95. ISBN 0-9701726-1-3.girl babysat by elderly Miss Verdie witnesses the womanbeing shot and robbed by her own son, and overhears thewoman tell the police who the perpetrator may " or maynot " be.Other authors lead readers down alternate paths suchas the supernatural, in Christopher FarranTs Faustian oThis BloodTs for You.� Racedriver Ronnie has never won a race until he makes a pact with the Dracula-likeL.T. Penry of PenryTs Mattress Warehouse. Dark humor also plays a part inFarranTs story, as it does in oFish Camp� by Joseph Bathanti, when some countrylocals mistake a medievalist professor for movie star Titus Clay. Mystery holds aplace in MariJo MooreTs oSirenTs Voices,� in which teenage Siren hears scentedvoices telling her to warn her mother about her affair with Judge Ripley. Thesevoices seem to know a lot about what is going on in town when SirenTs motheris arrested for the judgeTs murder.The compilation incorporates a range of characters, settings, time periods,and themes, allowing readers to absorb one story after another and eagerly awaitfinding out how each author uses oracing home.� The stories contain stronglydeveloped characters, and their real strength lies in their consistent high quality.Racing Home belongs in every academic and public library with a North Carolinacollection. As Randall Kenan notes in the foreword, this work proves that NorthCarolina continues to produce extraordinary writers." Angela LeeperNorth Carolina Department of Public Instructionhe North Carolina Division of Archives and History has released the ninthedition of its Guide to North Carolina Highway Markers, updating the list forthe first time since 1990. The highway marker program was authorized bythe General Assembly in 1935. The first state marker wasplanted by a roadside in Granville County on January 10,Michael Hill, ed. 1936, to honor John Penn, one of North CarolinaTs threesigners of the Declaration of Independence.Guide to North Carolina Unlike previous editions, the new guide sorts markersH ig h way Markers by county. Related photographs and county maps havealso been added to this edition. Today there are more thanNinth Edition. Raleigh: Division of Archives and 1,400 markers across North Carolina, including at leastHistory, Department of Cultural Resources, 2001. one in each of the 100 counties. Every Tar Heel library243 pp. $14.00. ISBN 0-86526-298-5. should have one or more copies of this important guide." Beverly Tetterton76 " Spring / Summer 2002New Hanover County Public LibraryNorth Carolina Libraries, Vol. 60

rt. Hadden has fleshed out her Harvard dissertation into a worthy publica-tion covering colonial experiments in slave patrols, their development andspread because of growing fear of slave uprisings and reprisals, and thepeople who joined such patrols. She makes clear distinctions between ruraland town patrols, and notes but does not fully discuss why white ownersallowed slaves as much discretion and personal freedom as they did. Non-owners, itwould appear, were more likely to insist on patrols and to belong to a patrol thanslave owners themselves. The book is organized thematically and is especially good onSally E. Hadden.handling the attitudes of the slave patroller and the slave. Afinal section insists on continuity between the slave patrolsand post-Civil War town police and the Klan. Little orSlave Patrols: Law and Violence " »°thing is said about areas that did not have patrols orpromoted them only at times of crisis.in Virginia and the Carolinas. Hadden has been most diligent in doing her research:Harvard University Press, 2001. 340 pp.$35.00. ISBN 0-674-00470-1notes take up about a third of the book, which also includesan index and a few illustrations, but no maps. Nonetheless,she extrapolates conclusions about a large area from veryscattered evidence over a wide period of time. She mustersher story well and makes a significant contribution to pre-war southern history. This book belongs in all North Carolina college libraries and inlarger public library collections." Patrick ValentineWilson County Public Libraryn her first book, Marjoleine Kars takes a look at the group of pre-Revolution-ary North Carolinians who were known as the Regulators. Taking theirname from a movement in England of 1655, the Regulators set out toregulate and reform government abuse: oRegulators saw themselves not asenemies of government but as its true defenders.� It was the omalpracticesof GranvilleTs court officers and public officials� that led this group of NorthMarjoleine Kars.Breaking Loose Together:The Regulator Rebellion inPre-RevolutionaryNorth Carolina.Chapel Hill: University of North CarolinaPress, 2002. xi, 286 pp.Cloth, $49.95. ISBN 0-8078-2672-3.Paper, $19.95. ISBN 0-8078-4999-5.Carolinians, composed mainly of the farming class, to seek reform ofthe system of taxation and court procedures that oppressed andimpoverished them. They felt that the system lacked checks andbalances, which led to abuses and extortion by the sheriffs who wereappointed to collect taxes yet seemed never to pass the taxes on tothe royal government.Kars presents this work in a logical chronological order, whilefocusing on particular aspects of Colonial North Carolina life. Herstudy is divided into three sections: Economics, Religion, and Politics" each interesting as a cause of the eventual Battle of Alamance, thepenultimate blow to the Regulator cause described in her finalsection, oWar.�KarsTs use of quotes from letters, diaries, and contemporarypublications is intriguing. The reader becomes well acquainted withRegulator Herman Husband, British Royal Governor Tryon, andTryonTs close friend Edmund Fanning. Kars is adept at describing thehardships that drove North Carolina farmers to protest and to lash out at a governmentimpervious to the corruption that impoverished a large portion of the population.Breaking Loose Together is indexed and includes a bibliography of unpublished,primary, and secondary sources. It is lightly illustrated. The authorTs in-depth treatmentof many aspects of colonial life give the reader a full view of what it was like to be afarmer in pre-Revolutionary North Carolina. Recommended for libraries with a concen-tration in North Carolina history. The author's scholarly treatment of the topic lendsitself well to academic libraries, while the easy-to-read format makes it a good choicefor public libraries.North Carolina Libraries, Vol. 60" Caroline KeizerUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel HillSpring / Summer 2002 " 7/

alle Crucis (pronounced Valley Crew-sis) is a jewel in the crownof mountain peaks adorning northwestern North Carolina. Todaythis beautiful valley located a few miles from Boone reflectscontemporary culture, with stylish boutiques and passing carsblaring rock music. For many years, however, it was virtuallyundiscovered. Roads were few and the terrain was difficult. Some summervisitors came to board with residents of the valley, but it was aquiet rural community.The author, who has previously published a general historyof Valle Crucis (Valle Crucis: A History of an Uncommon Place, MastMy Valle Crucis: General Store, 1995), spent his childhood summers there. Rever-end I. Harding Hughes and his wife Josephine first visited theThe 1930s. valley in the summer of 1924, when their son was less than ayear old, and decided to build a summer cottage of their own.Young Greensboro architect Lorenzo Winslow, who later servedas oArchitect to the White House� in the nationTs capital from1933 to 1952, was retained to design a rustic dwelling. In 1926the Hughes family moved into the cottage they namedTapawingo, ohouse of joy.� It had no insulation, no telephone,and no electricity, and required the fording of two creeks duringwet weather, but they loved it.The author chronicles life in Valle Crucis during the Depression eraand afterward, telling stories of the local families, institutions, andactivities that framed their lives. The schools, churches, stores, recre-ations, and the difficult times that were weathered with grace all form apicture of a small community of hardworking people who respected andhelped each other. Hughes remembers blackberry pickings, dances at theMission School, going to church, evenings spent playing board games orlistening to his fatherTs ghost stories, his friend Herman BurkettTs o{mpor-tant knowledge� about fishing and snakes and the lay of the land, andoutings to Grandfather Mountain and Dutch Creek Falls. Good cooksabounded " donTt read the mouth-watering descriptions of meals at theTaylor and Mast homes on an empty stomach! He recounts the effort thatwas required to get an education, with children walking steep paths overmountain ridges and fording streams on foot bridges to get to school inall kinds of weather. He chronicles the histories of the ofirst families� ofthe valley " the Taylors, Masts, Schulls, and Bairds " as well as otherswho lived way up the ohollers.�My Valle Crucis is an interesting combination of informal reminis-cence and careful research. While the writing style resembles a casualconversation, the book is well-documented and each source of informa-tion is footnoted. A bit of gentle editing would have tightened the storyhere and there and a map of the places mentioned would be helpful, butthis is a charming tale with a rhythm of its own. The accompanyingphotographs add much to the text, and the subject index is quite useful.The author interviewed many people who lived or spent summers inValle Crucis and quotes them at some length, to the benefit of the narra-tive. One hears again and again that life was hard but the people good. Itwas a time and place of strong family values and a sense of community.To many, their time in Valle Crucis was heaven on earth.My Valle Crucis is recommended to all libraries whose readers wouldenjoy a sprightly, easy-to-read story of life in a tiny North Carolinamountain community during the Depression. It makes one wonderwhether life today, with its emphasis on consumer goods, is much of animprovement after all.I. Harding Hughes, Jr.Valle Crucis, NC: The Mast General Store,2002. 178 pp. $14.95. No ISBN.Call 828-963-6511 for purchase information."Suzanne WiseAppalachian State University78 " Spring / Summer 2002 North Carolina Libraries, Vol. 60OL

NortH CAROLINA LIBRARY ASSOCIATIONMINUTES OF THE EXECUTIVE BOARDFriday, January 25, 2002Student Services CenterRandolph Community College, Asheboro, N.C.Attending: Ross Holt, Martha Davis, Diane Kester, Teresa McManus, Vanessa Work Ramseur,John Via, Al Jones, Peggy Quinn, Paula Hinton, Dale Cousins, Theron Bell, Patrick Valentine,Joline Ezzell, Evelyn Council, Jennie Hunt, Linda Hearn, Sherwin Rice, Jan Blodgett,Laura Weigand, Terry Brandsma, Jean Rick, Phillip Barton, Elizabeth Laney,Catherine Wilkinson, Peggy Hoon, Michael Sawyer, Robert James, Mark Pumphrey,Robert Canida, Teresa Wehrli, Beverley Gass, Irene Laube, Suzanne White, Sue Williams.Call to Order and Welcome: President Ross Holt calledthe meeting to order at 10:10 a.m. Debbie Luck,Director of Library Services, welcomed the NCLABoard to Randolph Community College and shared ashort history of the institution.Introductions and Mechanics of Executive Board:Since this was the first meeting of the biennium withnew officers and section/roundtable chairs, Rosssummarized basic procedures for the meeting. Officersand section and roundtable chairs comprise the votingmembers of the Executive Board. Meetings are con-ducted according to RobertTs Rules of Order with PhilBarton as Parliamentarian. If a report is being made inwhich there is a motion, the motion is considered tobe on the table and can be acted upon rather thanhaving to move the motion to Old or New Business.Section and round table reports should be submittedto the NCLA Web site previous to the meeting. If not,copies for each participant can be brought to themeeting.President Holt moved section reports with actionitems to New Business.PresidentTs Report:Full report: http://www.nclaonline.org/execmtg_2002.htmRoss Holt reported many positive things going on inNCLA even though a number of NCASL members leftNCLA to form a new organization. The October NCLAConference was successful with an offering of 80programs. NCLA has had some problems related tomember services. In the 2002-03 biennium, we needto be aggressive in the restoration of excellent memberservices and in recruitment of members for NCLA.North Carolina Libraries, Vol. 60TreasurerTs Report:Full report: http://www.nclaonline.org/execmtg_2002.htmTreasurer Diane Kester distributed an edited version ofthe TreasurerTs Report. Balance in the operating budgeton December 31, 2001 was $851.83. Four thousanddollars ($4000) was taken out of reserves and $10,000out of past conferences to fund project grants forconference programs. As of December 31, 2001, NCLAhas $31,459 in the checking account and $35,214 inmoney market/investment accounts. Diane is cur-rently working on resolving some problems withcredit card transfers.Membership Update:Secretary Martha Davis, who has recently been work-ing to update the membership database, reported that,as of January 25, there were 739 members in 2001 and64 members in 2002. The membership forms, whichhave been revised to include a date and a place tocontribute to the Endowment, can be found on theNCLA Web site. All Executive Board members wereencouraged to submit 2002 membership forms andpayment today or as soon as possible. Beginning withthis biennium, memberships are renewed twelvemonths from the month of payment instead of at theend of the calendar year. A process will be developedto notify section and round table chairs of new mem-bers. Security issues have to be considered in order tomake the membership list available from the NCLAWeb site.SECTION/ROUND TABLE REPORTS(Full reports for ChildrenTs Services, Documents, PublicLibrary, Reference and Adult Services sections and theSpring / Summer 2002 " 79

NC Library Paraprofessional Association, Round Tableon Special Collections, and Technology and TrendsRoundtable can be located at http://www.nclaonline.org/execmtg_2002.htm.ChildrenTs Services Section:The ChildrenTs Services Section Board met on Decem-ber 6, 2001, at the Graham Public Library. Tentativedates for the off-year retreat are October 21-22, 2002,at The Summit in Brown Summit, North Carolina. Thesubject of the retreat will be oLibrary Services for theNext Generation: Responding to New Challenges.�The next meeting will be held at the Graham PublicLibrary on February 26.College and University Libraries Section:No report.Community and Junior College Libraries Section:Chair Peggy Quinn reported that the first meeting ofthe CJCLS Board will be held on Tuesday, January 29,2002, at Wake Technical Community College.Documents Section:Chair Paula Hinton reported that the DocumentsSection sponsors two workshops every year. The firstworkshop will be held on May 17, 2002, at theMcKimmon Center at North Carolina State University.More information about the workshop will be avail-able from the NCLA Web site soon.Library Administration and Management Section:Chair Dale Cousins had no report. Because of theproblems with the membership database, the ballot forelection of the 2001-03 LAMS Board has not yet beenmailed. Now that the database is updated, ballots willgo out within the next several weeks.North Carolina Association of School Librarians:Al Jones, appointed NCASL Chair, will contact formerNCASL members and try to recruit new NCASL mem-bers in order to rebuild this section. He will representNCASL at the American Association of School Librar-ians Affiliate Assembly at the ALA Conference thissummer.North Carolina Public Library Trustee Association:Chair Theron Bell reported no committee members asyet. She hopes to have the committee in place by thenext Board meeting in April 2002.Public Library Section:Ballots for the Public Library Section 2001-03 Boardhave not been mailed relative to issues with themembership database. Hopefully, the membership listwill be ready shortly and ballots can be mailed withinthe next several weeks. Membership promotion andworkshops will be the major goals for this year.40 " Spring / Summer 2002Reference and Adult Services Section:Chair Joline Ezzell reported that the RASS Board metin November 2001 and began discussing a program forFall 2002.Resources and Technical Services Section:Chair Evelyn Council introduced the new RTSS ViceChair. The next RTSS Board meeting will be in Febru-ary 2002 at Fayetteville Technical Community College.All board and committee members are in place and areexperienced members of NCLA. The section is alreadylooking at issues in resources and technical servicesand wants to be sure that all programs are not justacademic programs.New Members Roundtable:Chair Jennie Hunt held a reorganization meetingduring the NCLA Conference in October. Some com-mittee appointments have been made but she is stilllooking for a Vice-Chair/Chair-Elect. Jennie wants tocontact the new members and get them excited aboutNCLA. She will meet with the section Secretary andProgramming Chair in February 2002.North Carolina Library Paraprofessional Association:Chair Linda Hearn will have the first board meetingon February 5, 2002. The workshop that had to becancelled at the NCLA Conference on library certifica-tion for paraprofessionals will be held in April 2002.American Library Association is offering a membershippackage for paraprofessionals. Linda urged libraryprofessionals to encourage paraprofessionals to joinNCLA and ALA.Round Table on Ethnic Minority Concerns:Chair Sherwin Rice will lead the round table in con-tinuing some projects started last year. Major goals areto have a workshop on diversity issues and try toincrease membership.Round Table on Special Collections:Chair Jan Blodgett will hold the first meeting onFebruary 6, 2002, to begin planning workshops for thenon-conference year.Technology and Trends Round Table:Chair Terry Brandsma reported that the first meetingwould be held next month. Since this round tableTsmain speaker had to cancel at the NCLA Conference inOctober 2001, Technology and Trends has some extramoney and will be glad to co-sponsor a workshop withanother section.Committee Reports(Full reports for the Endowment, GovernmentalRelations, Intellectual Freedom, Leadership Institute,Literacy, and Membership committees can be locatedat http://www.nclaonline.org/execmtg_jan2002.htm.North Carolina Libraries, Vol. 60

Archives:Chair Jean Rick recently took three boxes of materialsfrom the NCLA Office to the NCLA archives. Forarchives, she also needs any available membershipprintouts since 1996. Since she was asked to archiveNCLA Web pages also, Jean asked that Bao-Chu Changget a copy to her before any changes are made. Inresponse to Teresa McManusTs comment that sectionchairs need information on what to archive, PresidentHolt noted that the information is available in theNCLA Handbook on the Web.Commission on Charter/Home Schools:A report will be available at the next Board meeting.Conference Committee:Since Vice-President/Conference Chair Pauletta Bracycould not attend the meeting, a report will be made atthe next Board meeting.Constitution, Codes, and Handbook Revision:Chair Phil Barton asked the Board members to forwardnames of anybody interested in serving on this com-mittee. Plans for the committee include a review of theminutes of the last few years to be sure that allchanges got into the NCLA Handbook, and explorationof a different format for the electronic version of theHandbook so that it will print with page numbers andconsecutive pagination. With this accomplished, anindex can be created for the electronic version.Continuing Education:No report.Development:Chair Elizabeth Laney distributed a list of contributorsand a contribution form for examination by the Boardmembers. The continuing goal of the EndowmentCommittee is to receive a contribution from eachmember of NCLA. Only 48 members have contributedto the NCLA Endowment so far. When they are askedfor large gifts, outside businesses and organizationslook first to see how many members have contributedto the Endowment before considering a contribution.The long-term goal is to have $100,000 in the Endow-ment by 2004. Laney urged all Board members tocontribute some amount now, however large or small,and plan to contribute again later. An EndowmentContribution form will be available in each onlineissue of North Carolina Libraries. A letter of acknowl-edgment is sent to the contributor and the personhonored. Teresa McManus complimented Laney onher work. Beverley Gass expressed concern that aperson who contributed one time will always beconsidered a oFriend,� as this seems to discouragemaking annual contributions. Laney explained that aperson would move up to the next level of giving astotal contributions accumulate. Gass suggested thatNorth Carolina Libraries, Vol. 60NCLA conduct an annual fundraising campaign withsome reward attached. President Holt suggested thatmembers consider making contributions in honor ormemory of another person.Government Relations:Chair Peggy Hoon plans to have a meeting of thiscommittee soon to begin preparations for LegislativeDay on May 6-7, 2002. She encouraged library profes-sionals to plan to go.Intellectual Freedom:Mike Sawyer, Chair of the Intellectual Freedom Com-mittee, distributed his report and supporting docu-ments which listed six issues that need to be moni-tored. To date, he has not received reports of anychallenges to intellectual freedom in North Carolina.Last year, a form was available on the NCLA Web siteon which to report challenges. Bao-Chu Chang will beasked to update this form and make it available againon the Web site. It was suggested that Mike also postsome messages to the NCLA listserv and communicatewith public library directors. Sandy Cooper, StateLibrarian, reinforced the fact that the confidentialityissues addressed in the Patriots Act are very critical toall libraries"especially public libraries. She referred tosome important Web addresses listed on that handout.Leadership Institute:Chair Robert James reported that the LeadershipInstitute will be held at Brown Summit on October14-18, 2002, with Barbara Moran as coordinator. Theapplication for the Leadership Institute can be foundon the NCLA Web site. Robert is seeking volunteersfor the fundraising and applications review subcom-mittees.Literacy:Chair Mark Pumphrey reported that the LiteracyCommittee met in January 2002 and set goals for thebiennium. This committee wants to sponsor anEnglish as a Second Language workshop this fall andalso do a conference program on this subject.Membership:Co-Chairs Teresa Wehrli and Robert Canida reportedthat recruitment of members is the number one goalof this committee. Some suggestions have alreadybeen generated and are available on the NCLA Website. Each section chair is asked to submit the name ofa liaison to this committee. The Membership Commit-tee will invite that liaison to join the committee whenit is concentrating on a certain group of library profes-sionals. Board members are encouraged to take someNCLA brochures and plan to use the NCLA displayavailable from the NCLA Office. The hope is to get asecond display so that one will be available for use oneach side of the state.Spring / Summer 2002 " 41

Nominating:Chair Beverley Gass had no report at this time.Scholarships:Chair Sue Williams had no report at this time.OTHER REPORTSALA Councilor:Vanessa Ramseur represented NCLA on ALA Councilfor the first time at the 2002 Midwinter ALA Confer-ence in New Orleans. She found ALA Council and howit works to be very interesting. She also attended a pre-conference on library leaders, orientation for new ALACouncil members, and ALA Chapter Relations Com-mittee meetings. She will submit her full report to Bao-Chu Chang to be placed on the NCLA Web site.SELA :John Via reported that the SELA Biennial Conferencewill be held in conjunction with the South CarolinaLibrary Association in Charleston on October 4-6,2002. The African American Issues Roundtable, whichwas Started by the North Carolina delegation, willsponsor an all-day pre-conference. Let him know ifyou are interested in presenting a program on His-panic services at the SELA conference.State Library:Sandy Cooper distributed newsletters to Board mem-bers. Recent discussions have revolved around publicschool participation in the NCLIVE project. The NorthCarolina Legislature has mandated that the StateLibrary work out a way to collaborate with schoollibrarians to provide resources in addition to thoseavailable through NC WISE-OWL. The Department ofPublic Instruction continues to decline to participatein NCLIVE.Old Business:The only item of old business regarding CharterSchools will be presented at the next Board meeting.New Business:(Full reports for the Round Table on the Status ofWomen in Librarianship, Operations Committee,Finance Committee, and North Carolina Libraries canbe located at http://www.nclaonline.org/execmtg_jan2002.htm.Round Table on the Status of Women inLibrarianship:Chair Laura Weigand described the membership ofthis round table as very diverse in gender and librarytype and wants to co-sponsor a workshop this fall withanother section. RTSWL also wants to offer a newaward at the conference to recognize the contributionsof someone who advanced the status of women in42 " Spring / Summer 2002librarianship. A motion was made to authorize theaward and give RTSWL permission to solicit money forthe award from outside groups. This action would alsorequire a by-laws change. Ensuing discussion revealedthat NCLA has no written guidelines for the solicita-tion of corporate funding. The motion was withdrawnafter RTSWL changed its request to having the Boardgrant permission to offer a new award. Approval bythe Board is not necessary to create a new award.Approval by the Board is necessary to authorizesolicitation of funds for awards. President Holt willappoint a committee from the members of the Devel-opment and Leadership Committees and the 2001Conference Exhibits Committee to work on recom-mendations for guidelines to solicit corporate fundingon behalf of NCLA.Operations Committee:Chair Irene Laube passed out copies of the OperationsCommittee report and information about options forthe currently vacant NCLA Administrative AssistantTsposition. President Holt explained that MaureenCostello resigned the position on November 21, 2001.Since that time, NCLA volunteers have worked toupdate office records and deal with customer serviceissues. Diane Kester and Martha Davis have recon-structed the finances and membership database. IreneLaube and the Operations Committee have beenworking on guidelines for the AdministrativeAssistantTs position.Laube reviewed the functions of the NCLA Admin-istrative Assistant with changes suggested by theOperations Committee in its meeting on January 11,2002. In order to maintain more business-like ochecksand balances,� the Operations Committee recom-mends that all check requests go directly to the Trea-surer who will be responsible for generating andmailing all checks. John Via commented that theAdministrative Assistant should continuously keepsection chairs informed of the addition of new mem-bers now that memberships run from the month ofpayment rather than calendar year. A motion wasmade, seconded, and passed to accept the functions ofthe NCLA Administrative Assistant as revised.NCLA Board members next considered the generaldescription of work and supervision of the NCLAAdministrative Assistant as is now printed in the NCLAHandbook. The Operations Committee now chaired byIrene Laube will supervise this position in conjunctionwith the NCLA President. Diane Kester said that theAdministrative Assistant should also be responsible foradding new members to the NCLA listserv. Otheradditions included the ability to be bonded and to liftup to 30 pounds. All NCLA Board members then votedto accept these changes to the general description ofwork and supervision of the NCLA AdministrativeAssistant.NCLA Board members next examined four optionsNorth Carolina Libraries, Vol. 60

for office hours and location for the NCLA Administra-tive Assistant while considering if we want to hire thebest person we can hire or the best person in theRaleigh area. Option A: The Administrative Assistantkeeps daily office hours in the NCLA Office availableto members from 9:00 a.m. " 1:00 p.m. Option B: TheAdministrative Assistant keeps regular office hours inthe NCLA Office, but can have some flexibility insetting the office hours. Option C: The AdministrativeAssistant will work in the NCLA Office two days perweek and maintain phone, e-mail, and fax availabilityon other days at an offsite location. Option D: TheAdministrative Assistant maintains the NCLA Office inhis/her home or at an office space in the town inwhich that person lives.After discussion, a motion was made by TeresaMcManus that the NCLA Board approve Options A andC, authorize the Operations Committee to entertainproposals from candidates for the position, and thatthe Operations Committee finally establish the hoursand place of work for the NCLA Administrative Assis-tant. Phil Barton seconded the motion. Jean Rickadded a ofriendly amendment� that all NCLA recordswill physically remain in the NCLA Office. John Viaadded a ofriendly amendment� that Option C allow theAdministrative Assistant to work in the NCLA Office atleast one day a week instead of two days a week. Themotion with the friendly amendments passed.John Via made a motion that the NCLA ExecutiveCommittee be authorized to approve the hiring of anew Administrative Assistant. The motion passedwithout opposition.Finance Committee:The Finance Committee report states: oWith severalimportant issues pending before the Executive Boardat this meeting, most of which have major budgetaryimplications, it was difficult to come up with a budgetproposal prior to the meeting.� Therefore, ChairCatherine Wilkinson, on behalf of the Finance Com-mittee, presented three budget proposal options anddescribed the impact of the various issues before theExecutive Board. Proposal C would require less moneyto be taken out of reserves. Some suggestions were thathours for the Administrative Assistant be dropped to25 hours per week, that the Operations Committee begiven some flexibility in salary for the AdministrativeAssistant, and that projects grants and committeeexpenses could be reduced. Having provided someinformation for the Finance Committee, the discus-sion was then suspended.North Carolina Libraries:New editor Al Jones made a motion that a plaque bepresented to Frances Bryant Bradburn in appreciationof her service to NCLA as editor of North CarolinaLibraries 1985-2002. The motion unanimously passed.Jones will also interview Bryant for the next issue ofNorth Carolina Libraries, Vol. 60the journal.Jones then made a proposal on behalf of theNorth Carolina Libraries Board to publish the journalin electronic format. Discussion included the fact thatmany state library journals are already electronic andthat an electronic journal will hopefully save money.The electronic journal will continue to be refereedand be published quarterly. Jones made a motion thatNorth Carolina Libraries be converted to a journalin electronic format with the possibility of an annualprint comulation. The motion passed with noopposition.Al Jones is also giving $100 to the Endowment inhonor of Frances Bradburn and challenged otherNCLA members to do the same.Marketing and Publications Committee:The Marketing and Publications Committee presentedthe following suggestions: to design a new NCLA logoappropriate for all formats; to redesign the NCLA Website; to add member status check, online registrationfor conferences and workshops, and other memberservices to the Web site; to provide a Web site templatefor the section Web sites; and to host all section Websites on the NCLA server.The Marketing and Publications Committee alsoproposed that NCLA and the State Library of NorthCarolina collaborate to revive the publication of TarHeel Libraries. Joint editors of the newsletter will beKevin Cherry and Frannie Ashburn of the State Libraryof North Carolina. It will be published in print bi-monthly, will contain news about NCLA and librar-iansT accemplishments and activities, and will be anadded benefit of membership for NCLA members.After an examination of the oTar Heel Libraries DraftMission Statement,� a motion was made and passed torevive the publication of Tar Heel Libraries.Announcements:NCLA Board meetings will be held in the followinglocations:April 2002, Elon University; July 2002,Fayetteville State University; October 2002,Davidson College; January 2003, King PublicLibrary.The meeting adjourned at 3:15 p.m." Respectfully Submitted,Martha Davis, SecretaryApproved by the NCLA Executive Board on April 19, 2002.Spring / Summer 2002 " 43