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North Carolina LibrariesOnesTABLE OF CONTENTSNCLA Biennial Conference, 1989ISSN 0029-2540CONFERENCE ARTICLES211 Libraries: Designing for the T90s222 NCLA Conference AwardsPONE Twentieth-Century Perspectives for Librarians andLibrarianship, Jessie Carney Smith234 Management Style: At Least Once Ride a Wild Horse intothe Sun, Jerry D. Campbell239 Old and Rare Books: A Practical Approach for Librarians,Tom Broadfoot243 What Was on That Telephone Reference Carrousel atPLCM?247 So You Have to Plan a Conference... , Barbara Baker250 Believe Me, Conferences Are Worth the Effort! BeverlyTetterton251 Be Serious, They're Such a Hassle! Michael Cotter264 NCLA Section and Round Table Biennial Reports, 1987-1989FEATURES207 From the President253 . Library Research in North Carolina255 North Carolina Books270 NCLA Minutes272 NCLA ConstitutionCover: Jessie Carney Smith, oTwentieth-Century Perspectives for Advertisers: Book Wholesalers, 246; BroadfootTs 242; CapitalLibrarians and Librarianship,T North Carolina Libraries 47 Consortium, 257; Checkpoint, 254; Ebsco, 231; FAXON, 210;(Winter 1989): 227.Volume 47, Number 4GEAC, 261; H.W. Wilson, 206; Mumford Books, 219; Phiebig, 237;Quality Books, 249; SIRS, inside front cover; Southeastern Micro-film, 221; UNC Press, inside back cover.Winter 1989

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Libraries From the President LibrariesEditorTs Note: North Carolina Libraries wishes touse this column to introduce the president ofNCLA for the 1989-1991 biennium to the member-ship. Ms. Baker will begin her column with thenext issue.For those of us in small offices and old build- | | ll | |ings, it seems palatial"big, beautiful, bright, andoh-so-new. And yet, it has not always been thisway. When Barbara Baker arrived at DurhamTechnical Community College in September 1984,this learning resources center was only a plan onthe drawing board. Now its newness, its function-Cs eeality, its user-friendliness is another one of theee landmarks in BarbaraTs career as a librarian.This career"for Barbara as for many amongus"was rather unintentional. It originated in theguise of a Girl Scout volunteer at the CaldwellCounty Public Library in Lenoir. What began as aoquick and easy� way to earn a thirty-hour libraryaide bar intended to lead to the coveted GirlScout Curved Bar segued into a oquick and easy�summer job"omuch easier than going out andactually looking for one,T"and eventually pro-vided direction out of Western Piedmont Com-munity College where she was a student searchingfor what she wanted to do with the rest of her life.As Barbara describes it, oThe director of mypublic library was married to the director of thePe library at UNC-Asheville, and she suggested that if Cave ty &I would think about librarianship as a career,they would see if they could find a scholarship forme at UNC-A. I agreed. After all, all I had to dowas think about becoming a librarian, right? Butas I worked in the college library at UNC-A, I wasgiven more and more responsibility"and I likedthat. My greatest accomplishment was beingallowed to drop catalog cards below the rod. Itwas then I knew: this is my profession.�From UNC-Asheville to UNC-Chapel Hill tobecome a childrenTs librarian in a public librarywas only natural"after all, both her mentorswould have it no other way! It was a delightful,heady two years. As Barbara describes it, she hadall the ogreats�: Doralyn Hickey for cataloging, Budfor the HO"Winter 1989"207ISA|

Gambee for selection, etc. etc... And with thisfoundation, she rather naively determined her networth for the world of work: $10,000 a year"in1972.Determining her net worth was easy; realizingit was a bit more difficult. The first job she wasoffered was in a public library in Virginia for$7200 a year"hardly $10,000. And all the othersaround her were offering similar salaries. ButGaston College was offering a salary of $9444 for aserials librarian and, after all, she was a productof the community college system, and it was closeto $10,000. oI didnTt compromise my net worthmuch,� she grins.Promoted from serials librarian to technicalservices librarian, Barbara found Gaston Com-munity College a challenging, gratifying expe-rience. She really did everything in that library"after all, she was the only librarian there everysummer, so oI did whatever needed to be done.�And it would have been easy to stay. Everyone inNorth CarolinaTs community college system isapproximately the same age, and there are onlyfifty eight directors, so advancement opportuni-ties are scarce. It would have been easy torationalize the comfortable security of her origi-nal job.But in 1984 the directorship at Durham Techwas advertised, and Barbara realized that if shewanted to adance, she was going to have to atleast apply. But she was happy in Gastonia, con-tent to stay there forever; so when they called herfor an interview, she was philosophical. She toldthem what she could do and also what she possi-Incoming NCLA president Barbara Baker is shown presentingout-going president Patsy Hansel a token of the associationTsappreciation for her years of service.208"Winter 1989ably could not. oI was totally honest and withoutnerves"and they offered me the job anyway. Iwas flabbergasted! Then I had to decide if I reallywanted to come to Durham. After all, all I knewabout Durham was Honey's at Guess Road. ButITve been here five years and itTs home.�When Barbara arrived at Durham Tech asDirector of Educational Resources, the LearningResources Center included the library, produc-tion center, and the curriculum telecourse center.Under her direction and immediate supervision, adevelopmental studies program which focuses onremedial math, English, reading, and study skillshas been added. All nineteen of the part-timeinstructors in this new program, as well as sixteenfull-time learning resources center staff and fourcoordinators, report to her. In her current posi-tion as Associate Dean for Educational Resources,she is one of six associate deans in the instruc-tional area of the college who determine the aca-demic direction of Durham Technical CommunityCollege.Barbara sees the gradual administrativedirection of her library career as only natural.oAdministration is nothing more than organizingthings, stating things, and following up. Librariansdo these things. We'Tr better prepared for adminis-trative positions than most.�And becoming NCLA president is just anotheroadministrative thing,� albeit one she hardlyexpected. When Mertys Bell and Mary Averyapproached her to run, she agreed"after all howdo you say ~noT to Ms. Bell?"but only because shereally thought that she would not be elected. Butshe also saw it as a challenge. Barbara had onceheard someone state very unequivicably that youcanTt be NCLA president without a private secre-tary. oI decided that I would just show them. Afterall, lots of school librarians donTt even have assist-ants, much less private secretaries! They shouldhave the opportunity to be president just likeanyone else.�Fortunately for Barbara and future NCLApresidents and executive board members, whetheror not a private secretary is needed to do the jobwill be a moot issue. One of BarbaraTs immediateand major challenges is hiring an administrativeassistant for NCLA whose office will be in theState Library building in Raleigh and who willhandle most of the administrative chores for theassociation. While everyone sees the need for thisposition, particularly from the treasurerTs point ofview, Barbara sees this transition as a particularlysensitive one for the organization. oGiving uppower is difficult for people. No matter what yousay, when you delegate work, you give up some

1987-89 NCLA Executive Board members from left to right are: seated: Nancy Fogarty, Pauline Myrick, Lauren Williams, PatRyckman, Patrice Ebert, Irene Hairston, and Barbara Baker. Standing: Frank Sinclair, Sylvia Sprinkle-Hamlin, Janet Freeman,Frances Bradburn, Howard McGinn, Patsy Hansel, Ray Frankle, Gloria Miller, Cal Shepard, Marti Smith, Harry Tuchmayer, MelanieCollins, Barbara Anderson, Ann Thigpen, and Jerry Thrasher.power. We're all going to have to be very carefulnot to just arbitrarily say ~Well, I could do thisbetter; without looking to see if we really wouldonly be doing it differently. NCLA needs this posi-tion, but we must be careful to convey to themembership, especially the executive board, thatwe still need them as well.�It is this sensitivity to the simultaneousneeds of both the association and its membersthat makes BarbaraTs two-fold goal for her presi-dency so natural. oNCLA must continue to developand move forward, and this can only be done bynurturing leaders for both the organization and,more importantly, for libraries in North Carolina.This nurturing can only succeed if NCLATs currentleaders know each other (and their organiza-tional jobs) well, and can appreciate the diversitywithin North Carolina librarianship. These are thegoals for my presidency.� And ones we all hope gofar beyond Barbara Baker's two-year tenure.nFrances Bryant Bradburn alOutgoing treasurer Nancy Fogarty was presented a gift fromNCLA for her time and service to the association for the pastfour years.Winter 1989"209

abe}sio) 1987 1988PRODUCTIVITYPP. ivis is a critical concern in todayTs library. ThatTs why more and more decision makers are lookinginto Faxon. We can be the best source for all of your journal and continuation subscriptions. Our servicesenable you to devote your valuable personnel resources to other crucial library functions.As a full service agent with access to more than 200,000 different periodicals, we can handleordering, claiming, check-in, and routing. Our growing international network links you to otherlibraries, publishers, online systems, and networks.If you can profit from improved productivity, a call to Faxon figures.1-800-225-6055or 1-617-329-3350 (collect)fa:onThe Faxon Company 15 Southwest Park Westwood, MA 02090210"Winter 1989

Libraries: Designing for the 90sNorth Carolina Library AssociationBiennial ConferenceCharlotte, North CarolinaOctober 11-13, 1989EditorTs Note: The following are highlights from the 1989 NorthCarolina Library AssociationTs Biennial Conference held in Char-lotte. These, as well as the awards and speeches printed else-where in this issue, offer the flavor and essence of this year'sconference.WednesdayOctober 11, 1989NCLA Table TalksStart with a table surrounded by chairs. Addanother row or two of chairs, and assign a present-er or discussion leader committed to a selectedtopic. Let it be known that at a given hour thoseinterested in that topic will gather at that table,and the rest follows its own course.What amazed this roving reporter was the factthat people showed up for the Table Talks as earlyas 9 a.m. on the first day of the conference. Thatsession was followed by two more, each one hourin length. Not every topic was presented everyhour, and the population increased as the morn-ing went on. Roving reporter visited most of theTable Talks, and mostly regretted having to leaveany of them in order to get to another.The modes of presentation were as various asthe topics themselves. The talk on staff develop-ment was a fact-filled straightforward summaryof a formal survey on the issue in libraries acrossour state. The talk on time management com-bined a presentation with input from the partici-pants and a number of useful handouts. The 1990Census demonstration showed the high flexibilityof the newly available CD-ROM format"some-thing we can all enjoy using. At the North Caro-lina Libraries table, a young library schoolgraduate was seeking advice on his articlemanuscripts from the publicationTs editor. Thediscussions on microcomputers in small librariesvaried according to the interests of the peoplegathered at any one time: in one instance, severalmicro users encouraged a hesitant non-user totake the plunge and to prepare to love it. Repre-sentatives of the State Library (including theState Librarian) were located at tables for thoseinterested in learning about state documents andstatewide planning for technology.All in all, with their wide range of topics andtheir various means of information exchange, theTable Talks offered conference participants a spe-cial means of learning the answers to a greatmany questions in a relatively short period oftime. In their own way, they were as wonderfuland as effective as the exhibits. Next conference,roving reporter plans to visit the Table Talksagain"perhaps to rove less and stay longer.AIDS and Teenagers: Do Librarians Have aResponsibility?Frances Bradburn, Assistant Professor ofMedia and Teaching Resources at East CarolinaUniversity and oMiddle Books� columnist forWilson Library Bulletin, presented oAIDS andTeenagers: Do Librarians Have a Responsibility?�Handouts from a variety of sources included mes-sages from health education leaders, catalogs forordering materials, and bibliographies. Ms. Brad-burn introduced a display of books suggested foryoung adult education on AIDS.She reported that teens are contracting AIDSnow and will be HIV Positive in their twenties and,in discussing the high risk groups, she remarked,othere are no risk groups; there are only riskybehaviors.� She predicted that the best case sce-nario was that we will have a public health crisis;the worst case scenario was that we will lose anentire generation. She reported that one-half oftodayTs teens between fifteen and nineteen yearsof age are sexually active and that they need pro-tection from pregnancy, from sexually transmit-ted diseases, and from AIDS.The members present were challenged to bepart of the solution and not part of the denial orpart of the problem. She reminded the group ofthe importance of up-to-date information duringthis time when new information appears fre-quently. She gave the example of reports on thespermicide nonoxynol-9 #II suggesting that anybook which does not contain that informationWinter 1989"211

i eeshould have a note attached with the new infor-mation. She also pointed out that sometimes thefiction was better than the non-fiction.Madaras was quoted as saying that othe ster-eotype of librarians as sexually conservative,second only to nuns, can work for us in AIDS edu-cation in our communities.� Libraries have thebooks and the information. Also libraries have inplace a system for preventing censorship and formaking information available to the public.Librarians have an obligation to change theatmosphere, making knowledge available to teensand adults. The library can provide the commu-nity resources to create a climate so that the veilof secrecy can be lifted. The message to send is,oKnow your partner and protect yourself�The role of the library is one of advocacy forhonest, accurate, and complete resources for allsections of the population; reasoned explorationof the issues; forum for exchange to clarify beliefsand facts; teamwork with health professionalsand education professionals. In a library, anygroup can meet to discuss any topic without har-rassment. Libraries are good networkers and aregood at information and referral. Libraries cansponsor and facilitate.Ms. Bradburn announced that NCLA wasforming a special ad hoc committee on AIDS, stat-ing that oThis is our way of making a difference.Making a difference is important, because ageneration is at stake.�I Work in a Library, But ITm Not a LibrarianNCLA Paraprofessional AssociationThis first conference for the newest round-table in NCLA was a resounding success and all ofits varied needs and interests could be heard inthe comments of those who attended the work-shop/lecture of Kathleen Weibel, Director ofLibraries, Ohio Wesleyan University. Her presen-tation, titled oI Work In a Library, But I Am Not ALibrarian,� was introduced in the Winter 1988issue of Library Personnel News. Ms. Weibel hasmade staff development her primary area ofinterest since obtaining her M.L.S. at ColumbiaUniversity. Her focus is not only professional staffdevelopment, but obtaining educational oppor-tunities for the paraprofessional as well. She isCo-Chair of the ALA Education for Support StaffIssues Subcommittee.Because this roundtable serves the interestsof paraprofessionals from public libraries, aca-demic libraries, and school libraries, it must bealert to the philosophies of all three. Ms. Weibelrecognized that the majority of the more than onehundred participants at her two workshops were212"Winter 1989attending their first NCLA conference. Years ofexperience in libraries varied from two months totwenty-five years. She began the meeting by ask-ing what we were called in our libraries. From theresponses, it was obvious that in public librariesalone job titles and descriptions differ greatly,highlighting one of the greatest challenges facingNorth CarolinaTs libraries"finding some commondescription for jobs that are performed by para-professionals. Obtaining funding for training stafffor those jobs is another challenge.Educating library directors and school prin-cipals, in the case of school library staff, is the keyto success in any efforts to train paraprofession-als in their jobs. Having a strong sense of identitythrough uniform job descriptions would strength-en the ability of staff to perform those duties,whether they be as a branch head, a media assist-ant, or a ostoryteller,� as one participant describedherself.Ms. Weibel encouraged paraprofessionals inall of North CarolinaTs libraries to maintain theirnetwork and to join wholeheartedly in the work ofthe Association to train its members. There arenow library paraprofessional associations in nine-teen of the fifty states.CAT TalesResources and Technical Services SectionKathleen Brown, acting head, MonographicCataloging Department, NCSU Libraries, con-ducted a workshop on cataloging sound record-ings for the Resources and Technical ServicesSection on October 11 from 3:00-5:00. Attendanceat the session ranged between eight and twelvepeople. The workshop covered sources of helpfulinformation, AACR2 and the changes in AACR2revised, and MARC tagging. In a concluding dis-cussion period, the group exchanged ideas onclassifying sound recordings and on working withcontributed copy. Cataloging sound recordingscan be very time-consuming (and expensive) ifdone strictly oby the book,� so local decisions aboutcoding and editing can be important. Any deci-sions that affect access should take into accountusersT needs and the capabilities of online sys-tems.Catherine Leonardi gave a two-hour presen-tation on audiovisual cataloging. The presenta-tion was split into two parts. The first parthighlighted the basics of audiovisual cataloging. Itwas aimed at the librarian who knows monogra-phic cataloging and MARC tagging. The catalogingof video cassettes and film reels as well as theOCLC Audiovisual Media Format were empha-sized. The second part of the presentation was on

contemporary problems in audiovisual catalog-ing. This presentation covered new audiovisualterminology and the cataloging of video discs andunpublished audiovisual materials.Some Answers to Library Preservation ProblemsRound Table on Special CollectionsIn a combined lecture and slide presentation,Don Etherington, Head of the Conservation Div-ision of Information Conservation, Incorporated,in Greensboro, examined several approaches topreserving library materials in an October 11 pro-gram, oSome Answers to Library PreservationProblems.� Etherington stressed the importanceof maintaining proper humidity and temperaturelevels in libraries; encouraged a preference forkeeping items in original format when possible,instead of microfilming; and suggested the use ofspecially designed storage containers and specificshelving techniques that promote preservation.Approximately eighty people attended the ses-sion which was sponsored by the recently organ-ized Round Table on Special Collections.After EtheringtonTs presentation, the RoundTable elected officers for the 1989-91 biennium.Those elected were: Maury C. York (East CarolinaUniversity), Chairman; Beverly Tetterton-Opheim(New Hanover County Public Library), Vice-Chairman/Chairman-Elect; Eileen L. McGrath(University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill),Secretary-Treasurer; Richard J. Murdoch (WakeForest University), Director; Pam S. Toms (StateLibrary of North Carolina), Director.The Journey Home: Dorothy Spruill Redford andthe Somerset ExperiencePublic Library Section/Local History &Genealogy CommitteeGenealogist Dorothy Spruill Redford capti-vated an audience of approximately 150 on Wed-nesday afternoon October 11th with her story ofpersonal faith and persistence in organizing thewidely acclaimed 1986 reunion of two thousandslave descendants at Somerset Plantation nearCreswell, Washington County, N.C. Challenged byher teenage daughter's questions about her fami-lyTs history during the broadcast of the televisionprogram oRoots,� Redford began several years of aself-described obsession with genealogical re-search, through which she traced her family toSomerset in the early nineteenth century.NCLA president Patsy Hansel cut the ribbon to the entrance of the 1989 conference exhibits as several vendors looked on.Winter 1989"213

Redford described her first visit to Somerset,where for years the impressive mansion had beenmaintained as part of a state-operated historicsite. Seeking a osense that she was anchoredthere,� she was immediately disappointed whenshe found no physical evidence of the lives of theSomerset slaves. As a result, she was inspired toaccept as her personal mission the organizing of areunion of descendants of the 320 slaves who hadlived there and the inclusion of their stories in allfuture public presentations at the site.Laughing at how her naivete when planningthe project now looks in retrospect, she told oflogistical challenges met and financial obstaclesovercome in successfully organizing a reunionwhere descendants of slaves were joined by de-scendants of slave owners in what Redford pro-claimed oa day of healing like no other in easternCarolina.� After concluding her account, Redfordautographed copies of her 1988 book, SomersetHomecoming: Recovering a Lost Heritage. Thesession was sponsored by the Local History andGenealogy Committee of the Public Library Sec-tion.Significant Others: Mentors and Role Models inthe Library ProfessionJunior Members Round TableA standing room only crowd turned out tohear a panel discussion on the importance ofmentoring in a Wednesday afternoon sessionsponsored by the Junior Members Round Table.Dr. Barbara Moran cited studies that havefound that overy few people get to the top of anyorganization without a mentor,� and defined threemain levels of mentoring: promoting the protegeTscontinuing education, providing psychologicalsupport, and sponsoring the protegeTs advance-ment in the organization. Robert Burgin addressedthe issue of mentoring as a traditionally malerelationship, and pointed out the lack of researchon mentoring among librarians. Patsy Hanselwas skeptical about mentoring in a formal sensebut said librarians may find valuable role models(both negative and positive) and otrusted andworthy advisors� among their colleagues, supervi-sors and subordinates. There was general agree-ment among the panel that the best way toattract mentors and succeed as a protege is to bea very competent part of the organizationTs team.JMRT President Melanie Collins announcedthat the name of the organization would becomethe New Members Round Table at the conclusionof the meeting. She presented the 1989 YoungLibrarianTs Award to Sheila Johnson of the For-214"Winter 1989syth County Public Library, and the Baker & Tay-lor/JMRT Grassroots Grant for first-time NCLAconference attendees to Sandra Lyles, a libraryscience student at UNC-Chapel Hill. Later in theconference NMRT presented the annual oFriendlyBooth� award to Quality BooksT representativeJohn Higgins.ThursdayOctober 12, 1989Life in the Fast Lane: a View from the TopReference and Adult Services SectionIn oLife in the Fast Lane: a View from the Top,�RASD presented speakers who offered contrast-ing opinions of how libraries can be managed tobest serve their clientele. Kaye Gapen, Director ofLibraries at the University of Wisconsin in Madi-son, demonstrated how budget cuts at UW-Madi-son in 1985 had prompted a reorganization andrevisualization of the university's library resour-ces. Gapen spoke of accepting the idea that librar-ies are used differently by academic disciplines,and of structuring her reorganization aroundoclusters� of these disciplines"so that specificreference personnel and catalogers focus theirattention on these subjects. Gapen emphasizedthe impact of technology and said that, whilelibraries would always be physical repositories ofbooks, the University of Madision Libraries wouldalso omaintain a logical library, which was dig-itized, and which could move beyond the walls ofthe library to any place where there was a personwith a terminal.�Noting that what library managers primarilydo is oprocure resources and allocate them,� WillManley, Director of the Tempe Public Library inArizona, casually observed that what librarypatrons really appreciate is convenient parkingfacilities, childrenTs services, and plenty of eveningand weekend hours.After a question and answer period, six con-current discussion groups met in two half-hoursessions. Topics were oCD-ROMs: Techniques forEffective Care and Maintenance,� led by DonnaCornick; oEthics of Patron Distinctions,T con-ducted by Susan Bryson and Nancy B. Parrish;and oRoadblocks to Reference Services Created bythe Librarian,� moderated by Melissa Cain. Inaddition, Mary McAfee led a session on oMeatballReference: Techniques for Maintaining Qualityduring Rush Periods,� Bryna Coonin discussedoLibrary Instruction: Keeping it Fresh,T and Bar-bara Anderson entertained comments on oSellingthe Library! Techniques from the Reference Desk.�

Bring on the Best. . . YA MaterialsPublic Library Section/Young Adult CommitteeThe Public Library Section/Young AdultCommittee presented oBring on the Best... YAMaterials� with Best Books for Young Adultscommittee members Rebecca Taylor, Youth Servi-ces Coordinator, New Hanover County PublicLibrary, and Frances Bradburn, Assistant Profes-sor of Media and Teaching Resources, East CarolinaUniversity.Ms. Bradburn explained that the committeeconsists of fifteen librarians with varied back-grounds and reading interests, representing manygeographic regions. Ms. Taylor told of the totalimmersion in reading required to get throughover 400 books a year in her two years on thecommittee. She explained that some excellentbooks did not make the list because they were notavailable to enough committee members togarner the eight votes needed for inclusion. Taylorand Bradburn then shared some of their favoritebook nominees and encouraged the audience tonominate their favorites for 1989 to Best Bookscommittee chair, Barbara A. Lynn, 3901 SWMoundview, Topeka, Kansas 66614.Branch Libraries: When and Where toBuild ThemPublic Library SectionDevelopment CommitteeThis committee has addressed the needs ofNorth CarolinaTs libraries in the area of branchconstruction during this biennium and publisheda bibliography of the best available resourcematerials in the Summer 1989 issue of NorthCarolina Libraries. The project culminated withthe presentation of oBranch Libraries: When andWhere to Build Them,� by Mr. Lee Brawner, Exec-utive Director of the Metropolitan Library Systemin Oklahoma City. He is a partner in the firm ofHBW Associates, Inc., library consultants.He briefly touched on all the vital facets ofbranch-building: long-range planning stages, thelibraryTs mission statement and the role of thepublic library, the type and number of facilities, aneeds assessment, development of a building pro-gram, and site selection.Mr. Brawner described each step and citedthe importance of adequate planning throughout.The criteria used in determining whether to buildwere as well described as those used to determinewhere and when to build. He focused on somemodern methods used in decision-making such asmarketing techniques that employ census data todetermine need, location, and type of library.Lee BrawnerDocumentation of all stages of the building proj-ect was emphasized.Mr. Brawner presented a clear plan that, fol-lowed closely, would cover all the areas of impor-tance and make for a successful outcome, evenfor the inexperienced.Implementation of Information PowerNCASLDr. Phillip Turner, dean of the GraduateSchool of Library Science, University of Alabama,spoke to NCASL members about using the newInformation Power guidelines for school librarymedia centers to eradicate the present confusionregarding the quality and services of a goodschool library media center. According to Dr.Turner, the media coordinatorTs primary func-tions are to promote in students a love of inquiryand learning, to teach a wide range of informationskills, and to team with teachers to help them bemore productive and efficient. The media coordi-natorTs roles are that of information specialist;instructional consultant; and teacher of teachersand administrators, as well as students. In addi-tion, the media coordinator must have vision, andmake administrators aware of that vision in orderto develop the very best school library media cen-ter possible.Winter 1989"215

Libraries, Librarianship and the 1990s:The Academic PerspectiveCollege and University Section, Communityand Junior College SectionBefore looking forward into the 1990s, Dr.Jessie Carney Smith, director of the Fisk Univer-sity Library, opted to look back fifty years, into the1930s, to examine some of the prevalent libraryissues of that decade. In her study of library liter-ature, she found that much has remained thesame. Librarians were concerned with profes-sional status and developing research agendas.The 1930s saw the founding of the Association ofResearch Libraries and the journal AmericanArchivist. Perhaps in a reaction to the rigors ofthe Great Depression, there was much attentionpaid to the development of union lists and coop-erative resource sharing programs. All these mat-ters continue to be of importance today.In the 1990s, the library and informationscience community must seek ways to makehumanitarian concerns continue to hold rele-vance for an increasingly technological society.Traditional libraries are at risk unless they findinnovative ways of merging into new, information-oriented structures outside of their past expe-riences. Cooperative programs and networkingwill take on new dimensions of meaning in the1990s and we will find the challenges to be manybut the potential rewards great.Developing Partnerships: Implications forLibrary SystemsNCLA Public Libraries Trustees SectionDr. James G. Wingate, Vice-President forEducation at Central Piedmont Community Col-lege in Charlotte, stated that libraries epitomizethe taking of services to the public. Trustees mustblend cooperation and individualism and mustfoster mutual trust and long-term relationshipsand help their institutions survive in a worldeconomy.Libraries must support staff renewal in allareas, help public schools improve in the arts,humanities and sciences and support small busi-ness training networks. They must also partici-pate in creating an information infrastructureopen to everyone.Libraries should keep the momentum forchange going by staying at the front of the infor-mation age where they have always been.Whickety Whack! Into My Sack!!Tom Davenport, FilmmakerPublic Library Section/Audio-Visual Committee216"Winter 1989James G. WingateTom Davenport, known for his North Caro-lina documentaries as well as for his Americanversions of the Grimm BrothersT fairy tales, told agroup of audiovisual librarians that independentfilmmakers rely primarily on public libraries to gettheir films before the public. Speaking about thepower of folktales, Davenport recalled readingoHansel and Gretel� to his small son as a means ofhelping him deal with his fear of abandonmentafter a traumatic hospitalization. Soon after thatexperience he found himself filming Hansel andGretel: An Appalachian Version, in his backyard.The film was so controversial, because of the dark-ness of the plot as he rendered it, that it receiveda gratifying amount of attention and Davenportwas launched as a folkteller on film.The audience viewed Soldier Jack, or TheMan Who Caught Death in a Sack, a traditionalJack tale in which Davenport cast Jack as anAmerican GI returning home after World War II.The filmmaker said that he had almost finishedthis film before he was able to grasp how hewanted to tell the story, and he took it apart andstarted over. Preconceptions, he said, are amenace to any creative project: oreally, funda-mentally, if you have an idea about God, itTswrong. If you have a conception about a folktalethat you want to make into a film, it limits you. Ithas to be crushed in order to grow.�Roadbuilders: Librarians Who Have Pavedthe WayRound Table for Ethnic Minority Concerns

The Round Table for Ethnic Minority Con-cerns presented a program identifying the contri-butions African-American libraries and librarianshave made to the developmentof library service tothe citizenry of the United States. Renee Stiff, ViceChair/Chair Elect of REMCo, presided. Speakersfor the program were Casper LeRoy Jordan,retired Deputy Director, Atlanta Fulton PublicLibrary and Ann Shockley, Associate Professor ofLibrary Science, Fisk University.Casper Jordan in his speech entitled, oAShoulder Height View of Librarians of Color: AnAccount of Stewardship,� held the attention of theparticipants as he highlighted such pioneers asJohn Berry Meachum, Edward Christopher Williams,Dorothy B. Porter, and Molly H. Lee. Ann Shockleydiscussed African-American librariansT specificcontributions to the field of literature. Sherecounted humorous incidents as well as prob-lems she and other librarians encountered in get-ting published.At the conclusion of the speakersT presenta-tion, the first annual Roadbuilders Award waspresented to the following librarians for theircontributions to librarianship: Evelyn Pope, re-tired Professor, School of Library Science, NorthCarolina Central University; Daisy Lee Williams,retired Public School Librarian, Roper, NorthCarolina; Mollie H. Lee, Richard B. Harrison PublicLibrary, Raleigh (posthumously).WhoTs Got the Power?Round Table on the Status of Womenin LibrarianshipThe Round Table on the Status of Women inLibrarianship heard Jinx Melia, of OperationalPolitics, discuss the use of power and the devel-opment of power. Ms. Melia stated that womenhave a tremendous opportunity to develop powerbut lack the skills to develop power; they keepdoing the same things better and better and thatdoes not help if they are the wrong things. In dis-cussing skills, she pointed out that one needs toknow not only how to do, but when to do.Power is making a decision that other peopledecide to follow. Politics is the behavior of peoplewho cause other people to follow them. Womentend to focus on the process, while men tend tofocus on the objective. She stated that power isnot about titles or clothes.Ms. Melia suggested that to men, equalitymeans a place at the starting line; however, towomen, equality means equality of result, thatthey will win a certain proportion of the time. Ms.Melia asked if we want equality or protection. Shepointed out that society will take care of a victimbut will not follow a victim. Leadership means giv-ing up protection and being willing to take risks.She advised that when one experiences rejection,one should not spend time feeling sorry for one-self but should spend time looking for the otherpersonTs weaknesses.In the working world loyalty to other peopleis important, although principle is sometimesmost important to women. Ms. Melia pointed outthat various people have different values and thatall may be right. She urged that one must bewilling to accept the truth of other people and notinsist that there is only one truth. She suggestedthat as team players, women take turns but menfight for power and play king of the hill. It isimportant to support each other, but to notimpose oneTs own values on other people.At work, one should attempt to accomplishthe mission of the organization and should notexpect individual consideration. Everything isnegotiable and negotiation is important. To getpeople to change their decisions on any occasion,one has the opportunity to make a counter offer.Questions which she suggested be asked ofleaders wereCan they catch the ball?Will they catch the ball?Do they have the skills?Will they get the job done?On behalf of the Round Table for Ethnic and Minority Con-cerns, Sylvia Sprinkle-Hamlin presented outgoing NCLA pres-ident Patsy Hansel with a special award for her personalencouragement of minority participation within the organiza-tion.Winter 1989"217

She urged the members of the group to arti-culate solutions, not problems. She challengedthem to learn to negotiate and to learn to makedecisions.Everything about Cataloging that You ProbablyDid Not Learn in Library SchoolResources and Technical Services SectionBy all accounts, oEverything About Catalog-ing That You Probably Did Not Learn in LibrarySchool,� achieved its desired effect. Mr. SanfordBerman, head of Cataloging at Hennepin CountyPublic Library, and the pre-eminent authority onlocally assigned subject headings, overwhelmedthe audience with a olaundry list� of Library ofCongress oerrors in judgment� when it comes toassigning subject headings. Using example afterexample of outdated, deceptive, and often ethno-centric subject headings, Mr. Berman explainedthe process Hennepin County goes through inestablishing new headings and cross-referencesthan can better serve the public.Mr. Berman discussed, in great detail, thefrustration experienced by library users when thecommon language term they used to search formaterials does not produce the desired effect.Patrons in need of information on bed-wetting, heargued, are less likely to approach a librarian forassistance when their catalog search does notproduce the desired results. Is it reasonable,Berman inquired, for our patrons to know thatthe Library of Congress has classified these mate-rials under enuresis rather than bed-wetting?Although the Library of Congress does nowhave a procedure for updating terminology, thetime required to make these changes takes so longthat Berman wondered when incandescent lampswill finally become light bulbs.Perhaps most disturbing of all was Mr. Ber-manTs identification of LCTs unwitting racism andethnocentricity. Take for example, the subjectheading music. If one were to follow standard LCpractice, materials classified under this headingwould deal with music in a general sense. Instead,the classification music refers specifically to whatis really western classical music, while all othermusic is subdivided into their oappropriate� cate-gories. Finally, as Berman pondered the existenceof God in the catalog, he explained to an alreadysensitized audience that one could not expect tofind a general discussion of a supreme beingunder this heading, but would find instead thatold, familiar God of the King James Bible.218"Winter 1989Sanford BermanUpcoming IssuesSpring 1990 - Library HumorRose Simon and DavidFergusson, Guest EditorsSummer 1990 - Public DocumentsPat Langelier and Ridley Kessler,Guest Editors- Performance MeasuresJinnie Davis, Guest Editor- Supporting the Support StaffHarry Tuchmayer, Guest Editor- Law and the LibraryTim Coggins, Guest EditorSummer 1991 - ChildrenTs/YAFall 1990Winter 1990Spring 1991Fall 1991 - Library BuildingsJohn Welch, Guest EditorWinter 1991 - ConferenceUnsolicited articles dealing with the abovethemes or on any issue of interest to NorthCarolina librarians are welcomed. Please followmanuscript guidelines delineated elsewhere inthis issue.

FridayOctober 13, 1989WhatTs Up, Docs? Documents in the Schools!Documents SectionBecause, as Donna Seymour explained, recentresearch has shown that there generally has beenono formal effort on the part of North Carolinadepositories to encourage the use of documentsin school libraries,� the Documents Section pres-ented oWhatTs Up, Docs? Documents in theSchools!� as its conference program. The sessionwas designed to introduce government docu-ments and means of selection and acquisition toschool media coordinators.After the videotape Government Publicationsfor the School Media Center was shown, RidleyKessler explained about the structure of govern-ment depositories. Kessler encouraged schoollibrarians to establish a relationship with deposi-tory librarians, saying, oDepository libraries arehonor-bound to allow you access to their collec-tions.� Carol Lewis spoke of the purpose of schoolmedia centers and of the need to focus the collec-tion on the curriculum.Three teams, each composed of a depositorylibrarian and a school media coordinator, com-pleted the program with a panel discussion.Robert Gaines of UNC-Greensboro and AliceAngell of Morehead Elementary School in Greens-boro commented on acquisition strategies, a prob-lem when the Government Printing Office willnot accept purchase orders. Ridley Kessler (UNC-Chapel Hill) and Diane Kessler from Neal JuniorHigh in Durham spoke of interesting documentsfor middle schools and of useful selection tools.Nancy Kolenbrander from Western Carolina Uni-versity and Marcella Huguelet from Tuscola HighSchool in Waynesville explained their project toselect useful statistical government publicationsfor TuscolaTs media center. They emphasized theneed to help students use government documentsand to let them know what they are using.A business meeting followed the program.Strategies for Recruitment of Minorities in theLibrary ProfessionRecruitment CommitteeDr. Benjamin Speller, NCCU; Phillip Cherry,Public Library Charlotte/Mecklenburg; BarbaraDelon, UNC-CH; Judith Sutton, Public LibraryCharlotte/Mecklenburg; and Bill Roberts, ForsythCounty Public Library stated that the typical Uni-ted States library school student is a white female,aged twenty-eight to thirty-nine, who has anundergraduate major in the humanities or socialsciences. The reasons that library school studentsgive for going to library school are: to use theirpersonal skills, an interest in information/knowl-edge and the importance of information insociety. The profession is viewed as an alternativeto teaching, particularly to those with limitedgeographic mobility.There is no magic formula to get blacks intolibrarianship. Blacks need to see opportunities inthe profession and to have the opportunity to dosomething real"not to just be a figurehead. Theyneed to be able to get into positions that wouldallow them to grow.MUMFORDRELIABLE WHOLESALERSINCE 1977 :e Over 90,000 Books in Stocke Over 10,000 Titlese Pre-school Through Adulte Cataloging/Processing Availablee 12 Years of Servicee Discounts up to 70% Offe oHands On� Selectione 100% Fille Sturdy Library Bindingse Now Two Adjacent WarehousesMUMFORD LIBRARY BOOKS, SOUTHEAST, INC.7847 Bayberry Road e Jacksonville, Florida 32256(904) 737-2649Carolinas Representative"Phil May1-800-367-3927Winter 1989"219

Making Contact: North Carolina Writersand LibrariesNorth Carolina Writers NetworkThe North Carolina Writers Network pres-ented a panel of authors to explain the origin andpurpose of the network and to unravel the mys-teries of obtaining grant money from the NorthCarolina Arts Council to help libraries providecommunity arts programs. Author/moderatorGeorgann Eubanks explained that the WritersNetwork was begun in 1984 because many writerswere living in isolated areas across the state. Byjoining forces, writers improved their access notonly to other writers, but to the public as theyfocused on developing audiences for their work.Debbie McGill, with the North Carolina ArtsCouincil, presented examples of arts programsfunded through the council and provided pro-gram guidelines to help librarians understand thegrant process. Marsha Warren, director of theWriters Network, outlined the various activities ofthat organization and presented two young wri-ters who are current recipients of Arts Councilgrants, Robin Henley of UNC-Charlotte, and RudyWarren of Winston-Salem. Henley read one of hishumorous short stories, oAll You Can Eat,� andWarren read several selections of his calypso-in-fluenced Jamaican poetry to a very appreciativeaudience.In Roy BlountTs keynote address which marked the opening ofthe 1989 North Carolina Library AssociationTs Biennial Con-ference in Charlotte, he stated, oI like libraries. I check outthe card catalog to see if they have any of my books. . . Theyare a very un-1980s kind of institution"and thatTs a compli-ment.� Are we sure of that, Roy?220"Winter 1989SOLINET Information NetworkNC SOLINET UserTs GroupSpeaker Steven Baughman of SOLINET saidthat the SOLINET Information Network (SOLINE)will provide the capability for all libraries in thesoutheast to build on the existing, extensiveOCLC online database. Selective users will beencouraged to tapeload their machine readablecataloging to enhance holdings information andlevel out the lending load.The goal of SOLINE is to encourage unre-stricted access to shared resources and the flowof information in the southeast in order to pro-vide full access to the information and materialsheld in those libraries.SOLINE will provide a regional database andILL network, will improve the distribution of theILL lending load, will make possible a single com-mand to display all union list holdings of serialtitles, will offer selective users access to more bib-liographic locations outside their group andreduce paperwork, and will increase efficiency forparticipating libraries.How to Have a ~KnowsT for NewsLibrary Resources CommitteeThe Library Resources Committee of NCLAsponsored a program on library newspaperindexing. Robert Anthony, Wilson Library, UNC-Chapel Hill, moderated. The speakers were: JohnWoodard and Myrtle Little, Baptist Historical Col-lection, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem;Martha Lapas, Joyner Library, East Carolina Uni-versity, Greenville; and Barbara Semonche, Dur-ham Herald/Sun Company, Durham. These per-sons discussed the problems and joys of indexingthe Biblical Recorder (specialized publication),Raleigh News and Observer (state, regional, localnews), and the Durham Morning Herald/Sun(current news), respectively.Issues facing newspaper indexers as men-tioned by the speakers include selecting and/ordeveloping subject authority lists, deciding on thescope"what to include and exclude, and whattype of storage medium, retrieval and reproduc-tion method will be required. Useful informationdistributed to participants included the 1989Directory of Newspaper Indexes Produced byLibraries in North Carolina, compiled by theLibrary Resources Committee._ Friends"History"ConservationFriends of North Carolina Public LibrariesFriends of North Carolina Public Librariesdiscussed history and conservation on a program

for which Bob Mowery presided.* Evelyn Stallings, head of the History-Geneal-ogy Room at the Rowan County Public Library,discussed the relation between genealogy andlibraries in an era in which interest in genealogyhas increased. She pointed out that genealogicalresearchers are natural friends of libraries andsupport libraries in many ways.Don Etherington, Vice-President of JosephRuzicka Company, discussed conservation andbook binding and preserving family papers. Hereviewed the importance of the storage environ-ment, stating that a moderate temperature andfifty-five percent humidity are best. He empha-sized the importance of enclosing material inacid-free cases and frames.Elizabeth Black, President of the HendersonCounty Public Library Friends, considered mem-bership sharing techniques used by her library,which has a Friends membership of two thou-sand. They distribute brochures encouragingpeople to join and they maintain membershipsthrough activities such as author book reviewsand fine arts programs. Their Friends group pro-vides volunteer staff for the library and publishesa newsletter. She pointed out that Friends, asfriends of the library and also part of the com-munity, can provide a support system for thelibrary.Jackie Beach, director of the EdgecombMemorial Library, discussed programs and pro-gram funding. She pointed out that Friends makethe library visible in the community and she pre-sented information on a fund raising gala, stress-ing the importance of good entertainment andgood food. She also suggested having the Friendscosponsor with other organizations programsand projects to bring attention to the library.Kathleen Thompson, Director of the Chapel HillPublic Library, related the experiences of theChapel Hill Public Library Book Sale, which hasbeen held for nineteen years. The Book SaleCommittee of six members, with much assistancefrom other local organizations, raised $19,000 atits last sale. She pointed out that there was anauction of special books on Sunday afternoon;then the sale was held for three days, with booksdiscounted near the end. An important feature ofthe project each year is an evaluation, which is adiscussion of things that went wrong, with deci-sions on how to do differently another year.The presentations were followed by roundtable discussions. AliCIMSoutheasternMicrofilm, Inc.AND MINOLTA.TWOORGANIZATIONSTHAT CANHELP YOU GETORGANIZED.EQUIPMENTWe're Southeastern Microfilm, Inc. and we can help you reduceyour filespace by 90% or more, help make your record keepingmore organized and your staff more efficient.Our micrographics professionals can help you select the right toolsfrom a whole range of advanced Minolta micrographic equipment.They can tailor a system to meet your needs exactly.Southeastern Microfilm, Inc. is the most completemicrographics dealer in North Carolina, offeringadvanced production services, a complete line ofequipment and supplies and total customer MINOLTASERVICEONLY FROM THE MINDOF MINOLTAWE HAVE A LOT OF MICROGRAPHICSOLUTIONS LOOKING FOR PROBLEMS.Asheville ¢ Charlotte e Greensboro ¢ Greenville © Raleigh1-800-532-0217Winter 1989"221

NCLA Conference AwardsLualgia P. Alcorn, Life MembershipLualgia P. Alcorn is a retired media specialistwith the Greensboro City Schools. Her service tothe profession began in the early days of theNorth Carolina Negro Library Association. Shecontinued her involvement to include member-ship in the National Education Association, Amer-ican Library Association and the North CarolinaLibrary Association, serving on the 1969-71 exec-utive board of the latter.Mrs. Alcorn served as a cooperating mediaspecialist for students from Bennett College,North Carolina Central University and UNC-Greensboro. Guys and Dolls, Inc., honored Mrs.Alcorn with the oAward for Outstanding Servicesto Children and Youth.�Mrs. Alcorn has continued her concern forlibraries by serving on the Greeensboro PublicLibrary Board of Trustees.Louise Boone, Life MembershipLouise Boone is the re-tired Director of the Albe-marle Regional Public Libraryof Winton, N.C., who haschampioned the cause ofrural library service for quitesome time.After having worked as ajournalist for the New YorkHerald Tribune and Newsweek magazine, Ms.Boone got the call to become a librarian and hasworked steadily until her retirement.Prior to coming to the Albemarle RegionalLibrary in 1962, she worked at the Charlotte Pub-lic Library; served two years as an army librarianin Europe and worked five years as Director of theCourtland, Virginia, Public Library.Ms. Boone was a very active member of thePublic Library Section of NCLA, becoming chair-person of the section as well as serving six yearson the certification committee.From 1967 to 1975, Ms. Boone built five librar-ies in her region.222"Winter 1989Edith B. Briles, Life MembershipEdith Briles servedtwenty-eight years in serviceto the state as educator andlibrarian. Fourteen of thoseyears were spent as Directorof Instructional Media forRandolph County Schools.She has served as a mem-ber of the DeanTs AdvisoryCommittee and Executive Board of the Depart-ment of Library Science at UNC-Greensboro.Among her professional affiliations are theAmerican Library Association, the North CarolinaLibrary Association, and the North CarolinaAssociation of School Librarians. Through NCASL,Mrs. Briles was instrumental in establishing theoSchool Media Day Program.�Dorothy W. Campbell, Life MembershipDorothy Campbell re-tired from the position ofAssistant Professor of LibraryScience in May 1987 after anexemplary career of fortyyears in librarianship. Twen-ty-three of those years werespent in service to the JamesE. Shepard Memorial Libraryand the School of Library and Information Sci-ences at North Carolina Central University.Upon her retirement, the oDorothy W. Camp-bell Distinguished Alumni Lecture Series� wasinaugurated in her honor.It is in the area of Afro-American resourcesand collections that she has lectured and pub-lished. Her 1983 book entitled Index to BlackAmerican Writers in Collective Biographies wasselected by ALA Reference and Adult ServicesDivision as one of the outstanding referenceworks of 1983.Among her professional affiliations are ALA,ACRL, ALISE, and NCLA, the latter for which shewas secretary for the 1985-87 biennium.

Lillie D. Caster, Life MembershipLiilie D. Caster retired inJune 1981 from the positionof Head of Monographic Cata-loging, D.H. Hill Library atNorth Carolina State Univer-sity. She was a member of theNorth Carolina Library Asso-ciation and very active in theResources and Technical Serv-ices Section.During her tenure as chairperson of RTSS, shewas instrumental in establishing cataloging inter-est groups, the fall conference in Southern Pines,RTSS Breakfast at NCLA, and RTSS first-timeNCLA Conference Attendance Grant. Many ofthese activities are still being carried out by thesection. She was co-founder of the North CarolinaSolinet Users Group and chairperson of theSolinet Database Quality Control Committee.Since retirement, Ms. Caster published a bookin 1986 entitled The ClassifierTs Guide to LC ClassH: Subdivision Techniques for the Social Sciences.Still very active, Ms. Caster volunteers for theNorth Carolina Museum of Art and tutors for theWake County Literacy Council. She also organizedthe resource materials for the North CarolinaCouncil on the Status of Women. Having servedon the Board of Directors for the Wake CountyYMCA for two terms, she is compiling a history ofthe YMCA.Clara J. Crabtree, Life MembershipClara Crabtree beganteacing in 1951 and in 1959became a librarian. She servedmore than 30 years beforeretiring in 1985 from theDurham County School Sys-tem. She retired from theposition of instructionaldirector in charge of mediaservices, having worked for three superintend-ents.Mrs. Crabtree led county-wide committees inseveral successful projects such as MECCA, Tea-cher-Parent Resource Centers, and the Involve-ment of School Media Centers in the Use ofComputers.As a retiree, Mrs. Crabtree continues to bevery active in civic and church activities.Gladys Johnson, Life MembershipGladys Johnson began her career in a jointappointment to Alexander Graham High Schooland the Charlotte Public Library. After teachingcourses in school librarianship at Florida StateCollege for Women, she assumed the position ofLibrarian at Mars Hill College, where she workedfrom 1931 to 1944. She was a field librarian for theNorth Carolina Library Commission, promotingand developing libraries in the state. When the oldState Library and the State Library Commissioncombined, Gladys assumed the position of Headof General Reference Services for the North Caro-lina State Library, as she continued responsibilityfor library cooperation projects. Programs whichcontinue to serve libraries in the state were organ-ized and implemented. These included a unioncatalog, interlibrary loan, state-wide referenceservice, special subject collections, the TriangleLibrary Truck, the American History Discussionproject, adult continuing education, and film ser-vice. Gladys Johnson served the people of NorthCarolina through their libraries for more thanthirty years.Marion Middleton Johnson, Life MembershipAfter a stint with theNew York Public Library,Marion Johnson returned toNorth Carolina as librarianin the Lee County PublicLibrary. She was the Directorof the Stanley County PublicLibrary and later librarian inthe Wilson County PublicLibrary. In 1960 she joined the staff of the StateLibrary. Working with a small staff and makeshiftequipment, she organized the State Library Pro-cessing Center, which she operated for sixteenyears. The Processing Center provided technicalservices to public libraries in North Carolina,releasing the local library staff for services to thepublic. In 1969, the duties of Chief of TechnicalServices were added. She was appointed ChiefConsultant for Public Library Development, en-couraging public library directors in the state andadvising them on state aid and construction grantquestions for thirteen years. Marion Johnsonretired in 1988, following forty-two years of serv-ice to libraries in North Carolina.Winter 1989"223

I.T. Littleton, Life MembershipI.T. Littleton served D.H.Hill Library at North Caro-lina State University fortwenty-eight years prior tohis retirement in 1987. Fortwenty-five of those years hewas Director of Libraries. Hiscontributions to the librarycommunity include servingas chairman of the University Library AdvisoryCouncil, serving on the Agricultural InformationNetwork Committee, and serving as chairman ofthe Association of Southeastern Research Librar-ies. He was a member of the first board of direc-tors which planned the development of theSoutheastern Library Network, SOLINET. He wasa founding member of the Capital Area LibraryAssociation and he worked with the library direc-tors of the University of North Carolina at ChapelHill and Duke University in founding and organiz-ing Triangle Research Libraries Network. In con-tinuing recognition of his contributions to libraries,the North Carolina State University Library staffestablished an annual I.T. Littleton Seminar ser-ies on major library issues.Pauline F. Myrick, Life MembershipPauline Myrick was ateacher and principal in theCarthage Elementary Schoolwhen she was asked to workin the central office of theMoore County Schools to de-velop and promote librariesin the schools of the county.In 1961, the twenty-fiveschools had one full-time librarian; by 1975 eachschool had at least one full-time staff person inthe library. She was Director of IntermediateInstruction and Educational Media, Textbooks,and In-School Television for the Moore CountySchools. In 1985 she published a history of MooreCounty Schools, Treading New Ground"1959-1985, covering a period of consolidation, merger,and integration. She served as consultant forstate education programs and agencies. She wasChair of the North Carolina Association of SchoolLibrarians and President of the North CarolinaLibrary Association. Pauline Myrick made a dif-ference in libraries in Moore County and served asa leader in libraries in the State of North Carolina.224"Winter 1989Kenneth C. Royall, Jr., Honorary MembershipKenneth Royall has been a member of theNorth Carolina Senate since 1973, representingfour counties in piedmont North Carolina. He hasbeen honored for his contributions to the peopleof the state by numerous organizations in thefields of public health and mental health. He wasinstrumental in arranging for public libraries inthe state to receive funds for special projects andsupported increases in state aid to public librar-ies. He was responsible for approval in the Senateof the landmark North Carolina Documents De-pository Act, requiring the deposit in libraries ofall documents created by any agency in the state.Kenneth Royall has been a staunch supporter oflibraries in North Carolina.Robert W. Williams, Honorary MembershipRobert W. Williams, ashistorian, academic adminis-trator, SOLINET Board mem-ber, and advisor to the Uni-versity of North Carolina Li-brary Advisory Council, hasbeen a lifelong friend andchampion of university li-braries. For the past twelveyears he has provided incomparable leadership asAssociate Vice-President for Academic Affairs ofthe University of North Carolina System andAssistant to the President of the University in thedevelopment of university libraries across thestate. The emerging computer-based North Caro-lina Network of academic libraries is directly theresult of his vision and his determination toenhance not only the latest technology in the Uni-versityTs libraries but also to foster library cooper-ation across the state to the benefit of all NorthCarolina citizens.

Diana Young of the Division of the State Library in Raleigh Mr. Joseph Phinazee accepted the NCLA Distinguished Ser-was presented the NCLA Distinguished Service Award for her vice Award for his late wife, Annette Phinazee, from Nancywork with childrenTs and young adult services throughout the Brenner, member of the Awards and Life Memberships Com-state by president Patsy Hansel. mittee.Carolyn Palmer, media coordinator at East Mecklenburg High School in Charlotte, is shown here receiving the second annual NorthCarolina Association of School LibrariansT Media Coordinator of the Year Award. This award, presented by Carol Southerland,NCASL president, and Wilma Bates, chair of the NCASL Awards and Scholarship Committee, honors a North Carolina school mediacoordinator who demonstrates professionalism, dedication, and leadership in the school library/media center setting.Winter 1989"225

The 1989 North Carolina Library Association and SIRS Intellectual Freedom Awards were presented on October 11 in Charlotte atthe biennial conference of the state association. Elliot Goldstein of the Social Issues Resources Series, Inc. of Boca Raton, Florida,presented Anne-Marie Elkins of the Braswell Memorial Library, Rocky Mount, the award as Dr. Gene Lanier of East CarolinaUniversity and chair of the Intellectual Freedom Committee of NCLA looked on.Genealogy/Local History Committeeand Joline Ezzell WinNorth Carolina Libraries AwardsThe Ray Moore Award was presented to theGenealogy/Local History Committee of the NorthCarolina Library Association at the AssociationTsawards luncheon. Maurice C. York, chair of thecommittee, received the award for the committeewhich put together the entire summer 1988 issue,oEstablishing and Maintaining a Local History Col-lection.�The Ray Moore Award, presented to theauthor of the best article about public librariespublished in North Carolina Libraries during thepreceding biennium as determined by the jour-nalTs editorial board, was established by NCLA inmemory of Ray Nichols Moore (1914-1975). Mrs.Moore was a public librarian in Durham, N.C.,serving as director of the Stanford L. WarrenLibrary for twenty-two years. She was also activein statewide library affairs, first as a member ofthe North Carolina Negro Library Association,then after 1954 as a member of NCLA. At the timeof her death, she was assistant director of theDurham County Public Library; public library edi-226"Winter 1989tor of North Carolina Libraries; and chair of theIntellectual Freedom Committee of both NCLAand the Southeastern Library Association.The Resources and Technical Services Sectionawarded the Doralyn Joanne Hickey oBest Article�Award to Joline R. Ezzell for her article in theSpring 1989 issue of North Carolina Libraries,oFrom the Cayman Islands to Washington: Devel-opment in Academic Libraries.� This award, estab-lished eight years ago, was named for Ms. Hickeyin August 1987. Ms. Ezzell, special projects librar-ian at Duke UniversityTs Perkins Library, is thefifth person to receive this award. aSouthern HarmonyLibraries in Tune for the FutureSELA/TLA ConferenceOpryland HotelNashville, TennesseeDecember 4-8, 1990

Twentieth-Century Perspectives forLibrarians and LibrarianshipJessie Carney SmithWhat a delight to come home again"toNorth Carolina, my home state. I am delightedalso because Phillip Ogilvie, in whose honor thislecture is named, was someone whom I respectedvery much. We met early in my Fisk career, oftenat meetings of the Southeastern Library Associa-tion and also at the American Library Associationconferences. We always had something to talkabout. Perhaps the discussion centered on librar-ies and librarianship, for, as those of you who hadthe honor of knowing him recall, those topicswere dear to him. We might have discussed alsoworld affairs, public policy, or the issues of theday. We always talked. We had mutual respect foreach other. And so, whatever your reason forinviting me for this particular lecture, be assuredthat Phillip Ogilvie would be pleased.We are moving into an era that is open fordiscussion all around us"the 1990s and the year2000. There is no magic about these numbers, butthe world is always curious when we move fromone decade to another, from one century toanother. Some are enchanted by the change; oth-ers are disturbed by it. The unknown is worthdiscussing, we say. We know that both the 90s andthe twenty-first century are nearly here. We knowthat we will depart from some of our currentthinking patterns and ways of action and facenew ventures and challenges, some of which weare as yet unable to predict.Your curiosity reflects the concern of NorthCarolina librarians, educators, scholars, policy-makers and others. Your conference theme,oDesigning Libraries for the 90s,T attests to a needthat you recognize as worthy of exploration.Interestingly, the program announcement em-phasized the word odesigning� and suggests thatsome forward-thinking conference plannersrealize that revising, redirecting, inventing, andcreating are the key words that will influencewhat happens in library programs in the 90s andJessie Carney Smith, University Librarian at Fisk Universityin Nashville, Tennessee, delivered this address, the PhillipOgilvie Lecture, at the 1989 NCLA Biennial Conference inCharlotte on October 12, 1989.beyond. My topic, oTwentieth Century Perspectivefor Libraries and Librarianship,T aims to satisfythat curiosity about the 90s and to present someof the directions that we must take to promotethe smooth, effective transition from this decadeto the next, from this century to the next.As I explore this topic with you, we must firstdetermine what the publicTs needs will be. Thisaspect will be addressed in my discussion of oAPlanning Imperative.� Once we know these needs,we must next identify some of the implicationsthat these issues have for librarians and librar-ianship. This aspect will be addressed in a reviewof oThe Impact of Change on Libraries and Com-munities.� As we know how our libraries will beaffected, we must identify some of the approachesfor meeting those needs. This aspect will come inour discussion of oDesigning Library Programsand Services.� Your role as a bibliophile, a libraryfinancier, a library patron, or a library staffmember will be called into question in my finaldiscussion on oThe Potential and Challenge ofChange.� Hopefully, these four points will give usample food for thought as we move into anotherera.A Planning ImperativeWhether we like it or not, whether we areequipped to deal with it or not, our nation is facedwith a planning imperative. The terms of thisplanning imperative are largely set by the actionsof the federal government. The federal govern-ment is our largest agency. It must set planningimperatives or run the risk of losing control of thenation and failing to help the people cope withthe changes that the future holds. Then, too, thefederal budget must be dealt with, and growthand change in the country are impacted by fed-eral dollars and federal spending. The federalgovernment is our largest research unit. Red tapeand bureaucracy notwithstanding, the federalgovernment must be a planner and a doer.There have been many studies and projectsmade for the next decade and the beginning ofthe next century. One of them, and an importantWinter 1989"227

one, was made in 1988 when Assistant Secretaryof the Treasury for Management John F. W. Rog-ers and a staff from a variety of federal agenciesexamined the work of their offices, set forth someassumptions, presented some opinions, madesome analyses for the future, and made some pro-jections regarding the shape of the nation to comeand how change would affect the federal govern-mentTs ability to deliver services and informationtoward the year 2000. oMeeting Public Demands:Federal Services in the Year 2000,� is the finalreport of the review and discussion group. Whereservice is concerned, governments, like libraries,face great expectations from society. The abilityof each to perform those services that arerequired of either group is often evaluated in verypersonal terms. How quickly are requests filled?Are expectations filled on time? People are con-cerned about their own conveniences as personaltime becomes scarce"consumed by the veryessentials of daily living and being.The document oMeeting Public Demands� is aplanning tool for shaping federal government ser-vices so that the needs of a changing America aremore effectively and efficiently met. These goalsare:1. To provide a picture of the environment forfederal services in the year 2000;2. To assess the steps currently being taken toimprove services; and3. To recommend those steps necessary toimprove service by bridging the gap betweenexisting plans and probable future.!To meet these goals, it follows that emergingdemographic, economic, social, and technologicaltrends must be identified before paths can be setfor meeting needs and improving services.The findings are interesting, challenging, dis-turbing, and useful. oWhile no one can preciselypredict the future, it is not entirely unknown.�For the purpose of examining the climate for thegrowth of the federal government"and librariesas well"let us examine what the future holds for1. the U.S. population; 2. the economy; 3. thework force and the nature of work; 4. the infor-mation technology revolution; 5. lifestyles; and6. the federal government itself.Since the government has a continuing con-cern for demographics and has made the takingof various types of censuses an essential part ofits activities, demographic trends are relativelyeasy to project. Few surprises in demographicsare expected to occur by the year 2000. Using1988 as the takeoff point, by 2000 the populationwill probably increase from 238.6 million to 268million, representing a 12.4 percent growth228"Winter 1989increase. The median age will rise from 31.5 to36.6 yars. This will be the result of the aging BabyBoomers, as well as an increase in life expectancyfor Americans in general. More than 70 millionAmericans comprise the Baby Boomer group"those born between 1946 and 1964. Scientificdevelopments and improved health care willextend the life expectancy for all groups to anaverage of 72.9 years for men and 81.1 years forwomen. As the Baby Boomers become the BabyBloomers, their wealth and political power willmake them more influential. They will earn more,spend more, and become more assertive in theiropinions and voting patterns. They will have adecidedly important influence on the shaping ofthe nation and the world.Every segment of the population will beimpacted by the growth in the elderly group. Dur-ing this period, those aged 65 and over will growby 22.1 percent, and those aged 75 and older willincrease even more, from 11.8 million to 17.2 mil-lion, a 45.8 percent increase. This is three timesthe rate of increase of the whole population. Atti-tudes toward the elderly will change to accom-modate the longer life span and the aging BabyBoomer group. People will plan better for retire-ment, live longer in retirement years than earliergroups, and remain more active in the commu-nity. In addition, as longevity is extended, thoseAmericans who are over 65 may opt to worklonger. Politics will become a more vital issue asthe concern for medical care, retirement plans,and nursing homes become hotter topics.There will be a marked change in ethnicmakeup of the United States population. Ethnicminorities will continue to comprise a significantsegment of the population, and they will accountfor more of the populationTs growth. Hispanics arenow and will continue to be the fastest growingsegment of the population; this segment willexpand to 25.2 million, a 46 percent growthincrease. The number of new immigrants willincrease, averaging 450,000 persons each year.While this represents a decrease in the growthrate seen in 1980 and the level of undocumentedimmigration may also fall, the presence of largenumbers of new immigrants with language andcultural differences clearly impacts on societyand our planning strategies. The growing numberof Hispanics (and in some cases the adherence toSpanish as the only language), and the effects ofthis growing group on the government, employers,educators, communities, and others will requiregreat attention.The Pacific, Northeast, and South will beaffected by a greater share of geographic distribu-

tion of Americans. Smaller gains in growth out-side the sunbelt will produce matters of concernfor planners in those areas. The composition ofhouseholds will change: if the current divorce ratepersists, half of the young children in 1985 will livein single-parent homes during the 90s. Divorceand single motherhood affect the economy.Female heads of households will earn less annualincome than male heads.The economy may remain much like that oftoday. Increasing linkages with the world econ-omy will impact the growth, inflation, and interestrates in the United States. Some industries willreduce drastically their work force, yet some ser-vice industries will grow.The work force will grow more slowly than inrecent years. The fastest growing segment of thework force will be women and minorities, and thenature of the work itself will change significantly.Since there has been a drop in the work forceentrants following the passage of Baby Boomersinto that force, the reduction in entrants isexpected to keep unemployment below six per-cent a year. The female population in the workforce will continue to increase as will workingmothers. Men who are over age fifty-five will havea declining share in the work force. Women willcomprise the greater share of the work force;there will be an older working class; and, as aresult, the economy wil benefit. Minorities, espe-cially Hispanics, will make up a greater share asthe number of black and other nonwhite workersincreases.Occupational changes will be significant.Most new jobs will be in the service industriesregardless of the salary levels. oAlmost 40 percentof new job growth through the year 2000 will bemore highly skilled, higher paying jobs, such ashealth diagnosis and treatment, occupations... ,teachers, librarians, counselors ., generalmanagers and top executives. . .�3 Advanced edu-cational levels will not be required for many of theservice jobs. Baby Boomers have caused careercrowding and this could lead to stagnation ofincome. As more older people continue to work,Baby Boomers may retire earlier. Many employeesand employers will choose to work at home.Information technology is in a revolution.Some believe that there is now a greater demandfor information, and that more Americans areworking in what some economists call the infor-mation sector; for example, in fields that produceinformation, such as education, research anddevelopment, the media, design, and engineering,and in fields that use information, such asfinance, government, insurance, and real estate.We may predict an information infrastructure.The base of information technology has broad-ened with the development of microcomputers,and by 2000 from sixty to sixty-five percent ofhouseholds will own one. This has widespreadimpact on the work force and libraries. There willbe a proliferation of data communication net-works (i.e., digital circuitry and electronics), andby the mid-90s from six to eight businesses andforty to fifty households will have direct elec-tronic access to their political representatives inWashington and in their state capitals. The workforce will be computer literate. Already we haveseen more computers in schools and colleges andincreased demand for training programs in com-puter applications.What are we to do with librar-ians and patrons who areallergic to change?We can predict a powerful informationinfrastructure. Technology will reduce the num-bres of clerical and middle managers; there will beflexible organizational structures (a new general-ist class that can manage multi-functional sys-tems); there will be portable expertise (roboticsand other applications of artificial intelligence)[perhaps contracts will be issued to robots ratherthan to people]; and there will be electronichouseholds with access to extensive consumerinformation and perhaps even access to informa-tion in libraries. More challenging than all of thisis the fact that unforeseen developments in infor-mation technology will occur and will impact onwork and on leisure.Lifestyles will undergo drastic change drivenin part by the technology revolution, the economy,and consumer preferences for immediate conven-ience. As more women have entered the workforce, the foundation was laid for two-incomefamilies. We have busier lifestyles now; yet,increasingly, leisure time will become more valued.oThe most pervasive difference for every Ameri-canTs lifestyle will be the demand for convenience.... There will be a marked change in the wayhouseholds interact with businesses and otheragencies. The interactive databases will meanthat businesses will develop innovative ways topersuade people to buy goods and services. Theinformation and technology revolutions will createmore knowledgeable consumers. Computers willaffect lifestyles even more. They will become easierto use and more economical, and more people willbe computer literate.Winter 1989"229

People will become more mobile; there will bea resurgence in rural life, and commuting willincrease. Attitudes toward education will change.We know that our best-educated people now arethe Baby Boomers; they will, in turn, require thesame of their children. More attention will be givento preschool and elementary education, and agreater percentage of these young people will goon to college. The trend has already begun. oAsliterary demands increase, in both the technicaland written sense, the ability to function in anincreasingly complicated society becomes moreimportant. For this reason, the literacy of thepopulation has and should continue to receive ahigh amount of attentionT As more immigrantscome, as unemployment continues, and as somemembers of society fail to complete high school,our nation will still have a problem with illiteracy.The federal government's ability to deal withthese changes and revolutions will have a signifi-cant impact on society. The government's abilityto increase its work force is threatened. Competi-tion for the best prepared will be keen. Slowergrowth in the budget is expected to continue.Overall, the rate of output from the federalgovernment is unpredictable because of the veryissues and trends just discussed. Thus, thesebroad forces that shape the American societyprovide the impetus for libraries, governmentalagencies, and other groups to work together toprepare for the 90s and beyond.The Impact of Change on Libraries andCommunitiesWhere have we come from and where are wegoing? In the twentieth century alone we haveseen astronomical growth in the size of our com-munities, in their ethnic makeup, in their politicalpersuasions and activities, and in the their needfor information. We have seen phenomenal growthin the number and variety of responses to theseneeds. An impressive amount of this response hascome from libraries. The century began with ahandful of libraries scattered about, designed andadministered in an awesome manner that led thefew users to tiptoe around and painfully whispertheir needs. Between 1881 and 1919, industrialistAndrew Carnegie financed the construction of1,681 public libraries across the nation® andcountless facilities in academic institutions. Thosewere state-of-the-art facilities, but those librariesalso changed. They responded to the request foran increase in type, number, and location. Theyprovided for the industrial communities thatdeveloped, and they met the needs of the rural230"Winter 1989and elderly residents. They changed! They ex-panded so much that they could be used nolonger as effective facilities. They were expandedor abandoned in favor of more up-to-date build-ings. By the late 1960s we began to marvel overthe predictions for the future. Transmitting doc-uments electronically? Translating foreign lan-guage materials? Automated library catalogs? Acomputer on every desk? We were hardly able toenvision these revolutionary activities or to pre-dict how our meager budgets would pay for them.Time moved on, and we changed.Change is frightening, uncomfortable, threat-ening to many Americans. Some people donTt likechange. Yet when we explore what probably willoccur in the next decade, we see clearly theimpact that change will have on nearly everysegment of society. If the number of immigrantsincreases, they will need places to live and work. Ifthe Baby Boomers take early retirement, they willneed to find ways to fill the time once spent burn-ing themselves out in the workplace. If othersreach retirement age and opt to remain in thework force, they will still need to learn to live in avastly automated society. If longevity continueson the upswing, people will want quality life andwill need ways to provide that quality. If thegeneralist with little advanced education replacesthe specialist in the work place, how much is thegeneralist likely to use libraries?In the technological revolution of the 90s,when households increasingly add computersand become involved in home-connected data-bases and when the whole information and tech-nological infrastructure expands, what controlswill be required to ensure the proper distributionof information and the interpretation of it to theconsumer? Our libraries, our communities, and avariety of agencies will need to stay on the cuttingedge of fields from technology to the arts, fromeconomics to politics, from medicine to socialprograms. Newsweek magazine, October 2, 1989,notes the importance of innovators, what theyhave done, and what they are likely to do in the90s. They are on the cutting edge in their field,and they are the ospark of creativity that lightsthe way to the future�� Innovation is a number ofthings: it is creativity, visionary drive, and a wayto advance ideas. Whether the reference is tocomputers or to educational and social programs,thinking and planning generally occur yearsbefore products and ideas are disseminated.Librarians, community planners, and others needto be in think-tank seminars, research laborato-ries and elsewhere, or see that they are repre-sented there, to prepare ourselves for the 90s and

beyond. Ken Biba of Agilis Corporation, who isquoted in the Newsweek article, gives us a mes-sage that bears consideration: oItTs easy to buildproducts that are an extension of the past. ItTsharder to build a product that provides a bridgeinto the future.�Designing Library Programs and ServicesThe trendsetting ideas of the federal govern-ment discussed in the first section of this speechmay have us far off base. One may use past andcurrent data to make some predictions, but thereare always those unforeseen variables that impacton progress and change. What about the virusesthat invade the best laid plans and ideas, thatforce us to ignore predictions and deal with whatbecomes the reality? It is true that we have foundways to wipe out computer viruses in ways thatappear now to be effective, but there is always thatunforeseen problem in any entity, whether compu-ter, social program, or library. We must not liveunder threat and with fear; yet we must be cau-tiously optimistic in designing for the 90s andflexible enough to adapt programs and plans tofit the circumstances and changed need.We are entering one of the most challengingeras in our history. With the almost limitless useof computers and technology, with the costbecoming more and more affordable, some of uswill be in position to design new systems whileothers will be able to buy commercial packagesthat fit our special circumstances. As omicro� andoonline� activities assume more importance in thelibrary, the world of books will, too. Not every-thing will be omicro� and oonline� and CD-ROM.Space will become more of a premium than it isnow"for staff, for resources, for places in whichto perform new and greater services, and, wehope, for patrons.As I mentioned earlier, the flyer announcingthis conference emphasizes the word odesigning.�The manner in which the word is presentedclearly suggests the importance of planning,arranging, inventing, and effecting programs toaddress the needs of users, non-users and would-be users of libraries. We need not be uniform inthe development of libraries and the delivery ofservices, for there is much to be said for meetingneeds of the primary patron served. If our con-cern is with a national library"the National Agri-cultural Library, the Library of Medicine, or theLibrary of Congress (if we accept the fact that itfunctions as a national library), we know that theneeds of the primary patron"the national public"are addressed. If our concern is with the StateLibrary, St. MaryTs College, or Charlotte-Mecklen-When it comes to service,EBSCO believes in ~oo~being there.�TEBSCO has Sales Representatives who, through the years, have traveledhundreds of thousands of miles and worn out scores of shoes just to oobethereT for our customers. ThatTs because we feel that fo offer trulyprofessional service we must offer truly personal service.At EBSCO, we think librarians should be served by experienced serialsprofessionals who will obe there� for them. Isn't that what you expectfrom a professional subscription agency?EBSCOSUBSCRIPTION SERVICES8000 Forbes Place, Suite 204 * Springfield, VA 22151703-321-9630 (Tel) * 800-368-3290 (Outside VA) * 703-321-9159 (Fax)Winter 1989"231

Aberg County Public Library, the needs are morelocalized.Never before in the history of libraries inAmerica has the potential for designing innova-tive library programs and services been moreexciting and challenging than it is today. Manyleaders recognize the need for additional.researchbefore moving into the future. The U.S. Depart-ment of Education, for example, proposes alibrary research agenda to examine some keyissues that impact our future. What will happento libraries? Will they become obsolete? Will theyusher society into the Information Age of thefuture? These are some of the typical questionsraised, and responses from some experts in thefield are being published in Rethinking theLibrary, a proposed three-volume documentfrom the U.S. Department of Education, Office ofLibrary Programs. Volumes I and II have beenissued, while Volume III should be available in1989. If you have not done so, I urge you to orderthe free set from the Department of Education.The project has an enormous research agenda,yet it is no more enormous than we need as weapproach the year 2000. It also takes some greatstrides in clarifying issues for the profession.American Libraries, January, 1989, summar-izes quite succinctly the contents of the volumes?The experts from the field developed the agendain a series of meetings, and eleven experts werecommissioned to write nine essays on broadissues emanating from these sessions. Theseinclude library education, library economics, andinformation policies. Questions and issues raisedconcern the effectiveness of the core curricularprogram in library education, practicums, andthe length of degree programs. There is a discus-sion on the need for a unified view of librarian-ship, and less emphasis on vocational and moreon intellectual activities. One expert is concernedwith new technologies and challenges the prob-lems that these technologies pose to librarians.Their self-perception as expert mediators betweenuser and information is of great concern. There isalso a call for more experimentation, particularlywith controlled vocabularies and semantic net-works. The final volume will give recommenda-tions on improving the library research infra-structure.The eighteen-month publication was initiatedin 1986 and the agenda was set by ofield-nomi-nated� experts who identified areas that theyconsidered oresearchable.� The essays that havebeen prepared or planned are especially impor-tant for those concerned with the future of librar-ianship. They also serve as evidence that group232"Winter 1989after group is looking into the future trying todetermine where we should be going, why, how weshould get there, and what will happen when weget there.My friends and colleagues, there are manyquestions regarding libraries in the 90s, but thereare no easy solutions. I am reminded here of myfavorite cartoon character, Ziggy, who often findshimself in a rather precarious situation. He toohas been affected by new technology, and he hasbeen known to associate with computers in pub-lic. In one instance, as Ziggy sat at the computer,a message on the screen read: oThatTs the thirdtime you've punched the wrong button .... WhydonTt you just go watch some cartoons and let mehandle this.� As librarians, sometimes we will needto go away and let technology take over.Ziggy also has been disturbed that PCs weretoo personal, and he has encountered signs thatread oYou are here,� when everyone else thoughthe was somewhere else. As the publicTs leisuretime increases and the need for different kinds ofinformation intensifies, our library programs andservices will become more personal. But we mustavoid being here, one place, when all research andall odds say we should be somewhere else.The Potential for Challenge of ChangeWhat are we to do with librarians andpatrons who are allergic to change? To those whoare afraid to push buttons or rock the boat? Tothose who think in old, slow, ineffective terms: oWeused to do it this way.� We win some and we losesome, as the saying goes; therefore circumstanceswill compel some of us to let old ideas give way tothe new. The technology revolution will intensifyand use of some technology will be a matter ofsurvival. I am persuaded that technology willhave the greatest impact on all of the changespredicted for the 90s and beyond. Technology willnot replace the human touch entirely, but it willshape the way we deal with changes in society,leisure time, nature of the work force, the increas-ing elderly population, and the library programsand research activities that experts from theprofession have identified.The potential for libraries to become a moreviable force in the community, the work place,education, and in leisure must be fully and effec-tively realized. The change that can occur will nothappen in a meaningful way unless networks ofpeople and agencies work to bring it about. Thenew and continuing partnerships in the informa-tion infrastructure will help make change mean-ingful. Into the 90s and beyond, I see the followingdevelopments:

1. There will be greater access to information.Our local, state and national associations willpromote and ensure full access to libraries andinformation by all citizens. Barriers, whetherphysical, economic, linguistic, or other, will beremoved, and libraries will become greater agentsin the successful operation of the informationinfrastructure and megastructure.2. Libraries will become more involved in thepolitical process. As funding needs for librariesincrease and the public demands more and morefrom us, we will become more involved in the livesof political candidates and what happens inWashington. The second White House Conferenceon Libraries and Information Services (WHCLIS),scheduled for July 9-13, 1991, will again givelibrarians a public political platform to maketheir needs heard and felt.3. There will be more computer literatelibrarians and patrons. The almost limitless usesof new technology will set an imperative that ev-eryone must meet in one way or another. Frommore user-friendly PCs to CD-ROMs; from onlinecatalogs to a program as specialized as theNational ArchivesT WORM (Write-Once-Read-Many) optical discs with a lifetime of up to onehundred years; from databases in households to avariety of technology that increases access toinformation"bibliographic, full text and fullimage; and to types of high-tech products stilluninvented or unreleased from the drawingboards, the imperative for librarians and userswill be met in one way or another.4. Libraries and librarians will continue toplace great emphasis on intellectual freedom. Wewill continue to deplore the FBITs invasion of ourlibraries and records to determine who uses whatand why. Electronic access to data also has thepotential for easy monitoring of users and theiractivities. As the composition of communitieschange and as the information infrastructureexpands, we will ensure that oneTs freedom toread and learn is protected and maintained.5. The public will have increased awarenessof libraries and information resources. Promo-tional programs and the very nature of the wayinformation is collected, preserved and dissemi-nated will impact significantly on the publicTsneed to know and ability to find out.6. We will establish new linkages with thefederal government in information access anddelivery. Partnerships will include a variety ofagencies, local, national and international. As aprimary user of information, the government willtake a more meaningful role in accessing and dis-seminating information, both for its own pur-poses and to meet the needs of users here andabroad.In the 90s, then, let the word go out that Car-lyle, Addision, and other writers and philosophersof earlier times who are quoted so often in librarypublications for their insightful views of the worldof books may be forced to give way to quotationsfrom new philosophers whose experiences havebeen both in the world of books and in the world oftechnology. Let the key word be information, andlet it be gained through the most appropriatemeans possible. Before the 90s are over, we will besearching for answers to what the decades of2000 will hold for us. The search goes on; and sowill libraries and information sources.References1. Meeting Public Demands: Federal Services in the Year 2000.President's Council on Management Improvement. (Washing-ton, D.C.: 1988).2. Ibid., 2.Ibid., 13.Ibid., 18.Ibid., 20.American Libraries 20 (June 1989): 483.Newsweek, October 2, 1989: 34-35.Ibid., 35.American Libraries 20 (January 1989): 16. alOOANAAPwWinter 1989"233

Management Style: At Least Once RideA Wild Horse into the SunJerry D. CampbellPerhaps you do not wish to make a differ-ence. After all, it is no crime to avoid confronta-tions and controversies. Maybe what you reallylike is a status quo operation. Perhaps you devoteyour skills and energies to keeping the peace. Youapply all your management training and what wegenerally mean by your management style tosmoothing the ripples and steadying the boat.When you have an unworkable, undesirablesituation in your area"perhaps a problem em-ployee"you really hope the problem will just goaway. Addressing problems, especially personnelproblems, is unpleasant and can disrupt themorale of the whole library. You prefer just toavoid the matter when you can. If you canTt avoidit, you try to work around the problem, spreadingthe work to other employees. In the worst cases,you let the hard workers carry the slough-offs.Better that than get everyone and everything in astew.Dr. Jerry Campbell, Vice Provost for Library Affairs and Uni-versity Librarian at Duke University, delivered this address atthe Library Administration and Management SectionTs pro-gram at the NCLA biennial conference.234"Winter 1989I suspect that this describes more of us thanwe like to admit. This is management by avoid-ance. If management by avoidance is your prac-tice, it is unlikely that you will ever reachwhatever real potential you have in managementand leadership.My topic is management style. But since ITvemade reference to a line from a poem by HannahKahn in my title, I will take some opoetic license�with the topic. After all, it really doesnTt mattermuch what your management style is. DoesnTtmatter much at all. You may fit any one of theclassic Myers-Briggs personality types and still failmiserably at management. Or you may be any oneof the types and succeed brilliantly. You may sub-scribe to Theory X or Theory Y or any other the-ory and succeed or fail. You see, itTs not style ineither of these senses that makes the differencebetween success and failure. ItTs not style in eitherof these senses that makes you reach your poten-tial as a manager"or keeps you from it.Style in both these senses is just a diagnosis ofyour personal proclivities. Certainly you ought toknow what your personal proclivities are in whatwe might call the classic categories. You ought toknow whether you are process oriented or goaloriented; whether you derive conclusions primar-ily by thinking or by intuiting; whether you tend tomake up your own mind or whether you prefer toknow what others think first; or whether youincline to the hierarchical or the participativeenvironment, Self-knowledge is a starting pointfor everything you undertake"and thatTs no reve-lation. You need realistic ~self-knowledge so thatyou can learn how best to apply your talents, howto compensate for your weaknesses, and how tosupplement the gaps in your own skills with thestrengths of those whom you choose to be yourcolleagues. But even with the benefit of self-knowledge, it is not your style that matters. ItTswhat you do with it.So, I want to talk about management style ina slightly different sense. Much could be saidabout style in the context of this different sense,but three things stand out, and I will focus my

observations on these three elements of style.They are, I believe, universally applicable and crit-ically important if you are to reach your potential.They are important because management is not agame; itTs not an undertaking to be entered intolightly. ItTs not something you ought to get intojust to enhance your salary, to improve yourresume, or to alleviate boredom. All manage-ment"and I mean management at every level"hasas its purpose nothing less than carrying out themission of the parent institution. If you do notknow what that mission is and if you are not sup-portive of it, in the end you cannot effectivelymanage an institution or any of its parts.These three elements of management styleare important not only because your manage-ment affects the institutionTs pursuit of its mis-sion, but also because your management affectsthe lives and careers of your colleagues. For betteror worse, management affects peoplesT lives. Thisis so whether you manage a hundred people, oneperson, or only yourself. You cannot arrange itotherwise. If you practice management by avoid-ance, you only postpone and therefore accumu-late problems. You may even defer them to yoursuccessor, but the impact on human lives occursnonetheless and will be the greater for the delay.This is only to say by way of preface thatmanagement is a high stakes game for both insti-tutions and people.and that this is reason enoughto enter it advisedly and to take it seriously onceyou enter it.Here then are the three elements of manage-ment style that I find common to all great manag-ers and that can shape your own effectiveness.Element of Management Style #1: There MustBe an Evil Dragon Laying Waste to YourTerritory, and You Must Be On a QuestYou cannot be a successful manager if youoperate in a business-as-usual mode. Managementby avoidance is one form of a business-as-usualapproach. This, or any other form of business-as-usual, is a timid and reticent approach. It is dull,lackluster, and devoid of spirit. It doesnTt createenthusiasm. It kindles neither love nor hate,neither respect nor fear. With it you cannot evokeinspired performance from yourself or from oth-ers. Indeed, business-as-usual will eventually leadyou to a sense of purposelessness or even burn-out. It will, at best, allow you to lead your unit tothe level of hopeless mediocrity. Business-as-usual is a mode of operation best carried out ingraveyards and cemeteries. Business-as-usual iswhat you have when you have no dragons.I refer you to the sad poem by W.H. Auden,entitled oAnd the Age Ended.� It goes like this:And the age ended, and the last deliverer diedIn bed, grown idle and unhappy; they were safe:The sudden shadow of the giantTs enormous calfWould fall no more at dusk across the lawn outside.They slept in peace: in marshes here and there no doubtA sterile dragon lingered to a natural death,But in a year the spoor had vanished from the heath;The koboldTs knocking in the mountain petered out.Only the sculptors and poets were half sad,And the pert retinue from the magicianTs houseGrumbled and went elsewhere. The vanquished powers weregladTo be invisible and free: without remorseStruck down the sons who strayed into their course,And ravished the daughters, and drove the fathers mad.!If you are going to manage the fate of anorganizational unit, large or small, you must becommitted to a purpose, a mission. Without it youwill, like AudenTs deliverer, grow idle and unhappyand die in bed every day you go to work. You needa fire-breathing dragon, and you must burn withyour own inner fire to slay the monster. Entermanagement like St. George . . . clad in the armorof your commitment, armed with your native abil-ities and your acquired skills, driven by yourpledge to rid the territory of this scourge. Entermanagement ready to do battle. And if on someglorious day you slay your dragon, why then solong as you continue to wear the armor, you mustset out after another. A dragon slayerTs work isnever done.We library managers are exceedingly luckywhen it comes to dragons, in that we have somany of them available to us. We have dragonsaround every corner and in every department.Some are large and some are small. Backlogs aredragons; poor service is a dragon; the inability toget books reshelved quickly after periods of heavyuse is a dragon; lack of space is a dragon; poorsupervision is a dragon; out-of-date conceptualprocedures (like AACR II) are dragons; ineffi-cient, labor intensive, and costly work methodsare dragons. There is a dragon custom designedand waiting for every library manager at everymanagerial level. There is a dragon waiting foryou. You have only to take up the quest.The point of Element of Management Style#1 is that in order to succeed in management, toreally reach your potential, you must have zeal forsome cause appropriate to your organization andsituation. Call it a sense of mission, call it purpose,call it a dragon, but without it you will not havethe courage necessary to address the problems orWinter 1989"235

the stamina necessary to see them through tosolutions. Without it you, like AudenTs sad deliv-erer, will grow idle and unhappy and die in thebed of every workday.Element of Management Style #2: You MustFind a Way to Get Out of the MosquitoesEvery library is an Alaskan tundra teemingwith billions of mosquitoes. Their favorite food isyou, the library manager. They will swarm you.They will attack every bit of exposed skin. Theywill try to follow you home at night. If you letthem, the teeming cloud of library mosquitoes willdrive you to distraction. They might even driveyou mad. Or worse, they might clog your breath-ing passages until you feel that you are choking.Those hundreds of little things you have to doare mosquitoes. The myriad things you mustremember are mosquitoes. The reports you writeare mosquitoes. The meetings you sit through aremosquitoes. Phone calls are mosquitoes. Thethings on the list on that card in your pocket aremosquitoes. I am talking about the things, theactivities, that fill your days, haunt your nights,and still are never finished.If management by avoidanceis your practice, it is unlikelythat you will ever reach what-ever real potential you havein management and leader-ship.Every manager, of course, has to slap mosqui-toes. ItTs part of every managerial job. Your jobdescription specifies its list of duties (and, as weall learn, implicitly requires many more), and theyhave to be done. ITm not suggesting that anyoneneglect such routine necessities. The welfare ofthe organization depends upon their being done.We must all regularly take our turns out on thetundra dispensing with mosquitoes. But if youwant to reach your management potential, youmust find a way to escape them regularly andsystematically.I firmly believe"and I have written to thiseffect"that, as a manager, you have the respon-sibility to think about your organizational unit.Certainly you may invite others to help you insuch thinking. But in the end, you and you alonebear the responsibility. By virtue of your thinking,you must lead your unit into the future. And if it isan inglorious future, devoid of genius and bereft236"Winter 1989of creativity, you have only to look as far as themirror to affix the blame.Now, thinking is not in itself a difficult enter-prise. Even creative thinking, once you've had alittle experience, is not so hard. But thinking isutterly impossible when you're distracted byslapping mosquitoes. This is a universal principle.It doesnTt matter how good you are, or how goodyou think you are, at management, you are notgood enough to meet your potential withoutstepping aside from the distractions of the rou-tine. This has been known for centuries, but it isever worth remembering. Let me illustrate thispoint with a description of what we might call themanagement style of Gautama Buddha written byHuston Smith:Nearly half a century followed during which Buddhatrudged the dusty paths of India until his hair was white, stepinfirm, and body naught but a burst drum, preaching the ego-shattering, life-redeeming elixir of his message. He founded anorder of monks, challenged the deadness of Brahmin society,and accepted in return the resentment, queries, and bewilder-ment his words provoked. His daily routine was staggering. Inaddition to training monks, correcting breaches of discipline,and generally directing the affairs of the Order, he maintainedan interminable schedule of public preaching and private coun-seling, advising the perplexed, encouraging the faithful, andcomforting the distressed. [It was said that] oTo him peoplecome right across the country from distance lands to ask quest-ions, and he bids all men welcome.� Underlying his response tothese pressures, and enabling him to stand up under them was apattern which [Arnold] Toynbee has found basic to creativity inall history, the pattern of owithdraw and return.� [Before hebegan his career] Buddha withdrew for six years, then returnedfor forty-five. But each year [of the forty-five] was similarlydivided; nine months in the world, [the three months of] therainy season spent in retreat with his monks. His daily cycle toowas patterned to this mold; his public hours were long, but threetimes a day he withdrew that through meditation he might re-store his center of gravity to its sacred inner pivot?I am not suggesting, of course, that you mustbecome a Buddhist in order to excel at manage-ment. All of the great spiritual belief systems rec-ognize the need for a powerful solitude and wouldserve equally well with examples. Examples arealso available from the biographies of many greatwomen and men without reference to religion.The point is that, like batteries, we require regularrecharging in order to function continually atpeak power.Vacations can count as periods of powerfulsolitude that clear your mind, restore your vigor,and refocus your sense of mission"but they usu-ally donTt. Vacations have mostly become some-thing other than refreshing occasions for con-templation. ItTs hard to drive three thousandmiles, visit five friends and fourteen relatives,walk forty miles through Disney World, toleratescreaming children in the car, replace a blownout

tire, and return rested and refocused on yourwork. You'll come back needing relief from yourvacation.What ITm suggesting is a weekly, if not daily,respite"a time aside. Put it on your calendar...oThursday, 3-3:30 p.m. Get out of mosquitoes.Hold all calls.� DonTt write letters you owe; donTtreturn calls; donTt draft that report; donTt readyour mail. Find yourself a quiet place, pour your-self a cup of coffee. If you have an office, shut thedoor, lean back in your chair, and think.That period of recharging"when you get outof the mosquitoes"is a most extraordinary time. Itcan renew your energy. It can bring forth yourcreativity. It can transform your managementcareer. Without it, you will never escape the ordi-nary.Withdraw and return"taking the time to col-lect yourself, taking the time for undistractedthoughtfulness, getting out of the mosquitoes"this is the second element of style crucial to thedevelopment of your management potential.Sound analysis and deliberaterational assessment do notsolve problems... You solveproblems.Element of Management Style #3: You MustRide A Wild Horse into the SunGood homework and clear understanding areimportant. You must have an accurate concep-tual and procedural grasp of the organizationalunit you manage. I say this only to make it clearthat I do not disavow the value of the analyticalaspect of management. But libraries tempt you tocarry the analytical approach to extremes.Library managers are tempted to analyzeeverything. It is our quintessential approach tomanagement. How many analytical, evaluativereports have you written? How many are on yourshelves? How many unfulfilled strategic plans aregathering dust in your files? I just agreed to par-ticipate in a review of a well-known university'slibrary and received for my preparation over 250pages of details and information.Sound analysis and deliberate rational assess-ment do not solve problems. They provide infor-mation; they improve understanding; they revealoptions. But they do not solve problems. You solveproblems. And the options revealed by analysisand assessment are virtually guaranteed in them-selves to hold no creativity.FOREIGN BOOKSand PERIODICALSCURRENT OR OUT-OF-PRINTSPECIALTIES:Search ServiceIrregular SerialsInternational CongressesBuilding Special CollectionsALBERT J. PHIEBIG INC.Box 352, White Plains, N..Y. 10602You turn to analysis and assessment, how-ever, because they offer the most immediate andeasy way to engage an issue, to begin to do some-thing. You set up a task force to analyze the prob-lem; you call around to see what other librariesare doing about it; and you write a report. Yourconclusion may not be brilliant, but it feels safe. Ifit is brilliant, it is undoubtedly because you've bor-rowed an idea from someone else somewhere elsewho, thank goodness, took a different approachto the problem.But if you really want to reach your potentialas a manager, you too must take a differentapproach"youTve got to dare to step beyond themerely rational and analytical. I chose the meta-phor for this third point from a poem by HannahKahn entitled oRide a Wild Horse.� She writes:Ride a wild horsewith purple wingsstriped yellow and blackexcept his headwhich must be red.Ride a wild horseagainst the sky"hold tight to his wingsWinter 1989"237

before you diewhatever else you leave undoneonce ride a wild horseinto the sun?You've got to move beyond the merelyrational and analytical. You must ride the wildhorse of your own creativity. Of course itTs risky.Almost certainly no one else will have tried yourwild horse solution. ItTs what you and you alonehave to offer. And itTs what your library and thisprofession desperately need.DonTt tell me that you have no creativity tooffer. I will not believe you. I will believe that youdonTt want to go to the trouble. I'll believe thatyou're afraid to take the risk. I'll believe thatyou've never tapped your creative resources, thatyou've never experienced your own creativity,that you donTt know how. But I will not believethat you have only the rational and ordinary tooffer. And you must offer more to reach your fullpotential. So the third element of managementstyle crucial to your career is a bold, risk-taking,creative approach.You must ride the wild horseof your own creativity.ConclusionDragons, mosquitoes, and wild horses aremetaphors that suggest the secrets of truly greatmanagement style"sense of mission and com-mitment, undistracted thoughtfulness and reflec-tion, and bold creativity. These are elements ofstyle that matter.But beware. They will lead you into action.They will equip you with power. They will causeyou to make a difference. Then again, perhaps youdo wish to make a difference.References1. W.H. Auden, And the Age Ended in poetry is for people, editedby Martha McDonough and William C. Doster (Boston: Allyn andBacon, 1965), p. 204.2. Huston Smith, The Religions of Man (New York: Harper &Row, 1958), pp. 95-96.3. Hannah Kahn, Ride a Wild Horse in poetry is for people, p.24.al238"Winter 1989Instructions for the Preparationof Manuscriptsfor North Carolina Libraries1. North Carolina Libraries seeks to publish articles, bookreviews, and news of professional interest to librarians inNorth Carolina. Articles need not be of a scholarly nature, butthey should address professional concerns of the librarycommunity in the state.2. Manuscripts should be directed to Frances B. Bradburn, Edi-tor, North Carolina Libraries, Joyner Library, East CarolinaUniversity, Greenville, N.C. 27858.N.C. 27604.3. Manuscripts should be submitted in triplicate on plain whitepaper measuring 84� x 11�.4. Manuscripts must be double-spaced (text, references, andfootnotes). Manuscripts should be typed on sixty-space lines,twenty-five lines to a page. The beginnings of paragraphsshould be indented eight spaces. Lengthy quotes should beavoided. When used, they should be indented on both mar-gins.5. The name, position, and professional address of the authorshould appear in the bottom left-hand corner of a separatetitle page.6. Each page after the first should be numbered consecutivelyat the top right-hand corner and carry the author's last nameat the upper left-hand corner.7. Footnotes should appear at the end of the manuscript. Theeditors will refer to The Chicago Manual of Style, 13th edition.The basic forms for books and journals are as follows:Keyes Metcalf, Planning Academic and Research Li-brary Buildings. (New York: McGraw, 1965), 416.Susan K. Martin, oThe Care and Feeding of the MARCFormat,� American Libraries 10 (September 1979): 498.8. Photographs will be accepted for consideration but cannot bereturned.9. North Carolina Libraries is not copyrighted. Copyright restswith the author. Upon receipt, a manuscript will be acknowl-edged by the editor. Following review of a manuscript by atleast two jurors, a decision will be communicated to the wri-ter. A definite publication date cannot be given since anyincoming manuscript will be added to a manuscript fromwhich articles are selected for each issue.Issue deadlines are February 10, May 10, August 10, andNovember 10.PONT! SARTRE Mae Ss Fae SES Aiea aS) i LN

Old and Rare Books: A PracticalApproach For LibrariansTom BroadfootIn almost twenty years of dealing with oldbooks and old and new librarians, I have foundthat most librarians view old and rare books andpatrons with old books as one of the most bafflingand aggravating aspects of their profession, andrightfully so. Much of the public expects the locallibrary to be the depository of all printed mate-rials, old and rare, and they place the librarian asguardian guru atop the book pile"watchdog andauthority of all. Unfortunately, most librariansdonTt know a hill of beans about old and rarebooks and most could care less. Thus, when publicexpectation and the inevitable exposure to oldand rare that every library experiences meet withthe librarianTs lack of knowledge, pain in the lowerposterior is the result.However, be consoled in the knowledge thatthe chance of you or your patrons finding a veryrare book ($1000 and over) unawares is about thesame as a person who has never been fishingbreaking the blue marlin record. In twenty yearsof old books every day, all day, I have stumbledupon very few rare books in settings where theworth was not well-known: only one book worthover $10,000 and perhaps ten worth over $1000.Most rare books are owned by persons or institu-tions who know what they have. They are notgoing to dump their mother lode on the librarysteps or ask you about book care or values.However, you will often need to know aboutold books. Consider the following and your reac-tions:oWhatTs my old Bible worth?�oWho buys old books?�oThese books ITm giving to the library are val-uable and I want you to keep them forever, in aspecial locked case with my husbandTs skull andmy stuffed poodle, Fifi.�Tom Broadfoot, owner of Broadfoot Publishing Company,based this address given to the Resources and Technical Serv-ices Section on his experiences as a rare book dealer since1971. He has written a price guide on Civil War books andissued almost two hundred catalogs of out-of-print and rarebooks, maps, and manuscripts. In addition, he is a book pub-lisher and has issued almost five hundred books since 1975.oPlease tell me what these books are worth soI can deduct them on my taxes.�oThis book is rare and valuable and shouldnever have been placed on open shelving. It needsto be in a locked case.�My old cookbook is falling apart. Who can fixVienoYou sold a book in the book sale for $.50 thatwas worth $100 and my brother knows a trusteeof the library and ITm going to tell him to tell herand you'll get fired.�oI found hundreds of old letters from the1870s. What should I do with them?�oWhat should I do to take care of my oldbooks?�If you have easy answers for the above, stophere; give yourself a star for being well-informedand read no further. If, however, the answersweren't so quick and easy, keep on reading. What Ihave to say will be brief, practical, and sensible.IdentificationHow does one weed the wheat from thechaff? Rather than say which books are of value, itis far easier and clearer to delineate which bookshave little value. The following guidelines usuallyeliminate ninety-nine percent of old books asbeing of little value.Of Little Value@ Damaged books: There is a catechism in thebook world, oWhat three factors determinevalue?� Answer: ocondition, condition, condi-tion.� A volume missing any part, a cover, apage or any portion of a printed page isalmost always of little value; consider a Chip-pendale chair lacking one leg.®@ Religious books, unless printed in the U.S.before 1800.® Fiction, unless in fine condition by a house-hold name author.@ Picture and illustrated books, unless the illus-trations are such that you wouldn't object tohaving one framed and put over your mantle.® Books on politics.Winter 1989"239

® Sets of books, unless of fine binding, fine illus-trations or of such detail that it may be thefinal work on the subject"subject not beingreligion, literature, politics.@ Leather bound books unless small, of brilliantcolor, and in fine condition.®@ Newspapers, unless HarperTs Weekly 1861-65(however, keep three sets of all local papers andpublications).@ Magazines, regardless of age.@ Atlases after 1900.® Book club titles.Of course, there are exceptions to the above,but they are surprisingly few. So, which booksmay have value? The above guidelines will answerthat also, just reverse them, i.e.:® Religious books printed in the U.S. before1800.® Fiction in fine condition by household nameauthors where the copyright page has theoriginal copyright date or states first edition.® Caveat: any material, book, pamphlet, news-paper, printed in the South between 1861 and1865 is a Confederate Imprint and all arevaluable.EvaluationPinning down the exact value of a book isdifficult. If you have books which you think arevaluable, I suggest you call in a bookdealer. Selecta dealer, buy a book from him once in a while, andin return you can call him when you have books toweed or evaluate. Most questions can be an-swered easily over the phone. I evaluate books forlibrarian friends without charge and they in turn,in addition to an occasional purchase, alert mewhen collections become available and inform meof duplicates and discards that might be of inter-est.What to do with patrons who must knowwhat their books are worth? Tell them the worldof old and rare is most vast and complicated andthat you are no expert, but that you have thelatest in reference material and steer them as fol-lows. The chances are they won't find any specificreference to their volumeTs value, but you willhave provided references, and by using them, theywill determine for themselves that evaluatingbooks is no easy matter.First, expose them to the above guidelines.That will satisfy about ninety-eight percent oftheir questions. Bibles alone compose fifty per-cent of all old book queries. If they are not satis-fied or still have reason to think their volume tobe of value, I suggest the following references:240"Winter 1989Van Allen Bradley. Tie Book CollectorTsHandbook of Values, 1982 edition. Orderfrom: The Putnam Publishing Group, 200 Mad-ison Avenue, New York, NY 10016. Telephone:212-576-8908. Cost: approximately $40.00. Goodgeneral guide with useful points for identifyingfirst editions of fiction; values tend to beinflated. Regretfully, out of print.If you have money to burn and wish to reallywow your customers, you might consider the fol-lowing tomes, the second of which is vastly over-priced:BookmanTs Price Index. A twice yearly listingfrom dealersT catalogs. The chance of finding aspecific title is slim, but descriptions of bookconditions are included. Thus, a better valueindicator than Bradley. Order from: GaleResearch, Inc., Book Tower, Department 77748,Detroit, MI 48277-0748. Telephone: 313-961-2242. $180.00American Book Prices Current. Issued annu-ally, a listing of books sold at auction; a widevariety; prices tend to be on a wholesale level.Order from: American Book Prices Current,Bancroft-Parkman, Inc., P.O. Box 1236, Wash-ington, CT 06793. $390.00You can also refer patrons to bookdealers,but tell them that appraisals are expensive. A bet-ter idea is to host a book evaluating night everyyear or so. Call in a book dealer and, either for freeor asmall fee, let him spend an evening evaluatingbooks and explaining book values. If handled withforesight, such an evening can produce a goodcrowd, create a lot of satisfied patrons, and bemost enjoyable.SelectionHaving identified certain books as rare, whichones should you keep? In addition to whateverspecialized area of interest your library may have,I would suggest retaining multiple copies of alllocal newspapers and periodicals. If you live inPodunk, the odds are that the only complete fileof the Podunk Daily is at the library. I know ofmore than one instance where the local librarydiscarded the only complete run of the townnewspaper"and in doing so lost the best sourceof history and genealogy in the region. Also, keepold letters and manuscripts you are offered, ifneed be in boxes, until they can be evaluated. Dis-card whatever is left after adding to the special-ized collection of local history. What need doesthe library have for a rare book on embalming?

DispositionDo not fill shelves and rooms with materialjust because it is rare and you donTt know whatelse to do. This is a common situation which I callthe treasure room syndrome.Frequently, I am called to libraries, usuallyfollowing a change of command. The new librar-ian has discovered that along with her job she hasinherited a room full of old books, in fact every oldbook that came into the library for years. Ratherthan evaluate, select, keep and discard, thepredecessor solved the problem by keeping every-thing and locking it away. DonTt be a predecessor.Weed with ovigah� and discard with courage.You're the librarian and you're paid to do a job.Getting rid of books is as much a part of the job asbuying books. DonTt worry about the busybodieswho are sure to shriek when the first book goesout the door; but donTt be improvident either. Ifyou have a large. lot of old books which you sus-pect are of value, before putting them in the booksale at $.50 each, have a dealer look them over.Ask him to give you a statement that he has seenthe books, identified those of value, and pricedthem. This nullifies any shrieking Sally who saysthe librarian is selling books and doesnTt knowwhat she is doing. Please, if selling books whichhave library markings, stamp them discarded,preferably on a rear endpaper. Otherwise, peoplewill frequently be returning books which youmeant to discard.Interestingly, a book may have a retail valueof $100, but it probably won't fetch $20 in a booksale. Why? Book pricing has a hierarchy as thefollowing example will illustrate. I am a Civil Wardealer and issue catalogs on Civil War books. Abook priced at $100 in my catalog is near top retail;it is being offered by a specialized dealer to a spe-cialized clientele. I buy many books from otherdealers at no more than fifty percent of my retailand often a good bit less. The dealers in turn haveoften purchased from scouts or opickers� at halfor less than they sell to me. The scouts in turnhave purchased at auction and book sales at aprice at which they can make a profit. However,values must be based on a standard and whenprice guides say a book is worth $100, that is aretail value. That doesnTt mean you can readilysell books for full retail. Valuable books in a booksale at twenty-five percent of retail are reasonablypriced and probably are still too high to sell.GiftsRegretfully, most gift books are more troublethan they are worth. However, take them one andall with profuse thanks. By doing so, you keepyour patrons satisfied by fulfilling the image thatall libraries need more books. Under no circum-stances agree to keep any books forever. Just saythank you, and we're glad to have them, and wewill make appropriate use of them. DonTt acceptbooks with strings. Otherwise, when your succes-sor fifty years from now gets rid of one of AuntHaddieTs cookbooks that you agreed to enshrineforever, all hell will break loose because AuntHaddieTs daughters live forever and they will findthat one volume in the book sale among the thou-sands.AppraisalsDON'T. ItTs forbidden by law. oThe followingpersons cannot be qualified appraisers: Thedonee of the property, the person employed by orrelated to the above.� "Department of the Treas-ury, Internal Revenue Service Publication 561(Rev. Dec. 87) Determining the Value of DonatedProperty.Say, I'd love to, but I canTt. A librarian,unversed in rare book values, in IRS tax courtdefending an appraisal which was illegal in thefirst place, is not a happy camper. If you feel thata donorTs collection is valuable, put the donor intouch with an out-of-print dealer who can pro-vide a qualified appraisal. If an appraisal is to bemade, the books must be kept together so thedealer can physically examine them. A taxappraisal cannot be done from a list. However, asrare books are few and far between, most of thebooks you will receive will be of little value andnot worth appraising. If by using your guidelinesyou see the books are not of great value, perhapsyou could give the donor a receipt for the bookson library letterhead. A form letter will do:oReceived from Joe Jones on this date an unre-stricted gift of 97 hardback non-fiction books ingood condition�... or o53 hardbacked books offiction in good condition.� Perfectly above water,plus you've gotten in the term ounrestricted.� Itseems to me that somewhere I have heard abookdealer (whose name I donTt recall) say thatthe IRS would not object if a person deducted$3.00 each for gifts of hardback non-fiction, ingood condition and $.50 each for fiction. After all,what non-fiction book in good condition is worthless than $3.00"not a true appraisal but a reason-able approach.CareCare of old books is easy. The part that isnTteasy you donTt need to know about. Keep themWinter 1989"241

dry, recoat the leather ones with plain vaselineevery few years and wipe well with a terryclothtowel. DonTt rebind, but repair (see the GaylordCatalog on repair). If you must rebind, preserveoriginal covers if possible. Actually, when a bookreaches the rebinding stage, it probably has littlemonetary value; but since most of your rare booksshould be of the local historical variety, preserv-ing the original binding should be as much ofinterest as preserving the content. Your book-dealer or the rare book person at any universityshould be able to suggest a professional binder.SecurityProfessional thieves seldom visit any but thelargest libraries, and there they usually target therare book room. The people librarians shouldwatch most carefully are the genealogical seekers.If Mrs. Jones is looking for information on hergreat grandfather and she finds him on page 99 ofyour prized original local history volume, you bet-ter not leave book and Jones alone or high chan-ces are that Mrs. Jones, who would return $1000 iffound on the street, will depart with the page, ifnot the book. However, Mrs. Jones will leave all inplace if she is gently watched. Have genealogicaland local history material used in an observedarea, have each book signed for, and verify (beforeand after) that all the pages are present. There isno need to make an actual page count. When thepatron signs for the book, have her verify thepages, and have someone make a cursory pagecheck when the book is returned. It is not thechecking that deters the theft, but the knowledgethat the book will be checked.Material of great value and scarcity should beplaced in a locked bookcase in an area underobservation. Those books should not be usedexcept in the presence"cheek to cheek"of thelibrary staff.Thus, for old books. Hopefully, this unfoot-noted, practical approach will prove useful andbeneficial. By knowing how to deal with old books,you will be a more complete librarian and betterable to serve your public and yourself. The patronwhose donations are gladly received, the elderlylady who found out where to rebind her Bible, thepeople at book evaluation night, the genealogistsand historians who know and use your local his-tory-genealogy collection; these people not onlyvote oyes� on library bond issues, but are oftenpolitical and financial allies; more so than thereaders of current fiction.HereTs to old books.i"Since 1971"BROADFOOT'SNorth Carolina Book Sellers Helping North Carolina LibrariansBroadfoot's of Wendell6624 Robertson Pond Rd. * Wendell, NC 27591 ¢ (919) 365-6963The largest selection of North Carolina books anywhereFree Catalog Cards * Same Day ShipmentCatalog on requestBROADFOOT PUBLISHING COMPANYRoute 4, Box 508-C « Wilmington, NC 28405 ¢ (919) 686-4379Publishers of historical and genealogical reference sets.Now reprinting North Carolina Troops " Volumes I-VIICatalog on request242"Winter 1989

What Was on That TelephoneReference Carrousel at PLCM?For some of us, one of the highlights of thePublic Library Reception on Thursday eveningwas a trip through the back rooms of the library,and one of those back rooms was the telephonereference area. Here, as many as three librarianssimultaneously answer telephone reference in-quiries from the public. Several of us wonderedexactly what resources whirled around on thatcarrousel"and PLCM was kind enough to let usin on their oreference-go-round.�000sDictionary of Computers, Information Processing& TelecommunicationsStandard Periodical DirectoryGrangerTs Index to PoetryDewey Decimal Classification and Relative IndexAmerican Library DirectoryLiterary Market PlaceWritersT MarketThe WriterTs HandbookExtraordinary Origins of Everyday ThingsOld FarmerTs AlmanacFamous First FactsBooks in PrintUlrichTs International Periodicals DirectoryAcademic American EncyclopediaEncyclopedia AmericanaWorld Book EncyclopediaThe Book of AnswersGale Directory of PublicationsThe Book of FirstsGuinness Book of World RecordsGuinness Book of Speed FactsNorth Carolina News MediaNCCWO Annual Directory of North CarolinaOrganizationsEncyclopedia of AssociationsDirectory of Clubs and Organizations in Mecklen-burg County100sDictionary of PhilosophyMysteries of the UnexplainedDictionary of Dreams200sThe Dictionary of Bible and ReligionStrong. Exhaustive Concordance of the BibleIllustrated Dictionary and Concordance of theBibleHoly BibleThe Illustrated Bible HandbookThe WhoTs Who of HeavenThe Facts on File Dictionary of ReligionsWorld ReligionsWho's Who in Mythology300sStatesmanTs YearbookWorld Almanac and Book of FactsInformation Please AlmanacAlmanac of the 50 StatesStatistical Abstract of the United StatesNorth Carolina State Government StatisticalAbstractSouth Carolina Statistical AbstractAlmanac of American PoliticsCongressional Staff DirectoryNorth Carolina Capital GuideDirectory of the State and County Officials ofNorth CarolinaCongressional Staff Directory Advance LocatorStandard Industrial Classification ManualAmericaTs Corporate Families, Vol. 1WhoTs Who in Business and Industry in CharlotteWho's on TopCharlotte: A City in CelebrationDunTs Business Identification Service (Microform)DunTs Microcosm of Charlotte-Gastonia (Micro-form)North Carolina State Capitol Telephone DirectoryForeign Consular Offices in the United StatesFederal Staff DirectoryCounty Executive DirectoryMunicipal Executive DirectoryUnited States Government ManualNational Directory of State AgenciesWhere to Write for Birth and Death Records, etc.Directory of Human Services in MecklenburgCountyBillianTs Hospital Blue BookWinter 1989"243

LiAHA Guide to the Health Care FieldProfiles of American CollegesPetersonTs Higher Educaton DirectoryNorth Carolina Education DirectoryConsumerTs Resource HandbookNational Five Digit Zip Code and Post Office Direc-tory .World Chamber of Commerce DirectoryAT&T Toll-Free 800 DirectoryThe National DirectoryGreater Charlotte Street GuideInstant Metric Conversion TablesChaseTs Annual EventsAmerican Book of DaysEmily PostTs EtiquetteThe Amy Vanderbilt Complete Book of EtiquetteWhitakerTs AlmanackRobert's Rules of OrderCongressional DirectoryBlackTs Law DictionaryThe Municipal YearbookOccupational Outlook HandbookThe Handbook of Private Schools400sAcronymns, Initialisms and Abbreviations Dic-tionaryNBC Handbook of PronunciationDictionary of Foreign Phrases and AbbreviationsAmerican Heritage DictionaryRandom House DictionaryWebsterTs Ninth New Collegiate DictionaryWebster's Third New International DictionaryWebsterTs New World Dictionary of SynonymsThe Facts on File Visual DictionaryBernstein. Reverse DictionaryThe Dictionary of ClichesWords to Rhyme WithThe New Words DictionaryRogetTs IIA Dictionary of Slang and Unconventional EnglishThe Facts on File Dictionary of Trouble WordsThe Bad SpellerTs DictionaryThe Random House French DictionaryThe Random House German DictionaryThe Random House Spanish Dictionary500sChambers Science and Technology DictionaryHandbook of Mathematical Tables and FormulasHolt GeometryThe Amateur AstronomerTs HandbookFacts on File Dictionary of AstronomySunrise and Sunset Tables244"Winter 1989Book of CalendarsWorld Weather GuideFacts on File Encyclopedia of Aquatic LifeFacts on File Encyclopedia of InsectsFacts on File Encyclopedia of Reptiles andAmphibiansFacts on File Encyclopedia of BirdsFacts on File Encyclopedia of MammalsGeneral MathematicsConversion Factors and Tables600sThe Way Things WorkBrandnames: Who Owns WhatDorlandTs Illustrated Medical DictionaryColumbia Encyclopedia of NutritionFood and Drug Interaction GuideA Charlotte Child: A Guide for the PregnantWomanReader's Digest Illustrated Guide to GardeningHarperTs Illustrated Handbook of DogsHarper's Illustrated Handbook of CatsJoy of CookingWoodallTs Campground DirectoryLegal Secretary's HandbookHow to Clean Practically AnythingWomen Owned Business Directory for the State ofNorth CarolinaThomas Register of American ManufacturersEssential Guide to Prescription DrugsPhysiciansT Desk ReferenceConsumer ReportsT Drug Information for theConsumerThe Car BookMelloniTs Illustrated Medical DictionaryAtlas of Human AnatomyAMA Guide to Prescription and Over-the-CounterDrugsStandard & Poor's Register of Corporations,Directors and ExecutivesMetro Directory of Major Businesses in Mecklen-burg CouintyThe Secretary's HandbookDirectory of North Carolina Companies.700sBaker. Biographical Dictionary of MusiciansEncyclopedia of Pop, Rock, and SoulConcise Oxford Dictionary of OperaThe Great Song ThesaurusWho Wrote That SongHarmony Illustrated Encyclopedia of CountryHarmony Illustrated Encyclopedia of RockJazz: the Essential Companion

Leonard MaltinTs TV Movies and Video GuideHalliwell. FilmgoerTs CompanionMovie, TV and RockTnT Roll DirectoryComplete Directory to Prime Time Network TVShows, 1946 - PresentThe Great TV Sitcom BookConcise Oxford Companion to the TheatreScarneTs Encyclopedia of Card GamesFacts and Dates of American SportsEncyclopedia of SportsGuinness Sports Record BookThe Sports Address BookThe Sports Encyclopedia of Pro FootballGuide to Summer Camps and Summer Schools800sBenet. ReaderTs EnyclopediaDictionary of Fictional CharactersA Handbook to LiteratureThe Imaginative SpiritTwentieth Century AuthorsEuropean Authors, 1000-1900TurabianTs Manual for Writers of Term Papers,Theses and DissertationsHarbrace College HandbookMcGraw Hill Handbook of Business LettersBartlettTs Familiar QuotationsThe Oxford Dictionary of QuotationsThe Oxford Companion to ChildrenTs LiteratureOxford Companion to American LiteratureOxford Companion to English LiteratureBest Loved Poems of the American PeopleOxford Companion to Classical Literature900sWebster's New Geographical DictionaryWorld FactbookHammond World AtlasRand McNally Road AtlasRand McNally Commercial Atlas and MarketingGuideNorth Carolina County MapsSouth Carolina County MapsStandard Highway Mileage GuideCross Reference Directory of Greater CharlotteCharlotte City DirectoryCurrent Biography, 1957-1989North Carolina GazetteerWhoTs Who Among Black AmericansThe Complete Book of U.S. PresidentsThe Black Resource GuideReference Encyclopedia of the American IndianA complete set of Mobil Travel GuidesSara Aull Student PaperAward CompetitionThe Special Libraries Association North Caro-lina Chapter announces its annual Sara Aull Stu-dent Paper Award Competition for 1989/90. TheCompetition provides an award of $200.00 for thebest student paper of publishable quality relatingto special libraries.This Award was initiated in 1981 to honorSara Aull who served as editor of the NC/SLABulletin from 1975 to 1981. Sara has been anactive member of the Special Libraries Associa-tion since 1952. In 1983, she was honored wheninducted into the SLA Hall of Fame.Students and recent graduates are encour-aged to enter this Competition which rewards anindividual for excellence in writing while contrib-uting to the literature of special librarianship.The annual deadline for submission of papersis March Ist. The Award will be presented at theNC ChapterTs annual business meeting in theSpring of 1990.For further information and competitionguidelines contact your NC/SLA faculty liaison orthe Sara Aull Student Paper Award CompetitionPublicity Chairperson below.Tera White109 Chase AvenueChapel Hill, NC 27514 alMark Ennis of the Harnett County Public Library and Dorphof the New Hanover County Public Library promote JMRTmembership in the exhibit area.Winter 1989"245

Ya Librarians,When your library Ceneeds childrenTs Nkezbooks,why not consultwith a specialist?At Book Wholesalers, wespeciaize in supplying librarieswith childrenTs books. We are x ~large enough to supply you with every childrenTsbook you need-yeft small enough to offer youpersonalized, dedicated service. Quite simply, wework with you to make sure you will never have toworry about chiidrenTs books again.We offer you:¢One source orderingeTriple checks on all orders¢30 day delivery or status report oforder guaranteedeSubject listings of bookseCustomized paperworkeStanding order planeRepresentative visits to your libraryto assure great serviceeElectronic ordering: convenient toll-freeordering by FAX, telephone or computerolUi Mefote| MiB reme("i(elam cole mMiiinmel lata (ote= inBOOK WHOLESALERS, INC.2025 LEESTOWN RD. / LEXINGTON, KY. 40511606/231-9789, 1-800/888-4476, FAX 1-800/888-6319Contact us today and speak with one of our represen-tatives about how we can end your worries whenordering childrenTs books!Vs246"Winter 1989

So You Have to Plan a Conference ...Barbara BakerConference planning is time-consuming, hardwork. It is physically and mentally tiring. Butwhen the conference is over, you realize it is oneof the most rewarding and prideful experiencesyou will ever have. The team spirit that comesfrom working with a group to put on what has tobe othe biggest and the best� is exhilarating. Thefeeling of accomplishment almost overshadowsthe exhaustion.The recent conference of the North CarolinaLibrary Association was the second time that Ihave chaired a group planning a major profes-sional development experience for members ofthe learning resources professions. It does notmatter, though, whether thirty people or twothousand people are coming together for the con-ference, the basics of planning a conference arethe same.The following is a condensed review of theactivities that took place prior to the October 10-13 conference in Charlotte. I hope others can usethis information to make their own conferenceplanning experiences rewarding.1. I thought about the 1989 conference andplanned. When I attended the NCLA conferencein 1987, I took a lot of notes. I made notes all overmy copy of the 1987 conference program. I askedpeople what they thought went well, what theythought could have gone better, and sometimes Ijust stood around and listened as people talkedabout what sessions that they had been to or weregoing to. I also attended the final meeting of the1987 conference planning committee (after theconference) and let planning committee memberstell me what went well, and what they would havedone differently.2. In November 1987 I began bringing to-gether the group of people who would bemembers of the 1989 conference planning com-mittee. A number of people had volunteered. Iexamined their knowledge and talents and theinterests they represented. I filled in the ogaps�Barbara Baker, the incoming president of NCLA, was chair ofthe 1989 NCLA Biennial Conference Planning Committee. Sheis Associate Dean for Educational Resources at DurhamTechnical Community College in Durham, N.C.with people I knew and people suggested by otherexecutive board members.3.1 wrote down the tasks that had to beaccomplished to have a conference: programplanning, local arrangements and hospitality, reg-istration, publicity and publications, and vendors.I decided to use a management style that hasworked for me in the past and so appointed anindividual to head up each of the tasks. Eventhough some of the tasks could be accomplishedby one person, I appointed committees for eachtask. This allowed for input from many sectors ofthe membership and a greater number of ideas tobe considered. It also gave us extra staff when weneeded it at conference time. In other words, theplanning committee was a large group. We onlymet once as a whole. The subcommittees met asneeded, and a council of the subcommittee chairsmet on a regular basis.4. At the initial meeting I described theorganization of the conference planning commit-tee from my perspective and allowed for meetingsof each of the subcommittees. We did a lot of talk-ing at that meeting about the theme for the con-ference and program ideas that could com-plement themes we were suggesting.5. The local arrangements chair and I metwith the convention center and hotel representa-tives to see their facilities and to make sure weknew what was necessary in order to set up theconference.6. After the initial meeting of the entire plan-ning committee, the subcommittees went abouttheir work. There were a lot of telephone calls andseveral meetings of the subcommittees and thesubcommittee chairs. A lot of ideas and a lot oftalk went into the first months of planning.7. The shift in activity over the twenty-fourmonths of planning was interesting to watch. Inthe beginning, the task of program schedule plan-ning got the most attention. Programs of thirteensections and several committees were coordi-nated. Three general sessions, table talks, and twoother planning committee-sponsored activitieswere worked into the schedule. Social activitieswere coordinated through the local arrangementscommittee and integrated into the schedule. AtWinter 1989"247

the same time the vendors subcommittee wasinviting exhibitors.8. As the activity of planning the programschedule and vendor invitations slowed, the pub-licity and publications group became very busy. Apre-conference publicity flyer was prepared,national publication bulletin board columns werenotified of the upcoming conference, and work onthe conference program document began. (1believe the publicity and publications group hadthe greatest difficulty keeping everybody happy.They put out a pre-conference flyer even thoughtheir information was very osketchy� and thenhad to deal with people calling because it did notsay enough. They were still getting changes to theconference program two days after the programwas to have gone to press.)9. After the flurry of activity for the publicityand publications group, the registration sub-committee took on the huge task of pre-register-ing and registering nearly 1,900 participants.10. The local arrangements group workedthroughout the two years to plan social activities,make room assignments for meetings, and recruitthe local library association to staff a hospitalitytable at the conference.11. Communication about the activity of theconference planning committee was important.The executive board of NCLA was kept informedof the progress of the committee. As soon as aonear final� draft of the program was available, itwas distributed to the executive board and to anyother groups we thought might be able to spreadthe word about the conference. This was valuablesince we were scheduling for so many differentsections of the membership. We got feedbackabout the way names were spelled and which sec-tions had been left out.12. The ofront line� people"registration andhospitality table volunteers and conference plan-ning committee members"were thanked with asocial event just prior to the beginning of the con-ference.13. During the conference, members of theplanning committee stayed in touch with eachother to make sure things were running smoothly.There was always a conference planning commit-tee member at the registration table to take careof any problems that might arise.14. The final meeting of the 1989 conferenceplanning committee was held on December 11 inHigh Point, the site of the 1991 conference. TheMembers of the hard working 1989 Conference Planning Committee are shown from left to right: seated: Mary Frances Crymes,Pam Jaskot, Barbara Baker, Mary Williams, and Arial Stephens. Standing: Charles Mallas, Don White, Carol Myers, Deborah Carver,James Jarell, Lovenia Summerville, Ray Frankle, and Vanessa Ramseur.248"Winter 1989

chair of the 1991 conference planning committeewas there to hear what the 1989 committeethought went well and what they would havedone differently if they had known then what theyknow now. The conference treasurer reportedthat almost $25,000 would be turned over to theNCLA treasurer to fund special projects of thesections and round tables and programs for the1991 conference.Every two years the North Carolina LibraryAssociation begins the conference planning cycleagain. It is rewarding to help plan this major con-ference and I would encourage anyone who eventhinks they might want to be involved in this kindof activity to volunteer to work with the Associa-tion committee. If it seems too much to take on,how about volunteering to help a section or yourlocal association to plan an activity? ThereTsalways work for one more volunteer! Dy}Brrrrr...warm up your winterwith a cozy book from the libraryWERE BIGINSMALL PRESS@ 700 Presses@ 5,000 Titles@ All in StockAdult Non-FictionAnnotations ServicesPreview/Approval PlansQUALITY BOOKS INC.JOHN HIGGINSSALESREPRESENTATIVEToll FreeCall Collect1-800-323-4241312-295-2010Winter 1989"249

POINT/Believe Me, Conferences AreWorth the Effort!Beverly Tettertono,.. another conference. Why are they alwaysat the busiest time of the year?� As the time drawsnear, any hopes of clearing my desk are dimin-ished. oI will never get this schedule straight ... Ihope they got my late registration.� ItTs 5:00 a.m.,and my colleagues are parked in front of thehouse waiting ... oOh no, I forgot to call ... who'sgoing to cover? ... this is ridiculous ... why do Ibother to go ... hassle, hassle, hassle. I reallyshould stay home and take care of things.�If these thoughts sound familiar, you are aconference burnout. Sure it is a hassle, but whosefault is that? The conference is not to blame.Maybe it is not the conference that really bothersyou, but the prospect of bringing home more workas a result of the conference. Just think of all thepaperwork it may generate. Maybe it is not thatyou have more important things to do, but youfear the creation of more work for yourself. Afterall, you may actually get excited about a new ideaand want to follow through with it. Yes, the workwill pile up at home, but is it worth passing up thechance to learn something new and enjoy your-self? If so, then you are burned out whether yougo to the conference or not. Will remaining onduty in order to otake care of a few things� reallychange your outlook? A few days at a conferencemight actually be good for you. Stop taking your-self and the hassle so seriously. Look for theobvious rewards. Could it be that conferencesreally do have something to offer?If you read it in the literature, does it meanthat you do not need to hear it? True, the sessionsoften cover the same old topics, but occasionallythere is a new twist that lights a spark and gives anew perspective. If you can bring back one newidea or pick up one gem of information, the trip isworth it. Why not treat yourself to a little stimula-tion?The gems are often found in the most unex-pected places. The out-of-the mainstream lec-Beverly Tetterton is Local History Librarian at the New Han-over County Public Library in Wilmington.250"Winter 1989tures and workshops which do not directly relateto your job can nevertheless provide you with justthe right incentive to move forward. Try a fewsessions out of your milieu. An inspirationalspeaker (Dorothy Spruill Redford at the 1989NCLA Conference comes to mind) from a totallydifferent discipline can be uplifting. There are alsothe special interest lectures and workshops. Sev-eral years ago I attended a session on claymationand walked away with ideas for two successfullibrary programs.One of the best ways to learn is good old-fashioned observation. You cannot beat it for stir-ring up interest and maybe a little fun. Ad-mittedly, travel can be a hassle. You have to wadethrough the expense forms, registration paper-work, find adequate transportation, and whetheryou live down east or out west you will be upbefore the crack of dawn if you want to make it tothe first session. On the other hand, travel can berelaxing and enjoyable. Plan to stop at a fewlibraries on the way to your destination and visitthe local libraries in the city of the conference.You do not even have to be in a library to pick upgood ideas. Museums and other cultural institu-tions are great places to add to your itinerary.Sightseeing might be the most productive part ofyour trip. Even if you do not pick up any earth-shaking ideas, you may return home feeling betterabout your own library and the job you are doingthere.Next there is always the oshow within theshowT" otherwise known as people watching. Goto a session early and mingle with your colleagues.Librarians are generally a warm and friendlygroup of people always willing to talk shop. A con-ference is the best time to find out what othersare doing. Local restaurants, receptions, and thehotel lobby and bar are breeding grounds for goodideas.The exhibit hall is worth the trip. There isnothing like fooling around with the latest tech-(continued on page 252)

COUNTERPOINTBe Serious, Theyre Such a Hassle!Michael CotterDonTt get me wrong; I like to go to conferen-ces. You get to see old friends, make new ones,hear papers that you might not otherwise takethe time to read, and rejuvenate yourself. ItTs justthat, for one thing, getting there and back is morethan half the battle. You have to get the time off,find someone to work your night, arrange fortransportation, and, if youTre a state employee, fillout a oPetition to Travel�"an omen of things tocome. The petition has you fill in the method oftransportation (including state or private car. IfitTs a private car, you have to justify the reason,such as ono state cars available,�" or onot conve-nient to take a state car,� although I haven't triedthat one yet. 1 know someone who was in a statecar that broke down en route to a conference inChapel Hill fifteen years ago, and hasnTt taken astate car since!). It also asks that you estimatecosts, including air fare if applicable, and attach acopy of the conference announcement or regis-tration. In some departments, you need to maketravel plans at least three weeks in advance justto clear it through channels; in others, youshouldnTt reserve a state car until you get permis-sion to travel, by which time the state cars aregone. (So, you tentatively reserve a state car andhope that your petition is approved.) Oh, yes,remember when no more than five people fromthe same department could attend the same con-ference? That goes back to the time when severalstate employees went to a conference in Hawaiiand the media heard about it and spread thenews.Well, whatTs next? If you live anywhere east of195 or west of Winston-Salem, you might as wellplan on leaving the night before if the conferenceis in the Triangle-Triad area since a good part ofthe day will be spent on the road. If the best meet-ings begin any time before 10 a.m. and the confer-ence is in Winston, you have to figure on leavingGreenville at 5 a.m. (Now you know why the peo-ple from the east are always late.) And then youfind out that your traveling companion does notMichael Cotter is a documents librarian at Joyner Library,East Carolina University, Greenville.care to get there for the keynote address"orwants to leave before the closing session. And letTshope that this same traveling companion does notinclude anyone who takes Business 264 and justhas to stop at this place in Sims that has goodcoffee!When you get to the conference, you have tocheck in at the hotel, go through registration, andmake sure that the meetings you plan to attendaren't all at the same time. A tip on checking in:itTs a good idea to hold your room for late arrival;in this computer age, hotels will automaticallycancel your reservation if you donTt arrive by 6p.m. (That happened to someone standing in theline next to me at the Chicago Marriott thissummer; she had been held up by traffic fromOTHare and was about ten minutes late.)In general, most conferences do a good job ofnot scheduling overlapping sessions of interest topeople with similar interests, but when you talkabout conferences the size of ALA, thereTs certainto be some overlap. Maybe itTs a matter of degreeof overlap. You hope, of course, that your favoritemeeting wonTt be scheduled as the last session onthe last day, such as the NCASL meeting at thisyearTs NCLA conference. Otherwise, the place isdeserted when you leave, and your flight may notbe for two or three hours, or you have to drive forsix hours in the dark. (I realize that someone hasto be scheduled last"maybe the public librarydirectors, or LS/2000 UserTs Group.)I've seldom been hungry at conferences.Begin with free Danish and coffee from 8:30 Ttil10:00, then a lunch, afternoon refreshments,heavy hors dToeuvres, and an evening reception.ItTs all I can do to get back to my room withouthaving to let my belt out a notch. At a really goodconference you get started on some heavy discus-sion about end-user searching or smart versusdumb bar-coding, carry the session into the latehours in the bar or someoneTs room, and get upthe next morning and navigate by force of habit.Eventually, you just skip a meal, or you head forthe salad and fruit bar (hold the dressing, please).(continued on page 252)Winter 1989"251

Point (continued)nology or learning about the hot new deal to saveyour library some much needed cash. There isalso the feeling of power while talking to thevendors. No matter what your position of author-ity, a salesperson will make you feel important.They are interesting people with a different per-pective and are fun to get to know. They want toserve you, so why not let them?Last, but certainly not least, a conference isone of the few places on earth where colleaguescan build camaraderie. News, gossip and ohorrorstories� are exchanged in a relaxed atmosphere.The trip to and from the conference as well assharing a hotel room are opportunities to confirmor alter your opinion of fellow staff members.Librarian-bonding gives you the strength to gohome and face that pile of work with a grin onyour face. The smile may be returned by yournew-found comrade.The reasons for going to conferences haveprobably not changed since the birth of ALA. Thisdoes not necessarily make them good or bad. Theimportant thing is that everyone has the oppor-tunity to benefit in some way when they attend aconference. Leave your job worries at home andattend the usual (and some unrelated) sessionswith the hope of picking up at least one gem of anidea. Enjoy the busmanTs holiday while youobserve new places and meet new colleagues.Learn about new technology while the vendorstreat you like the important person you are. Havea laugh with your co-workers while you share afew experiences. Most important of all, if youdonTt take yourself or the conference tooseriously, you might just learn something!Counterpoint (continued)Those wonderful folks at Congressional Informa-tion Service know how to entertain, All the docu-ments librarians (and maybe their directors, too)are invited to a breakfast at ALA each year, atwhich you hear a legislator or other figureinvolved in government information policy (or, asit seems to be now, non-policy). Not only does CISmail invitations to you, they also run an ad inDocuments to the People in case you didnTt receivean invitation. Thanks, Mr. Adler.Speaking of CIS, I enjoy the exhibits. You hearthe latest news from salesmen: the new products,a forthcoming discount on the latest referencework, and (the important stuff) whoTs changingjobs and why. Of course, you pick up fliers forbooks that you canTt possibly order with the littlebudget thatTs remaining this year; posters thatyou eventually canTt find a place for; and shoppingbags that you add to the stack behind your desk252"Winter 1989for that rainy day when you need a bag to takework home in. In the end, I just pick up a few pensfor the people in the office.But after all that food and drink and fellow-ship, itTs good to hit the road, get back home"andback to that mountain of mail that came in whileyou were gone. You spend all day just openingmail and returning calls. As a professional, ofcourse, you take some of it home, but there aresome things that you canTt do there, so you lug itback the next morning. (Plus, you have five daysof laundry and dozens of things to tell your familyand vice versa, so you donTt get much done there,either.) Finally, you try to figure out how to fill inyour reimbursement form, the stateTs answer toForm 1040. Well, if your library is like mine, thereTsa super office assistant who will take yourbotched-up form, set it right, and get you reim-bursed for more than you thought you could jus-tify. Thanks, Lou.Library Research (continued)Department, Davis Library), examined the rela-tionship of subject searches in the online catalogto circulation patterns and profiles of the collec-tion. Their study is not yet complete, but theauthors do plan to publish the results.Finally, in 1988/89 North Carolina State Uni-versityTs Janet Edgerton (Monographic Catalog-ing, NCSU Libraries) and Raymond Taylor (Educa-tional Leadership and Development) received agrant to study the editing efficiency of an onlinebibliographic information system, based on anexamination of a large file of edit commands. Thisinvestigation is still ongoing, but the authorsexpect to attain publishable results, which willlikely be used to improve technical editing opera-tions at the NCSU Libraries.An informal survey of the grant recipientsconfirms that the researchers think their colla-borative approach was a useful one. The librar-ians were able to offer teaching faculty alaboratory for research, familiarity with the areaunder study, and knowledge of the best sources ofinformation within the library organization. Theyalso enjoyed the opportunity to think in broadertheoretical terms about their work. Facultymembers brought technical expertise (e.g., in sta-tistical methods) and a wider research perspec-tive. In NCSUTs case, the fact that the facultymember is a department head in another disci-pline further enhanced communication on librarymatters across campus. Although the maximumsize of a grant is relatively small ($3,000), applica-tion to this program is an excellent way to fund afocused project. In the words of Eric Palo,oI wouldurge others to consider applying ... and if theydonTt get it, to try again!�

Library Research in North CarolinaJinnie Y. Davis, EditorResearch is generally considered to be theprovince of teaching faculty who are trained inthe conduct of rigorous scholarly inquiry. In aprofession such as librarianship, however, practi-tioners can bring to a research project a moreintimate knowledge of its applications and set-ting, an immediacy that may be lacking in afaculty member long removed from daily work ina library.In 1982, the Council on Library Resourcesestablished a program to bridge the gap betweenfaculty and librarians. The Cooperative ResearchProgram awarded grants to stimulate research ofhigh quality and to bring faculty and librarianstogether to work on library-related problems.More recently, the program added as its ex-panded goals: stimulating productive communi-cation between teaching faculty and librarians,encouraging librarians to develop more fully theirresearch skills, and increasing the quantity andimproving the quality of research and analyticalstudies related to library operations. It also seeksto reward research that exhibits an imaginativeapproach to solving or analyzing problems andissues in our field.Since October 1982, the council has awarded102 grants to librarian/faculty research teamsacross the country. An analysis of the winninggrants shows that New York (twenty-two) andIllinois (fifteen) dominate by far the states thathave received grants. By contrast, only four wereawarded to researchers in North Carolina.In 1984/85, Barbara Moran (School of Infor-mation and Library Science, UNC-Chapel Hill)received a grant jointly with two non-North Caro-linians to explore the role of the library in BrownUniversityTs efforts to incorporate electronic tech-nologies in teaching, learning, and research. Theauthors published the results of their research inCollege and Research Libraries and plan to fol-low up with a study five years after the first inves-tigation.During the 1987/88 cycle, the University ofNorth Carolina at Chapel Hill had two morewinners. Ridley Kessler (Documents Department,Davis Library) and Evelyn Daniel (School ofInformation and Library Science) proposed asurvey of fifty-two U.S. regional depository librar-ies to establish baseline data, and to determinethe relationship of these libraries to one anotherand to the library community. They will distributetheir just-completed report to all the regionaldepository libraries, and they plan to publish anddisseminate it more widely as well. The secondteam, Jerry D. Saye (School of Information andLibrary Science) and Eric C. Palo (Circulation(continued on page 252)Winter 1989"253

Tired of makingopermanent loans?�Your collection is dwindling.Every book, periodical, record,tape, CD and piece of microfilmthat owalks� costs you money " ifthe stolen article can be replacedat all. And thesituation isgetting worse.Checkpointoffers an easy-to-use systemthat safely pro-tects every itemin your library. It can cut lossesup to 90%, and pay for itself inone to three years. Plus, itTs theonly system that offers you achoice of screen styles to suit yourlibraryTs decor.Let Checkpoint put moremoney in your budget for newacquisitions. For a presentationto your board on how to keepyour assets from becoming oper-manent loans,� call Checkpointtoday at (800) 257-5540.CheckpointTTomorrowTs Technology for TodayTs Libraries�"�550 Grove Road » P.O. Box 188 * Thorofare, New Jersey 08086(800) 257-5540 * TELEX: 84-5396 * FAX (609) 848-0937Wes Brewer, Sales Representative2921 Welcome DriveDurham, North Carolina 27705(919) 493-2161254"Winter 1989

North Carolina BooksRobert Anthony, CompilerWilliam S. Powell. North Carolina through FourCenturies. Chapel Hill: University of North Caro-lina Press, 1989. 652 pp. $29.95. ISBN 0-8078-1846-1. or ISBN 0-8078-1850-X (text ed.).Considering how widely read and studiedwas the predecessor to this volume, it may beinevitable that William S. PowellTs new history ofNorth Carolina will at first be referred to as othenew Lefler and Newsome.� Indeed, Powell was astudent and colleague of Hugh Lefler, and it wasDr. LeflerTs express wish that Powell be asked towrite the state history that would update his ownclassic text first published thirty-five years ago.The result, however, is no mere reworking of theprevious volume. Drawn from a lifetimeTs experi-ence in teaching and writing about the history ofthis state, Powell's North Carolina ThroughFour Centuries is entirely his own"fresh, remark-ably comprehensive, and a delight to read.Professor Powell is probably the best knowncontemporary historian of North Carolina, andhis whole career has prepared him for the writingof this book. Librarian and curator of the NorthCarolina Collection at the University of NorthCarolina at Chapel Hill for many years, he alsotaught history there from 1964 to 1987, compiledThe North Carolina Gazetteer and the Dictionaryof North Carolina Biography, has written andedited a variety of books on the stateTs history, haspublished innumerable articles, and also has lec-tured extensively.The authorTs thorough enjoyment of NorthCarolina history is evident on every page of thiswork. His familiarity with the material hasallowed him to write in a style less formal thanthat commonly found in textbooks, but no lessscholarly. The facts are clearly presented, specificevents described and set in context, and broadchanges defined and discussed. Yet the voice,tales, and comments are distinctly PowellTs, as ifthe reader were sitting in his classroom. Whethercharacterizing the prominent figures in the Regu-lator movement, the personalities involved in theKirk-Holden War, or Harriet Berry of the GoodRoads Association, he never allows the reader toforget the humanity of those who participated inhistoric events. In descriptions such as that ofShermanTs army crossing into the state, he con-veys a remarkable sense of what it must havebeen like.The volume begins with the land and nativepeoples and covers the sweep of events throughto the late 1980s, with a final chapter discussingoNC2000,� the findings in 1983 of the Commissionon the Future of North Carolina. Overall, a goodbalance between political and social history ismaintained. There are some separate chapters onsocial history, such as oColonial Society and Cul-ture, 1729-1776,� but it is frequently interwovenwith the political history, as in the sections onNorth Carolina after the Civil War. Some of theevents that have profoundly changed North Caro-lina in the latter half of the twentieth century arediscussed in depth, such as mileposts in the civilrights movement, the Vietnam War, studentunrest, Research Triangle Park, environmentalconcerns, etc. But the treatment of these years israther uneven. National context is given for mostof the events in North Carolina, but somehowMartin Luther King, Jr., and the assassination ofPresident Kennedy escape mention, though bothsurely affected North Carolinians. The history ofIndian North Carolinians is given by tribe in thefirst chapter. This is a useful arrangement in someways, but Indians are only occasionally referredto in the rest of the text. The oTrail of Tears� isdiscussed, but not Henry Berry Lowry or separateschool systems for Indians as well as Negroes.Also, one could wish for more on the role ofwomen before the twentieth century.Nonetheless, this is a remarkably useful andattractive book. The illustrations are excellent,including many that have not been used before aswell as some of the old standards. Maps, tables,and graphs supplement the text at judiciouspoints. Informative captions make all the illustra-tions independently interesting. Appendices in-clude a list of the British monarchs duringcolonial times; a list of governors; informationabout the counties; population statistics; sites ofmeetings of the legislature; and a chronology ofNorth Carolina history considerably expandedand improved over the one in Lefler and New-Winter 1989"255

North Carolina Bookssome. The essay on further reading and the bibli-ography are very helpful, and the book ends witha fine index.North Carolina Through Four Centuries iscertainly destined to be a classic like its fore-runner. It succeeds as an academic text, as ascholarly reference work, and as a very enjoyablebook for the history buff. Students from juniorhigh school on up would find it helpful. It willcertainly be in academic libraries in and beyondthe state, and it should be made available in pub-lic libraries as well. It is appropriate that Powellhas dedicated this book to his grandchildren.They and others like them will be enjoying thefruits of his labors for many years to come.Barbara T. Cain, North Carolina State ArchivesJon Lee Wiggs. The Community College Systemin North Carolina: A Silver Anniversary His-tory, 1963-1988. Raleigh: North Carolina StateBoard of Community Colleges, 1989. 421 pages.Limited number of copies available free from theNorth Carolina Department of Community Col-leges, Caswell Building, 200 W. Jones Street,Raleigh, 27603-1337.The North Carolina Community College Sys-tem was created by the Omnibus Higher Educa-tion Act of 1963, a significant piece of educationallegislation arising from the recommendations ofGovernor Terry SanfordTs Commission on Educa-tion Beyond the High School. The Carlyle Report,named for the chairman of the Commission, madeseveral recommendations regarding the future ofhigher education in North Carolina, not the leastof which was the merger of the dual systems ofstate industrial education centers and public jun-ior colleges to form the North Carolina Commun-ity College System. This system was to begoverned by the State Board of Education, admin-istered by a Department of Community Colleges,with local, twelve-member boards of trusteesadministering the individual institutions.It is the history of the Community CollegeSystem, therefore, that serves as the focus of thisNorth Carolina State University doctoral disserta-tion written by Jon Wiggs and published by theNorth Carolina State Board of Community Col-leges in celebration of the twenty-fifth anniver-sary of the founding of the system. It is achronological recounting of the development andgrowth of this fifty-eight college system during thefirst quarter century of its existence. Wiggs exam-ined such records as the minutes of the NorthCarolina State Board of Education, which gov-256"Winter 1989erned this system until 1981; the minutes of theNorth Carolina State Board of Community Col-leges; the Raleigh New and Observer; specialreports and documents indigenous to the systemand prepared during the period covered; andnumerous doctoral dissertations which haveexamined various aspects of the North Carolinacommunity colleges.Wiggs does analyze some of the issues andpolitical maneuverings that have been part of thesystemTs development, but primarily he has as-sembled the historical facts of its growth through1988 and structured them in a manner whichhighlights the terms of the five administrativeheads of the system: Dr. Isaac Epps Ready, direc-tor, 1963-1970; Dr. Ben E. Fountain, Jr., directorand then president, 1971-1978; Dr. Charles R. Hol-loman, senior vice-president in charge, 1978-1979;Dr. Larry J. Blake, president, 1979-1983; and for-mer governor Robert W. Scott, president, 1983- .The major weaknesses in this work are that itdoes not relate the history of the North CarolinaCommunity College System to the development ofother community colleges in the country and thatit provides only limited critical analysis. As theauthor states in the preface, however, he did notintend to do this. Rather, he wanted to provide aoqualitative data base� for the systemTs historyand tried oto capture the facts and present themas objectively and straightforwardly as possible.�Two strengths of the book are its bibliogra-phies of works cited and of dissertations whichhave been written about the community collegesin North Carolina. There are key word and chron-ological indexes to these dissertations and subjectand name indexes to the bookTs contents.The Community College System in NorthCarolina is an important work because it is thefirst published history of the system, because itadds significantly to the history of higher educa-tion in North Carolina, and because of its contri-bution to the history of the community collegemovement in this country"a national movementthat now enrolls forty-three percent of all under-graduate students in the United States.Beverly Gass, Guilford Technical Community CollegeWilma Dykeman. The Tall Woman. Newport,Tenn.: Wakestone Books, c.1962, 1988. 315 pp.$8.95. ISBN 0-9613859-1-X (pbk.).The Tall Woman: A Commentary by WilmaDykeman. Newport, Tenn.: Wakestone Books,1989. 1/2� VHS. 33 minutes. Color videotape.$89.50. ISBN 0-9613859-6-0.

Wilma Dykeman. The Far Family. New York: Holt,Rinehart and Winston, c.1966, 1988. 372 pp.$14.95. ISBN 0-9613859-4-4. Orders to WakestoneBooks, 405 Clifton Heights, Newport, Tenn. 37821.The year is 1864. Lydia Moore McQueen is aneighteen-year-old newly married woman, preg-nant with her first child, who lives in a small iso-lated North Carolina mountain community calledThickety Creek. Her husband has joined the UnionArmy while her brother and father are both fight-ing for the Confederacy. One night her brothercomes to tell her that her mother and youngerbrothers and sisters have been attacked by rene-gades who have run off all the livestock and tor-tured her mother. Lydia moves in with them tokeep the family and the farm going. Before thewar is over, she is forced, while heavily pregnant,to plow the fields using the milk cow in order forthere to be a corn crop.This is what life is like for Lydia McQueen atthe beginning of Wilma DykemanTs The TallWoman, the classic North Carolina novel recentlyre-released by Wakestone Books. The titular char-acter, Lydia, is continually faced with adversitybut her indomitable spirit and determinationenable her to persevere. As the novel continues,we see the Moores and McQueens confronted byNorth Carolina Giving:The Directory of the StateTs FoundationsNorth Carolina Giving isthe most complete, authoritative guideto the state's more than 700 privatecharitable and community foundations.It is a vital resource for nonprofitorganizations and institutions, or foranyone seeking grants.North Carolina Booksone hardship after another: LydiaTs brother losesan arm in the Civil War, her husband is a prisonerat Andersonville Prison, and her first child is bornmildly retarded.But Lydia and her family manage to copewith all the hardships. After the war, Lydia andher husband Mark move further up into themountains to homestead, and each year findsthem a little more settled and secure with theirgrowing family. Even when MarkTs restlessnesscauses him to go out west and leave Lydia and thechildren for over a year, LydiaTs strength of char-acter and her sense of purpose see her through.One of LydiaTs primary concerns is education.She believes that it is extremely important for allchildren to be educated, and she fights to estab-lish a school with a regular teacher in their com-munity. When the school is deliberately burned tothe ground, she is the driving force behind gettinga new school built for the students, even resortingto a little polite blackmail to accomplish her pur-pose.At the end of the novel, Lydia dies at the ageof fifty of typhoid fever. While she is on herdeathbed, the mountain people gather at hercabin to offer their help. One by one, they begin totell of the influence Lydia has had on their lives"how she helped bring their children into theNORTH CAROLINAEMNENorth Carolina Givingprovides all the information that isneeded to easily identify appropriatefunding sources. The directory is cross-referenced with indexes by county, areasof interest and board members, savingyou countless hours of research.The Directory of the State's FoundationsBy Anita Gunn-ShirieyPublished by Capital Consortium, Inc1990 EditionOrder your copy of thislimited edition today.Please sendme_________ copiesof = Name:North Carolina Giving at $99.00 per copy- Title:Enclosed is my check for $ Organization:ISBN: 0-9624910-0-4Bhd ; Address:Return to: North Carolina Giving, CapitalConsortium, PO Box 2918, Raleigh,North Carolina 27602 919/833-4553 Phone:Winter 1989"257

North Carolina Booksworld and nursed young and old through diseaseand death. The old mountain saying, oA tallwoman casts a long shadow,T had turned out to betrue of Lydia Moore McQueen.The story of Lydia and her struggles and tri-umphs is a compelling one; it is well told and thecharacters seem to come to life on the page. Thereis a judicious use of dialect so that the reader getsa feel for how the people spoke, but it is not sooverdone that the reader gets bogged down. TheTall Woman is an authentic depiction of moun-tain life in the South during the latter half of thenineteenth century. Mountain life and mountainlore are meticulously described. From the plant-ing of crops to the gathering of herbs and thecooking of local produce and game, everything istold in rich and exact detail. This authenticity,combined with the powerful story itself, havemade the book a popular choice for study inschools throughout the Southeast.A videotape entitled The Tall Woman: ACommentary by Wilma Dykeman has been pro-duced by Wakestone Books to accompany andaugment the study of the novel. This thirty-three-minute color videotape is narrated by WilmaDykeman herself. She reads critical passages fromthe novel and discusses some of the charactersand situations. In addition, the video vividlydepicts the mountains of North Carolina, showinga cabin of the type in which Lydia McQueen wouldhave lived as well as the surroundings, climate,and wildlife. The video helps to evoke the atmos-phere of the novel so that scenes come even morevividly to life for the reader.A second book which has been reissued byWakestone Books is The Far Family, also byWilma Dykeman. As a sequel to The Tall Woman,it deals with some of Lydia McQueenTs descend-ants. LydiaTs granddaughter Ivy who is mentionedin the last paragraph of The Tall Woman is themain character in The Far Family. She and herfamily, the Thurstons, grew up in the mountainarea of Thickety Creek, but over the years havedrifted away to other parts of the country. One ofIvyTs sisters lives in New England and another inSouth Carolina. Clay, one of her brothers, has justreturned from many years in the North. Ivy andher other brother have continued to live in themountains. Their mother, Martha, LydiaTs oldestdaughter, is still alive and in her nineties. Ivy'sson, Phil Cortland, is a United States Senator inWashington.As the novel opens, Ivy is happily lookingforward to a visit from Phil, but the anticipationsoon gives way to fear and uncertainty. A blackman has been shot and killed in rather mysterious258"Winter 1989circumstances. All the evidence points to ClayThurston as the killer, but he was too drunk at thetime to remember exactly what happened. Therewill have to be a hearing into the matter, andeveryone is immediately concerned about itseffect on the family. The family begins to gatherand rally around to face this new adversity. Theyare a very diverse group of people who have littlein common but their family ties.The novel is told with frequent flashbacks towhen they all still lived on Thickety Creek. Char-acters who were first introduced in The TallWoman reappear as the current generationreminisces. Ivy and her family use the present cri-sis to reflect on their roots. They once againrealize their mutual heritage and begin to gainmore respect for one another.Although The Far Family is a sequel to TheTall Woman, it is not nearly as significant. TheTall Woman is an exceptional novel with in-depth characterization and a plot that focuses ona struggle for survival. The Far Family, while oagood read,� does not have the scope or appeal ofthe earlier book. It is the story of a contemporaryfamily that faces contemporary problems: suicide,alcoholism, abortion. Of course these problemsare not unique to the twentieth century. But inThe Tall Woman the focus is on one woman andhow she overcomes the adversities she faces.LydiaTs personality is such that she dominates thebook, and the reader comes away with a lastingimpression of strength and courage.Diane Kessler, Neal Junior High School, DurhamAlton Ballance. Ocracokers. Chapel Hill: Univer-sity of North Carolina Press, 1989. 255 pp. $22.95.ISBN 0-8078-1878-X (cloth); $8.95. 0-8078-4265-6(paper).Ocracoke native Alton Ballance began writingOcracokers while a student at the University ofNorth Carolina at Chapel Hill in the late 1970s.Although much has been written about this spe-cial place, little of it has presented oOcracoke asmost Ocracokers know it.� A descendant of someof the first settlers, Ballance grew up on the islandand returned in 1982 to teach at Ocracoke Schoolafter having taught two years in Hillsborough,N.C. Also a Hyde County Commissioner, he is u-niquely qualified to write this book about oOcra-coke and Ocracokers, past and present, and howboth have adapted to the changes that have takenplace within the last few years.�The book is divided into three parts, each ofwhich contains several chapters. The first part

discusses the land and the sea, early history andsettlement, shipwrecks and lifesaving stations.The second part tells the stories of ordinary peo-ple, often expressed poignantly in their ownwords. It is through people like Uriah and SullivanGarrish, who taught the author the art of mulletfishing, that the reader gains the greatest appre-ciation of what Ocracoke is really like. Other spe-cial people are presented in chapters on hunting,health care, religion, and education. The finalpart, oBuilding Bridges,� discusses the NationalPark Service, hurricanes, World War II, transpor-tation services, and tourism. It concludes with adiscussion of the issues and problems confrontingthe island today.Throughout the book, Ballance interweavesthe past and the present, for they cannot be trulyseparated. He concludes, however, with a look tothe future. The last decade has seen tremendousgrowth and change, as symbolized by the con-struction of a new water tower in 1977. Ballance isoptimistic about OcracokeTs survival, although itwill require planning and acceptance of change,however difficult that may be. As he states, it isthe ochildren of transition,� such as himself, owhomust balance the old ways and the new and go onliving in the village beneath the lighthouse and thewater tower.�The author has done an excellent job of cap-turing the special qualities of Ocracoke and itspeople, both in the past and the present. Quota-tions from residents have been used adeptly toadd interest and insight. Ballance includes somediscerning comments of his own that help thereader understand Ocracokers and the chal-lenges that have confronted them in the past andthe new challenges that confront them for thefuture.Although some of the content is based on his-torical research, much of the book is written fromthe authorTs own experiences and interviews ofpeople. It is not meant to be a scholarly book;thus, there are no footnotes or bibliography(although a short one would have been useful)but there is an index. The book is illustrated withboth historical and contemporary photographs ofpeople, places, and everyday things that comple-ment the text. The style in which it is writtenmakes the book especially suitable for publiclibraries, but all types of libraries that selectNorth Caroliniana should consider acquiring it.Ocracokers also would make an excellent gift foranyone who has ever visited or lived there andhas a special affinity for the island and its people.Cheryl W. McLean, State Library of North CarolinaNorth Carolina BooksGinny Turner, ed. North Carolina Traveler: AVacationerTs Guide to the Mountains, Piedmontand Coast. Chapel Hill: Ventana Press, 1989. 362pp. $9.95. ISBN 0-940087-30-8 (pbk).North Carolina Traveler is a well-organizedand informative guide to the Tar Heel state. Thebook is divided into the three obvious regions ofthe state, then each region is subdivided intosmaller sections to describe specific areas ofNorth Carolina. The listings are in geographicorder, beginning in the east and moving to thewest, with a north to south progression withineach region.The guide was edited by Ginny Turner withcontributions by Edgar and Patricia Cheatham,Rick Mashburn, and Ginger Moore. It is written ina narrative, informal, and folksy style, with sprin-klings of humor. While this book is fascinating toread, it would be very useful as a reference guide.The organization of the sections, with distinc-tive typography for each subsection, makes it easyto scan for information. Each section begins witha discussion of the location with emphasis ontopography and history. Next, the section is sub-divided by area and then by community. Visitorinformation lists visitors bureaus, newspapers,and events calendars. Access information explainsexactly how to get to sites, including highwaynumbers and distance from other towns, as wellas the locations of airports, train stations, andbus stations. Attractions include historic places,tours, museums, special shopping, cultural offer-ings, recreation, and seasonal events. Side tripsentries discuss nearby communities. Accommoda-tions lists hotels, inns, restaurants, and nightlifein each community. Three to six entries for eachtype of accommodation are given usually inexpensive, moderate, and inexpensive priceranges. Price range citations refer to a key in theintroduction.Each entry, whether a newspaper or historicsite or restaurant, gives the address and tele-phone number. When applicable, admissionprices are given and the hours of operation andmonths of special interest are shown. Cross refer-ences allow an entry to be listed in more than onelocation.Black-and-white photographs with brief titlesare scattered throughout the book. The double-p-age highway map on the title page is followed bymaps of the three regions and of several cities. Asmall outline map of the state, with the subject ofthat section marked in black, introduces eachsection and subsection, reminding the readerconstantly of the location being discussed.Winter 1989"259

North Carolina BooksThe appendix lists addresses and telephonenumbers of useful agencies in the state as well astoll free numbers for hotel chains, transportationagencies, and car rental companies. Other usefulfacts include summer and winter average tem-peratures for various towns and ferry schedules.The detailed index provides quick reference toany topic, site, or geographic area.The coverage is thorough and would be espe-cially valuable to a person who wants to spendsome time in an area. Numerous useful bits ofinformation are included, such as the availabilityof a pet kennel at Carowinds. Information pro-vided is current, including the 1988 Nobel Prizeaward to two researchers who work with Bur-roughs-Wellcome and the 1989 debut of the Char-lotte Knights baseball team in a new stadium.Even though the coverage is extensive, it hasomitted some of this reviewer's favorite towns, aswell as all of the western coastal plain. Some greatevents are omitted, such as First Night Charlotte,a New Year's Eve celebration which attracts sev-enty-five thousand people to uptown Charlotte,and many excellent restaurants are not listed.Some of the information in the book is availa-ble in other sources. The AAA guide to NorthCarolina gives more hotels and restaurants, withevaluations, prices, telephone numbers and ad-dresses, but does not discuss each in the detailshown here. North Carolina, a Guide to the OldNorth State by Federal Writers Project, publishedin 1989, gives a good historical account of manylocalities. Marguerite SchumannTs The LivingLand: an Outdoor Guide to North Carolina,published in 1977, gives more information abouttopography and history of outdoor areas. The Di-vision of Travel and Tourism of the North CarolinaDepartment of Commerce publishes guides to thestate with information about accommodations,convention space, and access for disabled per-sons, which tend to be accurate and timely. TheDivision of Archives and History in the Depart-ment of Cultural Resources publishes directoriesof historic sites and calendars of events. TheNorth Carolina transportation map, published bythe North Carolina Department of Transporta-tion, includes many useful facts. But no otherpublication includes so much information in oneplace as is contained in this book. It has every-thing needed to travel across and around thestate.This book is recommended for every library inthe state, regardless of type. It will be popularamong patrons for local information about thehometown and for assistance when traveling.Since it will be popular, most libraries may want260"Winter 1989to reinforce or rebind the paper binding. Thisreviewer plans to keep a copy in the car for refer-ence when traveling and to give copies to familyand friends.Elizabeth J. Laney, University of North Carolina at Chapel HillDavid Payne. Early from the Dance. New York:Doubleday, 1989. 492 pp. $18.95. ISBN 0-385-26417-8.At thirty-two, Adam Jenrette has achievedsuccess as an artist, but lately his life has taken aprecipitous downward turn. Unfavorable reviewsand personal unhappiness have triggered his fre-netic involvement in the New York demimondeand his binges with alcohol and cocaine. AdamTscreativity and motivation have all but evaporated.A telephone call from an attorney beckons himhome to Killdeer, North Carolina, to attend hisauntTs funeral and discover her legacy to him.During the visit he sees Jane for the first timesince the remarkable summer they spent at theNorth Carolina coast thirteen years earlier. Theevents of that summer may have lead to the sui-cide of Cary, AdamTs best friend and JaneTs boy-friend.When they first renew their relationship,Adam and Jane circle each other verbally in a sortof prickly erotic dance. They seem emotionallyhandicapped, unable to express a thought or feel-ing without a heavy camouflage of hostile witti-cisms. Adam is morbidly (and tiresomely) ob-sessed with CaryTs suicide. This reviewer foundtheir behavior extremely aggravating. One of thetriumphs of PayneTs writing is that, as he revealsthe charactersT history, one not only understandsthis conduct, but also comes to empathize withthe pain and confusion that they experience uponseeing one another.Payne tells their story in a series of first-per-son flashbacks. The central crisis comes when thethree young people decide to spend the summerworking at the beach. At the last minute Cary isforced by his fatherTs illness to stay in Killdeer tolook after the family business. As one might guess,he asks his best friend to look after his girl. Thecliche ends here, however. Jane and Adam do notbecome involved with each other, but rather withCleanth and Morgan, respectively. This couple intheir thirties run the aptly named Lost Colonyhotel. Jane and Adam are quickly sucked into thelife of continuous excess"of drugs, alcohol, sex,psychological manipulation, and material con-sumption"that Cleanth and Morgan lead. Yethere too Payne avoids cliche. The relationships

that develop among the four characters are com-plex and emotionally charged, not merely sordidand superficial. The charismatic Cleanth is thesun around whom the others revolve. He seessomething of himself in the young Adam and for atime acts as his mentor, introducing him to var-ious forms of self-indulgence and challenging hisattitudes and values. At times Cleanth seems avery suave and modern Mephistopheles. In onecleverly written scene, Cleanth arrives wearing allblack and driving a black Porsche, to play a gameof tennis with the traditionally clad Adam. Cleanthwins. Adam finds Cleanth intriguing and his life-style seductive until its darker side begins to sur-face. During a camping trip, Morgan reveals thetruth about CleanthTs past and present, shockingthe reader no less than Adam and Jane. Only thendo the younger couple realize that they havefallen in love with each other.Many elements of Early from the Dancerecall Thomas Wolfe, Eudora Welty, WilliamFaulker, Carson McCullers, and Flannery OTCon-nor, among other Southern authors. PayneTs useof language, emphasis on uncompromising honorand fealty, interest in the various social strata,evocative descriptions of nature, complex andoften dark family relationships, fascination withinsanity, and an implicit view of God as the sourceof fate and redemption, all hearken back to theauthorTs regional heritage. The meticulous struc-ture of the novel achieves a high level of suspensewhile offering tantalizing foreshadowing.David Payne was born in Henderson, NorthCarolina, and graduated from Phillips ExeterAcademy and the University of North Carolina atChapel Hill. His first novel, the picaresque Con-fessional of a Taoist on Wall Street, won the1984 Houghton Mifflin Literary Fellowship Award.Readers familiar with that work will recognizeelements of the authorTs style and intellectualorientation in Early from the Dance. Both con-cern a male protagonist's literal and metaphysicalsearch for clues to his past and for self-awarenessand wholeness. Both novels reveal a fascinationwith charismatic personalities, father figures,moral ambiguity, power, domination, and killing.They present New York as simultaneously thepromised land and a place of moral degradation.Finally, they share a careful structure and theskillful use of literary devices.This complex and beautifully written novel ishighly recommended for public and academiclibraries across the state.Elizabeth Bramm Dunn, Duke UniversityNorth Carolina BooksGeac COMPUTERS, INC.ADVANCE Library SystemOnline Public CatalogueCataloguingCirculationAcquisitions & Serials ControlThe ADVANCE System is based onthe hardware- independent PICKOperating System.Geac's Support Services include:Field Engineering offices, Educa-ion Services, Professional ServicesProject Management and a LibraryAssistant Desk.515 N. Washington Street, 2nd FloorAlexandria, VA 22314 703-836-0225Walter C. Biggs, Jr., and James F. Parnell. StateParks of North Carolina. Winston-Salem: JohnF. Blair, Publisher, 1989. 339 pp. $14.95. ISBN 0-89587-071-1 (pbk.).If you are interested in standing on the tallestmountain peak east of the Mississippi River, scal-ing the highest sand dune on the east coast, fish-ing for bass or bluefish, or simply studying naturein peaceful surroundings, then this handy volumeis especially for you.Between the years 1916 and 1987, the state ofNorth Carolina created some forty-one stateparks, natural areas, and recreation areas, takingin nearly 135,000 acres of land. These sites rangein size from 110 acres at BooneTs Cave State Parkin Davidson County to 17,449 acres at PettigrewState Park near Creswell. They extend from thecoastal plain in eastern North Carolina to themountains in the western part of the state, andcontain a wide variety of natural environmentsand facilities for lovers of the great outdoors.State Parks of North Carolina provides currentfacts and descriptive details on each of these state-owned land areas and is intended as a basicsource of information concerning the stateTsWinter 1989"261

North Carolina Booksparks. Its attractive format facilitates this pur-pose.The guide is well organized, with each majorunit in the parks system (state park, natural area,and recreation area) treated separately. Withinthe section entitled oState Parks,� the parks arearranged by region (coastal plan, piedmont, andmountain), and then discussed alphabetically bythe name of the park. Within the sections dealingwith the natural areas and recreation areas(which are fewer in number), the areas are alsotreated alphabetically by name, but are notgrouped according to geographic location. Foreach entry, the following information is given (ifavailable): address, telephone number, size ofpark, date of establishment, location (includingdirections), principal park attractions, visitoractivities, and the season when open to tourists.Text describes the siteTs historical background,hiking trails, local flora and fauna, available tour-ist facilities (campsites, swimming areas, picnicgrounds, etc.), and other easily accessible attrac-tions nearby. An appendix of common and scien-tific names of plants and animals noted in thetext is included for the interested reader. Scat-terred illustrations, maps, and a helpful indexround out this entertaining source book for thosedesiring to spend time in the parklands.The authors, who traveled over nine thou-sand miles in the course of three years visitingnearly every site they describe, write with greatenthusiasm about the different kinds of experien-ces that abound in North CarolinaTs parks. In aconcise and interesting manner, they make apoint that no matter what type of outdoor activ-ity one enjoys, endless choices are available in theimpressive range of state parks.Biggs and Parnell have obviously compiledthis book as a labor of love for the parks of NorthCarolina and with the hope that others will sharethe joy of visiting these protected lands. In StateParks of North Carolina, they have presentedthe public with a helpful, eminently readableguide which can help its audience discover thebeauty and wonder of some of North CarolinaTsmost hidden and treasure-filled places. This bookis a must for all North Carolina libraries.Mike Shoop, Robeson County Public LibraryWilliam R. Trotter. Bushwhackers! The Civil Warin North Carolina, Vol. II: The Mountains.Greensboro: Signal Research, Inc., 1988. 338 pp.$19.95. ISBN 0-929307-02-X. Order from Pied-mont Impressions, P.O. Box 29364, Greensboro,N.C. 27429.262"Winter 1989No major battles occurred in the mountainsof western North Carolina during the Civil War.When mountain society collapsed, the violencethat took place was on a personal level, neighboragainst neighbor. Plundering and mayhem weredirected, not against some faceless mass, butagainst individuals and families known and oftenrelated to the combatants. Because westernNorth Carolina was outside the major theaters ofwar and the engagements were usually small-s-cale, and because the mountains have generallybeen off the cognitive maps of southern andNorth Carolina historians, only recently haveaccounts of the western war been publishedbeyond county and local histories. Bushwhackers,the second volume of William Trotter's three-vo-lume history of the Civil War in North Carolina[Silk Flags and Cold Steel: The Civil War in NorthCarolina, Volume I: The Piedmont was reviewedin the Summer, 1989, issue of North CarolinaLibraries], attempts to build a narrative byassembling a mosaic of fragmentary accountswhile attempting oto minimize confusion . . . with-out softening the ambiguities� (p. 3).In his introduction the author provides anaccurate evaluation of this volume: oIf little hasbeen uncovered in the preparation of this bookthat was totally unknown before, at least much ofthe information has been assembled into a coher-ent narrative that was scattered and buried inobscurity until now� (p. 3). TrotterTs method hasbeen to conflate accounts from three major workson the war in the mountains (Phillip Shaw Palud-inTs Victims, Vernon H. CrowTs Storm in the Moun-tains, and Ina W. Van NoppenTs StonemanTs LastRaid) with incidents from county and family his-tories and a variety of other sources. This hasresulted in extensive coverage of the Shelton Lau-rel massacre, the activities of ThomasTs Legion ofCherokee Indians, and General StonemanTs raidthrough western North Carolina, along with anumber of less well-known events of the period.Trotter sets the conflict within a frameworkof class divisions between the more wealthy, pro-gressive, and generally pro-Confederate mountainelites of the towns and valley farms and the lesswealthy, subsistence farming, conservative, andgenerally pro-Union mountainside and hollowdwellers. The narrative is persuasive in its depic-tion of the pervasive incidence of everyday vio-lence in the western counties and convincing inits description of the divisive effects of conscrip-tion and the devastating results of impressment.The author could have provided a more com-prehensive and convincing account if he had usedmore of the readily available primary sources.

North Carolina manuscript collections are full ofletters from the period, along with several news-paper files available on microfilm. And the recentpublication of The Papers of Zebulon Vance pro-vides an accessible wealth of documents. Thereare also an annoying number of errors thatreduce the credibility of the book. Some examplesinclude spelling: Gregg for Gragg (p. 152); editor-ial confusion: Spring Laurel for Shelton Laurel (p.225); geographic: going from Wilkesboro to Mor-gantown othrough Swannanoa Gap� (p. 22); mis-reading of sources: John Ross owho would laterbecome prominent in tribal affairs� was born in1790, died in 1866 and was not a member of theThomas Legion (p. 65); and howlers: Levi (notLevy) Coffey, despite his name, was not Jewish (p.153). The skirmish on Beech Mountain is re-counted twice, first set in the spring of 1864 (pp.161-164) and then, in a more condensed account,set correctly in the fall of 1864 (p. 173). The anno-tation is scanty and often leaves the reader with-out an indication of where to follow up aninteresting event. In one instance a note miscitesArthurTs Western North Carolina for his Historyof Watauga County. While none of these errorsvitiate the author's basic arguments or narrative,they suggest sloppy research and editing.Although many historians will argue withsome of his hasty generalizations about Appala-chian society and his accounts of Cherokee his-tory, Trotter has provided a readable account ofthe violent events that divided mountain peopleduring and after the Civil War that will suit theneeds of some readers, but libraries shouldacquire the books by Paludin and Crow beforepurchasing this one.Eric J. Olson, Appalachian State University. qiNorth Carolina BooksINTERNATIONAL LITERACY YEARaf14JA y�"�yoBarry Moser has created a poster on 1990 International Liter-acy Year for the ChildrenTs Book Council. The poster, measur-ing 24� x 32%T, is in six colors. It costs $15.00 and is shippedrolled in a mailing tube. Send a 25¢ stamped, self-addressedenvelope to CBC (P.O. Box 706, New York, NY 10276-0706) forCurrent Materials Brochure for details.Subscription OrderPlease place mailing labelfrom your issue here.North Carolina Libraries is published fourtimes a year by the North Carolina LibraryAssociation. Subscription: $32 per year; $50foreign countries. Single copy $10. Addressnew subscriptions, renewals, and relatedcorrespondence to Frances B. Bradburn, edi-tor; North Carolina Libraries, Joyner Library,East Carolina University, Greenville, NC27858 or call (919) 757-6076. (For member-ship information, see address label on jour-nal)Winter 1989"263

NCLA Section and Round TableBiennial Reports1987-1989ChildrenTs Services Section Biennial ReportCSS has accomplished the following during this biennium:1. Provided programs at both the NCLA and NCASL Con-ferences.2. Planned and produced the oChanging Needs . .. Chang-ing Behavior� seminar for professional Youth Services Librariansin conjunction with the State Library and UNC-Greensboro.3. Undertaken to publish a programming manual whichwill be available for sale at the T89 Conference.4. Instituted a membership drive.5. Published the oChapbook� newsletter.Cal ShepardCollege and University Section Biennial ReportTwo outstanding workshops highlighted the activities of thesection during the last two years. In April, 1988, the sectionsponsored oCD-ROM: Promises and Pitfalls� at Meredith College.Participants heard morning presentations from Jaye Bausserfrom Duke; Melissa Cain from UNC-Chapel Hill; Frada Mozenterand Bil Stahl from UNC-Charlotte. Vendors, including Bibliofile,Laserquest, Infotrac, Newsbank, Magazine Index, Silver Platter,and Microsoft Bookshelf, gave demonstrations in the afternoon.Kim Amato from UNC-Chapel Hill provided a bibliography.In April, 1989, the theme of the workshop was oTerm Papersto Terminals: Solutions to Problems in Bibliographic Instruc-tion.� Elon College hosted the meeting and over one hundredparticipants enjoyed the new Fine Arts Building and the hospi-tality of Al Jones and his staff. Featured speakers includedMelanie Dodson from New York University and Kathleen Jack-son from Duke. Afternoon workshops were lead by Marta Langeand Gary Momenee on freshman Bibliographic Instruction (BI);by Adam Kallish on Graphic Interfaces; Margret Hazen on Hyper-card; Margaret Jackson and Kim Amato on CD-ROM; and Eliza-beth Bramm Dunn on Burnout. One of the goals of the planningcommittee of the BI workshop was to determine if there wouldbe interest in forming a BI interest group within the section.Much interest was expressed, and further planning is underway.Another BI event is anticipated for early 1990.The Spring 1990 workshop will feature consultants from theCenter for Creative Leadership in Greensboro. The workshopwill be held in late April in a location near the center of the state.For the biennial meeting in Charlotte, the section sponsoreda presentation by Jessie Carney Smith, University Librarian atFisk in Nashville, TN.Martha M. SmithCommunity & Junior College Section Biennial ReportThe Community & Junior College Section is one of thesmallest sections of the Association (65 individual member-264"Winter 1989ships). Consequently, the major activity of the section has beento increase membership. A letter soliciting new members andencouraging/reminding current members to renew was draftedin late July, 1989, and mailed to all the community and juniorcolleges in the state as listed in PetersonTs Annual Guide toTwo-Year Colleges, 1988 ed.The Section has cooperated with the College & UniversitySection in preparing a joint program at the Biennial Conferencein Charlotte in October, 1989. Our presenter will be Jesse CarneySmith of Fisk University. Dr. Smith was named oAcademic Li-brarian of the Year� in 1985 and has many other honors to hercredit.The Nominating Committee of the Section has presentedthe following slate to serve as officers for the next biennium1989-1991:Chair: Susan Janney, Librarian, Charlotte AHECLibrarian (having served as Chair-Elect. 1987-1989)Chair-Elect: Alice Wilkins, Head Librarian, Sandhills Com-munity CollegeSecretary: Sheila Core, Reference Librarian, Surry Com-munity CollegeDirectors: Betty Williamson, Dean, LRC FayettevilleTechnical Community CollegeDavid Stewart, Librarian, Rutledge College,Winston-SalemBeverly Gass, Guilford Technical Community College andJohn Thomas, Davidson County Community College served asNominating Committee.R. Frank SinclairDocuments Section Biennial ReportWorkshopsThe Documents Section planned and held three workshopsduring the biennium. The first workshop: oInternational TradeInformation: What's New? Where and How to Find It!� was heldon May 6, 1988, at the Durham County Library. Speakersincluded Dr. Edward Tower, Duke University, Linda F. Jones,U.S. Foreign Commercial Service, Greensboro District Office;Gordon McRoberts, N.C. Department of Commerce, Interna-tional Division; Harold Blyweiss, Foreign Trade Division, U.S.Bureau of the Census; and Patricia Zigas, Business ReferenceLibrarian, BA/SS, Davis Library, UNC-Chapel Hill. This panel ofexperts discussed information needs of researchers, servicesavailable from government, the harmonized tariff schedule, andlibrary resources.The second workshop: oCollection Development Policies forGovernment Publications,� was held at Wilson Library, UNC-Chapel Hill on October 7, 1988. A successful grant applicationfor LSCA Continuing Education funds helped us to attractspeakers with noteworthy experience in collection management.Speakers included Dr. Robert Broadus, School of Information

and Library Science, UNC-Chapel Hill; Barbara Huylk, Docu-ments Specialist, Detroit Public Library; and Marie Clark, DukeUniversity. They made presentations concerning basic principlesof collection development, demographics, the GovernmentPrinting Office connection (GPO), and preservation and raredocuments. Sample collection policies were criticized. A panel ofNorth Carolina documents librarians discussed cooperative col-lection development and highlighted strengths of special collec-tions of documents in North Carolina. A review of the workshopevaluation forms revealed that objectives of the workshop weremet.The third workshop: oGovernment Documents and OnlineCatalogs: Alternatives,� was sponsored in part by an NCLA pro-gram grant. Four experts provided insight on bibliographicaccess of major depository collections via online systems.Carolyn Jamison discussed document cataloging problems andissues. Janifer Meldrum discussed documents archival tapecleanup and issues relating to the loading of archival tapes. JanSwanbeck discussed the cataloging of documents in an onlinesystem. Arlene Hanerfeld discussed short record entry into theOCLC/LS2000 system with ramifications for circulation and theonline catalog.A study circle on state documents, sponsored by the NorthCarolina Library Staff Development Program, was held at theState Library on September 30, 1988. Patricia Langelier wasfacilitator for the informal problem solving session.North Carolina State Document Depository SystemA representative of the NCLA Documents Section, JackMcGeachy, was named to the Depository System AdvisoryBoard. Ten new depository libraries were added in February,1989. The present total of North Carolina depository libraries,including the original seven pilot libraries is seventeen. Nearly6,000 individual items were distributed through the Systemfrom November 1988 through March 1989.Legislative ActivitiesPatricia Langelier testified before the Legislative ResearchStudy Committee (LRC) about the value and use of state publi-cations. Members of the Section supported and monitored theoState Publication Policy� bill which addressed the issues of auniform policy for the production and distribution of state pub-lications and appropriate use of acid-free paper in state docu-ments.BylawsThe SectionTs Bylaws have been revised by the ExecutiveCommittee and reviewed by the NCLA Constitution, Codes, andHandbook Revision Committee.Conference ProgramThe SectionTs conference program: oDocuments in theSchools,� was an outreach program which focused on coopera-tive efforts of documents librarians and school media specialiststo increase the use of documents in schools. Featured speakersincluded Ridley Kessler, the Regional Depository Librarian andcurrent chair of the Depository Library Council, and CarolLewis, School Media Programs Director for the state of NorthCarolina. A panel discussion of documents use by elementary,middle, and high school librarians illustrated successful andcooperative efforts between depository librarians and mediaspecialists.PublishingA new attractive format for the The Docket (ISSN 0198-1048), the official quarterly newsletter of the Documents Sectionof the North Carolina Library Association, was instituted by edi-tors, Cheryl McLean and Patricia Langelier. Regular featuresBiennial Reportshave included profiles of federal depository libraries; notabledocuments column; Frame of Reference"Documents ReferenceSources; Pending Legislation; and state documents news.OfficersThe SectionTs officers for the 1987-1989 biennium are listedbelow.October 1987-October 1988Patricia Langelier, ChairLauren S. Williams, Vice-Chair/Chair-ElectNancy Kohlenbrander, Secretary/TreasurerOctober 1988-October 1989Lauren S. Williams, ChairRobert Gaines, Vice-Chair/Chair-ElectLisa T, Abbott, Secretary/TreasurerThe 1987-1989 biennium has been busy and profitable forthe Documents Section. My appreciation goes to the excellentwork of the Executive Committee and Section members over thepast two years. It has been a pleasure to serve on the NCLAExecutive Board as the SectionTs representative.Lauren S. WilliamsIntellectual Freedom Committee Biennial Report1. Responded to requests for information from NorthCarolina librarians in Chapel Hill, Morganton, Fayetteville,Greenville, Edenton, Charlotte, Fremont, Carthage, Raleigh,Greensboro, Pembroke, Asheville, Louisburg, Hiddenite, PointHarbor, Taylorsville, Hickory, Rocky Mount, Stoneville, Rock-ingham, Winston-Salem, Lucama, Salisbury, Kinston, Wilson,Eden, Wilmington, Clemmons, Trinity, North Wilkesboro, Golds-boro, Pikesville, Wake Forest, Raleigh, Farmville, Burlington, NewBern, Kernersville, and Durham.2. Responded to requests for information from out of statein Oklahoma City, Memphis, Milwaukee, New York, Chicago, Win-ter Park, Jacksonville, AL, Washington, Madison, Des Moines,Manhattan, KS, Roanoke, New Brunswick, Virginia Beach,Brooklyn, Los Angeles, Minneapolis, Atlanta, Norfolk, Bir-mingham, Phoenix, Orono, Lansing, Sante Fe, Dallas, Houston,Providence, and Port Arthur, TX.3. Committee members were involved in intellectual free-dom workshops in Waynesville, Lenoir, Kinston, Burlington, Car-thage, Winston-Salem, Greensboro, Asheboro, and Greenville.4. Chairman gave intellectual freedom presentations/speeches in Greensboro, Wilson, Charlotte, Columbia, SC, RockyMount, Greenville, Raleigh, Chapel Hill, Boone, Roanoke, VA, Chi-cago, IL, Atlanta, GA, Lillington, Farmville, Norfolk, VA, Bir-mingham, AL, Asheville, Washington, DC, Phoenix, AZ, Houston,TX, Santa Fe, NM, Dallas, TX, Syracuse, NY, Cullowhee, andRome, GA. Future presentations have been scheduled in Lans-ing, MI, Jekyll Island, GA, Greenville, Detroit, MI, Providence, RI,High Point, and Chicago, IL.5. Chairman appeared on television and radio supportingintellectual freedom in Greenville, Washington, New Bern, Albe-querque, NM, Santa Fe, NM, Kinston, Winston-Salem, Raleigh,Atlanta, GA, Syracuse, NY, Waco, TX, San Francisco, CA, NewOrleans, LA, Greensboro, Wilmington, and High Point: He alsowas interviewed for numerous newspaper articles.6. Chairman had articles/chapters published on intellec-tual freedom in North Carolina Libraries (edited Fall, 1987,issue on intellectual freedom), Intellectual Freedom Manual(8rd edition published by ALA), Sociology: An IntroductionWinter 1989"265

Biennial Reports(published by Random House), Newsletter on Intellectual Free-dom (book review), School Library Media Quarterly (bookreview), Texas Library Journal, and Free Speech Yearbook(Volume 27 published by Southern Illinois University Press).7. Chairman elected as Chairman of the Board of Advisorsof People for the American Way in North Carolina and helpedform coalition with NCLA IFC resulting in conferences/seminarson intellectual freedom in Raleigh, Asheville, and Winston-Salem; the establishment of a censorship hotline (1-800-768-7329);the establishment of a writersT and speakersT bureau; establish-ment of newsletter, The North Carolina Connection, going toover 5000 members in the state; a Salute to Liberty fundraiser atBiltmore Estate in Asheville; television promos featuring boardmember Maya Angelou for Banned Books Week; and an eveningreception featuring actresses Elizabeth McGovern and NatashaRichardson reading banned passages from Shakespeare.8. Maintained chronological notebooks of newspaper clip-pings forwarded by committee members to the chairman onintellectual freedom to help track trends in censorship.9. Reported on NCLA IFC activities at oRoll Call of theStates� at annual conference of the American Library Associa-tion in New Orleans and Dallas.10. Negotiated with Social Issues Resources Series, Inc., toagain give the cash award to accompany the NCLA IntellectualFreedom Award at the biennial conference of the North Caro-lina Library Association; to develop a brochure gratis on theNCLA and SIRS Intellectual Freedom Awards describing theaward and listing IFC members, their addresses, and telephonenumbers for distribution at the conference; and to give an all-conference reception honoring intellectual freedom in NorthCarolina.11. Cooperated with Paulette B. Bracy in planning andconducting an intellectual freedom preconference.12. Monitored censorship attempts on many titles includ-ing: Flowers for Algernon; oThe MillerTs Tale� from CanterburyTales; I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings; WhatTs the Matter,Silvie? Can't You Ride?; Angel Dust Blues; Run, Shelley Run;Ordinary People; This School is Driving Me Crazy; What Kindof Guy Do You Think I Am?; Light in the Attic; Vogue, Mademoi-selle, Cosmopolitan, Glamour, Life; Top Dog, Bottom Dog; FosterChild; Monsters and Vampires; Crossroads (movie); Libraryprogram on ESP and healing; Brochure on Guidelines for AIDSRisk Reduction; ItTs Not the End of the World; The Great GillyHopkins; One Flew Over the CuckooTs Nest; Encounter (text-book); The Chocolate War; Magical Changes; Moondial; No Placefor Me; The Three Robbers; Abortion and the Conscience of theNation; The Last Temptation of Christ (movie); Annie on MyMind; The Four Major Cults; Pregnancy Support Services(exhibit); Less Than Zero; The AnarchistTs Handbook.Gene D. LanierJunior Members Round Table Biennial ReportThe activities of the Junior Members Round Table duringthe past two years include sponsoring a program and an exhibitat the 1987 Biennial Conference; presenting the Baker & TaylorGrassroots Grant, Young Librarian Award, and the FriendlyBooth Award at the 1987 Biennial Conference; participating inthe 1989 Career Fair at the University of North Carolina atChapel Hill; revising our bylaws; and planning for our programat the 1989 biennial conference.For the 1987 Biennial Conference, the JMRT along with theChildrenTs Services Section and the Round Table for EthnicMinority Concerns sponsored the program oA Sample of NCLA.�266"Winter 1989During the program JMRT presented the Baker & Taylor Grass-roots Grant to Jill Gregory and the Young LibrarianTs Award toSusie Speer. JMRT also gave a Friendly Booth Award to Vtek.Despite losing several officers during 1988 and 1989, theRound TableTs executive board worked on revising the bylaws sothat our bylaws would be in line with those of ALA/JMRT. Thesechanges included redefining eligibility requirements for membersand clarifying the duties of the Secretary/Treasurer and Direc-tor of Information. The board has also proposed that the nameof the Round Table be changed to New Members Round Table.The general membership will vote on this change at the businessmeeting to be held at the 1989 conference. Board members alsoplanned a program on mentoring to be held at the 1989 confer-ence and sponsored a small exhibit at the UNC-CH Career Fairfor library science students. The Round Table was successful inrecruiting new members at this event.Rhonda HunterNorth Carolina Association of School LibrariansBiennial ReportFor the 1987-89 biennium NCASLTs image has been shining.For the first time ever, membership broke 1000 (highest count1124). New ground was broken in other areas as well. The Exec-utive Board and committee chairs participated in an overnightretreat to plan long- and short-range goals for the Association.The School Library Media Coordinator of the Year Award wasestablished. NCASL sponsored a statewide teleconference onInformation Power, the new Guidelines for School Media Pro-grams. The NCASL Legislative Committee was created. TheNCASL Bulletin was given a facelift and set new standards foritself. A liaison person was appointed to coordinate activitieswith the NC High School Library Media Association. Even inthese transition months to a new biennium NCASL is planningto take on the sponsorship of a statewide competition amongmiddle schools called Battle of the Books.In spite of all the onew� activity, obusiness as usual� did notsuffer. An excellent statewide conference was very successfulaccording to evaluations. Vice-chair Laura Benson led the plan-ning for the 1988 program, oInformation Power: Building Part-nerships for Tomorrow.� The 1989 program at NCLA promises tobe equally exciting with author Alvin Schwartz featured.Other accomplishments include major Handbook revision,yearly School Library Media Day events, AASL involvement bymany of the members of NCASL, participation in ALA Legisla-tive Day in Washington, DC, issuance of new stationery bearingthe adopted NCASL logo, participation in initial planning for thenext White House Conference on Libraries and InformationScience.NCASL has been very proud of its award recipients:Superintendent of the Year:Larry Ivey, Montgomery County SchoolsSchool Library Media Coordinator of the Year:Libby Pitts, Greensboro City SchoolsMary Peacock Douglas Award:Emily Boyce, East Carolina UniversityIn addition to the above, scholarships and research grants aregiven annually to several applicants.Only the highlights have been mentioned. Hundreds ofcommittee members put in thousands of volunteer hours tomake it all possible"and more too!Carol Southerland

North Carolina Library Paraprofessional AssociationBiennial ReportIn December 1987, President Patsy Hansel appointed acommittee to explore the issue of paraprofessional participa-tion in NCLA. Ann Thigpen of Sampson-Clinton Public Library,Judie Stoddard of Onslow County Public Library, and MeralynMeadows of Stanly County Public Library made up this commit-tee with Mrs. Thigpen serving as Chair. The first step taken bythis committee was querying all paraprofessionals in public, aca-demic, and school libraries. Using the American Library Direc-tory as a guide, a survey was mailed to 292 libraries. In April 1988,tabulation results of the survey showed a response from 726paraprofessionals, with only 61 of those respondents beingmembers of NCLA. However, 481 of those respondents wereinterested in joining a paraprofessional round table.With such a positive response from the survey, a petitionwith 100 signatures of NCLA members supporting the formationof a round table on paraprofessional participation was pre-sented to the Executive Board of NCLA at the July 29, 1988,meeting. Round table status was granted.The North Carolina Library Paraprofessional Associationwas the name chosen by a majority of paraprofessionals at anorganizational meeting held on November 10, 1988, at the Dur-ham County Public Library in Durham, North Carolina. Morethan 120 paraprofessionals from across the state attended thismeeting. Debbie Wolcott, Chair of the Paraprofessional Forum ofthe Virginia Library Association was the keynote speaker. In aneffort to learn the areas of concern of paraprofessionals and thedirection this round table should pursue, participants weredivided into groups to discuss their concerns with a spokesper-son from each group. Some of those concerns included:¢ Limited travel funds for paraprofessionals to attend meet-ings and workshops.* Communication. Paraprofessionals donTt always receivecommunication from above.* Respect for the paraprofessional"especially from profes-sionals on the same staff"and assertiveness training.¢ Job descriptions that do not accurately reflect the workbeing done.¢ Temporary upgrades for paraprofessionals taking overresponsibilities of vacant professional positions.¢ Advocacy for paraprofessionals.¢ Improvement of work performance through workshops.¢ Need to learn procedures for requesting reclasses, upgrades,etc., to relieve salary discrepancies.* Supervision by paraprofessionals of coworkers and friendswhen the professionals are absent.* Recognition for work well done, in addition to salaryincreases.* Discrepancies in job classifications in different institutions.This round table hopes to address these concerns throughworkshops and training sessions. The results should be a moreproductive and efficient paraprofessional staff, one that con-tributes to the overall success of the library.On January 16, 1989, at Elon College a steering committeemet to elect interim officers to guide the activities of this newround table for the remainder of the biennium. Those officersare Ann Thigpen, chair, Edna White, secretary, and SandraHope, treasurer.On May 25, 1989, a workshop, oImproving Staff Communica-tions,� sponsored by NCLPA was held at Wilson County PublicLibrary with 75 participants. Dr. Ernie Tompkins, Director ofTraining for the City of Winston-Salem was the presenter. Arepeat of the same workshop was held on May 31 at AppalachianState University in Boone with 52 participants. Duncan Smith, ofBiennial ReportsNorth Carolina Central University, served as program coordina-tor. These workshops were funded in part by LSCA Title III.As of July 1989 this round table has also printed three news-letters.The NCLPA has engaged Ms. Kathleen Weibel, Director ofLibraries, Ohio Wesleyan University to be our keynote speaker atthe 1989 NCLA convention. Ms. Weibel will present a program onWednesday, October 11, and again on Friday, October 13.Since the formation of this round table, we have had inquir-ies from other states concerning our Association. There seems tobe a national movement toward an organization within ALAgeared to the library paraprofessional.Ann H. ThigpenPublic Library Section Biennial ReportDuring this biennium one committee, Automated Services,was created in Planning Council, and two committees appearedto be headed for status as NCLA committees: Literacy andGenealogy & Local History.In efforts to further public librarianship, the PersonnelCommittee was active in recruitment efforts such as the UNC-CH Career Day. The Development Committee created the $500Public Library Development Award intended to reward individ-ual initiative and creativity.The YA Committee's Grassroots was revised and a new pub-lication, The Public Image, was published by the PR Committee.The Audiovisual CommitteeTs A.V. Directory and ResourceGuide will be out shortly.The section co-sponsored the General Assembly LibraryLegislative Day Breakfast in Raleigh, which appeared to be quiteeffective, although a roll call affected attendance. Two representa-tives of PLS attended National Legislative Day in Washington.Staff development opportunities were offered by commit-tees of the Public Library Section, including oHow to Deal WithNoted author and storyteller Alvin Schwartz entertainedNorth Carolina Association of School Librarians at theirannual conference luncheon in Charlotte.Winter 1989"267

Biennial Reportsthe Media� (PR Committee), oA.V. Equipment Maintenance andRepair Workshop� (AV Committee), a oBookmobile Workshop�(Adult Services), and others. A major effort was oLibraries Open-ing Doors to Literacy� held in conjunction with the N.C. LiteracyAssociation Conference in Boone by our Literacy Committee.The members of the Genealogy Committee were responsiblefor organizing the new NCLA Round Table on Special Collec-tions. Our Literacy Committee is also the NCLA Literacy Com-mitteeWill Manley will be the Conference Speaker on October 13,1989. The State Library was invited to send a representative toPlanning Council and either Howard McGinn or John Welchattended.Finally, the Section has been asked to use $5000 of availableLSCA money to prepare an RFP to accomplish a comprehensivestudy of public library development in the state. We plan to doso and to investigate the possibility of co-sponsoring a lobbyist inthe General Assembly. Much was accomplished and much indi-vidual effort was expended by the members of each of our com-mittees. We feel that the Public Library Section had a verysuccessful biennium.David G. FergussonPublic Library Trustee Section Biennial ReportAchievements for the past two years1. Established the North Carolina Public Library TrusteeInstitute as a jointly sponsored program of the State Library ofNorth Carolina, The North Carolina Library Staff DevelopmentProgram, North Carolina Public Library Directors Association,and NCLA Public Library Section.The Friends of North Carolina Public Libraries became aco-sponsor of the Institute in 1989.2. Sponsored two very successful Trustee Conferencesthrough the North Carolina Public Library Trustee Institute inMay 1988 and May 1989.Highlights of the conferences were:1988oThe Future of Economic Development in the South�"JesseL. White, Jr.oBooks that Develop the Mind�" Dudley FloodoFiscal Responsibilities of Trustees�"Ronald A. Dubberly1989oShaping Economic and Education Growth in Communities�"Robert H. McNulty, President, Partners for LivablePlacesoPlanning for Automation and Communication Networks�oBuilding and Renovating for Effective Service�oFiscal Responsibilities: The Growth of Money, Making theMost of It�3. Participated in the Annual Legislative Day in Washing-ton, D.C., April 1988 and 1989.4. Co-sponsored preconference on censorship and intellec-tual freedom at the NCLA Biennial Conference, October 10,1989.5. Sponsoring session on trusteesT role in promoting literacyin local communities for educational and economic growth andstability at the NCLA Biennial Conference, Thursday, October12, 1989.Summary and Acknowledgements:The Public Library Trustee Section has been successful infulfilling its goals and objectives for the 1987-1989 biennium. Thesection has planned and sponsored two significant continuingeducation programs for its members and public library leadersin North Carolina. These programs have received national andregional recognition, and requests have been made from several268"Winter 1989state libraries for materials used in planning and implementingthem.Special appreciation is accorded the State Library of NorthCarolina for its role in establishing the North Carolina PublicLibrary Trustee Institute and to Dr. Benjamin F. Speller, Jr.,Dean of the School of Library and Information Sciences, forproviding the facilities and resources at North Carolina CentralUniversity needed to make this important milestone in the his-tory of this section a reality. Special thanks are made to BillRoberts and the staff of the Forsyth County Public Library fortheir support during my tenure as Chair of the Public LibraryTrustee Section.Trene P. HairstonReference and Adult Services Section Biennial ReportThe non-Conference highlight of this biennium was the Sep-tember 9, 1988, workshop, oNew Visions: Challenges to Informa-tion Professionals,� held at the Forsyth County Public Library.Our presenters, a mix of librarians and non-librarians repres-enting vastly different backgrounds, reflected the exciting diver-sity of RASS supporters.Our presenters offered challenges to modern librarians.Forsyth County Manager Graham Pervier told us to go out andmake some mistakes; Information USA President MatthewLesko told us to look outside our organizations, especially innon-traditional places, for what our clients need; Winston-Salemattorney Meyressa Schoonmaker told us to stay in touch withthe heart of our communities, to remember powerful informa-tion as the great equalizer among unequals; College of Williamand Mary librarian Jim Rettig persuaded us to ask ourselvesdaily why we were at our jobs and to make the complex simplefor our public; Duke University librarian Kathleen Jackson toldus to be non-conformists and to question all the basic catalogingrules; North Carolina Library Staff Development CoordinatorDuncan Smith told us that continuing education was the bestmanagement tool possible and affirmed the value of otime tothink.�And, most exciting of all, the audience challenged the chal-lengers. The discussion was terrific, confirming our notion that,above all, RASS needs to offer a forum for exchange betweenprofessionals of different North Carolina communities on theheart of this matter of adult library services and informationproviding. (We are sure automation is not the sole subject ofprofessional concern!)One new form of exchange has been spearheaded by CharlesMontouri, at the State Library. RASS has begun elec-tronically networking reference and adult services information,the opeople, places, events, bibliographies, reports� of our NorthCarolina library world. These librarians will cover their areas ofthe state: Southwest Region, Laurel Hicks, Gaston County Public(editor-in-chief); Central Region, Nancy Rountree, SandhillsCommunity College; Northwest Region, Barry Miller, R.J. Rey-nolds Tobacco Co.; Western Region, Anna Donnally, Asheville-Buncombe Library; Southwest Region, Betty Holmes and ElaineFranz, St. Andrews Presbyterian College; and Northeast Region,Mike Gluck, East Carolina University.Conference planning, chaired by Johannah Sherrer, hascentered on our values of diversity and collegial exchange. Mainpresenters on the human dynamics of reference service (whatwe call oLife in the Fast Lane�) at the October 1989 BiennialConference, are public library director Will Manley and univer-sity library director Kaye Gapen. Following the main presenta-tions, audience can choose to participate in discussions of CDRoms: Effective Care and Feeding Techniques; Ethics of TreatingDifferent Patrons Differently; Roadblocks to Reference Service

Created by Librarians; Meatball Reference: Techniques for Main-taining Quality during Rush Periods; Library Instruction: Tech-niques for Keeping it Fresh; and Selling Your Library at theReference Desk.RASS has had its best planning meetings when everyonewho expressed an interest in the Section was invited to join theBoard. Thank you, everyone. Thank you, especially, to Vice ChairJohannah Sherrer, Secretary/Treasurer Anna Donnally, direc-tors at large Anne Marie Elkins and Debora Hazel, college anduniversity director Cindy Adams, community college directorBarbara Miller, special director Joyce Throckmorton, publicdirector Joan Sherif, North Carolina Libraries rep Ilene Nelson,and past chair Jean Amelang.Barbara AndersonResources and Technical Services SectionBiennial ReportThe RTSS section of NCLA has had a successful and veryactive biennium. First, the section held its biennial Mini-Confer-ence at Southern Pines, oTechnical Services as Public Services,�which more than one hundred members attended. By allaccounts, the program was a major success, offering newinsights and methods for integrating the two services.In addition, at the Mini-Conference, we experimented witha pre-conference cataloging workshop for alternate formats,which drew more than twenty attendees. Because this was sucha successful addition to our program, we have added this formatto the RTSS contribution to the upcoming NCLA Fall Confer-ence.At the NCLA Fall Conference, the Association is sponsoringtwo general speakers: Sandy Berman, head of cataloging at theHennepin County (Minnesota) Public Library, who will discussoEverything About Cataloging You Probably Did Not Learn inLibrary School,� and Tom Broadfoot, a Wilmington (NC) rarebook dealer, who will talk about oOld and Rare Books Simpli-fied"Care, Protection, Evaluation and, Yes, Even Discarding.�We will also repeat our traditional breakfast and awards meet-ing.During the biennium, RTSS has established a new award, inaddition to the two previously offered. The oSignificant Contri-bution� award was designed to recognize the individual who has,in some way, made a major improvement in the field of Techni-cal Services in the state of North Carolina.All in all, this has been a busy biennium for RTSS: holding asuccessful Mini-Conference, contributing to the overall NCLAConference, and expanding areas in which we recognize andaward contributors to our own field.Harry TuchmayerRound Table on Ethnic and Minority ConcernsBiennial ReportREMCo proposed workshops on the following topics for thebiennium:1. The Interviewing Process2. Branch Library Services3. Recruiting4. Afro-American Genealogy5. Working Relations from a Minority PerspectiveIt successfully accomplished the following:1. Workshop on Afro-American Genealogy2. Workshop on Mentorship conducted by ArnieceHilliard Bowen, N.C. A&T State University, GreensboroBiennial Reports3. Participation in the NCCUTs workshop on Mentorshipand NetworkingREMCo conducted regular meetings and received a reporton the status of Black Librarianship by Carolyn Gill, NCCU circu-lation librarian, Durham, during a regular meeting held at NashCommunity College, Rocky Mount, on March 4, 1988.REMCo received a NCLA grant to sponsor Ann Allen Shock-ley, newspaper staff writer and columnist, librarian, consultant,and writer, Nashville, TN; and Casper LeRoy Jordan, deputydirector, Atlanta-Fulton Public Library, Atlanta, GA, as speakersat the NCLA 1989 Conference. The session oRoad Builders"Librarians Who Paved the WayT will honor outstanding minoritylibrarians in academic, public, school, and special libraries andlibrary education. Announcements of the award and guidelinesfor nominations will be mailed to the entire membership.REMCo co-sponsored Maya Angelou, renowned author, lec-turer, and Wake Forest University professor, as a keynotespeaker at the 1987 NCLA Conference.The REMCo Newsletter was edited and published twice dur-ing the biennium.Geneva B. ChavisRound Table on the Status of Women in LibrarianshipBiennial ReportThe Round Table presented two workshops this biennium,both funded from LSCA Title III. The first, entitled oBecome aMore Effective Communicator,� was presented in two locations,June 3, 1988, in Fayetteville and June 10 in Winston-Salem. Atotal of forty-one participants attended. We heard Dr. LoletaWood Foster's presentations on verbal and non-verbal commun-ication styles, strategies, and techniques to sharpen skills. Weshared several public speaking assignments in a large groupsetting and exercises in a small group setting; and each partici-pant was videotaped in an interview situation. Evaluations weregenerally good, with positive reviews of the videotape expe-rience.The second workshop was called oMoney and Librarians� andheld in Chapel Hill at the School of Information and LibraryScience on March 16, 1989. Thirty-five participants from allareas of the profession, including public, school, academic, andspecial libraries, heard Alice Sizer Warner of the InformationGuild, a financial management and consulting firm, address top-ics such as the budget process, feeling comfortable talking aboutmoney, alternate funding sources, and entrepreneurship in theinformation business. Evaluations were fairly good; some parti-cipants wanted a more in-depth presentation. The Round Tableis reconsidering the tactic of having a one-day workshop so thatlibrarians would not have to stay overnight versus having toomuch material to cover in one day.Our newsletter MsMANAGEMENT was published andmailed three times per year for a total of six issues. We com-pleted Volume 4. Interviews this biennium included Jinx Melia,our speaker at the NCLA Biennial Conference; Mary Jo Godwinof Wilson Library Bulletin; Dean Evelyn Daniel of UNC-ChapelHill School of Information and Library Science; Elinor Swaim ofthe North Carolina State Library Commission; Marion Johnson,retired from the State LIbrary; Rose Simon of Salem College; andMary McAfee of Forsyth County Public Library, our most recentPast-President.We are sponsoring a major speaker at the Biennial Confer-ence in Charlotte, Jinx Melia, author of BREAKING INTO THEBOARDROOM, formerly titled WHY JENNY CANTT LEAD. Ms.Melia is founder of Operational Politics, Inc., a program designedto teach men and women how to recognize the operational sys-Winter 1989"269

Biennial Reportstems at work in business, community and politics. She hastaught courses in the development and.use of power for the CIA,US. Naval Academy, and other top government agencies. She hasappeared extensively in the media, including TIME magazine,the TODAY show, and DONAHUE. The Social Issues ResourcesServices Series, Inc., donated $500 toward Ms. MeliaTs expenses.We are co-sponsoring a reception at Discovery Place withthe ChildrenTs Services Section on Thursday evening at the con-ference. Instead of MSMANAGEMENT t-shirts (which are still onsale through the newsletter), we are offering pink MSMANAGE-MENT notepads for sale at the conference.Patrice EbertNCLA MinutesNorth Carolina Library AssociationMinutes of the Executive BoardJuly 28, 1989Barbara Anderson Gloria MillerBarbara Baker David PaynterAmanda Bible Nancy RayFrances Bradburn Karen SeawellDoris Anne Bradley Cal ShepardNancy Brenner Frank SinclairWaltrene M. Canada Gorda SingletaryMelanie CollinsPatric DorseyPatrice EbertDavid FergussonNancy FogartyRay FrankleJanet FreemanDavid GleimJim GovernPatsy HanselIrene HairstonRuth HoyleMichael LaCroixPatricia LangelierCarol SoutherlandSylvia Sprinkle-HamlinSusan SquiresRenee F. StiffRebecca TaylorBeverly TettertonAnn H. ThigpenJerry ThrasherHarry TuchmayerSusan TurnerArt WeeksJohn WelchLauren S. WilliamsThe Executive Board of the North Carolina LibraryAssociation was called to order by President Patsy Hansel at10:05 a.m., July 28, 1989. The above persons were present at NewHanover County Public Library. Rebecca Taylor, Harry Tuch-mayer, and Director David Paynter brought greetings.President Hansel recognized newly elected officers, newchairs-elect, and other guests.Minutes of the April 28, 1989 meeting were approved withtwo minor corrections.Treasurer Nancy FogartyTs exhibits showed $5,262.82 in thechecking account and $90,261.97 in the Cash Investment Account;disbursements totaled $46,690.91 from April 1 to June 30,1989; and North Carolina Libraries had a June 30 balanceof $38,052.04. Treasurer Fogarty noted that NCLA was spendingmoney, but not nearly fast enough.270"Winter 1989Barbara Baker distributed a draft of the conference pro-gram. On August 15, preconference information will be mailed,and another mailing will occur September 1. She mentioned that70 vendors had registered and more were expected.President Hansel asked for volunteers to work as oExpertAdvisors� at the Placement Center on October 11 and 12.Editor Frances Bradburn reported that the summer issue ofNorth Carolina Libraries was mailed July 20. She attended theChapter Editors meeting in Dallas and noted that the ChapterEditors Subcommittee was an official subcommittee of theAmerican Library Association Chapter Relations Committee.During August, the NCL editorial board will identify therecipient of the Ray Moore Award, an award presented at theNCLA Conference to the author of the best article about publiclibrarianship during the preceding biennium. Themes forupcoming issues starting with Fall, 1989 and ending Spring,1990 are oTechnology,� oConference Issue,� and oLibrary Humor.�In addition, Editor Bradburn praised the work of the NCLeditorial board.Kieth Wright, ALA Council Representative, was absent.However, he submitted a report indicating that more than17,000 people attended the annual conference, membershipincreased 15% since 1985, information literacy continues to bediscussed, any dues increase will be postponed until 1991, thenew Executive Director is Linda Crismond, and ALA divisionswill pay a greater share of the costs they incur. The reportfurther stated that copyright of computer software legislationhas been amended to exempt nonprofit libraries and libraries ineducational institutions from restrictions on lending of suchmaterials.Jerry Thrasher passed out the new dues structure for theSoutheastern Library Association which ranges from $10 to $30based on salaries, $40 for sustaining and $60 for contributingmembers. The membership committee of SELA recommendedraising additional Section/Round Table selections from $2 to $4each. The theme for the SELA Biennial Conference in Nashvilleis oSouthern Harmony: Libraries in Tune with the Future.�Before reports from committee chairs, Secretary of CulturalResources Patric Dorsey brought greetings from the StateLibrary. Funding for the Library for the Blind and PhysicallyHandicapped continues to be a concern although she wasassured that additional money would be available.

It was reported that State Librarian Howard McGinnreceived the Exceptional Achievement Award from the Associa-tion of Specialized and Cooperative Library Agencies. The awardrecognized his leadership in the development of state libraries.Reporting for the College and University Section was SusanSquires who said that the spring workshop, oTerm Papers toTerminals: Solutions to Problems in BI,� had approximately 100participants. Small group sessions included Hypercard and CD-ROM, burnout, and graphics. Personnel from the Center forCreative Leadership in Greensboro will present leadershipissues at next yearTs program. Jesse Carney Smith from FiskUniversity will present the program in Charlotte.The recently organized Advisory Committee on Automationand Networking, chaired by Marti Smith of Saint Mary's, hosteda meeting for representatives of all the independents at GuilfordCollege on June 20. They were encouraged to continue efforts tofoster communication and cooperation with public institutionsof higher education and with the State Library. Leland Park,Davidson College, will host the first meeting of the LibraryDirectorsT group. The independents will meet the morning ofOctober 12 at the Tower Club.R. Frank Sinclair reported that the Community and JuniorCollege Section has only 65 individual members, making it one ofthe smallest sections. The section mailed a letter encouragingpersonnel who should be members to join and remindingcurrent members to renew. The section is sponsoring a jointprogram with the College and University Section. Jesse CarneySmith, Academic Librarian of 1988, will speak. The NominatingCommittee presented a slate of officers for the next biennium:�Chair, Susan Janney; Chair-Elect, Alice Wilkins; Secretary, SheilaCore; and Directors, Betty Williamson and David Stewart.The May 5 workshop sponsored by the Documents Sectionwas informative and successful according to Lauren Williams,Chair. A membership vote for adoption of the revision of theSectionTs Bylaws will be taken during the sectionTs businessmeeting. Donna Seymour, Ridley Kessler, Carol Lewis, and pairsof depository librarians and school library media specialists willpresent oDocuments in the Schools� on October 13. The NorthCarolina Depository System Board recommended to the StateLibrarian that three more libraries be designated as deposi-tories. Senate Bill 62, oState Publications Policy,� has gone toconference committee.The Junior Members Round Table continues to work ontheir conference program. There will be a pub crawl, and T-shirts will be made available according to Melanie Collins.The Round Table on Ethnic Minority Concerns (REMCo)gave information on the oRoadbuilders� award(s) which willrecognize an ethnic minority librarian who has served as apioneer in librarianship and as a positive role model for ethnicminority librarians.The repeated workshop, oImproving Staff Communica-tions,� offered by the North Carolina Library ParaprofessionalAssociation, was successful.The Round Table on Special CollectionsT conference agendaincludes a slate of officers for the membership to consider, aslide/lecture program by Don Etherington on oSome Answers toLibrary Preservation Problems,� and strategies for recruitingnew members.The North Carolina Association of School Librarians electedofficers for the 1989-91 biennium: Nona Pryor, Vice-chair/Chair-elect; Susan Cannady, Secretary; and Libby Pitts, Treasurer.Carol Southerland noted that corrections and additions weremade to Bylaws, Dr. Ben Carson, Superintendent of StatesvilleCity Schools, is the School Administrator of the Year, and Battleof the Books is a fall project for grades 6-8.The Public Library TrusteesT Conference on May 18 and 19featured Robert H. McNulty from Partners for Livable Places, TheHonorable Major Owens, Congressman from New York, Dr.Bernard Vavrek, Center for the Study of Rural Librarianship atNCLA MinutesClarion State University, and Gloria T. Glaser, Past President ofthe American Library Trustee Association. Irene Hairstonreminded the board that the Trustee Section is co-sponsoringthe preconference program, oMeeting the Censor: A SkillsDevelopment Workshop,� with the Intellectual Freedom Com-mittee. Information on the luncheon and other conferenceevents will be mailed.The Public Library Section helped sponsor the May 4General Assembly Legislative Day. The Audiovisual Committeehas nearly completed the AV Directory and Resource Guide.Workshops included the Bookmobile Conference, AV Equipmentand Repair, and Literacy. The Section endorsed formation of anNCLA Literacy Committee which will have a representative tothe Public Library Section.Barbara Anderson, reporting for the Reference and AdultServices, talked about the upcoming program, oLife in the FastLane: The Human Dynamics of Reference Service,� featuringKaye Gapen and Will Manley. Work on the RASS electronicbulletin board is progressing well, and the State Library agreed,via Charles Montouri, to provide training. Libraries participatingin the NCIN Network will have access to the electronicnewsletter.Harry Tuchmayer noted that Resources and TechnicalServices will issue three awards"a first conference attendee, amerit award to recognize a person who has contributedsignificantly to resources and technical services in NorthCarolina, and the Doralyn J. Hickey Award for a significantarticle in NCL on a subject related to resources and technicalservices. The section will sponsor cataloging workshops onOctober 11 and a program meeting on October 12.According to Patrice Ebert, chair of the Round Table on theStatus of Women in Librarianship, the board met in Ashevilleand discussed plans for the upcoming biennial meeting. Theywill sell pink MSMANAGEMENT notepads instead of T-shirts.Two more issues of MSMANAGEMENT will be published thisbiennium.Nancy Ray asked for identification of leaders in personneltraining and management, organizational structure, financialadministration, facilities, equipment, and public relations forthe Library Administration and Management Section. The Bylawswill be presented, and officers will be elected during the businessmeeting following Dr. Jerry Campbell, the keynote speaker.The Constitution, Codes, and Handbook Revision Com-mittee continues to work on information to be distributed to theincoming board. Doris Anne Bradley emphasized the need forconsistency in Bylaws and urged chairs to check with thecommittee when proposing changes. She reminded members ofthe importance of sending a copy, after voting, for inclusion inthe Handbook.Rebecca Taylor, Chair of the Finance Committee, gavedetails about Grant Funds. She confirmed that the total amountof Section Grants would not automatically transfer into theSection/Committee account. Check request procedures wereemphasized, and Taylor encouraged outgoing chairs to send abudget summary and a program evaluation to her by November13, Expenses, with supporting receipts, should be sent toNancyFogarty within 30 days of the date of the program.The Government Relations Committee held a breakfast inMay and has several things in the hopper.The Honorary and Life Membership Committee recom-mended 10 new life members and two honorary members. Thereport was accepted as presented by Chair Waltrene M. Canadaafter a motion was made by Barbara Baker and seconded by RayFrankle.Reporting for the Literacy Committee was Ruth Hoyle whosaid that no definite plans had been made to present a programin Charlotte because all energy had been directed toward theJune 8-9 conference attended by approximately 50 members.Evaluations indicated a successful conference aimed at allevia-Winter 1989"271

NCLA Minutesting adult illiteracy although no new solutions were found. Thecommittee felt that future conferences should be planned withthe Literacy Association as one conference instead of twoseparate conferences. The committee is pursuing the feasibilityof a library person in the NC Literacy Association Office, looking atstate funding of literacy, and seeking space in NCL for relatedissues.Art Weeks said that the Marketing and Public RelationsCommittee met in June and discussed marketing the librarianas a professional information specialist in order to instill a highlevel of confidence in the information the librarian provides, tohave potential library users think of the library as the first stopfor information, and to distinguish between the librarian andthe library support staff. At the Dallas meeting, the committeelearned that a report is due in October from SLA. The committeewill develop a marketing strategy based on the findings of SLA.In appointing a new committee for the next biennium, the pres-ent committee requests that a marketing/public relations spe-cialist be considered.Membership Committee chair Ray Frankle thanked newsection chairs for statements they provided for the newbrochure which will be ready for the conference.In the absence of the Nominating Committee Chair LelandPark, President Hansel gave election results: Vice-President/President-Elect, Janet L. Freeman; Treasurer, Michael J.LaCroix; Secretary, Amanda Bible; Directors, Sylvia Y. Sprinkle-Hamlin and H. David Harrington; and ALA Councilor, Patricia A.Langelier.The Publications Committee has not met, but the two-tieredNCL board refinement will be ready soon.The Recruitment Committee will sponsor a workshop onstrategies for recruitment and retention of minorities at theNCLA conference and hopes to publish a paper.President Hansel distributed the list of the 1989 scholarshipwinners. The Memorial Scholarships went to Jennifer Luxtonand Mary Mishler, the Query-Long Scholarship for Work withChildren or Young Adults went to Diane Midness, and GloriaMcBride was the recipient of the McLendon Loan.A sample entry for a special collection was shown by theTechnology and Trends Committee. The data base is aboutready, and a demonstration data base will be near theconference registration site. There will be a stand-alone videoteleconference on technology for the 90s at UNCC in January.John Welch, Assistant State Librarian, reported on changesin the LSCA fundings, that Dorothy Kittel is being replaced byTrish Skaptason as administrative librarian in the Departmentof Education, that the Chief of the Library Development Sectionposition has been posted, and that he and Patric Dorsey will begoing to Portland, Oregon, for a planning meeting for the nextWhite House Conference. Also, the State Library Dynix systemwill be operational soon.Friends of the Library met jointly with the Trustees in May.Bob Mowery is the president.It was moved by Barbara Baker and seconded by SylviaSprinkle-Hamlin to provide up to $20,000 for the establishmentof NCLATs permanent office at the State Library. The motioncarried.President Hansel praised committee/section chairs whohad already submitted biennial reports.The Distinguished Service Award had 10 nominationsaccording to committee chair Nancy Brenner. It was agreed thatthe name of the recipient would remain a secret until theconference.A motion to give the filing cabinet used by TreasurerFogarty for financial records to UNC-Greensboro was passed.Before adjourning, President Hansel announced theOctober 10 meeting prior to Conference.Gloria Miller, Secretary272"Winter 1989CONSTITUTIONof theNORTH CAROLINA LIBRARY ASSOCIATION(Revised October 30, 1987)(Amended October 13, 1989)ARTICLE I. NAMEThis organization shall be called the North Carolina LibraryAssociation.ARTICLE II. | PURPOSEThe purpose of the North Carolina Library Association shallbe to promote libraries, library and information services, andlibrarianship; and to champion intellectual freedom and literacyprograms.ARTICLE III. GOALSThe Association shall pursue the following goals:1. To provide a forum for discussing library-related issues;2. To promote research and publication related to libraryand information science;3. To provide opportunities for the professional growth oflibrary personnel;4. Tosupport both formal and informal networks of librariesand librarians;5. To identify and help resolve special concerns of minoritiesand women in the profession.ARTICLE IV. MEMBERSHIP1. Membership in the North Carolina Library Associationshall consist of five classes: individual membership, insti-tutional membership, contributing membership, honorarymembership, and life membership. Only individual andlife members shall have voting privileges.2. Individual. Any person who is or has been officially con-nected with any library in a professional, nonprofessional,or clerical capacity, or any member of a library's govern-ing or advisory body, or any student in a school of libraryscience, may upon payment of dues, be entitled to indi-vidual membership as stated by the Bylaws and will havethe right to vote.3. Institutional. Any institution may become an institutionalmember upon payment of dues.4. Contributing. Any individual, firm or organization may,upon payment of dues, be entitled to contributing mem-bership as stated in the Bylaws.5. Honorary. The Honorary and Life Membership Committeemay recommend to the Executive Board for honorary,non-voting membership non-librarians who have madeunusual contributions to library services. Such nomineesmay be elected by the Executive Board.6. Life. The Membership Committee may recommend to theExecutive Board for life membership, with voting privi-leges, persons who are no longer actively engaged inlibrary work. Such nominees may be elected by the Execu-tive Board.ARTICLE V. OFFICERSThe officers of the Association shall consist of a President; aVice-President, who shall be the President-elect; a Secretary; aTreasurer; and two Directors-at-large.

ARTICLE VI.bfARTICLE VII.3EXECUTIVE BOARDThe officers of the Association, the past President, therepresentative of the Association to the American LibraryAssociation Council, the North Carolina member of theExecutive Board of the Southeastern Library Association,the Editor of North Carolina Libraries, and the chairmanof each section and round table shall constitute the Exec-utive Board. A parliamentarian may be appointed by thePresident as a non-voting member.Members of the Executive Board shall serve until theirsuccessors take office.The President of the Association shall be the Chairman ofthe Executive Board.Powers and Duties. The Executive Board shall have thepower:a. Toconsider and develop plans for the general work ofthe Association;b. To appoint in case of a vacancy in any office a memberfrom the Association to fill the unexpired term untilthe next regular election;c. To transact the business of the Association within thelimits of a budget system.Business of the Association may also be transacted by theExecutive Board through correspondence, provided thatthe proposed action be submitted in writing by the Presi-dent to the members of the Executive Board, and that itbe approved by a quorum of the Board.The Executive Board shall act for the Association inintervals between meetings, make arrangements for thebiennial meeting, and authorize the organization of sec-tions or round tables by specialized interests within theAssociation.The Executive Board shall direct and provide for the pub-lications of the Association and may have power to con-tract for such publications as may seem desirable forfurthering the interests of the Association.Representatives to the North Carolina Public LibraryCertification Commission. The Executive Board shallnominate any individual who has been selected by thePublic Library Section to be named by the Governor toserve, with the chairman of the Public Library Section andthe chairman of the North Carolina Public Library Trus-tees Association, as a member of the Public Library Certi-fication Commission as required by the General Statutesof North Carolina (G.S. 143B-68).Quorum. A majority of the voting members of the Execu-tive Board shall constitute a quorum.FINANCESThe Executive Board shall approve all encumbrances(any claims on property) and expenditures of Associationfunds, but may delegate to the President authority toapprove encumbrances and expenditures.The Executive Board shall administer the business affairsof the Association, and it shall have power in the intervalsbetween meetings of the Association to act on all matterson which a majority of the members reach agreement.The finances of the Association shall be handled under abudget system.Funds shall be available to the President or his represen-tative toward attending meetings to represent the Associa-tion. These funds must be included in the budget andapproved by the Executive Board.Funds shall be available to the Executive Board to admin-ister the affairs of the Association.No officer, committee, or member of the Association shallreceive any funds or incur any expense for the Associa-NCLA Minutestion not provided for in the Constitution unless autho-rized in writing by the President; nor shall the Treasureror other authorized person make any payment except forexpenditures which have been so approved.ARTICLE VIII. AFFILIATIONS1.ARTICLE IX.aARTICLE X.1The North Carolina Library Association shall hold chap-ter membership in the American Library Association andshall elect a representative to the ALA Council as pro-vided in the ALA Constitution and Bylaws.The North Carolina Library Association shall be a contrib-uting member of the Southeastern Library Associationand shall elect its representative to the SELA ExecutiveBoard as provided in the Constitution of the SoutheasternLibrary Association.The Executive Board of the North Carolina Library Asso-ciation shall be empowered to enter into other affiliationsas deemed beneficial to the Association.SECTIONS AND ROUND TABLESSections and round tables of the Association may beorganized by application, signed by 100 voting members ofthe Association, and approved by the Executive Board.Each section shall represent a type of library or field ofactivity clearly distinct from that of other sections.A round table shall represent a field of librarianship notwithin the scope of any single section.The officers of the sections and round tables shall beelected by the membership for the section or round table.They shall be responsible for the program meetings andany other business of the section or round table.The President of the Association may appoint officers ifthe section or round table fails to elect officers.With the permission of the Executive Board, sections andround tables may charge fees for their purposes. Fundsreceived will be earmarked and used at the discretion ofthe officers of the section or round table.The Executive Board may discontinue a section or roundtable when in its opinion the usefulness of that section orround table has ceased, except that in the case of a sec-tion or round table that is still active the affirmative voteof a majority of members is required prior to the Execu-tive Board's action.COMMITTEESThe President, with the advice of the Executive Board,shall appoint committee chairmen and suggest othermembers except as otherwise provided. The Presidentshall be an ex officio member of each committee with theexception of the Committee on Nominations.Standing Committees. The Executive Board may establishstanding committees to perform the continuing functionsof the Association.a. Standing committees shall include the following:Archives CommitteeConference CommitteeConstitution, Codes, and Handbook RevisionCommitteeFinance CommitteeGovernmental Relations CommitteeIntellectual Freedom CommitteeMembership CommitteePublications CommitteeScholarships Committeeb. Standing committees shall report to the ExecutiveBoard.Winter 1989"273

NCLA Minutes3.ARTICLE XI.itsARTICLE XII.ieSpecial Committees. Special committees for specific pur-poses may be appointed at any time.a. The Committee on Nominations, to be appointed bythe President each biennium, shall be considered aspecial committee.b. Special committees shall function until their purposeshave been fulfilled.MEETINGSThere shall be a biennial meeting of the Association atsuch place and time as shall have been decided upon bythe Executive Board.Special meetings of the Association may be called by thePresident, by a quorum of the Executive Board, or onrequest of 50 members of the Association.At least 30 daysT notice shall be given for special meetings,and only business mentioned in the call shall be trans-acted.Meetings of the Executive Board shall be held upon thecall of the President, or at the request of a quorum of themembers of the Executive Board.There shall be a minimum of four meetings of the Execu-tive Board during the biennium.Quorum. One hundred voting members, representing atleast 10 institutions, shall constitute a quorum of theNorth Carolina Library Association.AMENDMENTSAmendments to the Constitution may be voted on onlywhen a quorum of the Association is present, and shallrequire a two-thirds vote of the members present.Notice of the proposed changes in the Constitution shallbe mailed to the membership at least 30 days prior to themeeting at which a vote is to be taken on the proposedchanges.274"Winter 1989BYLAWSof theNORTH CAROLINA LIBRARY ASSOCIATIONARTICLE I.1.EsDs12.13.(Revised October 30, 1987)ELECTIONSThe President, with the approval of the ExecutiveBoard, shall appointT a Committee on Nominations,which shall include representatives of the varioustypes of libraries in the North Carolina LibraryAssociation, insofar as is practical.Officers. The Committee on Nominations shall present,by November | of the year preceding the election, thenames of two candidates for each office to be filled:Vice-President, Secretary, Treasurer (every four years)and two Directors-at-large. In case the previouslyelected Vice-President is unable to assume the presi-dency, the Committee on Nominations shall presentthe names of two candidates for the office of President.American Library Association Council Member. TheNCLA representative to the ALA Council shall beelected for a four-year term as provided in the ALAConstitution and Bylaws. The Committee on Nomina-tions shall present for this office the names of twocandidates who are members of ALA and shall send tothe American Library Association the name of the dulyelected representative.Southeastern Library Association Executive BoardMember. The NCLA member of the SoutheasternLibrary Association Executive Board shall be electedfor a four-year term as provided in the Constitution ofthe Southeastern Library Association. The Committeeon Nominations shall present for this office the namesof two candidates who are members of SELA and shallsend to the Southeastern Library Association thename of the duly elected representative.The list of nominees shall be published in North Caro-lina Libraries.Any member wishing to be placed on the ballot for anyoffice shall obtain a minimum of fifty signatures ofNCLA members and submit them to the Chairman ofthe Committee on Nominations by April 1 of the yearof election. The Treasurer will verify the fiftysignatures and notify the member that he will beplaced on the ballot.Consent of nominees shall be obtained.A ballot containing spaces for write-in candidates shallbe mailed to voting members of the Association byMay 1 prior to the biennial meeting.Ballots shall be marked and returned by June 1.Candidates receiving the majority of votes shall bedeclared elected and shall take office at the close ofthe biennial meeting.In case of a tie vote the successful candidate shall bedetermined by lot.Election results shall be announced in North CarolinaLibraries.The term of office of all officers except the Treasurershall commence at the adjournment of the biennialmeeting following their election, or if the biennialmeeting cannot be held, upon their election. The termof office of the Treasurer shall commence at the end ofthe fiscal year following his election.

ARTICLE II.iARTICLE III.iDUTIES OF OFFICERSPresident. The President shall preside at all meetings ofthe Association and of the Executive Board. He shall, withthe advice of the Executive Board, appoint the Editor ofNorth Carolina Libraries and all committee chairmenand suggest other committee members. Committees shallbe appointed for special purposes and shall serve untilthe purposes are achieved. The President may executemortgages, bonds, contracts, or other instruments whichthe Executive Board has authorized to be executed,except in cases where the signing and execution thereofshall be expressly delegated by the Executive Board or bythe Constitution, Bylaws, or by statute, to some otherofficer or agent of the Association. In general he shallperform all duties as may be prescribed by the ExecutiveBoard. The President is an ex officio member of allcommittees except the Committee on Nominations.Vice-President/President-Elect. The Vice-President servesas President-elect and presides in the absence of thePresident. If it becomes necessary for the Vice-Presidentto complete the unexpired term of the President, he shallalso serve his own term as President. In the event of theVice-President becoming President during the unexpiredterm of the elected President, the Executive Board shallappoint a Vice-President to serve until the next regularelection is held.Secretary. The Secretary shall keep a record of themeetings of the Executive Board, the biennial meetings,and any special meetings of the Association. TheSecretary shall be responsible for receipt of and deposit inthe Association archives all correspondence, records, andarchives not needed for current use. In case of a vacancy,the Executive Board shall appoint a Secretary to serveuntil the next regular election is held.Treasurer. The Treasurer shall assist in the preparationof the budget and keep whatever records of theAssociation the President and the Executive Board deemnecessary. He will collect and disburse all funds of theAssociation under the instructions of the ExecutiveBoard and keep regular accounts, which at all times shallbe open to the inspection of all members of the ExecutiveBoard. He shall handle and keep all membership records.He shall execute a bond in such sum as shall be set by theExecutive Board, the cost to be paid by the Association.He shall serve as a member of the Finance Committee. Heshall perform such other duties and functions as may beprescribed by the Executive Board. The term of officeshall be four years. In case of a vacancy, the ExecutiveBoard shall appoint a Treasurer to serve until the nextregular election is held.Directors-at-large. The Directors shall serve as co-chairmen of the Membership Committee and shall assumesuch other duties as are assigned by the President. In caseof a vacancy, the Executive Board shall appoint a Directorto serve until the next regular election is held.MEMBERSHIPDues shall be collected on a biennial basis according to aschedule recommended by the Executive Board. Cate-gories of membership shall include individual, insti-tutional, contributing, honorary, and life. Honorary andlife members are not assessed dues.Each member is entitled to the choice of one section orround table at no additional cost.Association members may be members of more than onesection or round table by paying additional dues for eachadditional section or round table.ARTICLE IV.heARTICLE V.1ARTICLE VI.NCLA ConstitutionThe fiscal year and the membership year shall be thecalendar year.Members whose dues are in arrears after April 1 of thelast year of the biennium shall be dropped from themembership roll.New memberships paid during the last quarter of thefiscal year shall be credited to the following year.Publications. All members of the North Carolina LibraryAssociation shall receive the official periodical publica-tion of the Association and any other publications thatmay be so designated. Subscriptions to North CarolinaLibraries and single issues are available to non-membersat a rate recommended by the Editorial Board andapproved by the Executive Board.No changes in the dues structure or policies regardingmembership shall be made without approval of themembership by a mail vote. A majority of the votes castshall be required to make any such change. The ExecutiveBoard or the membership at any duly constituted meetingmay initiate such procedure.SECTIONS AND ROUND TABLESSections and round tables must secure the approval ofthe Executive Board before making any declaration ofpolicy which involves the Association as a whole, beforesoliciting or receiving funds, or before incurring anyexpense on behalf of the Association.The secretaries of the sections and round tables shallsubmit copies of their important papers and reports tothe Assocation archives located in the North CarolinaState Library.Sections and round tables shall adopt Bylaws which meetthe approval of the Executive Board of the Association.The chairmen of the sections and round tables shallsubmit all bills to the Treasurer for payment from theirallocated funds. Bills in excess of allocated funds musthave the prior approval of the Executive Board.AMENDMENTSAmendments to the Bylaws may be voted on only when aquorum is present and shall receive a majority vote of themembers present.Notice of the proposed change in the Bylaws shall bemailed to the membership at least 30 days prior to themeeting at which a vote is taken on the proposed change.PARLIAMENTARY AUTHORITYThe latest edition of RobertTs Rules of Order, NewlyRevised, shall be the governing authority in any matter notspecifically covered by this Constitution and Bylaws. _ a\Winter 1989"275

SELA OUTSTANDING LIBRARYPROGRAM AWARDSNOMINATION FORMPurpose: To recognize an outstanding program of service in any academic, public,school or special library in any state of the SELA.Criteria1. Any academic, public, school or special library in the member states of the SELA may be cited for anoutstanding program of service. Programs of service may include but are not limited to library activities,projects or programs.2. The programs of service must take place during the biennium in which the nomination is made.3. The minimum time span for a nominated library program must not be less than three months, including thedevelopment and evaluation stages of the program.4. Person nominating a program must be a member of SELA.Past WinnersoIberia ParishT Summer Reading Program,� Iberia Parish Library, New Iberia LA. (1988)oThe Imaginative Spirit: Charlotte- Mecklenburg Library Heritage,� Charlotte- Mecklenburg Public Library, Char-lotte, NC. (1986) was a floating exhibit used at all branches in the library system.oThe Tobie Grant Homework Center,T Dekalb Library System, Decatur, GA. (1984) was the result of a branchrenovation from the traditional library concept to one that fit the needs of the community; it became a home-work headquarters library with education resources and equipment chosen specifically for this purpose.oLibrary Network Committee,� Fairfax, VA. (1982) an in-service training program for paraprofessional libraryemployees and volunteers of the member libraries of the Networking Committee of the Consortium for Continu-ing Higher Education in Northern Virginia.oCatch Them in the Cradle,� Orlando Public Library, Orlando, FL (1980) was a program aimed at parents-to-beand parents of newborns and infants consisting of both workshops and pamphlets delivered to hospitalmaternity wards which recommend books for small children and their parents and other services and activitiesfor both groups.Submit nominations to Outstanding Library Program Awards Committee Chairperson by April 1, 1990: JeanneMoellendick, Department of Education, Bldg. 6, Room B318, 1900 Kanawha, Charleston, VW 25305Category (type of library):Name of Library:Address:Telephone No.:Name and position of Program/Project Director:Date Program Began:Date Program completed (or ongoing):Attach the following information (items 1-3) limited to more than 3 pages:1. Description of Program2. Goals of Program and steps taken to achieve them3. Special contribution of Program/Project4. Attach supporting documents concerning program publicity (newspaper clippings, brochures, pictures, etc.)276"Winter 1989

Academic Libraries.Ezzell, Joline R. From the CaymanIslands to Washington: Developmentin Academic Libraries. 38-42About the Authors (Biographical Infor-mation). 67, 131, 202AIDS and Teenagers: Do Librarians Havea Responsibility? (conference pro-gram). 211-212Aladdin.Easley, Patti, and Summerville, Lo-venia. Unfolding the Mysteries ofAladdin: the Impact of an IntegratedOnline System on Catalog Opera-tions. 174-179Alcorn, Lualga P.Receives Life Membership. 222Alford, Larry P. Foreword. 4-5American Library Association.ALA Representative Report, 1/89. 66Anderson, Barbara. Reference and AdultServices Section Biennial Report. 268-269Anthony, Robert, comp. North CarolinaBooks. 52-56, 124-128, 192-198, 255-263The Architectural Heritage of Greenville,North Carolina, by Michael Cotter, ed.Book Review. 127Automated Reference Service: PressingF1 for Help, by Donna Cornick. 145-150Automating the Reference Department:A Goal Oriented Approach, by Johan-nah Sherrer. 151-153Automation.Bland, Robert N. Evaluating the Per-formance of the Online Public AccessCatalog: A Redefinition of Basic Mea-sures. 168-173Brown, Ricki Val. Smart Barcodes: AWise Decision. 180, 182Cornick, Donna. Automated ReferenceService: Pressing F1 for Help. 145-150Easley, Patti, and Summerville, Love-nia. Unfolding the Mysteries of Alad-din: the Impact of an IntegratedOnline System on Catalog Opera-tions. 174-179Folda, Linda. Staff Education in Auto-mation through Vendor Demonstra-tions. 163-167Gaddis, Dale. Automation of the PublicLibrary: Cost Implications for the~Library Budget. 26-32Index toNorth Carolina LibrariesVolume 47, 1989Compiled by Lisa K. DaltonKolb, Marcia L. Moving to the NextOnline System: Points to Consider.186-189Owen, Willy. The Triangle ResearchLibraries Network: A History andPhilosophy. 43-51.Sherrer, Johannah. Automating theReference Department: A Goal Or-iented Approach. 151-153Stahl, Bil. Libraries and Technology:Forging New Frontiers or Lost in theWilderness? 139-144Tuchmayer, Harry. Dumb Barcodes:The Smart Way to Go! 181, 184-185Automation of the Public Library: CostImplications for the Library Budget, byDale Gaddis. 26-32Awards.NCLA Conference Awards, 222-226Baker, Barbara.From the President. 207-209Makes presentation to Patsy Hansel(pic.). 208Baker, Barbara. So You Have to Plan aConference ... 247-249Ballance, Alton. Ocracokers. Book Reviewby Cheryl W. McLean. 258-259Barcodes.Brown, Ricki Val. Smart Barcodes: AWise Decision. 180, 182Tuchmayer, Harry. Dumb Barcodes:The Smart Way to Go! 181, 184-185Bartlett, Marie E. Trooper Down! Life andDeath on the Highway Patrol. BookReview by Dorothy Davis. 54-55Beaty, Mary D. A History of Davidson Col-lege. Book Review by Robin Brabham.193-194Being a Boy, by Paxton Davis. BookReview by Randy Penninger. 195-196Believe Me, Conferences Are Worth theEffort! by Beverly Tetterton. 250, 252Belk: A Century of Retail Leadership, byHoward E. Covington. Book Review byMargaret Jackson. 126Ben, Philip L., ed. Tar Heel Tradition: 100Years of Sports at Carolina. BookReview. 198Berman, Sanford (pic.). 218Be Serious, They're Such a Hassle!, byMichael Cotter. 251-252Best, Priscilla R.Candidate, NCASL Director (atlarge) (pic.). 63Bible, Amanda R.Candidate, NCLA Secretary (pic.). 58Bibliographic Information System(BIS).Owen, Willy. The Triangle Research Li-braries Network: A History and Phi-losophy. 43-51.Bibliographies.Moore, Catherine. Video in the PublicLibrary. 73-89Myers, Carol. Planning for a BranchLibrary: An Annotated Bibliography.98-101What Was on That Telephone Refer-ence Carrousel at PLCM? 243-245Biggs, Walter C., Jr., and Parnell, James F.State Parks of North Carolina. BookReview by Mike Shoop. 261-262Biographical Dictionary of Famous TarHeels, by Richard Cooper, ed. BookReview. 197Birdsall, Clair M. The United StatesBranch Mint at Charlotte, North Caro-lina: Its History and Coinage. BookReview. 56BIS. See Bibliographic Information Sys-tem.Bivins, John, Jr. The Furniture of CoastalNorth Carolina, 1700-1820. Book Re-view by R. Neil Fulgham. 125Bivins, John Jr. Longrifles in North Caro-lina. Book Review. 197-198BlackbeardTs Cup and Stories of theOuter Banks, by Charles Harry Whed-bee. Book Review by Kathryn L.Bridges. 197Bland, Robert N. Evaluating the Perfor-mance of the Online Public AccessCatalog: A Redefinition of Basic Mea-sures. 168-173Blount, Roy.Presents keynote address at NCLABiennial Conference (pic.). 220Book Reviews.Anthony, Robert, comp. North CarolinaBooks. 52-56. 124-128, 192-198, 255-263Boone, Louise.Receives Life Membership (pic.). 222Brabham, Robin. See A History of David-son College.Bradburn, Frances Bryant. See A Virtu-ous Woman.Winter 1989"277

IndexBranch Libraries.Myers, Carol. Planning for a BranchLibrary; An Annotated Bibliography.98-101Branch Libraries: When and Where toBuild Them. Public Library SectionDevelopment Committee (conferenceprogram). 215Brawner, Lee (pic.). 215Bridges, Kathryn L. See BlackbeardTs Cupand Stories of the Outer Banks.Bridgman, William B. (Bill).Candidate, NCLA Treasurer (pic.). 58Briles, Edith B.Receives Life Membership (pic.). 222Bring on the Best. . . YA Materials. PublicLibrary Section/Young Adult Commit-tee (conference program). 215Broadfoot, Tom. Old and Rare Books: APractical Approach for Librarians. 239-242Brown, Ricki Val. Smart Barcodes: A WiseDecision. 180, 182Budgeting.Byrd, Gary D. Financial Implications ofStrategic Planning. 6-10Gaddis, Dale. Automation of the PublicLibrary: Cost Implications for theLibrary Budget. 26-32Ivins, October. How to Manage theSerials Budget in TodayTs Climate.33-37Burgin, Robert. See Collins, Melanie H.Bushwhackers! The Civil War in NorthCarolina, Vol. II: The Mountains. BookReview by Eric J. Olson. 262-263Bylaws.Constitution of the North CarolinaLibrary Association. 272-275Byrd, Gary D. Financial Implications ofStrategic Planning. 6-10Caddell, Nelda G.Candidate, NCLA ALA Representative(pic.). 60Cadieu, Betsy. Letters to the Editor. 71Cain, Barbara. See North Carolinathrough Four Centuries.Cain, Melissa. See Clear Pictures: FirstLoves, First Guides.Caledonia: From Antebellum Plantation,1713-1892, to State Prison and Farm,1892-1988, by W. Alfred Cooke. BookReview. 198Campbell, Dorothy W.Receives Life Membership (pic.). 222Campbell, Jerry D. Management Style: AtLeast Once Ride a Wild Horse into theSun (pic.). 234-238Candidates for NCASL Offices for the1989-1991 Biennium; NCASI Nominat-ing Committee Report. 61-64278"Winter 1989Candidates for the NCLA Offices for the1989-1991 Biennium; NCLA Nominat-ing Committee Report. 57-60Cannady, Susan S.Candidate, NCASL Secretary (pic). 62Caster, Lillie D.Receives Life Membership (pic.). 223CAT Tales. Resources and Technical Ser-vices Section (conference program).212-213CD-ROM Databases.Cornick, Donna. Automated ReferenceService: Pressing F1 for Help. 145-150Chavis, Geneva B. Round Table on Ethnicand Minority Concerns Biennial Report.269The Cherokee, by Theda Perdue. BookReview by Sarah Stubbs. 196-197ChildrenTs Services.Freedman, Barbara. The Developmentof ChildrenTs Programming Guide-lines: Our Experience. 115-118Proseus, Linda S. Elementary Students,Reading Achievement, and the PublicLibrary. 111-114Clear Pictures: First Loves, First Guides,by Reynolds Price. Book Review byMelissa Cain. 192-193Collins, Melanie H., and Burgin, Robert.The Effects of a New Main Library onCirculation and Other Selected Per-formance Indicators. 90-97Colonial Records of North Carolina[Second Series], Vol. Eight. Records ofthe Executive Council, 1735-1754. BookReview. 55The Community College System in NorthCarolina: A Silver Anniversary History,1963-1988, by Jon Lee Wiggs. BookReview by Beverly Gass. 256Computer Skills.Lewis, Carol G. Teaching ComputerSkills in the Public Schools of NorthCarolina: Moving from Who to How.155-157Conferences.Baker, Barbara. So You Have to Plan aConference. . . 247-249Cotter, Michael. Be Serious, They'reSuch a Hassle! 251-252Tetterton, Beverly. Believe Me, Confer-ences Are Worth the Effort! 250, 252Constitution of the North Carolina Li-brary Association. 272-275Cooke, W. Alfred. Caledonia: From Ante-bellum Plantation, 1713-1892, to StatePrison and Farm, 1892-1988. BookReview. 198Cooper, Richard, ed. Biographical Dic-tionary of Famous Tar Heels. BookReview. 197Cornick, Donna. Automated ReferenceService: Pressing F1 for Help. 145-150Cotten, Jerry. See A North Carolina Post-card Album. 1905-1925.Cotter, Michael. Be Serious, TheyTre Sucha Hassle! 251-252Cotter, Michael, ed. The ArchitecturalHeritage of Greenville, North Carolina.Book Review. 127Coulter, Della. See Mountain Voices: ALegacy of the Blue Ridge and GreatSmokies.The Courthouses of North Carolina andTales that Whisper in the Stone, byCharles Heatherly. Book Review. 56Covington, Howard E., Jr. Belk: A Centuryof Retail Leadership. Book Review byMargaret Jackson. 126Coward, Betty Rand.Candidate, NCASL Director (MountainArea) (pic.). 63Crabtree, Clara J.Receives Life Membership (pic.). 223Crutchfield, James A. ed. The NorthCarolina Almanac and Book of Facts,1989-1990. Book Review by Anna Don-nally. 192Cumberland County Public Library andInformation Center.Freedman, Barbara. The Developmentof ChildrenTs Programming Guide-lines: Our Experience. 115-118Curing the Cross-Eyed Mule: Appalach-ian Mountain Humor, by Loyal Jonesand Billy Edd Wheeler, comps. BookReview. 198Davis, Dorothy. See Trooper Down! Lifeand Death on the Highway Patrol.Davis, Jinnie Y. Library Research in NorthCarolina. 253, 252Davis, Jinnie Y. Research in North Carol-ina Librarianship. 191Davis, Martha E.Candidate, NCASL AASL Affiliate As-sembly Delegate (pic.). 64Davis, Paxton. Being a Boy. Book Reviewby Randy Penninger. 195-196Decision Support Systems.Ulmschneider, John E. ManagementInformation Systems and ChangingTechnologies in Libraries. 12-20Developing Partnerships: Implications forLibrary Systems. NCLA Public LibrariesTrustees Section (conference pro-gram). 216The Development of ChildrenTs Program-ming Guidelines: Our Experience, byBarbara Freedman. 115-118Donnally, Anna. See The North CarolinaAlmanac and Books of Facts, 1989-1990.Dorph.Promotes JMRT membership (pic.).245

Dumb Barcodes: The Smart Way to Go! byHarry Tuchmayer. 181, 184-185Dunn, Elizabeth Bramm. See Early fromthe Dance.Dykeman, Wilma. The Tall Woman. BookReview by Diane Kessler. 256-258Dykeman, Wilma. The Far Family. BookReview by Diane Kessler. 256-258Early from the Dance, by David Payne.Book Review by Elizabeth BrammDunn. 260-261Ebert, Patrice. Round Table on the Statusof Women in Librarianship BiennialReport. 269-270Easley, Patti, and Summerville, Lovenia.Unfolding the mysteries of Aladdin: theImpact of an Integrated Online Systemon Catalog Operations. 174-179The Effects of a New Main Library on Cir-culation and Other Selected Perfor-mance Indicators, by Melanie H. Collinsand Robert Burgin, 90-97Ehle, John. Trail of Tears: The Rise andFall of the Cherokee Nation. BookReview by Michael Hill. 55Elections.Candidates for NCASL Offices for the1989-1991 Biennium; NCASL Nomi-nating Committee Report. 61-64Candidates for NCLA Offices for the1989-1991 Biennium; NCLA Nomi-nating Committee Report. 57-60Electronic Spreadsheets.Schneider, D.W., and Seay, Catherine.Use of Microcomputers for LibraryFinancial Planning. 21-24Elementary Students, Reading Achieve-ment, and the Public Library, by LindaS. Proseus. 111-114Elkins, Anne-Marie.Receives 1989 North Carolina LibraryAssociation and SIRS IntellectualFreedom Award (pic.). 226Ennis, Mark.Promotes JMRT membership (pic.).245Enos, Rosemary.Candidate, NCASL Director (at large)(pic.). 63Evaluating the Performance of the OnlinePublic Access Catalog: A Redefinitionof Basic Measures, by Robert N. Bland.168-173Everything about Cataloging that YouProbably Did Not Learn in LibrarySchool. Resources and Technical Servi-ces Section (conference program). 218Ezzell, Joline.Genealogy/Local History Committeeand Joline Ezzell Win North Carolina~Libraries Awards. 226Ezzell, Joline R. From the Cayman Islandsto Washington: Development in Aca-demic Libraries. 38-42Facilities.Collins, Melanie H., and Burgin,Robert. The Effects of a New MainLibrary on Circulation and OtherSelected Performance Indicators. 90-97Myers, Carol. Planning for a BranchLibrary: An Annotated Bibliography.98-101The Far Family, by Wilma Dykeman. BookReview by Diane Kessler. 256-258Federal WritersT Project (N.C.), comp.North Carolina: The WPA Guide tothe Old North State. Book Review byPatricia A. Rogers. 124Fergusson, David G. Public Library Sec-tion Biennial Report. 267-268Financial Implications of Strategic Plan-ning, by Gary D. Byrd. 6-10Financial Issues in Librarianship.Byrd, Gary D. Financial Implications ofStrategic Planning. 6-10Ezzell, Joline R. From the CaymanIslands to Washington: Developmentin Academic Libraries. 38-42Gaddis, Dale. Automation of the PublicLibrary: Cost Implications for theLibrary Budget. 26-32Ivins, October. How to Manage theSerials Budget in Today's Climate.33-37Schneider, D.W., and Seay, Catherine.Use of Microcomputers for LibraryFinancial Planning. 21-24Theme issue. Spring 1989, 1-68Ulmschneider, John E. ManagementInformation Systems and ChangingTechnologies in Libraries. 12-20Financial Management.Byrd, Gary D. Financial Implications ofStrategic Planning. 6-10Schneider, D.W., and Seay, Catherine.Use of Microcomputers for LibraryFinancial Planning. 21-24Ulmschneider, John E. ManagementInformation Systems and ChangingTechnologies in Libraries. 12-20Fogarty, Nancy.Receives gift from NCLA (pic.). 209Folda, Linda. Staff Education in Automa-tion through Vendor Demonstrations.163-167Foreword. By Larry P. Alford, 4-5. ByRobert Russell, 72. By April Wreath,136-137Fowler, Lynda B. See Kessler, Diane.Freedman, Barbara. The Development ofChildrenTs Programming Guidelines:Our Experience. 115-118IndexFreeman, Janet L.Candidate, NCLA Vice President (pic.).57Friends"History"Conservation. Friendsof North Carolina Public Libraries(conference program). 221Friends of North Carolina PublicLibraries.Friends"History"Conservation.Friends of North Carolina PublicLibraries (conference program). 221From the Cayman Islands to Washington:Development in Academic Libraries, byJoline R. Ezzell. 38-42From the President. 2, 135, 207-209Fulgham, R. Neil. See The Furniture ofCoastal North Carolina, 1700-1820.Fundraising.Ezzell, Joline R. From the CaymanIslands to Washington: Developmentin Academic Libraries. 38-42The Furniture of Coastal North Carolina,1700-1820, by John Bivins, Jr. Bookreview by R. Neil Fulgham. 125Future of Librarianship.Smith, Jessie Carney. Twentieth-Cen-tury Perspectives for Librarians andLibrarianship. 227-233Stahl, Bil. Libraries and Technology:Forging New Frontiers or Lost in theWilderness? 139-144Gaddis, Dale. Automation of the PublicLibrary: Cost Implications for the Li-brary Budget. 26-32Garrison, Webb. A Treasury of CarolinaTales. Book Review. 127Gass, Alice Beverly.Candidate, NCLA Secretary (pic.). 58Gass, Beverly. See The Community Col-lege System in North Carolina: A SilverAnniversary History, 1963-1988.Genealogy/Local History Committee andJoline Ezzell Win North Carolina Li-braries Awards. 226Gibbons, Kaye. A Virtuous Woman. BookReview by Frances Bryant Bradburn.194Hairston, Irene P. Public Library TrusteeSection Biennial Report. 268Hancock, Joel G. Strengthened by theStorm: The Coming of the Mormons toHarkers Island, North Carolina, 1897-1909. Book Review. 56Hansel, Patsy J.Cuts ribbon to 1989 conference exhib-its (pic.). 213Receives award for encouragement ofminority participation (pic.). 217Receives token of NCLA appreciationfrom Barbara Baker (pic.). 208Hansel, Patsy J. From the President. 2,135Winter 1989"279

IndexHarrington, David.Candidate, NCLA Director (pic.). 59Heatherly, Charles. The Courthouses ofNorth Carolina and Tales that Whisperin the Stone. Book Review. 56High Point Public Library.Moore, Catherine. Video in the PublicLibrary. 73-89, (pic.), 77Hill, Michael. See The Rise and Fall of theCherokee Nation.A History of Davidson College, by Mary D.Beaty. Book Review by Robin Brabham.193-194How to Have a ~KnowsT for News. LibraryResources Committee (conference pro-gram). 220How to Manage the Serials Budget inToday's Climate, by October Ivins. 33-87Hunter, Rhonda. Junior Members RoundTable Biennial Report. 266Implementation of Information Power.NCASL (conference program). 215-216I Work in a Library, But I'm Not a Li-brarian. North Carolina Library Para-professional Association (conferenceprogram). 212Ivins, October. How to Manage the SerialsBudget in Today's Climate. 33-37Jackson, Margaret. See Belk: A Century ofRetail Leadership.Jarrell, James R.Candidate, NCLA Director (pic.). 59Johnson, Gladys.Receives Life Membership. 223Johnson, Marion Middleton.Receives Life Membership (pic.). 223Jones, H.G. See Making a Difference inNorth Carolina.Jones, Loyal, and Wheeler, Billy Edd,comps. Curing the Cross-Eyed Mule:Appalachian Mountain Humor. BookReview. 198The Journey Home: Dorothy Spruill Red-ford and the Somerset Experience.Public Library Section/Local History &Genealogy Committee (conference pro-gram). 213-214Keresey, Gayle.Candidate, NCASL Vice-Chair/Chair-Elect (pic.). 61Kessler, Diane, and Fowler, Lynda B.Where Do We Go from Here? OneSchool SystemTs Look at Past, Presentand Future Uses of Technology. 158-161Kessler, Diane, See The Tall Woman.Kolb, Marcia L. Moving to the Next OnlineSystem: Points to Consider. 186-189Lacroix, Michael J.Candidate, NCLA Treasurer (pic.). 59280"Winter 1989LAMS. See North Carolina Library Asso-ciation. Library Administration andManagement Section.The Land of Waterfalls: TransylvaniaCounty, North Carolina, by Jim BobTinsley. Book Review. 127Lanier, Gene D. Intellectual FreedomCommittee Biennial Report. 265-266Laney, Elizabeth J. See North CarolinaTraveler: A VacationerTs Guide to theMountains, Piedmont and Coast.Langelier, Patricia A.Candidate, NCLA ALA Representative(pic.). 60Letters to the Editor. 3, 71Lewis, Carol G. Teaching Computer Skillsin the Public Schools of North Carolina:Moving from Who to How. 155-157Libraries and Technology: Forging NewFrontiers or Lost in the Wilderness? byBil Stahl. 139-144Libraries: Designing for the 90s; NorthCarolina Library Association BiennialConference, Charlotte, North Carolina,October 11-13, 1989. 211-221Libraries, Librarianship and the 1990s:The Academic Perspective. College andUniversity Section (conference pro-gram). 216Library Development.Ezzell, Joline R. From the CaymanIslands to Washington: Developmentin Academic Libraries, 38-42Library Research in North Carolina, byJinnie Y. Davis, ed. 253, 252Life in the Fast Lane: A View from theTop. Reference and Adult ServicesSection (conference program). 214-215Littleton, I.T.Receives Life Membership (pic.). 224Longrifles in North Carolina, by John Biv-ins, Jr. Book Review. 197-198McLean, Cheryl W. See Ocracokers.Making a Difference in North Carolina, byHugh M. Morton and Edward L. Ran-kin. Book Review by H.G. Jones. 53-54Making Contact: North Carolina Writersand Libraries. North Carolina Wri-ters Network (conference program).220Malone, E.T., Jr. The View from Wrights-ville Beach. Book Review. 127Management Information Systems andChanging Technologies in Libraries,by John E. Ulmschneider. 12-20Management Style: At Least Once Ride aWild Horse into the Sun, by Jerry D.Campbell. (pic.). 234-238Massengill, Stephen E., and Topkins,Robert M. A North Carolina PostcardAlbum. 1905-1925. Book Review byJerry Cotten. 52Microcomputers.Kessler, Diane, and Fowler, Lynda B.Where Do We Go from Here? OneSchool SystemTs Look at Past, Pres-ent and Future Uses of Technology.158-161Schneider, D.W., and Seay, Catherine.Use of Microcomputers for Libra;ryFinancial Planning. 21-24Moore, Catherine. Video in the PublicLibrary. 73-89Moore, Warren. Mountain Voices: ALegacy of the Blue Ridge and GreatSmokies. Book Review by Della Coulter.194-195Morton, Hugh M., and Rankin, Edward L.,Jr. Making a Difference in North Caro-lina. Book Review by H.G. Jones. 53-54Mountain Ghost Stories and CuriousTales of Western Carolina, by RandyRussell and Janet Barnett. Book Re-view. 56Mountain Voices: A Legacy of the BlueRidge and Great Smokies, by WarrenMoore. Book Review by Della Coulter.194-195Moving to the Next Online System: Pointsto Consider, by Marcia L. Kolb. 186-189Murder in the Carolinas, by Nancy Rhyne.Book Review. 56Myers, Carol. Planning for a BranchLibrary: An Annotated Bibliography.98-101Myrick, Pauline F.Receives Life Membership (pic.). 224Naumoff, Laurence. The Night of theWeeping Women. Book Review by SamShapiro. 53NCLA Conference Awards. 222-226NCLA Conference Planning Committee(pic.). 248NCLA Minutes. See North Carolina Li-brary Association. Executive Board.Minutes.NCLA Section and Round Table BiennialReports, 1987-1989. 264-270.NCLA Table Talks (conference program).211Nelms, Willie.Candidate, NCLA Director (pic.). 60 .The Night of the Weeping Women, byLaurence Naumoff. Book Review bySam Shapiro. 53North Carolina: A History, by William S.Powell. Book Review. 56The North Carolina Almanac and Book ofFacts, 1989-1990, by James A. Crutch-field. Book Review by Anna Donnally.192oNorth Carolina Bibliography, 1987-1988,�North Carolina Historical Review. BookReview. 128North Carolina Books, comp. by RobertAnthony. 52-56, 124-128, 192-198, 255-263

North Carolina Library Association.American Library Association Repre-sentative Report, 1/89. 66Candidates for the 1989-1991 Bien-nium; NCLA Nominating CommitteeReport. 57-60Constitution of the North CarolinaLibrary Association. 272-275Executive Board. Minutes. 10/21/88,66; 1/27/89, 129-130; 4/28/89, 199-201; 7/28/89, 270-272Executive Board, 1987-1989 (pic.). 209Library Administration and Manage-ment Section Formed. 128, 173NCLA Section and Round Table Bien-nial Reports, 1987-1989. 264-270.SELA Representative Report, 1/25/89.66North Carolina Library Association.Biennial Conference, 1989.AIDS and Teenagers: Do LibrariansHave a Responsibility? (conferenceprogram). 211-212Branch Libraries: When and Where toBuild Them. Public Library SectionDevelopment Committee (conferenceprogram). 215Bring on the Best . .. YA Materials. Pub-lic Library Section/Young Adult Com-mittee (conference program). 215Broadfoot, Tom. Old and Rare Books: APractical Approach for Librarians.239-242Campbell, Jerry D. Management Style:At Least Once Ride a Wild Horse intothe Sun (pic.). 234-238Cotter, Michael. Be Serious, They'reSuch a Hassle! 251-252Developing Partnerships: Implicationsfor Library Systems. NCLA PublicLibraries Trustees Section (confer-ence program). 216Everything about Cataloging that YouProbably Did Not Learn in LibrarySchool. Resources and Technical Ser-vices Section (conference program).218Friends"History"Conservation.Friends of North Carolina PublicLibraries (conference program). 221How to Have a ~KnowsT for News.Library Resources Committee (con-ference program). 220Implementation of Information Power.NCASL (conference program). 215-216I Work in a Library, But ITm Not aLibrarian. North Carolina LibraryParaprofessional Association (con-ference program). 212The Journey Home: Dorothy SpruillRedford and the Somerset Expe-rience. Public Library Section/LocalHistory & Genealogy Committee (con-ference program). 213-214Libraries: Designing for the 90s; North~Carolina Library Association Bien-nial Conference, Charlotte, NorthCarolina, October 11-13, 1989. 211-221Libraries, Librarianship and the 1990s:The Academic Perspective. Collegeand University Section (conferenceprogram). 216Life in the Fast Lane: A View from theTop. Reference and Adult ServicesSection (conference program). 214-215Making Contact: North Carolina Wri-ters and Libraries. North CarolinaWriters Network (conference pro-gram). 220NCLA Conference Awards, 222-226NCLA Table Talks (conference pro-gram). 211Roadbuilders: Librarians Who HavePaved the Way. Round Table for Eth-nic Minority Concerns (conferenceprogram). 217Significant Others: Mentors and RoleModels in the Library Profession.Junior Members Round Table (con-ference program). 214Smith, Jessie Carney. Twentieth-Cen-tury Perspectives for Librarians andLibrarianship. 227-233Baker, Barbara. So You Have to Plan aConference . . . 247-249SOLINET Information Network. NCSOLINET UserTs Group (conferenceprogram). 220Some Answers to Library PreservationProblems. Round Table on SpecialCollections (conference program).213Strategies for Recruitment of Minori-ties in the Library Profession. Recruit-ment Committee (conference pro-gram). 219-220Tetterton, Beverly. Believe Me, Confer-ences Are Worth the Effort! 250, 252WhatTs Up, Docs? Documents in theSchools! Documents Section (confer-ence program). 219What Was on That Telephone Refer-ence Carrousel at PLCM? 243-245Whickety Whack! Into My Sack! TomDavenport, Filmmaker. Public Li-brary Section/Audio-Visual Commit-tee (conference program). 216-217Who's Got the Power? Round Table onthe Status of Women in Librarian-ship (conference program), 217-2181989 Biennial Conference. Libraries:Designing for the 90s. 122North Carolina Library Association.ChildrenTs Services Section.Shepard, Cal. ChildrenTs Services Sec-tion Biennial Report. 264North Carolina Library Association.College and University Section.Libraries, Librarianship and the 1990s:The Academic Perspective. Collegeand University Section (conferenceprogram). 216IndexSmith, Martha M. College and Univer-sity Section Biennial Report. 264North Carolina Library Association.Community and Junior College Sec-tion.Libraries, Librarianship and the 1990s:The Academic Perspective. Collegeand University Section (conferenceprogram). 216Sinclair, R. Frank. Community and Jun-ior College Section Biennial Report.264North Carolina Library Association.Documents Section.What's Up, Docs? Documents in theSchools! Documents Section (confer-ence program). 219Williams, Lauren. Documents SectionBiennial Report. 264-265North Carolina Library Association.Genealogy/Local History Committee.Genealogy/Local History Committeeand Joline Ezzell Win North CarolinaLibraries Awards. 226North Carolina Library Association. In-tellectual Freedom Committee.Lanier, Gene D. Intellectual FreedomCommittee Biennial Report. 265-266North Carolina Library Association.Junior Members Round Table.Hunter, Rhonda. Junior MembersRound Table Biennial Report. 266Significant Others: Mentors and RoleModels in the Library Profession.Junior Members Round Table (con-ference program). 214North Carolina Library Association.Library Administration and Manage-ment Section.Section formed. 128, 173North Carolina Library Association.Library Resources Committee.How to Have a ~KnowsT for News.Library Resources Committee (con-ference program). 220North Carolina Library Association.North Carolina Association of SchoolLibrarians.Candidates for NCASL Offices for the1989-1991 Biennium; NCASL Nomi-nating Committee Report. 61-64Implementation of Information Power.NCASL (conference program). 215-216Southerland, Carol. North CarolinaAssociation of School Librarians Bi-ennial Report. 266North Carolina Library Association.North Carolina Library Paraprofes-sional Association.Winter 1989"281

IndexI Work in a Library, But ITm Not aLibrarian. North Carolina LibraryParaprofessional Association (con-ference program). 212Thigpen, Ann H. North Carolina Li-brary Paraprofessional AssociationBiennial Report. 267North Carolina Library Association.Public Library Section.Branch Libraries: When and Where toBuild Them. Public Library SectionDevelopment Committee (confer-ence program). 215Bring on the Best ... YA Materials.Public Library Section/Young AdultCommittee (conference program).215Fergusson, David G. Public Library Sec-tion Biennial Report. 267-268The Journey Home: Dorothy SpruillRedford and the Somerset Expe-rience. Public Library Section/LocalHistory & Genealogy Committee (con-ference program). 213-214Whickety Whack! Into My Sack!! TomDavenport, Filmmaker. Public Li-brary Section/Audio-Visual Commit-tee (conference program). 216-217North Carolina Library Association. Pub-lic Library Section. Development Com-mittee. See Myers, Carol.North Carolina Library Association.Recruitment Committee.Strategies for Recruitment of Minori-ties in the Library Profession. Recruit-ment Committee (conference pro-gram). 219-220North Carolina Library Association.Reference and Adult Services Sec-tion.Anderson, Barbara. Reference andAdult Services Section BiennialReport. 268-269Life in the Fast Lane: A View from theTop. Reference and Adult ServicesSection (conference program). 214-215North Carolina Library Association.Resources and Technical ServicesSection.CAT Tales. Resources and TechnicalServices Section (conference pro-gram). 212-213Everything about Cataloging that YouProbably Did Not Learn in LibrarySchool. Resources and TechnicalServices Section (conference pro-gram). 218Tuchmayer, Harry. Resources and Tech-nical Services Section BiennialReport. 269North Carolina Library Association.Round Table on Ethnic/MinorityConcerns.282"Winter 1989Chavis, Geneva B. Round Table on Eth-nic and Minority Concerns BiennialReport. 269Roadbuilders: Librarians Who HavePaved the Way. Round Table for Eth-nic Minority Concerns (conferenceprogram). 217North Carolina Library Association.Round Table on Special Collections.Some Answers to Library PreservationProblems. Round Table on SpecialCollections (conference program).213North Carolina Library Association.Round Table on the Status of Womenin Librarianship.Ebert, Patrice. Round Table on the Sta-tus of Women in Librarianship Bien-nial Report. 269-270Who's Got the Power? Round Table onthe Status of Women in Librarian-ship (conference program). 217-218North Carolina Library Association.Trustees Section.Developing Partnerships: Implicationsfor Library Systems. NCLA PublicLibraries Trustees Section (confer-ence program). 216Hairston, Irene P. Public Library Trus-tee Section Biennial Report. 268A North Carolina Postcard Album. 1905-1925, by Stephen E. Massengill andRobert M. Topkins. Book Review byJerry Cotten. 52North Carolina SOLINET UserTs Group.SOLINET Information Network. NCSOLINET UserTs Group (conferenceprogram). 220North Carolina: The WPA Guide to theOld North State, by Federal WritersTProject (N.C.), comp. Book Review byPatricia A. Rogers. 124North Carolina through Four Centuries,by William S. Powell. Book Review byBarbara T. Cain. 255-256North Carolina Traveler: A VacationerTsGuide to the Mountains, Piedmont andCoast, by Ginny Turner, ed. BookReview by Elizabeth J. Laney. 259-260North Carolina Writers Network.Making Contact: North Carolina Writersand Libraries. North Carolina Wri-ters Network (conference program).220Ocracokers, by Alton Ballance. BookReview by Cheryl W. McLean. 258-259Old and Rare Books: A Practical Ap-proach for Librarians, by Tom Broad-foot. 239-242Olson, Eric J. See Bushwhackers! TheCivil War in North Carolina, Vol II: TheMountains.Online Systems.Bland, Robert N. Evaluating the Per-formance on the Online PublicAccess Catalog: A Redefinition ofBasic Measures. 168-173Brown, Ricki Val. Smart Barcodes: AWise Decision. 180, 182Easley, Patti, and Summerville, Loven-ia. Unfolding the Mysteries of Alad-din: the Impact of an IntegratedOnline System on Catalog Opera-tions. 174-179Folda, Linda. Staff Education in Auto-mation through Vendor Demonstrations.163-167Kolb, Marcia L. Moving to the NextOnline System: Points to Consider.186-189Tuchmayer, Harry. Dumb Barcodes:The Smart Way to Go! 181, 184-185Oriflamb, by Isabel Zuber. Book Review.128Over to you: Letters to the Editor. 3, 71Owen, Willy. The Triangle Research Librar-ies Network: A History and Philosophy.43-51Palmer, Carolyn.Receives North Carolina Association ofSchool Librarians Media Coordinatorof the Year Award (pic.). 225Parham, Glenola V.Candidate, NCASL AASL Affiliate Assem-bly Delegate (pic.). 64Payne, David. Early from the Dance. BookReview by Elizabeth Bramm Dunn, 260-261Penninger, Randy. See Being a Boy.Perdue, Theda. The Cherokee. Book Re-view by Sarah Stubbs. 196-197Performance Evaluation.Bland, Robert N. Evaluating the Per-formance of the Online Public AccessCatalog: A Redefinition of Basic Mea-sures. 168-173Collins, Melanie H., and Burgin, Robert.The Effects of a New Main Library onCirculation and Other Selected Per-formance Indicators. 90-97Phillip Ogilvie Lecture.Smith, Jessie Carney. Twentieth-Cen-tury Perspectives for Librarians and Librar-ianship. 227-233Phinazee, Annette.Joseph Phinazee accepts NCLA Distin-guished Service Award for his latewife, Annette Phinazee (pic.). 225Pitts, Elizabeth M.Candidate, NCASL Treasurer (pic.), 62Planniong for a Branch Library: AnAnnotated Bibliography, by CarolMyers. 98-101

Point/Counterpoint.Brown, Ricki Val. Smart Barcodes: AWise Decision. 180, 182Cotter, Michael. Be Serious, They'reSuch a Hassle! 251-252Tetterton, Beverly. Believe Me, Confer-ences Are Worth the Effort! 250, 252Tuchmayer, Harry. Dumb Barcodes:The Smart Way to Go! 181, 184-185Politics.Union, Terri. The Role of the PublicLibrary Trustee in the Political Pro-cess. 119-120Powell, William S. North Carolina: A His-tory. Book Review. 56Powell, William S. North Carolina throughFour Centuries. Book Review by Bar-bara T. Cain. 255-256Price, Reynolds. Clear Pictures: FirstLoves, First Guides. Book Review byMelissa Cain. 192-193Programming.Freedman, Barbara. The Developmentof ChildrenTs Programming Guide-lines: Our Experience. 115-118Proseus, Linda S. Elementary Students,Reading Achievement, and the PublicLibrary. 111-114Pryor, Nona.Candidate, NCASL Vice-Chair/Chair-Elect (pic.). 61Public Libraries.Collins, Melanie H., and Burgin, Robert.The Effects of a New Main Library onCirculation and Other Selected Per-formance Indicators. 90-97Freedman, Barbara. The Developmentof ChildrenTs Prog;ramming Guide-lines: Our Experience. 115-118Moore, Catherine. Video in the PublicLibrary. 73-89Myers, Carol. Planning for a BranchLibrary: An Annotated Bibliography.98-101Proseus, Linda S. Elementary Students,Reading Achievement, and the PublicLibrary. 111-114Smith, Duncan. Staff Development inNorth CarolinaTs Public Libraries:Needs, Opportunities, and Commit-ment. 102-110Theme issue. Summer 1989, 69-132Union, Terri. The Role of the PublicLibrary Trustee in the Political Pro-cess. 119-120Public Library of Charlotte and Meck-lenburg County.What Was on That Telephone Refer-ence Carrousel at PLCM? 243-245Public Relations.Ezzell, Joline R. From the CaymanIslands to Washington: Developmentin Academic Libraries. 38-42Rare Books.Broadfoot, Tom. Old and Rare Books: APractical Approach for Librarians.239-242Reading Achievement.Proseus, Linda S. Elementary Students,Reading Achievement, and the PublicLibrary. 111-114Records of the Executive Council, 1735-1754. Book Review. 55Reference Services.Cornick, Donna, Automated ReferenceService: Pressing F1 for Help. 145-150Sherrer, Johannah. Automating theReference Department: A Goal Orien-ted Approach. 151-153What Was on That Telephone Refer-ence Carrousel at PLCM? 243-245Research.Davis, Jinnie Y. Library Research inNorth Carolina. 258, 252Research in North Carolina Librarian-ship, by Jinnie Y. Davis. 191Research in North Carolina Librarian-ship, by Jinnie Y. Davis. 191Rhyne, Nancy. Murder in the Carolinas.Book Review. 56Rice, Helen J.Candidate, NCASL Director (MountainArea) (pic.). 63Roadbuilders: Librarians Who HavePaved the Way. Round Table for EthnicMinority Concerns (conference pro-gram). 217Rogers, Patricia A. See North Carolina:The WPA Guide to the Old North State.The Role of the Public Library Trustee inthe Political Process, by Terri Union.119-120Royall, Kenneth C., Jr.Receives Honorary Membership. 224Russell, Randy, and Barnett, Janet. Moun-tain Ghost Stories and Curious Tales ofWestern Carolina. Book Review. 56Russell, Robert. Foreword. 72Schneider, D.W., and Seay, Catherine. Useof Microcomputers for Library Finan-cial Planning. 21-24School Media Centers.Kessler, Diane, and Fowler, Lynda B.Where Do We Go from Here? OneSchool SystemTs Look at Past, Pres-ent and Future Uses of Technology.158-161Lewis, Carol G. Teaching ComputerSkills in the Public Schools of NorthCarolina: Moving from Who to How.155-157Seay, Catherine. See Schneider, D.W.IndexSerials.Ivins, October. How to Manage theSerials Budget in Today's Climate.33-37Shapiro, Sam. See The Night of the Weep-ing Women.Shepard, Cal. ChildrenTs Services SectionBiennial Report. 264Sherrer, Johannah. Automating the Ref-erence Department: A Goal OrientedApproach. 151-153Shoop, Mike. See State Parks of NorthCarolina.Significant Others: Mentors and RoleModels in the Library Profession. Jun-ior Members Round Table (conferenceprogram). 214Silk Flags and Cold Steel: The Civil War inNorth Carolina, Vol. I: The Piedmont, byWilliam R. Trotter. Book Review by Eve-rard H. Smith. 126-127Sinclair, R. Frank. Community and JuniorCollege Section Biennial Report, 264Smart Barcodes: A Wise Decision, by RickiVal Brown. 180, 182Smith, Duncan. Staff Development inNorth CarolinaTs Public Libraries:Needs, Opportunities, and Commit-ment. 102-110Smith, Everard H. See Silk Flags and ColdSteel: The Civil War in North Carolina,Vol. I: The Piedmont.Smith, Jessie Carney. Twentieth-CenturyPerspectives for Librarians and Librar-ianship. 227-233Smith, Martha M. College and UniversitySection Biennial Report. 264So You Have to Plan a Conference... , byBarbara Baker. 247-249SOLINET Information Network. NCSOLINET UserTs Group (conferenceprogram). 220Some Answers to Library PreservationProblems. Round Table on Special Col-lections (conference program). 213Southeastern Library Association.SELA Representative Report, 1/25/89.66Southerland, Carol. North Carolina Asso-ciation of School Librarians BiennialReport. 266Speller, Benjamin F., Jr.Candidate, NCLA Vice President (pic.).57Sprinkle-Hamlin, Sylvia.Candidate, NCLA Director (pic.). 60Presents award to Patsy Hansel (pic.).217Staff Development.Folda, Linda. Staff Education in Auto-mation through Vendor Demonstra-tions. 163-167Smith, Duncan. Staff Development inNorth CarolinaTs Public Libraries:Needs, Opportunities, and Commit-ment. 102-110Winter 1989"283

IndexStaff Development in North CarolinaTsPublic Libraries: Needs, Opportunities,and Commitment, by Duncan Smith.102-110Staff Education in Automation throughVendor Demonstrations, by LindaFolda. 163-167Stahl, Bil. Libraries and Technology: Forg-ing New Frontiers or Lost in the Wil-derness? 139-144State Parks of North Carolina, by WalterC. Biggs, Jr., and James F. Parnell. BookReview by Mike Shoop. 261-262Stewart, Alva. Letters to the Editor. 3Strategic Planning.Byrd, Gary D. Financial Implications ofStrategic Planning. 6-10Strategies for Recruitment of Minoritiesin the Library Profession. RecruitmentCommittee (conference program). 219-220Strengthened by the Storm: The Comingof the Mormons to Harkers Island,North Carolina, 1897-1909, by Joel G.Hancock. Book Review. 56Stubbs, Sarah. See The Cherokee.Summerville, Lovenia. See Easley, Patti.Surveys.Collins, Melanie H. and Burgin, Robert.The Effects of a New Main Library onCirculation and Other Selected Per-formance Indicators. 90-97Moore, Catherine. Video in the PublicLibrary. 73-89Proseus, Linda S. Elementary Students,Reading Achievement, and the PublicLibrary. 111-114Smith, Duncan. Staff Development inNorth CarolinaTs Public Libraries:Needs, Opportunities, and Commit-ment. 102-110The Tall Woman: A Commentary byWilma Dykeman [videorecording]. Re-view by Diane Kessler. 256-258The Tall Woman, by Wilma Dykeman.Book Review by Diane Kessler. 256-258Tar Heel Tradition: 100 Years of Sports atCarolina, by Philip L. Ben, ed. BookReview. 198Teaching Computer Skills in the PublicSchools of North Carolina: Moving fromWho to How, by Carol G. Lewis. 155-157Technical Services.Easley, Patti, and Summerville, Lovenia.Unfolding the Mysteries of Aladdin:the Impact of an Integrated OnlineSystem on Catalog Operations. 174-179Technology and Librarianship.Cornick, Donna. Automated ReferenceService: Pressing F1 for Help. 145-150Kessler, Diane, and Fowler, Lynda B.Where Do We Go from Here? One284"Winter 1989School SystemTs Look at Past, Pres-ent and Future Uses of Technology.158-161Lewis, Carol G. Teaching ComputerSkills in the Public Schools of NorthCarolina: Moving from Who to How.155-157Sherrer, Johannah. Automating theReference Department: A Goal Ori-ented Approach. 151-153Stahl, Bil. Libraries and Technology:Forging New Frontiers or Lost in theWilderness? 139-144Theme issue. Fall 1989, 133-204Telephone Reference Services.What Was on That Telephone Refer-ence Carrousel at PLCM? 243-245Tetterton, Beverly. Believe Me, Conferen-ces Are Worth the Effort! 250, 252Thigpen, Ann H. North Carolina LibraryParaprofessional Association BiennialReport. 267Tinsley, Jim Bob. The Land of Waterfalls:Transylvania County, North Carolia.Book Review. 127Trail of Tears: The Rise and Fall of theCherokee Nation, by John Ehle. BookReview by Michael Hill. 55Trantham, Fred E.Candidate, NCASL Treasurer (pic.). 62A Treasury of Carolina Tales, by WebbGarrison. Book Review. 127The Triangle Research Libraries Network:A History and Philosophy, by WillyOwen. 43-51Trooper Down! Life and Death on theHighw;ay Patrol, by Marie E. Bartlett.Book Review by Dorothy Davis. 54-55TRLN. See Triangle Research LibrariesNetwork.Trotter, William R. Bushwhackers! TheCivil War in North Carolina, Vol. II: TheMountains. Book Review by Eric J.Olson. 262-263Trotter, William R. Silk Flags and ColdSteel: The Civil War in North Carolina,Vol. I: The Piedmont. Book Review byEverard H. Smith. 126-127Trustees.Union, Terri. The Role of the PublicLibrary Trustee in the Political Pro-cess. 119-120Tuchmayer, Harry. Dumb Barcodes: TheSmart Way to Go! 181, 184-185Tuchmayer, Harry. Resources and Tech-nical Services Section Biennial Report.269Turner, Ginny, ed. North Carolina Tra-veler: A VacationerTs Guide to theMountains, Piedmont and Coast. BookReview by Elizabeth J. Laney. 259-260Twentieth-Century Perspectives for Librar-ians and Librarianship, by Jessie Car-ney Smith. 227-233Ulmschneider, John E. Management Informa-tion Systems and Changing Technolo-gies in Libraries. 12-20Unfolding the Mysteries of Aladdin: theImpact of an Integrated Online Systemon Catalog Operations, by Patti Easleyand Lovenia Summerville. 174-179Union, Terri. The Role of the PublicLibrary Trustee in the Political Process.119-120The United States Branch Mint at Char-lotte, North Carolina: Its History andCoinage, by Clair M. Birdsall. BookReview. 56Use of Microcomputers for Library Finan-cial Planning, by D.W. Schneider andCatherine Seay. 21-24Vendors.Folda, Linda. Staff Education in Auto-mation through Vendor Demonstra-tions. 163-167Video in the Public Library, by CatherineMoore. 73-89Videotape Collections.Moore, Catherine. Video in the PublicLibrary. 73-89The View from Wrightsville Beach, by E.T.Malone, Jr. Book Review. 127A Virtuous Woman, by Kaye Gibbons.Book Review by Frances Bryant Brad-burn. 194VILS.Easley, Patti, and Summerville, Loven-ia. Unfolding the Mysteries of Alad-din: the Impact of an IntegratedOnline System on Catalog Opera-tions. 174-179What's Up, Docs? Documents in theSchools! Documents Section (confer-ence program). 219What Was on That Telephone ReferenceCarrousel at PLCM? 243-245Whedbee, Charles Harry. BlackbeardTsCup and Stories of the Outer Banks.Book Review by Kathryn L. Bridges. 197Where Do We Go from Here? One SchoolSystemTs Look at Past, Present andFuture Uses of Technology, by DianeKessler and Lynda B. Fowler. 158-161Whickety Whack! Into My Sack!! TomDavenport, Filmmaker. Public LibrarySection/ Audio-Visual Committee (con-ference program). 216-217Who's Got the Power! Round Table on theStatus of Women in Librarianship(conference program). 217-218Wiggs, Jon Lee. The Community CollegeSystem in North Carolina: A SilverAnniversary History, 1963-1988. BookReview by Beverly Gass. 256Williams, Lauren. Documents SectionBiennial Report. 264-265

IndexWilliams, Robert W. Young, Diana.Receives Honorary Membership (pic.). Receives NCLA Distinguished Service224 Award (pic.). 225Wingate, James G. (pic.). 216Zuber, Isabel. Oriflamb. Book Review. 128Woodburn, Bettye N. 1989 Biennial Conference. Libraries: De-Candidate, NCASL Secretary (pic.). 62 signing for the 90s. 122Wreath, April. Foreword. 136-137Guidelines for Using the IndextoNorth Carolina Libraries1. The index is alphabetized letter by letter. Numbers and dates are filed at the end of the alphabetical sequence. All acronyms are filedin alphabetical order, not at the beginning of each letter.2. Articles are indexed by title, subject, and first-named author, with cross-references from co-authors.3. Book reviews are indexed by the title and first-named author, with cross-references from reviewers.4. Alllibrary organizations are entered under their full names. Material on the substructures of these organizations, such as committees,round tables, etc., is listed alphabetically under the organization name. (For example, for material on the activities, officers, reports,committees, and round tables of NCLA, see North Carolina Library Association.)5. The abbreviations ocomp.,� oed.,� and opic.� are used to identify compilers, editors, and pictures.Join NCLATo enroll as a member of the association or CHECK TYPE OF DUES:to renew your membership, check the approp- O FULL-TIME LIBRARY SCHOOL STUDENTS; : i Iriate type of membership and the sections or Pe enna ony)hae LIBRARIANSround tables which you wish to join. NCLA mem- aes a(1 NON-LIBRARY PERSONNEL:bership entitles you to membership in one of the (a) Trustees; (b) "Friends of Libraries� members;sections or round tables shown below at no extra (c) Non-salariedcost. For each additional section, add $7.00 to LIBRARY PERSONNELyour regular dues. CD Eaming up to $15,000Return the form below along with your check O Earning $15,001 to $25,000or money order made payable to North Carolina D Earning $25,001 to $35,000i f A ,001 and aboveLibrary Assocation. All memberships are for two Be Earning $35,001 ands0 INSTITUTIONAL (Libraries and library/calendar years. If you enroll during the last quarter aciibetieditiieted Blieessesof a year, membership will cover the next two CO CONTRIBUTING (Individuals, associations, firms, etc.See: interested in the work of NCLA)Ge = ge ammseninanes th nee CHECK SECTIONS: (one included in basic dues; eachOD New membership D Renewal Membership no. additional section $7.00)Name O ChildrenTs 1 NCASL (School)eas OO college & Univ. C1 PublicHeaislel O comm. & Jr. College O Ref. & AdultO Documents O RTS (Res.-Tech.)Business Address C Ethnic Minority Concerns O TrusteesRound Table WomenTs Round TableCity or Town State Zip Code D Jr. Members Round TableMailing Address (if diffrent from above) Mail to: Michael J. Lacroix, Treasurer, Ethel K. Smith Library,Wingate College, P.O. Box 217, Wingate, NC 28174-0217Winter 1989"285

W-E-V-E-@O-F"-LNF.O F.O-G.OPNET Raib-Pset LA ae286"Winter 1989

PresidentBARBARA A. BAKERDurham TechnicalCommunity College1637 Lawson StreetDurham, NC 27703(919) 598-9218Vice-President/President ElectJANET L. FREEMANCarlyle Campbell LibraryMeredith College3800 Hillsborough StreetRaleigh, NC 27607-5298(919) 829-8531TreasurerMICHAEL J. LACROIXEthel K. Smith LibraryWingate CollegePO Box 217Wingate, NC 28174-0217(704) 233-8090ChildrenTs Services SectionPATRICIA SIGFRIEDPublic Library of Charlotte &Mecklenburg County310 North Tryon StreetCharlotte, NC 28202(704) 336-2109College and University SectionMARTHA RANSLEYJackson LibraryUniversity of NC at GreensboroGreensboro, NC 27412-5245(919) 334-5251Community and Junior CollegeSectionSUSAN JANNEY7608-19 Antlers LaneCharlotte, NC 28210(704) 331-3129Documents SectionROBERT GAINESJackson LibraryUniversity of NC at GreensboroGreensboro, NC 27412-5201(919) 334-5251Library Administration andManagement SectionNANCY RAYSouthern Pines Public Library180 SW Broad StreetSouthern Pines, NC 28337(919) 692-8235EXECUTIVE BOARD 1989-1991Past PresidentPATSY J. HANSELWilliamsburg Regional Library515 Scotland StreetWilliamsburg, VA 23185(804) 229-7346Editor, North CarolinaLibrariesFRANCES BRYANT BRADBURNJoyner LibraryEast Carolina UniversityGreenville, NC 27858-4353(919) 757-6076ALA CouncilorPATRICIA A. LANGELIERInstitute of GovernmentUNC Knapp Building 059AChapel Hill, NC 27514(919) 966-5481SECTION/ROUND TABLE CHAIRSNew Members Round TableMELANIE COLLINSHarnett County Public LibraryPO Box 1149Lillington, NC 27546(919) 893-3446North Carolina Association ofSchool LibrariansLAURA BENSONHigh Point Public Schools900 English RoadHigh Point, NC 27260(919) 885-5161North Carolina LibraryParaprofessional AssociationANN H. THIGPENSampson-Clinton PublicLibrary217 Graham StreetClinton, NC 28328(919) 592-4153Public Library SectionNANCY BATESDavidson County PublicLibrary602 S. Main StreetLexington, NC 27292(704) 249-7011 ext. 295Reference and Adult ServicesSectionJOHANNAH SHERRERWilliams R. Perkins LibraryDuke UniversityDurham, NC 27706(919) 684-2373NORTH CAROLINA LIBRARY ASSOCIATIONSELA RepresentativeJERRY THRASHERCumberland County PublicLibrary300 Maiden LaneFayetteville, NC 28301(919) 483-1580DirectorsSYLVIA SPRINKLE-HAMLINForsyth County Public Library660 West Fifth StreetWinston-Salem, NC 27101(919) 727-2556H. DAVID HARRINGTON512 Brook StreetSalisbury, NC 28144(704) 633-0597Resources and TechnicalServices SectionDAVID GLEIMDavis LibraryUniversity of NC at Chapel HillChapel Hill, NC 27514(919) 962-0153Round Table on Ethnic/MinorityConcernsRENEE STIFFShepard Memorial LibraryNorth Carolina CentralUniversity1801 Fayetteville StreetDurham, NC 27707(919) 560-6097Round Table on SpecialCollectionsMAURICE C. YORKJoyner LibraryEast Carolina UniversityGreenville, NC 27858-4353(919) 757-6201Round Table on The Status ofWomen in LibrarianshipKAREN SEAWELLMedical LibraryMoses H. Cone Hospital1200 N. Elm StreetGreensboro, NC 27401-1020(919) 379-4483Trustees SectionTERRI UNION508 Cliffside DriveFayetteville, NC 28203(919) 484-6666Winter 1989"287

EditorFRANCES BRYANT BRADBURNJoyner LibraryEast Carolina UniversityGreenville, NC 27858(919) 757-6076Associate EditorHOWARD F. McGINNDivision of State Library109 East Jones StreetRaleigh, NC 27611(919) 733-2570Associate EditorROSE SIMONDale H. Gramley LibrarySalem CollegeWinston-Salem, NC 27108(919) 721-2649Book Review EditorROBERT ANTHONYCB#3930, Wilson LibraryUniversity of North CarolinaChapel Hill, NC 27599(919) 962-1172Advertising ManagerHARRY TUCHMAYERNew Hanover County Public Library201 Chestnut StreetWilmington, NC 28401(919) 341-4390Editor, Tar Heel LibrariesJOHN WELCHDivision of State Library109 East Jones StreetRaleigh, NC 27611(919) 733-2570EDITORIAL STAFFChildrenTs ServicesBONNIE FOWLER237 Arrowleaf DriveLewisville, NC 27023(919) 945-5236College and UniversityJINNIE Y. DAVISPlanning and DevelopmentD.H. Hill LibraryNorth Carolina State UniversityBox 7111Raleigh, NC 27695(919) 737-3659Community and Junior CollegeBEVERLY GASSGuilford TechnicalCommunity CollegeBox 309Jamestown, NC 27282(919) 292-1101DocumentsLISA K. DALTONRockingham County Public Library598 Pierce StreetEden, NC 27288(919) 623-3168Junior Members Round TableDOROTHY DAVIS HODDERPublic Services LibrarianNew Hanover County Public Library201 Chestnut StreetWilmington, NC 28401(919) 341-4390N.C. Association of School LibrariansKATHERINE R. CAGLER.J. Reynolds High SchoolWinston-Salem, NC 27106(919) 727-2260Address all correspondence to Frances Bryant Bradburn, EditorJoyner Library, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27858.Public LibraryBOB RUSSELLElbert Ivey Memorial Library420 Third Street NWHickory, NC 28601(704) 322-2905Reference/Adult ServicesILENE NELSONWilliam R. Perkins LibraryDuke UniversityDurham, NC 27706(919) 684-2373Resources and Technical ServicesGENE LEONARDIShepard LibraryNorth Carolina Central UniversDurham, NC 27707(919) 560-6220Round Table for Ethnic/Minorit;ConcernsEUTHENA NEWMANNorth Carolina A & T UniversitF.D. Bluford Library1601 E. Market StreetGreensboro, NC 27411(919) 379-7782Round Table on the Status ofWomen in LibrarianshipELIZABETH LANEYCB#3360, 100 Manning HallUniversity of North CarolinaChapel Hill, NC 27599-3360(919) 962-8361TrusteesMRS. ERNEST M. KNOTTSRoute 2, Box 505Albemarle, NC 28001(704) 982-7434North Carolina LibraryParaprofessional AssociationJUDIE STODDARDOnslow County Public Library58 Doris Avenue EastJacksonville, NC 28540(919) 455-7350North Carolina Libraries, published four times a year, is the official publication of the North CarolinaLibrary Association. Membership dues include a subscription to North Carolina Libraries. Membershipinformation may be obtained from the treasurer of NCLA.Subscription rates for 1987 are $32.00 per year, or $10.00 per issue, for domestic subscriptions; $50.00per year, or $15.00 per issue, for foreign subscriptions. Backfiles are maintained by the editor. Microfilmcopies are available through University Microfilms. North Carolina Libraries is indexed by LibraryLiterature and publishes its own annual index.Editorial correspondence should be addressed to the editor; advertisement correspondence shouldbe addressed to the advertising manager. Articles are juried.North Carolina Libraries is printed by Meridional Publications, Wake Forest, NC.zxG288"Winter 1989Issue deadlines are February 10, May 10, August 10, and November 10.