All quotation marks retained as data.
All end-of-line hyphens have been removed, and the trailing part of a word has been joined to the preceding line.
All smart quotes have been converted into straight quotes.
[This text is machine generated and may contain errors.]
North Carolina Libraries
SLURS Provides
You a Pearl
in Kwery
Not every oyster produces a pearl. You could look through
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research can be like trying to find a pearl in a sea full of oysters.
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At SIRS, we believe itTs whatTs inside that counts. So all the
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SIRS provides you a pearl in every oyster. For a 60-day
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Volume 92, Number 1
ISSN 0029-2540
ea) AST AT oY)
SVE )
oo aad re | ci j
|
APR 20 1094
Y - PERIODICALS
ORT sar a
8 EAST CAROLINA UNIVERSITY
ROLINA
®
DRARIES
eu |= PRESERVATION
Guest Editor, Marcella Grendler
Spring 1994
Reconceptualizing Preservation, Benjamin F. Speller, Jr.
Build It and They Will Come: Libraries and Disaster Preparedness,
Harlan Greene
Oo NW
Taming the Chimera: Preservation in a Public Library, Pat Ryckman
10 North Carolina and Paper Preservation: Ninety Years of Leadership,
David Olson
17 SPECIAL PULL-OUT SECTION:
A Preservation Primer and Resource Guide for North Carolina Librarians
cppmpsmmmmermma 07 RS Ra empresa
yp?
From the President
14 Point: Where Have All the Thirkells Gone? , Margaret Miles
1 5 Counter Point: Why Let the Dust Settle? Harry Tuchmayer
16 Wired to the World, Ralph Lee Scott
2 2 North Carolina Books
29 Lagniappe: A Sumptuous Salmagundi: The North Carolina Literary Review
Plummer Alston Jones, Jr.
30. NCLA Minutes
33 About the Authors
Advertisers: Book Wholesalers, 35;
Checkpoint, 33; Current Editions, 32;
EBSCO, 12; Mumford Books, 27;
Newsbank, 21; Quality Books, 2;
SIRS, front cover;
Southeastern Microfilm, 9;
VTLS 28; UNC Press, back cover.
Cover: Used with permission from the Special Collections of the National Agriculture Library,
Washington, D.C.
1ST North Carolina Libraries is electronically produced. Art direction and design by Pat Weathersbee of TeamMedia, Greenville, NC.
From the President
Gwen Jackson, President
Since ograduating� to the presidency of
the North Carolina Library Association
on October 22, 1993, several oC� words
have loomed on my horizon. Among
them, and perhaps one of the most
important, is celebrate.
According to WebsterTs Third New
International Dictionary celebrate means
oto demonstrate grateful and happy
satisfaction in an event by engaging in
festivities, indulgence, merrymaking , or
other similar deviation from accustomed
routine; to proclaim or broadcast for the
attention of a wide public; to portray
with a high valuation and usually in
enhanced or exalted interpretation in a
way to contribute to public awareness,
edification, or enjoyment.�
The North Carolina Library Associa-
tion celebrates its ninetieth birthday this
spring! On May 14, 1904, seven librarians
met in Greensboro and founded our
state association. Articles in the fiftieth
anniversary issue of North Carolina
Libraries (Spring 1992) provided the
history of libraries in North Carolina and
offer an excellent opportunity to reexam-
ine oour roots.� From these early begin-
nings ninety years ago, libraries in North
Carolina have become specialized; but we
all began with a single mission " to
make information available.
Over 1700 of us had an opportunity to
celebrate libraries at the fiftieth North
Carolina Library Association Conference in
October 1993. We celebrated as librarians
and library supporters all having common
interests and concerns in our chosen
profession " not as academic, public,
school or special library types.
As library supporters " staff, trustees
and friends " we have many things to
celebrate. I challenge (another of my oC�
words) you to take a few minutes and
reflect on your day. Did you note:
e the relieved expression on a patronTs
face when you were able to provide
needed information?
e the feeling of excitement as you
suggested a special book to a patron?
Bringing You the
World of Small Press and Video
e Annotations Services
2 " Spring 1994
e 1500 Presses
e All in Stock
e the relief you and a colleague experi-
enced as a technical problem was solved?
e the thrill of making the budget stretch?
e the joy of having a ~goodT day?
Any one of these opportunities to
celebrate can happen to you. Our
individual celebrations often come in
small sizes at no cost.
My goal for the 1993-95 biennium is
to strengthen the association by each of
us making a personal commitment to the
profession of librarianship. Look for ways
to collaborate and work with other
libraries in your own community. Make
opportunities to visit the other types of
libraries in your area to see ofirst hand�
what services are offered. Strengthening
our profession begins at home. These
goals are not new. Our priorities for the
past biennium were based on networking
across all types of libraries and marketing
our profession. We are continuing the
good work that has been going on in the
North Carolina Library Association.
Celebrate libraries every day!
© 7000 Titles
e Adult Non-Fiction
e Preview/Approval Plans
e Electronic Ordering
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Joun Hiccins, SALES REPRESENTATIVE
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North Carolina Libraries
Reconceptualizing Preservation
any librarians believe that
preservation means only
saving the significant
records of the past. Few,
especially school and pub-
lic librarians, have such
records in their care. So it is understandable
if they pay little attention to or view preser-
vation as irrelevant. The misperception dates
from preservationTs emergence as a major
issue over thirty years ago and, strangely
enough, from its success.
Preservation began asa research library
and archival concern. Two problems, pre-
serving the intellectual content of millions
of embrittled works and the conservation
of items with artifactual value, dominated
research and action agendas of the sixties,
seventies, and eighties. They formed the
popular image of preservation. The most
successful publicity efforts " the film Slow
Fires, for example " dealt with the poten-
tial loss of those records significant for the
history of mankind.! The prospect of losing
the past captured public attention and loos-
ened funding agency purse strings. What
began as mainly a United States effort to
save the contents of research repositories is
now an international undertaking.� For
many in the library community, this noble
endeavor is preservation.
This partial image is unfortunate, be-
cause the range of issues now addressed
under the rubric of preservation is vital to
all librarians both on the job and as tax-
Paying citizens. No longer focused solely
on the enduring records of civilization,
the fieldTs content and usefulness has ex-
panded enormously in recent years. Now
preservation is both a management strat-
egy and a program of care that enables all
Material to live out a useful life span,
whether a Harlequin romance, a commer-
cially released video, or a folder of Civil
War letters. Preservation properly encom-
passes everything from air conditioning
North Carolina Libraries
by Benjamin F. Speller, Jr.
systems to the use of post-it notes in books.
It is both salvation techniques for
civilizationTs enduring records and pru-
dent, cost-conscious resource management
that uses a libraryTs budget as effectively as
possible. Who among us can do without a
disaster plan; can afford to bind materials
badly; can let pests or mold destroy a
collection; can afford to shorten collec-
tion life by bad repair materials and tech-
niques? No one, of course.
Both definitions of preservation are
relevant for North
Carolina repositories.
Most that hold records
of lasting value have
established, or are
struggling to establish,
programs that address
Figure 1
vation in public libraries and a preserva-
tion resource guide address the broader
definition of preservation in this issue.
The world of information changes rap-
idly, and we are facing yet another
conceptualization of preservation that in-
creasingly will inform our planning and
management. Historically, decisions relat-
ing to preservation of documentary materi-
als have been made long after the informa-
tion has been printed or recorded. (See
Figure 1.) Now we are in a period of rapid
Traditional Resource Use Model
Collection Development
those needs. State Ar-
chivist David Olson
Identification
assesses North |
Evaluation
he
CarolinaTs achieve-
ments on behalf of en-
during paper records
elsewhere in this is-
sue. Preservation as a
sound management
strategy concerns ev-
eryone, but is much
more difficult to osell�
and implement. State
and regional organi-
zations, however,
have begun to deal
with these issues in
recent years, especially
through low-cost edu-
cational packages and
publications that
bring preservation to
non-reseatch libraries
in ways that were not
possible a decade ago.
Articles on disaster
planning and preser-
Intellectual content
Select Materials
Organization and storage
of materials
Collection maintenance
Deteriorating materials
Replacement or removal
Preservation
| Enduring value
eer e|
a
| envionment conditions
Spring 1994 " 3
development of new technologies for re-
cording and retrieving information in for-
mats, mainly electronic, that are inherently
unstable. The appraisal decisions on what
should be saved over the long term increas-
ingly will need to be made up front when
knowledge is created. The process is intel-
lectually identical to the assessment that
Reconceptualization of
preservation is necessary
because technological
advances have made it
possible to create records
in quantities and qualities
that can overwhelm the
information management
professions completely.
archivists and librarians now make many
years after the workTs creation.
Reconceptualization of preservation
is necessary because technological ad-
vances have made it possible to create
records in quantities and qualities
that can overwhelm the informa-
tion management professions com-
pletely. From the perspective of
effective resources exploitation,?
the most challenging issue, accord-
ing to Patricia Battin, President of
the Commission on Preservation
and Access, is dealing with rapidly
produced and reproduced repre-
sentations of human creativity ina
time of shrinking financial re-
sources and space to control and
maintain properly an appropriate
physical environment for records
of these efforts.4
Decisions on selecting infor-
mation of enduring value and es-
tablishing preservation priorities
are becoming very difficult for in-
formation management profes-
sionals. As a result of electronic
technological developments, data
can be manipulated and analyzed
with such ease that the conceptual
framework for analyzing the re-
search value of any collection of
recorded knowledge needs to be
restated. Essentially, information
PRESERVATION
Figure 2
Resource Exploitation Model
proliferation of new records formats, and
an explosion in the definition of what
constitutes meaningful information.
Moving preservation decisions up
front provides a way of dealing with this
complexity. (See Figure 2.) Information
management professionals now are being
encouraged to join with the creators of
new knowledge to assess what is of
enduring value so that the storage me-
dium can be selected based on its life
expectancy as well as how it can be used
and manipulated.
Conceptually, what is of enduring
value from the perspective of intellec-
tual content is at significant variance
with the life expectancy of the storage
medium. Information managers from
all professions need to separate issues
relating to preservation of intellectual
content from the concerns about the
format in which records are produced
and maintained. Given the need to
provide a more realistic resources ex-
ploitation process within the frame-
work of knowledge creation and preser-
vation, the following basic principles
for defining the distinction between
enduring value and the life expectancy
of the recording medium are useful.
1. Preservation and all other aspects of
information management are interde-
pendent. Preservation cannot be con-
PRESERVATION
Collection Development
medium
Organization and storage of materials
Identification of materials
Evaluation of intellectual content
Enduring Life expectancy Environmental
value of the storage condition
Select materials
Collection maintenance
Deteriorating materials
Removal
sidered in isolation from current infor-
mation needs and future custodial re-
sponsibility.
. When materials are deemed of enduring
value beyond normal information use,
appropriate environment and ongoing
maintenance should be given prime
consideration. At this point the highly
political concept of responsible cus-
tody should move to the forefront.
Finding the best repositories to pre-
serve the knowledge of enduring value
to society should take precedence over
all other considerations.
. Universal representation of societyTs
efforts should be a primary concern in
all collection development programs.
Information managers from all profes-
sions should work together to see that
broad representation of the universe of
documentation of societyTs achieve-
ments and efforts remains viable for
future knowledge creation.
. Because modern societyTs efforts and
achievements are documented in pub-
lished and unpublished records in a
variety of media, information manage-
ment professions must work together
to coordinate the full range of deci-
sions about collection development and
maintenance so that knowledge is pre-
served as an integrated whole.
The integration of technologies and
other global structural changes in society
has resulted in the convergence of the
information management
professions. In addition, the
need for effective resource ex-
ploitation also has resulted in
the emergence of preservation
of knowledge as a major pub-
lic policy issue in a democratic
society. Indeed, all informa-
tion professionals now are
faced with a new formulation
of the old problem of what
should survive indefinitely,
and in what format. Major
resource allocators who pro-
vide support to these profes-
sionsT missions increasingly
expect that preservation "en-
during value and life expect-
ancy of recorded medium "
will be given careful consider-
ation at the beginning of the
communication process.
As a means of ensuring
vital state and national infor-
mation, reconceptualizing
preservation as effective re-
source exploitation should be
NOILVAYAS Id
Replacement
a major focus of public policy.
The public information re-
|
management professionals now are
faced with exponential growth in
the volume of collections, rapid
4 " Spring 1994
Archives
= =
Acquistions
source policy should be
undergirded by three issues: (1)
materials as intellectual con-
North Carolina Libraries
tent; (2) intellectual access across geographi-
cal boundaries; and (3) implementation of
a preservation process. A major current
focus that should be put aside when consid-
ering enduring value of intellectual con-
tent is conservation of the recording format
itself. There is a distinct difference between
intellectual content and recording format.
The recording format in many cases now is
considered as importantas intellectual con-
tent. We need astate, national, and interna-
tional information policy that removes the
current preservation focus from the materi-
als themselves to recorded information or
at least to recorded knowledge.
Information managers and resource
allocators need to develop an international
mechanism that offers an approach to
electronic records management that can
be applied commonly across all govern-
mental and geographical boundaries. This
mechanism should institutionalize a pro-
cess of inventory management that en-
sures that preserved information is always
stored in ways that are accessible by cur-
rent technology.
Another set of major public policy is-
sues surrounding the reconceptualization
of preservation relates to control of intellec-
tual property and fair treatment of copy-
tight holders and users. Indeed, putting
preservation at the front end of the schol-
arly communication process and consider-
ing the enduring value of recorded infor-
mation for the common good of the pub-
lic may eventually lead to its definition as
real property. As real property, informa-
tion would be considered from the per-
spective of the greater public good, thus
putting it under the law of eminent do-
main. For example, a governmental entity
could decide that existing, privately held
intellectual property should be declared
public information for the common good
of future generations. In this instance, the
decision would be that the privately held
... responsible information
managers ... must consider
Preservation as a continuum
from the beginning of the
scholarly communication
process until the
determination of the
enduring value of the
resulting knowledge.
North Carolina Libraries
intellectual property should be preserved
for future access without restrictions. At its
discretion, the governmental entity would
determine fair market value and compen-
sate the private holders or owners of the
intellectual property at its discretion.
This conceptualization of preservation,
accelerated by the proliferation of elec-
tronic media, is not yet widely understood,
let alone implemented. Yet, some progress
is evident. Archival, library science, and
information science literature offer ex-
amples of professional organizations and
associations seeking common conceptual
frameworks for the new developments in
knowledge storage and retrieval.°
North CarolinaTs first attempt to define
current and future preservation issues and
activities is recorded in A Long and Happy
Life: Library and Records Preservation in North
Carolina, the report of the North Carolina
Preservation Consortium (NCPC).T� There
librarians, archivists, and other informa-
tion managers throughout the state con-
ceptualize preservation as the sum total of
activities undertaken to keep informational
materials intact and accessible for use for
the period of time they are needed. For
NCPC, preservation is a significant public
policy issue, since keepers and curators have
a public trust to make recorded knowledge
and information accessible for use as long
as possible, in the best possible condition,
by cost-effective methods.® This implies
that responsible information managers "
academic, public, school, and special librar-
ians; archivists; records managers; informa-
tion systems specialists; data administra-
tors; and others " must consider preserva-
tion as a continuum from the beginning of
the scholarly communication process until
the determination of the enduring value of
the resulting knowledge.
North Carolina is ahead of many states
in its definition of preservation as both a
public policy issue and a managed pro-
gram of care calibrated to the useful life
span of all materials. The definition,
however, is only a beginning; many
strategies and programs remain to be
established. A reconceptualized preser-
vation policy, with longevity concerns
addressed at document creation, now is
implemented formally only for certain
state documents and university press
monographs: i.e., they are published
on permanent paper. Most other media
used to document the stateTs recorded
knowledge, especially rapidly prolifer-
ating electronic resources, have no clear
preservation responsibility assigned,
and preservation concerns do not yet
inform their creation and maintenance.
We have begun to preserve the signifi-
cant past that already fills our reposito-
ries, but work remains to be done; and
both the past and present continue to
arrive at loading docks and mail rooms in
ever-increasing quantities. The usefulness
of preservation to non-research reposito-
ries requires both further publicity and
expanded programs for implementation.
How are we going to cope? National
and international preservation strategies
are most successful when they break up
enormous problems into manageable seg-
ments and address them in priority order.
They are most successful when concerned
professionals collaborate on devising so-
lutions, and each agrees to take on a por-
tion of the responsibility for implementa-
tion. Hundreds of organizations and indi-
viduals across the state cooperated in the
assessment that culminated in A Long and
Happy Life. Itis time to move on to the next
stage of collaboration.
References
1 Slow Fires: On the Preservation of the
Human Record (Santa Monica, Cal.: Ameri-
can Film Foundation, 1987).
2 Preserving the Intellectual Heritage: A
Report of the Bellagio Conference, June 7-10,
1993 (Washington, D.C.: The Commis-
sion on Preservation and Access, 1993).
3 Due to significant global structural
changes in society and the impact that
these developments have and will con-
tinue to have on resource allocation, the
concept of resource exploitation is used
here to focus on the fact that resources are
inevitably overused, even to the point of
collapse or extinction. A discussion of re-
sources exploitation from a scientific per-
spective is presented by Donald Ludwig,
Ray Hilborn, and Carl Walters, oUncer-
tainty, Resources Exploitation, and Con-
servation: Lessons from History,� Science
260 (April 2, 1993): 17, 36.
4 Alphonse F. Trezza, ed., Issues for the
New Decade: TodayTs Challenge, TomorrowTs
Opportunity (Boston: G. K. Hall, 1992), 9.
5 An in-depth discussion of the con-
ceptual issues relating to enduring value
and life expectancy is presented in oThe
Preservation of Archival Materials: a Report
of the Task Forces on Archival Selection of
the Commission on Preservation and Ac-
cess,� The Commission on Preservation and
Access Newsletter, 56 (May 1993): 2-S.
6 Special Section, oArchives and Elec-
tronic Records,� Bulletin of the American
Society for Information Science, 20 (October/
November 1993): 9-20.
7 A Long and Happy Life: Library and
Records Preservation in North Carolina.
Durham, NC: North Carolina Preserva-
tion Consortium, 1991.
8 Benjamin F. Speller, oExecutive Sum-
mary of North Carolina Preservation
ConsortiumTs Preservation Plan for North
Carolina,� November 6, 1991, p. 1.
Spring 1994 " 2
Build It And They Will Come:
Libraries and Disaster Preparedness
he telephone rings in the dark.
As you reach to answer it, you
see that your bedside clock
reads 3:30 A.M. An unfamiliar
voice tells you that the build-
ing next to your library is on
fire. The caller wants to know what to save
in the few minutes before the library roof
ignites.
What do you do?
A. Roll over and go back to sleep
assuming it is all a bad dream?
B. Make a hasty decision that will
affect you, yourinstitution and
your colleagues for a long time
to come?
Or:
C. Reach for your disaster plan,
tell the caller what the plan
recommends saving in priority
order, make a phone call to
summon your recovery team,
and proceed to the library?
Faced with such a scenario, all of us,
no doubt, would wish that it were just a
bad dream. But statistics in North Carolina
show that, unfortunately, it is more likely
to be answer oB.� North Carolina libraries
are experiencing more and more disasters,
ranging from major floods, hurricanes,
and fires to smaller man-made ones such
as acts of vandalism, weekend plumbing
leaks, surprises in bookdrops, or mold
blooming in summer-closed school librar-
ies. Most North Carolina libraries have not
prepared an alternative oC�; they have
failed to develop a plan to deal with the
complex, costly, and confusing issues that
arise in a disaster. Why so?
It may be that library directors, school
administrators, and other resource
allocators think that a disaster could never
happen in their library, or they do not
realize the value of a disaster plan as a
management tool. Some believe that, if hit
by a disaster, they and their staff instinc-
6 " Spring 1994
by Harlan Greene
tively would know what to do, or that an
emergency procedures statement would
offer sufficient guidance. Still others may
admit that they need a disaster plan, but
never find the time and money to do it.
Whatever the reason, the results are the
same: libraries will suffer, lose, and pay
more if they do not havea plan for disaster
preparedness and recovery.
Perhaps if librarians better understood
whata versatile management toola disaster
plan can be, it would be more competitive
for staff time and attention. A disaster plan
tells more than how to salvage damaged
materials. Because it is based on a diagnosis
of the libraryTs particular situation, it can
prevent damage from happening in the
first place. Obvious physical threats to the
collection and bad practices are often iden-
tified and corrected in the course of plan-
ning at little or no cost. The assessment
that the staff makes also is a valuable
tool for persuading resource allocators
that policy changes and improvements
in the facility are needed, even if they
cost money. And because disaster plan-
ning involves all levels in the library, it
can bring out hidden talents in staff
and result in team building. Couple
this with the fact that disaster plan-
ning will save an institution time and
money in a crisis, and the arguments
for it are compelling.
How difficult and time-consuming is
it? Disaster planning takes a moderate, not
amajor amount of time and staff resources.
It often codifies practices that have been
pursued on an ad hoc or occasional basis.
At a minimum, a library can prepare its
own disaster manual using one of the
planning aids listed in the special pull-out
Primer and Resource Guide in this issue.
Hiring a consultant to help in planning
may be an option for better-endowed li-
braries. Most, however, find it more pro-
ductive and cost-effective to send one or
two staff members to a disaster planning
and/or recovery workshop sponsored by
national, regional, or state organizations
(consult the Resource Guide for more in-
formation). These frequently are subsi-
dized to keep the cost as low as possible.
Participants get the guidance they need to
assess their libraryTs strengths and weak-
nesses, a profile of responses to disasters
large and small, and guidance in assem-
bling resources ranging from locally pur-
chased supplies to national firms special-
izing in disaster response. The product is a
manual, usually loose-leaf, that easily can
be updated and replicated in many copies
for distribution to staff members to keep at
home and work.
Hands-on training in disaster recov-
ery is particularly valuable. A combination
of lectures and hands-on practice teaches
... the higher the
technological format,
the slimmer the chance
of recovery.
staff members how to deal with materials
under conditions that replicate a water-
related disaster. They learn not only how
to handle, pack, and control materials
ranging from damp to soaking wet, but
also which materials demand attention
first and what the likely outcomes of dam-
age to each type of material will be. For
example, clay-coated or shiny papers such
as those used in art books will fuse into an
irreparable lump if allowed to remain wet
for over four hours, while most other books
demand attention within twenty-four to
North Carolina Libraries
forty-eight hours. And the higher the tech-
nological format, the slimmer the chance
of recovery. A book is usually easier to save
than a computer tape or disc.
Whether staff work alone or in con-
junction with a consultant or a workshop,
they will address a similar package of is-
sues when putting together a disaster plan.
The process always includes a survey of
current conditions to see where the haz-
ards are. Staff examine the building from
the outside in and from top to bottom.
Librarians are used to seeing buildings
only from the parking lot, and only during
working hours. They also should see what
goes on nights and weekends. Employees
walk around the premises to see if any
wood is rotting, if bricks are loose, if shrub-
bery is climbing the walls, or if vents are
uncovered. Neighbors need to be looked
over to determine what hazards they pose.
If the building next doorisa fire hazard, or
if the office above the libraryTs computer
room has a 100-gallon fish tank, their
problems may soon be the libraryTs.
An interior inspection is just as vital.
Staff must check everywhere: basements,
attics, closets, and machinery and air con-
ditioning rooms. These off-limits areas
often hold trash, old boxes, even combus-
tibles. The search should include a trip to
the roof to look for standing water, plugged
drains and gutters, or loose roofing mate-
tials. Even familiar offices and stacks de-
serve attention. Plants and coffee cups
bring liquids next to computer equipment
and vital paper records. In the stacks, book
shelves may not be bolted to floors, entic-
ing vandals to play a game like dominoes;
and poorly loaded book trucks can result
in spills that severely damage books.
Facilities management policies are
another aspect of the current conditions
survey. Do all staff members know how to
turn off water, electricity, or gas? Do they
know who has keys to which areas, how to
get them, or who to contact in an emer-
gency? Are the right kinds of fire extin-
guishers placed throughout the library?
Does the computer area, for instance, have
an extinguisher which will not damage
equipment with water or corrosive resi-
due? Is computer data regularly backed up
and stored offsite? Is there a policy on
trash removal, locking up at night, and
unplugging heaters or fans and coffee pots?
Do staff supervise repairmen closely? They
should; statistics show that contractorsT
Operations such as welding or roof repair
are major causes of library damage.
Once current library conditions and
policies are surveyed, the information
gained will suggest taking precautions
against the most likely disasters. For ex-
ample, if a library is housed in a wooden
Structure with no smoke detection or sup-
North Carolina Libraries
pression systems, the staff may want to
investigate installing such systems, or at
least inviting the local fire department in
for a tour and advice. Those institutions
located in a flood plain or in basements
should take steps against flooding. School
libraries that are closed over the summer
may need extra surveillance to make sure
that air is circulating sufficiently and that
humidity levels are within a safe range.
Libraries near the coast are especially vul-
nerable to hurricanes: they need to stock-
pile plywood to cover windows, plastic
sheets to cover ranges, generators, and
buckets to catch water before hurricane
season comes.
Clearly, disaster preparedness flows
into disaster response. The two issues merge
in salvage priorities, a ranked list of the
libraryTs most valuable assets. Much
thought and discussion are appropriate at
this point, for it is difficult to think clearly
in a time of crisis.
The staff sometimes believes that the
most expensive objects are the libraryTs
most valuable. One rare book library with a
first edition of Audubon insured at over a
million dollars thinks differently, however,
because the work is insured and there are
other copies in the world. Its own financial
records, with lists of donors and members
and employee information are a higher
priority. Saving such material will allow the
library to conform with federal mandates
and enable it to set up in obusiness� and
remain fiscally sound after a disaster.
The libraryTs mission offers a way of
helping to make difficult choices. What was
the library founded for? Who are its main
supporters and patrons? If the library exists
mainly to support an undergraduate pro-
gram, staff may decide that general collec-
tions are more important to the institution
than special collections. A public library
with a strong local history collection may
decide, however, that rare materials are its
top priority. Often overlooked, but criti-
cally important, is the library's shelf list;
where intellectual control of the collection
and documentation of insurance losses is a
high priority, the shelf list belongs at or
near the top of the rescue list.
Every department ranks its records and
materials by their importance to the libraryTs
mission; it is then usually up to the director
to put those in priority order. The process of
ranking often inspires a library to copy and
store off-site some of those records deter-
mined to be vital, thus removing them
from danger in the first place and assuring
their survival. Even though prioritization is
difficult, it avoids the worst-case scenario:
employees rescue replaceable material like
National Geographic magazines while in-
valuable records perish.
A prioritized list of assets is only one set
of information recorded in the Disaster
Manual which is the product of planning.
The book should be handy at the library,
and copies should be at the home or in the
cars of key personnel, so that it is always
available. The manual, usually loose-leaf
(to allow for changes and easy photocopy-
ing) and in a water-resistant binder, should
include vital information but should not be
so overloaded as to make its use difficult.
Typically, it contains a section of emer-
gency phone numbers (work and home) of
staff and others, such as people who control
building access; plumbers, electricians, and
insurance agents; as well as information on
what to do immediately in the case of flood,
fire, or other emergency. Crucial informa-
tion such as the location of the main elec-
trical, water, and gas turn-offs belongs here,
preferably keyed to a map.
The manual also should contain guide-
lines about how to handle, pack, and move
damaged materials, as well as information on
where help and materials can be found. This
ranges from the libraryTs own cache of disaster
response supplies to a list of national firms
who, fora fee, offer help in major disasters (see
the Primer and Resource Guide). The manual
should include information about the
libraryTs insurance coverage, if any.
A major disaster clearly calls for pro-
fessional outside help. Most disasters are
small to moderate in size, however, and
must be faced by employees with the
libraryTs own resources or the help avail-
able from state or regional preservation
organizations (see Primer and Resource
Guide). And unfortunately, there is no
foolproof disaster plan. Unforeseen things
will always happen, and it does not pay to
try to devise a response to every possible
situation. That would bog down planning,
and make an overly bulky and complex
manual. Every disaster plan has to be re-
vised regularly as circumstances change,
collections are shifted, and employees
come and go. Writing the plan is the
middle, not the end, of the project; the
learning that the staff undergoes while
planning should be integrated not only
into the pages of the disaster manual, but
also into the libraryTs own operations.
It may be difficult to put into practice
all the wisdom gained in planning. But a
positive aspect of disaster planning is that
it is not an oall or nothing� process. Every
step taken " whether cleaning drains,
replacing old extension cords, raising books
off the floor, stockpiling disaster supplies,
or knowing where the utility cut-offs are
" has a good effect and is a step in the
right direction. By comparison, failure to
plan actually increases a libraryTs chances
of sustaining costly damage. An ounce of
prevention is well worth a pound of cure:
that is the lesson of disaster preparedness.
Spring 1994 " 7
Taming the Chimera:
Preservation in a Public Library
by Pat Ryckman
he fire-breathing Chimera, a beast with the head of a
lion, the body ofa goat, and the tail of serpent, terrorized
the Lycian countryside. It took a goddess, a hero, and
another fantastic beast, Pegasus, to subdue it. Today,
many public libraries face another Chimera when deal-
ing with preservation issues "a tripartite monster made
up of lack of time, money and expertise. At the Public Library of
Charlotte and Mecklenburg County (PLCMC) we have no budget
for preservation, no trained archivist and, with the Main Library
open to serve the public seventy-four hours a week, very little time
to devote to preservation activities. Yet with an arsenal of afford-
able programs and activities, we have begun to tame the Chimera
and address our preservation concerns.
Why are public libraries concerned about preservation? Even
the tiniest public library holds unique materials, usually relating
to its communityTs local history. The 1992-93 edition of the
American Library Directory includes entries for 183 public libraries
in North Carolina. Of these, 107 claim special collections ranging
from local history and genealogy to oral history, pottery, and
even spiders. All of these materials (even the spiders, we suppose)
need to be protected from the environment, our patrons, and
ourselves to assure their survival for the long term.
At PLCMC, special collections including genealogy, local
history, photographs, maps, sound recordings, and manuscripts
are housed in the Robinson-Spangler Carolina Room. By segre-
gating these materials, we can offer them a little more protection
and control. It is clear, though, that preservation is not just the
concern of the special collections staff. Most Carolina Room
materials first must pass through the LibraryTs technical services
department for processing and cataloging. And it is desirable that
library materials in the general collections be handled in such a
way as to maximize their useful life.
Our first step in addressing the concerns about preservation
at PLCMC was to develop a plan
for preservation; to do that we
needed to understand our collec-
tion, its environment and use. A
preservation committee, formed in
1988, was charged to (1) survey the
collections, evaluate the needs in
each area, set system priorities, and
develop a proposed budget to meet
the needs; (2) examine and train/
retrain staff on current handling,
processing and in-house mending
practices, and make recommenda-
8 " Spring 1994
Education can provide the
highest returns for the lowest
cost of any preservation
activity a library might initiate.
tions to bring these practices into conformity with accepted
conservation principles; (3) develop staff training/workshop
opportunities that provide staff with professional conservation
and bindery expertise; (4) examine the libraryTs physical environ-
ments and make recommendations for their enhancement, if
necessary; and (5) prepare a disaster plan for the library system.
The work by this committee, made up of a cross section of public
service and technical service staff, did much to raise collective
awareness of preservation issues at PLCMC. Today, preservation
is not an isolated activity performed by one department, but a
philosophy that permeates our policies, procedures, and services.
Education can provide the highest returns for the lowest cost
of any preservation activity a library might initiate. Like Pogo,
oWe have met the enemy, and it is us.� The PLCMC collection
abounds in examples of mistreatment by both staff and the
public. Over the years, we librarians have stamped, taped, la-
beled, bound, and rebound materials with good intentions but
sad results. Our patrons have dog-eared, torn, inked, and mis-
treated the collection in even more creative ways, but they are
often unaware of the harm they have done.
Education is the answer. Each new Carolina Room staffer
receives orientation and training that emphasize our preserva-
tion goals. Each new staff member views a videotape, Use or Abuse:
The Role of Staff and Patrons in Maintaining General Library Collec-
tions, a 24-minute introduction to good housekeeping practices,
including shelf maintenance, loading book trucks, and safe
handling of materials. Each newcomer also receives a checklist,
oReminders for Shelvers,� that encourages safe handling as part
of the initial training packet.
In Fall 1992, all three hundred employees of the library
system attended one of six mandatory sessions of oDonTt Drop
That Book!� a half-day training program that emphasized the
idea that everyone, no matter what his or her job title, handles
library materials and is responsible
for their safety. The presenters, Sha-
ron Bennett, Director of the Charles
ton Museum Library, and Harlan
Greene, Executive Director of the
North Carolina Preservation Con-
sortium, provided practical tips and
hands-on demonstrations of
proper care and handling of a wide
range of library materials.
SOLINETTs preservation field
service provides excellent work-
shops on a variety of preservation
North Carolina Libraries
i EU NETS
topics, but they can be expensive for some smaller libraries. There
is sometimes a way around that cost. As host for their May 1993
Book Repair Workshop, the library was allowed to send one staff
member free of charge, and the registration fee was waived in
consideration of our sweat equity in preparing for the workshop
and providing refreshments. This staff member is now prepared
to do a variety of simple repairs " recasing, tipping pages,
tightening hinges, mending tears " at a work area that has been
established on an available countertop. By handling these most
frequently needed treatments in-house, we not only save money,
but also are able to return items to the collection more quickly.
Educating the public to the preservation cause is a more
delicate matter. We obviously canTt require them to attend a
workshop or view a video. Instead, we try to develop their
appreciation of the issues in more subtle ways. Every tour is an
opportunity to mention preservation concerns; for example,
when pointing out the photocopier to a tour group, we mention
its oBook Edge� feature which can help prevent spine damage if
used correctly. A quick peek into our vault and a few words about
humidity, temperature, and acid will impress on the group our
own concern for preservation and encourage them to begin to
treat materials more carefully. Staff members approach pen-
wielding patrons and offer pencils in a non-judgmental but
informative way. A library-produced brochure, oCaring for Your
Photo Memories� gives tips on safeguarding family photographs.
We hope this information also will influence patronsT use of
library photographs. Patrons value the materials and want them
to be safe just as we do, but may not realize the destructiveness
of some of their own actions.
It is easy to see that preventative preservation measures can
save both money and time by helping to avoid costly corrective
procedures in the future. Pamphlets coming into the collection
routinely are placed in archival enclosures when judged to have
lasting value. A book with a paper, spiral, or other less than
satisfactory binding is sent to a commercial bindery for recasing
before being added to the collection. Archival donations arriving
in shoe boxes and milk crates are transferred to Hollinger boxes
to await processing.
The Carolina Room is responsible for a large image collection
" approximately seven thousand historic photographs and close
to ten million negatives. Our subject index to the photograph
collection includes oversized contact prints for researchers to
peruse to help reduce wear and tear on the originals. As we develop
computer databases for access to portions of this collection, we
have been experimenting with storing images on Photo CD.
The bulk of the negative collection (comprising the Charlotte
Observer negative files 1956-1989) currently is accessible only by
date. A project to provide a subject index simultaneously is
addressing preservation needs of the collection. As negatives are
identified, they are placed in individual mylar sleeves, and acid-
free envelopes and boxes. To date, fifteen thousand negatives
have been identified and transferred to safe storage. The nega-
tives project is undertaken entirely by volunteers. With Carolina
Room staff almost always tied to the reference desk, it would be
impossible to accomplish this labor-intensive task without our
volunteers. Each month they contribute an average of seventy
hours to the Carolina Room, and many of these hours involve
preservation activities.
Donations of large collections of papers can mean many
weeks of work for library staff to prepare the materials for
addition to the collection. Universities and museums sometimes
request an additional monetary gift to support this work. At
PLCMC we have been successful in involving the donors as
volunteers. In 1989, the Theatre Charlotte/Martha Akers collec-
tion arrived in the Carolina Room ready for use. Theatre volun-
North Carolina Libraries
a
teers, trained by library staff, had already completed organization
of the collection, including transferring the entire collection to
archival folders, files, and boxes provided by the library. Volun-
teers from the League of Women Voters, Charlotte Chapter,
currently are working on their organizational papers, which have
recently been donated.
Another strategy that can be successful is to take advantage
of the library school practicum programs. This year, a UNC-
Greensboro library science student completed processing the
Mary Howell Papers, including attending to their physical needs.
Funding preservation activities may seem daunting to public
libraries with so many other pressing needs. But if preservation
is considered an integral part of the library program rather than
a separate concern, the funding can be more readily available. At
PLCMC archival boxes, folders, and photograph sleeves all are
purchased through the regular supply budget. Training materials
and preservation workshop fees are covered under staff develop-
ment/continuing education funds. These monies are less suscep-
tible to the budget axe than a separate preservation line item
might be. The gift fund has proved a good source for special
conservation work on prized items in the collection. Donors
often are as happy to have their monetary gift used to preserve a
valuable item of local importance as they would be with a
purchase of new materials.
PLCMC has begun to address preservation needs through
education, creative use of limited funds and human resources,
and by learning to othink preservation� every day. Once preser-
vation thinking became imbedded in the libraryTs overall opera-
tion, the monster was tamed.
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¢ Microfilm, computer data, and paper imaging
¢ Statewide equipment maintenance
e ANSI, AIIM, & N.C. state standards
Authorized Dealer
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Call Toll Free - 1-800-532-0217
Spring 1994 " 9
North Carolina and Paper Preservation:
Ninety Years of Leadership
by David Olson
or a variety of historical and cultural reasons, the first
state archival and records programs in the nation were
in the southeastern United States. North CarolinaTs
program, initiated in 1903, was the third such effort,
after AlabamaTs and MississippiTs. This is most impres-
sive, considering that the National Archives was not
established until 1934, and then President Roosevelt appointed
North Carolinian R.D.W. Connor as the first Archivist of the
United States. Conner had been a founder of the North Carolina
program and, in 1907, its first employee and archivist for the
North Carolina Historical Commission.
Over the years North Carolina led the way in the develop-
ment of programs for the management and care of public records.
In spite of the two major wars fought on its soil, few public
records were lost or destroyed. Many northern states lost far more
records to winter fires, when furnaces and fireplaces wreaked
havoc on buildings and their contents. By contrast, the North
Carolina program began with most of the stateTs records intact.
Several milestones marked North CarolinaTs leadership in
preservation of and access to its records. North Carolina estab-
lished the first state records center in 1953, just four years after
the founding of its federal counterpart. Then, in 1959, the state
developed the nationTs first comprehensive program for county
records. Since that time, the Archives and Records Section (since
the seventies, the Division of Archives and History, Department
of Cultural Resources) has been able to transfer or microfilm
many county records of historical significance. All one hundred
counties have participated in this effort. While much must still
be done, North CarolinaTs county records have received more
archival attention than most states.
Microfilming began as early as 1941, under a contract between
the North Carolina State Archives and the Genealogical Society of
Utah. The Society has microfilmed county records in Raleigh for
most of the past fifty-two years, saving North Carolina taxpayers
millions of dollars. The state began its own microfilming program
in the early fifties as a way of helping to reduce the bulk associated
with increasingly voluminous records. With the establishment of
the county records program in 1959,
the state began microfilming those
with a preservation goal in mind.
Budget cuts in the 1980s made it
difficult for the Archives and Records
Section to maintain a program out-
side Raleigh. Currently, local gov-
ernments are either helping to fund
their own filming or sending the
records to Raleigh; limited field film-
ing is still being done in the western
part of the state.
10 " Spring 1994
From its earliest days, the North Carolina State Archives has
attempted to preserve original copies of its records according to
the highest technical standards. Archival supplies such as acid-
free boxes and folders have been used for years and, since 1949,
the Archives has had a conservation lab that has provided the
latest in records conservation techniques. Currently, this preser-
vation entails a variety of deacidification methods and an ultra-
sonic encapsulation service.
Such preservation measures are critical, not only because of
the acid in paper and the long-term effects of environment, but
also because of public use of the records. North Carolina has
consistently attained some of the highest public use statistics for
state records. Each year between fifteen and twenty thousand
researchers visit the Archives, and a like number send mail
requests. Most are undertaking family history, and the county
records transferred since the 1950s are of prime interest for this
kind of study. Such use takes its toll on paper, but also justifies
the commitment to preservation made by the State Archives.
North Carolina Newspapers
Newspapers are among the stateTs most fragile and most valuable
resources, and their preservation received early attention. In
1959, a state appropriation supported the preparation of a state-
wide inventory of surviving newspapers published before 1900;
a microfilming program followed. Now the North Carolina
Newspaper Project, a comprehensive, cooperative effort sup-
ported by the National Endowment for the Humanities, is well
under way.
Following a statewide survey by Perkins Library at Duke
University, the North Carolina Department of Cultural Resources
received a three-year grant (1991-93) to identify and catalog every
surviving newspaper published in the state (5,000) and to preserve
on microfilm newspapers that meet selection criteria. Preservation
microfilming activities built on the earlier filming project. Since
1991, newspaper project staff have cataloged over 2,500 North
Carolina titles, and input 6,000 local data records in the OCLC
database, and completed preservation microfilming of over one
million newspaper pages. In De-
cember 1993, NEH awarded a fur-
ther three years of support.
Few states can match
North Carolina's record of
preservation awareness and
remarkable implementation of
preservation projects.
Acid-Free Paper Legislation
North Carolina followed national
and international leadership in
establishing permanent paper leg-
islation. In May 1989, the U.S.
House of Representatives Subcom-
mittee on Science, Research and
Technology heard testimony from
North Carolina Libraries
printers, interested citizens, and librarians addressing the dete-
rioration of library collections printed primarily on acidic papers
since 1850. The International Federation of Library Associations
and Institutions (IFLA) passed a resolution favoring the use of
permanent paper at its annual meeting in Paris on August 25,
1989. The State Librarian and the University Librarian of the
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill took up the challenge
in the fall of 1989 by appointing a committee of documents
librarians and historians to determine which publications issued
by the state should be printed on permanent paper. The
CommitteeTs recommendations, presented to the Legislature in
a report from the State Librarian, emphasized historical, legal,
and statistical publications, and noted that requiring the use of
permanent paper would not increase printing costs significantly.
North Carolina became the second state to mandate the use of
permanent paper for some state documents. On June 5, 1991, the
General Assembly ratified House Bill 186
amending the General Statutes, which added
a new section, 125-11.3, requiring that cer-
tain government publications be issued on
alkaline paper and that there be a statement
within the publication indicating the use of
permanent paper. The North Carolina State
Publications Clearinghouse, which receives
state government publications for deposi-
tory libraries across the state, monitors com-
pliance with the statute by testing each title
on the list with a pH pen as the title is
received, and reports the results annually to
the State Librarian.
University Preservation Projects
In recent years, UNC-Chapel Hill has
launched major preservation efforts on be-
half of its paper holdings of North
Caroliniana and the South. The most am-
bitious and far-reaching endeavor has been
the recently completed three-year project
by the Manuscripts Department to rehouse,
selectively microfilm, and create online
records for its pre-1980 accessions. An NEH
grant of $203,000 preserved 3,200 manu-
preservation needs of material too fragile to be used in the original.
Almost 4 percent of the SHC has been filmed. Because embrittled
collections continue to arrive, a substantial filming program only
accommodates material at the most fragile end of the spectrum,
and the collectionTs percentage of filmed materials grows very
slowly.
Private funding has made possible the rehousing of over-
sized documents and photographs, the wrapping or boxing of
bound materials, and the preservation treatment as well as
copying of manuscript maps. Other private and federal grants are
funding the processing and proper housing of almost three
thousand linear feet of backlogged collections.
Premier printed research materials on North Carolina from
UNC-Chapel Hill are being preserved as part of a $2:4 million
dollar grant to film brittle imprints in fifteen libraries in the
Southeast. The program is funded by the National Endowment
all
Fire is one of the many disasters library preservationists must face. Photos
courtesy of Division of Archives and History, North Carolina Department of Cultural Resources.
script collections (5,300 linear feet). Begin-
ning in 1990, staff used NEH funds to pur-
chase alkaline folders and boxes and to pay
the professional and student staff to under-
take the work. Staff also selectively re-
moved fasteners and conducted a preserva-
tion survey whose data serve as the basis for
a long-range preservation plan for paper-
based records. NEH monies also continue
to fund the preservation microfilming of
several significant collections.
In a parallel effort, a 1990 two-year
contract with University Publications of
America (UPA) supported on-site filming of
embrittled materials of great scholarly in-
terest from the Southern Historical Collec-
tion. The manuscripts document Southern
women and their families in the nineteenth
century as well as ante-bellum Southern
plantations from the Revolution through
the Civil War. Royalties from sales support
further preservation efforts on behalf of the
manuscripts collection. Ambitious as these
filming efforts are, they do not fully meet the
7 North Carolina Libraries
Spring 1994 " 11
for the Humanities and administered by the Southeastern Library
Network (SOLINET). UNC is preserving fourteen hundred dete-
riorated pamphlets on African Americans, transportation his-
tory, social conditions, and travel from its renowned North
Carolina Collection in Wilson Library.
At Duke University Library, three thousand unique pam-
phlets dating from the ante-bellum period forward also are being
filmed under the SOLINET grant. Like the UNC-CH holdings, the
pamphlets are an indispensable source for the history of the state
and region. In an effort to assess the usefulness of digital technol-
ogy for preservation, DukeTs Special Collections Library is en-
gaged in a digital preservation project sponsored by the Photo
Preservation Task Force of the Research Libraries Group. With
seven other libraries, Duke is exploring preservation and access
issues in digitized collections of historical photographs. Stokes
Imaging, Inc., of Austin, Texas has digitized approximately one
thousand photographs from each participant. Digitized images
were then loaded into a prototype of a new image management
database. At the conclusion of the project in October 1994, it is
expected that the Task Force will issue draft guidelines that will
assist in the design, development, and implementation of digital
image access systems.
his brief overview cannot hope to capture all of North
CarolinaTs preservation efforts, but it is clear that North
Carolinians can be justifiably proud of the accomplish-
ments of their library and archival community in preserv-
ing the stateTs heritage. Few states can match North
CarolinaTs record of preservation awareness and remarkable
implementation of preservation projects. However, a great deal
remains to be done. North Carolina has just begun to address its
preservation needs. The stateTs largest manuscript repositories
are mounting major preservation efforts, and many other insti-
tutions have preservation programs. Embrittled materials con-
tinue to arrive in ever-increasing quantities, so that the problem
is never solved. Much remains to be done for non-textual records.
Tapes, films, videos, photographs, and computer records all have
specialized requirements for preservation, and these materials
also are arriving in ever-increasing quantities in our repositories.
Electronic formats are currently the subject of intense plan-
ning and implementation by the Division of Archives and
History. Its Advisory Committee on Electronic Records (ACER)
brings together representatives from state and local government,
the private sector, and the academic community to approve draft
standards and serve as a forum for advising on issues such as
optical imaging. The Division itself is planning a system (State
Public Record Cataloging Service, or SPRCS) which will inventory
and eventually provide management and preservation for data of
enduring value. The goal is to provide for electronic records the
level of service now available for paper records.
Where do we go now? Preservation of North CarolinaTs
imprint heritage is an urgent priority, as are maintenance and
expansion of current manuscript, records, and newspaper preser-
vation projects. Statewide organizations like the North Carolina
Preservation Consortium offer a planning framework that comple-
ments the leadership exercised by the Division of Archives and
History. The recent General AssemblyTs million dollar appropria-
tion for interpretation and preservation of state historical assets,
which elicited fourteen million dollars worth of support requests,
isan excellent first step that deserves to be made permanent, with
a portion of the funding reserved for historical records. Such a
program would enable institutions large and small to go beyond
planning and wishing, and allow them to play a real role in
preserving the stateTs historical heritage.
ences
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12 " Spring 1994
North Carolina Libraries
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North Carolina Libraries
North Carolina Collection
Sesquicentennial to Be Celebrated
oFor HistoryTs Sake: State Historical Collections in the
Early Republic� is the theme of a national conference to help
commemorate the sesquicentennial of the North Carolina
Collection at the University of North Carolina on May 20 and 21.
States with substantial historical activity during the first
seven decades of the new republic will be treated individually
during the daytime sessions, while those showing less progress
will be discussed regionally. At the Friday dinner there will
be a oSalute to Massachusetts,� the first state to charter a
historical society; the speaker will be Louis Leonard Tucker,
director of the Massachusetts Historical Society. At the Saturday
night banquet, Willis P. Whichard, associate justice of the
Supreme Court of North Carolina, will detail the history of the
North Carolina Collection; and President William Friday will
present the North Caroliniana Society Award to the Collection for
its 150 years of service.
Other speakers include Clement M. Silvestro, director
emeritus of the Museum of Our National Heritage, James J.
Heslin, director emeritus of the New-York Historical Society;
Susan Stitt, president of the Historical Society of Pennsylvania;
Charles F. Bryan, director of the Virginia Historical Society;
Richard J. Cox, editor of The American Archivist; Philip P. Mason,
director of the Archives of Labor and Urban Affairs; Leslie H.
Fishel, president emeritus of Heidelberg College; and Alfred
Lemmon, Curator of Manuscripts in the Historic New Orleans
Collection.
Registration is required, and an informational and
registration folder can be requested from the North Carolina
Collection, UNC Campus Box 3930, Chapel Hill, NC 27514-8890
(telephone 919-962-1172).
sO AO ORO ROSCOE
Tee
Spring 1994 " 13
Port
Where Have All the Thirkells Gone?
by Margaret Miles
tTs a familiar phrase to anyone who has ever watched a Presidential inauguration: oPreserve,
protect, and defend.� Just as the President is supposed to safeguard the Constitution, we as
librarians are supposed to be caring for our collections " and I think that most of the time,
the protecting and the defending go along pretty well. What most libraries have forgotten
about doing entirely is the first of the PresidentTs promises: the promise to preserve.
Now, before the entire combined memberships of the Documents Section and the Round
Table on Special Collections try to wrestle me down and lock me away forever in an acid-free
archival storage box safely out of harmTs way, YOUTRE NOT THE ONES I MEAN!!!! Calm down,
folks! My concern lies in an entirely different area.
ItTs not the unique, original, irreplaceable holographic documents of incalculable historical
significance. ItTs all those wonderful books the likes of which nobody writes anymore. And the
problem is that most of them arenTt accessible through libraries anymore, either.
Every so often all of us who are trueborn Readers with a capital oR� develop a book-related
crisis. Let me give you an example. I recently finished reading Connie WillisTs excellent science
fiction short story collection, Impossible Things. (Great book, by the way. All libraries serving
intelligent science fiction readers should have it.) And being fairly obsessive about these things, I
didnTt just read all the stories, I read the fine print, and the fine print included a dedication which
mentioned two women. One is a Mrs. Jones whom I donTt know, but the other is Lenora
Mattingly Weber.
Those of you who donTt remember the teen novels of a kinder, gentler era may not remember
her either, but she wrote a lengthy series of books about the Malone family. These books are a
portrait of the period in which a high school girlTs biggest worry was making her own prom dress
in home ec class. My libraryTs copy of Something Borrowed, Something Blue has oMarvey Keen�
written on the flyleaf, which capsulizes the whole reading experience pretty well, actually. The
last time I had a Lenora Mattingly Weber emergency, it took six months and interlibrary loans
from half a dozen libraries as far away as North Dakota before I managed to track down the
whole series. How many libraries since that time a couple of years ago have practiced orespon-
sible collection development� and weeded Lenora because they think sheTs obsolete and
nobody wants to read her books anymore? Will I be able to track down Beany Malone again, or
is she gone forever?
Or take the Thirkell problem. Angela Thirkell was a deliciously batty English lady novelist
who wrote a novel a year for a quarter century. As Mrs. Morland, a novelist character in the
Thirkell series, is fond of saying of her own work, each of these books are exactly the same except
theyTre all different. How many libraries recently have decided that these books are forgotten and
unread, and cleared them away to allow Danielle Steel on the one side and Robert James Waller
on the other to expand into a vacuum which those bestseller list fixtures are utterly unequipped
to fill? From all over the country, my inner ear can hear the pathetic, wistful cries of Thirkell
novels being extirpated.
Lenora and Angela arenTt the only casualties in the anti-preservation massacre, of course, just
a couple of the latest ones ITm worried about. If itTs hard enough to find Mrs. Thirkell now, how
much harder is it to find the adult novels of Frances Hodgson Burnett? (Yes, indeed, she wrote
something other than The Secret Garden. Did she ever! The Making of a Marchioness is the kind of
reading experience no author has produced in nearly a century.)
So all of you whoTve been thinking of going out this morning to do a nice, thorough weed
through that ounwanted, unread� fiction, please think again. Some of us do read it, and we have no
hope for the future if some libraries donTt make the choice to preserve for us those books the like of
which nobody is able to write anymore. And if you turn your weeding cart into that aisle toward
the end of the fiction and see that some protester has chained herself to one of the shelves and is
holding a placard that says, oLibrarian, spare that Thirkell!� " donTt be surprised. ThatTll be me.
14 " Spring 1994 North Carolina Libraries
dt #au4.ses..3 ee
_Counter. Point
Why Let the Dust Settle?
by Harry Tuchmayer, Column Editor
nce again my allergies are acting up, and ITm convinced it has absolutely nothing to
do with the beautiful azaleas and dogwood blossoms springing up all over southeast-
ern North Carolina. The culprits are those old and musty books that Margaret and
her friends think libraries must preserve at all costs.
Now I know many of you like a good old-fashioned read once in a while, but is
it really worth all the dust and visual pollution to house these titles on expensive and
limited library shelving? And as if the dust werenTt enough, | really donTt
think most of us want to read these books in bed. After all, theyTre so
brittle it would divert attention away from the cookie crumbs I usually Wh at most | i b ra ri eS h ave
leave behind in my latest novel. Heaven forbid, but wouldnTt it be easier
just to read that old classic from your laptop anyway? fo rgotten a bo ut do in g
ThatTs not to say someone might not want to actually read a book that
wasnTt a movie first. ItTs just that itTs so, so bizarre! ItTs hard to imagine any en tirely Is of} the prom i se
library devoting such valuable space to its more, shall we say, eccentric
readers. After all, wouldnTt most people rather read the new LaVyrle to preserve.
Spencer romance or the latest Sue Grafton mystery than some old standard
like James Gould Cozzens and Phoebe Atwood Taylor, whom only a few " Miles
bibliophiles recall?
But I donTt want to get into an argument over reading tastes. I know
that most classics majors, childrenTs librarians, and catalogers read obetter�
books than most circulation and reference librarians ever will. And ITm
perfectly willing to admit that even most administrators (the few who still Ore]
use libraries of course) are considerably more pedestrian in their taste. But We all know its a lot
who has the time even to search out these classics, much less read them, eas jer merely to check a
when we all have a hard enough time finding a few minutes in the day
that we can devote to real pleasure reading. title's circulation hi story
But, I want to focus on the hidden costs of preservation, the real impact es ~
that restoring and actually preserving these titles would have on any library than | t IS to evalua te Its
if we were all to stop everything and actually resist the temptation to weed ~
the seldom, if rarely, used titles from our collections. First, there is the time. I worth to the collection.
mean the time necessary to train and educate collection development
librarians to recognize these classics, retain them, and promote their use. We " Tuchmayer
all know itTs a lot easier merely to check a titleTs circulation history than it is
to evaluate its worth to the collection when weeding fiction.
Secondly, what about library book sales? Many of our most dedicated users canTt wait for the
next used book sale. While donations seem to be quite popular in these sales, many shoppers
nevertheless come specifically for the item they were tempted to borrow indefinitely just last
week. If we actually stopped weeding these things, what would happen to circulation? Would we
be inundated with lost-and-paids and those dreaded claims returned? Certainly the impact on
library operations must be considered before we preserve those esoteric titles just because a few
purists might enjoy reading them.
Finally, think of the ramifications that any serious program of preservation would have
at budget time. How will libraries ever again be able to convince funding agencies that we need
an increase in the book budget? Most uninformed officials usually think that the library has
enough books already, so why does it possibly need more? What would happen to that tried and
true response that we need new books because thatTs what people want?
No, Margaret, ITm sorry, but maybe the best we can offer you is interlibrary loan. After
all, we have made that commitment to sharing resources on the new information highway, and
you know what a commitment means!
mee Nori) Carolina Libraries Spring 1994 " 12
Providing universal access to the Internet for all citizens is an idea
that most librarians would subscribe to. We are far from that goal
today. A number of attempts at providing universal access to the
Internet are being made. Coin-operated terminals in laundromats,
local area Free-nets, UNCTs laUNCHpad, Congressperson RoseTs
(D-NC) project to provide local access in his district, and various
commercial services are examples of recent attempts at so called
ouniversal access.� Vice President Gore recently proposed the
deregulation of the communications industry as a way of provid-
ing universal access to the Internet. Under this plan, cable and
telephone companies would compete over providing this ouni-
versal access� to the information highway on a local level. With
a growing trend in the federal, state, and local governments
toward the distribution of information via the Internet, equal
access for all citizens becomes not just a goal, but a mandate for
good government. With all the political rhetoric about the
oNational Information Infrastructure,� the most commonly asked
question is still, oHow can I get on the Internet?�
If you live in a city or town that provides Internet access via a
local computer site, then all you have to do is call the modem
number of the local site and log on to the system using a software
package (like ProCcomm). These local sites often are available at
high schools, regional medical centers, community colleges, and
universities. Recently, on page one of the January 25, 1994 issue of
the News and Observer, the 106 sites for the initial installation of the
North Carolina Information Highway were announced. If you live
near one of these sites, you might contact them to see if you can
obtain local dial-up access to their Internet connection. The
majority of these sites are located in rural areas and should help
provide access to the Internet for an area of North Carolina long
denied access to the latest in communications technology. Jane
Patterson, Governor HuntTs advisor on high speed communica-
tions, is quoted as saying that othis highway (North Carolina
Information Highway) signals a rural sunrise for North Carolina ...
itTs the bookmobile of the 21st century.� Additional sites on the
North Carolina Information Highway are planned for selection in
January of 1995. Perhaps you could be one of them. Ask your
legislator!
If there is no local North Carolina Information Highway
Internet site at your location, then you will have to contract with
anational provider of Internet services. The five major information
superhighway providers are: America Online, CompuServe, Delphi,
GEnie, and Prodigy. All the providers offer a variety of Internet
services for a fee. These services include: e-mail via the Internet,
financial information, bulletin boards, stock quotes, airline ticket
information, sports and lottery information, games, shareware,
movie reviews, health information, and reference book informa-
tion. Most can be reached by either a dial-in 800 number or a local
packet switching service (such as Tymnet or Telenet).
America Online (800-922-0808) currently has almost a
million subscribers. A recent cost estimate was $9.95 per month
for five hours of online time. America Online also features a
number of local city information features that highlight local
activities (such as Chicago Online and Los Angeles Online).
CompuServe (800-848-8199) has about one-and-a-half mil-
" by Ralph Lee Scott
lion members. Recent cost estimates are $8.95 for a basic connec-
tion (initial registration is $39.95) with Internet services priced at
about $4.80 per hour. CompuServe features a number of interna-
tionally known discussion rooms (such as the Rush Limbaugh
Forum).
Delphi (800-695-4005) is a relative newcomer specializing in
Internet access at low cost. Estimates are $10 for four hours per
month or $20 for 20 hours per month, with an extra $3 permonth
for the Internet. Current subscriber base is 100,000 and growing.
GEnie (800-638-9636) has been around for awhile (and I
would bet money has something to do with General Electric!).
Estimated rates are $8.95 per month for basic connections in the
evenings (5-9 P.M.) upward to $18.00 per hour for expanded
services during prime time (9 A.M. to 5 P.M.). GEnie has a large
number of downloadable game and music files, as well as graph-
ics and photographs for a variety of microcomputer platforms.
GEnie has about 500,000 subscribers.
Prodigy (800-776-3449) currently has over two million
members. Rate estimates are $7.95 for two hours per month with
$3.60 per hour additional, and 25 cents per e-mail message or
$14.95 for five hours per month with 30 ofree� e-mail messages.
Prodigy is alleged by some to be easier to use than the other
services, but I suspect one would quickly get used to whatever
service one selected.
A word of warning: all estimates are subject to change. Call
the 800 toll free numbers to get the current price structure before
signing on. Prices are somewhat competitive at this point and the
deals may vary from service to service; but the above estimates
can be used as a rough guide for comparison.
Now a word about Telnet and Telenet, which seem to be
causing some confusion. Telnet is an Internet protocol that
allows you to log on to a remote host computer using the
Internet. For example, you can Telnet to 152.2.22.80 and con-
nect to the UNCTs laUNCpad via the Internet. When you type
Telnet, you are telling your Internet host computer that you wish
to connect with another computer located at the specified
address via the Internet.
Telenet is a packet-switching service that provides dial-up
telephone modem services in most United States cities. Telenet
is a commercial telephone time-sharing service that is not con-
nected with the Internet. With Telenet, you can talk to other
computers over regular telephone long-distance lines, provided
the other computer is also connected up to the Telenet packet-
switching system. Packet-switching systems were set up to allow
small users to rent telephone lines to other computers for brief
periods of time. These small periods of time are called opackets,�
hence the name opacket-switching networks.� Telnet, on the
other hand, is an Internet connection through a computer
connected up on the Internet. Please determine whether you
want Telenet or Telnet before you try to log on. The two are not
interchangeable services.
The writer hopes that you will all soon be enjoying the world
of the Internet, either through Governor HuntTs North Carolina
Information Highway or one of the commercial information super-
highway providers described above.
16 " Spring 1994 Nol Canons Las
Volume 92, Number 1
SPECIAL PULL-OUT SECTION " North Carolina Libraries
A Preservation Primer
and Resource Guide
for North Carolina Librarians
There are two parts to this article. The first section contains a brief discussion of those elements
staff members must address for the preservation of their library materials. The second section
contains lists of publications, services, and sources for more specific information.
Part ONE
A Preservation Primer: Six Parts of a Complete Program
1. Environment.
The environment is the single most crucial factor to assure the long-term survival of the collection. Al-
though there are ideal conditions for each type of format (book, videotape, photograph, etc.), a good
compromise can be reached for all. Aim for a stable environment of approximately 70 degrees and 50
percent relative humidity.
Stability is the key. Since fibers in paper swell and contract as temperature and humidity levels fluctuate,
repeated cycling leads to breakdown of paper and failure of glues. Although a constant environmentis very difficult
to achieve, do your best. An environment of 75 degrees is better than one that bounces between 70 and 80.
There are other environmental issues to consider. Light bleaches and weakens paper and cloth bindings, so
books should be kept away from constant sun and fluorescent light. Shades, timers on lights, and special
shields to filter out the most harmful rays are easy ways to reduce light damage. Also, stack and office areas
must be kept clean. Dust and unfiltered pollutants in the air abrade books, and insects will eat library materi-
als. Trash should be removed daily, and air should be kept circulating to keep mold and mildew from forming.
. Storage and Handling Procedures.
The materials used to store library materials must be of proper quality. Metal shelves with a baked enamel
finish are better for books than wooden shelves that may be acidic and may be emitting harmful fumes.
Thin metal bookends or those with sharp edges often oknife� books and damage pages. Thick, rounded,
plastic bookends are better. There are appropriate storage envelopes, folders, and boxes for photographs,
manuscripts, reels of film, and maps to help insulate them from further damage.
Staff must pay attention to handling procedures. Shelving books too tightly or too loosely creates
problems, as do spills from library carts. (It is best to load the bottom of the cart first, distributing the
weight on each side equally before going up to the next shelf; a low center of gravity will keep the cart
from tipping.) Shelving materials the proper way will save rebinding and/or replacement costs. Encourag-
ing patrons to return books to the desk instead of the book drop will reduce extensive damage as well.
. Copying Materials.
Care must be taken at the copying machine. Since all materials are not strong enough to endure the
process, fragile materials should be controlled. Books, especially tightly bound ones, should not be pressed
with great weight against the copying surface; doing one page at a time, while supporting the other at an
angle, is best; photocopiers are available that allow for this. (See the Resource Guide.) Copying materials
and then allowing patrons to use the photocopy cuts down on wear and tear.
If a library is considering microfilming some of its materials, it should make sure that the information
has not already been copied by someone else. It must also make sure that the chosen microfilmer adheres
to rigid preservation standards to produce a film that will last for generations rather than just a few years.
Proper storage of the master negative and the copy is crucial as well.
. Exhibiting
In exhibiting materials, make sure they are kept in museum-quality cases where heat and light levels are not
excessive. Originals should not be forced to stay open; nor should they be exhibited for long periods of time.
Items on the walls can be damaged by acidic framing materials, become faded by constant exposure to light
and are subject to moisture condensing inside the glass in an area marked by heat and humidity fluctuations.
5. Treatment (Or Conservation)
In repairing books, the use of inappropriate techniques or supplies (such as dime-store glue or any pressure-
sensitive tape) can result in more harm than good. Therefore, staff should get instruction before attempting
any type of repair to books with a long shelf life. Valuable, old, and/or brittle materials should be repaired
only by qualified specialists. If the library decides to use a professional, that conservatorTs references should be
checked and treatment options should be discussed.
In using a library binder, staff should determine that the binder is doing what is best for the book, not what
is easiest for the binder. There are national binding standards; find out if the binder adheres to them or not.
6. Disaster Preparedness and Response
An ounce of prevention is worth a pound of cure: library staffs must be aware of the disasters to which they
may be prone, no matter their source. Knowing where keys are; how to turn off the electricity, gas, and
water to the building; what the most important materials are; and how to salvage wet and damaged
materials are key bits of knowledge. By surveying the building for possible dangers, and working in teams
to codify procedures, staff can eventually develop, distribute, and keep current a disaster plan to follow in
times of emergency.
Part Two
A Resource Guide For Library Preservation
The following lists contain some of the many available preservation publications, institutions, services, and vendors.
All of the listed titles are recommended. However, while all the vendors and service providers are
considered reputable, inclusion here should not be interpreted as an endorsement.
1. General Preservation Guides:
Books, ARTICLES, AND PAMPHLETS.
DePew, John. A Library, Media, and Archival Preservation Handbook. Santa Barbara, CA: ABC-CLIO, 1991.
44] pp. $49.50. [Chapters on almost all preservation issues with many useful appendices. ]
Fox, Lisa L. A Core Collection in Preservation. 2nd ed. Edited by Don K. Thompson and Joan ten Hoor.
Atlanta: Southeastern Library Network, Inc., 1993. 41 pp.$5.00.
[Excellent bibliography with descriptions, prices, and ordering information.]
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Ogden, Sherelyn, ed. Preservation of Library & Archival Materials: A Manual. Andover, MA: Northeast |
Document Conservation Center, 1992. Pages unnumbered. $23.50. |
[Leaflets on various topics in a loose-leaf notebook. ] |
Ritzenthaler, Mary Lynn. Preserving Archives and Manuscripts. SAA Archival Fundamental Series. Chicago: |
Society of American Archivists, 1993. 225 pp. $25.00. [A guide to preservation in an archival setting.] |
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Stitts, Maxine K. A Practical Guide to Preservation in School and Public Libraries. ERIC Clearing House of
Information Resourses. ED340391. NY: Syracuse University, 1990. 55 pp. $6.50.
[Uncomplicated distillation of many preservation issues, with useful resource lists. Order from: Syracuse
University, 030 Huntington Hall, Syracuse, NY 13244-2340.]
York, Maurice C., et al., oEstablishing and Maintaining a Local History Collection and Local History/
Genealogical Resources.� North Carolina Libraries 46 (Summer 1988): 68, 70-84, 104-107.
[Brief and comprehensive guide focusing on collection development and management, including preservation. ]
NEWSLETTERS:
The Abbey Newsletter. Published eight times a year. (7105 Geneva Drive, Austin, TX 78723 [512/929-
3992]). $49.00 a year for institutions; $40 for individuals; $20 for full-time students.
CAN. Conservation Administration News. Published quarterly. Graduate School of Library and
Information Science, The University of Texas at Austin. Austin, TX 78712-1276. $24.00.
2. Organizations.
In Nortu Carona:
North Carolina Library Association. Special Collections Roundtable. Occasional conferences and
programs with preservation content. 109 E. Jones St., Raleigh, NC 27601-1023 (919/839-6252).
North Carolina Preservation Consortium. NCPC is a nonprofit organization. Membership is open to all
institutions and individuals. An independent affiliate of the School of Library and Information
Sciences at North Carolina Central University, it provides preservation education and information.
Workshops on disaster preparedness and response, care and handling of library materials, simple
book repair, and other subjects are available. Can answer some questions and give referrals. 804 Old
Fayetteville St., Durham, NC 27701 (919/683-1709).
Society of North Carolina Archivists. SNCA is an organization of individuals and institutions concerned
with the preservation and use of archival and manuscript materials. SNCA produces a quarterly
newsletter and stages two full-day meetings a year at various locations. Annual membership is $15.00.
Society of NC Archivists, P.O. Box 20448, Raleigh, NC 27619.
OurTstDE NorTH CAROLINA:
American Association for State & Local History. 172 Second Avenue North, Nashville, TN 37201-1902
(615/255-2971). AASL&H offers programs and publications on numerous preservation-related issues.
American Institute for Conservation of Historic and Artistic Works. 1717 K St. NW, Suite 301, Washington,
DC 20006 (202/452-9545). AIC provides preservation information, publications, and referral to conservators.
American Library Association. The Preservation of Library Materials Section. (Association for Library
Collections & Technical Services Division.) 50 E. Huron St., Chicago, IL 60611 (800/545-2433; ext. 4298).
ALA is the major professional group for individuals and organizations interested in preservation. A
national forum for information on preservation issues; frequent educational sessions and workshops.
Association of Moving Image Archivists. c/o National Center for Film & Video Preservation. P.O. Box
27999, Los Angeles, CA 90027 (213/856-7637). AMIA is a membership organization of institutions
interested in film and television preservation. The National Center for Film and Video Preservation
serves as its secretariat and produces AMIATs quarterly newsletter. It also administers the National
Endowment for the Arts Film Preservation Program.
Association for Recorded Sound Collections. P.O. Box 10162, Silver Spring, MD 20914-0057 (301/593-6552).
ARSC encourages the preservation of historical recordings and promotes information and research
exchange. It has published related reports and produces a biannual journal.
Gaylord Preservation Information oHelp Line� (800/428-3631) Toll-free service provided by the Gaylord
Library Supply Company. Call 9 A.M. to S P.M. EST, THURSDAYS & FRIDAYS ONLY to speak to indepen-
dent Conservator Nancy Carlson Shrock. Note: Gaylord also distributes free copies of its Preservation
Pathfinder Series of Publications. Gaylord Bros. Box 4901, Syracuse, NY 13221-4901 (800/634-6307).
Image Permanence Institute. Rochester Institute of Technology, 70 Lomb Memorial Drive, Rochester NY 14623-5604
(716/475-5199). IPI is an excellent resource for publications and information on care of photographs.
Library Binding Institute. 7401 Metro Blvd., Suite 325, Edina, MN 55439 (612/835-4707). LBI is a source
for information and publications on library binding/preservation issues.
Northeast Document Conservation Center. 100 Brickstone Square, Andover, MA 01810-1494 (508/470-1010).
NEDCC is a regional center offering publications, conservation work, microfilming, educational pro-
grams, consultations, and disaster assistance.
Palmetto Archives, Libraries & Museums: Council on Preservation. PALMCOP is a South Carolina
statewide membership organization that offers preservation workshops and a newsletter. Contact Lea
Walsh, SC State Library, P.O. Box 11469, Columbia, SC 29211.
The Society of American Archivists, 600 S. Federal, Suite 504, Chicago, IL 60605 (312/922-0140).
National professional association for archivists and institutions interested in the preservation and use
of archives, manuscripts, and current records. SAA publishes a scholarly quarterly and a newsletter and
is a source for preservation titles and workshops.
Southeastern Library Network, 1438 Peachtree St., Atlanta, GA 30309-2955 (404/892-0943 or 800/999-8558).
The Preservation Office of SOLINET offers hand-outs and publications (free and for a fee), educational
programs, video rental, consultations, and a telephone service for general information, referrals, and
advice in emergency situations.
3. Preservation Supplies:
Bookmakers. 6001 66th Ave. Suite 101, Riverdale, MD 20737 (301/459-3384; Fax 459-7629). Mostly book
repair & binding.
Conservation Resources International, Inc. 8000-H Forbes Place. Springfield, VA 22151 (800/634-6932;
Fax 703/321-0629). Mostly archival supplies.
Gaylord Brothers. Box 4901, Syracuse, NY 13221-4901 (Orders: 800/448-6160; Fax 272-3412. Customer
Service: 800/634-6307). A variety of preservation materials.
Hollinger Corporation. P.O. Box 6185. Arlington, VA 22206 (703/671-6600 or 800/634-0491). Mostly
archival supplies.
Light Impressions. 439 Monroe Ave, P.O. Box 940, Roshester, NY 14603-0940 (Customer Service: 800/828-9859).
A variety of preservation supplies; much on photographs.
TALAS. Technical Library Service. For a current catalog and price list, send $5.00 to TALAS, 213 West 35th
Street, New York City, NY 1001-1996 (212/736-7744). Wide array of materials.
University Products. P.O. Box 101, Holyoke, MA 01041-0101. (Customer Service: 800/762-1165). A variety
of preservation supplies; much on photographs.
4. Photocopying & Microfilming
Preservation Photocopiers: oBook-friendly� photocopiers do exist. They feature a sloped surface adjacent to the
copying surface so that the book does not have to be pressed flat against the copying surface. Some sources are:
Oce-Business Systems, Inc. P.O. Box 30, Stamford, CT 06904-0030 (203/323-2111).
Universal Copy Services, Inc. 2413 Bond Street, University Park, IL 60466 (708/534-1500).
Xerox Corporation (5042, BookSaver Copier) 100 South Clinton Avenue, Xerox Square, Rochester, NY 14644.
PRESERVATION PHOTOCOPYING & MICROFILMING SERVICES:
Image Prints, Inc. 2730 Alpha St., Lansing, MI 48910 (800/782-4502). Photocopying and microfilming.
MAPS, The Micrographic Preservation Service. 9 S. Commerce Way, Bethlehem, PA 18017 (215/758-8700).
Preservation microfilming.
Northeast Document Conservation Center. 100 Brickstone Sq., Andover, MA 01810-1428 (508/470-1010).
Photocopying and microfilming.
Northern Archival Copy. 4730 Lorinda Dr., Shoreview, MN 55126 (612/483-9346). Preservation photocopying.
. Conservators & Conservation
PUBLICATION:
Paris, Jan. Choosing and Working with a Conservator. Atlanta: SOLINET Preservation Program, Southeastern
Library Network, Inc., 1990, 24 pp. $10.00.
REFERRALS:
American Insitute for Conservation (AIC) offers referrals to conservators, as do many of the other
organizations listed above.
CONSERVATION LaBs:
BookLab, Inc. 1606 Headway Circle, Suite 100, Austin, Texas 78754 (512/837-0479).
Conservation Center for Art and Historical Artifacts on Paper. 264 S. 23rd Street, Philadelphia, PA 19103
(215/545-0613).
Information Conservation, Inc. (ICI). Conservation Division. 6204 Corporate Park Dr., Brown Summit,
NC 27214 (800/444-7534).
The North Carolina Division of Archives and History. NCDA&HTs conservation lab accepts public orders
on a fee basis, as time permits. Contact Technical Services, NC Division of Archives & History, 109 E.
Jones Street, Raleigh, NC 27601-2807 (919/733-7691).
Northeast Document Conservation Center (NEDCC), 100 Brickstone Square, Andover, MA 01810 (508/470-1010).
. Library Binding
Library Binding Institute. Library Binding Institute Standard for Library Binding. 8th ed. Paul A. Parisi and Jan Merrill-
Oldham, eds. Rochester, NY: Library Binding Institute, 1986. 17 pp. $5.00. A new edition is being prepared.
Merrill-Oldham, Jan, and Paul Parisi. Guide to the Library Binding Institute Standard for Library Binding.
Chicago: American Library Association, 1990. 62 pp. $23.00.
The New Library Scene. Library Binding Institute. 401 Metro Blvd., Suite 325, Edina, MN 55439. $18.00.
Bimonthly journal on library binding trends and preservation.
. Disaster Planning & Response
INFORMATION RESOURCES:
Barton, John P., and Johanna G. Wellheiser, eds. An Ounce of Prevention: A Handbook on Contingency
Planning for Archives, Libraries and Records Centres. Toronto: Toronto Area Archivists Group Education
Foundation, 1985. 192 pp. $17.95. (One of the best and most-quoted guides around.) Order from
Toronto Area Archivists Group, P.O. Box 97, Station F., Toronto, Ontario, Canada M4Y 2L4.
Fortson, Judith. Disaster Planning And Recovery: A How-To-Do-It Manual for Librarians and Archivists. How-
To-Do-It Manuals for Libraries, no. 21. New York: Neal-Schuman Publishers, 1992. 181 pp. $39.95.
Practical handbook with a sample plan and helpful appendices and addresses.
Young, Richard L., and David J. Tinsley. Library and Archival Disaster: Preparedness and Recovery. Oakton,
VA: Bibliotech, 1986. $125.00. A 21-minute video on disasters and salvage procedures. Includes a 16-
page workbook to begin a disaster recovery plan. Order from ALA Video/Library Video Network, 320
York Rd., Towson, MD 21204-5179 (800/441-TAPE).
VENDORS: Vendors offer services to facilitate recovery from disasters. Most supply equipment to dry and clean the
site, and freeze and ultimately dry books damaged by water.
BMS CAT. Blackmon-Mooring-Steamatic Catastrophe, Inc., 303 Arthur St., Fort Worth, TX 76107
Southeast Office (404/454-9228); 24-hour emergency number (800/433-2940).
Document Reprocessors. East Coast Location: 5611 Water St., Middlesex, NY 14507 (715/554-4500);
24-hour emergency number ( 800/4-DRYING).
MF Bank/The Restoration Company. 4708 South Old Peachtree, Norcross, GA 30071-1514 (404/242-6637);
24-hour emergency number (800/843-7284).
Munters Moisture Control Services. 79 Monroe St., Amesbury, MA 01913-4740 (508/388-4900); Southeast
Center (404/242-0935). 24-hour emergency number (800/I-CAN-DRY).
Re-Oda Chem Engineering Company, 210 Bell Street, P.O. Box 424, Chagrin Falls, OH 44022 (216/247-4131);
[For removal of smoke and smoke residue only.]
qiT VNIOUWD HRION " NOLLOES LAO-TINd TVIOddS
Salva
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From North Carolina News
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Coverage of local, regional, state and U.S.Aworld news Full-text coverage of todayTs key issues and events from over
from one of North CarolinaTs leading newspapers. 40 major U.S. newspapers and wire services worldwide.
Together, these CD-ROM resources give you instant access to news from within
the state, across the nation and around the world.
© MONTHLY UPDATES keep you current
e UNIFORM SEARCH SOFTWARE makes multidatabase research quick and easy
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The Raleigh News & Observer coverage ranges from feature articles to locally-written
columns and editorials, while CD NewsBank provides articles chosen by information
specialists based on research value and in-depth reporting.
Call NewsBank TODAY to learn more about these complementary databases:
1-800-762-8182
Be sure to ask about the SPECIAL OFFER on current year subscriptions and backfiles.
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North Carolina Libraries Spring 1994 " 21
NORTH CAROLINA _
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Backes
Dorothy Hodder, Compiler
hyllis WhitneyTs latest book, her 37th, is set in the North Carolina mountains,
and involves a movie set left over from the filming of The Last of the Mohicans.
Lauren Castle has come to Lake Lure, drawn there by an anonymous note.
Two years earlier, her husband had died in an accident while filming a
documentary. Now someone thinks his death might not have been accidental.
Unbeknownst to most of the villageTs residents, Lauren is the grand-
daughter of early movie stars Victoria Frazer and Roger Brandt.
While filming in Lake Lure the two had an affair, LaurenTs mother
was born and shipped off to California, Roger and his wronged wife
Whitney, Phyllis A. settled in Lake Lure, and shortly thereafter Victoria drowned herself
d in the lake.
Star Flig ht. This is the setting into which Lauren arrives, ready to shake up
New York: Crown Publishers, Inc., 1993. 286 pp. the lives of everyone involved and to find out what really hap-
$20.00. ISBN 0-517-59499-4, pened, and how it all might be connected to her husbandTs death.
ThereTs also the small matter of Gordon Heath, LaurenTs old
boyfriend. Will they reunite? Did Victoria really drown? All is
revealed in an entertaining, although somewhat unbelievable,
story. The location in the North Carolina mountains creates an interesting atmosphere
for the story, which carries the reader along despite some strange, and superfluous,
subplots (UFOs are involved). Suitable for public libraries.
" Janet Sinder
Duke University Law Library
n his way to see his girlfriend May, Jimmy MaddenTs life took a tragic turn for
the worse when the pharmacist closed his shop five minutes early. The
marriage and baby that followed that fateful day in rural 1950s North Carolina
form the story of David PayneTs third novel, Ruin Creek. Writing alternately in
the voices of Jimmy, his wife May, and their older son Joey, Payne weaves the
painful story of this familyTs struggle to overcome the obstacles to personal
and familial happiness that have developed throughout May and
JimmyTs eleven-year marriage.
David Payne. PayneTs evocative narrative draws the reader into the charac-
; ters' lives through his native sense of North CarolinaTs rural and
Ruin Creek. coastal traditions. May is unable to reconcile her disappointment in
New York: Doubleday, her husbandTs failure to be the person she wants him to be, while
1993. 373pp. $22.50. Jimmy resents the external forces he has allowed to shape his life.
ISBN 0-385-26418-6. May's and JimmyTs characters are developed carefully throughout
the book so that the reader must reluctantly concur with their
decisions in the end. JoeyTs voice is a potent call for reason in his
young life, and Pa Tilley is there to provide the reassurance JoeyTs parents are not capable
of giving him.
David Payne is also the author of Early From the Dance and Confessions of a Taoist on
me Wall Street, which won the 1984 Houghton Mifflin Literacy Fellowship Award. Ruin Creek
NETHOROR EARLY FROM THE DANC! is highly recommended for public and school libraries.
" Eileen McCluskey Papile
Cumberland County Public Library and Information Center
" ee Ni Orin te ae
urely the mark of a good writer is an ability to write about anything, even,
say, a wall, which is precisely the subject matter Richard Maschal chose for
his first book, Wet-Wall Tattoos. MaschalTs wall is real and his story true;
though a work of nonfiction, it has the surprising capability of bringing to
mind the visceral excitement of artist Gulley JimsonTs final encounter with a
wall in Joyce CaryTs novel The HorseTs Mouth. Focusing on the altar wall mural of St.
PeterTs Church in downtown Charlotte, Wet-Wall Tattoos follows the collaborative
conception and creation of a painted Biblical narrative, rising over two stories in height,
executed in the time-honored technique of buon fresco by North Carolina artist Ben
Long and his team of seven craftsmen. Through the ambient rhythmic turns of the
mullers grinding pigment, trowels smoothing plaster, and the very presence of the wall,
Maschal tells an intimate story of a talented artist and his appren-
tices at work following techniques and processes little changed
from those of fifteenth-century Renaissance Italy. The author
Richard Maschal. gracefully moves from the progressions and human drama of the
wall to a history of St. PeterTs and southern Catholic migration; to
Wet-Wall Tattoos: early Enea ar OEE in the Piedmont to a mired history
Ben Long and the Art of Fresco. of Ben Long; all in memorable illustration of the truth that the
study of the human spirit as expressed in art naturally, even
Winston-Salem: John F. Blair Publisher, 1993. 212 pp. logically, invigorates interest in history, economics, and society.
$25.95. ISBN: 0-89587-105-X. Maschal masterfully draws the inevitable stalemate between artist
and client, (Long and Father Haughey, the Jesuit priest steering the
project) in parallel to the problems Michelangelo and Pope Julius II
faced in the realization of the painting of the Sistine Chapel.
Wet-Wall Tattoos is indexed, carries a listing of source materials in the authorTs
acknowledgments, and is supplemented by twenty-six black-and-white and ten color
photographs. The work could have been improved by the inclusion of a bibliography.
Richard Maschal served for eight years as Art and Architecture Critic for The Charlotte
Observer, and continues work there as feature writer. He has had articles published in
Architectural Record, the New York Times, and Southern Accents. His honest eye for visual
description, receptive ear for anecdote, susceptibility to romance, and over-active
conscience regarding research make Wet-Wall Tattoos enjoyable, instructive reading for
inclusion in secondary school, technical school, college, and ecclesiastical libraries.
"Anne Brennan
St. JohnTs Museum of Art
utsiders can learn what it was like to grow up in rural southeastern North
Carolina from Plankhouse, a collaborative effort between poet Shelby
Stephenson and photographer and sometime-North Carolinian Roger
Manley. Those who did come of age in the area will find themselves nodding
in agreement as they move through the book.
The concept is simple. ManleyTs photographs, many depicting old
houses, empty fields, or people, occupy the even-numbered pages and are
accompanied by short vignettes by Stephenson on the facing
pages. The book is divided into six sections: Portraits, Whiskey,
Farming, Meat, Fishing, and Hunting. Each section contains
anywhere from three to thirteen short reminiscences, which range
in length from one line to several paragraphs.
Plankhouse. While the stories are often sibisieie eonren a student is asked
Rocky Mount, NC: North Carolina Wesleyan College what an adverb is, he thinks it ocould be the white part of a
Press, 1993. 79pp. $29.95. ISBN 0-933-598-394. chicken manure�), they do not always fit the mood of the bleak
black and white photographs. The format of the book is handsome
and the photographs are memorable, but the rather formulaic
vignettes are disconcertingly minimalist and disconnected. The
reader may well wish for more developed storytelling, or poetry, from Stephenson.
Recommended for North Carolina collections.
Shelby Stephenson and Roger Manley.
"Alan D. Cordle
EY New Hanover County Library
North Carolina Libraries " Spring 1994 " 23
fter twenty years, Trevor McGee has returned to Missing Mile, North Carolina,
and the house where his family lived and died. HeTs never understood why he
didnTt die, too, on the night his father killed his mother, his little brother, and,
finally, himself. HeTs been tormented ever since by waking and sleeping
nightmares of finding their bodies, but even worse is the anguish of not
knowing if he was spared because his father loved him too much to kill him,
or too little. Since he was five years old, heTs had to wonder if artistic talent is all he has in
common with his father, a famous underground cartoonist, or if the madness and violence
that claimed his family lies in wait for him, too. HeTs avoided any
closeness, any connection, that could make someone his victim. Until
Zachary Bosch.
Poppy Z. Brite. : ~
Zachary Bosch is a nineteen year old hacker on the run from
Draw Blood. the Feds. Chance (and The HitchhikerTs Guide to the Galaxy) has
Delacorte, 1993. 373 pp. $19.95. ISBN 0-385-30895-7 brought him to Missing Mile, and Trevor. Zach had his own prob-
lems growing up, and he relates to computers a lot better than he
does to people. But something about Trevor seems to draw him and
hold him, until he finds himself testing the redemptive power of
love in the haunted house Trevor calls Birdland.
BriteTs first novel, Lost Souls, was about vampires, and both the cover art and the title
of this one suggest a sequel. There are no vampires here, but Brite leads us down almost
all the other avenues of dark fantasy with her evocative, sensual (and, at times, sexually
explicit) prose. DonTt look for Missing Mile on any map " you wonTt find it " but know
that it, like FaulknerTs Yoknapatawpha County, is real in the pages of these two books,
and in the imaginations of those who read them. Recommended for public libraries.
" Samantha Hunt
New Hanover County Public Library
aul Buchanan took pictures for money. In North CarolinaTs rural mountain
counties in the 1920s, wages were a dollar a day. Buchanan discovered that
two daysT work taking and delivering pictures could earn him $20, so he did
it. Carrying cameras handed down from his father, Buchanan traveled on
foot, covering the back roads and isolated communities accessible from his
home at Hawk in Mitchell County. In Avery, McDowell, Mitchell, and
Yancey counties, he was The Picture Man.
Through the years of the Great Depression, Buchanan, who approached his work
matter-of-factly, augmented other income with cash or bartered goods that he got for
pictures. The olittle room� (darkroom) where he developed negatives was lit by an old
lantern with a colored shade, and he washed his negatives thoroughly in the branch
running through the front yard. Families, Sunday School children, babies, mules, dogs, a
nice litter of pigs with their smiling owner, and, occasionally, his own family posed for
him. He worked out-of-doors without a flash. One week he would go out to osnap� the
pictures, the next he would deliver the finished product and collect
from fifty cents to a dollar for four prints, depending on the size;
Ann Hawthorne, editor. the largest pictures were five by seven inches. One day in 1951 he
The Picture Man: went out with seventy-five dollars worth of finished work, and
when he came home that night, he had collected only seven
P hotogr. aphs by Paul Buchanan. dollars. o1 thought, by George, ITd quit fooling with it,� he said
Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1993.
126 pp. $12.95 paperback, ISBN 0-8078-4431-4. $24.95
hardcover, ISBN 0-8078-2119-5.
later. It was his last trip. Negatives stacked in cardboard boxes in
the darkroom were ignored.
In 1977 Ann Hawthorne, a photographer then living in western
North Carolina, found an anonymous note stuck behind one of her
pictures in a show: oThereTs a man with old pictures of this area you
might want to meet, Paul Buchanan in Hawk.� Hawthorne, who now works in Washing-
ton, DC, visited Buchanan; she won his confidence, and he let her take his negatives to
clean and print. The images she found under decades of grime comprise her first book, The
Picture Man: Photographs by Paul Buchanan. In assembling the 102 pictures in this small book
(including four of Paul Buchanan by Ann Hawthorne), Hawthorne has succeeded in her
goal of depicting these people of a narrowly circumscribed time and place as they them-
selves wanted to be seen. This is a genuine contribution, because these same people have
been, at times, misrepresented, idealized, and romanticized. The pictures she chose are
printed as contact prints, just as Paul Buchanan finished them originally for his customers.
24 " Spring 1994
North Carolina Libraries
Transcriptions of recorded conversations between Hawthorne and Buchanan taped in 1985
augment the images; Buchanan tells stories of how he worked and of people he met.
As the story of Paul Buchanan and his work are told in the oForeword� and oIntro-
duction� (by Bruce Morton of CBS News) and in the oPreface� and oInterview� (by
Hawthorne), repetition becomes a minor problem. oNotes on the Photographs� covers a
scant two pages, and the reader wants to know more about the subjects and their lives;
but Paul Buchanan knew the names and circumstances of few of his subjects. Only his
own children, nieces, and grandparents are identified. Interestingly, Lick Log, one of his
favorite stops, was home to a black community, and their portraits are well represented.
The Picture Man would be a useful addition to collections of North Caroliniana in
public and academic libraries. The clear, nontechnical text could be appreciated by
students in middle school or above, and the book would be good supplementary mate-
rial for North Carolina history classes. The pictures themselves are most instructive,
communicating much about a way of life very different from that of today even though
it is not far removed in either time or distance.
The Picture Man is worth experiencing. Paul Buchanan did not think of himself as an
artist or even as a photographer. His pictures pleased him when they looked ojust like�
the person. oIf I did take them, theyTre good pictures. Good and plain.�
" Sarah S. Robinson
Environmental Services, Jacksonville, Florida
homas Wolfe belongs to the halcyon days of American literature, the days
when literary giants believed writing the Great American Novel was still
possible. Morton TeicherTs photo chronicle of Thomas WolfeTs life amply
demonstrates this fact. Image after image of stately old buildings, dim small
interiors, and staged group photographs solemnly seek to authenticate the
legend of a man who literally towered over his fellows, whether at the private
high school in Asheville, the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, or Harvard.
The book reveals other things as well. The odd tidbits in the chronology at the end
depict Wolfe as a man of gargantuan appetites and ambitions. Whether seducing Jean
Harlowe, depositing an eight-foot high manuscript on his publisherTs doorstep, or
traversing two continents numerous times, Wolfe appears to have
worked always on a vast scale, dealt always with epic themes. Only
all of America could provide sufficient scope for his genius. Only an
Morton I. Teicher. All-American son from the backwoods of North Carolina would
Looking Homeward: attempt such a task. Only in America would an entire town expect
it from him. And turn on him when their depiction in Look Home-
A Thomas Wolf e Photo Album. ward Angel proved less than flattering.
Columbia: University of Missouri Press, Wolfe was no angel. Nor devil, either. He remained always at
1993. xiv, 200 pp. $29.95. ISBN 0-8262-0893-2. the mercy of the people who instilled those lofty ambitions and
desires. His affair with Aline Bernstein ended only when WolfeTs
mother confronted her in WolfeTs apartment. Back on track, he
worked five years on the mammoth four-volume October Fair. He
returned to Asheville and became a backwoods famous-writer-in-
residence until the pressure of friends and townsfolk drove him away. Suffering from ill
health, he went West, the Mecca for American men searching for new beginnings, and
contracted a misdiagnosed case of tuberculosis that led to his death.
A former president of the Thomas Wolfe Society, Teicher claims that Wolfe was
A Thomas Wolfe || developing greater artistic and emotional control of his work. Yet the soul searching in
Photo Album Of Time and the River neither focused his later prose nor enabled him to reject the
personal boosterism he seems to have needed. His ability to use words to make the
ordinary places and events illustrated in TeicherTs book come alive could not resolve his
creative anxieties and emotional conflicts. Both Wolfe the man and Wolfe the artist
would have rejected the image of literary Titan that this photo album conveys. Rather
than oone of the great writers of the twentieth century,� WolfeTs assessment of his lifeTs
work might well be less mythical" one of unfulfilled promise. His expectations, and
those of the people who influenced him, were too high. Looking Homeward offers only a
glimpse of the wellsprings of WolfeTs creative power. Yet, in their dim, processional way
these photographs testify to the inchoate vitality of his fiction while fabricating an
American version of another myth " that of the prodigal son.
Morton I. Teicher
" William Fietzer
University of North Carolina at Charlotte
North Carolina Libraries Spring 1994 " 29
hildren are told at a young age that two brothers, Wilbur and Orville Wright,
flew the first plane and did so in North Carolina"possibly North CarolinaTs
greatest claim to fame. However, few rationalize the event beyond terse
notation of acclaim. In his book, Parramore delves deep into the events and
people, both local and national, that supported the WrightsT aeronautical
adventures. He does touch on the Wrights themselves in brief biographical
terms, but only to rationalize their development from tinkerers to aircraft manufacturers.
The real thrust of the work is to probe the oTar Heels� of Kitty Hawk
and the surrounding area and their relationships with the Wrights.
Parramore contends that without the kindness and help of the Kitty
Thomas C. Parramore. Hawkers, the Wrights might not have succeeded; he makes a good
Trium p h at K itty Hawk: The Wri ight case for this position by descriptive analysis of the turn-of-the-
century Outer Banks " a remote, inaccessible place inhabited mainly
Brothers and Powered F. light. by the descendants of shipwreck victims. He provides in-depth
Raleigh: Division of Archives and History, North Carolina
Department of Cultural Resources, 1993. 124pp. $8.00.
ISBN 0-86526-259-4.
information on a panoply of characters who either directly or
indirectly contributed to the first successful flight, from central
players such as Bill Tate who was oan up and coming young
man...better educated than most of his neighbors ...[he] had attended
school for four years...�, to obscure footnotes such as Tom Tate
(nephew of Bill). Tom, eleven years old at the time, o...unheralded for
it to this day, became the first Tar Heel to fly.�
The book itself is well-written, with plenty of vintage photographs of all the major
places and players. It is well indexed and footnoted. The logical progression of the
brothers from Ohio bicycle makers to world leaders in the race for powered flight
provides a steady framework for the author to explore the peculiar people and events
that surrounded the Wright brothersT quest. Tom Parramore is well known as an eminent
North Carolina historian with many books and awards for his efforts. He has succeeded,
once again, in bringing to light the social context surrounding the WrightsT experiments,
thus giving new life to stripped cold historical facts. The book is best suited to academic
libraries and large-to-medium public libraries with North Carolina collections.
"J. Boyd Bruce III
Hope Mills Library
ylvia Wilkinson definitely knows her stuff. Whether describing the intrica-
cies of manuevering a dusty, backroads race track or debating the value of
wire mesh windscreens and punctured motor mounts, it is apparent that
Wilkinson speaks from experience. As a racing timer and scorer for race car
champions such as Al Unser, Sr. and actor Paul Newman, Sylvia Wilkinson
has entered a male-dominated world where she admits she must be better
than the men who surround her. She brings her expertise and her North Carolina
background to her sixth novel, On the 7th Day, God Created the Chevrolet, detailing the
racing passion of young Tom Pate.
Set in rural North Carolina in the early sixties, the novel focuses on the world of
NASCAR racing and its subculture of tobacco-chewing, cussing, ogood-old-boy� drivers
and mechanics. If you're intrigued by a Ferrari on the Le Mans
circuit, you will be disappointed. This is the world of rebuilt Fords
Sylvia Wilkinson. and Chevys, shattered hulks stroked and smoothed into life by
loving, callused, grease-stained hands.
On the 7th D ay, Central character Tom Pate does odd jobs throughout his
God Created the Chevrolet. high school years in order to make payments on a car. He leaves
his family abruptly after his father makes one too many com-
Chapel Hill: Algonquin Books, 1993. 420 pp. $19.95. ments about the stupidity of racing: oDumbest thing ITve ever
26 " Spring 1994
ISBN 0-945575-13-0. heard of,� Hershel Pate went on, oa grown man driving a car as
fast as he can go in a circle so small he canTt help but run into
everybody elseTs cars .. . WhatTs the point of it?� For Tom, the
point is obvious, and he leaves to pursue his dream, abandoning a worshipful younger
brother, Zack. Zack eventually follows his brother to Greenmont and its dusty little
racetrack where racing careers are born as often as drivers are relegated to wheelchairs for
the rest of their lives.
WilkinsonTs plot meanders, beginning to seem a long-winded version of Henry JamesT
oThe Beast in the Jungle.� Like JamesT protagonist, Tom Pate waits futilely for destiny to
North Carolina Libraries
unfold. He ends as he begins " waiting for the right car, the right sponsor, the right track.
Of all WilkinsonTs characters, Zack seems the most human and believable. Others, male
and female, are portrayed unlovingly, and it is surprising that Wilkinson, liberated from
gender barriers herself, presents women in this novel as totally dependent on men. Men
fare little better as they mouth obscenities, treat their cars better than their women, and
display astounding ignorance of the world beyond: oWhen he read the caption, ~Monk sets
self afire in Vietnam,T it was the first time Tom had heard of a country called Vietnam .. .
He learned that Vietnam was in Asia and about the size of North Carolina.�
If her characters are less than admirable and often unworthy of our interest, they are
at least described with vivid precision: oZack saw flour scattered across CyTs motherTs
bosom, which hung over her belly like a snow-covered awning. Her dress, buttoned up
wrong, gave her a lopsided appearance. Noises bubbled from her mumbo jumbo like from
Soho the palmist, and she wore knots tied in her skirt to ward off demons.� The unique
descriptions do much to further the plodding plot, injecting vibrancy into a novel that
threatens to appeal to a select few.
On the 7th Day, God Created the Chevrolet is not a compelling page-turner that leaves
i i §| the reader wishing for another hundred pages. It is a story that lingers in the reader's
le | memory, provoking questions and providing a type of reassuring answer. This North
Carolina authorTs insight into the racing passions that motivate and often kill young
NASCAR drivers will appeal to many readers. An interesting addition to any public or
academic library that possesses a North Carolina collection, this book should be scruti-
nized carefully by high school librarians, taking note of the omnipresent profanity and
the immaturity of their patrons.
" Betsy Eubanks
Durham Academy Middle School Library
Other Publications of Interest
North Carolina Troops, 1861-1865: A Roster, Volume XIII, continues the excellent series
of military service records of North Carolinians who fought in the Civil War. Each
volume is more comprehensive than the last. This volume, which covers the Fifty-third
through the Fifty-sixth infantry regiments, continues the solid coverage of the service
record of each soldier who served. Additions include more detailed regimental and
company histories. Civil War letters, diaries, newspapers, reminiscences, and other
sources have been used to enhance the research. The Roster was compiled by Weymouth
T. Jordan, Jr., who was assisted by numerous archivists, librarians, and Civil War enthusi-
asts across the state. Footnotes, maps, and illustrations are valuable additions to this
volume. Every North Carolina collection, no matter the size, should have a set of these
carefully researched and comprehensive volumes. (1993; Historical Publications Section,
Division of Archives and History, 109 East Jones St, Raleigh, NC 27601-2807; xx, 752 pp;
cloth, $38 plus $3 postage; ISBN 0-86526-018-4.)
The North Carolina WritersT Network offers the 1993-94 North Carolina Literary Guide,
an informative listing of grants, residencies, literary magazines, small presses, writing
markets, agents, writers groups, independent bookstores, and many other literary oppor-
tunities, at a special discount rate for libraries. (1993; NCWN, P.O. Box 954, Carrboro, NC
27510; 27 pp; paper, $5.50, $4.00 for libraries postpaid; no ISBN.)
MUMFORD
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te
Algonquin Books publishes just one paperback each season, and this spring they have
brought back a favorite collection of short stories by Max Steele, The Hat of My Mother,
currently out of print in hardcover. The volume includes fourteen classics, among them
oThe Cat and the Coffee Drinkers,� the O. Henry Prize winner oColor the Daydream
Yellow,� and oWhere She Brushed Her Hair.� (1994; P.O. Box 2225, Chapel Hill, NC
27515-2225; 270 pp; paper, $9.95; ISBN 1-56512-076-0.)
Eugene E. Pfaff, Jr. and Michael Causey have collaborated on a mystery/horror novel set
in Piedmont North Carolina. Uwharrie is the story of the revenge exacted by the last
descendant of the tribe on the descendants of their white murderers, and a true, if
confusing, bloodbath it is. A bored small town librarian with a flair for archaeology
unravels the shameful secrets of his hometownTs past. (1993; Tudor Publishers, Inc., 3007
Taliaferro Rd, Greensboro, NC 27408; 246 pp; $19.95; ISBN 0-936389030-3.)
Every January, the Institute of Government publishes County Salaries in North Caro-
lina, a survey of salary and wage information for the current fiscal year. The book lists
population, total tax valuation, and salaries for fifty-three appointed and four elective
positions (where applicable), for each county. (1994; Publications Office, Institute of
Government, CB# 3330 Knapp Building, UNC-CH, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3330; 62 Pp;
paper; $14 plus 6% tax for North Carolina residents; ISBN 1-56011-268-9.)
Libraries with popular sports and travel sections will be especially interested in Gary
GentileTs Ironclad Legacy: Battles of the USS Monitor. The author recaps the military
history of the ship, and narrates his own court battle with the National Oceanic and
Atmospheric Administration to open the shipwreck site to divers. Eventually, he was able
to lead a photographic expedition to the site. Includes 32 pages of photographs. (1993;
Gary Gentile Productions, P.O. Box 57137, Philadelphia, PA 19111; 280 pp; cloth, $25
postpaid; ISBN 0-9621453-8-6.) Gentile is also the author and publisher of the Popular
Dive Guide Series, which includes Shipwrecks of North Carolina: From the Diamond Shoals
North (1993; 240 pp; paper, $20; ISBN 0-9621453-7-8) and Shipwrecks of North Carolina:
From Hatteras Inlet South (1992; 232 pp; paper, $20; ISBN 0-9621453-5-1).
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28 " Spring 1994 North Carolina Libraries
. "
he aguiappeT North Carcliniana
unexpected gift or benefit. [Louisiana French]
A Sumptuous Salmagundi:
The North Carolina
Literary Review
by Plummer Alston Jones, Jr.
North Carolina Literary Review. (1992- ; Alex Albright, editor; Greenville,
NC: English Department, East Carolina University (27858-4353).
Telephone: (919) 757-4876; two issues per year; $15 for one year,
$28 for two years).
North CarolinaTs state literary magazine, the North Carolina Literary Review (NCLR), is
published by the English Department at East Carolina University and the North Carolina
Literary and Historical Association. NCLR, which began publication in 1992, is the long-
awaited literary complement to the North Carolina Historical Review, also published by
the North Carolina Literary and Historical Association since 1924.
With a circulation of approximately 1,200, NCLR treats its readership to a cornuco-
pia of creative and expository writing, poetry and prose, fiction and nonfiction, current
and retrospective items, all focusing on the lives and works of North Carolina writers. A
very substantial publication, the first two issues include over four hundred pages of text,
photographs, and original artwork.
Brief highlights of the first two issues include an essay by writer Fred Chappell, an
interview with poet and novelist Linda Beatrice Brown, literary tributes to writers
Thomas Wolfe and Manly Wade Wellman; poetry of A. R. Ammons, James Applewhite,
and Randall Jarrell; short stories by Louise Anderson, Leon Rooke, and Michael Parker; a
syllabus on oBlack and White in North Carolina Literature� by Sally Buckner; and oA
Directory of Small Magazines and Literary Journals in North Carolina� by Tim Hampton.
Regular departments include essays on freedom of speech by Gene D. Lanier; descrip-
tions of archival collections on North Carolina writers, including an article by Maurice
C. York on the Inglis Fletcher Papers at East Carolina University; and an ongoing,
serialized dictionary of North Carolina writers, compiled by John Patterson and dedi-
cated to the memory of North Carolina literary historian Richard Walser.
Each of the two issues published thus far has included reviews of works by North
Carolina writers, reports of literary events and gatherings across the state, current news
items regarding North Carolina writers, portfolios of original photographs and drawings,
and observations and reflections on North Carolina life by NCLR correspondent Linda
Flowers. The editorial staff under the editorship of Alex Albright has integrated these
diverse elements into a unified whole and, in the process, created a publication which is
not only a delight to read, but also pleasing to the eye.
NCLR is nothing short of a sumptuous salmagundi " a literary feast to whet the
appetites of North Carolinians and other Tar-Heels-at-heart who relish and savor the
literature of North Carolina. NCLR should be found alongside the North Carolina
Historical Review on the periodical display shelves of high school and public libraries in
North Carolina and in the collections of academic and special libraries regardless of
locale where readers turn for information on the Southern literary scene.
North Carolina Libraries
Spring 1994 " 29
NortTH CAROLINA LIBRARY ASSOCIATION
Minutes of the Executive Board
January 28. 1994
The first North Carolina Library Association Executive Board
meeting of the 1993-1995 Biennium was held January 28, 1994,
at Caraway Conference Center near Asheboro. President Gwen
Jackson presided. The following Executive Board members and
Committee Chairs were present: Shelia Bailey, Barbara Baker,
Augie Beasley, Margaret Blanchard, Frances Bradburn, Joan
Carothers, Wanda Brown Cason, John Childers, Cynthia Cobb,
Eleanor Cook, Bryna Coonin, Michael Cotter, Martha Davis,
Anne Marie Elkins, Kem Ellis, David Fergusson, Martha Fonville,
Janet Freeman, Dale Gaddis, Edna Gambling, Beverley Gass,
Gwen Jackson, Judy LeCroy, Cheryl McLean, Sandra Neerman,
Sandra Smith, Carol Southerland, John Via, and Catherine
Wilkinson.
Welcome was extended to visitors Marjorie Lindsey, Sandy
Cooper, and Elinor Swaim, as well as to the following Vice Chairs:
Kathryn Crowe, Karen Perry, Betty Meehan-Black, Renee Pridgen,
Beth Hutchison, Sue Cody, Janet Flowers, Carol Freeman, and
Phyllis Johnson.
Wanda Brown Cason presented the Fourth Quarter TreasurerTs
Report and the 1993 Sections Report. Michael Cotter inquired
whether the Sections Report included conference grants and was
told that it did. Both reports were approved as presented.
Administrative Assistant, Martha Fonville, distributed a sched-
ule for Executive Board meetings for 1994 and announced that
the 1995 schedule is being finalized. Meetings will be held on
April 15, 1994, at Carteret Community College in Morehead
City; on July 15, 1994, at Appalachian State University in Boone;
and on October 14, 1994, at Chavis Lifelong Learning Library in
Greensboro. A membership report showing total membership at
2332 was also distributed. She reminded Board members that she
is in the NCLA office from 9:00-1:00 Monday through Friday.
Kem Ellis, Chair of the Constitution, Codes, and Handbook
Revision Committee told the Board that every member and
Committee Chair should have a copy of the handbook. Hand-
books are to be kept and maintained during a term of office, then
passed on to oneTs successor with proper updates in place and in
good condition. Any member without a copy should contact
Martha Fonville.
Carol Southerland reported for the Governmental Relations
Committee. Members have not yet been appointed to this
committee, and she asked that names be submitted that would
reflect a variety of government areas. A brief written report was
distributed. A February 1 deadline necessitated immediate action
to decide the extent of NCLATs financial support of ALA Legisla-
tive Day which will be observed April 19, 1994, in Washington,
D.C. Chair Southerland asked if the $6 registration fee had been
paid. David Fergusson responded that the organization will pay
it for NCLA members who decide to attend. Discussion followed
about deducting the NCLA contribution to Legislative Day from
30 " Spring 1994
the budget line item entitled oALA National Office.� John
Childers moved that o$100 be taken from the ALA National
Office unexpended NCLA budget to pay for the NCLA contribu-
tion to ALA Legislative Day.� Augie Beasley seconded the motion
and it was approved. The Governmental Relations Committee
will have rooms reserved for both breakfast and luncheon gath-
erings in Washington to entertain North CarolinaTs legislative
delegation. Sections and Round Tables will pay for their repre-
sentatives to attend. It was requested that brochures touting
specific programs be provided to distribute to legislators in a
packet. Chairs need to send at least fifteen of the brochures to
Carol Southerland by March 1. No date has been set for State
Legislative Day and the Association is not presently involved in
planning for it, but the Committee will contact state legislators
when appropriate. David Fergusson distributed a written report
from Legislative Day in 1992 and 1993.
Anne Marie Elkins reported from the Literacy Committee.
On March 7-8 the committee will conduct a workshop for the
eighteen directors of North Carolina public libraries where Smart
Start has been appropriated. The purpose of the workshop is to
help directors and their staffs become involved in Smart Start
community efforts.
It was reported by Eleanor Cook, Chair of the Publications
Committee, that the committee is not yet formed. The next
newsletter will contain reports from the Executive Board Retreat.
Those who have information for the newsletter should send it on
the designated form or via email, fax, or regular mail service. The
newsletter has been successful, but financial arrangements for its
continued publication still need to be finalized. One automation
company has offered to set up the newsletter electronically.
David Fergusson submitted a written report from SELA and
announced that the 1994 Conference will be held in Charlotte
October 26-29. He encouraged all to join SELA, noting that first-
time membership is only $10.
As a matter of old business, President Jackson informed
members that three recommendations of the NCLA Long-Range
Fiscal Planning Task Force remained to be considered, having
been postponed at the July 16 Executive Board meeting in order
to wait fora membership vote on changes in dues structure. Since
the membership did approve the recommendation to ocollect
dues annually (on a calendar year basis) rather than biennially
and adjust the dues structure...,� board action became imperative
for the consideration of Recommendation 8 which states: oIfthe
revised annual dues structure is adopted, change allocation to
sections and round tables to $5 per member annually with
additional sections being $5 each.� The motion and second to
accept this recommendation had been made previously, so
discussion was entertained. David Fergusson suggested that the
motion might be amended to allow the addition of a second
North Carolina Libraries
lle
section for $3 in order to benefit the smaller sections. Barbara
Baker commented that this might cause collection of dues to be
more complicated. The recommendation as originally stated was
approved unanimously.
President Jackson then brought Recommendations 2.b, 2.c,
and 3 to the attention of the Board. Janet Freeman made the
following motion: that othe vote on Recommendations 2 and 3
of the Long-Range Fiscal Planning Task Force (postponed to this
meeting at the July 16, 1993 Board meeting) be postponed to the
April 15, 1994 meeting of the Board.� The motion was seconded
by Dale Gaddis. Recommendations 2 and 3 will be influenced by
the report of the Audit and Accounting Committee which is not
complete at this time. The motion was passed..
Sandy Cooper, Director, Division of State Library, Depart-
ment of Cultural Resources, presented a report from the State
Library. She gave the Board an update on the Information
Highway which she said is discussed daily at the State Library.
106 sites for the Highway were recently identified, with 80 more
sites to be named in early 1995. Of those 80 sites she understands
that most will be libraries. In addition to the attention given to
the Information Highway, the State Library is monitoring discus-
sion about the fate of Internet accounts for libraries, and working
on the North Carolina Information Network, which has been a
model for other states. Another initiative garnering attention
from the State Library staff is Smart Start. Smart Start is the
GovernotrTs initiative to try and meet the needs of pre-schoolers
in North Carolina. Robin Britt, Secretary of Human Resources, is
especially interested in seeing that public libraries become an
important part of the Smart Start teams in the eighteen demon-
stration programs that are currently being developed across the
state. The State Library has received a $690,000 grant for
continuation of a newspaper cataloging project. On February 14
Janice DelNegro will join the library staff as Youth Services
Consultant. She is coming from the Chicago Public Library. John
Welch is spearheading an investigation of the possibility for
locating the North Carolina Center for the Book in Southern
Pines when the public library there moves into new quarters. A
preliminary budget for the State Library has been formulated for
the short legislative session with its primary emphasis being on
recouping some of the money lost in the last session, especially
in the area of operating expenses.
Gwen Jackson presented Sandy Cooper a gift of North
Carolina pottery in appreciation of her having served as facilita-
tor for the training sessions conducted for Executive Board
members and Committee Chairs prior to the business meeting.
President Jackson urged the Nominating Committee to
begin work very soon.
David Fergusson asked the group if there were suggestions or
comments that he should take to the Executive Committee for
the Information Highway at a meeting on February 2. There is no
representative of NCLA on the Library Team of the Information
Highway. After some discussion it was decided that President
Jackson would call Bill Graves to voice concern that all types of
libraries be represented in these efforts.
Gwen Jackson urged that the organization continue to
oCelebrate Libraries� in this 90th year of NCLA. Board members
were urged to turn in their completed ALA self-study forms. As
a follow-up of the training sessions conducted by Sandy Cooper,
Board members will receive by February 15 summary informa-
tion and assignments related to the areas of focus that have been
identified. The April 15 meeting will be another work session on
these subjects.
Guest Elinor Swaim expressed her appreciation of libraries in
North Carolina and stressed the importance of NCLA in main-
taining a rich library heritage.
North Carolina Libraries
Augie Beasley, Chair of the North Carolina Association of
School Librarians, announced that NCASLTs Conference will be
held October 6-7, 1994.
The following written reports were submitted to the Board:
DOCUMENTS SECTION
The Documents Section sponsored a program, oCitizensT Rights
and Access to Government Information,� at the NCLA Biennial
Conference in October, 1993. About 60 people heard the talks by
Hugh Stevens, attorney for the North Carolina Press Association,
and Eric Massant, Executive Editor, Congressional Information
Service, Inc., and participated in a question-and-answer session.
The Section also co-sponsored, with the Technology and Trends
Committee, a very successful program, oLibraries and the Internet/
NREN: Realizing the Potential,� featuring Charles R. McClure
giving an informative and humorous keynote speech to a stand-
ing-room-only audience.
The Section is planning to present its Spring Workshop on
the topic of Geographic Information Systems on Friday, May 6,
1994. Itis hoped that the program will feature the systems in use
at some libraries in North Carolina. Richard Fulling, Vice-Chair/
Chair-Elect of the Documents Section, is program chair.
Documents librarians are following with interest (and some
apprehension) the proposed restructuring of the Government
Printing Office and implementation of the Federal governmentTs
information policy. H.R. 3400, the Government Reform and
Savings Act, includes a title which would restructure the GPO and
the Depository Library Program (DLP). Our concern is whether
the proposed changes would reduce the effectiveness of the DLP
in distributing government information to the public; this is of
particular importance in view of current efforts by documents
librarians to suggest proposed changes in the DLP that would be
accepted by Congress. An article by Anne Heanue, oWhither the
Depository Library Program?,� in the January, 1994 issue of
American Libraries, summarizes the issues.
Proposals to implement the National Information Infra-
structure (NII) are also of concern for glossing over, at this time,
the roles of libraries and the DLP. Charles McClure discussed
some of these issues at his speech at the biennial conference.
Librarians are urged to inform their legislators of the need to
assign a prominent role to libraries as the NII takes shape.
" Michael Cotter
GOVERNMENTAL RELATIONS COMMITTEE
1. Committee suggestions are needed. To include good
geographic coverage.
2. Plans are underway for ALA Legislative Day. April 19, 1994.
In Washington, D.C. " Happy Anniversary!
A. Registration $6.00
B. Contribution amount___
C. Rooms are reserved for breakfast (Capitol) and luncheon
(Senate). Thanks to Senator HelmsT office. No other
room arrangements are available.
D. We will be calling for oplatforms� from the various
sections, round tables, etc.
3. This committee is not at this time involved in Legislative
Day, Raleigh. Sponsored by Public Library Directors.
4. As soon as a committee is in place, we hope to set up a
network to communicate fast breaking items and to solicit
quick responses by constituencies.
5. We will call for state oplatforms� from the various sections,
round tables, etc., as well.
" Carol Southerland
Spring 1994 " 31
GOVERNMENTAL RELATIONS, 1991-93 BIENNIUM
National Legislative Day & Conference Program
The 1992 Legislative Day was done as in the past, with
individually scheduled visits to each office. Turnout was good
and we feel that our legislators received our thanks for their
consideration, which is the main thing we try to do.
Legislative Day, 1993, was done using a new format, whereby
we obtained a dining room at the Capitol and lobbied our people
at aluncheon between noon and 2:00 PM. Over 20 of us met with
about 13 Congresspersons and aides. It seemed to go very well for
both, and was much easier for our schedules and feet. The chance
to informally talk with them seemed to be effective.
The conference program with Iowa State Sen. Richard J. Varn
and the new State Librarian Sandy Cooper was standing room
only, before lunch the morning of the first day of the conference,
when attendance is regularly low. We were very pleased with the
attendance and the impact of both speakers. We got positive
feedback all week. The program was funded with a conference
grant.
" David Fergusson
NORTH CAROLINA ASSOCIATION OF SCHOOL
LIBRARIANS SECTION
The NCASL Retreat was held in Chapel Hill at the Institute of
Government the weekend of January 7-9. Debra Henzey, Assis-
tant Director of the North Carolina Association of County
Commissioners, and Pat Thomas, Director of Personnel for
Chapel Hill, spent the weekend at the retreat discussing group
dynamics and giving direction as the NCASL Executive Board
wrote goals and objectives for the 1993-1995 NCASL biennium.
" Augie E. Beasley
SELA
The SELA Biennial Conference was held in New Orleans, May
18-21, 1992, and was successful, with about 2,000 people regis-
tered, 1410 paid. North CarolinaTs Ed Holly was the winner of
SELATs most distinguished award, the Rothrock. Membership
had dropped somewhat. State Reps were asked to submit oState-
side News� columns for the journal, Southeastern Librarian, which
I have done religiously, unlike some others.
The Leadership Workshop, to kick off the biennium, was
held in Atlanta in February. Attendance was high. It was
announced that the 1994 Conference would be held in Char-
lotte, N.C. which was great news for our state. N. C. was third in
SELA membership, with 130. Iserve on an Ad-Hoc Committee to
investigate SELA-SOLINET cooperation and have been looking
into sharing administrative services and/or office space.
It is hoped that many NCLA sections or committees will
work with our SELA friends to perhaps do some joint program-
ming at the conference in Charlotte. Note: Bob Cannon,
Director of the P.L.C.M.C., was elected Treasurer of SELA.
I have communicated to the SELA Nominating Committee
a desire to see more minorities represented in leadership posi-
tions in SELA. We are still seeking new members and encourage
you to join or encourage others to do so.
" David Fergusson
There being no further business, the meeting was adjourned.
Respectfully submitted,
Judy LeCroy, Secretary
TAB BOOKS
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SATS AIT OE LET MNOS ST EL I Oy EN
32 " Spring 1994
North Carolina Library Association
Minutes of the Executive Committee
January 28, 1994
A meeting of the Executive Committee was called at Caraway
Conference Center following the Executive Board meeting on
January 28, 1994. John Via made two motions related to the estab-
lishment of telecommunication links among NCLA members:
1) that othe Executive Committee authorize the establish-
ment of an electronic ~list-servT for the exchange of informa-
tion among the membership of NCLA and others interested
in NCLA activities. If necessary, the Technology and Trends
Committee will be asked to locate a site and a manager.�
David Fergusson seconded this motion and it was unani-
mously approved.
2) that oNCLA provide commercial Internet accounts for
Executive Committee members not on the Internet and for
the NCLA Administrative Assistant (for the conduction of
NCLA business) until such time as their employers or insti-
tutions provide them Internet access.� This motion was also
seconded by David Fergusson who then proposed an amend-
ment that the above action be investigated so that the
Executive Board can act to provide such access at the April 15
meeting. Sandy Neerman seconded this amendment and the
amended motion was unanimously approved.
John Via will investigate the above possibilities and report at
the April 15 meeting with recommendations.
Respectfully submitted,
Judy LeCroy, Secretary
North Carolina Libraries
.
North Carolina Libraries
ABOUT THE AUTHORS
Harlan Greene
Education: B.A. College of Charleston
Position: Executive Director, North Carolina Preservation
Consortium
Marcella Grendler
Education: B.A. Mundelein College; M.A. University of
Wisconsin; M.L.S. University of Illinois; Ph.D.
University of Toronto
Position: Associate University Librarian for Special Collections,
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Margaret Miles
Education: B.A. University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill;
M.S.L.S. University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Position: ChildrenTs Librarian, New Hanover County Public
Library, Wilmington
David J. Olson
Education: B.A. Hastings College; M.A. University of Nebraska
Position: State Archivist, Division of Archives and History,
Department of Cultural Resources, Raleigh
Pat Ryckman
Education: B.A. University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill;
MS.L.S., University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Position: Manager, Robinson-Spangler Carolina Room,
Public Library of Charlotte & Mecklenberg County
Benjamin F. Speller, Jr.
Education: B. A. North Carolina Central University;
M.A., Ph.D. Indiana University
Position: Dean and Professor, School of Library and Information
Sciences, North Carolina Central University, Durham
Tired of making
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Ralph M. Davis, Sales Representativ
P.O. Box 144 »
Rockingham, NC 28379
1-800-545-2714
Spring 1994 " 33
ose Sr CR SE aR NR AN ES oe eI IE Ry eed ee ee eee OS
Nort Caro.ina Liprary ASSOCIATION 1993-1995 ExeEcuTIVE BoarD
PRESIDENT
Gwen Jackson
Southeast Technical Assistance Ctr.
2013 Lejeune Blvd.
Jacksonville, NC 28546-7027
Telephone: 919/577-8920
Fax: 919/577-1427
VICE PRESIDENT/
PRESIDENT ELECT
David Fergusson
Forsyth County Public Library
660 W. Fifth St.
Winston-Salem, NC 27101
Telephone: 910/727-2556
Fax: 910/727-2549
D_FERGUSSON@BOOKS.FORSYTH.
WSNC.ORG
SECRETARY
Judy LeCroy
Davidson County Schools
P. O. Box 2057
Lexington, NC 27293-2057
Telephone: 704/249-8181
Fax: 704/249-1062
JLECROY@DAVIDSN.CERF.FRED.ORG
TREASURER
Wanda Brown Cason
Wake Forest University Library
PO Box 7777 Reynolda Station
Winston-Salem, NC 27109-7777
Telephone: 910/759-5094
Fax: 910/759-9831
WCASONG@LIB. WFUNET.WFU.EDU
DIRECTORS
Sandra Neerman
Greensboro Public Library
P.O. Box 3178
Greensboro, NC 27402-3178
Telephone: 910/373-269
Fax: 910/333-6781
John E. Via
Z. Smith Reynolds Library
Wake Forest University
Box 7777 Reynolda Station
Winston-Salem, NC 27109-7777
Telephone: 910/759-5483
Fax: 910/759-9831
JEV@LIB.WFUNET.WFU.EDU
ALA COUNCILOR
Martha E. Davis
M. W. Bell Library
Guilford Tech. Comm. College
PQ abOxXs509)
Jamestown, NC 27282-0309
Telephone: 910/334-4822
Fax: 910/841-4350
SELA REPRESENTATIVE
David Fergusson
Forsyth County Public Library
660 W. Fifth St.
Winston-Salem, NC 27101
Telephone: 910/727-2556
Fax: 910/727-2549
D_FERGUSSON@BOOKS.FORSYTH.
WSNC.ORG
EDITOR, North Carolina Libraries
Frances Bryant Bradburn
Media and Technology
State Dept. of Public Instruction
301 N. Wilmington Street
Raleigh, NC 27601-2825
Telephone: 919/715-1528
Fax: 919/733-4762
FBRADBUR@DPI1.DPI.NC.GOV
PAST-PRESIDENT
Janet L. Freeman
Carlyle Campbell Library
Meredith College
3800 Hillsborough St.
Raleigh, NC 27607-5298
Telephone: 919/829-8531
Fax: 919/829-2830
FREEMAN@UNCECS.EDU
ADMINISTRATIVE ASSISTANT
(ex officio)
Martha Fonville
North Carolina Library Association
c/o State Library of North Carolina
Rm. 27 109 E. Jones St.
Raleigh, NC 27601-1023
Telephone: 919/839-6252
Fax: 919/839-6252
SLLA.MNF (NCDCR Prime address)
SECTION CHAIRS
CHILDRENTS SERVICES SECTION
Edna Gambling
Creech Road Elementary School
450 Creech Road
Garner, NC 27529
Telephone: 919/662-2359
COLLEGE anp UNIVERSITY SECTION
Plummer Alston Jones, Jr.
Iris Holt McEwen Library
Elon College
P. O. Box 187
Elon College, NC 27244
Telephone: 910/584-2338
Fax: 910/584-2479
JONESAL@VAX1.ELON.EDU
COMMUNITY anp JUNIOR
COLLEGE LIBRARIES SECTION
Shelia Bailey
Rowan-Cabarrus Comm. College
P. O. Box 1595
Salisbury, NC 28144
Telephone: 704/637-0760
Fax: 704/637-6642
DOCUMENTS SECTION
Michael Cotter
Joyner Library
East Carolina University
Greenville, NC 27858-4353
Telephone: 919/757-6533
919/757-4882
Fax: 919/757-4834
LBCOTTER@ECUVM1.BITNET
LIBRARY ADMINISTRATION anp
MANAGEMENT SECTION
Dale Gaddis
Durham County Library
P. O. Box 3809
Durham, NC 27702
Telephone: 919/560-0160
Fax: 919/560-0106
NORTH CAROLINA ASSOCIATION
OF SCHOOL LIBRARIANS
Augie Beasley
East Mecklenburg High School
6800 Monroe Drive
Charlotte, NC 28212
Telephone: 704/343-6430
Fax: 704/343-6437
ABEASLEY@CHARLOT.CERF.
FRED.ORG
NORTH CAROLINA PUBLIC
LIBRARY TRUSTEES ASSOCIATION
John Childers
1101 Johnston Street
Greenville, NC 27858
Telephone: 919/757-6280 (w)
Fax: 919/757-6283
PUBLIC LIBRARY SECTION
Margaret Blanchard
Central North Carolina
Regional Library
342 S. Spring Street
Burlington, NC 27215
Telephone: 910/229-3588
Fax: 910/229-3592
REFERENCE anp ADULT SERVICES
Bryna Coonin
D. H. Hill Library
North Carolina State University
Box 7111
Raleigh, NC 27695-7111
Telephone: 919/515-2936
Fax: 919/515-7098
BRYNA_COONIN@NCSU.EDU
RESOURCES anp TECHNICAL
SERVICES SECTION
Catherine Wilkinson
Belk Library
Appalachian State University
Boone, NC 28608
Telephone: 704/262-2774
Fax: 704/262-3001
WILKINSNCL@CONRAD.APP
STATE.EDU
ROUND TABLE CHAIRS
NEW MEMBERS ROUND TABLE
Maria Miller
Lorillard Research Ctr. Library
420 English Street
Greensboro, NC 27405
Telephone: 910/373-6895
Fax: 910/373-6640
MILLERMS@CHAR.VNET.NET
NORTH CAROLINA LIBRARY
PARAPROFESSIONAL ASSOCIATION
Joan Carothers
Public Library of Charlotte and
Mecklenburg County
310 N. Tryon Street
Charlotte, NC 28202
Telephone: 704/336-2980
Fax: 704/336-2677
ROUND TABLE FOR ETHNIC
MINORITY CONCERNS
Cynthia Cobb
Cumberland Co. Public Library
300 Maiden Lane
Fayetteville, NC 28301
Telephone: 910/483-0543
Fax: 910/483-8644
ROUND TABLE ON SPECIAL
COLLECTIONS
Sharon Snow
Wake Forest University Library
P.O. Box 7777 Reynolda Station
Winston-Salem, NC 27109-7777
Telephone: 910/759-5755
Fax: 910/759-9831
SNOW@LIB.WFUNET.WFU.EDU
ROUND TABLE ON THE STATUS
OF WOMEN IN LIBRARIANSHIP
Anne Marie Elkins
State Library of North Carolina
109 E. Jones Street
Raleigh, NC 27601-2807
Telephone: 919/733-2570
Fax: 919/733-8748
SLAD.AME@NCDCR.NCDCR.GOV
74 " Spring 1994
North Carolina Libraries
[a
Editor
FRANCES BRYANT BRADBURN
Media and Technology
State Dept. of Public Instruction
301 N. Wilmington Street
Raleigh, NC 27601-2825
919/715-1528
919/733-4762 (FAX)
FBRADBUR@DPI1.DPILNC.GOV
Associate Editor
ROSE SIMON
Dale H. Gramley Library
Salem College
Winston-Salem, NC 27108
(910) 721-2649
Associate Editor
JOHN WELCH
Division of State Library
109 East Jones Street
Raleigh, NC 27601-2807
(919) 733-2570
Book Review Editor
DOROTHY DAVIS HODDER
New Hanover Co. Public Library
201 Chestnut Street
Wilmington, NC 28401
(910) 341-4389
Lagniappe/Bibliography
Coordinator
PLUMMER ALSTON JONES, JR.
Iris Holt McEwen Library
Elon College
PO Box 187
Elon College, NC 27244
(910) 584-2338
Indexer
MICHAEL COTTER
Joyner Library
East Carolina University
Greenville, NC 27858-4353
(919) 757-6533
Advertising Manager/Point
CounterPoint Editor
HARRY TUCHMAYER
New Hanover Co. Public Library
201 Chestnut Street
Wilmington, NC 28401
(910) 341-4036
ChildrenTs Services
LINDA TANENBAUM
Forsyth County Public Library
660 W. Fifth Street
Winston-Salem, NC 27101
(910) 727-2214
College and University
ARTEMIS KARES
Joyner Library
East Carolina University
Greenville, NC 27858-4353
(919) 757-6067
Community and Junior College
BARBARA MILLER
Paul H. Thompson Library
Fayetteville Tech. Comm. College
PO Box 35236
Fayetteville, NC 28303
(910) 678-8253
Documents
MICHAEL VAN FOSSEN
BA/BS Documents
Davis Library CB #3912
University of North Carolina
Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3912
(919) 962-1151
North Carolina Libraries
i
EDITORIAL STAFF
Round Table on Special Collections
MEGAN MULDER
Wake Forest University Library
PO Box 7777 Reynolda Station
Winston-Salem, NC 27109-7777
(910) 759-5091
Round Table on the Status of
Women in Librarianship
JOAN SHERIF
Northwestern Regional Library
111 North Front Street
Elkin, NC 28621
(910) 835-4894
Public Library Section
CAL SHEPARD
Division of State Library
109 East Jones St.
Raleigh, NC 27601-2807
(919) 733-2570
Reference/Adult Services
SUZANNE WISE
Belk Library
Appalachian State University
Boone, NC 28608
(704) 262-2189
Resources and Technical Services
Library Administration and
Management Section
JOLINE EZZELL
Perkins Library
Duke University
Durham, NC 27706
(919) 660-5880
New Members Round Table
EILEEN MCCLUSKEY PAPILE
Cumberland Co. Public Library
6882 Cliffdale Road
Fayetteville, NC 28314
(910) 864-3800
N.C. Asso. of School Librarians CAROL STANLEY Wired to the World Editor
DIANE KESSLER Everett Library RALPH LEE SCOTT
Riverside High School Queens College Joyner Library
3218 Rose of Sharon Road 1900 Selwyn Ave. East Carolina University
Charlotte, NC 28274
(704) 337-2494
Round Table for Ethnic/Minority
Concerns
JEAN WILLIAMS
F.D. Bluford Library
NC A &T State University
Greensboro, NC 27411
(910) 334-7753
Librarians,
When your library
needs children's
books, why not consult
with a specialist?
Greenville, NC 27858-4353
(919) 757-6533
Trustees
JOHN CHILDERS
Department of Psychology
East Carolina University
Greenville, NC 27858-4353
(919) 757-6280
Durham, NC 27712
(919) 560-3965
North Carolina Library
Paraprofessional Association
MELANIE HORNE
Cumberland Co. Public Library
6882 Cliffdale Road
Fayetteville, NC 28314
(910) 864-5002
At Book Wholesalers, we specialize in supplying libraries with
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We offer you:
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Spring 1994 " 39
NCLA
North Carolina Library Association
Use the application below to enroll as a member of the North Carolina Library Asssociation or to renew your
membership. All memberships are for one calendar year. THE MEMBERSHIP YEAR IS JANUARY 1 THROUGH
DECEMBER 31. If you join during the last quarter of the year, membership covers the next year.
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additional section or round table, add $5.00. Return this form with your check or money order, payable to
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NCLA DUES
(Membership and One Section or Round Table)
m LIBRARY PERSONNEL
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(Trustee, Non-salaried, or Friends
of Libraries member)..-...........:; $15
m INSTITUTIONAL (Libraries &
Library/Education-related
IBUSIMESSES) Boe eee. cried newts... $50
Rarer pscOnpiles OOO) occ cre csace $15
Earning $15,001 to $25,000........... $25
Karin g$2.5, 00 1sto, $35, 0000.8. cx $30
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ChildrenTs Services
College & University Section
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Documents Section
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NC Association of School Librarians
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AMOUNT ENCLOSED: (SEE ABOVE)
$
TYPE OF LIBRARY I WORK IN:
Academic
Public $
School
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NCLA
Membership and one section/round table
$5.00 for each additional section/round table
TOTAL (PLEASE DO NOT SEND CASH)
Mail to: North Carolina Library Association
c/o State Library of North Carolina
109 East Jones Street
Raleigh, NC 27601-1023
THANK YOU FOR YOUR SUPPORT, NCLA Office Hours: Mon.-Fri. 9-1 Telephone (Voice & FAX) 919/839-NCLA
Chapel Hull
A Southern Life
Letters of Paul Green,
I9IO"I98I
Edited by
Laurence G. Avery
Paul Green (1894-1981),
who won the Pulitzer
& \ Prize in 1927 for In
AbrahamTs Bosom, was a
compelling force in the
emerging New South.
This exceptional
collection of GreenTs
lively letters to such
figures as Sherwood
Anderson, Langston Hughes,
Richard Wright, John Dos Passos, Zora Neale
Hurston, and others interested in the arts and human
rights in the South, illuminates the life and times of
North CarolinaTs inspiring playwright and activist.
«_, a fascinating portrait.T"Jackson R. Bryer,
University of Maryland at College Park
-2105-5, March, $49.95
Fred W. Morrison Series in Southern Studies
Dictionary of North Carolina
Biography
Volume 5, P-S
Edited by William S. Powell
oTt is remarkable that one tireless professor and
an assortment of researchers . . . could produce a
volume so rich in detail and human drama.�
"Charlotte Observer
The Dictionary of North Carolina Biography, the most
comprehensive state project of its kind, will provide
information on some four thousand notable North
Carolinians "native and adopted "whose accom-
plishments and occasional misdeeds span four
centuries. Volume 5, P-S, includes 729 entries. The
final volume is scheduled for publication in 1995.
-2100-4, April, 7% X 1, $49.95
Also available
Volume 1, A-C
-1329-X, $4.9.95
Volume 3, H-K
-1806-2, $49.95
Volume 4, L-O
-I918-2, $49.95
Volume 2, D-G
-1656-6, $49.95
Great Stories, Great Lives from
Along Freedom Road
Hyde County, North Carolina, and the Fate
of Black Schools in the South
by David S. Cecelski
The moving story of a rural black communityTs
fight to save its two schools. The 1968-69 school
boycott in Hyde County, N.C., was one of the
most sustained and successful protests of the
civil rights movement. As the first book about
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the dismantling of African-American education,
its meaning within the community, and issues of
cultural survival.
-2126-8, April, $32.50 cloth
-4437-3, April, $14.95 Tr paper
New in paperback
Humor of a Country Lawyer
by Sam J. Ervin, Jr.
A lifetime of wit and wisdom"told in the late
Senator ErvinTs inimitable style.
-44.64-0, March, $11.95 Tr paper
A Chapel Hill Book
New in paperback
The Good ChildTs River
by Thomas Wolfe
Edited and with an Introduction
by Suzanne Stutman
A rediscovered Wolfe novel with
all the hallmarks of his best work.
oShows Thomas Wolfe at his
boldest, richest, and most
poetic.T"" Christian Science
Monitor
-2002-4, available, $24.95 Tr cloth
-4457-8, February, $14.95 Ir paper
H. Eugene and Lillian Youngs Lehman Sertes
ISBN prefix 0-8078
The University of
North Carolina Press
Chapel Hill 27515-2288
Toll-free orders:
Phone (800) 848-6224 or Fax (800) 272-6817
EZOT-LO9LZ PUT[OIED YON ~Ysraley
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Upcoming Issues
Summer 1994 Libraries and the Economy Rental Sy
John Welch, Guest Editor rms
Fall 1994 The Virtual Library aon
Gary Harden, Guest Editor ADS
Winter 1994 Money Changing in the Library
Harry Tuchmayer, Guest Editor
Spring 1995 Sex and the Library
Dr. Pauletta Bracy, Guest Editor
Summer 1995 Resource Sharing =
Barbara Miller, Guest Editor
Fall 1995 School Libraries
Diane Kessler, Guest Editor
Winter 1995 Conference Issue
Unsolicited articles dealing with the above themes or any issue of interest to North Carolina librarians
are welcomed. Please contact the editor for manuscript guidelines and deadlines.
North Carolina Libraries, published four times a year, is the official publication of the North
Carolina Library Association. Membership dues include a subscription to North Carolina
Libraries. Membership information may be obtained from the Administrative Assistant of
NCLA. Subscription rates are $32.00 per year, or $10.00 per issue, for domestic
subscriptions; $50.00 per year, or $15.00 per issue, for foreign subscriptions. Backfiles are
maintained by the editor. Microfilm copies are available through University Microfilms.
North Carolina Libraries is indexed by Library Literature and publishes its own annual index.
Editorial correspondence should be addressed to the editor; advertisement
correspondence should be addressed to the advertising manager. Articles are juried.
divd
ADVISOd ~S'N
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