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        <distributor>East Carolina University. J. Y. Joyner Library</distributor>
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          <addrLine>Joyner Library, East Carolina University</addrLine>
          <addrLine>East Fifth Street, Greenville NC 27858-4353 USA</addrLine>
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        <p>North Carolina Libraries<lb /><lb />Fall 2000<lb />The fire next time: Disaster planning and recovery<lb /></p>
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          <lb />
          <lb />Get mainframe power at PC prices with<lb />the Mandarin M3�"� Library Automation System.<lb /><lb />Power searching made easy.<lb /><lb />Mandarin M3 lets libraries manage their collections almost<lb />effortlessly. M3 includes:<lb /><lb />¢ Full Windows functionality<lb /><lb />¢ Asearch engine specifically designed to search MARC records<lb />e A quick and simple OPAC<lb /><lb />¢ Advanced cataloging and circulation features<lb /><lb />A Union Catalog that meets librariesT needs.<lb /><lb />Share real-time information with other libraries using<lb />M3Ts Classic Merged Union Catalog. Set up a Union<lb />Catalog on the Internet with M3 Web Gateways for Adults<lb />and Children or M3Ts Z39.50 server. Or choose SIRS<lb />MandarinTs convenient Union Catalog Hosting Service.<lb /><lb />Superior service at an affordable price.<lb /><lb />Unlimited site licensing. Multilingual interface modules.<lb />Customizable reports. Retrospective conversion. On-site<lb />training. Superior technical support " 24 hours a day,<lb /><lb />7 days a week. With features and services like these,<lb /><lb />it is no wonder hundreds of libraries are turning to<lb />Mandarin M3!<lb /><lb />�,�<lb />SIRS Mandarin, Inc.<lb />Ss ] rs PO. Box 272348<lb />Boca Raton, FL 33427-2348<lb /><lb />MANDARIN... 561-994-0079 + Fax: 561-994-4704 For more information, visit us at www.sirs.com<lb />Illuminating Our World with Information and Automation� or call SIRS Mandarin toll-free at 1-800-232-7477.<lb /></p>
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        <p>Volume 98, Number 7<lb />ISSN 0029-2540<lb /><lb />Fall 2000<lb /><lb />mums J HE FIRE NEXT TIME:<lb />DISASTER PLANNING &amp; RECOVERY<lb /><lb />John Welch, Guest Editor<lb /><lb />48 Shelter from the Storm: Disaster Prevention and Planning,<lb />Pamela Hackbart-Dean<lb /><lb />54 knee Deep in North Carolina: A Disaster Planning Manual, Ron Haislip<lb /><lb />57 After Floyd: Reaching Out to Help Flood Victims Recover Precious Possessions,<lb />Elizabeth H. Smith<lb /><lb />64 From the Bottom Up: School Library Media Centers and the Flood of 1999, Angela<lb />Egerton, Ellen Kendall, and Rhea Resnik<lb /><lb />67 One Public LibraryTs Response to the Storm of the Century, Willie Nelms<lb /><lb />70 _ Disaster Resources on the Web, Robert James<lb /><lb />mummers PR ATURES aaa Ee<lb />46 From the President<lb />73  Lagniappe: Flood of the Century, Mary Boccaccio<lb />74 Wired to the World: Hurricane Web Sites, Ralph Lee Scott<lb />75 About the Authors<lb />77 North Carolina Books<lb />89 In View Of... Reynolda Manor Branch Library<lb />91. NCLA Minutes<lb /><lb />Advertisers: Baker Taylor, 90<lb />Broadfoot's, 93<lb />Brodart, 76<lb /><lb />Checkpoint, 86 Cover: Photos left: In respect to the overall devastation, closed streets were but a mere<lb /><lb />Current Editions, 86 inconvenience of the Floyd aftermath. Thousands of pets and livestock were victims, as<lb />Davidson Titles, 56 well. These two kittens were survivors " and are now deservedly spoiled. (Photos courtesy<lb />Ebsco, 87 Gary Weathersbee.) Right top: This building in Winston-Salem was destroyed by fire, see<lb />Mumford Books, 81 photos and synopsis on page 49. (Photo courtesy Elizabeth Sapp.) Bottom rt.: This home<lb />Parkway Publishers, 61 oin the country� between Belvior and Tarboro became a home literally oin the lake.�<lb />Phibig, 94 (Photo courtesy Wendy Tucker.)<lb />Quality Books, 85<lb />SIRS, front cover North Carolina Libraries is the official publication of the North Carolina Library Association.<lb />UNC Press, back cover Art direction and design by Pat Weathersbee of TeamMedia, Greenville, NC.<lb /></p>
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        <p>Plummer Alston ~AlT Jones, Jr., President<lb /><lb />Milestones in<lb /><lb />orth CarolinaTs libraries and librarians continue to make the news! Read on!<lb />In the May 2000 issue of College and Research Libraries News, it was announced that<lb />North Carolina State University Libraries received a $4,000 gift from Ford Motor<lb />Company to pilot an internship program beginning in the fall of 2000. The libraries<lb />will select an NCSU engineering student to learn how information technology is ap-<lb />plied to libraries and information systems. If the pilot program is successful, the libraries<lb />plan to expand it during the 2001-02 academic year.<lb /><lb />The May 2000 issue of American Libraries included a three-page spread on the Public Li-<lb />brary AssociationTs 8th National Conference in Charlotte, March 28-April 1, 2000. Director<lb />Robert Cannon and the staff of the Public Library of Charlotte and Mecklenburg County<lb />(PLCMC) got some outstandingly positive PR with regard to expanding their staff of automa-<lb /><lb />tion support coordinators from 1 to 25. North Carolina author and poet Robert Mor-<lb />gan presented one of over 100 programs available to over 7,500 participants. Be pre-<lb />pared! The Association of College and Research Libraries (ACRL) will hold its na-<lb />tional conference in Charlotte, April 8-15, 2003. I think that the word is out that<lb />Charlotte is an ideal site for national conferences!<lb /><lb />In the May 2000 issue of ALA News Releases, the American Library Association<lb /><lb />@<lb />N orth Car olina (ALA) Committee on Accreditation announced that it has continued the accredita-<lb /><lb />Librarianship<lb /><lb />46 " fall 2000<lb /><lb />tion of several graduate programs leading to the first professional degree in library<lb /><lb />and information studies. Our own School of Information and Library Science at the<lb /><lb />University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (UNC-CH) and the Department of Li-<lb /><lb />brary and Information Studies at the University of North Carolina at Greensboro<lb /><lb />(UNCG) were among those reaccredited. UNC-CHTs program is scheduled for its next<lb />review in 2006, UNCGTs in 2004.<lb /><lb />SOLINET presented the Preservation and Electronic Information Award to the University<lb />of North Carolina at Chapel Hill for Documenting the American South at the annual meeting<lb />in Atlanta on April 28 (SOLINET DirectorTs Tipsheet, April-May 2000).<lb /><lb />The Association for Library Service to Children (ALSC) announced in the May 2000 issue<lb />of ALA News that Yolanda Foster Bolden of the Forsyth County Public Library (FCPL) has<lb />been appointed to an advisory committee to represent ALA units affected by the Between the<lb />Lions outreach campaign, a collaboration between ALSC and WGBH Educational Founda-<lb />tion. She will represent the ALA Office for Literacy and Outreach Services (OLOS). The FREL<lb />was selected by the Advisory Committee of the ALA OLOS to present a poster session/table<lb />talk on diversity issues titled oPeople Discriminated Against Due to Race, Ethnicity or Lan-<lb />guage� at the 2000 Diversity Fair at the ALA Annual Conference in Chicago.<lb /><lb />The Southern Pines Public Library (SPPL)Ts Junior Library Leaders Program was recog-<lb />nized for excellence in serving young adults by the ALA Young Adult Services Association<lb />(YALSA) as part of a grant project funded by the Margaret A. Edwards Trust with support<lb />from Heckman Bindery, Inc. The SPPL was recognized at the YALSA awards luncheon at the<lb />ALA Conference in Chicago. ALA President Sarah Ann Long will present SPPL a plaque dur-<lb />ing Teen Read Week, October 15-21, 2000.<lb /><lb />The Cameron Village Regional Library of Wake County has been selected as a site this<lb />fall for the second round of oFrom Rosie to Roosevelt: A Film History of Americans in World<lb />War II,� a film and discussion series funded by the National Endowment for the Humanities<lb />(NEH) to National Video Resources (NVR) in partnership with the ALA Public Programs Of-<lb />fice. The new program, oPost War Years, Cold War Fears,� picks up the story where oFrom<lb />Rosie to Roosevelt� leaves off.<lb /><lb />Two North Carolina public libraries, Sheppard Memorial Library of Greenville and the<lb />Forsyth County Public Library System, have been selected to host oThe Great Experiment:<lb />George Washington and the American Republic,� a traveling exhibition organized by the<lb />Huntington Library of San Marino, Califorinia, and the ALA Public Programs Office. The ex-<lb />hibitions will take place between September 2000 and September 2003. The Sheppard Me-<lb />morial Library was also selected to host the oGo Figure!� traveling exhibition between Sep-<lb />tember 2000 and December 2001, organized by the ALA Public Programs Office and Minne-<lb /><lb />North Carolina Libraries<lb /></p>
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        <p>North Carolina Libraries<lb /><lb />ate eee<lb /><lb />sota ChildrenTs Museum. oGo Figure!� is an interactive exhibition that brings the world of math<lb />and its everyday uses to children two to seven years old and their parents through childrenTs lit-<lb />erature. The project was developed in consultation with the ALA Association for Library Service<lb />to Children, with major funding from The National Science Foundation and additional support<lb />from Cargill and 3M.<lb /><lb />Happy Birthday to BookHive! The Public Library of Charlotte and Mecklenburg County cel-<lb />ebrated on June Ist the first birthday of its most popular Web site, BookHive, www.bookhive.<lb />org, that helps children, parents, and educators find the very best in childrenTs literature. ALA<lb />selected it as oone of the best sites for children,� an honor only 13 other sites received. Along<lb />with BookHive, children and other young at heart folks will enjoy PLCMCTs award-winning Web<lb />site, StoryPlace, www.storyplace.org, an interactive, bilingual storytelling site for children. This<lb />summer ten thousand pre-schoolers in 228 Charlotte-area child care centers, most in at-risk<lb />neighborhoods, enjoyed reading 22,000 new childrenTs books, the contribution of the PLCMC.<lb />The donation was made possible by a $228,000 grant from Smart Start of Mecklenburg County.<lb /><lb />The Libraries Build Sustainable Communities Project, a partnership between ALA and Global<lb />Learning, Inc., is highlighted in a twelve-page insert in the June/July 2000 issue of American Librar-<lb />ies. Two North Carolina librarians are on the Libraries Build Sustainable Communities Team. Steve<lb />Sumerford, Assistant Director of the Greensboro Public Library, serves as chair, and Judith Davie,<lb />Director of Library Media Services for the Guilford County Schools, is a member of the team.<lb /><lb />The Chinese American Librarians Association (CALA) awarded Bin Li, a UNC-CH doctoral<lb />student, the 2000 Sheila S. Lai Scholarship, which was presented to her at the ALA Annual Con-<lb />ference in Chicago. The Foreign Language Center of the Cumberland County Public Library and<lb />Information Center, where Bin Li was a former director, received the Leonard Wertheimer Award<lb />ofor outstanding work that enhances and promotes multilingual and/or multiculrural public li-<lb />brary service,� which was presented by the Public Library Association at the ALA Annual Confer-<lb />ence in Chicago.<lb /><lb />The Library Administration and Management Association (LAMA) award for Best of Show in<lb />the category of Internet was presented to the Sandhill Regional Library System of Rockingham at<lb />the ALA Annual Conference in Chicago.<lb /><lb />It is worth noting that the SOLINET Board of Directors and the OCLC Users Council include<lb />two North Carolina librarians on their rosters. Rhoda K. Channing (Wake Forest University) is<lb />the newly elected Chair of the SOLINET Board of Directors. Larry Alford (UNC-CH), who for-<lb />merly served on the SOLINET Delegation to the OCLC Users Council, is now President-Elect of<lb />the OCLC Users Council and will serve as a member of the OCLC Strategic Directions and Gov-<lb />ernance Advisory Council. SOLINET gave its Year 2000 Outstanding Library Program Award for<lb />Continuing Education and Staff Development to the State LibraryTs Master Trainer Program<lb />(MTP). Elaine Christian, who coordinates the MTP for the State Library, attended the awards cer-<lb />emony at SOLINETTs headquarters in Atlanta.<lb /><lb />State Librarian Sandy Cooper and State Library Consultant Tracy Casorso were among the<lb />winners of the 1999 Frances Keppel Awards presented during the annual Federal State Coopera-<lb />tive Statistics Professional Development Conference March 28, 2000, in San Antonio, Texas. The<lb />Keppel Award is given for osubmitting prompt, complete, and high-quality public library data.�<lb /><lb />The Lions International Foundation awarded the local District 31 G Lions Club a grant of<lb />$10,641 to purchase a Braille computer and embosser which will be used at the Library for the<lb />Blind and Physically Handicapped (LBPH) of the State Library. Congratulations to Francine Mar-<lb />tin and Gary Ray (LBPH) for putting together a successful grant application!<lb /><lb />On May 23, 2000, the North Carolina Public Library Directors and their supporters partici-<lb />pated in the annual Public Library Legislative Day activities to seek an increase in the stateTs Aid<lb />to Public Libraries Fund.<lb /><lb />The Library Services and Technology Act (LSTA) Advisory Committee members for 2000-<lb />2001 are Dale Gaddis (Durham County Public Library), Beverley Gass (Guilford County Techni-<lb />cal Community College), Karen Gavigan (Rockingham County Schools), Kate Hickey (Elon Col-<lb />lege), Beth Mueller (Boone), Willie Nelms (Sheppard Memorial Library, Greenville), Karen Perry<lb />(Guilford County Public Schools), Jordan Scepanski (Chair, Triangle Research Libraries Network),<lb />and Patricia Thibodeau (Duke University Medical Center). Thanks for your work on behalf of<lb />North Carolina libraries!<lb /><lb />3M Library Systems, a leader in library security for nearly 30 years, announced the selection<lb />of 70 middle and high schools in the United States to receive a 3M Detection System for their<lb />library media centers through the o3M Salute to Schools� Program. North Carolina winners are<lb />River Road Middle School of Elizabeth City, Madison Middle School in Marshall, and Monroe<lb />Middle School in Monroe.<lb /><lb />Keep up the good work you all are doing to bring national recognition to North Carolina<lb />libraries and to serve the informational and recreational needs of all North Carolinians!<lb /><lb />Fall 2000 " 4/7<lb /><lb /></p>
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          <lb />Shelter From the Storm:<lb /><lb />Disaster Prevention and Planning<lb /><lb />hether by hurricane, light-<lb /><lb />ning strikes, or a broken<lb /><lb />water pipe, disaster can hap-<lb /><lb />pen anywhere, anytime. Pre-<lb /><lb />ventive measures taken before<lb /><lb />a disaster strikes can minimize<lb /><lb />devastating damage. Also, steps<lb /><lb />can be taken post-disaster that will accel-<lb /><lb />erate recovery and minimize loss of col-<lb />lections.<lb /><lb />In some cases, speedy responses by<lb />quick-thinking librarians or archivists<lb />can prevent major losses of material, but<lb />a quick reaction without a plan or pur-<lb />pose is not enough to prevent disrup-<lb />tions in service and hefty recovery costs.<lb />By contrast, a library or archives<lb />equipped with a disaster response plan<lb />coordinated in advance and familiar to<lb />all staff members will help an institution<lb />recover quickly from even a severe disas-<lb />ter, restoring service to near normal dur-<lb />ing the clean-up process.!<lb /><lb />The best way to handle disasters is<lb />to assume their inevitability and to plan<lb />accordingly. Every library, archives, his-<lb />torical society, and records repository<lb />needs disaster protection. Planning<lb />ahead for disaster not only reduces<lb />permanent damage or loss to collec-<lb />tions, but may paradoxically prevent<lb />disasters.�<lb /><lb />Fire-related Disasters:<lb /><lb />causes and prevention<lb /><lb />The most feared of the upheavals<lb />that libraries suffer is fire. Not only<lb />does fire destroy materials, but quite<lb /><lb />48 " Fall 2000<lb /><lb />by Pamela Hackbart-Dean<lb /><lb />often extinguishing the fire causes as<lb />much, if not more, damage than the ac-<lb />tual fire. It is imperative for library and<lb />archives staff to learn steps that can be<lb />taken to prevent fire. A fire may start<lb />from many difference sources, and a<lb />comprehensive fire prevention program<lb />is not a simple undertaking.<lb /><lb />Causes of fires include lightning<lb />and earthquakes, old or improper wit-<lb />ing, defective heating equipment, and<lb />accumulations of combustible trash. In-<lb />nocently overloading an outlet can re-<lb />sult in a fire as damaging as one started<lb />deliberately by an arsonist. Little can be<lb />done to prevent natural disasters or a<lb />determined arsonist, but much can be<lb />done to prevent a fire caused by human<lb />error and building failure. Remember,<lb />library materials constitute a highly<lb />combustible, compact fuel that will<lb />burn to completion if given the chance.<lb /><lb />Profile of a Fire<lb /><lb />Typically, a fire will develop in four<lb />stages: incipient, smoldering, flame and<lb /><lb />Planning ahead for disaster<lb />not only reduces permanent<lb />damage or loss to collections,<lb />but may paradoxically<lb />prevent disasters.<lb /><lb />heat. In the incipient phase, there is sig-<lb />nificant heat but no visible smoke or<lb />flames. Visible or invisible ions or par-<lb />ticles of combustion are produced dur-<lb />ing this phase, and may go undetected<lb />over a relatively long period of time.<lb />When the particles become visible, the<lb />fire enters the smoldering phase. The<lb />third phase, flame, is produced when<lb />ignition actually occurs. The tempera-<lb />ture increases, leading to the final heat<lb />stage, when large volumes of heat,<lb />flame, smoke and toxic gases are pro-<lb />duced.?<lb /><lb />Elements of Fire Safety<lb />The three types of fire that are likely to<lb />occur in a library are Class A (cellulostic<lb />materials, such as paper and wood),<lb />Class B (flammable liquid, oil, grease or<lb />tar), and Class C (electrical).<lb /><lb />Building Design<lb /><lb />Ideally, a library will incorporate fire-pre-<lb />vention measures during construction.<lb />Unfortunately, this is unusual, and in<lb />many instances even facility upgrades<lb />are not fiscally feasible. Nonethe-<lb />less, an effort should be made to<lb />bring the building to the highest<lb />state of disaster preparedness as<lb />possible.<lb /><lb />Building design should mini-<lb />mize air passages between concrete<lb />floors. This will prevent fire from<lb />traveling between areas of the<lb />building. Another area of concern<lb />are concealed spaces, such as false<lb />ceilings, which may provide a path<lb /><lb />North Carolina Libraries<lb /></p>
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          <lb />for fire to spread unnoticed.<lb /><lb />If the wiring in a building is over<lb />twenty years old, and/or if the wiring is<lb />carrying a heavier load than it was de-<lb />signed for, then the library needs a cer-<lb />tified electrician to inspect the wiring for<lb />safety.<lb /><lb />Libraries should develop a good re-<lb />lationship with their local fire depart-<lb />ments. Invite them to tour the facility,<lb />review the libraryTs fire procedures, in-<lb />spect areas of concern, provide guidance,<lb />and learn more about the building itself.<lb />This will save time if they have to re-<lb />spond to an emergency later, and ad-<lb />vance notice of what fire-fighting proce-<lb />dures will be used can help the library<lb />staff minimize damage to materials.*<lb /><lb />Fire Detection<lb /><lb />It is of primary importance to have any<lb />fire detection system connected to the<lb />fire department to insure immediate re-<lb />sponse. Consult with fire experts as well<lb /><lb />as insurance carriers for their suggestions<lb />of acceptable systems, which include<lb />different types:<lb /><lb />The Thermal Detector is useful in<lb />compact and enclosed spaces with a<lb />high concentration of stored materi-<lb />als that are susceptible to rapid heat<lb />build-up. The most common units<lb />are fixed-temperature devices that<lb />operate when the room reaches a<lb />predetermined temperature (usually<lb />135°-165°F/57°-74°C). These systems<lb />are adequate for film-based media,<lb />which are quickly damaged by rising<lb />temperatures.<lb /><lb />The Flame Detector senses infrared<lb />radiation and is suitable for areas<lb />where fires could develop quickly<lb />due to vast space or strong air move-<lb />ment.<lb /><lb />The Photoelectric or smoke detec-<lb />tor responds to visible particles of<lb /><lb />smoke. These are recommended for<lb />early detection of fire.<lb /><lb />The Products-of-combustion or<lb />ionization detector reacts to par-<lb />ticles given off by incipient fire. This<lb />does not require flames or heat to be<lb />effective and is the best early stage<lb />detection.<lb /><lb />Fire Suppression<lb /><lb />If suppression systems are chosen to pre-<lb />vent fires from spreading, then the haz-<lb />ards of the building, the collections<lb />themselves, and the costs should all con-<lb />tribute to the selection process. Enlisting<lb />input from fire experts and fire insur-<lb />ance carriers is recommended. Fire sup-<lb />pression equipment is available for all<lb />varieties of needs and applications. Ex-<lb />perts can test the equipment periodically<lb />to ensure its operability without actually<lb />turning on the sprinklers themselves.<lb /><lb />Portable Extinguishers<lb />If collections are unique,<lb /><lb />then portable extinguish-<lb />ers should be installed in<lb /><lb />In August 1998, a wind-fed<lb />fire destroyed a city block of<lb />what was part of R.J.<lb />ReynoldsT manufacturing<lb />complex in downtown<lb />Winston-Salem. Built in the<lb />early 1900s, the property<lb />was being renovated as part<lb />of the Piedmont Triad<lb />Research Park. Left: The<lb />interior wall of 256-1 on<lb />Chestnut Sreet.<lb /><lb />Below: #256-2 on Patterson<lb />Ave. The dark ~spotT below<lb />left center of the truck was<lb />a car. Photos courtesy<lb />Elizabeth W. Sapp.<lb /><lb />North Carolina Libraries<lb /><lb />Fall 2000 " 49<lb /></p>
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        <p>strategic locations throughout the build-<lb />ing, whether or not it has an automatic<lb />response system. Extinguishers are de-<lb />signed to fight specific classes of fires<lb />and can contain water, gas, or chemicals<lb />and require staff training.<lb /><lb />Sprinkler Systems<lb /><lb />Fire protection experts generally agree<lb />that automatic sprinklers represent one<lb />of the single most significant aspects of<lb />a fire management program.° Properly<lb />designed, installed, and maintained,<lb />these systems can overcome potential<lb />deficiencies in risk management, build-<lb />ing construction, and emergency re-<lb />sponse. They may also enhance the flex-<lb />ibility of building design and increase<lb />the overall level of fire safety.°<lb /><lb />e Wet-pipe sprinklers are the most com-<lb />mon and least expensive system. The<lb />pipes are filled with water at all times<lb />and sprinkler heads are individually<lb />activated.<lb /><lb />e Dry-pipe sprinklers have supply pipes<lb />filled with pressurized air or nitrogen,<lb />rather than water. The opening of a<lb />heat-sensitive sprinkler head releases<lb />pressure, and water is supplied only to<lb />that head and to any others that have<lb />opened. This system reduces the risk<lb />of leaking pipes or damaged sprinkler<lb />heads triggering. The action is, how-<lb />ever, slower than wet pipes, and more<lb />heads may be triggered in an emer-<lb />gency.<lb /><lb />e A pre-action system is normally a dry-<lb />pipe system, but with a significant im-<lb />provement. It is a closed-head system<lb />that usually carries only normal air<lb />pressure in the pipes. This means that<lb />reaction time is shortened, since<lb />air under normal pressure is more<lb />quickly exhausted from the pipes<lb />as the water enters.<lb /><lb />e A gaseous system (FM200) " sup-<lb />presses oxygen and does not use<lb />water. This system requires a sealed<lb />environment and discharges for<lb />ten seconds. There is minimum<lb />corrosive or abrasive residue, but<lb />the disadvantages to this system<lb />are high installation costs, moder-<lb />ate health hazards, and harmful<lb />environmental effects. It is also a<lb />sensitive detection device that is<lb />prone to accidental discharge and<lb />so is not intended for use in pub-<lb />lic areas.<lb /><lb />e The water mist system is a new<lb />tool. These systems are for applica-<lb />tions where very early detection is<lb />critical, and where water sensitiv-<lb />ity and/or limited water supplies<lb />are concerned (libraries, computer<lb /><lb />spaces). Primarily intended to identify<lb />and control a developing fire during<lb />the incipient phase prior to the onset<lb />of visible flame, mist systems utilize a<lb />fine water spray " essentially produc-<lb />ing a fog, which blankets a potential<lb />fire.T<lb /><lb />Performance of Modern Sprinklers<lb />Automatic sprinklers offer an important<lb />fire protection option for most libraries.<lb />Water damage from an activated sprin-<lb />kler is usually easier to remedy than the<lb />damage caused by fire, smoke, and pres-<lb />surized water.<lb /><lb />The correct application of sprinklers<lb />is dependent upon careful design and<lb />installation of high quality components<lb />by capable engineers and contractors. A<lb />properly selected, designed, and in-<lb />stalled system will offer unexcelled reli-<lb />ability.<lb /><lb />Wind and Water-related<lb />Disasters<lb /><lb />Although fire may be the catastrophe<lb />that strikes the most fear into the hearts<lb />of archivists and libraries, violent<lb />storms are actually a more common<lb />cause of natural disaster. A stormTs dual<lb />threat of wind and water increases the<lb />likelihood of damage. Flooding may be<lb />devastating even without wind. We can<lb />never be completely free of the less dra-<lb />matic, but pervasive, threats from<lb />sources such as leaking roofs and drip-<lb />ping pipes.<lb /><lb />The causes of a water-based disaster<lb />are wide-ranging. Nature takes its toll<lb />through hurricanes, tornadoes, earth-<lb />quakes, and floods. These types of<lb />storms have a widespread, ruinous na-<lb /><lb />ture, bringing disarray and destruction<lb />to a large segment of the community.<lb />Efforts at recovery are compromised due<lb />to the competing demands on staff, lack<lb />of assistance from local agencies, un-<lb />availability of supplies, an increase in<lb />potential vandalism, and threats to<lb />health.<lb /><lb />Water damage may be caused by<lb />accidents and catastrophes such as<lb />plumbing failures or malfunctioning<lb />sprinkler and air conditioning systems.<lb />Basement stack areas may fill with<lb />ground water entering through cracks<lb />in the building foundation, or from<lb />ruptured water pipes. Torrential rains<lb />find their way onto books or papers in<lb />upper levels through leaky roofs.<lb /><lb />Vandals may tamper with sprinkler<lb />systems, air conditioning mechanisms,<lb />fire mains, or plumbing facilities to re-<lb />lease water on collections.<lb /><lb />Finally, once humidity is high or<lb />water has entered collection areas, the<lb />danger of a mold disaster exists.<lb /><lb />Protection from Water Damage<lb /><lb />Protection from water damage is essen-<lb />tial to the preservation of library and<lb />archival materials. Even a minor water<lb />accident such as a leaky pipe can cause<lb />extensive and irreparable harm to col-<lb />lections. Several precautions can be<lb />taken.<lb /><lb />Structural considerations:<lb /><lb />Vulnerabilities to an institution can be-<lb />gin with the building itself. Inspection<lb />of the building and site will identify<lb />some potential hazards.<lb /><lb />Remember to clean gutters and<lb />drains on a frequent basis. Inspect roof<lb /><lb />These photos (above and next page) of property in Kure Beach, NC, illustrate the damage a<lb /><lb />hurricaneTs wind and water can do. Photos courtesy Elizabeth W. Sapp.<lb /><lb />90 " Fall 2000<lb /><lb />North Carolina Libraries<lb /></p>
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          <lb />coverings regularly and repair or replace<lb />as needed. Flat roofs are especially prob-<lb />lematic and need frequent inspections<lb />because dirt and debris can accumulate on<lb />them, leading to retention of water and<lb />deterioration of the roofing material.<lb /><lb />Avoid storage in basements or in<lb />other areas where the threat of flooding<lb />is possible. If collections must be stored<lb />in areas vulnerable to flooding, install<lb />water-sensing alarms to insure quick de-<lb />tection.T Sump-pumps should be used<lb />in basement areas, especially if in a<lb />flood region. Drains below ground level<lb />should incorporate manual cutoffs that<lb />may be activated if flood levels threaten<lb />to cause a backup of water into the<lb />building.<lb /><lb />Because mundane drips from pipes<lb />are sources of much water-related dam-<lb />age in libraries and archives, it is advis-<lb />able to place drip pans under all ex-<lb />posed pipes in the stack areas. It is im-<lb />portant that materials never be stored<lb />under water pipes, steam pipes, lavato-<lb />ries, air-conditioning equipment, or<lb /><lb />involve huge demands on funds or staff<lb /><lb />time. These steps will reduce the risk of<lb /><lb />damaging collections from a water di-<lb /><lb />saster:<lb /><lb />e Always shelve materials at least 4� off<lb />the floor and at least 2T from the ceil-<lb />ing (place on temporary pallets if nec-<lb />essary). Locate shelving at least 12�<lb />away from exterior walls to prevent<lb />contact with condensation.<lb /><lb />e Protective enclosures, such as boxes,<lb />provide a barrier between an item and<lb />hostile conditions. Do not leave pa-<lb />pers, books, or other collection mate-<lb />rials on tables or other unprotected<lb />surfaces. This presents not only a se-<lb />curity problem, but it also makes<lb />items more susceptible to damage<lb />from leaks.<lb /><lb />e Store books and papers at a distance<lb />from windows. This will reduce expo-<lb />sure to storm and flood damage, and<lb />minimize exposure to ultraviolet ra-<lb />diation. If there is an approaching<lb />weather disaster, move materials to<lb />an interior location, an upper floor, or<lb /><lb />other sources of moisture.<lb /><lb />Consider a libraryTs or<lb />archiveTs location in a otor-<lb />nado alley� or hurricane lo-<lb />cality. The institutionTs ad-<lb />ministration must consider<lb />construction of wooden<lb />frames, protective panels, or<lb />shutters to place over im-<lb />pact-resistant glass win-<lb />dows.?<lb /><lb />Storage practice:<lb /><lb />Any repository will be able<lb />to take the following rec-<lb />ommended storage precau-<lb />tions because they do not<lb /><lb />North Carolina Libraries<lb /><lb />another building situated at a higher<lb />elevation.<lb /><lb />Environmental and housekeeping<lb />hazards:<lb />Within the building itself, environmen-<lb />tal systems are of primary concern.<lb />Maintain proper temperature levels and<lb />relative humidity, allow appropriate cir-<lb />culation of air, and permit only clean,<lb />clutter-free storage areas. Ideally, tem-<lb />perature should never go above 70°F or<lb />relative humidity above 50%. The<lb />higher the temperature and humidity,<lb />the higher the risk of mold growth. If a<lb />water-related emergency occurs, wet<lb />materials must be treated immediately<lb />before mold growth develops.!°<lb />Following any severe weather pat-<lb />tern, inspect the building for structural<lb />damage, leaks, sprinkler breaks, or fires. Be<lb />sure to check for water accumulation in<lb />hidden areas, such as attics, false ceilings,<lb />closed storage areas, and light fixtures.<lb /><lb />Developing a Disaster Plan<lb /><lb />The old adage oAn ounce of prevention<lb />is worth a pound of cure� is<lb />never more true than in<lb />the case of library and ar-<lb />chival disaster planning<lb />and prevention. A written<lb />plan is the single most im-<lb />portant step in preparing<lb />for disasters. First, such a<lb />written document ac-<lb />knowledges that disasters<lb />are possible, and that there<lb />is a commitment on the<lb />part of the organization to<lb />accept responsibility for<lb />their amelioration in a sen-<lb />sible and logical way. Sec-<lb /><lb />ond, preparation of a writ-<lb />ten plan eliminates panic,<lb />assures proper decision-making, reduces<lb />the damage to collections, and limits<lb />the costs of recovery. Finally, a plan<lb />consolidates ideas and provides step-by-<lb />step instructions that are clear and easy<lb />to follow.<lb /><lb />Before any steps can be taken, com-<lb />mitment to disaster preparedness must<lb />be articulated. Disaster planning re-<lb />quires administrative support for both<lb />the staff time needed to carry out vari-<lb />ous procedures and a pledge for funds<lb />to implement the recommendations.<lb />This commitment may take the form of<lb />a written charge, to an established com-<lb />mittee.!!<lb /><lb />Disaster planning can be divided<lb />into basic stages. The first stage is infor-<lb />mation gathering. During this time, col-<lb />lections are assessed, hazards investi-<lb />gated, priorities set, and facts gathered.<lb /><lb />Fall 2000 " 91<lb /></p>
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        <p>The next stage is the implementation of<lb />the written disaster plan.<lb /><lb />Information Gathering<lb /><lb />Establish planning structure<lb /><lb />e Set a timetable: Set reasonable goals<lb />with objectives and a time frame for<lb />completion to help keep planning on<lb />track and provide a sense of accom-<lb />plishment.<lb /><lb />e Identify team: One person should be<lb />assigned the responsibility of organiz-<lb />ing the plan from start to finish. Once<lb />the plan is completed, this person will<lb />have the continuing responsibility to<lb />update the plan, follow through on<lb />its recommendations, and be respon-<lb />sible for a disaster recovery effort.<lb /><lb />In establishing a team, include<lb />members from a broad base of library<lb />and archival backgrounds. Dialog<lb />among individuals from special collec-<lb />tions, collection development, and pub-<lb />lic services staff provides invaluable in-<lb />put and experience.!* Some committees<lb />have included building maintenance<lb />personnel, security experts, and fire and<lb />police experts. Each individual offers<lb />unique perspectives on the collections,<lb />users, and areas of potential concern.<lb /><lb />Assess risk<lb /><lb />e Building survey and inspections: Be-<lb />fore a reliable disaster plan can be<lb />written, it is important to understand<lb />the potential hazards and to under-<lb />take strong preventive and protective<lb />measures. It is helpful to bring in out-<lb />side experts to help determine poten-<lb /><lb />tial hazards in a library or archives.<lb />Set up external and internal haz-<lb />ard surveys, design appropriate<lb />forms! and establish proper channels<lb />for communication. Next, conduct a<lb />physical examination of all facilities.<lb />Assess the results of the surveys, set<lb />priorities for the problems revealed,<lb />and make recommendations for rec-<lb />tifying or alleviating potentially disas-<lb />trous situations. The assessment pro-<lb />cess should identify the most valuable<lb /><lb />As part of the overall planning<lb />effort, it is crucial to look at<lb />collections and assess their val-<lb />ues " fiscal, historical and<lb />scholarly " as they relate to<lb />the overall goals and intentions<lb /><lb />of the organization.<lb /><lb />materials and how they are protected,<lb />stored, insured, and exhibited. At<lb />some point, assessment of insurance<lb />coverage may be appropriate.<lb /><lb />Establish recovery priorities<lb /><lb />e Identify the most important collec-<lb />tions: As part of the overall planning<lb />effort, it is crucial to look at collec-<lb />tions and assess their values " fiscal,<lb />historical and scholarly " as they re-<lb />late to the overall goals and inten-<lb />tions of the organization. It is much<lb />easier to make these decisions in a<lb />calm and reasoned atmosphere than<lb />when faced with an imminent or cur-<lb />rent disaster.<lb /><lb />An institution may try a triage ap-<lb />proach. Top priority materials are those<lb />that are difficult or impossible to re-<lb />place or replicate and that are essential<lb />for the ongoing operations of the insti-<lb />tution, that have prime research value,<lb />or that have a significant monetary<lb />value. Secondary priorities are items<lb />that are difficult to replace or replicate<lb />and that provide significant operational<lb />or research resources. Last priority<lb />would be those materials that can be<lb />replaced, either in original or a copy<lb />format, or that may, if necessary, be<lb />considered expendable to the institu-<lb />tion and its constituents. !4<lb /><lb />Finding aids and other types of<lb />catalogs are essential to most institu-<lb />tions. These may be a major priority;<lb />without them it is difficult to verify<lb />what was damaged or destroyed by the<lb />disaster and to re-establish proper order<lb />subsequent to recovery.!5 A number of<lb />institutions have records of their hold-<lb />ings in electronic format and have the<lb />backup copies or other types of security<lb />copies off-site.<lb /><lb />e Factor in composition of records: It is<lb />essential to determine what types of<lb />media are present in the collections.<lb />For example, identify the bound vol-<lb />umes with paper, cloth, or leather<lb />bindings and whether they have<lb />plain or coated paper. Manuscripts,<lb /><lb />photographs, microfilm,<lb />magnetic media and special<lb />formats such as blueprints<lb />could make up significant<lb />portions of an institutionTs<lb />holdings. Each sizable cat-<lb />egory should be researched<lb />and addressed with appropri-<lb />ate recovery procedures and<lb />an indication of conservators<lb />who could be consulted for<lb />advice.!¢<lb /><lb />¢ Consider services available:<lb /><lb />There are several companies<lb /><lb />72 " Fall 2000<lb /><lb />that provide disaster services as well as<lb />sources of technical assistance. Re-<lb />search these services thoroughly "<lb />this is an essential part of the plan-<lb />ning process. If possible, invite local<lb />service providers to visit your institu-<lb />tion to become familiar with your site<lb />plan and collections in advance of an<lb />emergency. Plan for backup compa-<lb />nies to provide critical supplies and<lb />services in case there is a community-<lb />wide or regional disaster.!�<lb /><lb />Contact these sources on a regular<lb />basis to determine whether neccessary<lb />supplies and services are still available,<lb />and to remind them of their commit-<lb />ment. Keep in mind that in a wide-<lb />scale, major disaster, these sources may<lb />not be available because they have their<lb />own institutional damage or because<lb />they are assisting another entity. In ad-<lb />dition, outside help probably will not<lb />be available immediately.<lb /><lb />Collect response, recovery, and<lb />rehabilitation procedures<lb /><lb />Before a well-developed plan can be<lb />written, time should be devoted to<lb />some preliminary research. The ground-<lb />work should include reviewing mono-<lb />graphs and articles about disaster plan-<lb />ning and recovery. Disaster plans and<lb />manuals from similar institutions<lb />should be examined.!® Committee<lb />members should be encouraged to at-<lb />tend related workshops.<lb /><lb />It is helpful to glean from the expe-<lb />rience of others. This will assist in plan-<lb />ning for oneTs own institutionTs disaster<lb />response. Select and adapt those expe-<lb />riences that apply to oneTs organization,<lb />while adding others that will make the<lb />written plan practical and applicable to<lb />oneTs specific collections.<lb /><lb />Develop resource lists<lb /><lb />e Local emergency agencies: Local,<lb />state, and federal government agen-<lb />cies are valuable sources of assistance.<lb />Obviously, the Federal Emergency<lb />Management Agency (FEMA) pro-<lb />vides disaster assistance programs,<lb />but institutions may not be aware<lb />that this can include support for re-<lb />covery of art objects and cultural re-<lb />sources. An October 1991 policy<lb />change allows federal assistance to<lb />pay for conservation of objects that<lb />are damaged in a disaster. Conserva-<lb />tion is defined by FEMA as othe mini-<lb />mum steps, which are both necessary<lb />and feasible to place the items back<lb />on display without restoring them to<lb />their pre-disaster condition.� FEMA<lb />does not cover the replacement of<lb />destroyed items.!?<lb /><lb />North Carolina Libraries<lb /></p>
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          <lb />e Staff phone tree: The telephone tree is<lb />one of the easiest parts of the plan to<lb />construct. All personnel who will be<lb />expected to assist with recovery pro-<lb />cedures should be listed with both<lb />work and home phone numbers.<lb />Backup staff should also be included.<lb />Regular updates and a copy at the<lb />homes of all key personnel will insure<lb />the treeTs validity and availability.<lb /><lb />Assess financial resources<lb /><lb />When gathering information for a writ-<lb />ten plan, include emergency funds. Ar-<lb />range for emergency cash or credit, be-<lb />cause it is sometimes difficult to obtain<lb />money quickly in a disaster situation.<lb />Knowledge of accounting procedures<lb />and their simplification are essential<lb />during an emergency.<lb /><lb />Evaluate insurance policy<lb /><lb />A basic understanding of an insti-<lb />tutionTs insurance policy is imperative.<lb />Learn what the insurance policy covers<lb />and what the insurance company ex-<lb />pects an institution to handle finan-<lb />cially. Identify those precautions an in-<lb />stitution must take that will reduce pre-<lb />miums. These will be identified in the<lb />policy, as well as the survey of the build-<lb />ing and its contents.<lb /><lb />Be aware of exclusions from cover-<lb />age and have a clear understanding of<lb />steps and procedures to be followed af-<lb />ter a disaster. It is essential to list all the<lb />damage and to provide complete docu-<lb />mentation of conditions and recovery<lb />procedures following a disaster. This<lb />would include taking photographs or<lb />videotapes of the cleanup.<lb /><lb />Before a disaster, take photographs<lb />or videos of valuable items and store<lb />them off-site. These could be stored<lb />with copies of the finding aids and cata-<lb />logs. Finally, appraise the building and<lb />its contents at least every five years.<lb /><lb />Implementation<lb /><lb />The disaster plan must be easy to follow.<lb />People faced with a disaster often have<lb />trouble thinking clearly, so concise in-<lb />structions and prior training are critical<lb />to the success of the plan. The key is to<lb />write in a clear, simple style without sac-<lb />rificing comprehensiveness. Above all,<lb />remember that the plan cannot antici-<lb />pate every detail, so be sure that while<lb />it provides basic instructions, it also al-<lb />lows for some on-the-spot creativity<lb />and adjustments.<lb /><lb />Upon completion, the disaster plan<lb />should have administration approval.<lb />Members of the in-house recovery team<lb />should receive two copies of the plan "<lb />one to keep at work and one to keep at<lb />home. All staff members should read<lb /><lb />North Carolina Libraries<lb /><lb />and have access to the disaster plan. Si-<lb />multaneously, order and distribute sup-<lb />plies. Some of these supplies should be<lb />stockpiled (various locations) in antici-<lb />pation of the type of disaster most likely<lb />to occur.<lb /><lb />Training is an important compo-<lb />nent for the success of the disaster plan,<lb />and especially for the recovery effort if<lb />disaster should strike. Holding one or<lb />more training sessions to introduce staff<lb />to the disaster plan and its use is inte-<lb />gral to its successful application. Proper<lb />attention to prevention and protection<lb />hazards, as well as appropriate reaction<lb />to emergency situations, can make sig-<lb />nificant differences in reducing damage.<lb />Staff training should be scheduled peri-<lb />odically for permanent staff, and in-<lb />cluded as one aspect of the education<lb />package or orientation for new staff in<lb />a library or archives.<lb /><lb />Ongoing Maintenance<lb /><lb />No matter how much energy has been<lb />put into producing an effective disaster<lb />plan, it will be useless if the staff is not<lb />aware of it, if it is outdated, or if it can-<lb />not be found during a disaster. A con-<lb />certed effort must be made to educate<lb />and train staff in emergency procedures.<lb />Each staff member should be made<lb />aware of his or her responsibilities, and<lb />regular drills should be conducted if<lb />possible. Several copies of the plan<lb />should be kept in various locations, in-<lb />cluding off-site, ideally in waterproof<lb />containers.<lb /><lb />Most importantly, the disaster plan<lb />must be reviewed and updated on a pe-<lb />riodic basis, and after a disaster has oc-<lb />curred. Names, addresses, phone num-<lb />bers, and personnel change constantly.<lb />Vendors and suppliers may also change<lb />and will need to be verified on an occa-<lb />sional basis. New collections are ac-<lb />quired, building modifications are<lb />made, and new equipment is installed.<lb />If a plan is not kept completely up to<lb />date, it may not be able to assist the in-<lb />stitution in effectively responding to a<lb />disaster.2°<lb /><lb />Conclusion<lb /><lb />Disaster can happen anytime and any-<lb />where, but if a library is prepared, per-<lb />manent damage can be decreased.<lb />There is no one perfect disaster plan or<lb />one correct way of being prepared.<lb />Since an institution and its staff are not<lb />likely to make the most informed deci-<lb />sions during a disaster, sensible,<lb />thoughtful planning and realistic pre-<lb />paredness will provide the best protec-<lb />tion for collections. A disaster plan must<lb />be considered a living document " al-<lb /><lb />ways changing. An effective disaster<lb />plan will assure that historical collec-<lb />tions in our institutions are protected<lb />for the present and the future.<lb /><lb />References<lb /><lb />! Miriam Kahn, oMastering Disaster:<lb />Emergency Planning for Libraries,� Li-<lb />brary Journal (December 1993): 73.<lb /><lb />2 Mildred OTConnell, oDisaster Plan-<lb />ning: Writing &amp; Implementing Plans for<lb />Collections-Holdings Institutions,� Tech-<lb />nology &amp; Conservation (Summer 1983): 18.<lb /><lb />3 Judith Fortson, Disaster Planning and<lb />Recovery (New York: Neal-Schuman,<lb />ISOs<lb /><lb />MBWElgy 8.<lb /><lb />5 Nick Artim, oAn Introduction to Fire<lb />Detection, Alarm, and Automatic Fire<lb />Sprinkles,� Emergency Management Tech-<lb />nical Leaflet (1999): 1.<lb /><lb />6 Tbid.<lb /><lb />7Nick Artim, oAn Update on<lb />Micromist Fire Extinguishment System,�<lb />WAAC Newsletter (September 1995): 14.<lb /><lb />8 Sherelyn Ogden, oProtection from<lb />Loss: Water and Fire Damage, Biological<lb />Agents, Theft and Vandalism,� Emer-<lb />gency Management Technical Leaflet<lb />(QO 9) as<lb /><lb />° After the Flood: Rehabilitating Historic<lb />Resources (Atlanta, GA: Georgia Depart-<lb />ment of Natural Resources, 1997), 36.<lb /><lb />10 Ogden, 2.<lb /><lb />11 Forston, 77.<lb /><lb />12 Lisa Fox, oManagement Strategies<lb />for Disaster Preparedness,� The ALA Year-<lb />book of Library and Information Services<lb />(Chicago, IL: American Library Associa-<lb />tion, 1989), 3.<lb /><lb />13 SOLINET has a good disaster protec-<lb />tion and prevention checklist available<lb />via the Web at http://www.solinet.net/<lb />presvtn/leaf/prevlist.htm.<lb /><lb />14 Fortson, 82.<lb /><lb />1S Ibid.<lb /><lb />16 Tbid., 81.<lb /><lb />17 Beth Lindblom Patkus, oDisaster<lb />Planning,� Emergency Management Tech-<lb />nical Leaflet (1999): 3.<lb /><lb />18 Some examples of disaster plans can<lb />be located on the Internet. Here are some<lb />suggested sites: http://palimpsest.<lb />stanford.edu/bytopic/disasters/primer/<lb />sidisast.html (Smithsonian Institution);<lb /> http://lcweb.loc.gov/preserv/seibert/<lb />begin.html (Library of Congress); http:/<lb />/palimpsest.stanford.edu/bytopic/disas-<lb />ters/misc/vitalrec/ (NARA); and various<lb />University disaster plans can be found at<lb />http://palimpsest.stanford.edu/bytopic/<lb />disasters/plans/<lb /><lb />19 Patkus, 4.<lb /><lb />2IbIgE..<lb /><lb />Fall 2000 " 97<lb /></p>
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          <lb />Knee Deep in North Carolina:<lb /><lb />A Disaster Planning Manual<lb /><lb />n the fall of 1999, Hurricane<lb />Floyd struck North Carolina with<lb />a vengeance. A drive through the<lb />damaged area two months after this<lb />life-altering event left this author<lb />speechless, and with so much sad-<lb />ness evident in the eyes of the disas-<lb />ter victims, I was unable to take photos<lb />of the destroyed homes and floating cas-<lb />kets. North Carolina libraries were not<lb />immune from this destruction. Accord-<lb />ing to the State Library of North Caro-<lb />lina Web site, extensive flooding caused<lb />collection damages in excess of $640,000<lb />to the Albemarle Regional Library in<lb />Windsor. Twelve other libraries in the<lb />eastern part of the state sustained some<lb />degree of damage while several school<lb />media centers were completely de-<lb />stroyed. After being submerged in six<lb />feet of muddy, sewage-infested water for<lb />more than two weeks, none of Pattillo<lb />Elementary SchoolTs library collection<lb />was considered salvageable. Mold and<lb />mildew even attacked materials that<lb />were stored above flood level.<lb /><lb />Angie Egerton, the Pattillo Elemen-<lb />tary School media specialist, laments<lb />that even though the building was coy-<lb />ered by insurance, few of the contents<lb />were insured. This is a common prob-<lb />lem. In order to receive assistance from<lb />FEMA, she was required to submit a writ-<lb />ten inventory of all materials in the col-<lb />lection. Luckily, Angie had performed a<lb />backup of her catalog before the floods<lb />struck the area. With public donations<lb />and government assistance, the school<lb />and library are slowly rebuilding in a<lb />new location, but without proper plan-<lb />ning, the situation could have resulted<lb />in a total loss with no means of recovery.<lb />In eastern North Carolina, it is too late<lb /><lb />74 " Fall 2000<lb /><lb />by Ron Haislip<lb /><lb />to save many materials of historical sig-<lb />nificance, but with adequate insurance,<lb />a disaster plan and procedures manual,<lb />and knowledge of drying methods, per-<lb />haps other libraries can prevent or at<lb />least minimize the effects of such disas-<lb />ters.<lb /><lb />The Disaster Plan<lb /><lb />The reduction of stress and confusion in<lb />the event of a catastrophe will be the re-<lb />sult of a well-designed disaster plan. Tai-<lb />lored to the needs of each institution, a<lb />plan should include most of the follow-<lb />ing components:<lb /><lb />Introduction:<lb /><lb />Included in the introduction should be<lb />directives as to how often a plan should<lb />be revised, as well as the last revision<lb />date. Because specific individuals may<lb />change positions within a library, re-<lb />sponsibilities should be arranged by job<lb />position. In the disaster plan of the Bal-<lb />timore Academic Library Consortium,<lb />the introduction details why the plan<lb />was created and also provides a basic<lb />summary of sources found within the<lb />plan.<lb /><lb />Emergency Information Sheet:<lb /><lb />This sheet should contain phone num-<lb />bers for police, emergency units, and all<lb />appropriate library staff. Brief step-by-<lb />step instructions of emergency actions<lb />should be listed in the plan booklet and<lb />posted on a wall near a phone in every<lb />department. A list designating the order<lb />in which persons should be called in the<lb />event of an emergency will help alleviate<lb />confusion in an already chaotic situa-<lb />tion.<lb /><lb />Collection Priorities<lb />A map of the library with an outline of<lb /><lb />the order in which materials will be sal-<lb />vaged will help the fire department and<lb />fellow staff members direct immediate<lb />attention to those areas of the library<lb />which hold the most critical collections.<lb />Coated papers and easily replaceable<lb />materials should take lowest priority<lb />while rare items and those with histori-<lb />cal importance should be at the top of<lb />the list.?<lb /><lb />Prevention Strategy<lb /><lb />Procedures, time schedules, and names<lb />of individuals responsible for the testing<lb />and inspections of fire alarms and water<lb />detection systems must appear in the<lb />plan. A checklist should be provided in<lb />the appendix. It is possible for these<lb />water detection systems to transmit sig-<lb />nals to a central location that would<lb />then contact library administrators.<lb />SOLINETTs (Southeastern Library Net-<lb />work, Inc.) Web page www.solinet.net<lb />also recommends a checklist of proce-<lb />dures to be followed when weather fore-<lb />casters give advance warning of an<lb />emergency situation such as a hurricane<lb />or flood.<lb /><lb />Recovery Procedures<lb /><lb />Current salvage procedures should be<lb />included in full detail in the appendices<lb />to the plan. Library staff should be rou-<lb />tinely trained in all methods of recovery.<lb />Salvage procedures are listed in a sepa-<lb />rate section of this paper.<lb /><lb />Resources<lb /><lb />A checklist of materials to be used in the<lb />recovery effort and their corresponding<lb />locations should be kept current. A list<lb />of the suppliers of these items, locations<lb />of freeze storage facilities, and emer-<lb />gency equipment suppliers must be up-<lb />dated a minimum of twice a year. A<lb /><lb />North Carolina Libraries<lb /></p>
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          <lb />comprehensive checklist can be found at<lb />the SOLINET Web site.<lb /><lb />Disaster Procedures<lb /><lb />Step 1: Safety First<lb />Before entering the building, verify<lb />that no live electrical lines are sending<lb />currents through the floodwaters. Do<lb />not enter the building if it is structur-<lb />ally unsafe or if there is a possibility of<lb />electrocution.<lb /><lb />Step 2: Circulate Cool Air<lb />After power has been restored and per-<lb />mission granted to enter the building,<lb />turn off all heat sources and turn on<lb />functioning air conditioners.<lb />Open doors and windows and use<lb />fans and dehumidifiers in order to<lb />circulate as much fresh air as pos-<lb />sible.<lb /><lb />Step 3: Do Not Handle the Dam-<lb /><lb />aged Materials<lb />It is important to keep staff and<lb />volunteers from disturbing materi-<lb />als until the disaster team is able to<lb />provide direction by discussing a<lb />plan of action with all members of<lb />the crew. Reducing the cost of fu-<lb />ture restoration must be one of the<lb />top priorities of the salvage opera-<lb />tion. Handling the materials im-<lb />properly can cause more extensive<lb />damage than the initial flood.<lb /><lb />Step 4: Assemble the Disaster Team<lb />This team should consist of the ad-<lb />ministrator in charge of the build-<lb /><lb />ing facilities, staff members, a cata-<lb /><lb />loger to track materials, a profes-<lb />sional conservator, and a power<lb /><lb />North Carolina Libraries<lb /><lb />company representative.<lb /><lb />Step 5: Salvage the Catalog and<lb /><lb />Other Records of the Collection<lb />If a library still uses a card-based<lb />catalog system, then those cards<lb />must be given the highest priority of<lb />removal. Knowing what is in a col-<lb />lection is essential for damage esti-<lb />mates and insurance reimbursement.<lb />Volunteers should be arranged in an<lb />assembly line, and materials should<lb />be packed in crates, numbered, and<lb />then passed down the line to safety.<lb />Materials should be packed as found,<lb />and no attempts should be made to<lb /><lb /><lb /><lb />close books.<lb /><lb />Step 6: Freeze Materials<lb /><lb />In most instances, it is best to freeze<lb />wet items until they can be dried<lb />through one of the drying methods.<lb />This prevents mold from developing<lb />or spreading in the materials. In the<lb />case that access to the library has been<lb />forbidden for several days, it would be<lb />of great benefit to hire professionals to<lb />administer fungicidal fogging to the<lb />collection.<lb /><lb />Step 7: Dry the Materials<lb /><lb />This step can be accomplished<lb />through five techniques: vacuum<lb />freeze-drying, thermal vacuum drying,<lb />air-drying, dehumidification, and<lb />freezer drying.<lb /><lb />(The majority of this section was<lb />adapted from Peter WatersT Salvage of<lb />Water-Damaged Library Materials.*)<lb /><lb />Methods for Drying Wet Books<lb />and Documents<lb /><lb />Vacuum Freeze-Drying<lb /><lb />This process is the most successful and<lb />least expensive method of drying large<lb />amounts of wet books and documents.<lb />Freeze-drying materials that have been<lb />frozen and stored at "20°F allows the ice<lb />crystals to change from a solid into a<lb />vapor state, pass though a condenser,<lb />and convert back to a solid state. Because<lb />the process tends to bring dirt to the<lb />surface, books are easier to clean and<lb />most will not have to be rebound. As a<lb />result of the liquid state of water being<lb />bypassed, materials regain their pre-<lb />damage condition with little or no dis-<lb />tortion depending on the<lb />amount of swelling that<lb />had taken place before<lb />freezing.*<lb /><lb />In 1968, in a fire at the<lb />Gothab, Greenland, Re-<lb />gional Library, books were<lb />instantly frozen when<lb />drenched by water from<lb />fire hoses. The frozen<lb />books were then trans-<lb />ferred to Denmark for res-<lb />toration of documents<lb />that were too unstable for<lb />air-drying. This was the<lb />first use of vacuum freeze-<lb />drying and it was so suc-<lb /><lb />Damage to the Pattillo<lb />Elementary School library<lb />was extensive. Note the<lb />height of the water line<lb />(top photo). Photos courtesy<lb />Angie Egerton.<lb /><lb />Fall 2000 " 99<lb /></p>
        <pb facs="00027371_0014" />
        <p>cessful that oeven handwritten<lb />ink inscriptions did not run.�®<lb />Since 1968, the vacuum freeze-<lb />drying method has been used in<lb />multiple instances including the<lb />Stanford Meyer Library water di-<lb />saster in 1978, and the Klein Law<lb />Library of Temple University fire<lb />in 1972.<lb /><lb />Thermal Vacuum Drying<lb /><lb />Best used for newspapers and<lb />loose documents, this method of<lb />drying water-damaged materials<lb />does not require that they be fro-<lb />zen prior to treatment. The pro-<lb />cess involves drawing water mol-<lb /><lb />Or all... whate<lb />a oa it takes!<lb /><lb />Displaced students bravely face adversity. Photo<lb />courtesy Angie Egerton.<lb /><lb />ecules from documents placed in<lb />a vacuum chamber. Warm, dry air above<lb />32°F is pumped into the chamber to<lb />complete the drying. Because water is in<lb />a liquid state before it vaporizes, some<lb />cockling, binding distortions, and stain-<lb />ing will probably occur, therefore requir-<lb />ing rebinding of bound volumes. Older<lb />rare books and manuscripts must be<lb />dried separately from acidic materials be-<lb />cause if mixed together, materials with<lb />high acidity will contaminate those with<lb />low acidity. This method should not be<lb />used with coated paper because the<lb />pages will block together permanently<lb />when dried.®<lb /><lb />Storing mostly loose documents<lb />and not bound volumes of books, the<lb />Military Personnel Records Center in<lb />Overland, Missouri benefited greatly<lb /><lb />Pavey Dae arene SERS Meee On ie ir<lb /><lb />DEW (aKrele<lb />Titles, Inc.<lb /><lb />Supplying Libraries with<lb /><lb />Books and Other Media<lb /><lb />for Children &amp; Adults<lb /><lb />from thermal vacuum drying in 1973<lb />when it experienced a disastrous fire.<lb />While still wet, the documents went di-<lb />rectly to vacuum chambers at a<lb />McDonnell Douglas facility and a NASA<lb />installation. Records that ohad been wet<lb />for four months and had become<lb />moldy� were successfully dried.T<lb /><lb />Air-Drying<lb /><lb />Air-drying of paper items is most practi-<lb />cal for collections that have sustained<lb />minimal water damage. This process is<lb />ideal for drying leather bound volumes<lb />because greater observation of the dry-<lb />ing leather is required in order to mini-<lb />mize warping and shrinkage. Air-drying<lb />can cause more harm than good because<lb />the longer drying time allows mold<lb />growth to appear, inks to run, and<lb /><lb />Davidson Titles, Inc.Ts exclusive products and various<lb />publishers are presented to schools and libraries by sales<lb />people throughout most of the United States. Most of our<lb />sales personnel have professional and efficient access to<lb />all of our titles and prices through laptop computers; they<lb />can provide fast and convenient ordering.<lb /><lb />* Distributor for over 100 publishers.<lb /><lb />¢ Publisher of 4 creative and exciting childrenTs series:<lb />The Illustrated Rules of the Game<lb />The Dinosaur Dynasty<lb />Extremely Weird<lb />World Guides<lb /><lb />¢ Customized ordering &amp; processing.<lb /><lb />Davidson Titles, Inc.<lb /><lb />101 Executive Drive *« P.O. Box 3538 ¢ Jackson, TN 38303-3538<lb />(800) 433-3903 * Fax: (800) 787-7935 * Email: dtitles@usit.net<lb /><lb />76 " Fall 2000<lb /><lb />coated paper to block. Materials will<lb />benefit most if first frozen because freez-<lb />ing stops mold growth and stabilizes the<lb />items until library staff can begin the<lb />tedious and time-consuming process of<lb />air-drying.®<lb /><lb />Dehumidification<lb /><lb />In this process, industrial dehumidifiers<lb />are brought into the library facility. This<lb />saves packing and removal time because<lb />all materials are left on the shelves. The<lb />Baltimore Academic Libraries Consortium<lb />Disaster Preparedness Plan disaster.lib.<lb />msu.edu states that in order for dehu-<lb />midification to be successful, it must be<lb />oinitiated before swelling and adhesion<lb />has taken place.�<lb /><lb />Freezer Drying<lb /><lb />If left long enough, damp materials can<lb />be successfully dried in a self-defrosting<lb />blast freezer. This should not be used for<lb />coated papers. If temperatures are not<lb />maintained below -10°F, distortions may<lb />occur.<lb /><lb />Conclusion<lb /><lb />Now is the time to consider a plan of<lb />action, not after a disaster happens. Be-<lb />ing prepared can mean the difference<lb />between saving an entire collection or<lb />facing its loss. If used properly and kept<lb />current, a disaster plan and an accompa-<lb />nying set of specific procedures will al-<lb />leviate stress, shorten response time, and<lb />provide for a successful recovery opera-<lb />tion. Remember Pattillo.<lb /><lb />References<lb /><lb />! Hilda Bohem, Disaster Prevention<lb />and Disaster Preparedness. Berkeley: Uni-<lb />versity of California Task Group on the<lb />Preservation of Library Materials, 1978),<lb />6.<lb /><lb />2 John N. DePew, A Library, Media,<lb />and Archival Preservation Handbook. Den-<lb />ver: ABC-CLIO, 1991), 262.<lb /><lb />3 Peter Waters, Procedures for Salvage<lb />of Water-Damaged Library Materials.<lb />(Washington, DC: Library of Congress,<lb />ISS).<lb /><lb />4 DePew, 281.<lb /><lb />5 John Morris, The Library Disaster<lb />Preparedness Handbook.. (Chicago: Ameti-<lb />can Library Association, 1986), 59.<lb /><lb />6 DePew, 280.<lb /><lb />7 Morris, 60.<lb /><lb />8 Judith Fortson, Disaster Planning<lb />and Recovery. (New York: Neal-Schuman<lb />Publishers, 1992), 58-59.<lb /><lb />Special Acknowledgment:<lb /><lb />To Dr. Beatrice Kovacs, Assistant Professor, UNC-<lb />Greensboro, Department of Library and<lb />Information Studies, for her support and<lb />encouragement in the preparation of this article.<lb /><lb />North Carolina Libraries<lb /></p>
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          <lb />
          <lb />After Floyd:<lb />Reaching Out to Help Flood Victims<lb /><lb />Recover Precious Possessions<lb /><lb />taff members at East Carolina<lb />UniversityTs (ECU) Joyner Li-<lb />brary became rescuers following<lb />Hurricane Floyd. They reached<lb />out to help people in eastern<lb />North Carolina save precious<lb />possessions that had become vic-<lb />timsof vicious floodwaters. Joyner Li-<lb />brary staff logged hundreds of hours of<lb />community service after the flooding.<lb />Many of those hours were in the library<lb />where Preservation and Conservation<lb />Department staff worked frantically to<lb />process wet materials before the onset<lb />of mold. Many months after the flood,<lb />people were still bringing water-damaged<lb />materials to the library to see if Preser-<lb />vation and Conservation staff could dry,<lb />clean, or return them to a usable state.<lb />The first recovery jobs were successful;<lb />however, many more flood-damaged<lb />books must be dried. It will be years be-<lb />fore the recovery process is complete.<lb />For more than ten years library. staff<lb />had participated in training sessions<lb />such as the Southeastern Library<lb />NetworkTs (SOLINET) Disaster Prepared-<lb />ness &amp; Recovery Workshop. In addition,<lb />a leak in the North Carolina LibrarianTs<lb />office and a flood in the server room<lb />during building construction gave the<lb />Disaster Committee practice in recover-<lb />ing wet materials. Training workshops<lb />gave a general understanding of salvage<lb />operations that helped in planning re-<lb />covery procedures, while on-the-job<lb />practice helped in refining techniques.<lb />Joyner Library was not flooded by Hur-<lb />ricane Floyd, so staff members became<lb /><lb />North Carolina Libraries<lb /><lb />BES ee ee eee<lb /><lb />by Elizabeth H. Smith<lb /><lb />an active recovery team to assist citizens<lb /><lb />and institutions.<lb /><lb />The Storm<lb /><lb />Even before Hurricane Dennis made a<lb />return visit to eastern North Carolina<lb /><lb />in September 1999, Hurricane<lb />Floyd was being described as<lb />a monster storm. Six inches of<lb />rain had already fallen during<lb />the week that Dennis sim-<lb />mered off the coast of North<lb />Carolina. When it was pre-<lb />dicted that Floyd would make<lb />a direct hit on Greenville,<lb />Joyner LibraryTs Disaster Com-<lb />mittee began planning for yet<lb />another hurricane. We pulled<lb />out the hurricane prepared-<lb />ness memos, last used when<lb />laliunam(eauare © lsxoyaimieT "lob ie<lb />Greenville in 1998, and made<lb />adjustments as needed. (See<lb />Inset 1.) Library staff were re-<lb />minded to turn off and un-<lb />plug computers and other<lb />electrical equipment before<lb />leaving work prior to the<lb />storm. Since there are so<lb />many windows in the new<lb />building, staff members were<lb />encouraged to move materi-<lb />als away from the window<lb />areas.<lb /><lb />There was growing con-<lb />cern as the storm neared<lb />Greenville. East Carolina Uni-<lb />versity classes were canceled<lb />and the governor encouraged<lb /><lb />state employees to leave work in order<lb />to secure their homes. Hurricane Floyd<lb />arrived as predicted dumping 15" of rain<lb />in 24 hours. The wind did not seem so<lb />fierce, but the rain was incredible as it<lb /><lb />rc<lb /><lb />Inset 1<lb />From:<lb /><lb />blew horizontally for many hours.<lb /><lb />Now that we are anticipating the appearance of Hurricane<lb />Floyd, we would like to review the in-house instructions for<lb />preparing computer and electronic equipment.<lb /><lb />WHAT TO DO BEFORE YOU LEAVE FOR THE DAY<lb /><lb />1) Shut down and power off all computers and printers in<lb />your department. Unplug surge protectors. Do NOT un<lb />plug data connections from drops.<lb /><lb />Building Manager<lb />Head of Systems Department<lb />To: Library Staff<lb />Subject: Hurricane Preparedness<lb />Date: September 15, 1999 8:36 AM<lb /><lb />2) Unplug the power connector on your phone. On the<lb />bottom of your phone is an RCA mini plug (one prong,<lb />looks like what is on your walkman earphones).<lb /><lb />3) Unplug anything else, like copiers, coffeepots, micro-<lb />waves, or typewriters. Do NOT unplug refrigerators.<lb /><lb />4) Close all window blinds in the UP position.<lb />Any questions - let us know.<lb /><lb />From: Disaster Committee Chair<lb />To: Library Staff<lb />Subject: Hurricane<lb />Date: December 15, 1999 9:00 AM<lb /><lb />Please take time to review the oNatural Disasters� page in<lb />the Staff Emergency Procedures in preparation for the hur-<lb />ricane conditions that are coming our way. Disaster Com-<lb />mittee members should make certain they have a copy of<lb />the Call Tree (p. 1 of the Procedures) at home.<lb /><lb />Since we do not know if new leaks will appear with this<lb />storm, please remove all materials from window areas.<lb /><lb />Fall 2000 " 97<lb /></p>
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        <p>As with other hurricanes, the sun<lb />shone brightly the day after the storm,<lb />and people in many sections of<lb />Greenville were picking up debris and<lb />even cutting their lawns. However, in<lb />some areas the days following Floyd were<lb />quite different because of rising water<lb />from rivers, creeks, and streams.<lb />Greenville was placed under a curfew as<lb />water invaded homes and businesses so<lb />quickly that many people were forced to<lb />evacuate with nothing but the clothes<lb />they were wearing. Some people were<lb />even rescued from rooftops and trees.<lb />Greenville became an island as water<lb />covered the airport and part of every<lb />road leading to and from the city. ECU<lb />was closed for two weeks while the cam-<lb />pus dried out, and as people helped their<lb />flooded friends and neighbors assess<lb />property damage and adjust to their<lb />losses.<lb /><lb />Know how to contact staff in case of<lb />an emergency<lb />After Hurricane Floyd, we realized how<lb />little we knew about our co-workers; de-<lb />partment heads did not know how to<lb />contact some staff members at home.<lb />The telephone lists in the library disas-<lb />ter plan included only department heads<lb />and disaster committee members. It was<lb />not until ECU employees returned to<lb />work twelve days after the storm that we<lb />learned how many had lost their homes<lb />or sustained flood damage. It took sev-<lb />eral more weeks to determine how many<lb />ECU students had suffered losses.<lb />Faculty and staff convocations were<lb />held the second day back at work. ECU<lb />administrators reviewed the damage to<lb />campus, suggested ways to assist those<lb />who had suffered flood losses, and an-<lb />nounced the formation of the ECU<lb />Outreach Network (ECU-ON) to assist<lb />flood victims throughout eastern North<lb />Carolina.<lb /><lb />Greenville Utilities<lb />employees worked<lb />around-the-clock to<lb />prevent rising<lb />floodwaters from<lb />shorting out<lb />transmission lines at<lb />GreenvilleTs single point<lb />of delivery for electric<lb />power. Photo courtesy<lb />Gary Weathersbee.<lb /><lb />78 " Fall 2000<lb /><lb />ECU-ON actually reinforced some of<lb />the work that had been done through<lb />the Preservation and Conservation De-<lb />partment of Joyner Library. Public pres-<lb />ervation education programs had been<lb />held in several locations, and the depart-<lb />ment had served as a regional center for<lb />preservation and conservation assis-<lb />tance. Two grants from the Department<lb />of Cultural Resources had supported a<lb />Preservation of Family Documents<lb />Workshop Series, which reached people<lb />throughout eastern North Carolina.<lb />Through those outreach programs, many<lb />people learned that there might be some<lb />hope for water-damaged materials.<lb />While the university was closed, people<lb />began calling to find out if Preservation<lb />and Conservation staff could assist with<lb />flood-damaged materials.<lb /><lb />Volunteers are readers<lb /><lb />I went to Joyner Library several times<lb />during the flood to monitor the tempera-<lb />ture and humidity inside the building,<lb />to check the operation of the Wei ~To<lb />Book Freezer/Dryer, and to pick up book<lb />sale items to be donated to the Red Cross.<lb />After completing Red Cross Shelter Op-<lb />erations training just three weeks before<lb />the flood, I had arranged for some book<lb />sale items to be donated. Ironically, the<lb />first donations had been delivered to my<lb />office the day before the storm.<lb /><lb />[had learned while working at a Red<lb />Cross shelter, however, that books and<lb />Bibles will come to the shelter along with<lb />donations of toys, clothing, and food. I<lb />had also worked with Red Cross volun-<lb />teers at my church where a denomina-<lb />tional mass feeding operation prepared<lb />more than 170,000 meals following the<lb />flood. The Red Cross volunteers, who<lb />had been sent to Greenville from as far<lb />away as Hawaii, had some free time<lb />while waiting to deliver meals to flood<lb />victims. Many of them had finished<lb /><lb />reading every book they had brought<lb />with them. So, on one of my trips to the<lb />library, I picked up the box of books in-<lb />tended for disaster victims and donated<lb />them to the volunteers. I also gathered<lb />information about the genealogical<lb />sources in the North Carolina Collection<lb />of Joyner Library for one volunteer from<lb />Mississippi who was hoping to find time<lb />to research family from eastern North<lb />Carolina.<lb /><lb />Monitor closed buildings<lb /><lb />Of most concern to me during the time<lb />that the library was closed was the tem-<lb />perature and humidity in the building.<lb />It had been less than two years since<lb />mold was discovered in a remote stor-<lb />age facility. Those books had been<lb />cleaned and returned to Joyner Library<lb />where normal environmental conditions<lb />of 68°- 70°F and 40% - 43% RH (rela-<lb />tive humidity) should prevent another<lb />mold outbreak. Air continued to circu-<lb />late in the building, but the temperature<lb />remained at 78°F. I learned later that low<lb />water pressure due to a problem with<lb />the pumping facility near the river, had<lb />forced ECU to turn off the library chill-<lb />ers. The library was fortunate to have<lb />even warm moving air, however, because<lb />the circulation prevented mold from<lb />forming. Some libraries in the area did<lb />have mold outbreaks after the storm be-<lb />cause their climate control systems were<lb />turned off while the facilities were<lb />closed.<lb /><lb />Greenville Utilities employees<lb />worked around-the-clock to prevent<lb />floodwaters from shorting out transmis-<lb />sion lines at GreenvilleTs single point of<lb />delivery for electric power. When flood-<lb />waters rose within inches of the main<lb />insulators, power was turned off for 24<lb />hours. It was not a great concern that<lb />the library lost power for this period be-<lb />cause the book dryer was operating only<lb /><lb />North Carolina Libraries<lb /></p>
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        <p>in an experimental cycle. During the<lb />August school break, I had wet some dis-<lb />carded books and started them on a trial<lb />recovery cycle as a refresher course in<lb />operating the equipment.<lb /><lb />Be prepared to answer many<lb />questions<lb /><lb />Spending almost two weeks away from<lb />the library during this major disaster was<lb />not a restful time for anyone. Since the<lb />university was closed, and the few stu-<lb />dents remaining in a dormitory had to<lb />be evacuated when the power was turned<lb />off, Greenville was almost like a ghost<lb />town. It was easy to tell where water had<lb />invaded because there were dirty water<lb />stains on buildings; trash was piled in<lb />yards; and windows and doors were open<lb />on days when air conditioning was<lb />needed.<lb /><lb />I returned to work to find many e-<lb />mail and voice-mail messages inquiring<lb />about the library. The library building<lb />had escaped with only some familiar<lb />leaks and the loss of some books that<lb />were checked out to flood victims. How-<lb />ever, other buildings and equipment on<lb />campus had sustained millions of dol-<lb />lars in damage from floodwater.<lb /><lb />The most pressing call for help came<lb />from someone whose father had a<lb />20,000-volume home library that had<lb />sustained water damage. It was not flood-<lb />water because he lived on a hill; how-<lb />ever, even an engineer could not explain<lb />how the water had invaded the home.<lb />The moisture had caused a severe mold<lb />problem in the book collection that con-<lb />taminated the air throughout the house.<lb />The homeowners had made the environ-<lb />ment even more conducive to mold by<lb />turning off the air conditioner.<lb /><lb />The mold was so severe that I rec-<lb />ommended contacting Munters Mois-<lb />ture Control Services,! the company that<lb />had assisted in the libraryTs mold abate-<lb />ment project. A Munters representative,<lb />who was already in the area, arrived at<lb />the house within 30 minutes after the<lb />call. The moisture control company pro-<lb />vided a dehumidifier to control mold<lb />growth.<lb /><lb />The return trip to Greenville made<lb />it clear that there was still flooding nearly<lb />two weeks after the hurricane. We were<lb />forced to take unmarked detours because<lb />water was rushing across the road we had<lb />traveled earlier in the day. We were glad<lb />to get back to work that day!<lb /><lb />Another call for help that was be-<lb />yond our service capacity was from a<lb />business with 40 file cabinets of wet busi-<lb />ness records. Likewise, I referred them<lb />to Munters and also advised discarding<lb /><lb />North Carolina Libraries<lb /><lb />all nonessential records. I learned from<lb />the Munters representative that critical<lb />items such as payroll records could be<lb />shipped for priority processing and<lb />would be returned within 10 days.<lb /><lb />A photograph of the book dryer that<lb />appeared on the ECU Web site http://<lb />www.ecu.edu and references to the<lb />Preservation and Conservation Depart-<lb />ment in local and state newspaper ar-<lb />ticles prompted additional calls for as-<lb />sistance. A faculty member called to in-<lb />quire about an article in her local paper<lb />that recommended sprinkling corn-<lb />starch or talcum powder in wet books to<lb />absorb the moisture. I vetoed that sug-<lb />gestion because a local school library had<lb />asked for help after baking soda had been<lb />sprinkled in books to absorb odor. The<lb />mess in those books convinced me that<lb />sealing musty materials in a container<lb />with activated charcoal? is much neater<lb />and does a better job of eliminating<lb />odors.<lb /><lb />At the time of the flood, we were<lb />near the end of a successful project to<lb />eliminate odor from the paper enclosures<lb />of CDs that were a gift to the Music Li-<lb />brary. We had removed the program<lb />notes from the plastic cases and stacked<lb />them loosely in a plastic storage con-<lb />tainer with activated charcoal cartridges.<lb />After one month no odor could be de-<lb />tected and the papers and CDs were<lb />placed in new plastic cases.<lb /><lb />In addition to the calls for help, we<lb />heard from people who just wanted to<lb /><lb />know if they were doing the right thing<lb />with their books, papers, photographs,<lb />slides, microfilm, and other wet posses-<lb />sions. One person called for advice on<lb />air drying his slightly damp paperback<lb />book collection. He had already set up<lb />boards across sawhorses in his garage and<lb />placed the books flat on the boards. A<lb />ceiling fan would maintain air circula-<lb />tion to speed the drying process and to<lb />prevent mold that would most certainly<lb />grow in stagnant air. He was doing all of<lb />the right things to dry his collection, so<lb />the only advice I gave him was to turn<lb />the books over occasionally to keep the<lb />covers from curling.<lb /><lb />The person with the 20,000-volume<lb />home library continued to have ques-<lb />tions for several days after our site visit.<lb />The books that had been on the lower<lb />shelves of the library (just four inches<lb />from the floor) were so mold-ridden that<lb />it was not feasible to consider salvage.<lb />Since he had insurance to cover the loss,<lb />I suggested that he remove the title pages<lb />and seal the moldy books in trash bags<lb />for discarding. Removing the damaged<lb />volumes stopped the spread of mold to<lb />other books in the collection and made<lb />the remainder of the house safer for the<lb />family. When wet, mold-damaged books<lb />are not valuable enough to undertake a<lb />recovery project, the best solution is to<lb />discard those books and concentrate ef-<lb />forts on saving less damaged materials.<lb /><lb />It was difficult to see someone<lb />struggle to deal with the loss of part of<lb /><lb />Preservation and Conservation staff (Gloria Bradshaw, Linda Daniels, and Elizabeth Smith)<lb />prepare flood-damaged materials to be placed in the freezer/dryer. Library staff member<lb />Lorre Bullock, who brought a family Bible to be dried, watches the recovery process. Photo<lb /><lb />courtesy Leanne Smith.<lb /><lb />Fall 2000 " 99<lb /></p>
        <pb facs="00027371_0018" />
        <p>his library, collected over 60 years. The<lb />collection might not have been worth a<lb />tremendous sum, but there was value in<lb />some of the complete collections of au-<lb />thorsT works. Our work with this family<lb />included educating them about the dan-<lb />gers of being exposed to active mold,<lb />telling them about ways to dry the un-<lb />damaged portion of the book collection<lb />with dehumidifiers and the central sys-<lb />tem in the house, and suggesting ways<lb />to document ownership by taking pho-<lb />tographs and retaining the title pages of<lb />discarded wet books.<lb /><lb />Church record books receive special<lb />treatment<lb /><lb />Another call for assistance came from<lb />some members of the Friends of Joyner<lb />Library at ECU who had attended our<lb />preservation outreach programs. While<lb />ECU was closed, they had called other<lb />libraries requesting help with some<lb />flood-damaged church record books dat-<lb />ing from 1840. They had received excel-<lb />lent advice to wrap the books individu-<lb />ally in freezer paper and place them in a<lb />freezer. This prevented mold from grow-<lb />ing on the books and kept them in a<lb />stable condition until recovery efforts<lb />could begin. After the library opened,<lb />they brought the books to Greenville in<lb />the trunks of their cars.<lb /><lb />When they arrived at the library, the<lb />books had thawed enough for the freezer<lb />paper to be removed without damaging<lb />the bindings. Every edge of the paper<lb />had been sealed with tape. The care that<lb />had been taken to wrap the books<lb />showed how much the church members<lb /><lb />ste<lb /><lb />Elizabeth Smith places a Bible in the freezer/dryer. Photo courtesy Cliff Hollis, ECU News Bureau.<lb /><lb />valued their record books. Since the<lb />books were frozen solid, it was not pos-<lb />sible to examine the pages; however, the<lb />nature of the contents mandated that we<lb />concentrate on saving the contents first<lb />and the bindings second. All Preserva-<lb />tion and Conservation staff members<lb />were recruited to process the books for<lb />the freezer/dryer.<lb /><lb />Since the books were already frozen,<lb />the drying process could begin immedi-<lb />ately. After the books had been drying<lb />for one month, we were able to open<lb />some of them enough to see that most<lb />of the writing was still legible. Only those<lb />entries that had been made in washable<lb />ink had faded. Two dry books were re-<lb />moved after five months, one was re-<lb />moved after six months, and a fourth<lb />book was removed after eight months.<lb />Some of the bindings survived very well<lb />in the freezer while others will have to<lb />be replaced.<lb /><lb />The Freezer/Dryer dries books slowly<lb /><lb />The temperature in different parts of the<lb />freezer/dryer normally ranges from "S6°F<lb />to 30°F with an average temperature of<lb />27°F in the freezer compartment. Once<lb />a month we remove the books to check<lb />how much they have dried. As books dry,<lb />they can be opened and sheets of<lb />Reemay? can be inserted between some<lb />of the pages to speed the drying process.<lb />This material can also be used to sup-<lb />port wet paper. By placing a sheet of<lb />Reemay on a stack of wet papers, one<lb />can pick up a page and turn it over onto<lb />the sheet. The material will support the<lb />wet page and also allow air to circulate<lb /><lb />60 " Fall 2000<lb /><lb />under the paper for faster drying. A sec-<lb />ond sheet of Reemay and a light weight,<lb />such as a sheet of heavy paper or pam-<lb />phlet binder board, can be placed on top<lb />of the Reemay/paper layers. Paper can<lb />also be pressed after drying or it can be<lb />photocopied if only the information is<lb />to be saved.<lb /><lb />The third monthly inspection of the<lb />books was held just before the two-week<lb />Christmas break. To our alarm, two of<lb />the books had spots of mold on their<lb />front covers. How could mold have<lb />formed in below-freezing temperatures<lb />with two compartment fans running on<lb />high? Since only two of the books had<lb />mold, we concluded that it must have<lb />formed on those books before they were<lb />frozen. It was only after the bindings had<lb />begun to dry that the inactive mold be-<lb />came visible. Since we were scheduled<lb />to be away from the library for two<lb />weeks, the books were returned to the<lb />freezer to guard against mold growth.<lb /><lb />A fire outside the building can affect<lb />materials inside the library.<lb /><lb />Just before the next scheduled check on<lb />the books in January, a faulty switch<lb />caused an outside transformer to burn<lb />and the library lost power for nearly 24<lb />hours. The building was evacuated and<lb />remained closed until the next day. Af-<lb />ter returning to work, we checked the<lb />books in the freezer. To our horror, the<lb />books on the top shelf that could be<lb />opened before Christmas were frozen<lb />shut! What had happened? We con-<lb />cluded that during the power outage the<lb />books had gone through a meltdown<lb />and the nearly dry books had absorbed<lb />moisture from inside the freezer.<lb /><lb />A check of the freezer showed the<lb />temperature of the air coming from the<lb />evaporator to be "59°F, the coldest ever<lb />recorded for the unit. All of the readings<lb />were too cold for book drying and the<lb />average temperature in the compartment<lb />was 15°F, not the 27°F normal reading.<lb />The optimal compartment temperature<lb />for drying is a few degrees below freez-<lb />ing. Initially, we had thought that a<lb />power surge during the transformer fire<lb />might have caused the temperature con-<lb />trollers to lose their settings, so the<lb />freezer was turned off and restarted in<lb />the proper sequence. When the readings<lb />did not return to their normal levels, the<lb />temperature controller was reset from<lb />-40°F to 20°F. This setting should have<lb />kept the compartment temperature<lb />above 20°F, but the readings remained<lb />near 15°F. We theorized that the fire had<lb />damaged the temperature controllers,<lb />and called for service.<lb /><lb />North Carolina Libraries<lb /></p>
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        <p>Meanwhile, the compartment tem-<lb />perature needed to be close to 27°F so<lb />that drying could continue until the ser-<lb />vice technician came. The only solution<lb />was to experiment with the fan speeds,<lb />lights, and door frame heater control to<lb />see if a compartment temperature near<lb />27°F could be achieved. To our surprise,<lb />it was possible. The speeds of the front<lb />and back compartment fans were ad-<lb />justed from medium to low, the fluores-<lb />cent compartment light was turned on,<lb />and the doorframe heater control was<lb />adjusted from 40° to 50° to provide more<lb />heat. This combination resulted in a<lb />compartment temperature of 26°F allow-<lb />ing drying to resume.<lb /><lb />Freeze or refrigerate water-damaged<lb /><lb />materials to prevent mold growth<lb />Another call for assistance came from a<lb />family that was storing several family<lb />collections when a dam broke and sent<lb />floodwaters into the lower level of their<lb />home. These collections of 60 years in-<lb />cluded postage stamps, stamped enve-<lb />lopes, coins, and currency. Members of<lb />the family had some preservation knowl-<lb />edge and had placed the collections in a<lb />freezer to prevent mold growth. They<lb />arrived at the library with several cool-<lb />ers filled with coins and currency in plas-<lb />tic and paper boxes, stacks of drawers<lb />filled with postage stamps, and boxes<lb />filled with stamped envelopes.<lb /><lb />The paper boxes and enclosure pa-<lb />pers were ruined, but all of the plastic<lb />boxes could be opened enough to allow<lb />air circulation for drying. Since there<lb />were so many stamps and coins, we kept<lb />them in the departmental refrigerator<lb />until staff members could separate them<lb />for drying. We layered the currency be-<lb />tween sheets of Reemay to be dried flat.<lb />What seemed like a million postage<lb />stamps had to be handled individually.<lb />Using small spatulas, we separated the<lb />stamps and laid single layers on large<lb />sheets of Reemay. These sheets were lay-<lb />ered in oversize bakery pans that had<lb />been purchased several years earlier for<lb />just such a drying project. This arrange-<lb />ment for drying also kept similar stamps<lb />together, as the family had cataloged<lb />them.<lb /><lb />We did not have enough space or<lb />drying supplies to process everything at<lb />the same time. Stacks of stamps and en-<lb />velopes dried overnight and were then<lb />layered in boxes between sheets of pa-<lb />per. All stamps of the same kind were<lb />placed together to make sorting much<lb />easier. Prior to the flood, the family had<lb />planned to sell the marketable collec-<lb />tions and donate the proceeds to the li-<lb /><lb />North Carolina Libraries<lb /><lb />brary. Organizing the collections helped<lb />in determining if the materials still had<lb />some value.<lb /><lb />Approximately two months after the<lb />flood, all of the stamps, envelopes, and<lb />coins were returned to the owners. The<lb />family had done a good job as ofirst re-<lb />sponders� in preventing damaging<lb />mold. Since they had placed the collec-<lb />tions in the freezer and had separated<lb />many items with paper towels, we were<lb />able to dry all of the collections rather<lb />than having to discard them.<lb /><lb />Ask the owner of water-damaged<lb />materials to make decisions about<lb />discarding<lb /><lb />At least one ECU faculty member had<lb /><lb />time to plan ahead because her flood-<lb />damaged materials were in storage near<lb />the airport. It took two weeks for flood-<lb />waters to recede enough for her to get<lb />to her storage unit. After ECU opened,<lb />she called to inquire if we could help<lb />whenever she was able to remove her<lb />wet materials from storage.<lb /><lb />The first load included books, a<lb />high school diploma, yearbooks, and art<lb />prints. We worked hurriedly to rinse the<lb />materials and get them in the freezer or<lb />spread them flat for air-drying before<lb />mold began to grow. The smell of the<lb />brown slime that covered every surface<lb />was overpowering. We wore masks,<lb />gloves, and goggles and kept several fans<lb />running to help dissipate the odor. Lysol<lb /><lb />GRANDFATHER<lb /><lb />A Profile<lb /><lb />Letters From James:<lb /><lb />Ruth Layng<lb />2000, 350 pp. ISBN : 1-887905-23-5,<lb />Softcover, 19.95<lb />James, a young Irishman fighting<lb />in France in WWI, corresponds<lb />with Jennie, a native of Zionville,<lb />NC about the horrors of war as<lb />well as the hardships and joys of<lb />Appalachian mountain life. o...A<lb />new novel so mature and so<lb />enjoyable you wish it would not<lb />end.� John Foster West, Emeritus :<lb />Professor of English at ASU<lb /><lb />The Summer People<lb /><lb />John Foster West<lb />2000, 244 pp.<lb /><lb />of Tom Dula, and Time Was. (Reprint)<lb /><lb />Grandfather Mountain: A Profile<lb /><lb />1999, xvi, 110 pp., bibl., Photographs, Index.<lb />ISBN: 1-887905-17-0. Softcover; $14.95.<lb /><lb />Many have seen Grandfather Mountain, but few know its<lb />complete history and full stature. Grandfather Mountain:<lb />A Profile returns to the origins of this living entity, tracing<lb />its unique development " geological, meteorological, natural,<lb />prehistoric, and modern humans " to the present day. The<lb />author, Miles Tager, winner of numerous journalism awards,<lb />is a staff writer/editor for Boone, North CarolinaTs Mountain<lb />Times, and lives at the base of Grandfather Mountain.<lb /><lb />A High Country Love Story<lb /><lb />ISBN: 1-887905-27-8 Softcover, $14.95<lb /><lb />1974 is a summer of discovery for 24-year-old Anna<lb />DeVoss, widowed in the unfamiliar NC mountains.<lb />AnnaTs mother-in-law persuades her to spend some<lb />time alone in the familyTs Watauga County summer<lb />home. Winner of the first Appalachian Consortium<lb />Fiction Award. John Foster West is the acclaimed<lb />author of Lift Up Your Head, Tom Dooley, The Ballad<lb /><lb />Miles Tager<lb /><lb /><lb /><lb /><lb /><lb />M. Mason Jars<lb />» inthe Flood<lb />and Other<lb /><lb />Stories<lb /><lb /><lb /><lb /><lb /><lb /><lb />oo<lb />2000, xii, 210 pp.,<lb />ISBN: 1-887905-22-7.<lb /><lb />Hardcover, $20.00<lb />Meet Gary Carden, storyteller,<lb />folklorist, playwright and<lb />author, and award-winning<lb />English instructor, drama<lb />director and grants writer for<lb />the Eastern Band of Cherokee<lb />Indians. Two plays, oThe<lb />Raindrop Waltz� and oLandTs<lb />End� have been recently<lb />produced in Atlanta, Key West,<lb />and San Francisco. His video,<lb />oBlow the Tannery Whistle!�<lb />has been presented on PBS,<lb />and is a perennial favorite with<lb /><lb />his storytelling audiences.<lb /><lb />call or write<lb />Sor our free catalog!<lb /><lb />Parkway Publishers, Inc.<lb /><lb /><lb /><lb /><lb /><lb /><lb /><lb /><lb /><lb /><lb /><lb /><lb /><lb /><lb /><lb /><lb /><lb />P..O. Box 3678, Boone, NC 28607<lb />Phone &amp; Fax: (828) 265-3993<lb />Toll-Free: (800) 821-9155<lb />visit us at www.parkwaypublishers.com<lb /><lb /><lb /><lb />Fall 2000 " 61<lb /></p>
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          <lb />sprayed behind the fans carried a de-<lb />odorizing aroma through the air and<lb />made the work area a little more toler-<lb />able. This collection was difficult to pro-<lb />cess because library staff felt some of the<lb />books should have been discarded.<lb /><lb />When the faculty member called<lb />about bringing a second load, we asked<lb />that she plan to stay at the library for a<lb />while to help determine if any of the<lb />books could be discarded. This was an<lb />excellent idea. The owner washed the<lb />books under running water and decided<lb />to discard more than half of them be-<lb />cause they were popular titles that could<lb />be replaced. Her decision to discard<lb />made the salvage process more manage-<lb />able. We had learned with trial runs that<lb />wet books dry much faster with the cov-<lb />ers removed. Since the owner was there<lb />to help make decisions, we were able to<lb />remove some covers and air dry the<lb />cloth. Cover boards would be replaced<lb />after the texts have dried.<lb /><lb />Some photographs can be salvaged<lb />after being in water for several weeks<lb /><lb />The salvage rate of photographs in one<lb />collection was good because they were<lb />brought to us very soon after they had<lb />been removed from the floodwaters. Al-<lb />most all of the photos dried well and<lb />all of the mementos were saved. Even a<lb />file of legal papers was separated to air<lb />dry. Once again, washable ink<lb />caused damage in this collec-<lb />tion. A birth announcement<lb />written in washable ink faded<lb />onto a baby picture; however,<lb />we scanned the photo and re-<lb />moved the ink stain images.<lb /><lb />We were not as successful,<lb />however, in recovering some<lb />family photo albums that had<lb />remained at a flooded retire-<lb />ment home for several weeks.<lb />Residents had been evacuated to an-<lb />other town and could not remove their<lb />possessions for several weeks after the<lb />floodwaters receded. Very few of the<lb />color photos could be saved. In many<lb />of the photos, the color had run or the<lb />emulsion lifted from the paper when the<lb />plastic page cover was moved. Other<lb />color photos had a crackled glaze fin-<lb />ish; however, the floodwaters did not<lb />damage many of the older black and<lb />white photos. We removed them from<lb />the album, rinsed them under running<lb />water, and laid them out to dry. As they<lb />dried, some of the photos curled, but<lb />they were later pressed between layers<lb />of Reemay.<lb /><lb />It was more difficult to remove pho-<lb />tos from magnetic albums; however, the<lb /><lb />62 " Fall 2000<lb /><lb />colors survived better than in the pocket<lb />style pages. The magnetic pages were<lb />sealed around the edges and kept water<lb />from penetrating the emulsion, while<lb />pockets held water and caused the emul-<lb />sion to run from the photographs.<lb /><lb />Coated pages can be salvaged if they<lb />are frozen within a few hours<lb /><lb />All materials, except the books, have<lb />been dried and returned to the faculty<lb />member whose storage unit was<lb />flooded. We expect the books to dry<lb />successfully because they were pressed<lb />and frozen within hours after being re-<lb />moved from the floodwater. Since we<lb />could turn the pages of the yearbooks,<lb />we feel those pages will separate after<lb />drying. Coated pages adhere to one an-<lb />other within six hours of getting wet or<lb />being removed from water. The sooner<lb />they are frozen, the greater the chances<lb />for recovery.<lb /><lb />Several years before the flood, we<lb />had a 100% recovery rate for a collec-<lb />tion of books with coated pages because<lb />the owner had wrapped the books in<lb />wax paper and placed them in a freezer<lb />until they could be brought to the li-<lb />brary for freeze drying. We also saved<lb />the dust jackets for those books. When<lb />the books dried enough, we removed<lb />the jackets and pressed them between<lb />sheets of Reemay for air-drying. After<lb /><lb />Disaster preparedness training<lb />for library staff was the best<lb />preparation for meeting our<lb />needs after the flood.<lb /><lb />the books were removed from the<lb />freezer, the jackets were shaped around<lb />the covers.<lb /><lb />Know where freezer space might be<lb />available<lb /><lb />As the wet books continued to come in<lb />after the flood, we knew more freezer<lb />space would be needed as a holding area<lb />until they could be moved into the<lb />freezer/dryer. Books were pressed be-<lb />tween acrylic sheets, packed in plastic<lb />storage cartons, and moved to a rental<lb />freezer truck that was parked next to the<lb />student center. The books were later<lb />moved to a freezer in the basement of<lb />the student center next door to the li-<lb />brary where they will remain until they<lb />can be placed in the freezer/dryer.<lb /><lb />Disaster training is a valuable<lb /><lb />investment<lb /><lb />Disaster preparedness training for li-<lb />brary staff was the best preparation for<lb />meeting our needs after the flood. Since<lb />we knew basic recovery processes for<lb />water-damaged materials, we were able<lb />to organize salvage procedures quickly<lb />as each collection was received. The<lb />most important step was to label each<lb />item or collection. We already had an<lb />appropriate information form, but the<lb />copies were on colored paper. Any form<lb />used with wet materials should be on<lb />white paper that will not stain, and writ-<lb />ing should be done in pencil. Even<lb />though our Disaster Committee had<lb />been trained in the salvage of water-<lb />damaged materials, they were not re-<lb />cruited to assist with recovering the<lb />flood-damaged materials. The staff of<lb />Preservation and Conservation could<lb />process all that we had room to distrib-<lb />ute for drying each day; however, if it<lb />had been necessary to ask for assistance,<lb />new people would have been assigned<lb />to work with someone who already had<lb />experience on the project.<lb /><lb />Many flood-damaged books can be<lb /><lb />replaced<lb /><lb />Just as an outside fire can affect the li-<lb /><lb />brary, a flood can have a profound ef-<lb />fect on library materials. Soon after<lb />students and faculty returned to<lb />campus, reports of water-damaged or<lb />lost books began coming to the li-<lb />brary. Preservation and Conserva-<lb />tion was involved in this flood re-<lb />covery because it is our responsibil-<lb />ity to determine if damaged books<lb />will be repaired or replaced. Months<lb />after the flood, the library was still<lb />processing claims for flood-damaged<lb />books. Of the 119 books reported<lb /><lb />damaged or lost during the first six<lb /><lb />months, 100 were replaced.<lb /><lb />ECUTs risk management office sub-<lb />mitted a claim to the Federal Emergency<lb />Management Agency (FEMA) and to the -<lb />North Carolina Department of Insur-<lb />ance. The processing costs from the li-<lb />brary insurance valuation were included<lb />in the replacement cost of the books.<lb />All available titles were ordered and in-<lb />voices were coded oFLOYD� so they<lb />could be easily identified. We were sur-<lb />prised to learn that several of the out-<lb />of-print books could be replaced so eas-<lb />ily by searching the Internet at http://<lb />www.bookfinder.com.<lb /><lb />The experience with online<lb />searching prompted me to suggest that<lb />the library acquire a credit card so that<lb /><lb />North Carolina Libraries<lb /></p>
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        <p>an order can be placed online as soon<lb />as an out-of-print title is located. The<lb />credit card will eliminate duplicate<lb />searching and also assure that some<lb />titles can be acquired while they are still<lb />available. Service was fast through the<lb />online companies and the condition of<lb />the books was just as good as the de-<lb />scription. Books that had circulated re-<lb />cently were good candidates to be re-<lb />placed, so there was some urgency to<lb />find other copies. Another title on the<lb />subject was sometimes ordered if a du-<lb />plicate title could not be located. We<lb />also found that some titles not available<lb />online initially might be found during<lb />a subsequent search.<lb /><lb />Update the list of home phone<lb />numbers regularly<lb /><lb />Following the flood, we asked each de-<lb />partment head to keep an up-to-date list<lb />of staff home phone numbers and to<lb /><lb />have a copy of the list at home. Radio<lb />and TV, as well as the ALERT button on<lb /><lb />could leak on them<lb /><lb />humidity are too high.<lb /><lb />opposite directions.<lb /><lb />forms of damage.<lb />Helpful Web Sites<lb /><lb />http://www.fema.gov<lb /><lb />http://palimpsest.stanford.edu<lb /><lb />http://www.solinet.net<lb /><lb />Guidelines to Prevent Water Damage<lb />e Do not shelve materials under a vent where condensation or another form of water<lb /><lb />¢ Keep air moving. Mold grows when air is stagnant<lb />and the temperature and humidity are high.<lb />Install a ceiling fan or place box fans in places<lb />where air should be moving. If using more than<lb />one box fan, position them so the air circulates in<lb />the same direction rather than blowing in<lb /><lb />e Inspect storage areas regularly for water and other<lb /><lb />After the flood, we found the following Web sites to<lb />be helpful for both institutions and individuals. The<lb />information at these sites can be used in disaster<lb />planning as well as after a disaster has occurred:<lb /><lb />the ECU home page, are places one can<lb />turn for emergency information, but we<lb />learned after the transformer fire that<lb />staff members did not always get the lat-<lb />est information. We also updated our<lb />disaster procedures with instructions for<lb />sending information to the ECU Emer-<lb />gency Hotline. In the future, emergency<lb />announcements for library staff will be<lb />included on the library phone message<lb />line that normally gives the hours of<lb />operation.<lb /><lb />Preservation education is<lb />important before and after a<lb /><lb />disaster<lb /><lb />Preservation education opportunities<lb />increased significantly after the flood.<lb />Calls are received almost every week,<lb />and we have worked with both indi-<lb />viduals and institutions to help them<lb />decide how to handle their flood-dam-<lb />aged materials. We hope that no one in<lb />eastern North Carolina will ever again<lb /><lb />have to suffer through a disaster like the<lb />flood that followed Hurricane Floyd.<lb />Our goal is to make people aware of<lb />measures they can take to protect ma-<lb />terials during normal circumstances<lb />because many of those precautions will<lb />help them if they do have water dam-<lb />age.<lb /><lb />There is no conclusion to this ac-<lb />count because the aftermath of Hurri-<lb />cane FloydTs flood is still with us after<lb />many months. We expect to be work-<lb />ing with flood-damaged materials and<lb />with people whose lives were impacted<lb />by the flood for several years.<lb /><lb />Notes<lb /><lb />1 Munters Moisture Control Services<lb />800-775-0935 www.munters.com.<lb /><lb />? Activated charcoal cartridges for or-<lb />ganic vapor/acid gas, 3 M model 6003.<lb /><lb />*Reemay is a non-woven, spun-<lb />bonded polyester fabric.<lb /><lb />e Shelve books at least 12 inches from the floor.<lb />e Do not store materials near a window.<lb /><lb />e Remember the 70-50 Rule: 70°F and 50% RH is a<lb />comfortable environment for most materials.<lb /><lb />e A closet is a good place to store materials, but<lb />mold can still grow if the temperature and<lb /><lb />Inset 2<lb /><lb />Supplies Used in Flood Recovery<lb /><lb />Li Reemay #6, 7,9, 10, 11<lb /><lb />(J Gloves<lb /><lb />QO Lab coats/aprons<lb /><lb />4 Handi-Wipes<lb /><lb />&amp; pencils<lb /><lb />rolls for large items<lb />cut into standard sizes: 10" x 14" &amp; 11" x 17"<lb /><lb />clear like food handlers use for quick on/off wear<lb />heavy vinyl for long-term wear<lb /><lb />I Lysol: liquid and spray<lb /><lb />[1 Small buckets: gallon ice cream containers<lb /><lb />QO) Spatulas #6, 7, 9, 10, 11<lb /><lb />1 Large trays (purchased from bakery that closed)<lb /><lb />(4 Clear acrylic plastic book plates with polished edges<lb />(standard sizes: 9"x12" &amp; 11"x14")<lb /><lb />I Heavy-duty rubber bands<lb /><lb />Information forms on white paper to attach to each piece<lb /><lb />(1 Kraft paper to cover tables<lb />O Folding tables to provide additional work and drying areas<lb />(4 Extra books trucks from other parts of the library<lb /><lb />Assemble supplies before a disaster<lb />For several years, Joyner Library has had a well-<lb /><lb />1 Activated charcoal cartridges for organic vapor/acid gas,<lb />3M model 6003 8<lb /><lb />4 Particulate (general industrial) respirators, 3M model 8210,<lb /><lb />stocked disaster supply closet and the Preservation<lb />and Conservation Department has had many<lb />supplies for small emergencies. (See Inset 2.) Since<lb />all of the supplies we needed were in the library, we<lb />did not have to spend valuable recovery time<lb />looking for materials.<lb /><lb />NIOSH approval TC-84A-0007 8<lb /><lb />1 2-gallon resealable plastic bags<lb /><lb />1 18-gallon plastic storage boxes<lb /><lb />4 Scrap pamphlet binder board to use as light weights on paper<lb />o1 Goggles from campus supply<lb /><lb />North Carolina Libraries Fall 2000 " 63<lb /><lb />OE Sn a I ee eA a are eg SOR = va anes rte clam iar ame Ah Sieh ole i as ct res iets ane aes<lb /></p>
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          <lb />From the Bottom Up:<lb /><lb />School Library Media Centers and<lb /><lb />the Flood of 1999<lb /><lb />by Angela Egerton, Ellen Kendall, and Rhea Resnik<lb /><lb />t loomed large and menacing on<lb />the weather maps. Hurricane Floyd,<lb />one of the most powerful storms<lb />ever to threaten the eastern United<lb />States, charged northward toward<lb />land with potentially catastrophic<lb />winds of 155 miles per hour. With hur-<lb />ricane force winds extending 140 miles<lb />from the core, torrential rains, a large<lb />storm surge, and the hurricane mass ap-<lb />proximating an area the size of Texas,<lb />residents of the East Coast cast a wary<lb />eye, as they stocked up on essentials and<lb />evacuated to safe ground. By early<lb />Wednesday, September 15, the weather<lb />forecasters expected the center of Floyd<lb />to make landfall between Myrtle Beach<lb />and Wilmington and then scoot quickly<lb />into North Carolina following a path<lb />similar to that of Interstate 95.<lb />Edgecombe County was dead center.<lb />At 10:00 A.M. on Wednesday, Sep-<lb />tember 15, school officials made the de-<lb />cision to release students at noon. Faxes<lb />went out to the schools with instructions<lb />to shut down the fileservers, along with<lb />reminders to media coordinators to back<lb />up collection and circulation data and<lb />take storage media off site. Media coordi-<lb />nators, fearing damage from windows<lb />blown in as a result of destructive winds<lb />and leaky roofs, hurriedly placed plastic<lb />bags over computers and moved books<lb />away from windows and other vulnerable<lb />areas. What everyone feared was wind<lb />and water damage from above. Little did<lb />we imagine the danger posed by water<lb />from below.<lb />By Thursday, despite interminable,<lb />hard-driving rain, Floyd had weakened<lb /><lb />64 " Fall 2000<lb /><lb />from a Category 5 storm to a Category 3.<lb />As the hurricane wended its way over<lb />eastern North Carolina, wind gusts rarely<lb />exceeded 60 miles per hour. We thought<lb />Edgecombe was home free! What we did<lb />not notice, however, was that the trees<lb />that toppled over seemed to lose their<lb />footing as a result of water-saturated roots<lb />rather than strong wind gusts. It was an<lb />omen of what was to come.<lb /><lb />And the water began to rise!!!! Creeks,<lb />streams, and the usually placid Tar River<lb />began to overflow their banks fueled by<lb />the incessant rain that accompanied<lb />Floyd and the high water levels that re-<lb />mained from Hurricane Dennis, a hurri-<lb />cane that had meandered off the coast of<lb />Cape Hatteras two weeks earlier. The Tar<lb />River in Greenville inundated homes<lb />early Thursday evening, and the water<lb />began to rise in Tarboro and surrounding<lb />rural areas in the wee hours of Friday<lb />morning. When the water ended its in-<lb />exorable climb to unprecedented levels,<lb />approximately forty percent of the land<lb />area of Edgecombe County was under<lb />water. The Edgecombe County School<lb />system found two of its fourteen schools<lb />totally flooded, to the extent that noth-<lb />ing was salvageable. Pattillo A+ Elemen-<lb />tary School, in East Tarboro, was more<lb />that two-thirds submerged by water.<lb />Princeville Montessori School, in the<lb />flood basin of the Tar River, was covered<lb />by more than twenty feet of water.<lb /><lb />In the immediate aftermath, condi-<lb />tions were chaotic. School officials<lb />worked frantically to determine how and<lb />where students in these two facilities<lb />would be temporarily housed until per-<lb /><lb />manent buildings could be constructed.<lb />Once the decision to use mobile units was<lb />made, the media coordinators waited ex-<lb />pectantly to find out if separate units<lb />would be available for media centers. Fre-<lb />quent meetings with FEMA officials led to<lb />frustration; instructions for determining<lb />losses, assessing value of items destroyed,<lb />and ordering equipment and materials<lb />seemed to change on a daily basis. This<lb />situation was exacerbated by the fact that<lb />many employees who lived in adjacent<lb />cities or outlying areas could not get to the<lb />central office in Tarboro because of washed-<lb />out bridges and flooded roadways.<lb /><lb />A particular problem arose when we<lb />began to work with the school system<lb />fixed asset inventory list. In many in-<lb />stances, it was extremely difficult to deter-<lb />mine the type of item or equipment listed<lb />because the description was sketchy or<lb />the information was limited. In addition,<lb />there was no consistency in terminology.<lb />This situation led to a great deal of aggra-<lb />vation and guesswork.<lb /><lb />When public awareness of the extent.<lb />of the school system loss began to de-<lb />velop, unsolicited donations started to<lb />arrive. School supplies, equipment, and<lb />printed materials began to accumulate in<lb />such quantities that a separate reception<lb />and distribution center was set up in an<lb />unused warehouse. With the goal of pro-<lb />viding reading materials in our class-<lb />rooms before media centers could be for-<lb />mally established, we requested the assis-<lb />tance of vendors with whom we do busi-<lb />ness on a regular basis. Many vendors<lb />called us to announce that donations of<lb />books had been shipped or to inquire<lb /><lb />North Carolina Libraries<lb /></p>
        <pb facs="00027371_0023" />
        <p>about our immediate needs.<lb /><lb />At this point, unfortunately, some<lb />central office personnel refiled orders for<lb />materials that had been purchased in re-<lb />cent years without consulting the media<lb />supervisor and the school media coordi-<lb />nator or without regard for changed<lb />needs. In other cases, central office per-<lb />sonnel consulted closely with school staff<lb />members to carefully weigh and consider<lb />instructional needs. All involved were in<lb />total agreement, however, that a high pri-<lb />ority should be placed on providing an<lb />abundance of reading materials in both<lb />classrooms and in the hands of the many<lb />students whose homes were lost as a re-<lb />sult of the flood. To this end, classroom<lb />paperback libraries were developed, and<lb />many donated materials were collected<lb />and distributed in order to replenish the<lb />home or personal libraries of students<lb />whose homes were lost in the flood.<lb /><lb />Prior to the flood, PattilloTs media<lb />center collection contained over 12,000<lb />items, and the goal was to replace as<lb />much of the collection as possible as<lb />quickly as possible in order to provide the<lb />students and teachers with materials and<lb />resources needed to support the curricu-<lb />lum and promote a love of reading. The<lb />size of the replacement collection conse-<lb />quently determined the direction of the<lb />services offered by the media center. The<lb />media coordinator and principal decided<lb />to order bookcases, storage cabinets, com-<lb />puter tables, and two desks for the media<lb />center staff. In order to have adequate<lb />space to house the collection in a central-<lb />ized location, it was decided that tables<lb />and chairs for students would not be or-<lb />dered. Any instruction requiring seating<lb />for students would be provided in the<lb />classrooms. In the media center, classes<lb /><lb />would sit on the floor along one wall dur-<lb />ing class checkout. Students were very<lb />cooperative and did not complain about<lb />the cramped space.<lb /><lb />Prior to the flood, the media center<lb />collection contained a large number of<lb />classroom novel sets that were used by<lb />the teachers in conjunction with<lb />Edgecombe County SchoolsT Language<lb />Arts Instructional Delivery System. Or-<lb />dering replacement sets for use in the<lb />classrooms was a top priority during the<lb />weeks following the flood. These sets<lb />quickly put books in the hands of the<lb />teachers and students within the first<lb />week of classes.<lb /><lb />Pattillo has used the Accelerated<lb />Reader program for four years and several<lb />of the teachers have earned Model Class-<lb />room status. The media center is also rec-<lb />ognized by Renaissance Professional De-<lb />velopment as a Model Library. In order for<lb />our students to have access to the books<lb />needed for the Reading Renaissance pro-<lb />gram, replacing books from the Acceler-<lb />ated Reader program became the second<lb />area of focus for our school. A plea for<lb />help on the Accelerated Reader listserv<lb />brought in donations of paperback books<lb />and library quality books for classroom li-<lb />braries from across the country. A school<lb />in Canada also became involved in the<lb />campaign to replace the books in our<lb />classrooms. Library quality books to sup-<lb />port the program were also ordered with<lb />FEMA funds.<lb /><lb />PattilloTs media center is also the odis-<lb />tribution center� for resources to support<lb />the curriculum. The third segment of re-<lb />placement orders contained teaching re-<lb />sources for math, language arts, social<lb />studies, science, and health. The School<lb />Improvement Team met to determine<lb /><lb />which resources would be most effective<lb />for meeting the needs of all the teachers<lb />and students. With the current emphasis<lb />on End-of-Grade testing, many of the re-<lb />sources in the initial orders were materi-<lb />als that teachers could use to prepare their<lb />children for the reading, writing, and<lb />math tests.<lb /><lb />After the first three rounds of replace-<lb />ment orders, the media coordinator fo-<lb />cused on replacing the remaining books<lb />in the collection. This round of orders<lb />contained many books and resources<lb />from a wide range of topic areas such as<lb />poetry, science, and technology that<lb />rounded out the media center collection<lb />to the extent that it now contains ap-<lb />proximately 12,000 volumes.<lb /><lb />Services in the media center have<lb />been limited to circulation and curricu-<lb />lum development. Students began check-<lb />ing out books in January, 2000 on a fixed/<lb />flexible schedule. Each class also has a 30-<lb />minute class checkout time every other<lb />week. Unfortunately, due to the amount<lb />of space devoted to shelving and re-<lb />sources, students are unable to use the<lb />media center for research. By the fall of<lb />2000, the restoration of the schoolTs local<lb />area network will be complete so that stu-<lb />dents will have access to electronic infor-<lb />mation resources from their classrooms<lb />and the computer laboratory.<lb /><lb />The priority for the media coordina-<lb />tor at Princeville Montessori School was<lb />to restore the regularly scheduled library<lb />classes for each grade level and to get<lb />books in the hands of the students. Prior<lb />to the flood, each class participated in a<lb />45-minute library visit each week. Teach-<lb />ers and staff felt that it was important that<lb />students return to as much of a regular<lb />media center schedule as possible. Since<lb /><lb />ra<lb /><lb />L<lb /><lb />the designated mobile unit was<lb />initially in use as a clearing-<lb />house for donated items, it was<lb />impossible to have the children<lb />visit the media center.<lb /><lb />The media staff was chal-<lb />lenged to find a way to bring<lb />the media center to the class-<lb />toom. They fashioned a large<lb />cardboard box to resemble a<lb />miniature bookmobile. Each<lb />day the bookmobile was filled<lb />with storybooks for storytime,<lb />craft supplies for extension ac-<lb />tivities, and a generous collec-<lb />tion of reading material for stu-<lb />dent selection. The media cen-<lb />ter staff traveled from classroom<lb />to classroom for the regularly<lb />scheduled olibrary� time. After<lb /><lb />Photo courtesy Gary Weathersbee.<lb /><lb />North Carolina Libraries<lb /><lb />Fall 2000 " 69<lb /></p>
        <pb facs="00027371_0024" />
        <p>the story and activity, each student was<lb />allowed to select a book from the book-<lb />mobile. The bookmobile was a welcome<lb />sight for both students and teachers.<lb /><lb />In the meantime, the media staff was<lb />busy cataloging thousands of donated<lb />books. Thanks to the generosity of the<lb />local cable television company, the<lb />Princeville media center received a new<lb />Pentium computer appropriate for use as<lb />a circulation station. The media automa-<lb />tion program was quickly installed. Since<lb />electronic records were not available for<lb />the donated titles, it was necessary to seek<lb />cataloging information from several<lb />sources. Books that contained cataloging-<lb />in-publication data were addressed first. A<lb />lesson in original cataloguing from the<lb />media supervisor allowed the staff to be-<lb />gin this monumental task. Later, a multi-<lb />purpose MARC record database was pur-<lb />chased, which allowed this work to pro-<lb />ceed at a much faster pace. In addition,<lb />MARC record data was located through<lb />the use of SUNLINK, the Florida union<lb />catalog of school library holdings. Over<lb />3,500 books were cataloged using these<lb />methods.<lb /><lb />In late February, the principal sus-<lb />pended library classes for one week so that<lb />the media staff could finish the task of<lb />cataloging, labeling, and shelving the col-<lb />lection. Thanks to the efforts of parent<lb />volunteers, the media center collection<lb />was ready for circulation on March 1. Stu-<lb />dents, teachers, and parents were thrilled<lb />to have checkout available once again.<lb />The students of Princeville Montessori<lb />were delighted with their collection of new<lb />books. Donated books and flood replace-<lb />ment orders continued to arrive and were<lb />incorporated in the collection as quickly<lb />as possible. By the end of April 2000, the<lb />number of volumes in the collection<lb />topped 4000. Unfortunately, students will<lb />not have access to electronic information<lb />resources on a school local area network<lb />until a new facility is complete.<lb /><lb />The school media coordinators have<lb />learned much from these experiences,<lb />and the learning process will undoubt-<lb />edly continue until we succeed in estab-<lb />lishing new, fully-functioning media<lb />centers. The first and most important<lb />lesson is that we must be ever vigilant<lb />and alert to the possibility of disaster<lb />striking, whether from water, fire, wind,<lb />or other destructive forces. While it is<lb />impossible to prepare a contingency<lb />plan for every conceivable calamity, a<lb />plan should be in place that outlines the<lb />steps to be followed in reestablishing<lb />media services in our schools following<lb />substantial losses.<lb /><lb />First and foremost, the development<lb /><lb />66 " Fall 2000<lb /><lb />of this plan should emphasize the require-<lb />ment to take a long, hard look at what<lb />needs to be accomplished before any ac-<lb />tion is taken. Decisions made precipi-<lb />tously can cause additional problems in<lb />the future. The rebuilding and restocking<lb />plan that is developed must be guided by<lb />current instructional priorities and not<lb />based on ideas or instructional practices<lb />that were prevalent years earlier. Deci-<lb />sions to order or purchase new equip-<lb />ment and materials must be based on the<lb />current and anticipated new environ-<lb />ment or facility, the situation, available<lb />space, and the personnel. In essence,<lb />three plans must be developed " short-<lb />term for immediate needs to begin in-<lb />struction, mid-term for resources while<lb />still within the temporary campus, and<lb />long-term for total collection replacement<lb />in the development of a permanent facil-<lb />ity. It is vital that the media coordinator,<lb />the media supervisor, or someone experi-<lb />enced and skilled in media services and<lb />operations is closely involved in the or-<lb />dering of materials and equipment. As a<lb />result of orders placed by central office<lb />personnel who lacked knowledge of auto-<lb />mation systems and current media center<lb />procedures and practices, many hours<lb />had to be spent communicating changes<lb />to vendors on barcode symbology and<lb />number sequences.<lb /><lb />Our experience has taught us that<lb />media coordinators must develop and<lb />maintain separate inventories of all ma-<lb />terials and equipment without reliance<lb />on the school system fixed asset inven-<lb />tory list. Everything owned by the media<lb />center should be entered into the elec-<lb />tronic catalog, and both digital and print<lb />records must be kept in the school build-<lb />ing and off site, as well. In addition, the<lb />electronic record for each item must have<lb />a purchase price listed. The automation<lb />systemTs collection value tool affixes an<lb />average price to all materials that do not<lb />have a price listed in the record; however,<lb />this average price is usually outdated, con-<lb />sidering the current costs of materials and<lb />equipment.<lb /><lb />The last major lesson that we<lb />learned is that we, as media personnel,<lb />must communicate well with all of our<lb />communities " teachers, administra-<lb />tors, parents, potential donors, and ven-<lb />dors. Specific needs should be listed on<lb />the school system Web site, and people<lb />who desire to make donations should be<lb />encouraged to call to discuss the situa-<lb />tion with school and system level per-<lb />sonnel. We should not be meek or reti-<lb />cent in requesting replacements from<lb />vendors, particularly in the area of digi-<lb />tal media or computer applications. In<lb /><lb />most cases, we purchase the rights to<lb />content and actual applications rather<lb />than the physical media. Do not hesitate<lb />to request retrospective conversion ma-<lb />terial or other data from the vendorTs<lb />archives, if needed and still available. In<lb />our case, this proved very helpful in de-<lb />termining collection value after one<lb />media coordinator inadvertently left a<lb />briefcase with the collection data disks<lb />in the media center in her haste to leave.<lb /><lb />What will the future bring to the two<lb />flooded school media centers in Edge-<lb />combe County? Both Pattillo A+ Elemen-<lb />tary School and Princeville Montessori<lb />School will enjoy newly-constructed fa-<lb />cilities featuring spacious, well-ap-<lb />pointed media centers with up-to-date<lb />materials and equipment. The media co-<lb />ordinators will feel confident that their<lb />input into the planning and design pro-<lb />cess was accurately based on current me-<lb />dia program requirements and practices,<lb />solid collection development needs, and<lb />well-documented student and faculty<lb />usage patterns. Audiovisual equipment,<lb />computers and peripherals, and media<lb />center materials in all formats will be<lb />new and current, obviating the need for<lb />large expenditures to update books and<lb />equipment for a number of years. Com-<lb />puter platforms will be standardized,<lb />eliminating a problem that has plagued<lb />both schools in the recent past. Students<lb />will have access to a wide variety of ma-<lb />terials, in both print and electronic for-<lb />mats, to satisfy their information needs<lb />and leisure reading pursuits, and teach-<lb />ers will have access to contemporary in-<lb />structional and supplementary materials<lb />to use in the curriculum.<lb /><lb />Most important, however, is that the<lb />joy of teaching and learning in a brand-<lb />new, well-stocked facility be weighed<lb />against the human factor " the toll that<lb />this disaster had on the students, school<lb />personnel, their families, and members of<lb />the community. While the education of<lb />our students will continue unimpeded,<lb />the memory of this disaster will linger for<lb />a long time. :<lb /><lb />Just as the water seeped up from the<lb />earth, so we had to rebuild our media pro-<lb />grams from the bottom up. Nevertheless,<lb />we believe that we were successful in our<lb />rebuilding efforts because we kept the<lb />needs of students, teachers, and the cur-<lb />riculum uppermost in mind. It is hoped<lb />that the collaboration that evolved be-<lb />tween media coordinators and teachers<lb />will continue so that wise decisions will<lb />continue to be made to acquire the very<lb />best in instructional and media center<lb />materials for our students, our primary<lb />clients.<lb /><lb />North Carolina Libraries<lb /></p>
        <pb facs="00027371_0025" />
        <p>
          <lb />
          <lb />One Public Library's Response<lb /><lb />to the Storm of the Century<lb /><lb />n September 15, 1999, Hurri-<lb /><lb />cane Floyd dropped more<lb /><lb />than 15 inches of rain on Pitt<lb /><lb />County in less than 24 hours.<lb /><lb />This followed more than ten<lb /><lb />inches of rain received from<lb /><lb />Hurricane Dennis less than two<lb /><lb />weeks earlier. Thus, in less than 14 days,<lb /><lb />Pitt County and the City of Greenville<lb /><lb />received more than half its annual rain-<lb /><lb />fall. This massive amount of rain in east-<lb /><lb />ern North Carolina produced floods of<lb /><lb />the Tar River that exceeded the 100 year<lb /><lb />flood plain and, in many cases, went<lb /><lb />beyond the 500 year flood plain. In re-<lb /><lb />ferring to 500 year flood damage, one<lb /><lb />resident noted, oThe last time some of<lb /><lb />these areas were flooded, the only<lb /><lb />people who were living here were the<lb />Tuscarora Indians.�<lb /><lb />The Tar River at Greenville finally<lb />crested at more than 29 1/2 feet, nearly<lb />17 feet above flood stage. The previous<lb />recorded high for the river was in 1919<lb />when the river crested at 24 feet. Of<lb />course, in 1919 many fewer people lived<lb />in areas that had since become inhab-<lb />ited, so the personal devastation caused<lb />by the flooding from Floyd was much<lb />more extensive.<lb /><lb />The results of Hurricane Floyd and<lb />the floods that followed have been well<lb />documented in the media, and it is not<lb />my purpose to repeat those stories here.<lb />I would like, however, to describe how<lb />one library coped with the damage to<lb />our area and our patrons, how we tried<lb />to operate during the storm and the<lb />floods that followed, and how we all<lb />continue to recover even as I write.<lb /><lb />Sheppard Memorial Library is the<lb />public library that serves Greenville and<lb />Pitt County. The system is composed of<lb />a main library, four branches, and a<lb /><lb />North Carolina Libraries<lb /><lb />by Willie Nelms<lb /><lb />bookmobile. There is a full-time equiva-<lb />lency of 31 staff members. The full-time<lb />staff is composed of 19 people with an<lb />average tenure of more than 10 years. I<lb />have been director of the library for the<lb />past 19 1/2 years. Thus, we have a stable,<lb />veteran staff that is committed to the<lb />community.<lb /><lb />On Tuesday, September 14, we fully<lb />recognized that Hurricane Floyd was<lb />going to hit us directly. Our staff began<lb />preparations by securing our facilities<lb />against potential wind damage, deter-<lb />mining how we would communicate<lb />during and after the storm, and identi-<lb />fying possible areas of flooding caused<lb />by the storm. Our preparations included<lb />moving equipment away from windows,<lb />banking sandbags against a basement<lb />door, and moving loose objects from the<lb />exterior of the building. Our concern<lb />about possible storm damage was in-<lb />creased because our main library and our<lb />largest branch buildings were both un-<lb />dergoing major expansions at the time.<lb />As part of the construction, the footings<lb />of the main library building were ex-<lb />posed to the elements. Extensive con-<lb />tacts with the building contractors as-<lb />sured us that they were deploying sump<lb />pumps to force water away from our<lb />main building. The expansion of our<lb />largest branch did not involve exposing<lb />the footings, so our main concerns were<lb />weatherproofing the above-grade por-<lb />tion of the building.<lb /><lb />As the storm arrived on Wednesday,<lb />September 15, we secured our locations,<lb />and closed at 5 p.m., four hours earlier<lb />than normal. The decision also was<lb />made to close on Thursday, September<lb />16, since the brunt of the storm was ex-<lb />pected to hit early on that morning. The<lb />early closing was also necessary because<lb /><lb />of the force and volume of rain that was<lb />falling. Staff was sent home with instruc-<lb />tions to call a designated library phone<lb />extension for a recorded message on<lb />when to return to work. This process had<lb />been used in previous bad weather situ-<lb />ations and proved once again be very<lb />useful. (It is possible for us to change the<lb />message on this line from remote loca-<lb />tions, so information can be conveyed<lb />quickly, and it much more efficient than<lb />trying to call staff individually.)<lb /><lb />The winds from the hurricane were<lb />less than anticipated, but the rains ex-<lb />ceeded our worst expectations. I came to<lb />the library on Wednesday night during<lb />a lull in the storm and discovered that<lb />our basement area childrenTs library (ap-<lb />proximately 4100 square feet) had two<lb />inches of water in it. The sump pump<lb />protecting that area had been overpow-<lb />ered. Fortunately, we had banked sand-<lb />bags against the door where the water<lb />entered. Otherwise, the water damage<lb />would have been much greater.<lb /><lb />Likewise, the contractor-deployed<lb />sump pumps on the exterior of the<lb />building that protected the footings<lb />were overpowered, and it was necessary<lb />to bring in gas powered pumps to save<lb />the day. The lull in the storm on Septem-<lb />ber 15 lasted long enough for us to push<lb />the water back with the gas-powered<lb />pumps. We were also very lucky that the<lb />storm did not disrupt the power at this<lb />point, so electrical sump pumps could<lb />still be used. We were prepared for the<lb />potential loss of power, however. We<lb />planned to bring our bookmobile with<lb />its diesel-powered generator next to the<lb />building to provide power for the sump<lb />pumps should we lose electricity from<lb />our local utility company.<lb /><lb />If we had not pumped the water<lb /><lb />Fall 2000 " 67<lb /></p>
        <pb facs="00027371_0026" />
        <p>
          <lb />
          <lb />away from the building during this lull,<lb />the damage to our building would have<lb />been much greater. As it was, the storm<lb />produced approximately $50,000 dam-<lb />age to the main library, none of which<lb />was to the building footings. Main li-<lb />brary building damage included the<lb />flooded basement, ruined carpet, and<lb />damage to walls caused by leaks around<lb />chimneys. The other four buildings suf-<lb />fered only minor damage due to the<lb />storm, so we considered ourselves lucky.<lb /><lb />In describing this situation, it is im-<lb />portant to separate the two very distinct<lb />parts of the Floyd calamity. The hurri-<lb />cane, its winds and rain, were over for us<lb />by the end of Thursday, September 16.<lb />Much greater damage was to come to<lb />our community, however, as the Tar<lb />River began to rise. It forced hundreds of<lb />people from their homes, and the com-<lb />munity operated in a state of emergency<lb />for the next two weeks.<lb /><lb />On the morning of Friday, fq<lb />September 17, the library sys- |<lb />tem opened for business as<lb />usual. We quickly discovered<lb />that two full-time staff mem-<lb />bers had lost their homes be-<lb />cause of the rising river waters.<lb />One of these staff members was<lb />forced to escape to Bethel in<lb />the northern part of the<lb />county. She was not able to re-<lb />turn to work for ten days be-<lb />cause of the raging Tar River<lb />that divided the county. Roads<lb />flooded and transportation be-<lb />tween the northern and south-<lb />ern part of the county were<lb />nearly impossible, other than<lb />by helicopter or boat.<lb /><lb />As the staff gathered for<lb />work on Friday, we began de-<lb /><lb />ty<lb /><lb />68 " Fall 2000<lb /><lb />ploying individuals to provide books<lb />and programs to the Red Cross shelters<lb />that had opened to help displaced citi-<lb />zens. In the immediate aftermath of the<lb />storm, we knew that many of our pa-<lb />trons would not be coming to the li-<lb />brary, so we prepared to answer ques-<lb />tions for patrons who called us for refer-<lb />ence assistance regarding disaster infor-<lb />mation. Much of this was information-<lb />referral. Typical information provided<lb />included the local disaster relief agency<lb />phone numbers and information on<lb />how to deal with water-damaged busi-<lb />ness and personal papers.<lb /><lb />We also saw our mission as serving<lb />as a safe haven where people who were<lb />displaced might come for refuge. During<lb />the days that followed, we continued to<lb />fill this mission. Some of our staff mem-<lb />bers worked in the Emergency Opera-<lb />tions Center for the City of Greenville.<lb />Here they used their public service skills,<lb /><lb />talking with people who called to ask for<lb />assistance. Many of these people were<lb />facing the rising river water and called<lb />for help in evacuation.<lb /><lb />Some staff members carried books<lb />to migrant Hispanic families who stayed<lb />in shelters outside the normal Red Cross<lb />network. The childrenTs outreach staff<lb />also offered programs for these families.<lb />Other staff provided books to National<lb />Guard members who were assigned to<lb />our area during the disaster relief. As-<lb />signed to a strange location with noth-<lb />ing to do between shifts, many of them<lb />from as far away as Kentucky, they wel-<lb />comed the reading material we offered.<lb /><lb />As the days passed and we heard the<lb />regular drone of helicopters over the city<lb />ferrying people to safety, the library only<lb />missed two days of operation. The lost<lb />time was caused by an interruption in<lb />electrical power on Saturday, September<lb />18, and Sunday, September 19. Fortu-<lb /><lb />The intersection of 14th Street<lb />and Charles Street (Hwy 43) in<lb />Greenville was impassable for<lb />days, cutting off traffic to<lb />downtown Greenville, the ECU<lb />main campus, and the stadium/<lb />coliseum complex, just behind<lb />this warehouse. Bales of<lb />tobacco, garbage bags and<lb />other debris floated down the<lb />~pondT of both streets. Photo<lb />courtesy Gary Weathersbee.<lb /><lb />Next page: North Library Street<lb />in Greenville was part of a<lb />neighborhood that became not<lb /><lb />just near-the-river property "<lb />but part of the Tar River!<lb /><lb />Photo courtesy Edie Tibbits.<lb /><lb />North Carolina Libraries<lb /></p>
        <pb facs="00027371_0027" />
        <p>nately, power was restored by Monday,<lb />September 20, and we were able to re-<lb />sume operations.<lb /><lb />As might be imagined, walk-in traf-<lb />fic from regular patrons was very slow<lb />because people who were not directly<lb />damaged by the floods were helping<lb />with the rescue efforts. We still contin-<lb />ued to maintain our regular schedule of<lb />hours and tried to offer a sense of nor-<lb />malcy to the community. The local<lb />newspaper took notice of our efforts and<lb />encouraged local parents with bored,<lb />out-of-school children to send them to<lb />the library to read a good book or partici-<lb />pate in one of our programs.<lb /><lb />While the floods did not directly<lb />affect our buildings, and the storm pro-<lb />duced relatively minor damage, we soon<lb />realized that one of the greatest impacts<lb />of the floods on us would be the books<lb />that were in the hands of our patrons<lb />who lost their homes and possessions in<lb />the rising waters. In order to help pa-<lb />trons, we designated a oFlood Relief�<lb />phone line and asked patrons who had<lb />lost library material to contact us. We<lb />adapted our normal overdue procedures<lb />to designate our usual overdue notice as<lb />a oDisaster relief notice.� These letters<lb />simply asked patrons to contact us if<lb />they had losses due to the floods. Our<lb />initial estimates were that more than<lb />$11,000 worth of library material was<lb />lost in the floods. We are still assessing<lb />this final total, but we expect this origi-<lb />nal estimate to be fairly accurate.<lb /><lb />Our bookmobile service offered spe-<lb />cial problems of its own. One of our<lb />bookmobile staff members had lost her<lb />home and belongings in the flood. Like-<lb />wise, our bookmobile traveled to many<lb />mobile home parks and residential areas<lb />that were destroyed by the floods. We<lb /><lb />North Carolina Libraries<lb /><lb />tried to assess the possible number of<lb />bookmobile stops that would be lost in<lb />the flood but quickly realized that the<lb />flooding was so random that it was im-<lb />possible to get an accurate count of lost<lb />sites until the bookmobile was able to<lb />return to the road. We made a decision<lb />not to resume bookmobile service until<lb />the roads were deemed safe for school-<lb />buses to travel. When we finally re-<lb />sumed service about two weeks after the<lb />storm, we discovered that 6 of our 125<lb />bookmobile stops were totally destroyed.<lb />People no longer lived at these locations,<lb />and the floods had destroyed their<lb />homes. We are still in the process of<lb />discovering these olost� patrons, some of<lb />whom have left the county and the state.<lb /><lb />Three Federal Emergency Manage-<lb />ment Administration (FEMA) mobile<lb />sites were established as temporary quar-<lb />ters for flood victims. These sites house<lb />travel-trailer and full-size mobile homes.<lb />Our bookmobile began service to these<lb />sites, and the patrons seemed genuinely<lb />grateful for the service we provide. Ser-<lb />vice to the sites will continue as long as<lb />they are in operation.<lb /><lb />We are now in the recovery phase of<lb />this natural disaster, and life has returned<lb />to relative normalcy for our library sys-<lb />tem. Our building program continues and<lb />was only slightly delayed by the storm.<lb />We are still identifying patrons who lost<lb />material in the floods and will be for<lb />months to come.<lb /><lb />I am especially proud of our library<lb />staff for their hard work and dedication<lb />to service during the storm, the floods<lb />that followed, and the recovery that will<lb />continue well into the future. We were<lb />very fortunate that none of our build-<lb />ings were destroyed or damaged by the<lb />floods. Many other libraries in North<lb /><lb />Carolina were not as fortunate, and our<lb />sincerest condolences go out to them.<lb /><lb />Because we did not suffer massive<lb />damage to our facilities, we were able to<lb />stay in business and to adapt our nor-<lb />mal library services to the needs of the<lb />our community. Our staff used their<lb />opeople� skills, honed during normal<lb />times, to assist people affected by the<lb />storm. Local officials were grateful that<lb />we were available to offer assistance in a<lb />variety of ways.<lb /><lb />I am especially glad that we were<lb />able to serve as a haven for the commu-<lb />nity during this crisis. By operating in as<lb />normal a fashion as possible, we pro-<lb />vided a touchstone of normalcy for the<lb />community at a time of great need.<lb />When a disaster of any kind occurs,<lb />people need to know that the institu-<lb />tions in which they believe are still func-<lb />tioning. It gives them a sense of comfort<lb />at a time when all else around them may<lb />be falling apart.<lb /><lb />This effort drew on the skills of all<lb />our staff. It tested us as individuals and<lb />as an organization. In looking back at<lb />the experience, there is very little that I<lb />would do differently. Operating in such<lb />an environment is very much out of the<lb />ordinary and does not allow the luxury<lb />of reflection. During the crisis stage, ac-<lb />tions must be taken promptly and deci-<lb />sions made quickly. The people in<lb />charge of operations must be willing and<lb />able to make these decisions. I believe<lb />that we made the best decisions based<lb />on the information we had at the time.<lb /><lb />It was not an experience that I ever<lb />hope to encounter again, but I think we<lb />will be prepared in case such storms<lb />strike in the future. I am also glad that<lb />we were able to help out in our commu-<lb />nity in this time of great need.<lb /><lb />Fall 2000 " 69<lb /></p>
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          <lb />Disaster Resources on the Web<lb /><lb />by Robert James<lb /><lb />opes Internet provides access to a wealth of information regarding disaster preparedness and the<lb />recovery of damaged materials for library collections. The URLs below are a selection of high<lb />quality resources from respected preservation organizations. Investing time in disaster planning and<lb />training may reduce the expenses of restoration and replacement of valuable library assets. The<lb />information on these Web sites is extremely beneficial. Continue your education in preservation<lb />with further reading and attendance at workshops, conferences, institutes, internships, and academic<lb /><lb />programs. For more comprehensive bibliographies of online disaster resources and print titles, visit<lb />these Web sites:<lb /><lb />SOLINET Preservation Services<lb />Preservation Resources on the Internet: Disaster Preparedness and Recovery<lb />http://www.solinet.net/presvtn/leaf/disWeb .htm<lb /><lb />Conservation Online<lb />Disaster Preparedness and Response<lb />http://palimpsest.stanford.edu/bytopic/disasters/_<lb /><lb />Heritage Preservation<lb />National Task Force on Emergency Response<lb />http://www.heritagepreservation.org/PROGRAMS/TFC.HTM<lb /><lb />Tips for Quick and Easy Referral<lb /><lb />¢ Bookmark and organize these Web pages.<lb /><lb />e Print material that meets your institutional needs.<lb /><lb />¢ Store material in a safe place for use when electricity or Internet access is unavailable.<lb />¢ Keep additional print copies in your car and home.<lb /><lb />The resources described in this bibliography have been written by preservation and conservation<lb />professionals. Always consult with a professional conservator before attempting to repair or restore<lb />damaged items of intrinsic, monetary, or institutional value. Contact the American Institute for<lb />Conservation of Historic and Artistic Works for referral to a conservator in your area. The AIC<lb />national office phone number is (202) 452-9545 and their Web site is<lb />http://aic.stanford.edu/.<lb /><lb />Disaster Planning<lb />Northeast Document Conservation Center http://www.nedcc.org/plam3/tleaf33.htm<lb />This online technical leaflet is part of the oEmergency Management� section of Preservation of<lb />Library &amp; Archival Materials: A Manual. Now in its third edition, it is available on the Internet<lb />in English, Spanish and Russian http://www.nedcc.org/pubs.htm. An order form for the<lb />print version is also on the NEDCC Web site. The Northeast Document Conservation Center<lb />is the largest nonprofit, regional conservation center in the United States. Their facilities<lb />include laboratories for paper and book conservation, reprographic services, a field service<lb />office, and administration. The Disaster Planning leaflet includes sections on identifying and<lb /><lb />decreasing risks, cooperative efforts, locating resources, setting priorities, writing the plan,<lb />maintaining the plan, and suggested readings.<lb /><lb />7O " Fall 2000 North Carolina Libraries<lb /></p>
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        <p>RT ro rprememepsespemee enge oe oer eae<lb /><lb />Contents of a Disaster Plan<lb />SOLINET Preservation Services<lb />http://www.solinet.net/presvtn/leaf/displan.htm<lb />Produced by the Southeastern Library Network, this leaflet covers the crucial elements of a<lb />comprehensive disaster preparedness plan. SOLINET Preservation Services recommends that<lb />cultural institutions strive for a fully developed plan with sections on disaster prevention,<lb />reducing damages, immediate response activities, recovery procedures, and restoration of<lb />materials. However, SOLINET also approves of phased approaches to writing disaster plans.<lb />Sections for the institutionTs greatest concerns may be written first, with subsequent sections<lb />on other areas to follow. Information on SOLINETTs workshops, publications, leaflets, video<lb />loan service, microfilm program, and disaster services, which includes free telephone consul-<lb />tations, is available on their main Web page http://www.solinet.net/presvtn/preshome.htm.<lb /><lb />Sample Disaster Plans<lb />Conservation Online<lb />http://palimpsest.stanford.edu/bytopic/disasters/plans/<lb />A project of the Preservation Department at Stanford University Libraries, Conservation Online<lb />(CoOL) is a full-text library of conservation and preservation information. Resources include<lb />material on copyright, mass deacidification, pest management, environmental conditions,<lb />digital imaging, and many other preservation issues. The section on oSample Disaster Plans�<lb />provides links to libraries that have made their manuals available on the Internet. Institutions<lb />include the Library of Congress, the University of Florida, the Minnesota Historical Society,<lb />and the U.S. Naval War College Library. Select elements in plans that best match your libraryTs<lb />priorities. Aspire to achieve higher levels of preparedness with documentation for fund<lb />allocators. If you would like to add a link to your libraryTs disaster plan to the CoOL Web site,<lb />contact the Conservation Lab at Stanford University Libraries (e-mail consdist-<lb />request@lindy.stanford.edu).<lb /><lb />Emergency! If You're First<lb />American Institute for Conservation of Historic and Artistic Works<lb />http://aic.stanford.edu/disaster/emrgncy.html<lb />Being first on the scene of a collection disaster can be very intimidating. This resource aims to<lb />prepare us for strategic disaster-recovery thinking. Sections include initial coordination,<lb />priorities, designations, securing the site perimeter, establishing a communications network,<lb />informing insurance agencies, protection of artifacts, water salvage, and drying procedures.<lb />The American Institute for Conservation of Historic and Artistic Works (AIC) is a national<lb />membership organization of professional conservators. Other information on disaster recov-<lb />ery and selecting a conservator are available on their Web page http://aic.stanford.edu/.<lb />AIC reminds us that safety always comes first. We should not endanger ourselves or our staff<lb />in attempts to rescue damaged items.<lb /><lb />Emergency Response Action Steps<lb />Federal Emergency Management Agency<lb />http://www.fema.gov/r-n-r/ers_wl.htm<lb />FEMA's Emergency Response Action Steps is a script for the first 48 hours of disaster recovery.<lb />Contents on the Web site include disaster alerts, safety, off-site services, stabilizing the<lb />environment, documentation, retrieval and protection, damage assessment, salvage priorities,<lb />and tips for dealing with damage to historic buildings. There is a link to the Emergency Salvage<lb />Wheel http://www.fema.gov/r-n-r/ers_wl2.htm, with recovery recommendations for framed<lb />artworks, photographs, books and paper, electronic records, textiles, furniture, ceramics, stone<lb />and metal, organic materials, and natural history specimens. This resource was designed for<lb />archives, libraries, and museums by the National Task Force on Emergency Response, a public-<lb />private partnership sponsored by FEMA, Heritage Preservation, and the Getty Conservation<lb />Institute. Order forms for print copies of Emergency Response and Salvage Wheel are available<lb />on the Heritage Preservation Web site http://www.heritagepreservation.org/PUBS/<lb />WHEEL.HTM.<lb /><lb />Emergency Drying Procedures for Water Damaged Collections<lb />Library of CongressPreservation Directorate<lb />http://lcweb.loc.gov/preserv/emerg/dry.html<lb />The Library of Congress Preservation DirectorateTs Emergency Drying Procedures for Water<lb />Damaged Collections includes safety precautions for disaster response; air drying for books,<lb />maps, documents, posters and photographic material; and recovery recommendations for<lb />water damaged items with mold. LC also has an Emergency Preparedness Web page http://<lb />Icweb.loc.gov/preserv/prepare.html which outlines their disaster plan to protect our nationTs<lb /><lb />North Carolina Libraries Fall 2000 " 71<lb /><lb /></p>
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        <p>ic i<lb /><lb />72 " Fall 2000<lb /><lb />premier library collections. The Frequently Asked Questions Web page is also very informative<lb />http://Icweb.loc.gov/preserv/presfaq.html. LC answers such questions as oCan I save wet<lb />books?�; oWhat if my books are moldy?�; and oHow can I get rid of the smell of mildew in<lb />my books?�. This yearTs annual Preservation Awareness Workshop, sponsored by the Preser-<lb />vation Directorate, is scheduled for October 19, 2000. Information about the workshop is<lb />available online http://lcweb.loc.gov/preserv/aware.html.<lb /><lb />Emergency Salvage of Wet Books and Records<lb />Northeast Document Conservation Center<lb />http://www.nedcc.org/plam3/tleaf37.htm<lb />The NEDCC stresses that time is not on our side when books and records have been<lb />exposed to water. Rapid initial response, a detailed disaster plan, educated and well trained<lb />staff, support from management, effective communication, and fast, informed decisions<lb />are crucial. This technical leaflet covers air drying, dehumidification, freezer drying,<lb />thermaline or cryogenic drying, vacuum freeze drying, vacuum thermal drying, and air<lb />drying wet books and records. Field Service staff at NEDCC are available 24 hours a day for<lb />telephone disaster assistance. This free service is funded by a grant from the National<lb />Endowment for the Humanities. The NEDCC disaster assistance phone number is<lb /><lb />(978) 470-1010.<lb /><lb />Flood Recovery Booklet<lb />Iowa Conservation and Preservation Consortium<lb />http://www.neirls.org/flood_recovery/flood_cover.html<lb />The ICPC Flood Recovery Booklet was written for the citizens of Iowa following the devastat-<lb />ing flood of 1993. It offers advice on the recovery of personal collections damaged by flood<lb />waters and mold. Although intended for the general public, the information is equally<lb />applicable to library collections. Sections in the booklet discuss flood recovery for books,<lb />papers, records, blueprints, paintings, ceramics, glass, metal, wood, stone, textiles, micro-<lb />film, motion picture film, and computer disks.<lb /><lb />Managing a Mold Invasion: Guidelines for Disaster Response<lb />Conservation Center for Art and Historic Artifacts<lb />http://www.ccaha.org/technic.html<lb />This resource, available in English and Spanish and funded by the Claneil and William Penn<lb />Foundations, addresses health concerns, minor outbreaks and major blooms, first response<lb />steps, inactivation procedures, fungicides, cleaning and disinfecting methods, and preven-<lb />tion planning. CCAHA notes that keeping collection storage areas below 70% relative<lb />humidity will slow mold growth on material.<lb /><lb />Invasion of the Giant Mold Spore<lb />SOLINET Preservation Services<lb />http://www.solinet.net/presvtn/leaf/moldnew.htm<lb />Another excellent resource about combating mold in libraries, this preservation leaflet is<lb />an updated version of Sandra NybergTs 1987 work. At the time of writing, Ms. Nyberg was a<lb />Preservation Field Service Officer with SOLINET. The leaflet covers the nature of mold;<lb />what mold does to books, paper, and people; and preventing and removing mold growths.<lb />It also contains a comprehensive bibliography.<lb /><lb />Emergency Salvage of Moldy Books and Paper<lb />Northeast Document Conservation Center<lb />http://www.nedcc.org/plam3/tleaf39.htm<lb />This technical leaflet, written by Beth Lindblom Patkus, offers step-by-step instructions for<lb />cleaning minor and major mold outbreaks. The NEDCC recommends consulting with a<lb />mycologist and outsourcing the removal of active (wet and fuzzy) mold due to the poten-<lb />tial health risks. This site includes a list of vendors for purchasing supplies and contracting<lb />services.<lb /><lb />North Carolina Preservation Consortium<lb />http://www.slis.nccu.edu/ncpc/<lb />The North Carolina Preservation Consortium is a cooperative, nonprofit organization<lb />founded to provide leadership and coordination in preserving our stateTs educational,<lb />historical, and cultural collections. Its membership includes public libraries, private and<lb />state academic libraries, government, corporate and cultural archives, and other collection<lb />institutions. NCPC provides affordable disaster preparedness and recovery presentations<lb />and workshops. Visit the NCPC Web site for contact information.<lb /><lb />North Carolina Libraries<lb /><lb /></p>
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          <lb />*Lagniappe (lan-yapT, lanT yapT) n. An extra or unexpected gift or benefit. [Louisiana French]<lb /><lb />compiled by Plummer Alston Jones, Jr.<lb /><lb />Flood of the Century<lb /><lb />he immediate days and weeks<lb /><lb />following the descent of<lb /><lb />Hurricane Dennis, followed<lb />closely by Floyd, brought a series of<lb />difficult and traumatic experiences<lb />that many eastern North Carolinians<lb />will remember for a long time. The<lb />East Carolina University campus closed<lb />at 2 p.m. on Wednesday, September<lb />15, 1999, and did not reopen until<lb />September 27 for faculty and staff and<lb />two days later for students. Both of the<lb />local television stations offered<lb />continual flood coverage, video clips,<lb />and interviews. Families lost homes<lb />and livelihoods, and 52 people lost<lb />their lives.<lb /><lb />On September 28, Dr. Carroll<lb />Varner, Director of Joyner Library,<lb />suggested assembling a collection of<lb />flood-related materials. Documenta-<lb />tion efforts have resulted in the Flood<lb />of the Century Collection. The<lb />collection has been made possible<lb />through a variety of technological<lb />advances, including e-mail, Web pages,<lb />the Internet, digital cameras,<lb />camcorders, and the like. There have<lb />been over 100 Web pages on the<lb />Internet about the effects of Floyd. The<lb />Library has a flood page http://<lb />www.lib.ecu.edu/SpclColl/<lb />special.htm| with photographs from<lb />the collection, a chronology, statistics,<lb />and links. Federal, state, and local<lb />agencies banded together to speed<lb />recovery, and these activities need to<lb />be documented also.<lb /><lb />Currently, the collection has over<lb />60 donations of a variety of types of<lb />materials. There are many color<lb />photographs " everything from the<lb />bandshell on the town common<lb /><lb />North Carolina Libraries<lb /><lb />by Mary Boccaccio<lb /><lb />underwater to flooded student apart-<lb />ments on the edge of campus to<lb />photos of the Missouri Baptist Conven-<lb />tion Disaster Group setting up cooking<lb />tents in the parking lot of Memorial<lb />Baptist Church to provide meals for<lb />victims and relief workers. Pieces of<lb />the collection are starting to come<lb />together now, like a jigsaw puzzle.<lb />Accompanying the photos of the MBC<lb />Disaster Group is an oral interview<lb />with the groupTs leader after four weeks<lb />on site, just before they packed up to<lb />leave. The Blue Cap (group leader)<lb />discusses the groupTs organization,<lb />daily activities, and interfaces with<lb />local and national groups. Now the<lb />pictures have a voice.<lb /><lb />The Library used the campus e-<lb />mail network to announce the project,<lb />and staff and faculty from many<lb />departments responded with sugges-<lb />tions. One suggestion in particular<lb />surprised me. Education, Sociology,<lb />and Psychology faculty all suggested<lb />interviewing children, who frequently<lb />are left out. They were right. Children<lb />historically are not well documented<lb />in manuscript collections and this was<lb />a chance for an additional perspective.<lb /><lb />One local fifth grade teacher called<lb />and asked if we were interested in the<lb /><lb />essays her class was writing. Of course<lb />we were. The youngsters worked on<lb />the essays for several months. Sarah<lb />Mitchelson and I brought them to the<lb />Library to present their essays to the<lb />Associate Director and for refresh-<lb />ments. We invited the local television<lb />stations and press so it became an<lb />event for them. They were on the local<lb />news the morning paper printed<lb />pictures of them reading their essays.<lb />Subsequently the essays were loaded<lb />on the FEMA for Kids Web page http:/<lb />/www.fema.gov/Kids/k2k.htm. They<lb />have been used by AP and UPI, and<lb />have been in the oWinners� section of<lb />the Southeastern edition of the Wall<lb />Street Journal.<lb /><lb />Recently, we acquired a video from<lb />a young man in Pitt County who took<lb />a camcorder in a boat in that area on<lb />three separate occasions. We still have<lb />material coming in. People send<lb />printed materials. I have a long list of<lb />people involved in the flood in one<lb />way or another who have agreed to do<lb />an interview. Buyouts are still continu-<lb />ing, and recovery and repairs will go<lb />on for quite a while. There was a<lb />conference about the flood and<lb />environmental disasters,<lb />oRecovery in the Coastal Plain,�<lb />sponsored by the Geography<lb />Department at East Carolina<lb />University. People from a<lb />variety of fields participated.<lb />Each field has its own type of<lb />recovery work to perform. For<lb />our Flood of the Century<lb />Collection there are many more<lb />interviews to get, and more<lb />photographs, videos, and written<lb />information to find and preserve.<lb /><lb />Fall 2000 " 77<lb /></p>
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          <lb />ired to the<lb /><lb />orld<lb /><lb />by Ralph Lee Scott<lb /><lb />Hurricane Web Sites<lb /><lb />Emergency Management Administration and the Na-<lb /><lb />tional Hurricane Center Web sites. In this column, we<lb />will explore current hurricane Web sites. During active<lb />storms, some of these regular sites can be slow, so I will sug-<lb />gest alternative sites that often are easier to access and have<lb />much the same information.<lb /><lb />A quick source of current weather information for the<lb />United States is Unisys Weather www.weather.unisys.com,<lb />a large Web site maintained by the Unisys Corporation.<lb />Click on the left hand bar reading oHurricane Data� to ac-<lb />cess an archives page from which you can select the Atlan-<lb />tic 2000 season storms. Each storm is listed, along with a<lb />tracking map and detailed storm data: type (Latitude,<lb />Long., Date, Time, Wind Speed, Pressure, Status {TS, Hurri-<lb />cane 1-5}).<lb /><lb />Another big weather Web site is Ohio State UniversityTs<lb />Buckeye Weather or OSU Weather asp1.sbs.ohio-state.edu.<lb />This site has a oTropical Weather� link to re-broadcasts of<lb />the following National Hurricane Center products: Tropical<lb />Weather Outlook, Tropical Weather Discussion, NCEP<lb />Tropical Desk, Monthly Tropical Weather Summary, Satel-<lb />lite Imagery, Aircraft Reconnaissance Information, Prior<lb />Season Summaries, and Current Weather Surface Plots.<lb />Buckeye Weather, while a good source of information, is oc-<lb />casionally down due to funding or hacker attack, some-<lb />times slow to post bulletins, and hard to log on to when<lb />there is a major United States landfall hurricane. When this<lb />happens, move to a similar site in Hawaii.<lb /><lb />The University of Hawaii Department of Meteorology<lb />lumahai.soest.hawaii.edu has a sort of mirror site for<lb />oMainland Weather� and oTropical Weather.� Hawaii has of<lb />course, more information on Pacific Typhoons (from the<lb />Joint Typhoon Warning Center), but also features a Web<lb />page on the Atlantic Ocean that has the latest GEOS-8 Satel-<lb />lite Imagery and re-broadcasts of the National Hurricane<lb />Center Bulletins for the North Atlantic, Caribbean, and<lb />Gulf of Mexico. Often when mainland United States sites<lb />are slow, Hawaii responds quickly.<lb /><lb />If there is a major East Coast storm, the National<lb />Weather Service Office in Corpus Christi, Texas, has an ex-<lb />cellent Web site www.srh.noaa.gov/crp/tropical. I like the<lb />site because the most needed information is on one page<lb /><lb />I n last fallTs Wired column, you read about the Federal<lb /><lb />74 " Fall 2000<lb /><lb />and the navigation bars on the left take you right where<lb />you want to go. For example, there are bar links to Coastal<lb />Observations, Tropical Outlook, Atlantic IR, Gulf Water Va-<lb />por, Sector Dvorak IR.<lb /><lb />Texas also has the excellent KHOU-TV Web site:<lb />www.khou.com. This site is updated by the former Direc-<lb />tor of the National Hurricane Center, Dr. Neil Frank, and<lb />has a great graphic presence. Storm text advisories and posi-<lb />tion maps are hyperlinked with other hurricane resources as<lb />graphic links on the opening page. There is also a<lb />oGalveston Beachcam� for real time Gulf weather viewing.<lb />This site is a good one to go to when there is an East Coast<lb />hurricane, especially with the up-to-date commentary from<lb />Dr. Frank. Texas storms tend to slow the site down, so you<lb />might want to look elsewhere in the event of Gulf of<lb />Mexico disturbances.<lb /><lb />The National Hurricane Center site was reviewed by<lb />Wired in the Fall 1999 issue of North Carolina Libraries;<lb />however, the site has been updated since then. The Center<lb />has made some improvements in arrangement and added a<lb />couple of graphics to the main page. I find the site some-<lb />what clunky to use, however, and hard to understand. The<lb />information is not presented in the same clear graphic<lb />manner as the KHOU site. When you can get to the site, it<lb />loads fast but access is a major problem, especially when<lb />Coral Gables, the site location, is under a storm warning.<lb />The site is mirrored automatically, but access is difficult<lb />during active storms.<lb /><lb />Another good Florida site is Hurricane Central 4<lb />www.sun-sentinel.com/storm. This site has a lots of good<lb />news releases and current information. For example, a cur-<lb />rent article is oHurricane Shelter for Pets: A Doggone Di-<lb />lemma.� The article deals with evacuation issues in densely<lb />populated areas where companion animals are common.<lb />The current solution is large outdoor evacuation areas (like<lb />fairgrounds) located outside coastal zones that can accom-<lb />modate animals and their owners. While this site obviously<lb />has a Florida focus, it has good graphics and is very up to<lb />date.<lb /><lb />The Naval Meteorology and Oceanography Center at<lb />U.S. Naval Base Norfolk www.nlmoc.navy.mil and its new<lb />mirror site www4.nlmoc.navy.mil have a oTropical Cy-<lb />clone� link, which includes Hurricane Warnings and Ar-<lb /><lb />North Carolina Libraries<lb /><lb /></p>
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        <p>chives, Current Tropical Discussions<lb />and Analysis, Forecasting Aids, Storm<lb />Track Data, along with current condi-<lb />tions. The Norfolk Sortie Conditions<lb />are of major interest. When the Atlan-<lb />tic Fleet sorties because of a storm, you<lb />know it must be time to batten down<lb />the North Carolina hatches!<lb /><lb />Closer to home, the Emergency<lb />Management Division of the North<lb />Carolina Department of Crime Control<lb />and Public Safety has an excellent Web<lb />site: www.dem.dcc.state.nc.us. Cur-<lb />rent weather bulletins are posted, along<lb />with storm response situation reports.<lb />This site is updated regularly and seems<lb />to be accessible during needed times.<lb />WRAL www.wral-tv.com/weather has<lb />good links to hurricane information<lb />and their main NC Hurricane Web site<lb />Stormtrack 2000. Other media in the<lb />state also have hurricane information<lb />pages, for example WECT in<lb />Wilmington http://www.wect.com/.<lb /><lb />North Carolina also has a Web<lb />page www.ncstormsurge.com with<lb />basic information about projected<lb />storm surges in specific counties. This<lb />project is run in part by the U.S. Army<lb />Corp of Engineers, Wilmington Dis-<lb />trict. This year FEMA has a new Tropi-<lb />cal Storm Watch Page (which was also<lb />reviewed in the Fall 1999 North Caro-<lb />lina Libraries issue) at www.fema.gov/<lb />fema/trop.htm. This site has the usual<lb />links to current storm data and current<lb />interest articles (example: oNow is<lb />Good Time to Buy Flood Insurance<lb />FEMA Says�).<lb /><lb />For a comprehensive hurricane<lb />technical weather page link, I recom-<lb />mend the Hurricane Hunters Web site<lb />www.hurricanehunters.com. A new,<lb />commercial weather site is The Weather<lb />Guys at www.weatherguys.com. This<lb />site is free and allows you to sign up for<lb />an e-mail subscription to text NOAA<lb />weather bulletins.<lb /><lb />ABOUT THE AUTHORS ...<lb /><lb />Mary Boccaccio<lb />Education: B.A., Albion College; M.A., University of Pennsylvania; M.L.S., Wayne<lb />State University<lb />Position: Curator of Manuscripts, Joyner Library East Carolina University<lb /><lb />Angela Egerton<lb />Education: A.A., Peace College; B.S., East Carolina University; M.A., Campbell<lb />University; M.S.L.S., East Carolina University<lb />Position: Media Coordinator, Pattillo A+ Elementary School, Tarboro<lb /><lb />Ron Haislip<lb />Education: B.A., UNC-Charlotte; MLIS, UNC-Greensboro<lb /><lb />Position: Assistant Librarian, The Charlotte Observer<lb /><lb />Pamela Hackbart-Dean<lb />Education: B.A., Hendrix College; M.A., University of Connecticut<lb />Position: Archivist, Southern Labor Archives, Georgia State University<lb /><lb />Robert James<lb />Education: B.S., University of Florida; M.L.S., North Carolina Central University<lb />Position: Director of Library Services, Wake Technical Community College;<lb />President, North Carolina Preservation Consortium<lb /><lb />Ellen Kendall<lb />Education: B.A. in Education, University of Maryland; M.E.D., Penn State<lb />University<lb /><lb />Position: Media Coordinator, Princeville Montessori School, Princeville<lb /><lb />Willie Nelms<lb />Education: B.A., Old Dominion University; M.A., University of Kentucky;<lb />M.S.L.S, University of Kentucky<lb />Position: Director of Libraries, Sheppard Memorial Library, Greenville<lb /><lb />Rhea Resnik<lb />Education: B.A., State University of New York at Albany; M.S.L.S., East Carolina<lb />University; M.A.E.D., East Carolina University<lb />Position: Director of Media and Technology, Edgecombe County Schools<lb /><lb />Elizabeth H. Smith<lb />Education: B.S., East Carolina University; M.A .Ed., East Carolina University;<lb />M.S .L.S., UNC-Chapel Hill<lb />Position: Professor, Academic Library Services Head, Preservation and<lb />Conservation, Joyner Library, East Carolina University.<lb /><lb />858 Manor Street<lb />Lancaster, PA 17603<lb /><lb />CURRENT EDITIONS, INC.<lb /><lb />"Support North Carolina Libraries"<lb /><lb />WHOLESALERS<lb /><lb />TO LIBRARIES<lb /><lb />1-800-959-1672<lb />1-800-487-2278 (FAX)<lb /><lb />North Carolina Libraries<lb /><lb />Fall 2000 " 79<lb /></p>
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        <p>End-of-Range<lb /><lb />¢ Utilize valuable shelf<lb />end panel space!<lb /><lb />¢ Search right in the<lb />stacks!<lb /><lb />* Adjustable keyboard<lb />and monitor shelf.<lb /><lb />¢ Angled keyboard shelf<lb />for ease of use.<lb /><lb />* Integrated, lockable<lb />and vented CPU<lb /><lb />cabinet.<lb /><lb />¢ Grommets for efficient<lb />Wire management.<lb /><lb />¢ Five-year warranty!<lb /><lb />BRO Brodart Library Supplies &amp; Furnishings "<lb />100 North Road, PO Box 300 « Clinton County Industrial Park « McElhattan,PA 17748<lb /><lb />Toll Free Order Line: 1-888-820-4377 ¢ Fax Line: 1-800-283-6087; 1-570-769-5100<lb />Bids and Quotations Fax Line: 1-800-578-1064; 1-570-769-5101 « Internet: www.brodart.com<lb /><lb />76 " Fall 2000 North Carolina Libraries<lb /></p>
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        <p>____ NORTH CAROLINA i<lb /><lb />»<lb />y )<lb /><lb />Dorothy Hodder, Compiler<lb /><lb />his is an exciting time for the publication of southern Black history, with good,<lb />even excellent, historical studies about African Americans flowing from the<lb />presses. Many have been based on North Carolina, due in no small part to the<lb />excellence of the stateTs archival and manuscript resources. Sharon HoltTs<lb />contribution is a close examination of how emancipated Black families in<lb />Granville County pooled their resources to supplement and extend their field earnings.<lb />Previous studies have largely focused on farm tenures and menTs earnings; Holt shows<lb />that grandparents, children, and especially wives made significant contributions to<lb />household income. She has dug deeply into county records and cross-checked one type<lb />of evidence against another to produce rich and moving stories of Blacks freed after the<lb />Civil War, but given little with which to succeed. Her work complements Robert<lb />KenzerTs more ambitious Enterprising Southerners: Black Economic Success in North Caro-<lb />lina, 1865-1915 (Charlottesville: University Press of Virginia, 1997).<lb />Holt finds that once Black families obtained some land, typically one to six acres,<lb />they generally did not try to buy more land or equipment. She attributes this to<lb />cautionary real-life stories of those who over-extended them-<lb />selves and lost everything, as well as to fear of reprisals if Blacks<lb />were discovered to be doing better than White farmers. Her<lb />Sharon Ann Holt. greatest discovery, that Blacks often manipulated tenure and<lb />credit systems to their own advantage, has received widespread<lb /><lb />Making Freedom Pay: North attention due to her award-winning 1994 article in the Journal of<lb /><lb />Southern History. Although HoltTs research extends to 1900, she<lb /><lb />Ca r ol i na F r eedpeopl e Wor. ki. ng for does not fully explore the changes occurring in transportation,<lb />Th emse Iv es 1 8 6 5- 1 9 0 0 agriculture, and the tenure system over that time and what<lb /><lb />effect, if any, these changes had on Black families and their<lb /><lb />Athens: University of Georgia, 2000. 188 pp. $30.00. relationships with the dominant race.<lb /><lb />North Carolina Libraries<lb /><lb />ISBN 0-8203-2170-2. Holt attempts to generalize her findings beyond Granville<lb /><lb />County. The diligent student will not be misled by the geo-<lb /><lb />graphic scattering of some of her examples, a failing common<lb />enough, but those not familiar with North Carolina may think her arguments more<lb />buttressed by facts than they sometimes are. Her tendentious willingness to speculate<lb />on patterns and activities outside Granville County, especially in her discussions of<lb />schools and churches, would be more solidly grounded if she had paid greater attention<lb />to new secondary sources. HoltTs bibliography reflects only a few of the latest relevant<lb />publications; she seems to be unaware of Edward L. AyersTs magisterial synthesis The<lb />Promise of the New South: Life After Reconstruction and many other recent studies of<lb />African American life during the period. Most puzzling of all is that Holt ignored a<lb />more substantial study of Virginians that parallels her own work: Jeffrey R. Kerr-<lb />RitchieTs Freedpeople in the Tobacco South: Virginia, 1860-1900 (Chapel Hill: University of<lb />North Carolina Press, 1999). Kerr-Ritchie completed his doctorate in 1993 at the<lb />University of Pennsylvania, just two years after Holt accepted her doctorate at the same<lb />school, but does not cite her dissertation either.<lb /><lb />Index, bibliography, and endnotes are included; the book has no illustrations. The<lb />University of Georgia PressTs practice of using only the short title in the footnotes, even<lb />on first citation, forces the reader to continually flip to the brief bibliography. Most<lb />North Carolina libraries will want to have this book despite its shortcomings.<lb /><lb />" Patrick Valentine<lb />Wilson County Public Library<lb /><lb />Fall 2000 " 77<lb /></p>
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        <p>he shuttle and the plow, quintessential metaphors for textiles and farming,<lb />together evince the very essence of Alamance County. Shuttle &amp; Plow: A History<lb />of Alamance County, North Carolina, documents over three hundred years of<lb />North Carolina history, twice the age of Alamance County itself, which was<lb />carved from the western part of Orange County in 1849.<lb /><lb />Shuttle &amp; Plow is divided into two parts. Carole Watterson Troxler wrote eight<lb />chapters on oOld Allemance,� which takes the reader through the Civil War;<lb />William Murray Vincent wrote seven chapters on oRecovery and Renewal,� the<lb />modern-day period after the Civil War. A scholarTs dream, this county history<lb />includes notes, bibliography, appendices, index, and sixty illustrations, including<lb />black-and-white portraits of historic figures and photographs of historic homes and<lb />buildings, and county and township maps.<lb /><lb />Troxler and Vincent weave a seamless history. Troxler begins with a discussion<lb />of the trading paths created by the Siouan tribes that inhabited the area in the early<lb />1600s, and introduces the first white European settlers, attracted to land for sale by<lb />Lord Granville. She elucidates the interaction between the sympathizers with the<lb />Regulator Movement and the proud heirs of the<lb />Dissenting heritage from the British Isles, that culmi-<lb />nated in both groups supporting the Revolutionary War.<lb />Her narrative of the years before and during the Civil<lb />War and the fate of both free and enslaved African<lb /><lb />° ; Americans during this bloody period sets the stage for<lb />Shuttle &amp; Plow: A History of the second part of the history.<lb /><lb />Carole Watterson Troxler and William Murray Vincent.<lb /><lb />A lamance Coun ty, No rth Caro li. na. Vincent begins with Reconstruction and the growth<lb />f of the textile industry that was the salvation of<lb />[Graham, NC]: Alamance County Historical Association, Alamance County, and, indeed, of the South. He covers<lb />7519-C Lindley Mill Road, Graham, NC 27253, 1999. 541 pp. reforms in education, including the founding of Elon<lb />Cloth, $40.00 (includes tax, shipping, and handling). College, agriculture, medicine, and the electrical and<lb />No ISBN. gas utilities. His chapter on race relations, particularly<lb /><lb />desegregation and its eventual demise, is a fascinating<lb />reminder of how far we have come with regard to<lb />political and social reforms, but how far we have to go<lb />to reach true equality in civil rights.<lb /><lb />Troxler and Vincent show us the interaction between the inhabitants of<lb />Alamance County and the natural resources at their disposal, introducing many<lb />illustrious personages. Joseph Graham (1759-1836), a Revolutionary War patriot,<lb />was father of Governor William Alexander Graham (1804-1875), for whom the<lb />county seat was named. William Luther SpoonTs (1862-1942) survey maps of the<lb />county were indispensable in his planning and supervision of the creation of new<lb />roads in the early twentieth century. Sallie Walker StockardTs (1869-1962) 1900<lb />masterTs thesis at the University of North Carolina became the first book on<lb />Alamance County history. John Newlin (1776-1867) was a Piedmont Quaker, who<lb />was a long-term activist for the abolition of slavery. Archibald DeBow Murphey<lb />(1777-1832) is remembered for his proposals for internal improvements in North<lb />Carolina that would lead eventually to the development of a modern network of<lb />highways and to a statewide system of standardized public instruction. Giles<lb />Mebane (1809-1899), for whose family the town of Mebane was named, was a<lb />tireless promoter of railroads. Edwin Michael Holt (1807-1884), whose Alamance<lb />Cotton Factory was built in 1837, and James Spencer Love (1896-1962), founder of<lb />Burlington Mills in 1924, were leaders in the development and expansion of the _<lb />textile industry in Alamance County.<lb /><lb />Troxler, professor of history at Elon College and a past president of the Histori-<lb />cal Society of North Carolina, is the author of The Loyalist Experience in North<lb />Carolina (Raleigh: Department of Cultural Resources, 1976), and numerous article-<lb />length Revolutionary studies. Vincent, executive director of the Alamance County<lb />Historical Museum, has served on the Alamance County Historic Properties Com-<lb />mission and is president of the Historic Stagville Foundation of Durham.<lb /><lb />One of the finest county histories available, Shuttle &amp; Plow will undoubtedly set<lb />the standard for future county histories. It deserves a place in all North Carolina<lb />collections in school, public, and academic libraries. As the handsome dust jacket<lb />synopsis reveals, Alamance County is truly a microcosm of the American South.<lb /><lb />" Plummer Alston Jones, Jr.<lb />Catawba College<lb /><lb />78 " Fall 2000 North Carolina Libraries<lb /><lb /></p>
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        <p>etter writing is an art that has quietly faded from our lives. In Judy<lb />GoldmanTs first full-length work of fiction, The Slow Way Back, we see how<lb />touching a well-written letter can be and the mysteries it can unravel. The<lb />novel reveals to the reader, piece by piece, the mystery called oMother.�<lb />Mixing prose and epistolary writing, Goldman treats us to a look at a<lb />family broken but mending.<lb /><lb />Thea, a radio talk show host in Charlotte, is given letters that her grandmother<lb />wrote to TheaTs great aunt around the time of the marriage of TheaTs parents. Through<lb />these letters Thea hopes to gain a better understanding of her mother, who though<lb />loving and generous at times, was often withdrawn and a mystery to her daughter.<lb /><lb />The difficulty is that the letters are written in Yiddish, and Thea, having let her<lb />Jewish upbringing slip away from her, is unable to read them on her own. Through<lb /><lb />her quest for translations, the reader is introduced to her sister<lb />Mickey, her aunt Florence, and other family members who encour-<lb /><lb />Judy Goldman. age and discourage her quest. The varied personalities and indi-<lb />vidual motives of the family members are portrayed well. Judy<lb />Th e SI Ow Way Back: A N ovel : Goldman does a good job of showing TheaTs isolation from her<lb /><lb />New York: William Morrow, 1999. 274 pp. $24.00.<lb />ISBN 0-688-16598-2.<lb /><lb />roots, her relationships with various family members, and her<lb />struggle with her well-loved but misunderstood mother. It is a<lb />pleasure to read a book where letters and the art of letter writing is<lb />a focus.<lb /><lb />TheaTs desire to know more about her motherTs past is intrigu-<lb /><lb />ing and pulls the reader in, letter by letter. This makes the book read at a fast pace.<lb />This work would fit well into a public library, as it contains many threads to interest a<lb />variety of people.<lb /><lb />Other books by Judy Goldman are Holding Back Winter and Wanting to Know the<lb />End. Both are books of poetry.<lb /><lb />" Caroline Keizer<lb />University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill<lb /><lb />ira DeLand, Julie FlemingTs reluctant protagonist, is more than a little overwhelmed.<lb />After her fatherTs death, she discovers that she has inherited her childhood home,<lb />named Lila, under the condition that she must move it from Ona Island, North Caro-<lb />lina, to Mims, Arkansas, where the family now lives. On top of that, older brother<lb />Kearney insists that their much younger sister Kat must not be allowed to travel with<lb />Mira to North Carolina, because Kat might discover family secrets surrounding the<lb />home, and the reasons why the DeLands moved away several years before her birth.<lb />Despite all their efforts Kat insists on accompanying Mira on the journey across the South and into the<lb />past. The sisters are accompanied by house movers Ray, a married flatbed driver who Mira finds very<lb />attractive, and his assistant, Aron. Along the way they meet Felissa, a teenage runaway staging her own<lb /><lb />Julie Fleming.<lb /><lb />Moving Lila.<lb /><lb />New York: St. MartinTs Press, 2000.<lb />212 pp. $22.95. ISBN 0-312-24409-6.<lb /><lb />kidnapping, and Aron quickly includes her in the moving adventure. In a series<lb />of flashbacks we meet the sistersT parents, now both dead, and get some<lb />tantalizing hints about past transgressions and indiscretions.<lb /><lb />The sisters have a rough journey. The drive is long and monotonous, and the<lb />revelations about the past cause a split between them that is slow to heal. Mira<lb />is surprised to learn that Kat is aware of some of the supposedly well-buried<lb />family secrets, and wryly amused when Kat manages to worm out a few more,<lb />including their motherTs infidelity and MiraTs last visit to Lila during a personal<lb />crisis. Neither is prepared for her emotions when they learn the identity of the<lb />mysterious woman for whom the house was named. The drive home to Arkan-<lb />sas centers around the growing attraction between Ray and Mira and what that<lb />might mean when they return to their families; the deterioration and eventual<lb /><lb />rebuilding of the relationship between Mira and Kat; and MiraTs own journey of self-discovery.<lb /><lb />This interesting novel is full of ironic humor and has as many twists and turns as the road between<lb />Ona Island and Mims. The reader feels some distance from the characters even in their most intense<lb />moments, and FlemingTs minimalist style leaves the reader wishing for more emotional engagement<lb />with Mira, Kat, and the others. Thanks, however, to the compelling story line and picturesque descrip-<lb />tions, Fleming succeeds in telling her story, and leaves the reader wanting to know what happens next.<lb /><lb />Recommended for high school and public libraries.<lb /><lb />North Carolina Libraries<lb /><lb />"Joan Ferguson<lb />University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill<lb /><lb />Fall 2000 " 79<lb /></p>
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        <p>igging through the treasure trove of primary documents to create this slim volume<lb />must have been nearly as daunting a task as the process of draining Lake<lb />Mattamuskeet. It took the author eleven years to clean and sort the contents of five<lb />crates that had been stored in a barn for over half a century. The result is a pictorial<lb />review of a quixotic project that never quite attained its goal, but which stirred<lb />much interest, made a great deal of money for some investors, and, ultimately,<lb /><lb />proved the value of leaving natural resources intact.<lb /><lb />With its origins shrouded in mystery, Matttamuskeet, the stateTs largest natural lake, has<lb />been the target of entrepreneurs since colonial times. The rich, boggy lake bed attracted hopeful<lb /><lb />farmers the way its waters drew game and waterfowl. By an act of<lb />state legislature in 1909, the Mattamuskeet Drainage District was<lb /><lb />Lewis C. Forrest. established, and three separate reclamation projects followed " in<lb /><lb />1916, 1920, and 1926 " but only the latter could be deemed suc-<lb /><lb />Lake M attam uskeet: cessful. Using engineering techniques that originated in Holland,<lb />N ew H O II an d an d Hy d e C oun ty the location of the project was dubbed oNew Holland.� In the face<lb /><lb />of the Depression, spending money to pump water out of a lake to<lb /><lb />[ Images of America series]. grow crops that didnTt sell couldnTt be justified. The New Holland<lb /><lb />Corporation was dissolved and Lake Mattamuskeet became a wildlife<lb /><lb />Charleston, SC: Arcadia Publishing, 1999. refuge under the auspices of the Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC).<lb />128 pp. $18.99 + $3 s/h. ISBN 0738502715. Since 1989, a different kind of reclamation project has been under-<lb /><lb />way, as the citizens of Hyde County have sought to renovate the<lb />Mattamuskeet Lodge, listed in the National Register of Historic Places.<lb /><lb />Like a family album, the bookTs black and white photographs and their captions provide a<lb />glimpse of a specific segment of Hyde CountyTs past. Admirably succinct introductions to each<lb />chapter and the soft-cover format will appeal to the casual reader, and the carefully documented<lb />sources will please historians, but the lack of an index may aggravate researchers looking for<lb />quick answers. The book is most suited to an adult audience in public libraries.<lb /><lb />" Marie Spencer<lb />New Hanover County Public Library<lb /><lb />hough far from the major battlefields of the Civil War, western North Carolinians nonetheless<lb /><lb />fought a true ocivil� war"one that pitted neighbor against neighbor with as much physical and<lb /><lb />psychological violence as that found on any battlefield. While initially backing the Confederacy at<lb /><lb />the beginning of the war, western North CaroliniansT attitudes became less supportive as Confeder-<lb /><lb />ate army and government demands for men and materials grew. In 1863, the forced conscription of<lb />men from western North Carolina brought on a severe economic downturn for everyone remaining in the<lb />area. Left with only small, ineffective groups of ohome guards,� those too young or old to be in the regular<lb />army, the area was open to federal attacks from east Tennessee, the depredations of Confederate deserters<lb />using the mountains as hiding places, and the general lawlessness that pervaded the area at the time.<lb /><lb />Surveying Alleghany County south to Rutherford County and west to the counties that border Tennes-<lb /><lb />see, the authors of The Heart of Confederate Appalachia examine the sociological impact of the war on<lb /><lb />John C. Inscoe and Gordon B. McKinney.<lb /><lb />The Heart of Confederate<lb />Appalachia: Western North<lb /><lb />Carolina in the Civil War.<lb />Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina<lb />Press, 2000. 368 pp. $39.95.<lb /><lb />ISBN 0-8078-2544-1.<lb /><lb />western North Carolina by exploring a variety of topics including seces-<lb />sionist sentiments, mobilization, guerrilla warfare, economics, slavery, and<lb />the final military collapse of the region. Of special interest is their research<lb />into womenTs roles during the war. Not only were women thrust into<lb />leadership on family farms and small businesses, they were also frequently<lb />the targets of roving gangs of thugs and, in the most bitter battles of all, .<lb />the savage invectives of their neighbors. This latter fate was especially hard<lb />on women who espoused the UnionTs cause.<lb /><lb />Much of the research in the book comes from original documents and<lb />letters. It is both refreshing and saddening to hear the voices of those who<lb />endured the war years; there is a great poignancy in their pleas to the<lb />governments in Raleigh and Richmond for relief from their suffering.<lb /><lb />The authors have done an excellent job in covering a geographically<lb />large area. This outstanding work offers a new perspective on the civilian<lb />side of the war in North Carolina and should be purchased by all libraries<lb />interested in the Civil War, North Caroliniana, and the Appalachian area. It<lb /><lb />is suitable for high school as well as college level collections. The volume includes black-and-white maps<lb />and photographs, notes, and an extensive bibliography.<lb /><lb />80 " Fall 2000<lb /><lb />"John Welch<lb />State Library of North Carolina<lb /><lb />North Carolina Libraries<lb /><lb /></p>
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        <p>hich North Carolina counties get the most tornadoes? Which have the<lb />highest migration, average wages, number of international firms, ozone<lb />levels? And when youTre trying to answer questions about North Carolina,<lb />what are your preferences? Interesting text? Beautiful photographs? Statisti-<lb />cal tables? Colorful maps? Exciting graphs? All of these? HereTs your book.<lb />This is not a conventional atlas arranged by geography; rather, itTs an<lb />analytical atlas where every chapter has a theme: the natural environment, history,<lb />population, education, health, culture, economy, agriculture, mining, manufacturing,<lb />transportation and utilities, government and politics, crime, and tourism. Each chapter<lb />analyzes long-term trends, provides historical background and context, discusses current<lb />issues, and speculates on future trends and challenges. The text is enhanced with colorful<lb />photos, tables, maps, and graphs. Under oTransportation and Utilities,� for instance, maps<lb />show percent of vehicle registration increase by county, volume of traffic, bridge condi-<lb />tions, pavement conditions, highway improvements, and truck<lb />volume. Tables and figures present data on highways, urban<lb />public transit systems, and travel. Bibliographical references<lb /><lb />Douglas M. Orr, Jr., and Alfred W. Stuart, editors direct readers interested in more information and detailed<lb />oie : ~ ; statistics.<lb />The North Carolina Atlas: Another feature is a collection of short essays, some by<lb /><lb />Portrait for a<lb /><lb />well-known North Carolinians. Charles Kuralt remembers his<lb /><lb />New ag en tury. childhood in Dare County, William Friday discusses higher<lb />education, former governors Robert W. Scott and James Martin<lb /><lb />Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2000. write about politics, Tom Wicker talks about growing up in<lb />461 pp. $45.00. ISBN 0-8078-2507-7. Hamlet, and Doris Betts muses on the literary renaissance in<lb /><lb />North Carolina. Topics of other essays include aquaculture,<lb /><lb />banking, challenges of the new century, famous labor disputes,<lb /><lb />tobacco, urban terminology, and women in the workforce. In<lb /><lb />the final chapter, Orr and Stuart look at the future in relation<lb />to economic change, population change, the urban/rural balance, regionalism and plan-<lb />ning, sustainable development and osmart� growth, and new geographic divisions in the<lb />state. They conclude: oThe challenge of thinking and planning in this twenty-first century<lb />context will call for creative thinking within a whole new paradigm.�<lb /><lb />Douglas M. Orr, Jr., is president of Warren Wilson College in Asheville; Alfred W. Stuart<lb />is Professor of Geography at the University of North Carolina at Charlotte. Orr and Stuart<lb />also edited the 1975 publication, North Carolina Atlas: Portrait of a Southern State. Many of<lb />the contributors to the current atlas are from the Department of Geography and Earth<lb />Sciences, University of North Carolina at Charlotte. Other contributors are faculty mem-<lb />bers at various University of North Carolina campuses, as well as professors from Virginia<lb />and Florida.<lb /><lb />The goal of the editors of the North Carolina Atlas was to enhance our understanding<lb />of this changing state so that citizens and policy makers can approach the future in a more<lb />rational and informed manner. They have certainly achieved this goal, and this important<lb />work should be available in school, public, and special libraries in North Carolina.<lb /><lb />" Michael Van Fossen<lb />University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill<lb /><lb />¢ Over 21,000 Current &amp; Backlist Titles M ; MFORD<lb /><lb />¢ 19 Years of Service<lb /><lb />e oHands On� Selection<lb /><lb />¢ Pre-School Through Adult<lb />¢ Discounts up to 70% Off<lb /><lb />¢ Now Two Adjacent Warehouses<lb /><lb />¢ Sturdy Library Bindings<lb />© 100% Fill<lb /><lb />RELIABLE WHOLESALER SINCE 1977<lb /><lb />North Carolina Representative " Phil May<lb /><lb />oNothing like seeing<lb />for yourself.�<lb /><lb />¢ Cataloging/Processing Available<lb /><lb />MUMFORD LIBRARY BOOKS, SOUTHEAST, INC.<lb /><lb />(904) 737-2649<lb /><lb />North Carolina Libraries<lb /><lb />7847 Bayberry Road * Jacksonville, Florida 32256<lb />FAX: (904) 730-8913 1-800-367-3927<lb /><lb />Fall 2000 " 81<lb /></p>
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        <p>
          <lb />
          <lb />f you are not already convinced that North Carolina is the ogoodliest land,�<lb />you will be persuaded once you have read this book. Edited by Dirk<lb />Frankenberg, late professor in the Marine Science Program at UNC-Chapel Hill<lb />(he died shortly after completing this book), the guide begins at the coast of<lb />North Carolina and moves across the state, ending in the Southwest corner.<lb />According to the preface, the purpose of the book is oto present driving tours<lb />of some of the stateTs most attractive and interesting natural areas, identify learning<lb />experiences in each tour, and make the tours and experiences accessible to a wide<lb />general audience, from school children to adults.� The book succeeds admirably,<lb />describing the natural wealth and unique features of North Carolina in<lb />thirty-eight easily understood essays grouped into four sections (coast,<lb /><lb />Dirk Frankenberg, ed. coastal plain, Piedmont, and mountains).<lb /><lb />FrankenbergTs introduction serves as an overview of North CarolinaTs<lb /><lb />Explor ing North CarolinaTs geology, climate, plants, and animals. Each of the essays that follows<lb /><lb />provides a detailed driving tour " generally requiring a day or less to<lb /><lb />Natural Areas: complete " and identifies the specific ecological lesson to be learned<lb /><lb />therein. Each chapter includes a detailed map of the tour route with<lb /><lb />Parks yj Nature Preser ves, stops clearly marked, discussion of the geology and animal and plant life<lb /><lb />Chapel Hill and London: The University of<lb />North Carolina Press, 2000.<lb /><lb />of each area, and a description of the effects on the area of climate,<lb /><lb />an d H ! ki ng Tr al Is ~ weather events, and development by humans. The tour descriptions are<lb /><lb />frequently enhanced with historical information about the region. The<lb />authors include hiking and biking trails located along the tour routes,<lb /><lb />412 pp. $18.95 (paper). ISBN 0-8078-4851-4. and often identify overnight accommodations for the longer tours. They<lb /><lb />Communists on Campus:<lb /><lb />also include the phone numbers for park or forest offices where specific<lb />hours, events, and fees may be determined.<lb />Frankenberg, who has written several books on the marine life and<lb />coastal ecology of North Carolina, wrote nearly all of the chapters about<lb />tours of the coast. Leading naturalists in the state wrote the remaining chapters.<lb /><lb />The book is well organized and interestingly written. Chapters are liberally illus-<lb />trated with black-and-white photographs of features described in the text. Frankenberg<lb />has written a concluding section of oSuggestions for Further Reading,� which will be<lb />most helpful to those whose curiosity is piqued by the tours. An index is also provided.<lb />Because these essays were independently written and designed to stand alone, there is<lb />some repetition. For instance, the term opocosin� is defined in several chapters. This<lb />repetition, however, is necessary for those who may choose only specific tours.<lb /><lb />This excellent work detailing the rich natural diversity of North Carolina deserves a<lb />place in all public and academic libraries in the state. High school science teachers<lb />planning field trips will also find it most useful.<lb /><lb />"Joline R. Ezzell<lb />Duke University Library<lb /><lb />ar Heel readers will find high drama in our own back yard, mixed with<lb />meticulously documented history, in Communists on Campus: Race, Politics,<lb />and the Public University in Sixties North Carolina. Author William J.<lb />Billingsley focuses on the 1963 oSpeaker Ban� Law passed by the North<lb />Carolina General Assembly. Prominent characters in the cast include Jesse<lb />Helms, William Friday, Terry Sanford, Frank Porter Graham, George Wallace, J. Edgar<lb />Hoover, and Governor Dan Moore.<lb />Billingsley begins with the passing of House Bill<lb />1395, oAn Act to Regulate Visiting Speakers at State<lb />Supported Colleges and Universities,� on June 25, 1963.<lb />William J. Billingsley. The law made it illegal for any speaker to appear at a state-<lb />funded college in North Carolina if the speaker was oa<lb />known member of the Communist Party,� or oknown to<lb /><lb />R ace Po litics an d th e Pu b lic advocate the overthrow of the Constitution of the United<lb />7 7<lb /><lb />States or the State of North Carolina� or had opleaded the<lb /><lb />Un iversity i n S i xties No rth Ca ro lin a. Fifth Amendment of the Constitution of the United States<lb /><lb />in refusing to answer any question, with respect to<lb /><lb />Athens, GA: The University of Georgia Press, 1999. communist or subversive connections.�<lb /><lb />82 " Fall 2000<lb /><lb />336 pp. $ 29.95. ISBN 0-8203-2109-5. Obvious factors leading to the passage of the Speaker<lb /><lb />Ban include the Cuban Missile Crisis and the Bay of Pigs<lb />invasion, which had heightened awareness of Communist<lb /><lb />North Carolina Libraries<lb /></p>
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        <p>influences near the United States as well as within the country. The Joseph McCarthy hearings<lb />were recent events, and Civil Rights demonstrations were on the rise. Both Black and White<lb />activists were calling for immediate abolition of Jim Crow laws. In the context of all this turbu-<lb />lence, Billingsley portrays the Speaker Ban Law as a reactionary measure passed by conservatives to<lb />maintain the status quo in the social and political fabric of North Carolina.<lb /><lb />The Speaker Ban Law hit a major obstacle when the Southern Association of Colleges and<lb />Schools (SACS) threatened to deny accreditation to the University of North Carolina unless the law<lb />was altered. SACS required that university trustees have authority over speakers invited to cam-<lb />puses, rather than the government having that power by force of law. The law was ultimately<lb />judged as constitutionally flawed and repealed in 1968.<lb /><lb />This book includes extensive notes and bibliography, index, and an eight-page inset of<lb />illustrations. It is a very well thought-out work of scholarly research with a dramatic undertone,<lb />and would work well as a reading in college level North Carolina history classes. It is also appropri-<lb />ate for public library and university library collections on North Carolina history, as a resource for<lb />individuals wanting to learn the history of North CarolinaTs civil rights development.<lb /><lb />"John Zika<lb />Public Library of Charlotte and Mecklenburg County<lb /><lb />iamese Twins Chang and Eng have been a topic of fascination, fear, and suspicion since<lb />they were born in Siam (now Thailand) in 1811. They were born conjoined at their<lb />chests by a cartilaginous ligament. At first merely a curiosity in Siam, they were intro-<lb />duced to the rest of the world after they were odiscovered� by Robert Hunter, a Scottish<lb />merchant.<lb /><lb />Chang and Eng is StraussTs first novel. He writes about the lives of the worldTs most<lb />famous conjoined twins from EngTs perspective, in a fluid narrative that draws the reader into the<lb />story. StraussTs account includes not only major and minor events from the real twinsT lives but<lb />also many historical details that flesh out the novel very convincingly. It is interesting to note<lb />what Strauss leaves out of his fictionalized account, such as the fact that the twins had seven<lb /><lb />siblings, and that they were discovered by Robert Hunter, not Abel Coffin,<lb />the captain of the ship on which they traveled to Boston. These inconsis-<lb /><lb />Darin Strauss. tencies are merely a reminder that the book is a novel and not EngTs diary,<lb />which is often easy to forget!<lb /><lb />Chang and E ng: A Novel. Particularly enjoyable portions of Chang and Eng are set in Surry and<lb /><lb />New York: Dutton, 2000.<lb />323 pp. $23.95. ISBN 0-5259-4512-1.<lb /><lb />Wilkes Counties, North Carolina, where the brothers retired and married<lb />the Yates sisters. Strauss creates a very convincing picture of how difficult<lb />life must have been for the twins in the very rural town of Wilkesboro.<lb />The author also manages to convey the twinsT closeness and the major<lb />differences in their personalities; their desire to remain conjoined as<lb />Joanne Martell. children and desire for disunion later in life.<lb /><lb />MartellTs Millie-Christine: Fearfully and Wonderfully Made is an account<lb /><lb />M i I [ i e- Ch r is ti ne: F ear. ft Uu I y of the lives of Millie and Christine McKoy, conjoined twins born in<lb /><lb />Columbus County, North Carolina, in 1851. Joined at the lower spine, the<lb />an d Won derfi ul y M ade. sisters were born into slavery, but became so successful touring and<lb /><lb />Winston-Salem: John F. Blair, Publisher, 2000. entertaining audiences around the world that they were eventually able to<lb />294 pp Paper, $12.95. ISBN 0-89 58-7188-2. buy the farm on which their entire family had been held as slaves.<lb />"Cloth, $17.95. ISBN 0-8958-7194-7. Martell became interested in the history of Millie and Christine<lb /><lb />North Carolina Libraries<lb /><lb />McKoy after discovering a booklet about the twins in a library in<lb /><lb />Whiteville, North Carolina. Her history is the most comprehensive<lb /><lb />available concerning Millie-Christine and their truly fascinating lives<lb />together. Their careers as exhibitionists were possibly more successful than that of Eng and Chang,<lb />yet few people have taken enough interest to record their story. They were considered beautiful,<lb />refined, and talented by some, and horrific by others. They entertained royalty and befriended a<lb />host of the side-show personalities that performed with them. Martell manages to pack in a great<lb />deal of information about her subjectsT lives and careers, but has a tendency to make unnecessary<lb />conclusions about events and motivations. The book includes many black-and-white illustrations,<lb />an index and a bibliography; however, because the author failed to add endnotes to her history,<lb />readers may feel that she relies too heavily on too few sources.<lb /><lb />Both Chang and Eng; A Novel and Millie-Christine: Fearfully and Wonderfully Made would make<lb />excellent additions to any public library. Academic libraries may want to consider both volumes<lb />for their popular reading collections.<lb /><lb />"John F. Ansley<lb />Durham County Library North Carolina Collection<lb /><lb />Fall 2000 " 87<lb /></p>
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        <p>Home Across the Road.<lb /><lb />ally ReddTs son was sold in 1861. Fathered by their master, Jennis Redd, he was falsely accused<lb /><lb />of stealing a pair of earrings from JennisTs wife, who had seized the chance to remove this<lb /><lb />daily reminder of her husbandTs infidelity. Saddened and enraged, Cally reasoned: oIf ITm go-<lb /><lb />ing to lose my boy to a pair of earrings, then I am damn well going to have those earrings,� so<lb /><lb />she stole the earrings herself and buried them in her cabin. The earrings, like their story, were<lb />handed down from one generation to the next.<lb /><lb />Nancy PeacockTs most recent novel, Home Across the Road, tells this tale through the voice of<lb />CallyTs great-granddaughter, China. From her front porch across the street from the old Roseberry<lb />Plantation, China spends her final days recalling the histories of the family who lived and worked<lb />there: the owhite Redds,� who owned the house, and the oblack Redds,� who served them first in sla-<lb /><lb />very and then in freedom.<lb />ChinaTs perspective of Roseberry is very different from the aristocratic image<lb />the white owners of the home attempt to portray, revealing the more intimate<lb />Nancy Peacock. details of life in the house. Though China recalls hard times, her tales also dem-<lb />onstrate the strength of the oblack Redds.� Her memories chronicle successive<lb />generationsT struggle for independence, from emancipation to their complete<lb /><lb />Atlanta: Longstreet Press, 1999. break with Roseberry. China also outlines the deterioration of the White branch<lb />249 pp. $18.95. ISBN: 1-56352-509-7. of the family: the alcoholism, infidelity, child abuse, and financial woes that lead<lb /><lb />to its downfall. China subtly reveals that though they believed themselves supe-<lb /><lb />rior to their servant-cousins, members of the White family were largely depen-<lb />dent upon the strength of the Black branch for survival. In fact, as soon as China and her family<lb />completely withdraw from the White Redds, that branch literally shrivels and dies.<lb /><lb />Ms. Peacock does a remarkable job of portraying various characters, their stories and emotions.<lb />Like her first novel, Life Without Water, this is a coming-of-age story, but one that examines the devel-<lb />opment of multiple characters over several generations. Because the author channels commentary<lb />through a modern character, she is able to jump successfully from past to present, constructing an<lb />even more intriguing and powerful story. Most of the characters are richer and deeper than those in<lb />her first novel. Through them, Ms. Peacock artfully explores the story not only of the Redds, but also<lb />that of race relations in the South.<lb /><lb />The novelTs captivating look at southern families makes it well-suited for public, high school, and<lb />other academic libraries. Set in North Carolina, the book is also appropriate for any special library<lb />concerned with the collection of southern works.<lb /><lb />" Laura Young Baxley<lb />University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill<lb /><lb />hen Lindy JainTs older sister, June, is found murdered in her home, LindyTs life in Charlotte,<lb />North Carolina, begins to unravel. Everything in her life becomes informed by grief " her ca-<lb />reer as a nurse in a major medical center, her impending marriage, her remaining family "<lb />and grief is not a rational emotion. As the months pass and LindyTs grief does not recede, she<lb />lets go of her job, her fiancé, her family ties, until almost nothing connects her to who and<lb />what she was before her sisterTs death. And since she believes a heart as badly damaged as her own may<lb />as well be broken completely, she determines to leave her life behind, and sets out to do so, without a<lb />word to anyone, taking with her only the one thing that still remains of her sister, her baby son.<lb />oThere are parts of LindyTs mind that donTt necessarily meet, one thing not always leading to an-<lb />other.� And so it is with her story " instead of following a linear progression of events and their atten-<lb />dant emotions, we wander across an emotional landscape on a faint path illuminated by the authorTs<lb />lyrical evocation of the main characterTs thoughts and feelings. We, like Lindy, may wonder where ex-<lb />actly we are, but we are never really lost.<lb />Ashley Warlick. LindyTs odyssey into the past to find anew beginning starts with a car aban-<lb />doned on the wrong side of town, a window broken, a childTs car seat empty. Her<lb /><lb />The Summer A fter i une. physical journey terminates in Galveston, Texas, at her grandmother EstherTs<lb /><lb />huge, vacant house, the house where she and June spent their childhood sum-<lb /><lb />Boston: Houghton-Mifflin Co., 2000. mers. It is a place she associates with happiness, innocence, hope, and possibility.<lb />254 pp. $23.00. ISBN 0395926904. It is here she feels she can start over, as an aunt, if not a sister. When she recon-<lb /><lb />84 " Fall 2000<lb /><lb />nects (and falls in love) with Orrin Cordray, the son of her grandmother's gar-<lb />dener and a constant third in those summers with June, and her grandmother, now in a nursing home,<lb />she gradually and inexorably comes to realize that the past and the present are not subject to separa-<lb />tion. We may not be able to go home again, but neither can we ever completely escape it.<lb /><lb />Ashley WarlickTs first novel, The Distance from the Heart of Things, made her the youngest-ever re-<lb />cipient of the Houghton Mifflin Literary Fellowship Award, and this, her second book, proves that ac-<lb />complishment was not a fluke.<lb /><lb />" Samantha Hunt<lb />New Hanover County Public Library<lb /><lb />North Carolina Libraries<lb /></p>
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        <p>Remembering Charles Kuralt.<lb /><lb />e was smart. He could write about anything and it was magic. From childhood, he had<lb />the most wonderful voice, warm and rich and deep. Busy people stopped what they<lb />were doing to hear his stories. Most of all, he listened. He was interested in every-<lb />thing you had to say, whether the conversation was the state of the nation or the va-<lb />garies of raising corn. He was Charles Kuralt, and there was no one else like him.<lb /><lb />Remembering Charles Kuralt is not a biography, but a series of loosely chronological reminiscences<lb />of the many friends and colleagues interviewed by Grizzle, a contributing editor to North CarolinaTs<lb />Our State magazine. Using his own voice, but heavily sprinkling the text with quotations from the<lb />interviews and other sources, Grizzle follows Kuralt from his boyhood in North Carolina through<lb />his outstanding broadcasting career to his untimely death in 1997.<lb /><lb />Early on Kuralt knew he wanted to be a journalist. He published his<lb />own newspaper from about the age of seven, selling it to neighbors for a<lb />few cents a copy. As a teenager he wrote for the Charlotte News, the cityTs<lb />afternoon paper, and he had a radio show on WAYS at age 13. At UNC-<lb /><lb />Ralph Grizzle.<lb /><lb />Asheville: Kenilworth Media, 2000. Chapel Hill he was elected editor of The Daily Tar Heel, then returned to<lb />259 pp. $25.00. ISBN 0-9679096-0-0. the Charlotte News. When his oPeople� column earned the 23-year-old<lb /><lb />the prestigious Ernie Pyle Memorial Award and CBS sent him a letter of<lb /><lb />congratulations, he wrote back, oIf you really mean you're impressed by<lb />this, isnTt there something you could do?� CBS came through with a job in their radio newsroom,<lb />the stomping ground of KuraltTs hero, Edward R. Murrow. By 1960 Kuralt was named the host of<lb />Eyewitness to History, and CBS approved his idea for On the Road in1967. The first telecast, a two-<lb />minute piece from a side road in Vermont, began, oIt is death that causes this blinding show of<lb />color. But it is a fierce and flaming death.� CBS loved it.<lb /><lb />Kuralt stayed with CBS for 37 years, mostly doing the American snapshot mini-documentaries<lb />at which he excelled, but the crushing work load, chain smoking, and poor eating habits finally<lb />caught up with him. He was tired, the constant stress of meeting his own impossibly high stan-<lb />dards all those years taking its toll. He resigned in 1994, and died, appropriately enough, on July 4,<lb />1997. His friend Bill Friday honored his wish to be buried in Chapel Hill.<lb /><lb />This book should be in every library. It is easy to read, insightful, and especially valuable for<lb />the photographs and the inclusion of some of KuraltTs writing. Given the transitory nature of<lb /><lb />broadcast media, it is sorrowfully likely that much of his work will be lost.<lb />" Suzanne Wise<lb />Appalachian State University<lb /><lb />John Higgins, Sales Representative<lb /><lb />P.O. Box 21011<lb />Columbia SC 29221<lb /><lb />1-800-222-9086<lb />Fax: 803-731-0320<lb /><lb />OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS Ge QUALITY BOOKS INC.<lb /><lb />North Carolina Libraries<lb /><lb />Fall 2000 " 89<lb /></p>
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          <lb />66<lb /><lb />ouTre not smart enough to be a farmer, boy. YouTd better be a banker.� His fatherTs words rang<lb />in the ears of Hugh McColl, Jr., as he reluctantly reported for work at the American Commer-<lb />cial Bank in Charlotte on September 1, 1959.<lb /><lb />Hugh McColl, Jr., was born in Bennettsville, South Carolina, great-grandson of Confeder-<lb />ate veteran Duncan Donald McColl, who after the war went on to become a widely revered<lb />citizen of the town, a magistrate, banker, and manufacturer, credited with guiding<lb />Bennettsville through the uncertain years of Reconstruction. McCollTs heritage was one of<lb /><lb />civic responsibility, commitment, courage, and excellence. His own area of expertise, during his<lb />peacetime Marine Corps service and later as a student at the University of North Carolina at<lb />Chapel Hill, was poker.<lb /><lb />Hugh McColl eventually found his stride, however. Married with his first child on the way, he<lb />learned the banking business from the bottom up, putting in long hours on the road tending to<lb />clients and looking for new business. Within the year, American Commercial Bank and Security<lb /><lb />National of Greensboro merged to produce North Carolina National Bank.<lb />Addison Reese, the director of the new entity, intended to obeat The<lb />Ross Yockey. Wachovia,� the only other bank in North Carolina operating in more than one<lb />county, the state governmentTs bank, and one of the most important banks in<lb /><lb />M C G oll: The Man wi th the Southeast. Reese was a strong proponent of diversity in his workforce long<lb /><lb />before it was fashionable or even acceptable. His inclusion of minorities and<lb /><lb />AmericaTs M oney. women resonated with McColl, who would make it a key element of his own<lb /><lb />corporate commitment in the years to come.<lb /><lb />Marietta, GA.: Longstreet, Inc., 1999. North Carolina National Bank formed the holding company NCNB in 1968,<lb />636 pp. $40.00 . ISBN 1-56352-539-9. and opened a branch in London in 1971. By 1980 NCNB was the largest bank in<lb /><lb />North Carolina, unquestionably surpassing oThe Wachovia.� Under the leader-<lb /><lb />ship of McColl, who became chairman in 1983, NCNB became the first southern<lb /><lb />bank to span six states. In 1991 NCNB renamed itself NationsBank, for the first<lb />time leaving North Carolina completely out of its title. 1998 brought a merger with BankAmerica,<lb />and in 1999 the name changed to the present Bank of America.<lb /><lb />Ross YockeyTs McColl: The Man with AmericaTs Money is a fascinating chronicle of a smart man<lb />dogged by insecurities, who compensated with an aggressive ambition that made him the CEO of<lb />the nationTs largest bank. It offers a snapshot of banking in the hectic decades of the ~60s, ~70s<lb />and ~80s.<lb /><lb />Ross Yockey lives in Charlotte, is an experienced newspaper and television journalist, and has<lb />authored biographies of orchestra conductors Zubin Mehta and Andre Previn. He acknowledges his<lb />debt to Harold CovingtonTs The Story of Nationsbank (UNC Press, 1993) and to the rich archival<lb />materials on the bank and the McColl family available at UNC-Chapel Hill. Ultimately, though,<lb />the book draws most heavily on the memories of McColl, his employees, associates, and some<lb />family members for its vitality. This biography is sympathetic, attempting to place the reader<lb />inside McCollTs head as he strategizes, reacts, and attacks. The writing is breezy and fast-paced, so<lb />readers may find themselves mentally casting the movie version.<lb /><lb />There is still plenty of room for a more objective, authoritative biography of this significant<lb />Tar Heel, recently ranked number one in Business North Carolina magazine's 1999 list of North<lb />CarolinaTs most powerful people. Nonetheless, readers with an interest in North Carolina banking<lb />and the man who has dominated it will find this book absorbing. McColl: the Man With AmericaTs<lb />Money should find a place on the shelf of public and academic libraries alike.<lb /><lb />" Bryna Coonin<lb />East Carolina University<lb /><lb />Tired of making opermanent loans?�<lb /><lb />Ralph M. Davis, Sales Representative<lb />P.O. Box 144 |<lb /><lb />Rockingham, NC 28379<lb />1-800-545-2714<lb /><lb />3 a hec, ointT Tomorrow's Technology for TodayTs Libraries�"�<lb />Sie en ae p} 550 Grove Road ¢ P.O. Box 188 * Thorofare, New Jersey 08086<lb /><lb />86 " Fall 2000<lb /><lb />(800) 257-5540 * TELEX: 84-5396 * FAX: (609) 848-0937<lb /><lb />North Carolina Libraries<lb /></p>
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          <lb />here is a line on the MinotaurTs body. It separates where his bull head meets the rest of his hu-<lb />man frame. That line, that demarcation, aches. It chafes, peels, and splits. The Minotaur tends<lb />that line daily, washing it, rubbing it in balm.<lb />This slow-ache of a line is the crux of Steven SherrillTs first book.<lb />Yes, heTs the same Minotaur weTve always known, creature of the Cretan labyrinth, the<lb />love child of Pasiphae and what must have been a quite handsome member of the stockyard.<lb />In Steven SherrillTs account, this mythic devourer of virgins struck a deal with Theseus, pretended to be<lb />slain, and then spent the next 5,000 years wandering from place to place. When the readers meet him, it<lb />is 1990, and oM ,� as his friends call him, is living at the Lucky-U Trailer Estates in Piedmont, NC, driving<lb />a 1975 Vega hatchback, and slinging food at a steakhouse called GrubTs<lb />Rib.<lb />Steven Sherrill. Stranger things have happened.<lb />Not that anyone in SherrillTs book thinks it strange that the local<lb /><lb />Th e M m ota ur Ta kes a carver of steaks sports a hairy head, two horns, and a tongue too cum-<lb /><lb />Winston-Salem: John F. Blair, Publisher, 2000.<lb />313 pp. $19.95. ISBN 0-89587-197-1.<lb /><lb />° bersome to wrap around the intricacies of most human speech. He is a<lb />Cig arette Br eak. curiosity to ee if he is anything at all. Not feared a hated, as he<lb />has been in previous centuries, simply tolerated.<lb /><lb />We know M's neighbors. We know his co-workers. They own<lb />junkyards, walk around in their boxer shorts, and yell out the back<lb />window at their kids. They wait tables. They fix cars. They move, and<lb />M helps carry the boxes. Because M is tolerated, because almost no one<lb />looks twice at him, this book works. SherrillTs ability to weave the strangeness of the situation, the very<lb />otherness of a mythic beast, into the everyday, baked-potato-and-T-bone world of the suburban, lower<lb />middle-class South, is nothing less than Art. Art with a capital oA.� SherrillTs depiction of behind-the-<lb />scenes restaurant work is especially noteworthy: the rush, the sweat, the slippery floors, the stinking gar-<lb />bage, and the petty waiter rivalries and juvenile dishwasher intrigues.<lb /><lb />Even though the world seems changeless to the immortal half-man/half-bull, the reader knows some-<lb />thing is about to happen. Something is about to change in MTs life. As M goes into work, mends his<lb />clothes, and works on his car, as he tends his bodyTs chafing line of separation, we wait. Sherrill subtly<lb />and expertly creates the suspense. When the event happens, when that change takes place, we are al-<lb />lowed to see it from MTs perspective, and we know that this too will be subsumed, the centuries will roll<lb />on, and still M will wander on, will tend his aching line.<lb /><lb />Where mythology meets the mundane, there is a line. And there is Steven SherrillTs story.<lb /><lb />" Kevin Cherry<lb />State Library of North Carolina<lb /><lb />ae<lb /><lb />THE LEADER LN INTEGRATED INFORMATION MANAGEMENT<lb /><lb />AE II TN I IE EIT TIT SI NT saan Sea ela Ps aha eiteedteiansecaetumeres namie nesneanatichenin oe Sean eer cae<lb /><lb />North Carolina Libraries<lb /><lb />Fall 2000 " 87<lb /></p>
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          <lb />OTHER PUBLICATIONS OF INTEREST ...<lb /><lb />Dr. John M. Hall, a dentist in Clarkton, North Carolina, writes<lb />about surviving and transcending a childhood of physical and<lb />emotional abuse as a member of an extremely separatist fam-<lb />ily church in Betrayal and Escape. This highly personal account<lb />will inspire and affirm other survivors. (2000; Vantage Press,<lb />Inc., 516 West 34th Street, New York, New York 10001; 286 pp.;<lb />paper, $13.95; ISBN 0-533-13228-2.)<lb /><lb />In Outer Banks Architecture: An Anthology of Outposts, Lodges, and<lb />Cottages, Marimar McNaughton sets out to preserve the record<lb />of the native architecture of the area, and to tell the stories of<lb />the people who live there. With black-and-white photographs.<lb />(2000; John F. Blair, Publisher, 1406 Plaza Drive, Winston Sa-<lb />lem, NC 27103;114 pp.; paper, $14.95; ISBN 0-89587-192-0.)<lb /><lb />Volume XI of The Papers of General Nathanael Greene is now<lb />available, including 1,032 documents from April-September of<lb />1782. Dennis M. Conrad is the editor. (2000; The University of<lb />North Carolina Press, P. O. Box 2288, Chapel Hill, NC 27515-<lb />2288; 811 pp.; cloth, $95.00; ISBN 0-8078-2551-4.)<lb /><lb />Allen Paul Speer and Janet Barton Speer have compiled the let-<lb />ters and diaries of two antebellum Piedmont North Carolina<lb />sisters, Jennie and Ann Speer. Sisters of Providence: The Search for<lb />God in the Frontier South (1834-1858) provides a window on<lb />their spiritual, intellectual, and social lives. A section of fam-<lb />ily photographs is included. (2000; The Overmountain Press,<lb /><lb />P.O. Box 1261, Johnson City, TN 37605; 290 pp.; paper, rhe 93;<lb /><lb />ISBN 1-57072-158-0.)<lb /><lb />Celebrating the centennary of Thomas WolfeTs birth, the origi-<lb />nal, unabridged version of the novel that the world knows as<lb />Look Homeward, Angel will be released this October under the<lb />title O Lost: A Story of the Buried Life. Editors Arlyn and Matthew<lb />J. Bruccoli have restored the material cut by Maxwell Perkins<lb />in the original 1929 publication. (2000; University of South<lb />Carolina Press, 937 Assembly Street, Carolina Plaza, 8th Floor,<lb />Columbia, SC 29208; 65 pp.; paper, $29.95; ISBN 1-57003-369-2.)<lb /><lb />David CecelskiTs essays about ferreting out obscure oral histo-<lb />ries, travel journals, and lost memoirs of coastal North Caro-<lb />lina have been a feature in Coastwatch magazine. They are col-<lb />lected, with black-and-white photographs and illustrations, in<lb />A HistorianTs Coast: Adventures into the Tidewater Past. ( 2000;<lb />John F. Blair, Publisher, 1406 Plaza Drive, Winston Salem, NC<lb />27103; 184 pp.; paper, $16.95; ISBN 0-89587-189-0.)<lb /><lb />Robert S. Neale has written a local history of The Bank of Cape<lb />Fear of Wilmington, North Carolina. (1999; The Lower Cape Fear<lb />Historical Society, The Latimer House, 126 South Third Street,<lb />Wilmington, NC 18401; 130 pp. $15.00; ISBN 0-9673815-2-5.)<lb /><lb />Vision Quest: A Visual Journey Through North CarolinaTs Lower<lb />Roanoke River Basin is a labor of love and three yearsT work by<lb />Carl V. Galie, Jr. The project was funded by an Emerging Art-<lb />ist Grant from the Winston-Salem/Forsyth County Arts Coun-<lb />cil. In four brief essays and a series of truly luminous, breath-<lb />taking, mostly full-page photographs, Galie makes an impas-<lb />sioned case for conservation of an area the Nature Conser-<lb />vancy has designated as one of the oLast Great Places.� A map<lb />of the area in question decorates the back cover of the dust<lb />jacket. (1998; Red Maple Press, P. O. Box 20143, Winston-Sa-<lb />lem, NC 27120; unpaginated, about 80 pp.; cloth, $29.95;<lb />ISBN 0-9669876-0-8.)<lb /><lb />88 " Fall 2000<lb /><lb />Marianne Gingher, author and writing professor at the Univer-<lb />sity of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, has compiled a whimsi-<lb />cal list of instructions on How to Have a Happy Childhood. I1-<lb />Iustrated with family photographs and graphics, the text is a<lb />mixture of the philosophical (reason not to kill a black widow<lb />spider: oSmashing something you fear is always less illuminat-<lb />ing than learning to live in proximity with its tiny wicked strat-<lb />egies.�), the sentimental (oHave a best friend and love her for<lb />how she brings out the best in you.�), the practical (oYour<lb />brothers will want to play Fifty-Two Card Pickup, but donTt<lb />agree to it�), and the mischievous (opretend that the kitchen<lb />counter-tops are cliffs or mountain tops. Scale them in your<lb />bare feet.�) ChildrenTs collections may find a place for this small<lb />volume, but its primary use will be as a gift. (2000; Zuckerman<lb />Cannon Publishers, distributed by John F. Blair, Publisher, 1406<lb />Plaza Drive, Winston Salem, NC 27103; unpaginated, about 60<lb />pp.; cloth, $16.00; ISBN 0-9664316-1-8.)<lb /><lb />Alan StoudemireTs memoir of an interracial friendship between<lb />two boys growing up in Lincolnton, North Carolina, is titled<lb />A Place at the Table. Begun when his friend Boyce Blake died<lb />of Lou GehrigTs Disease in 1997, the book was written during<lb />his own treatment for melanoma, and completed not long be-<lb />fore his own death at age 49. (2000; Cherokee Publishing Com-<lb />pany, P.O. Box 1730, Marietta, GA 30061-1730; 260 pp.; cloth,<lb />$26.95; ISBN 0-87797-287-7.)<lb /><lb />Christopher CamutoTs Another Country: Journeying Toward the<lb />Cherokee Mountains has been reissued in paperback. It was origi-<lb />nally published by Henry Holt in 1997, and previously re-<lb />viewed in North Carolina Libraries, Spring 1998. (2000; The<lb />University of Georgia Press, 330 Research Dr, Athens, GA<lb />30602-4901; 351 pp.; paper, $16.95; ISBN 0-8203-2237-7.)<lb /><lb />Thomas H. Thornburg, An Introduction to Law for North Caro-<lb />linians. 2nd edition. (2000; Institute of Government, C.B. 3330<lb />Knapp Building, The University of North Carolina at Chapel<lb />Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3330; 23 pp.; paper, $11.00; ISBN<lb />1-56011-374-X)<lb /><lb />David M. Lawrence. Economic Development Law for North Caro-<lb />lina Local Governments. (2000; Institute of Government, The<lb />University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC<lb />27599-3330; 185 pp.; paper, $25.00; ISBN 1-56011-364-2)<lb /><lb />William A. Campbell. North Carolina Guidebook for Registers of<lb />Deeds. 8th edition. (2000; Institute of Government, The Uni-<lb />versity of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC<lb />27599-3330; 199 pp.; paper, $24.50; ISBN 1-56011-353-7.)<lb /><lb />Professor Charles Royster does an outstanding job of chroni-<lb />cling the life and times of the colonial Virginia magnates whose<lb />mixture of greed, intrigue, and speculation rivaled anything<lb />that modern-day America has to offer in The Fabulous History<lb />of the Dismal Swamp Company: A Story of George WashingtonTs<lb />Times. Though not a history of the Dismal Swamp itself, this<lb />work shows again how even the mighty can get caught up in<lb />quicksand of their own making. This is historical writing at its<lb />best"a real page turner. It belongs in all public library collec-<lb />tions, especially those interested in northeastern North Caro-<lb />lina and southside Virginia. Libraries seeking a more popular<lb />history of the Swamp itself should purchase copies of Bland<lb />SimpsonTs The Great Dismal. (2000; Knopf, 201 E. 50th St, New<lb />York, NY; 622 pp.; $35.00; ISBN 0-679-43345-7.)<lb /><lb />North Carolina Libraries<lb /></p>
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          <lb />The cinemaTs marquee and drop-off<lb />canopy were removed and replaced with<lb />a new olibrary marquee.� The display<lb />cases for coming attractions were<lb />retained; the library staff uses them to<lb />promote new materials and services.<lb />Renovating the theater involved some<lb />special challenges, however, such as<lb />requiring 14 tons of rock to level the<lb />slanted floors.<lb /><lb />the county on a long-term basis.<lb /><lb />The Reynolda Cinema, a triple theater in Forsyth<lb />County, closed in January 1997 because it was<lb />no longer able to compete with newer multi-<lb />plexes in the area. At the same time, the<lb />Reynolda Manor Branch Library had<lb />become inadequate to serve the needs of its<lb />growing clientele. An innovative public/private<lb />partnership allowed the cinema to be renovated<lb />into a new branch library that opened in May<lb />1998. The building, which belongs to the<lb />owners of a nearby shopping center, is leased to<lb /><lb />Large windows were added to the exterior walls to bring light and views to the interior. Vaulted ceilings were used to take advan-<lb />tage of the volume of space. Heavy timbers above the partition walls provide visual support and help create a warm environment.<lb /><lb />Thanks to Don Dwiggins of the Forsyth County Public Library for the above photographs. If you have suggestions for photographs of library buildings<lb />or activities that could be shared through this column, please contact Joline Ezzell at (919) 660-5925 or joline.ezzell@duke.edu.<lb /><lb />North Carolina Libraries<lb /><lb />Fall 2000 " 89<lb /></p>
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        <p>When everything<lb /><lb />1S hal its place 8 , The magnificence of the public library<lb /><lb />is something that never stales with age.<lb />But the complex task of organizing all<lb />of the services you offer is not an easy<lb /><lb />rs<lb />Your library one. Baker &amp; Taylor eases the load by<lb /><lb />sending your order processed, cataloged,<lb /><lb />b ecomes gate place and ready for shelving and circulation.<lb /><lb />Before you place an order with<lb />for Tw rythin 4 5 Baker &amp; Taylor, a Basic Profile is<lb />established, where you designate your<lb />fundamental choices in an area such as<lb />cataloging, which provides various<lb /><lb />classification options and standards.<lb /><lb />Processing your order can also be an<lb />intricate undertaking. Baker &amp; Taylor<lb />options include theft detection devices,<lb />mylar jackets, book pockets, spine labels,<lb />label protectors, bar code labels, and<lb /><lb />automated records, to name a few.<lb /><lb />ItTs been said that everything in the<lb />world ends up in a book. Call Baker &amp;<lb />Taylor. We'll help you get it all on your<lb />shelves and in circulation so your<lb /><lb />patrons can easily find what they need.<lb /><lb />PP) ff) BAKER &amp; TAYLOR<lb /><lb />Information and Entertainment Services<lb /><lb />800-775-1800<lb />www.btol.com<lb /><lb />hi<lb />90 " Fall 2000 North Carolina Libraries<lb /></p>
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          <lb />NorTH CAROLINA LIBRARY ASSOCIATION<lb />MINUTES OF THE EXECUTIVE BOARD<lb /><lb />July 21, 2000<lb /><lb />Greensboro Public Library<lb /><lb />Attending: Phil Barton, Pauletta Bracy, Ann Burlingame, Pam Burton, Robert Canida II, Kevin Cherry, Sue<lb />Cody, Maureen Costello, Martha Davis, Joline Ezzell, Dave Fergusson, Margaret Foote, Beverley Gass, Karen<lb />Gavigan, Ross Holt, Gerald Holmes, Peggy Hoon, Mary Horton, Al Jones, Diane Kester, Frances Lampley,<lb />Flizabeth Laney, Marian Lindsay, Peggy Markham, Marilyn Miller, Carrie Nichols, Peggy Quinn, Melinda<lb />Ratchford, Susan Smith, Brenda Stephens, Benjamin Speller, Lovenia Summerville, Jerry Thrasher, John Via,<lb />Catherine Wilkinson, John Zika<lb /><lb />Call to Order:<lb /><lb />President Al Jones called the meeting to<lb />order at 10:00 a.m. The first order of<lb />business was to recognize Jerry Thrasher<lb />for his contribution to North Carolina<lb />libraries and to acknowledge his award<lb />for LJ Librarian of the Year.<lb /><lb />Approval of Minutes for April 14, 2000:<lb />Two corrections were noted and ap-<lb />proved. Melinda Ratchford, who made<lb />the NCASL report, is immediate past-<lb />chair of the section. Under Committee<lb />Reports, the accurate name for the ad-<lb />hoc group on charter schools is the Com-<lb />mittee on Charter Schools. The minutes<lb />were approved as amended.<lb /><lb />PresidentTs Report:<lb /><lb />Full report: www.mindspring.com/~ncla/<lb />july2000/president.htm<lb /><lb />Dr. Jones began his report with an update<lb />on the March meeting of the Commis-<lb />sion on School Librarians. With facilita-<lb />tion by library consultant Lou<lb />Wetherbee, the commission recom-<lb />mended eliminating the per capita con-<lb />tribution that sections and round tables<lb />make to NCLA from conference and<lb />workshop registrations. The commission<lb />also recommended that the biennial con-<lb />ference committee take care of overhead<lb />charges for meetings presented at the<lb />conference. These recommendations<lb />were presented for a vote under New<lb />Business. The commission also met in<lb />June to discuss the possibility of directing<lb />more of the dues NCLA members pay to<lb />the sections and round tables they join.<lb />This change may require making North<lb />Carolina Libraries an additional cost for<lb />subscribers. The commission members<lb /><lb />North Carolina Libraries<lb /><lb />also discussed the issue of financial au-<lb />tonomy over funds for sections and<lb />round tables. These suggestions were re-<lb />ferred to the Finance Committee for fur-<lb />ther discussion.<lb /><lb />The Finance Committee met on July<lb />17, 2000, but key parties Frances<lb />Bradburn and Karen Gavigan were not<lb />able to attend. The discussion of options<lb />for the publication of North Carolina Li-<lb />braries, including an online option, will<lb />be continued in future meetings. On the<lb />issue of financial autonomy, the Ameri-<lb />can Library Association was contacted.<lb />Divisions of ALA do not have access to<lb />their accounts. ~The finance committee<lb />suggested NCASL investigate legal and<lb />financial options for separating the<lb />groupTs funds.<lb /><lb />Dr. Jones reported on the issue of<lb />using the NCLA name as a program<lb />sponsor. In response to questions about<lb />the Very Best Place to Start program,<lb />which listed NCLA as its sponsor, State<lb />Librarian Sandy Cooper explained that<lb />the State Library cannot be a sponsoring<lb />agent for LSTA funds, so as administrator<lb />of the funds, NCLA became the sponsor<lb />of the program. Ross Holt commented<lb />that a clearly stated policy on use of the<lb />organizationTs name would clarify future<lb />sponsorship issues. Diane Kester added<lb />that contracts can also be written to<lb />specify the terms of use of the name.<lb /><lb />The relief fund for librarians affected<lb />by Hurricane Floyd continues. Contribu-<lb />tions can be sent to the NCLA office.<lb /><lb />TreasurerTs Report<lb /><lb />Treasurer Diane Kester submitted the<lb />treasurerTs report, available at www.<lb />mindspring.com/~ncla/shortbudget.html.<lb /><lb />This table does not reflect registration<lb />funds collected for 2nd quarter workshops<lb />because the per capita contribution issue<lb />was to be resolved at this meeting.<lb /><lb />Section/Round Table Reports<lb /><lb />ChildrenTs Services Section<lb /><lb />Chair Ann Burlingame referred to the<lb />Web page report www.mindspring.com/<lb />~ncla/july2000/CSS.htm. The report<lb />announces publication of the Chapbook<lb />newsletterTs Summer issue. A conference<lb />entitled oStorytelling and Beyond, Incor-<lb />porating the Arts into Programming� is<lb />planned for October 30-31, 2000 in<lb />Brown Summit, NC.<lb /><lb />College and University Section<lb />Secretary/Treasurer Peggy Markham re-<lb />ported on the sectionTs plans to co-spon-<lb />sor a workshop on license agreements<lb />with the Resources and Technical Ser-<lb />vices Section. The meeting will be held<lb />on October 13 at the Greensboro Public<lb />Library.<lb /><lb />Community and Junior College<lb />Libraries Section<lb /><lb />Vice Chair Peggy Quinn referred to the<lb />Web page report www.mindspring.com/<lb />~ncla/july2000/cjcs.htm. The report<lb />announces a new initiative to increase<lb />membership in the section and the deci-<lb />sion to try to revitalize the section in-<lb />stead of incorporating it into the College<lb />and University Section. The CJCS is plan-<lb />ning to co-sponsor a workshop on dis-<lb />tance education with the College and<lb />University Section. The workshop will be<lb />held in Spring 2001.<lb /><lb />Fall 2000 " 91<lb /></p>
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        <p>Documents Section<lb /><lb />The sectionTs report is at<lb />www.mindspring.com/~ncla/july2000/<lb />Documents.htm. Chair Mary Horton<lb />reported that approximately 52 attended<lb />the May 12 workshop entitled oCensus<lb />2000: Everything You Wanted to<lb /><lb />Know ... But Were Afraid to Ask.�<lb /><lb />Library Administration and Manage-<lb />ment Section<lb /><lb />Chair Martha Davis reported that the<lb />sectionTs executive board will meet in<lb />August.<lb /><lb />North Carolina Association of School<lb />Librarians<lb /><lb />Past-chair Melinda Ratchford referred to<lb />the Web page report www.mindspring.<lb />com/~ncla/july2000/NCASL.html. The<lb />North Carolina ChildrenTs Book Awards<lb />are at http:www.ncasl.org.<lb /><lb />NC Public Library Trustees Association<lb />No report.<lb /><lb />Public Library Section<lb /><lb />Chair John Zika referred to the Web page<lb />report www.mindspring.com/~ncla/<lb />july2000/pls.htm. The board met on<lb />June 5. Plans are underway to print a di-<lb />rectory of the Technical Services Commit-<lb />tee. Grassroots, the Young Adult Commit-<lb />tee newsletter, may soon become an<lb />online publication.<lb /><lb />Reference and Adult Services Section<lb />Vice-Chair Joline Ezzell referred to the<lb />Web page report www.mindspring.com/<lb />~ncla/july2000/rass.html. The board<lb />met in June and began planning a work-<lb />shop on serving oVirtual Patrons,� to be<lb />held in the fall. The next meeting will be<lb />in August.<lb /><lb />Resources and Technical Services Section<lb />Vice-Chair Margaret Foote referred to the<lb />Web page report www.mindspring.com/<lb />~ncla/july2000/rtsd3rd.htm. She noted<lb />that the fall workshop on licensing of<lb />databases, to be co-sponsored with the<lb />College and University Section on Octo-<lb />ber 13, will appeal to a wide range of li-<lb />braries and library specialties.<lb /><lb />New Members Round Table<lb />Chair Marian Lindsay reported that the<lb />board will meet in August.<lb /><lb />NC Library Paraprofessional<lb />Association<lb /><lb />Chair Frances Lampley reported that the<lb />board will meet in the fall.<lb /><lb />Round Table for Ethnic Minority<lb /><lb />Concerns<lb />Chair Robert Canida referred to the Web<lb />page report www.mindspring.com/<lb /><lb />92 " Fall 2000<lb /><lb />~ncla/july2000/remco.htm. A fall work-<lb />shop on evaluating resources and services<lb />is being planned.<lb /><lb />Round Table on Special Collections<lb />Chair Kevin Cherry reported that a work-<lb />shop on standards and practices for digi-<lb />tization will be offered at Lenoir Com-<lb />munity College and at Lenoir, NC. Peggy<lb />Hoon, Jerry Cotten, John Ainsley, and<lb />Jan Blodgett will present sessions.<lb /><lb />Round Table on the Status of Women<lb />in Librarianship<lb /><lb />Vice Chair Brenda Stephens referred to<lb />the Web page report www.mindspring.<lb />com/~ncla/july2000/rtswl.html. The<lb />round table is sponsoring a workshop on<lb />August 11 in Winston-Salem with guest<lb />speaker Dr. Dudley Shearburn.<lb /><lb />Technology and Trends Round Table<lb />Chair Susan Smith referred to the Web<lb />page report www.mindspring.com/<lb />~ncla/july2000/rass.html. The spring<lb />workshop oE-Toys or Geek Toys: Tools for<lb />2000� drew 41 attendees who attended<lb />sessions on e-books, palm pilots, wireless<lb />networking, and digital cameras. TNT is<lb />investigating future program collabora-<lb />tions with MUGLNC and other NCLA<lb />sections and round tables.<lb /><lb />Committee Reports<lb />Archives<lb />Chair Carrie Nichols reported that the<lb />committee continues to process the<lb />records of the organization, with the cur-<lb />rent focus on financial records and presi-<lb />dential papers.<lb /><lb />Committee on Charter Schools (ad-hoc)<lb />Chair Patrick Valentine was unable to<lb />attend, but the proposed resolution on<lb />charter schools was introduced under<lb />Old Business (see below).<lb /><lb />Commission on School Librarians<lb />The Commission update was given in the<lb />PresidentTs Report (see above.)<lb /><lb />Conference<lb /><lb />Chair Ross Holt reported that the theme<lb />for the 2001 biennial conference will be<lb />olibraries@future.now.� Each section and<lb />round table will soon be asked to identify<lb />a program planner. Planning forms will<lb />be available on the NCLA Web site and<lb />will be mailed by September 1, 2000.<lb />Kevin Cherry has created a request for<lb />proposals for site selection for the 2005<lb />conference. The Registration Subcommit-<lb />tee recommends a $5.00 increase in con-<lb />ference registration rates, excluding li-<lb />brary school students. The last increase<lb />was in 1997. Finance Committee Chair<lb />Catherine Wilkinson noted that it is<lb />cheaper for higher-salaried librarians to<lb /><lb />pay the non-member fee than to become<lb />a member of NCLA, and recommended<lb />increasing the non-member rate. This<lb />recommendation will be taken back to<lb />the committee. The Exhibits Subcommit-<lb />tee recommended an increase of $50 for<lb />exhibit booths. Dave Fergusson suggested<lb />raising the fee but reducing the differen-<lb />tial for late registration.<lb /><lb />Vice-President Ross Holt also re-<lb />ported on his participation on an ALA<lb />Chapter Relations panel discussion on<lb />developing leaders at the ALA Confer-<lb />ence. Michigan, New York, and Texas<lb />also have leadership institutes. All the<lb />leadership academies are different. We<lb />need to examine other styles. NCLATs<lb />mentoring program was unique among<lb />the panelists. Our representation on the<lb />panel indicates we are among the top<lb />four state library associations in develop-<lb />ing leaders for the profession.<lb /><lb />Constitution, Codes and Handbook<lb />Revision<lb /><lb />The handbook has been posted on the<lb />Web. It was commented that the use of<lb />frames on the Web pages make printing<lb />difficult. Al Jones and Maureen Costello<lb />noted that the online version is not in-<lb />tended to replace the paper copy of the<lb />handbook, but will be very useful for<lb />quick referral and will allow distribution<lb />to a wider audience.<lb /><lb />Development<lb /><lb />Chair Elizabeth Laney referred to the<lb />Web page report www.mindspring. com/<lb />~ncla/july2000/devcommittee.html. The<lb />committee will meet this summer to plan<lb />building the NCLA Endowment Fund.<lb /><lb />Finance<lb /><lb />Chair Catherine Wilkinson introduced<lb />recommendations made by the commit-<lb />tee in response to issues identified by the<lb />Commission on School Librarians. The<lb />first recommendation is to repeal Stand-<lb />ing Rule and Policy 2.2.8, thereby elimi-<lb />nating the $5.00 per workshop attendant<lb />contribution paid to NCLA. The second<lb />recommendation is to repeal Standing<lb />Rule and Policy 2.2.2 to increase the<lb />amount of dues placed in section/round<lb />table accounts from $4.00 to $5.00 per<lb />capita. Recommendation 3 states that the<lb />Conference Committee should budget<lb />and pay for room, equipment, and secu-<lb />rity expenses for the conference, rather<lb />than each section or round table being<lb />required to pay these expenses. Recom-<lb />mendation 4 states that North Carolina<lb />Libraries should continue to be a benefit<lb />of membership without additional sub-<lb />scription charges. Another recommenda-<lb />tion of the committee is that the Com-<lb />mission thoroughly investigate the legal<lb />ramifications of multiple Employer Iden-<lb /><lb />North Carolina Libraries<lb /></p>
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          <lb />tification Numbers for independent trea-<lb />suries for subunits of the organization.<lb />Finally, in response to a Commission rec-<lb />ommendation, project grants are now<lb />the responsibility of the Finance Com-<lb />mittee.<lb /><lb />Governmental Relations<lb /><lb />Chair Peggy Hoon reported that the<lb />committee met in May to set goals. A<lb />Web page for legislative issues is being<lb />planned, as well as a survey to identify<lb />NCLA membersT legislative districts and<lb />concerns. The committee will also con-<lb />sider development of a legislative<lb />agenda for the organization. NCLA had<lb />seven representatives at National Library<lb />Legislative Days in Washington, D. C.<lb />on May 1-2. In discussion, it was sug-<lb />gested that the committee help the<lb />membership by providing talking<lb />points on legislative issues and advice<lb />for working with the state legislature.<lb />Jerry Thrasher noted that NCLIVE<lb />funding will come up for approval<lb />again soon, requiring continuing sup-<lb />port for the project from legislators. It<lb />was noted that public and school li-<lb />braries also need advice on seeking<lb />support from local commissioners and<lb />council members. Additionally, we<lb />need to cultivate support and alliances<lb />with library user groups, such as genea-<lb />logical associations.<lb /><lb />Intellectual Freedom<lb /><lb />Chair Jerry Thrasher referred to the Web<lb />page report www.mindspring.com/<lb />~ncla/july2000/ifc.html. The committee<lb />has developed a form to report<lb />intellectual freedom challenges. Internet<lb />filter proposals are presenting new chal-<lb />lenges to libraries, exemplified by a con-<lb />troversy in Avery County, NC.<lb /><lb />Leadership Institute<lb />No report.<lb /><lb />Literacy<lb />Chair Pauletta Bracy reported that the<lb />committee will meet in October.<lb /><lb />Membership<lb /><lb />Chair Peggy Quinn referred to the Web<lb />page report www.mindspring.com/~ncla/<lb />july2000/Membership.htm. The mem-<lb />bership brochure is being revised, with<lb />design by Gayle Fishel. A trifold tabletop<lb />display board for use by the association<lb />has been purchased. Guidelines for use of<lb />the display unit will be developed.<lb /><lb />Nominating<lb />No report.<lb /><lb />Publications and Marketing<lb />Chair Pam Burton reported that newslet-<lb />ter items are needed.<lb /><lb />Scholarships<lb /><lb />Chair Gerald Holmes reported that award<lb />winners for scholarships and loans have<lb />been selected. Angela M. Wilson (UNC at<lb />Greensboro) was awarded the NCLA Me-<lb />morial Scholarship. The Query-Long<lb />Scholarship was awarded to Emily Stroud<lb />Andrews (East Carolina University.)<lb />McClendon Loan awards have been of-<lb />fered to six students, and one has de-<lb />clined. The students attend library pro-<lb />grams at East Carolina University, North<lb />Carolina Central University, and UNC at<lb />Chapel Hill. Sixteen applications were<lb />received, compared to twelve received in<lb />1999. The awards will be announced to<lb />newspapers and other media.<lb /><lb />Special Projects<lb /><lb />Ben Speller reported that a survey is be-<lb />ing sent out relating to continuing edu-<lb />cation needs of the membership.<lb /><lb />Other Reports<lb />North Carolina Libraries<lb />A recent article about state library jour-<lb />nals and their treatment of library his-<lb />tory was published in the Journal of Li-<lb />braries and Culture. The article<lb />complimented our issue on historical<lb />issues guest edited by Al Jones and Kevin<lb />Cherry. Ross Holt added that the audi-<lb />ence at the ALA Chapter Relations pro-<lb /><lb />Broadfoot's has TWO Locations Serving Different Needs<lb /><lb />Broadfoot's<lb />of Wendell<lb /><lb />6624 Robertson Pond Road ~ Wendell, NC 27591<lb />Phone: (800) 444-6963 ~ Fax: (919) 365-6008<lb /><lb />SOFTWARE<lb /><lb />)Broadfoot<lb />|Publishing<lb />Company<lb /><lb />1907 Buena Vista Circle ~ Wilmington, NC 28405<lb />Phone: (800) 537-5243 ~ Fax: (910) 686-4379<lb /><lb />MULTICULTURAL ee<lb />SELECTIONS ecent Publications:<lb /><lb />VISUALS<lb />Spring &amp; Fall Catalogs<lb /><lb />Are you on our mailing list?<lb /><lb />The Colonial &amp; State Records of NC (30 vols.)<lb />North Carolina Regiments (5 vols.)<lb />Roster of Confederate Troops (16 vols.)<lb /><lb />Tar Heel Treasures<lb />= fer<lb /><lb />natives &amp; newcomers<lb />young &amp; old<lb /><lb />Supplement to the Official Records (100 vols.)<lb /><lb />Full Color Catalog (free upon request)<lb /><lb />North Carolina Libraries Fall 2000 " 9%<lb /></p>
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          <lb />gram was impressed at the quality of our<lb />publication.<lb /><lb />ALA Councilor<lb />No report.<lb /><lb />SELA Councilor<lb /><lb />Councilor John Via reported that the<lb />SELA Conference will be held in coopera-<lb />tion with the Georgia Council of Media<lb />Organizations on October 13, 2000 in<lb />Jekyll Island. There will be a NCLA hospi-<lb />tality suite at the Ramada Inn. An issue<lb />of the Southeastern Librarian is about to<lb />be published.<lb /><lb />Old Business<lb /><lb />The Committee on Charter Schools pro-<lb />posed a resolution concerning libraries in<lb />charter schools. Elizabeth Laney moved<lb />to accept the resolution. The motion was<lb />seconded by Jerry Thrasher. During dis-<lb />cussion, Marilyn Miller expressed con-<lb />cern with some of the terminology in the<lb />resolution and noted that little support-<lb />ive data on library services in charter<lb />schools were available. Following further<lb />discussion, Dr. Bracy recommended that<lb />more study of the issue is needed and<lb />suggested that a position statement<lb />would be a better format for the expres-<lb />sion of our views than the proposed reso-<lb />lution. Kevin Cherry recommended an<lb />approach that seeks to educate school<lb />officials on the value of media centers,<lb />working with a view toward collabora-<lb />tion rather than confrontation. For in-<lb />stance, although charter school students<lb />may arrange to use public libraries, the<lb />instructional services that media centers<lb />provide to classes and other groups are<lb />not typically provided by public libraries.<lb /><lb />Phil Barton called the question, and<lb />the resolution was defeated. Al Jones<lb />called for volunteers to continue a study<lb />of library services for charter schools. The<lb />following members volunteered: Dave<lb />Fergusson, Ann Burlingame, Marilyn<lb />Miller, John Via, Ben Speller, Marian Lind-<lb />say, and Pauletta Bracy. Drs. Miller and<lb />Bracy will write a draft position paper. Dr.<lb />Bracy commended the Committee on<lb />Charter Schools for beginning the process.<lb /><lb />A motion was proposed to adopt a<lb />nondiscrimination policy, draft copies of<lb />which were distributed. Dr. Bracy moved<lb />we accept the draft policy. Robert Canida<lb />seconded the motion. After discussion,<lb />the following motion was passed by a<lb />vote of 14-0.<lb /><lb />The NCLA does not discriminate<lb />based on race, origin, age, gender,<lb />sexual orientation, creed, or disabil-<lb />ity, and therefore will not enter<lb />into contract with any person or<lb />organization that discriminates.<lb />This policy will be made explicit in<lb />all contracts between the North<lb />Carolina Library Association or its<lb />representatives and any person<lb />and/or organization for the use of<lb />space and facilities for NCLA-spon-<lb />sored events. If discrimination is<lb />proved on the part of any person or<lb />organization that has a contract<lb />with NCLA, the contract will be<lb />considered null and void.<lb /><lb />A motion was introduced to adopt a<lb />policy on the use of the NCLA name. Dr.<lb />Bracy made a motion for approval and<lb />Phil Barton seconded the motion. Fol-<lb />lowing discussion, the motion was<lb />passed by a vote of 16-1, as follows:<lb /><lb />FOREIGN BOOKS and PERIODICALS<lb /><lb />CURRENT OR OUT-OF-PRINT<lb /><lb />Specialties:<lb />Search Service<lb /><lb />Irregular Serials<lb />International Congresses<lb /><lb />Building Special Collections<lb /><lb />ALBERT J. PHIEBIG INC.<lb />Box 352, White Plains, N.Y. 10602 * FAX (914) 948-0784<lb /><lb />94 " fall 2000<lb /><lb />No person or organization(s) may<lb />use the name of the North Carolina<lb />Library Association without prior<lb />consent in writing of the NCLA<lb />President, acting on behalf of the<lb />NCLA Executive Board.<lb /><lb />As proposed by the Commission on<lb />School Librarians, the following motion<lb />was made by Ross Holt and seconded by<lb />Mary Horton.<lb /><lb />Motion: To eliminate the $5.00 per<lb />capita contribution to NCLA for<lb />conferences and workshops held by<lb />NCLATs various sections and round<lb />tables.<lb /><lb />The motion passed 16-0 and the effec-<lb />tive date of January 1, 2000 was approved.<lb />A motion to have the Biennial Con-<lb />ference Committee take care of cost of<lb />room and equipment for programs was<lb />introduced by Karen Gavigan and sec-<lb />onded by Ross Holt. Following discussion<lb />and amendment, the motion was passed<lb />17-0, as follows:<lb />Upon prior approval of the Confer-<lb />ence Committee, the Biennial Con-<lb />ference will pay the costs of meet-<lb />ing rooms and audiovisual equip-<lb />ment rental (including telephone<lb />lines and computers) and security.<lb /><lb />New Business<lb /><lb />Discussion was held on the recommenda-<lb />tion from the Commission on School<lb />Librarians that more dues go directly to<lb />the sections and round tables. One op-<lb />tion discussed was to make a subscription<lb />to North Carolina Libraries an additional<lb />cost above the membership dues. Each<lb />issue costs $7,000 to $8,000 for 2,000<lb />copies. The Finance Committee is op-<lb />posed to this proposal. Editor Frances<lb />Bradburn was not present, and the dis-<lb />cussion was tabled.<lb /><lb />Discussion was also held on the<lb />Commission on School LibrariansT rec-<lb />ommendation that sections and round<lb />tables be allowed to establish separate<lb />funds controlled by their secretary/trea-<lb />surers. The suggestion emerged from a<lb />past occurrence when funds were trans-<lb />ferred from a sectionTs account to the<lb />central NCLA account without notifying<lb />the section. At this time, sections and<lb />round tables should not maintain sepa-<lb />rate accounts, since this practice is pro-<lb />hibited by the Bylaws. Tax laws will need<lb />to be carefully reviewed by an attorney<lb />before further action is taken.<lb /><lb />News from State Library and State<lb />Library Commission<lb />No report.<lb /><lb />The meeting adjourned at 3:00 p.m.<lb /><lb />" Respectfully submitted,<lb />Sue Ann Cody, Secretary<lb /><lb />North Carolina Libraries<lb /></p>
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          <lb />NortH CAROLINA LIBRARY ASSOCIATION 1999-2001 EXECUTIVE BOARD<lb /><lb />PRESIDENT<lb />Plummer Alston oAl� Jones, Jr.<lb />Corriher-Linn-Black Library<lb />Catawba College<lb />2300 W. Innes Street<lb />Salisbury, NC 28144<lb />Telephone: (704) 637-4449<lb />Fax: (704) 637-4304<lb />pajones@catawba.edu<lb /><lb />VICE PRESIDENT/<lb /><lb />PRESIDENT ELECT<lb />Ross Holt<lb />Randolph Public Library<lb />201 Worth Street<lb />Asheboro, NC 27203<lb />Telephone: (336) 318-6806<lb />Fax: (336) 318-6823<lb />rholt@ncsl.dcr.state.nc.us<lb /><lb />SECRETARY<lb />Sue Ann Cody<lb />Randall Library, UNC-Wilmington<lb />601 College Road<lb />Wilmington, NC<lb />Telephone: (910) 962-7409<lb />Fax: (910) 962-3078<lb />codys@uncwil.edu<lb /><lb />TREASURER<lb />Diane D. Kester<lb />East Carolina University<lb />105 Longview Drive<lb />Goldsboro, NC 27534-8871<lb />Telephone: (919) 328-6621<lb />Fax: (919) 328-4638<lb />kesterd@mail.ecu.edu<lb />Isdkest@eastnet.educ.ecu.edu<lb /><lb />DIRECTORS<lb />Phillip Barton, Director<lb />Rowan County Public Library<lb />P.O. Box 4039<lb />Salisbury, NC 28145-4039<lb />Telephone: (704) 638-3020<lb />Fax: (704) 638-3013<lb />bartonp@co.rowan.nc.us<lb /><lb />Patrick Valentine, Director<lb />Wilson County Public Library<lb />PO Box 400<lb /><lb />Wilson, NC 27893<lb /><lb />Telephone: (252) 237-5355<lb />Fax: (252) 243-4311<lb />pvalentine@wilson-co.com<lb /><lb />ALA COUNCILOR<lb />Jacqueline B. Beach<lb />Craven-Pamlico-Carteret<lb />Regional Library<lb />400 Johnson Street<lb />New Bern, NC 28560<lb />Telephone: (919) 823-1141<lb />Fax: (919) 638-7817<lb />jbeach@ncsl.dcr.state.nc.us<lb /><lb />North Carolina Libraries<lb /><lb />SELA REPRESENTATIVE<lb />John Via<lb />Forsyth County Public Library<lb />660 W. Fifth Street<lb />Winston-Salem NC 27101<lb />Telephone: (336) 727-2556<lb />Fax: (336) 727-2549<lb /><lb />EDITOR, North Carolina Libraries<lb />Frances Bryant Bradburn<lb />Educational Technology<lb />NC Dept. of Public Instruction<lb />301 N. Wilmington Street<lb />Raleigh, NC 27601-2825<lb />Telephone: (919) 715-1528<lb />Fax: (919) 733-4762<lb />fbradbur@dpi.state.nc.us<lb /><lb />PAST-PRESIDENT<lb />Beverley Gass<lb />M.W. Bell Library<lb />Guilford Technical College<lb />P.O. Box 309<lb />Jamestown, NC 27282-0309<lb /><lb />Telephone: (336) 334-4822<lb />x2434<lb />Fax: (336) 841-4350<lb /><lb />gassb@gtcc.cc.nc.us<lb /><lb />ADMINISTRATIVE ASSISTANT<lb />Maureen Costello<lb />North Carolina Library Association<lb />c/o State Library of North Carolina<lb />4646 Mail Service Center<lb />Raleigh, NC 27699-4646<lb />Telephone: (919) 839-6252<lb />Fax: (919) 839-6252<lb />ncla@mindspring.com<lb /><lb />SECTION CHAIRS<lb /><lb />CHILDRENTS SERVICES SECTION<lb />Ann Burlingame<lb />Wake Forest Public Library<lb />400 E. Holding Avenue<lb />Wake Forest, NC 27587<lb />Telephone: (919) 554-8498<lb />Fax: (919) 554-8499<lb />aburlingame@co.wake.nc.us<lb /><lb />COLLEGE anp UNIVERSITY SECTION<lb />Bobby Wynn<lb />Charles W. Chestnut Library<lb />Fayetteville State University<lb />1200 Murchison Road<lb />Fayetteville, NC 28301<lb />Telephone: (910) 486-1520<lb />Fax: (910) 486-1312<lb />Bobby@Lib1 .uncfsu.edu<lb /><lb />COMMUNITY ano JUNIOR<lb />COLLEGE SECTION<lb />Carol Freeman<lb />Forsyth Technical Comm. Col.<lb />2100 Silas Creek Parkway<lb />Winston-Salem, NC 27103<lb /><lb />Telephone: (336) 723-0371<lb />ext. 7291<lb />Fax: (336) 748-9395<lb /><lb />cfreeman@riscy.forsyth.tec.nc.us<lb /><lb />DOCUMENTS SECTION<lb />Mary Horton<lb />Z. Smith Reynolds Library<lb />Wake Forest University<lb />PO Box 7777<lb />Winston-Salem, NC 27109<lb />Telephone: (336) 758-5829<lb />Fax: (336) 758-5538<lb />hortonm@wfu.edu<lb /><lb />LIBRARY ADMINISTRATION anp<lb />MANAGEMENT SECTION<lb />Martha Davis<lb />Davidson County Comm. College<lb />PO Box 1287<lb />Lexington, NC 27293-1287<lb />Telephone: (336) 249-8186<lb />ext. 270<lb />mdavis@davidson.cc.nc.us<lb /><lb />NORTH CAROLINA ASSOCIATION OF<lb />SCHOOL LIBRARIANS<lb />Malinda Ratchford<lb />Gaston County Schools<lb />366 W. Garrison Blvd.<lb />Gastonia, NC 28052<lb />Telephone: (704) 866-6251<lb />Fax: (704) 866-6194<lb />Melinda_Ratchford@gaston.k1 2.nc.us<lb /><lb />Karen Gavigan<lb />1416 Manchester Lane<lb />Burlington, NC 27215<lb />kpwg@aol.com<lb /><lb />NORTH CAROLINA PUBLIC<lb />LIBRARY TRUSTEES ASSOCIATION<lb />Theron Bell<lb />P.O. Box 1059<lb />111 Cornelius Drive<lb />Robbins, NC 27325<lb />Telephone: (910) 948-3448<lb /><lb />PUBLIC LIBRARY SECTION<lb />John Zika<lb />Public Library of Charlotte &amp;<lb />Mecklenburg County<lb />North County Regional Library<lb />16500 Holly Crest Lane<lb />Huntersville, NC 28078<lb />Telephone: (704) 895-0616<lb />jzika@plcmc.lib.nc.us<lb /><lb />REFERENCE ano ADULT<lb /><lb />SERVICES SECTION<lb />Phillip Banks<lb />Asheville-Buncombe Library System<lb />67 Haywood Street<lb />Asheville, NC 28801-2834<lb />Telephone: (828) 255-5213<lb />pbanks@ncsl.dcr.state.nc.us<lb /><lb />RESOURCES ano TECHNICAL<lb />SERVICES SECTION<lb />Teresa L. McManus<lb />Charles W. Chestnut Library<lb />Fayetteville State University<lb />1200 Murchison Road<lb />Fayetteville, NC 28301-4298<lb />Telephone: (910) 486-14312<lb />tmcmanus@lib1 .uncfsu.edu<lb /><lb />ROUND TABLE CHAIRS<lb /><lb />NEW MEMBERS ROUND TABLE<lb />Marian Lindsay<lb />Guilford Middle School<lb />401 College Road<lb />Greensboro, NC 27410<lb />Telephone: (336) 316-5833<lb />Fax: (336) 316-5837<lb /><lb />NORTH CAROLINA LIBRARY<lb />PARAPROFESSIONAL ASSO.<lb />Frances Lampley<lb />Project Enlightenment<lb />501 S. Boylan Avenue<lb />Raleigh, NC 27603<lb /><lb />ROUND TABLE FOR ETHNIC<lb /><lb />MINORITY CONCERNS<lb />Robert Canida II<lb />Sampson-Livermore Library<lb />UNC-Pembroke<lb /><lb />PO Box 758<lb />Pembroke, NC 28372<lb />Telephone: (910) 521-6369<lb /><lb />canida@uncp.edu<lb /><lb />ROUND TABLE ON SPECIAL<lb />COLLECTIONS<lb />Kevin Cherry<lb />State Library of North Carolina<lb />4640 Mail Service Center<lb />Raleigh, NC 27699-4640<lb />Telephone: (919) 733-2570<lb /><lb />ROUND TABLE ON THE STATUS<lb /><lb />OF WOMEN IN LIBRARIANSHIP<lb />Laura Weigand<lb />Forsyth County Public Library<lb />660 W. Fifth Street<lb />Winston-Salem, NC 27101<lb />Telephone: (336) 727-2549<lb />|_weigand@forsyth.lib.nc.us<lb /><lb />TECHNOLOGY AND TRENDS<lb />ROUND TABLE<lb />Susan Smith<lb />Box 7777 Reynolda Station<lb />Wake Forest University<lb />Winston-Salem, NC 27109<lb />Telephone: (336) 758-5828<lb />Fax: (336) 758-8831<lb />smithss@wfu.edu<lb /><lb />NCLA<lb /><lb />North Carolina Library Association<lb /><lb />Fall 2000 " 99<lb /></p>
        <pb facs="00027371_0054" />
        <p>EDITORIAL STAFF<lb /><lb />Editor<lb />FRANCES BRYANT BRADBURN<lb />Instructional Technology<lb />NC Dept. of Public Instruction<lb />301 N. Wilmington Street<lb />Raleigh, NC 27601-2825<lb />(919) 715-1528<lb />(919) 733-4762 (FAX)<lb />fbradbur@dpi.state.nc.us<lb /><lb />Associate Editor<lb />ROSE SIMON<lb />Dale H. Gramley Library<lb />Salem College<lb />Winston-Salem, NC 27108<lb />(336) 917-5421<lb />simon@salem.edu<lb /><lb />Associate Editor<lb />JOHN WELCH<lb />State Library of North Carolina<lb />4640 Mail Service Center<lb />Raleigh, NC 27699-4640<lb />(919) 733-2570<lb />jwelch@library.dcr.state.nc.us<lb /><lb />Book Review Editor<lb />DOROTHY DAVIS HODDER<lb />New Hanover Co. Public Library<lb />201 Chestnut Street<lb />Wilmington, NC 28401<lb />(910) 772-7858<lb />dhodder@co.new-hanover.nc.us<lb /><lb />Lagniappe Editor<lb />PLUMMER ALSTON JONES, JR.<lb />Corriher-Linn-Black Library<lb />Catawba College<lb />2300 W. Innes Street<lb />Salisbury, NC 28144<lb />(704) 637-4449<lb />pajones@catawba.edu<lb /><lb />Indexer<lb />MICHAEL COTTER<lb />Joyner Library<lb />East Carolina University<lb />Greenville, NC 27858-4353<lb />(252) 328-0237<lb />cottermi@mail.ecu.edu<lb /><lb />Advertising Manager<lb />HARRY TUCHMAYER<lb />New Hanover Co. Public Library<lb />201 Chestnut Street<lb />Wilmington, NC 28401<lb />(910) 772-7857<lb /><lb />htuchmayer@co.new-hanover.nc.us<lb /><lb />Between Us Editor<lb />KEVIN CHERRY<lb />State Library of North Carolina<lb />4640 Mail Service Center<lb />Raleigh, NC 27699-4640<lb /><lb />(919) 733-2570<lb /><lb />ChildrenTs Services<lb />PAMELA STANDHART<lb />Public Library of Charlotte &amp; Mecklenburg<lb />Cornelius Branch Library<lb />21105 Catawba Avenue<lb />Cornelius, NC 28031<lb />(704) 655-9409<lb />pstandhart@plcmc.lib.nc.us<lb /><lb />College and University<lb />ARTEMIS KARES<lb />Joyner Library<lb />East Carolina University<lb />Greenville, NC 27858-4353<lb />(252) 328-2263<lb />karesa@mail.ecu.edu<lb /><lb />Community and Junior College<lb />LISA C. DRIVER<lb />Pitt Community College<lb />PO Drawer 7007<lb />Greenville, NC 27835-7007<lb />(252) 321-4357<lb /><lb />Idriver@pcc.pitt.cc.nc.us<lb /><lb />Documents<lb />MICHAEL VAN FOSSEN<lb />Reference Documents<lb />Davis Library CB #3912<lb />University of North Carolina<lb />Chapel Hill, NC 27599<lb />(919) 962-1151<lb />mike_vanfossen@unc.edu<lb /><lb />Library Administration and<lb />Management Section<lb />JOLINE EZZELL<lb />Perkins Library<lb />Duke University<lb />Durham, NC 27708-0175<lb />(919) 660-5925<lb />joline.ezzell@duke.edu<lb /><lb />New Members Round Table<lb />RHONDA FLORENCE<lb />Florence Elementary School<lb />High Point, NC 27265<lb />(336) 819-2120<lb />rholbroo@guilford.k12.nc.us<lb /><lb />N.C. Asso. of School Librarians<lb />DIANE KESSLER<lb />Durham Public Schools<lb />808 Bacon St.<lb />Durham, NC 27703<lb />(919) 560-2360<lb />kesslerd@bacon.durham.k1 2.nc.us<lb /><lb />North Carolina Library<lb />Paraprofessional Association<lb /><lb />SHARON NOLES<lb /><lb />Southeast Regional Library in Garner<lb />908 7th Avenue<lb /><lb />Garner, NC 27529<lb /><lb />(919) 894-8322<lb />snoles@co.wake.nc.us<lb /><lb />Public Library Section<lb /><lb />JOHN ZIKA<lb />Public Library of Charlotte &amp; Mecklenburg<lb /><lb />North County Regional Library<lb />16500 Holly Crest Lane<lb />Huntersville, NC 28078<lb /><lb />(704) 895-0616<lb />jzika@plcmc.lib.nc.us<lb /><lb />Reference/Adult Services<lb />SUZANNE WISE<lb />Belk Library<lb />Appalachian State University<lb />Boone, NC 28608<lb />(828) 262-2798<lb />wisems@appstate.edu<lb /><lb />Resources and Technical Services<lb />PAGE LIFE<lb />Davis Library CB#3914<lb />UNC-Chapel Hill<lb />Chapel Hill, NC 27514-8890<lb />(919) 962-0153<lb />page_life@unc.edu<lb /><lb />Round Table for Ethnic Minority Concerns<lb />BRIGITTE BLANTON<lb />Greensboro Public Library<lb />PO Box 3178<lb />Greensboro, NC 27402-3178<lb />(336) 373-2716<lb />ncs0921@interpath.com<lb /><lb />Round Table on Special Collections<lb />MEGAN MULDER<lb />Wake Forest University Library<lb />PO Box 7777 Reynolda Station<lb />Winston-Salem, NC 27109-7777<lb />(336) 758-5091<lb />mulder@wfu.edu<lb /><lb />Round Table on the Status of Women<lb />in Librarianship<lb /><lb />JOAN SHERIF<lb /><lb />Northwestern Regional Library<lb />111 North Front Street<lb /><lb />Elkin, NC 28621<lb /><lb />(336) 835-4894<lb />jsherif@ncsl.dcr.state.nc.us<lb /><lb />Technology and Trends<lb />DIANE KESTER<lb />Library Studies and Ed. Technology<lb />East Carolina University<lb />Greenville, NC 27858-4353<lb />(252) 328-4389<lb />Isddkest@eastnet.educ.ecu.edu<lb /><lb />Wired to the World Editor<lb />RALPH LEE SCOTT<lb />Joyner Library<lb />East Carolina University<lb />Greenville, NC 27858-4353<lb />(252) 328-0265<lb />scottr@mail.ecu.edu<lb /><lb />96 " Fall 2000<lb /><lb />North Carolina Libraries<lb /><lb /></p>
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          <lb />
          <lb />Not Afraid of Flavor<lb /><lb />Recipes from Magnolia Grill<lb /><lb />BEN AND KAREN BARKER<lb /><lb />Ben Barker: Best Chef in the Southeast,<lb />James Beard Foundation<lb /><lb />Karen Barker: Best Pastry Chef, Bon Appétit<lb />The Barkers share recipes for the bold, imaginative cuisine<lb />served at their nationally acclaimed Durham restaurant.<lb /><lb />oBen and Karen Barker are the King and Queen of Flavor.�<lb />"Chef Emeril Lagasse<lb /><lb />7x11, 51 color / 41 b&amp;w illus. | -2585-9 Nov $29.95 cloth<lb />Aselection of The Good Cook (Book of the Month Club)<lb /><lb />This Is Where We Live<lb /><lb />Short Stories by 25 Contemporary<lb />North Carolina Writers<lb />MICHAEL MCFEE, EDITOR<lb /><lb />First-rate fiction, all published in the last decade, from a<lb />rising generation of short story authors.<lb /><lb />oWill be a treasured volume for many generations to come.�<lb />"Jill McCorkle<lb /><lb />-2583-2 Oct $29.95 cloth | -4895-6 Oct $16.95 paper<lb /><lb />Remembering Charlotte<lb />Postcards from a New South City, 1905-1950<lb />MARY KRATT AND MARY MANNING BOYER<lb /><lb />Journey back in time with this stunning collection of<lb />period postcards and discover the fascinating story of<lb />CharlotteTs past.<lb /><lb />10 X 9, 186 color / 41 b&amp;w illus.<lb />-2562-X $34.95 cloth | -4871-9 $24.95 paper<lb /><lb />This Astounding Close<lb /><lb />The Road to Bennett Place<lb /><lb />MARK L. BRADLEY<lb /><lb />The only full account of the final weeks of the Civil War<lb />in North Carolina.<lb /><lb />41 illus., 8 maps | -2565-4 $34.95 cloth<lb /><lb />Mary Aratt « Mary Manning Boyer<lb /><lb />ee THE<lb />~OL SECRET<lb />LIVES<lb /><lb />OF<lb />FISHERMEN<lb /><lb />WORE OUTDO,<lb />Ne<lb />s<lb /><lb />POSTCARDS FROM A NEW SOUTH CITY, 1905-1950<lb /><lb /><lb /><lb /><lb /><lb />Sars ay<lb /><lb />The Secret Lives of Fishermen<lb /><lb />More Outdoor Essays<lb />JIM DEAN<lb /><lb />oJim Dean is warmhearted and wise"and often hilarious<lb /><lb />"about people with a passion for fishing. . .. You couldnTt<lb />ask for a more amiable fishing companion in print.� "Nick<lb />Lyons, author of Confessions of a Fly-Fishing Addict<lb /><lb />-2580-8 $24.95 cloth<lb /><lb />Buncombe Bob<lb />The Life and Times of Robert Rice Reynolds<lb /><lb />JULIAN M. PLEASANTS<lb />Former U.S. Senator Robert Reynolds (1933-1945) was one<lb /><lb />of North CarolinaTs most colorful and controversial politicians.<lb /><lb />This compelling biography rescues him from his cartoon-<lb />character reputation.<lb />-5064-0 Dec $34.95 cloth<lb /><lb />A Tree Accurst<lb />Bobby McMillon and Stories of Frankie Silver<lb />DANIEL W. PATTERSON<lb /><lb />Exploring the interplay between folklore and history, this book<lb /><lb />examines the continuing grip of the famous 1830s case of a<lb /><lb />young woman convicted and hung for killing her husband with<lb /><lb />an axe and burning his body in their N.C. mountain home.<lb />24 illus. | -2564-6 $49.95 cloth | -4873-5 $18.95 paper<lb /><lb />Native Orchids of the Southern<lb /><lb />Appalachian Mountains<lb /><lb />STANLEY L. BENTLEY<lb /><lb />A beautifully illustrated guidebook based on the authorTs<lb />25 years of studying and photographing orchids. Included<lb />are 52 species found across the five-state region.<lb /><lb />119 color photographs, 57 range maps<lb />-2563-8 $39.95 cloth | -4872-7 $24.95 paper<lb /><lb />CALL FOR A FREE CATALOG!<lb /><lb />THE UNIVERSITY OF NORTH CAROLINA PRESS<lb /><lb />publishing excellence since 1922 | phone [800] 848-6224 | fax[800] 272-6817 | www.uncpress.unc.edu<lb /><lb />isbn prefix 0-8078<lb /><lb />"" nen = as<lb /></p>
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          <lb />~<lb /><lb />Upcoming Issues<lb /><lb />Winter 2000 Research and Librarianship<lb />Margaret Foote, Guest Editor<lb /><lb />Spring 2001 The Call of Story<lb />Spring 2001 YA Services<lb /><lb />Summer 2001 Sports &amp; Recreation<lb />Suzanne Wise, Guest Editor<lb /><lb />Fall 2001 Legislative Issues<lb /><lb />Winter 2001 Conference Issue<lb /><lb />Spring 2002 North Carolina Publishers<lb /><lb />Unsolicited articles dealing with the above themes or any issue of interest to North Carolina<lb />librarians are welcomed. Please contact the editor for manuscript guidelines and deadlines.<lb /><lb />North Carolina Libraries, published four times a year, is the official publication of the North<lb />Carolina Library Association. Membership dues include a subscription to North Carolina<lb />Libraries. Membership information may be obtained from the Administrative Assistant of<lb />NCLA. Subscription rates are $32.00 per year, or $10.00 per issue, for domestic<lb />subscriptions; $50.00 per year, or $15.00 per issue, for foreign subscriptions. Backfiles are<lb />maintained by the editor. Microfilm copies are available through University Microfilms.<lb />North Carolina Libraries is indexed by Library Literature and publishes its own annual index.<lb />Editorial correspondence should be addressed to the editor; advertisement<lb />correspondence should be addressed to the advertising manager. Articles are juried.<lb /></p>
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