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North Carolina LibrariesThrough all the new doorsof intellectual challenge| librarians are wellprepared fo walk withoutfear or hesitation. This ageof information is ours.

PresidentPAULINE F. MYRICKMoore County SchoolCarthage, NC 28327(919) 947-2976First Vice-President/President-ElectPATSY J. HANSELCumberland County PublicLibraryP.O. Box 1720Fayetteville, NC 28302(919) 483-8600Second Vice-PresidentSecretaryDOROTHY W, CAMPBELLSchool of Library andInformation ScienceNorth Carolna CentralUniversity905 Jerome RoadDurham, NC 27713(919) 683-6485TreasurerNANCY CLARK FOGARTYJackson LibraryUniversity of North CarolinaGreensboro, NC 27412(919) 379-5419DirectorARIAL A. STEPHENSRichard H. Thornton LibraryP.O. Box 339Oxford, NC 27565(919) 693-1121DirectorBENJAMIN F. SPELLER, JR.School of Library andInformation ScienceNorth Carolina CentralUniversity905 Jerome RoadDurham, NC 27707(919) 683-6485Past PresidentLELAND M. PARKLibrary of Davidson CollegeDavidson, NC 28036(704) 892-2000ALA RepresentativeFRED W. ROPERSchool of Library ScienceUniversity of North Carolina100 Manning HallChapel Hill, NC 27514(919) 962-8366NCLA EXECUTIVE BOARD1985-1987SELA RepresentativeREBECCA S, BALLENTINEInstitute of GovernmentUNC-Chapel HillChapel Hill, NC 27514(919) 966-4130Editor, NORTH CAROLINALIBRARIESFRANCES BRADBURNCentral Regional EducationCenterP.O. Box 549Knightdale, NC 27545(919) 266-9282SECTION/ROUND TABLE CHAIRS.ChildrenTs ServicesREBECCA TAYLORNew Hanover Co. PublicLibrary201 Chestnut StreetWilmington, NC 28401(919) 763-3303College and UniversityELIZABETH H. SMITHJoyner LibraryEast Carolina UniversityGreenville, NC 27834(919) 757-6692Community and Junior CollegeMARY AVERYLearning ResourcesRowan Technical CollegeP.O. Box 1595Salisbury, NC 28144(704) 637-0730DocumentsJANET M. ROWLANDForsyth County PublicLibrary660 West Fifth StreetWinston-Salem, NC 27101(919) 727-2220Junior Members RoundtableSTEPHANIE ISSETTEAtlantic Christian CollegeWilson, NC 27893(919) 237-3161N.C. Association of SchoolLibrariansHELEN TUGWELLNorth Central RegionalEducation CenterP.O. Box 21889Greensboro, NC 27420(919) 379-5769Public LibrariesNANCY MASSEYHyconeechee RegionalLibraryP.O. Drawer EYanceyville, NC 27379(919) 694-6241Reference and Adult ServicesJEAN S. AMELANGNew Hanover Co. PublicLibrary201 Chestnut StreetWilmington, NC 28401(919) 395-0449Resources and TechnicalServicesAPRIL WREATHUniversity of North CarolinaGreensboro, NC 27412(919) 379-5781Round Table for EthnicMinority ConcernsSYLVIA SPRINKLE-HAMLINForsyth County PublicLibrary660 W. Fifth StreetWinston-Salem, NC 27101(919) 727-2556Round Table on the Status ofWomen in LibrarianshipMARY McAFEEForsyth County PublicLibrary660 W. Fifth StreetWinston-Salem, NC 27101(919) 727-2264TrusteesJ. A. oJAKE� KILLIANP.O. Box 143Peachland, NC 28133(704) 272-8375SSP Pas "

tn CAIOINOrOIRSTABLE OF CONTENTSbsISSN 0029-2540NCLA Biennial Conference, 1985Articles197 Awards and Resolutions203 Greetings, E. J. Josey205 TodayTs Economic and Political Climate and What It Means for Libraries,Major R. Owens212 Life and Work, David McPhail217 Young Adolescents and Libraries, Patrice Ebert219 Remarks on Fatal Vision, Joe McGinniss228 Name Authority, Co-Op (NACO) Project, Judith G. Fenly233 North Carolina State Library NACO Project, Jan Sheppard235 Report of MeetingsFeatures195 From the President240 New North Carolina Books249 NCLA Minutes251 NCLA ConstitutionCover: Major R. Owens, oTodayTs Economic and Political Climate Advertisers: Baker & Ta: : Ylor, 194; J 204:and What It Means for Libraries,� North Carolina Libraries, 43 Checkpoint, 209; Ruzicka, 213: Sai at tl SMI, 207;2 aia A ; University Pro-(Winter 1985): 205-211. ducts, 220; Follett, 230; Phiebig, 238; Ebsco, 243Volume 43, Number 4 Winter 1985

UN .ONY eR Ze 7 ah:RUN EN ID Bo SRYfalIIITN@RUB te \ ORS INUN®BY""": as :aSWUM 55POSS KRSNAa My WAN \ os AUY)UkNINGKIXSSUNS, WZTOURS RS .RUIN UR.abla gen YYDAS 277A Se ULL SSSLLLA OM LLA ® YY RY UNNI,ZS VII VAST TTI STANTONWe've taken book orderingout of the Dark Ages.BalaSYSTEMS�"� is Baker & Taylor's newest generationof electronic book ordering services. ItTs especiallydesigned to work with existing computer hardware,with built in flexibility that allows you to match thelevel of service to your libraryTs unique needs.Whichever service level you choose, you'll save time,reduce paperwork and speed book acquisitions"allat a lower cost. For example:ORDER allows you to order books through your per-sonal computer, using a modem and regular telephonelines. Just enter the ISBNs and the following day you'llreceive electronic confirmation from which you canprint order slips. All calls are toll free. You also savethe cost and delay of postal delivery.Or you can choose SEARCH AND ORDER. In addi-tion to electronic ordering, this service gives you quickEastern Division, 50 Kirby Avenue, Somerville, NJ 08876 (201) 722-8000access to Baker & TaylorTs diverse and comprehensivedatabase of over 800,000 title records. ItTs your singlesource for virtually all the titles published or distrib-uted in the United States. And you eliminate manualsearching and purchase order typing.Finally, BalaSYSTEMS ACQUISITIONS offers on-lineaccess to our database and electronic ordering plus acomplete software package with fund accounting andfull reporting functions.These advanced service technologies are typical ofhow Baker & Taylor stays in step with the times,building on our experience to bring you the latest inlibrary services.BalaSYSTEMS. ItTs nothing less than a renaissance inbook acquisitions. gxpepence vou CAN DEPEND ONWrite or phone today BAKER & TAYLORfor more information. a GRACE companyMidwestern Division, 501 S. Gladiolus Street, Momence, IL 60954 (815) 472-2444Southern Division, Mt. Olive Road, Commerce, GA 30599 (404) 335-5000 Western Division, 380 Edison Way, Reno, NV 89564 (702) 786-6700194"North Carolina Libraries

Exalting Learningand LibrariesNORTH CAROLINA LIBRARY ASSOCIATIONFrom the PresidentThis is the space reserved for the presidentTs column, but wedecided not to have the president write this one. Instead, follow-ing is a profile of Pauline Myrick, 1985-87 president of NCLA,based on several conversations with Pauline during October,1985. Ed.Pauline Myrick, Director of IntermediateInstruction and Educational Media, Moore CountySchools, became a fulltime library person in 1961when her superintendent decided he neededsomebody at the central office to develop andpromote libraries, and Pauline was his choice. Aprincipal and teacher at the time, she had alsobeen working in libraries since her undergraduatedays at UNC-G. As Pauline put it, oWherever Iwent, I always got the library.� Becoming a librarylobbyist at the central office fulltime was a bigdecision, however, and when first approached,Pauline wasnTt at all sure that she wanted to giveup the classroom. But her superintendent wasconvinced he knew where she could make themost important contribution. Moore Countyschools and NCLA are the beneficiaries of hisforesight.When she became the supervisor of librariesin 1961, Pauline had a system with twenty-fiveolibraries� and one librarian. Her best resource atthe time was probably the two hundred studentlibrary assistants, and she made good use of them.SheTd had experience in that. When she was prin-cipal and teacher at Carthage Elementary, shedeveloped a novel approach to book processing.She set up 10 stations in her classroom for thevarious book processing functions, and the stu-dents did the work. When they had some freetime, they could go to whichever station theychose and do the task that that station was set upfor. When they finished with a book there, theypassed it on to the next station. This was aninnovative response to necessity"the booksneeded to be processed, and there was no staff todo it. But at the end of the year, the direct benefitto the students became apparent"reading scoreswent through the roof. Those children were thefirst to get the new books, they took pride in pro-cessing them, and they read them. And when Pau-line tells the story, she glows with the satisfactionof someone who's had a very successful workinglife bringing children and books together.She speaks of those early opre-Sputnik� yearswith fondness"the years of hardly any moneybut a lot of ingenuity and elbow grease; the yearswhen one olibrary� was in the principalTs officeand had to be locked when he wasnTt therebecause the ice cream box was also there. Paulinesolved that problem by having an oversized book-cart constructed for the student assistants to useto propel the library around to the classrooms.One little pet peeve of PaulineTs is removingbook jackets to be saved for bulletin boards. Every-where she went, Pauline raided the files of bookjackets and put them back on the books, with theresult that the kids began finding attractive booksthat they wanted to read. This ploy was almosttoo successful for one library aide who lamented,oBut what am I going to do"the Southern Associa-tion accreditation people are coming and thereare hardly any books on the shelves"the kidshave checked them all out.�Pauline reached one of her major goals in1975 when every school had at least one fulltimestaff person. It took her a while to convince every-body that ostudents in a small school need thesame service as those in larger schools.� SheTs jus-tifiably proud now of all the fine programs andfacilities that Moore County school libraries canboast. The current state of affairs she attributesto the support of many dedicated teachers andlibrarians over the years. Her most recent majoraccomplishment, besides all of her NCLA activi-ties, is the book she wrote about her employer,Treading New Ground: A History of MooreCounty Schools, 1959-1985.Pauline believes that oteaching is whateveryou do to help people learn,� and that librariesand librarians are a very important part of theteaching and learning process. ThatTs why thetheme for her two years in office is oExaltingLearning and Libraries.� Her goal for NCLA is tokeep it moving forward, and she believes it takesthe entire membership to do that. As Pauline puts1985 Winter"195

it, oAll libraries have the same goal"educatingthe people of North Carolina"but they haveunique responsibilities for meeting that goal.NCLA is a team effort. I feel that it is a challengeand an honor to head up such an organization.�Pauline F. Myrick, 1985-87 NCLA President.Pauline F.. Myrick, PresidentNorth Carolina Library AssociationDirector of Intermediate Instruction andEducational Media; Textbooks; ITV"MooreCounty SchoolsConsultant for various state education pro-grams and agenciesPast Chairman of North Carolina Associationof School LibrariansPast Chapter President of Delta KappaGamma"lInternational Society for Women Edu-catorsEducation:University of North Carolina at Greensboro"BA, MEd.University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill"TSupervision/Curriculum/AdministrationUniversity of California at Los Angeles"Clin-ical Supervision .196"North Carolina LibrariesThree Tar Heels on ALA BallotThe chairman of the American Library Asso-ciation Nominating Committee, Fred M. Petersonof Illinois State University, announced recentlythat three North Carolinians will appear on theballot next April running for seats on the ALACouncil for 1986-90. Ballot mailing will begin April5, 1986.Dr. Gene D. Lanier, professor and director ofGraduate Studies in the Department of Libraryand Information Studies at East Carolina Univer-sity in Greenville will be a candidate as will JohnLubans, Jr., assistant university librarian for pub-lic services, Perkins Library, Duke University inDurham, and Kathleen Moeller-Peiffer, head li-brarian, Orange County Public Library in Hillsbo-rough. ALA members will elect twenty-five coun-cilors from the fifty nominees.LanierTs name was omitted from the list ofnominees published in the November issue ofAmerican Libraries but will appear on the ballotwhen it is presented at the Mid-Winter Confer-ence of ALA in Chicago in January and also on thefinal ballot.Cover-Ups°FORPAPERBACK PROTECTIONSIGNIFICANTLY PROLONGCIRCULATION LIFE* STURDY 15 MiL CLEAR PLASTIC COVERS* EASY TO APPLY: SCORE, PEEL. PRESS ANDTRIM (Cold application adhesive)* ACID FREE; NON-MIGRATING; ONLY 8 SIZESASK FOR OUR MONEY "SAVINGoVALUE COUPONS�JanWay CompanyAcademy RoadR.D.#3 Box 211Cogan Station, PA 17728(717) 494-1239(You may call collect)

NCLA ConferenceAwards and ResolutionsMildred S. Councill, Life MembershipA former president ofNCLA, Mildred S. Councillhas been active in the libraryprofession for many years.She was supervisor of theWPA Library Project inWayne, Lenoir, Jones, Samp-son, Duplin and Johnston"Counties and was the firstLibrary Supervisor for the Wayne County Schools.Mrs. Councill was also the first professional librar-ian at Mt. Olive College and was a member of theLibrary Science faculty at Appalachian State Uni-versity from 1965-67. Mrs. Councill has also heldpositions at Wayne Community College, MauiCommunity College in Hawaii (1970-73) and wasTerritorial Librarian of American Samoa(1973-75).Senator Harold W. Hardison,Honorary MembershipSenator Harold W. Har-dison has been a championof public libraries in the legis-lature. After years withoutsignificant increases in statefinancial aid, public librariesbecame the beneficiaries in1980 of legislation introduced. by Senator Hardison whichincreased state aid by 10 per cent and provided$1 million in matching funds for public libraryconstruction. In 1983, Senator Hardison wasinstrumental in developing a new state aid for-mula for allocation of state aid to public libraries.Due to the efforts of Senator Hardison, stateaid appropriations to public libraries have in-creased from $4.35 million in 1980 to $10.8 millionin 1985.H. William OTShea, Life MembershipH. William OTShea servedas director of the WakeCounty Public Libraries from1966-1981. During that timethe library's system grewfrom the two libraries ofRaleigh to a confederated~ type of library system madeof EON up of city-county-municipali-ties libraries which provide service throughoutWake County. Mr. OTShea has participated inNCLA for many years in various capacities, mostnotably as a president of the association. Even inretirement Mr. OTShea continues his involvementin NCLA as a member of the Futures Committee.Eleanor and Elliot Goldstein,Honorary MembershipEleanor and Elliot Goldstein are the ownersof Social Issues Resources Services, Inc., whichreprints articles on social issues for use in schoolsand libraries. The Goldsteins are also greatdefenders of intellectual freedom. Mr. Goldstein isactive on the board of A.L.A.Ts Freedom to ReadFoundation and supports the Intellectual Free-dom Round Table. Through these organizations,SIRS funds awards for individuals and institu-tions owho show courage in defending the princi-ples of intellectual freedom.� NCLA was the firstrecipient of the SIRS Intellectual Freedom Award.NCLA expresses appreciation to the Goldsteinsfor their untiring work against censorship.1985 Winter"197

Representative George W. Miller, Jr.,Honorary MembershipRepresentative GeorgeW. Miller, Jr. has been afriend to libraries ever sincehe was elected to the GeneralAssembly in 1971. As a mem-ber of the Legislative Com-mission on Obscenity Laws,he repeatedly spoke in sup-port of the librarian in theareas of intellectual freedom and freedom toread. During the 1985 session of the GeneralAssembly, Representative Miller introduced thebill oConfidentiality of Library User Records� andfollowed it to passage into law.Dr. Samuel T. Ragan, Honorary MembershipNorth CarolinaTs poetlaureate, Dr. Ragan is theauthor of a number of books,including oThe Tree in theFar Pasture� and oJourneyinto Morning� and is a formereditor of the Raleigh Newsand Observer (1957-1969).As the first secretary of thecombined North Carolina Department of CulturalResources (1969-73), he strengthened the work ofthe State Library and pressed in the GeneralAssembly for more state appropriations for locallibraries. Dr. Ragan is also a member of the NorthCarolina Library Resources Commission.Paynter and Russell areRay Moore Award WinnersRay Nichols Moore, 1914-1975, was assistantdirector of the Durham County Public Libraryand public library editor of North CarolinaLibraries at her death. NCLA chose to memorial-ize her by establishing the Ray Moore Award, nowgiven at the conference for the best article pub-lished about public libraries in North CarolinaLibraries during the biennium preceding the con-ference. The award recipient is determined by theNorth Carolina Libraries editorial board.The editorial board chose co-winners for198"North Carolina Libraries1983-85. David Paynter, director of the New Han-over County Public Library, was a winner for hisarticle, oBranch Library Use in North CarolinaMetropolitan Areas,� published in the Fall 1984issue of NCL. Robert C. Russell, director of theElbert Ivey Memorial Library in Hickory, won forhis article, oCollection Development in a Munici-pal Public Library,� published in the Spring 1985NCL.Dr. Gene D. Lanier, Professor of Library Science at EastCarolina University, was honored with two awards at theBiennial Conference of the North Carolina Library Associa-tion held in the Raleigh Civic Center October 2-4, 1985. Hewas cited for his dedication and contributions toward protect-ing First Amendment rights and fighting attempts at censor-ship in the state. Lanier, a former president of theorganization, has served as chairman of the organizationTsIntellectual Freedom Committee since 1980. He has been themajor spokesman for the freedom to read in communitiesthroughout the state as well as in the General Assembly.The NCLA Intellectual Freedom Award plaque was pre-sented by Amanda Bible, Director of the Columbus CountyPublic Library, a former recipient of the prestigious awardand a member of the committee. Elliot Goldstein, president ofSocial Issues Resources Series, Inc. of Boca Raton, Florida,presented Lanier with the SIRS Intellectual Freedom Awardciting his contributions in the area of intellectual freedom.The SIRS award includes $500 to the recipient and a $500contribution in Dr. LanierTs name designated to the ECUDepartment of Library and Information Studies.

Winners of the Public Library Section Public Relations CommitteeTs PR awards are, from left to right, Barbara Cashwell, Cumber-land County; Vivian Beech, New Hanover County; Carol Walters, Montgomery County; Kem Ellis, High Point; Brenda Stephens,Orange County; and Suzanne Niver, Davidson County.Baker and Taylor/Junior Members Round Table Grassroots Grant winner Melanie Collins, and JMRT Young Librarian Awardwinner Warren Gary Rochelle.1985 Winter"199

Resolutions, North Carolina Library AssociationConference, 1985WHEREAS, the North Carolina Library Asso-ciation has been assembled in its biennial confer-ence in Raleigh, North Carolina October 2 to 4,1985, andWHEREAS, the members of the associationhave experienced successful and highly beneficialmeetings;BE IT RESOLVED, that the members of theAssociation express their gratitude especially toDr. Leland Park who has served with distinctionas the President during the 1983-85 biennium andto Vice President and Program Chairman, PaulineMyrick and to all members of the ExecutiveBoard, officers of sections and committee mem-bers, all of whom have given many hours of dedi-cated service in furthering the goals and aims ofthe Association.BE IT FURTHER RESOLVED, that the Associa-tion formally extend its appreciation to Governorand Mrs. James G. Martin for the gracious openhouse at the GovernorTs Mansion and their pres-ence at the PresidentTs Dance; and to LieutenantGovernor Robert B. Jordan III and the HonorablePatric Dorsey, Secretary of Cultural Resources, aswell as E. J. Josey, immediate Past President ofthe American Library Association, for their partic-ipation in the conference;BE IT FURTHER RESOLVED, that the Associa-tion extend thanks to all of the Conference Com-mittee who worked diligently to make theConference a success, especially Arial Stephens,Conference Manager and Johnny Shaver, LocalArrangements Chairman and his secretary, PatWatson, for their untiring efforts; and to JanetFreeman and Dr. Martha Smith, who co-chairedthe Registration Committee as well as Jean John-son, Coordinator of personnel for registration andto all who staffed the registration table; to Exhib-its Chairman William Kirwan and his secretary,Sharon Kimble; to the managers and staffs of theRaleigh Civic Center and the Radisson Plaza Hotelas well as to the staff of Ogden Foods for excellentmeeting and banquet arrangements; and to MaryLee Moore and the Vocational Educational Orna-mental Horticulture Class of Chatham CountyHigh School for the lovely flowers at the Confer-ence banquet; and to the Davidson College JazzEnsemble for music that provided the specialtouch to an enjoyable evening; to North CarolinaState Librarian David McKay and the staff of theTN. C. State Library for hosting the outstandingconference reception; to Joseph Ruzicka-South,Inc. for printing the conference program, and toRaymond Weeks and Laurie Stephens for design-ing the program logo; and to all the exhibitors fortheir excellent displays and helpfulness.BE IT FURTHER RESOLVED, that specialthanks be given to all speakers and program par-ticipants, including those who spoke at thegeneral sessions: The Honorable Lacy H. Thorn-burg, N. C. Attorney General, Dr. Dudley Flood,Associate State Superintendent of the N. C.Department of Public Instruction, and Dr. CharlesV. Petty, former Director of the GovernorTs Officeof Citizen Affairs and to all who by their effortsand presence contributed to the success of theconference.I. T. Littleton, Chairman, Judie Davie, Arial StephensMary Avery and Mertys Bell share a laugh with John Berry, editor of Library Journal and featured speaker for the Community andJunior College Libraries Section.200"North Carolina Libraries

NCLA Conference Committee opens the exhibits. From left to right are Fred Marble, Arial Stephens, Sharon Kimble, Leland Park,Pauline Myrick, William Kirwan, Johnny Shaver and Larry Roland.NCLA Exhibits were the best ever " 100 spaces were sold.1985 Winter"201

Janet Freeman and Marti Smith coordinated registration, Secretary of Cultural Resources Patric Dorsey spoke onwith lots of help from Wake County schools personnel. oLibraries and Literacy� at the Trustees Section luncheon.With her is Jake Killian, chairman of the Trustees Section.This was the biggest NCLA ever, with over 1400 people registered.202"North Carolina Libraries

Greetings: Concerns on Accessto InformationE. J. JoseyPresident Park, officers, and members of theNorth Carolina Library Association. I am de-lighted to have this opportunity to participate inyour Biennial Conference and bring greetings onbehalf of the American Library Association. Asthe Immediate Past President of ALA, I am espe-cially pleased to be in the great State of NorthCarolina, for several reasons: 1) my mother is anative of North Carolina; 2) my father grew up inNorth Carolina; 3) my daughter currently liveshere in North Carolina; 4) I have had a long-timeassociation with the School of Library and Infor-mation Science at North Carolina Central Univer-sity, as a member of its Advisory Council and last,but not least, I have so many wonderful friendsand colleagues in this state that I have workedwith in ALA over the years, and I have such highregard and hold them in high esteem for theiroutstanding contributions to our chosen field oflibrarianship.As I reviewed your program, I becameintrigued with the title of the North CarolinaAttorney General's address, oLegal Issues FacingLibrarians Today,� for we librarians in America ingeneral and in ALA in particular, have becomeconcerned about the importance of informationin an information society.From my perspective as the Immediate PastPresident of the American Library Association, Isee several barriers to access to information thatshould be of special concern to all of us as we passfrom the Industrial Age to this new age of infor-mation and technology. The first barrier I see isliteracy"or rather the lack of it. There are 27million Americans who cannot read and thesenon-readers directly affect and are affected bycrime, unemployment, poverty, and human suf-fering. They are the oInformation Poor,� as aretheir children, who will have very little oppor-tunity to advance in life because of this handicap.The second barrier to information is technology.There was a time that a person could reasonablyRemarks delivered at the 1985 Biennial Conference of theNorth Carolina Library Association, Raleigh, North Carolina,October 2, 1985.expect to find answers to questions in books; it isno longer that simple. TodayTs vast store of infor-mation cannot be made available in print formand is now found in computer systems. Thus, thegap has widened between othe information poorand the information rich.� The third barrier toinformation is censorship. Of course, all of us arefamiliar with the attacks on our school librariesand the reasons for censorship. Whatever the rea-son, the public is in danger of being deprived offree access to information. The ALA, as all of youknow, has been in the forefront of the battleagainst censorship, since the adoption of theLibrary Bill of Rights in 1948. Of course, one of thebig sources of censorship today is our Federalgovernment. Those of you who were at the Mid-winter Meeting in Washington remember the ALAWashington Office publication, Less Access to LessInformation. The government is trying to controlinformation by increasing user charges and limit-ing access by treating information as a commod-ity and publishing greater amounts of informationin computer format only. One of the legal issuesthat the Executive Board of ALA will have to faceat its fall meeting is a new information issue case.There are 27 million Ameri-cans who cannot read andthese non-readers directly af-fect and are affected by crime,unemployment, poverty and hu-man suffering.The case at issue involves the decision of the Con-gress to defund the Library of Congress by$103,000 in order to prohibit the publication inbraille of Playboy Magazine. It was CongressmanChalmers Wiley, R-Ohio, who added the amend-ment to decrease the Library of Congress appro-priation for 1985-86 by $103,000 to defund thebrailling of Playboy. It was the same Congress-man, Mr. Wiley, who attempted to defund the1985 Winter"203

brailling of Playboy in 1981. This effort wasturned back by a coalition of groups, including theAmerican Council of the Blind, the AmericanLibrary Association, and several veteransT groupsjoined together in opposition to his efforts. In1981, many of you may remember that ALApassed the resolution on the reaffirmation ofaccess for the physically handicapped. For morethan 15 years, since 1970, the National LibraryService for the Blind and Physically Handicappedhas produced a Braille edition of Playboy Maga-zine, not necessarily because the Library of Con-gress is promoting Playboy, but because theNational Library Service for the Blind and Physi-cally Handicapped Advisory Committee recom-mended it. ALA will have to decide whether or notit will be the plaintiff in a suit or amicus. I canassure you that some action will have to be taken.Only the preservation of publiclibraries, publicly supported,can assure that each individ-ual has equal and ready accessto information.The fourth barrier, of course, is money. Our finan-ces have always been at the mercy of governmentallocations, state and local funding and privatecontributions. The last 10 years clearly demon-strate that we cannot take our support forgranted. You may recall that in June 1984, in Dal-las, in my Inaugural Address I said othat only thepreservation of public libraries, publicly sup-ported, can assure that each individual has equaland ready access to information.� If, ladies andgentlemen, we are to ensure the continuation ofour country as a democratic republic with freeinstitutions in an open society, it is imperativethat not only librarians and boards of trustees ofour public libraries insist on free access to infor-mation, but it is also important for all of theAmerican people to work to eliminate all barriersto libraries, books, and information.In 1985, we would be wise to remember thewords of Thomas Jefferson who once said,oIf a nation expects to be ignorant and free in astate of civilization, it expects what never wasand never will be ... If we are to guard againstignorance and remain free, it is the responsibilityof every American to be informed.�204"North Carolina LibrariesLibrary Research FundedThe chairman of the Research Grants Com-mittee of the North Carolina Association ofSchool Librarians, Beth M. Rountree of Charlotte,announced this week that a proposal by twograduate students in the East Carolina UniversityDepartment of Library and Information Studieshas been funded by the organization. The studywill deal with the leisure reading patterns of ruralninth grade students in two regions of the state.Submitting the proposal were Carroll M. Harrell ofHertford and B. Annette Privette of Zebulon. Ms.Harrell works in Perquimans County High Schooland Ms. Privette is at Bunn High School in Frank-lin County. Both are candidates for the Master ofLibrary Science degree at East Carolina.The research will examine not only whetherand what teenagers read, but will determine howthey obtain reading materials and in what settingthey choose to read. This study will make recom-mendations concerning the buying and lendingpractices of school and public libraries in therural areas of the state. It also will help classroomteachers to design assignments which encouragerather than discourage leisure reading.Jan... TOTEBOOKBAGSCUSTOM PRINTEDTOTE BAGA versatile bag made of10.38 oz. army duck with1° handles and open topCreated with FUNDRAISING in mind. the®CORDURA* NYLONBOOK BAGA Top-Of-the-Line Bag.at an economy bag price,for those heavy-weightjobs. Made of durablewater repellant, soilresistant Cordura Nylon,these bags will outlastcanvas 2-1. Stainlesssteel rivets at key stresspoints. 1% Nylon StrapsSmall-13° Lx13"Hx5"'W;Large-16 2 °Lx16"Hx10"W.Colors: Navy. Green. BurgPrices begin at $10.95-Smail. $12.95-LargeMADE IN THEU.S.AJanWay Tote Bag comesin several standarddesigns or with YOURCUSTOM DESIGNCustom printing begins at$2.60/bag (100 min.)Size: 162" Wx15"HMADE IN THEU.S.AFOR MORE INFORMATION ABOUT JANWAY BAGSFOR FUND RAISING OR FOR CARRYING THOSEHEAVY LOADS,WRITE OR CALL (Collect) TODAY!(717)494-1239JanWay Co., R.D.#3 Box 211, Cogan Station, PA 17728

TodayTs Economic and PoliticalClimate and What It Meansfor LibrariesMajor R. OwensLet me begin by thanking you for suggestingsuch a profound and beautifully broad topic formy speech today. A discourse on oToday's Eco-nomic and Political Climate and What It Meansfor Libraries� offers me an all too rare opportun-ity to burst forth with ideas and pent-up theoriesand forecasts which nobody else has been willingto entertain. Most groups want specific state-ments on very narrowly defined topics. But I re-joice in the latitude you have allowed me. What isseldom realized is that being one of four hundredthirty-five congressmen can be a very frustratingexperience. One does not often get a chance toSpeech delivered by Congressman Major R. Owens at thebiennial conference of the North Carolina Library Associa-tion, October 4, 1985, at the breakfast sponsored by theRound Table on Ethnic Minority Concerns and the RoundTable on the Status of Women in Librarianship.speak. And when the opportunity to speak doescome it is usually limited to one minute or fiveminutes.It is an honor to have the opportunity thismorning to share ideas without a five minute timelimit with such a distinguished and critical crowd.I know itTs early and therefore I feel doublyhonored that so many of you are here. As I standhere my mind is racing with facts that are rele-vant for a discussion of the economic and politicalclimate. In this age of information where you arebombarded with data from all sides, I sometimesexperience a personal information explosion inmy own head. There is sometimes an informationglut, an information flood which threatens todrown me. It is easy to understand why so manypeople feel so constantly overwhelmed in this ageof information. Too much data, too many factscan foster confusion; too much knowledge andinformation"for some people"creates chaos.One great advantage of being a librarian isthat we view the world with an encyclopedicorientation. We are satisfied to know just a littlebit about everything as long as we know where tofind more information if we need it. Librariansseldom become overwhelmed no matter howmany fragments of information there are. Weremain confident that everything can be fittedinto Dewey or LC.It would be useful for us to focus first ontodayTs political climate. And beyond the presentclimate we also want to forecast the future. Inother words, todayTs political climate is a barome-ter of the political trends we can expect for thenext five to ten years. Of course the term opoliti-cal� covers a multitude of developments, events,postures, strategies, etc. and these happeningsare taking place in many arenas"local, national,hemispheric, international, outer space, etc. Wecould quickly go mad trying to contemplate all ofthis at once.To facilitate understanding, letTs simplifymatters and focus on one key political situation,one set of dominoes in a casino filled with domi-noe games. LetTs focus on the basic question of1985 Winter"205

war and peace. This is a critical question. Onethird of the U.S. budget is presently being spent onmilitary matters at a time when we are not at war.Tremendous cutbacks have taken place in categor-ies such as aid to education and aid to libraries inorder to finance a doubling of our military budget.But what would happen if suddenly or even grad-ually the security of our country was definedanother way? What would happen if the pros-pects for a hot war, a global nuclear war, weregreatly diminished? What would happen if themajor decision-makers of this country were tosquarely face the realization that, yes, we are in astruggle but it is going to be a long protractedpeaceful struggle and not a hot, world devastatingnuclear conflagration?I submit to you that the most important politi-cal development, the key trend-setting politicaldevelopment at this moment, is the closing of thedoor of nuclear war as a possible option in thestruggle between communism and capitalism.Washington jargon repeatedly uses the term win-dow. You have heard of windows of opportunityand windows of vulnerability. I want to expandon the metaphor and say that what is now aboutto happen is too big for a window. Not the win-dow, but I am saying the door of possible globalwarfare is closing. The two great adversaries"Russia and the USA"are presently moving inways which are slowly sliding that dangerousdoor shut.BeesEvery day that goes by with negotiations inGeneva; each pronouncement in this propagandacontest in preparation for the big summit; and ofcourse, the summit itself; each day that goes bywith these unfolding developments which oftenseem merely ceremonial and sometimes seem tobe completely phony; each day is buying time forthe continuing emergence of the realization onboth sides that global nuclear war would be sui-cide. Scientists on both sides have already agreedon a whole list of possible consequences ofnuclear war including the long nuclear winterwhere the sun will be shut out and all human lifewill face starvation or freeze to death.Even the most bellicose generals are begin-ning to admit that the horrors of a global nuclearconfrontation are too great to be risked. We cannot take the chance of losing everything in anattempt to destroy each other. That door is clos-ing. It is closing slowly but I am confident that thedoor of global nuclear war as a possibility will betightly shut before we enter the nineties.But what will be the implication for libraries?What will this mean for librarians? First, what willthis central and pivotal political developmentmean for other political developments? How willthis international and global adjustment impacton national and local politics? How will it affectthe deficit? What will be the impact on taxreform? What will be the impact on the economy?Where will librarians be needed and what will be1983-85 NCLA Executive Board: (standing) Karen Perry, Judith Sutton, Ben Speller, Eunice Drum, Stuart Basefsky, Mertys Bell,Leland Park, Pauline Myrick, Rebecca Ballentine, Larry Barr, Shirley McLaughlin; (kneeling) Bobbie Williams, Mary Avery, PatsyHansel, Vivian Beech, Jerry Thrasher, Arial Stephens.206"North Carolina Libraries

the economic worth of librarians?Before we can answer these questions wemust first be clear on one vital point. I said thatthe door of possible nuclear global conflict"thedoor to the hot war"will be closed. But I alsostated that the struggle between the two domi-nant politico-economic systems will continue. Anongoing, long-term conflict similar to the strugglebetween ancient Athens and ancient Sparta willnow intensify. But it will be a peaceful struggle.What does it mean to move from a military strug-gle preoccupied with missiles and silos to a moreintense peaceful struggle?In 1985, and in the twentieth and twenty-firstcenturies, digging in for a long-term peacefulstruggle means that brain-power and all thingsrelated to the intellectual processes achieve apremium status. Not merely the brain-powerneeded to design missiles and star-wars satellites,but right across the board: all knowledge andinformation about all human endeavors will beneeded. In all the spheres beyond the military wewill need a highly educated populace. At everylevel of activity we will need training for excel-lence.In a world at peace there will be maximumcommercial competition. Global buying and sell-ing; free trade versus protectionism; the balanceof payments; the flight of American jobs tocheaper labor pools; lack of knowledge of the cul-ture of foreign markets; inadequate knowledge offoreign language; these and similar problemsmust be confronted in the global commercialcompetition. Due to an absence of knowledge inthe past, Americans have always entered foreignarenas with as many handicaps as advantages.We have always expended more resources thanwe should have to achieve less than we shouldhave.In 1982, immediately after I was elected toCongress, I was invited to attend a seminar atHarvard where the freshmen congressmen wouldbe taught how to be good congressmen. Oneexpert after another repeatedly ended with thesame conclusion. In Vietnam and Southeast Asia;in Central and South America, in the Middle East;wherever the U.S. had been drawn into military orpeaceful interaction with a non-European coun-try or region, we had experienced great failuresdue to a lack of knowledge of the language, his-tory, culture, basic mores and traditions of thearea. And furthermore, when efforts were madeto pull back and more systematically study thehistory, politics and culture of an area where wewere engaged, there was an absence of books andother materials to facilitate these crash studySoutheasternMicrofilm, Inc.Raleigh @ Charlotte @ GreensboroEquipment Sales and ServiceContract Micrographics ServicesComplete Micrographics, including:@ In-house systems® Wide range of Minolta Reader/Printers© Minolta 505 Plain Paper Reader/PrinterRALEIGH OFFICE:4317 Pleasant Valley Rd.919-787-4418GREENSBORO OFFICE:919-294-1249CHARLOTTE OFFICE:704-529-1991ASHEVILLE OFFICE:704-253-7293Southeastern Microfilm isyour Minolta equipmentdealer for North CarolinaMINSLA1985 Winter"207

efforts. In America there were no significant col-lections of materials on Vietnam, Cambodia,Korea, Iran, Saudi Arabia, Egypt, Syria, Chile, etc.Collections as comprehensive as_ possible,translated and or in the native language: collec-tions about all of the countries of the world areneeded by a great nation. Take it for granted thatsooner or later we will be engaged in some enter-prise in each country on this earth. Whether weare selling cosmetics in Canada or raincoats inBrazil; tractors in Nigeria or cameras in Indo-nesia; whether we are making consulting ¢on-tracts with Kenya or negotiating scholarships forSouth African blacks; regardless of the types ofpolitical, cultural or commercial intercourse, wewill need collections which provide the necessarybackground knowledge and information.Budget decision-makers con-tinue to assign low priority toall types of libraries ... Nean-derthal thinking about librar-ies is still in command.Among our friends in the capitalist, freeworld the need for understanding in order tocompete with each other is equaled only by theneed for understanding in order to cooperatewith each other. The fact that little Japan seemsnow to be taking everything from everybody ismaking everybody angry with the Japanese. Thebalance of trade between Japan and the US. isfifty billion dollars in JapanTs favor. The balance oftrade between Japan and the rest of the world isthirty billion dollars in JapanTs favor. A crude andnot so funny joke I have heard several times inWashington goes as follows: oIf we donTt learn tosell more of our products to the Japanese soon,we'll have to declare war again to prevent themfrom taking over the American economy.�To avoid stupid confrontations amongfriends; to maintain world economic order amongthe countries of the free world is a challengewhich will require the mobilization of a highlytrained American citizenry. It is obvious that theoverdeveloped economies such as the U.S. andJapan will soon not have anything to sell whichthe other does not already have. The underdevel-oped countries of the world constitute the marketfor the future. But before we can trade the natu-ral resources of Africa for the manufactured prod-ucts of the U.S.A. we must help Africans to208"North Carolina Librariesdevelop the industries which extract those re-sources from the African soil. This is a task whichcannot only be done best by black American engi-neers and technicians, but black teachers andblack librarians are needed to carry out a paralleleducational and social aid program in Africa.I have chosen this example because aid tohistorically black colleges is presently underattack in Washington. The point I am making isthat in this coming global peaceful struggle for thepolitical allegiance of people in all parts of theworld where we are in a struggle for maximumtrade and economic arrangements we will needall of the educated talent we can get. And particu-larly where there is some factor which involves aspecial affinity or identity with other people, weshould take advantage of that factor. When theWashington decision makers and budget-makersfully awake to the implication of the meaning ofthe long-term peaceful struggle, they will not beattacking special aid to black institutions. Instead,they will be encouraging more aid of all kinds toget more black graduates for assignments inmany parts of the world.In addition to the attack on aid to black col-leges, aid to libraries is also under attack inWashington. This attack demonstrates an evengreater ignorance of the implications of theemerging long-term struggle in the commercialarena with our free world trade rivals and in theideological arena with the Soviet Union. Thestruggle will require brain-power. The strugglewill require unlimited amounts of knowledge andinformation. The struggle will require a popula-tion trained to make use of knowledge and infor-mation.Systems for handling information will beneeded as never before. An almost infinitenumber of collections and databases must beestablished. In every area of significant activitysystems for storing information; systems for dis-seminating, targeting information; systems whichlibrarians are best able to handle will be needed.Of course, you and I know that these needs arehere already. There are massive library andinformation needs which are not being met atevery level and in all types of libraries. Budgetdecision-makers continue to assign low priority toall types of libraries. This is the reality at thismoment. Neanderthal thinking about libraries isstill in command. Unfortunately the news fromWashington this year is not good news. The presi-dent again placed zero in the budget for all libraryprograms and congress was forced to wage anuphill fight to maintain the status quo. Althoughnearly two months have passed since the budget

agreement was finalized by the House and theSenate, there is still no clear statement showingwhat ostatus quo� means for Fiscal Year 1986. Forexample, last year, the budgeted amount forLSCA was 125 million dollars. The estimatedexpenditure for LSCA, however, was only 86.9 mil-lion dollars. The question is: Will the fiscal 1986budget be set at this lower level? And a largerquestion, of course, relates to the fact that suchalarge percentage of the 1985 funds were notspent. Surely the money was needed throughoutthe country. What kind of bureaucratic sabotagedid the administration engage in to prevent theexpenditure of authorized and budgeted funds?In the area of higher education we think thebudget heading is clearer. College library resour-ces will move from zero to 12.5 million. Librarycareers will move from 900,000 dollars to 5 mil-lion dollars. Research library resources will movefrom 6 million to 12.5 million dollars. None ofthese figures relate to the enormous needs of thelibrary community. All of these allocations use1981 as the starting point and that was the yearof the dramatic cutbacks in human service pro-grams. As you can see then, the only good newsfrom Washington is that we prevented the zerofunding disaster recommended by the adminis-tration.e Safee ReliableCheckpoint Systems, Inc.550 Grove Road, Mid Atlantic Park,P.O. Box 188, Thorofare, NJ 08086(609) 848-1800 e TELEX: 84-5396How muchwould you pav...to stop the book lossin your library?A Checkpoint library detection system costsfar less than your missing books are costingyou each year in dollars and loss of service.The Checkpoint Systeme No False AlarmsFor information, please call or write: CHECKPOINTNorth Carolina RepresentativeWes Brewer - 919-493-2161But as the door is closed to the possibility ofnuclear war and the realization fully dawns thatwe are involved in a long-term struggle where thewinners will be those who accumulate and applythe most brain-power, this Neanderthal thinkingwill be forced to give way to a new recognition ofthe importance of the entire education infra-structure of America. And, more specifically, thepivotal role of libraries within the education infra-structure will have to be recognized.As the importance of every vehicle for educa-tion and training is understood more, the value ofthe library and information services which wehave long taken for granted will be discovered byimportant policy makers. We can expect that ourassertion that libraries are the most cost effectiveeducational units will be validated. The fact thatlibraries have the lowest service cost per capitaand the fact that they serve citizens from pre-school to old age will be more appreciated.The following are a few of the broader impli-cations for libraries of these emerging politicaland economic developments:I. Anew perception of libraries and librarianswill raise the level of performance expectationsand generate more and newer demands on thelibrary and information profession. To responde Effectivee Attractivee Thousands in Use1985 Winter"209

systematically and creatively to this breakthroughin perception we first of all need a cadre of scho-lars, intellectuals and philosophers. The newawareness of the library will come in embryonicforms and therefore our response must be shapedby the best minds we can muster. When ourgovernment decides to stop building missiles andaircraft carriers and to start funding new librarysystems, networks, collections and informationretrieval systems on a national scale, who will bequalified to conceive and implement these idealconstructs? We are going to need more soundtheories followed by more concrete planning.We're going to need more people who know howto package reforms, adapt to changing demandsand oversee new approaches. More professors ofLibrary Science are needed and more brilliantstudents are needed to guarantee the existence ofa braintrust for the immediate and the long-termfuture.II. At the other extreme we need childrenTsand school librarians with a new orientation.III. We need to explore the concept of thepublic library as a family learning center with anew kind of librarian who could be called a familylearning counselor.LEAR ATORPARENTIV. At the corporate level we are going toneed more database administrators, librarianswho are well versed in utilization of informationin every format and willing to accept the chal-lenge of the information explosion. Computersand electronic retrieval systems are at the core ofthis rapidly emerging expansion of special librar-ianship.V. To perform the same kind of critical libraryand information tasks for businesses and corpo-rations too small to maintain in-house odatabaseadministrators� there will be a demand for morelibrary and information service entrepeneurs. Theknow-how of library science is a service that onewill be able to sell at higher and higher prices.VI. To meet the needs of both the private sec-tor and the government for more informationabout foreign friends and enemies, there will bemore overseas assignments for librarians, espe-cially those who have a knowledge of foreign lan-guages.What I am saying is that the implications oftodayTs economic and political climate reveal tome a dynamic future for the library profession.The long-term survival of America, the nationalsecurity of our country, is dependent on a newThe Public Library SectionTs PR contest featured winning displays and printed pieces.210"North Carolina Libraries

awakening. And when our decision-makers arefully aroused from their long Neanderthal sleepthey will understand the need to place librarianson the front-lines in the continuing peacefulstruggle for commercial and ideological survival.Our immediate mission is to make certainthat these decision-makers, the people who allo-cate the budget: our mission is to make certainthat they are aroused sooner instead of later. Ourduty is to rush their reasoning processes andmake them understand that one door is closingbut many new doors of challenge are opening. Wemust insist that America can remain America, thebeautiful, only if it becomes America, the in-formed. We must insist that libraries are neededto move America beyond basic literacy to infor-mation literacy and computer literacy and tech-nological literacy and literacy in internationalcultures.Librarians must step forward to provide avital share of the leadership needed to guaranteean informed America. In these closing years of thetwentieth century and at the dawn of the twenty-first century, libraries are definitely not a low-e-nergy activity. As the peaceful struggle gathersmomentum on all fronts, libraries are not super-fluous, ornamental or subsidiary in the intellec-tual processes which are the ultimate forceswhich will shape our world.What todayTs economic and political climatemeans to librarians is a new opportunity to assertourselves: one more opportunity to offer the kindof guidance and direction that only librarians arequalified to give. Other professionals may beawed, confused, overwhelmed by the knowledgeand information explosion. But librarians peerinto that seeming chaos of words, articles, books,broadcasts, videotapes, microfilms, microfisches,recordings, pamphlets, films, manuscripts, andelectronic databases and we dare to shape orderout of that chaos. Using knowledge and informa-tion to make peace will not be a dull or difficulttask for librarians. Rejoice at the closing of thedoorway to violence. Through all the new doors ofintellectual challenge librarians are well preparedto walk without fear or hesitation. This age ofinformation is ours.North Carolina Central University has announced theappointment of Dr. Benjamin F. Speller, Jr., to the position ofDean of the School of Library and Information Science.Speller had served as Acting Dean of the School since 1983,when he succeeded the late Annette Lewis Phinazee.Dr. Speller received his Ph.D. degree in Library Sciencefrom Indiana University in 1973. He also received his M.A.T.in Library Science from Indiana and his A.B. in History fromNorth Carolina Central University.Under Dr. SpellerTs tenure as Acting Dean, the School haschanged its name from the School of Library Science to theSchool of Library and Information Science, has implementeda specialization in information management, has received agrant to study the feasibility of a Masters degree in Informa-tion Science, and has received a grant to establish an Officefor Library Staff Development and Continuing Education anda Continuing Education Microcomputer Laboratory.A member of national, regional, state, and local profes-sional organizations, Dr. Speller was recently elected a direc-tor of the North Carolina Library Association. In addition, heserves as Chair of the Library Education Section of the South-eastern Library Association and as Chair of the Resourcesand Technical Services Section of the North Carolina LibraryAssociation.Dr. Speller is also the author of a number of journal articlesand monographs in the library field.Copies of articles fromthis publication are nowavailable from the UMIArticle Clearinghouse.OMieoehonssMail to: University Microfilms International300 North Zeeb Road, Box 91 Ann Arbor. MI 481061985 Winter"211

Life and WorkDavid McPhailI donTt know how many of you got 6:00 wake-up calls like I did. I didnTt know what was goingon, where I was. I didnTt know it was dark at 6:00in the morning. I used to work at night. I'd begoing to bed about the time that the tradesmenwould be going to work. WeTd all have coffee at thelocal coffee shop. IT'd be on my way home to bedand they'd be on their way to work. ThatTs aboutthe only time I saw them. ITm happy to be here. Ireally didnTt know it was a 7:30 breakfast. WhenDiana told me, I said, oNo wonder Donne Forest atDutton didnTt tell me what time it was.�Donne Forest, who works at my publisher,Dutton, and helped make arrangements for me tobe here said, oThey want to know what you'regoing to talk about.� I didnTt know until I looked atthe program last night that I was talking aboutmy life and my work. So I'll attempt to do that.In past years I've gone to schools. I have donefive or ten, or as many as fifteen, school visits ayear. ItTs quite an experience. ItTs recharging, anditTs one of the few ways that ITm in touch directlywith my audience. It occurred to me one day, thatthe only other person that saw my art, that Iseemed to be working for, was the editor. I woulddo drawings. I would have to determine whetherthey were any good or not, take them to an editor,and she or he would then pass judgment. Thatwould be the end of it. Then I'd go home and startsomething else. Years later, a year later, or manymonths later at the earliest, I'd start getting somereaction to my work. Going to schools is where Iget some interesting questions. Second graders,first graders, up to about the fifth grade, thesekids want to know something. You all know that.They ask! They say what they feel. I think aboutthe fifth or the sixth grade they start eitherbecoming wise guys, or they're too polite. Theywon't ask. My favorites, I guess, are the second,third, and fourth graders. They want to knowthings like how old I am. How tall I am. How manykids I have. Even more personal things like that.Are you still married? Are you divorced? ThingsDavid McPhail made this presentation at the ChildrenTs Ser-vices Section breakfast at NCLA.212"North Carolina Librarieslike that. But they're fun, and I do enjoy that. It isa recharging experience.One of the things ITm often asked and havenever been able to get a good answer for is,oWhere do your stories come from? Where do youget your ideas? Every time ITm asked that, thereTsthis long silence. I make some attempt to answerthe question. Usually, I think, an inadequateresponse to that question. So, I say, when ITm leav-ing, ITll go home and work on that, and I'll come upwith a better answer. I never do. ITm not going towait for someone to ask me where those storiescome from. ITm going to answer it before itTs asked.That is from things that I remember, things that Ilived or saw growing up, I donTt write them downliterally. I write down my version of what hap-pened or, in a lot of cases, what I wish had hap-pened. Either if itTs happening to me somethingthatTs good or if itTs happening to my brothermaybe something that was bad. One of the storiesthat I wrote about my brother is called BernardMeets Jerome. ItTs kind of an obscure book. Thewhole title is That Grand Master JumpingTeacher Bernard Meets Jerome the Great Jump-ing Glump. | insisted on having the whole titleincluded. There was some trouble with that. It isabout my brother Ben. One of the stories ITm goingto tell you that may be suitable for this morning isabout Ben at the library. I wrote a story called TheComic Book Collector. ItTs not in print. ItTs stillsitting on my desk, but it tells about this boy whocollects comic books. He loves comic books. Thiswas in the days when comic books were 10 cents.That was the main form of entertainment. Evenbefore we had television, we had comic books.Those comic books came out on the 29th of themonth. My brother was right there with whateverdimes heTd collected, waiting for the man tounload at the newstand. He was probably only tenyears old. I think a lot of this is me, not just Ben,because I collected comic books. We had to figureout where to get the money. It wasnTt easy. Onegood thing was returnable bottles. We collectedreturnable bottles. We sometimes resorted tosuch things as washing pots and pans. Copperbottoms before the age of Twinkle were murder.

That was a last resort. One of the most lucrativesources of dimes to pay for these comic books wasthe library, the Newspaper and Periodicals Roomat the Newburyport, Massachusetts Public Li-brary. They had all of these old easy chairs, butstuffed chairs with removable cushions. All youhad to do was lift up a cushion, and you'd findchange under there. It sounds easy but, the HeadLibrarian, I assume she was the Head Librarian,was also in charge of the N & P Room. Her deskwas on a platform. She could survey the wholeroom. Kids were not allowed in that room. It wasdifficult to get in there and ransack the cushions.We would go in the door to the ChildrenTs Room,which was near the front door. The N & P Roomwas at the end of the hall, so she could see thelength of the hall and see who came and went. Butit was a ways down. I donTt think her eyesight wasall that good. WeTd go in and go into the ChildrenTsRoom. And then when she wasnTt looking, weTd goout the rear door of the ChildrenTs Room into thecorridor and duck quickly into this little alcovewhere the bathroom was. WeTd sneak into thebathroom and flush the toilet and stick the han-aN\dle, so it would keep running. Now, weTd sneakback into the ChildrenTs Room and get behind thedoor. The poor ChildrenTs Librarian was alwaysblamed for that handle being stuck. So the Librar-ian in the N & P Room could not stand it anylonger. It would flush and flush and flush. It wasjust running. SheTd finally jump down off thatplatform and come steaming down the hall intothe ChildrenTs Room to yell, to take the ChildrenTsLibrarian to task. The minute sheTd pass thatdoor, weTd go around and make a dash for thatfirst chair. WeTd tip that cushion out. If there weretoo many people sitting there weTd say, oMister,you dropped your pipe over there.� HeTd get upand look for it. WeTd go through the cushions. Inagood day, weTd probably get 85¢. It was worth it.We'd stay till we were chased out. But she neverreally put it all together that thatTs how it worked.ThatTs my library story.I do work once in awhile, contrary to whatsome of my editors think. I was working, not yes-terday. The last day I worked was Wednesday. Ihave a little office I go to down in the village that Ilive in. I had put in a great day. I didnTt want theSeco cabyate jacah: liteWHAT DO YOU LOOK FOR IN A BINDERY?e Your collection deserves the bindingexcellence attained through 226 yearsexperience.Certified by the Library Binding Institute,we Offer you a choice.Select Class oA� binding or try our Superflex.5 Both are fully guaranteed in materials andNrela.qaar- larval oFSERVICE, QUALITY, AND FAIR PRICES... THE RUZICKA WAY.Come by for a personal tour of our facilities.Call or write for particulars.911 Northridge Street * P. O. Box 21568 ¢ Greensboro, North OF Tce) lial We-7-40)Telephone (919) 299-7534An Equal Opportunity Employer1985 Winter"213

day to end. As I was leaving, I locked the door andI said, oWhy is it so hard to get here? Why donTt Iwork more? I love it. I donTt want to go home.�There are days when I do everything but work. Iput every obstacle in the way of what ITm doing, ofeven getting there. I have an errand to do. I havewood to chop. I have animals to feed. I have vis-itors. I start the day thinking ITm going to work,and every day I know ITm going to work and don't.My editor, on Wednesday, when I was tellingher what a good day ITd had said, oif I lived in NewHampshire, ITd have this great picture window. I'dhave a view of the mountains and a brook and allthat stuff.�I said, oWell, it sounds good.�She said, oWell, isnTt that what you have?�Issaids ING...She said, oWhat do you look out on?�I said, oWell, I have a tiny window, if I care tolook out, it looks out on a parking lot and a gaspump.�She said, oNo wonder you donTt like to gothere. Do you have music?�I said, oNo! ThereTs no radio. ThereTs no coffeemachine.�Well, you've got to do those things.I said, oNo, I thought that I should set some-thing up, an office where everything was reallySpartan where I would do nothing but work.Because, if I had a radio, I'd find a way to spend20 minutes turning the dials every morning. If Ihad a coffee machine, I'd be doing that foranother hour. If I had a window, of course, I'd belooking out. oSo,� I said, oI have to do it this way.�She said, oIt doesnTt matter. You donTt go there.You might as well have a window and a coffeemachine and at least get there!�ItTs true. I donTt work very often. When I hearstories about people working hard, in any line ofwork, I donTt think ITm envious. I can do it if l wantto. Nobody's keeping me but myself. But I admirepeople who can work.I met Trina Hyman one day when I went toher farm. She said, oCome in and visit.� She wouldwork while she was visiting. She would sit thereand draw. This was in the days she was doingprobably eight or ten books a year. Drawing ten ortwelve hours a day. An incredible capacity forwork. A lovely lady.Just one more story about working or notworking. My editor when I started in this business,the editor on The BearTs Toothache and a numberof my books, also wrote a story that I illustrated.Emily McCleod wrote The BearTs Bicycle. She wasa lovely lady. She always knew when I came toBoston, and we were having lunch, that I would214"North Carolina Librarieshave some complaints about how much money IdidnTt have, and how little she was paying me. Iwas going back to driving a truck. Never mind thisdrawing business.Emily said, oThatTs a lot of money. Now tell me�But, I said, oItTs not enough money. I had toborrow car fare to get here.�She said, oTell me, how much do you work toget that money?�I said, oNo, I donTt work eight hours a day.�She said, oWell, six?�I didnTt say anything.oFour?�MCGREGORoPERSONALIZED�SUBSCRIPTION SERVICEMcGregor can simplify complex andtime consuming problems of periodi-cal procurement involving research,ordering, payments, renewals andrecord keeping. Prompt courteousservice has been a tradition withMcGregor since 1933.@ All domestic and foreign titlesTitle ResearchPrepaid SubscriptionsAutomatic RenewalsPersonal Service RepresentativesCall or write for catalog today815 734-4183MCGREGOR MAGAZINE AGENCYMount Morris, Illinois 61054

I said, oWell, some days.�She said, oWeTre not talking about some days.We're talking about the average day. How muchtime do you put in? Do you work more than anhour a day?�I said, oThatTs about right.�She said, oMy God, you make more than mypsychiatrist makes.�ItTs been getting better. I know when I did TheBearTs Toothache, Emily took me to lunch on thepublication date, which was one of the wonderfulthings about publishing in the old days. On thepublication day, I would get a telegram saying,oToday is the publication date of your book.�Around Christmas time, ITd get a leather boundvolume of that book and get invited to New Yorkor Boston for lunch. Now itTs more of a business,sad to say. ThereTs still lovely people involved. Alot of those little touches are gone. All in all, T'drather have the money, but they're nice touches.When The BearTs Toothache was published,Emily invited me to Boston and we had lunch. Shesaid, oWhat are you going to do now?�I had no plans to do another book. oWell, T'mgoing to retire, of course. ITm going to buy a farm.ITm going to be a gentleman farmer.�She said, oDid you inherit some money?�I said, oNo, I got a trade book published.�She said, oI know that. ITm the publisher of it,arenTt I?�I said, oWhat are you asking me that sillyquestion for?�She said, oYou come back in ten or fifteenyears when you have twenty, twenty-five, or thirtybooks done and tell me how rich you are. Howyou're going to retire.�I laughed and I said, oEmily, this book is goingto do well. ItTs going to make me rich.�One of the things ITm oftenasked and have never beenable to get a good answer foris: oWhere do your storiescome from? Where do you getyour ideas?�It sort of has. ItTs still in print. That was 1972.It still sells a couple or 3,000 copies a year. I figureeach one of those twenty-five drawings hasearned me several thousand dollars. But it didnTtcome the next day like I thought it would.SheTs right. I've done twenty-five or thirty orthirty-five books. Financially, things are lookingup. I wouldnTt want to go back. I wouldn't want tobe starting these days. ITm happy to have the free-dom to do what I please. When I do a book, I havea lot of say about what size it is, and if itTs going tobe color or black and white. What kind of papereven, what kind of type. So I have a wonderfultime working with people. Helping to design andthat sort of thing. ITm probably not the best per-son to work with. I donTt like the confinements ofa page. ITm doing a book now where I donTt knowwhat size the book will be. I've got some lovelypaper that I bought and I want to use as much ofthat paper, as much of that surface as I can. Then,ITm going to turn them over to the art director,and we'll discuss what size book it ought to be.ItTs a wonderful business. ItTs nice to be ableto do for an hour a day what you really like to do.It took me a while to reconcile that I was gettingpaid for art. I was prepared to go without. When itcame time to choose between bread and tubes ofpaint, I was going to be buying tubes of paint. InchildrenTs books, there have been times when ITvebeen lucky enough to have the opportunity tochoose that. But I wanted to be a fine artist andstarve. It took a while to reconcile that. Yes, youcan get paid for doing something that you like.You don't have to be embarrassed by it. I still havefriends whom I was in school with who don'tpaint, who work for insurance companies andother things. I donTt think it was any great initia-Dr. Dudley E. Flood, Associate State Superintendent, N.C.Department of Public Instruction, entertained banquet-goerswith the oMagic of the Written Word.�1985 Winter"215

tive on my part. It has a lot to do with circum-stance. With having loving and encouragingpeople around me.I want to tell you one quick story about Tris-tian, whoTs now sixteen. A difficult age for me,sixteen. Not when I was sixteen, but him beingsixteen. No longer a boy. A big man-child, with ajob. Going from a $5.00 a week allowance to a$175.00 a week carpentry job, wanting to buy acar. Well, learn to drive first. Get his car license.An electric guitar turned up loud. You donTt haveto be sixteen to have that ITm sure.When he was about four, I was doing a bookcalled Henry BearTs Park, It was a difficult timewhen I was working on that book. My family lifewas falling apart. My wife and I were about to beseparated. It was hard doing that book. ThereTs alot of my feelings in that book. ItTs a book of linedrawings. Tiny, tiny lines. Millions of little linesmake up those pictures. I would work at night. Iwould work all night and then would go to bedabout daylight. I was going to bed about 5:30.Then Tristian would be up about 6:30 or so. Theritual was that I would work on the drawings allnight. Then Tristian would get up, and the first& 8000thing he would do was go to my drawing board,which was in the corner of my bedroom. He wouldlook at the drawing ITd done and pass judgment.It was judgment. It was critical. It was importantto me. One night I did a drawing of Henry Bearplaying his cello in the rain under the umbrellatree. I loved it. Every one of those lines I'd feel.Every one of those lines was important to me. Iloved doing it. ItTs almost therapy. You draw amillion little lines this way, and you change theangle and draw a million that way. ItTs fun.I loved the drawing, but I wasnTt sure that itlooked like rain. ThereTs Henry playing the cello,but thereTs just all those lines. Does it really looklike rain? I hate that feeling of not knowing. Inever know for sure whether itTs good or bad, butI get good feelings or bad feelings. ItTs the in-bet-ween feelings that drive me crazy. I couldnTt keepmy eyes open any longer, so I did go to bed. Inodded off. The next thing I remember was Tris-tian shaking me. I managed to get my eyes open.He was holding the drawing of Henry Bear playingthe cello. oDad, itTs beautiful. ItTs Henry playing thecello in the rain! Playing music in the rain!�That made the drawing for me. HeTs now six-teen. I donTt hear much from him about what I do.otkThe guy with the glasses is the governor. He joined the Davidson Jazz Ensemble for a number during the PresidentTs Dance.216"North Carolina Libraries

Young Adolescents and LibrariesSue Rosenzweig, Director of Information Ser-vices at the Center for Early Adolescence, CarrMill Mall, Carrboro, N.C., presented a program onoYoung Adolescents and Libraries� at the 1985Biennial Conference in Raleigh. Approximately200 school and public librarians who work with10- to 15-year-olds, and library administratorsattended.The following questions were addressed:1. Who are young adolescents?2. Why provide special services and programsfor them?3. How can librarians program successfullyfor the age group?4. What programming problems are uniqueto libraries and how can we solve them?Rosenzweig described normal early adoles-cence as a time of rapid physical changes includ-ing the growth spurt, primary sex changes(menstruation and ejaculation), and secondarysex changes (growth of body hair, voice changes,changes in body shape, etc.). The young adoles-cent experiences socioemotional changes as well:mood swings, emerging importance of the peergroup, problems of self-esteem, and feelings ofawkwardness. They wonder if they are onormal.�Early adolescence is a time of great egocen-trism. One of the signs of egocentrism is DavidElkindTs oimaginary audience,� where young peo-ple believe they are always the center of attention,oon stage,� everyone is looking at them, notingdetails of appearance and performance.New thinking skills begin to emerge duringthis period. Young adolescents start to thinkabstractly and begin to think of the future, butthey do not have the life experience to help themmake wise decisions. ElkindTs opersonal fable,�another aspect of egocentrism, is also linked tocognitive development. oI am unique. I am theonly one that ever felt like this. I won't get preg-nant. It wonTt happen to me,� are examples of thepersonal fable. Recent trends in pregnancy pre-vention and drug abuse prevention programsPatrice Ebert, Sharon Branch Librarian with the PublicLibrary of Charlotte and Mecklenburg County, summarizedMs. RosenzweigTs remarks for NCL.reflect this aspect of development. BrookeShieldsTs anti-smoking campaign is an example"she exhorts teens not to smoke because oit looksbad,� not because smoking causes cancer.Because of the great changes they are expe-riencing, physically, cognitively, and emotionally,young adolescents need to have a feeling of com-petence and achievement, They often volunteerfor community work to satisfy these needs. Theyvolunteer in libraries and as candystripers, forexample.Our culture is in the midst of a social revolu-tion which makes our work with adolescentsextremely important. Young teens do not comehome from school to find adults at home. In 1946only 18% of mothers in dual parent householdswere employed outside the home. In 1980, how-ever, 66% of mothers in dual parent householdsheld down jobs outside the home. There are moresingle parents, and in 1984, 78% of all single par-ents were employed. North Carolina has the high-est percentage of working mothers in the UnitedStates today.At the same time that parents are now work-ing outside the home, we see cutbacks in socialservices: parks and recreation, libraries, and soforth. Young adolescents come home to nearlyempty neighborhoods. There are no women athome, no extended families, no supervised play-grounds.Parents want their teens tofrequent the library and toread. The library is free, safeand supervised.The olatchkey� phenomenon really is not theissue for this age group. There is consensus thatyounger children need supervision, and thoseover 15 do not, but even parents cannot agree onthe right age at which those in between can be leftunsupervised. The lack of consensus reflects thevariability and diversity of the age group.1985 Winter"217

Young adolescents need to interact withadults other than their parents. They need oppor-tunities more than supervision. The Center forEarly Adolescence has been studying the o3:00 to6:00 issue� and identifying successful communityprograms for five years. (Unfortunately one cri-terion for success eliminated many library pro-grams: the program must meet regularly over aperiod of time. Most libraries present programson an irregular basis.)In any event, a successful program mustaddress the following needs: physical activity(young teens have boundless energy to expend),positive social interaction with peers and adults,and structure with clear limits (clear expecta-tions are crucial to unsure, self-critical youngpeople). These successful programs will also beresponsive to the need for competence andachievement, self-definition (the growing teen islearning about the new adult person he or she willbecome), and creative expression. Good pro-grams offer meaningful participation. Theseevents are planned with, not for, young adoles-cents.After an excellent slide tape presentation,Rosenzweig turned her attention to young adoles-cents and libraries. Parents want their teens tofrequent the library and to read. The library isfree, safe, and supervised. The kids need informa-tion, and they need the library for homeworkresearch.How do librarians solve the problems theyhave in dealing with young teens? Early in theprogram, the participants turned in cards de-scribing their problems. Noting that these sameproblems inevitably turn up in her presentationsall over the country, Rosenzweig invited theaudience to offer their solutions. A common prob-lem was discipline. Suggested solutions includedhaving a staffer near the area where the teenscongregate"sitting at the table, if necessary. Ifthey hang out and create disturbances, be con-sistent and firm about evicting offenders. Havefew rules, but enforce them. Invite youth partici-pation and let them help you write the rules. Givethe kids some useful activities: have them volun-teer, make a bulletin board, or even teach youngerchildren how to use the microcomputer if youhave one. Visit the schools and be visible. Estab-lish a personal relationship with the kids. If theyknow you, they will be less likely to misbehave.Another big problem concerned lack ofadministrative support. Solutions included docu-menting the need for YA programs with statisticswhich show how many teens your library is serv-ing. Point out that these kids will grow up to be218"North Carolina Librariesadult library patrons and voters for library bondsin the future. Invite the director and administra-tive officials to your activities. One library directorurged librarians to organize a program proposaland pursue it. It never hurts to ask!oHow do we get kids interested?,� librariansasked. Ask the young people"start youth partic-ipation and advisory councils. Get their ideasabout what theyd like. Write for the low-cost pub-lication oYouth Participation in School and PublicLibraries,� available from the American LibraryAssociation.If your library is too busy with too manypatrons to serve, contact community groups andhave them hold their programs in the library,especially if you have a meeting room. This solu-tion works, too, if teens are too busy with otheractivities to attend library programs. Meet withother professionals who work with youth servicesand establish networks. Have the kids publish abooklet or newsletter on activities available in thecommunity. Concentrate library programs onteacher work days when there will be no schoolactivities.Another problem focused on how to getyoung teens to volunteer. Use buttons or T-shirts,have a party. Ask for a clear-cut, short-termcommitment, not a nebulous, long range projectwithout specific goals. Ask your volunteers (andyour teen employees) what kind of program theywould attend, then let them help organize andrun the program.Book discussion groups, such as oJunior Crit-ics,� have great success. Have the kids read, evalu-ate, and vote for Best Books each year. They canthen compare their choices with the ALA YASDBest Books selections. The journal VOYA (Voice ofYouth Advocates) likes to publish reviews byyoung adults. Encourage the group to submittheir reviews for publication.In conclusion, Rosenzweig advised to expectsome failures. Let the kids experience programfailure, too. After all, thatTs life.Ms. Rosenzweig welcomes requests for additional information.She would also be interested in hearing what others are doingin their work with this age group.Copies of articles from thispublication are now available fromthe UMI Article Clearinghouse.Mail to: University Microfilms International300 North Zeeb Road, Box 91 Ann Arbor, MI 48106

Remarks on Fatal VisionJoe McGinnissWhenever I talk about Fatal Vision, which IdonTt do all that often because in truth, the sub-ject does remain quite painful to me, I feel theneed to get any humor out of the way at the startbecause once I begin discussing any aspect of this,as you will see, it leaves laughter a long waybehind.ItTs been six years now since the jury verdict,since Jeffrey McDonald was convicted, but thestory just does not stop. Toward the end of thebook, I wrote, oAs long as there is money to paythem, the lawyers and private investigators will beJoe McGinnis, author of Fatal Vision, made this presentationat the Public Library Section Meeting at NCLA.able to keep busy for years and there will alwaysbe new witnesses and new leads.� I quoted BrianMurtagh as saying oHeTs never going to accept hisguilt, heTs never going to just sit in jail. There's atemptation to say ~the end, this is it, finished.T Butno, not really; the case is never going to be in aposture where he just quietly sits and lets theyears roll by.� Well, Mr. Murtagh certainly calledthat one right. In fact, as some of you may beaware, Mr. Murtagh will be in court on Monday, inRichmond, along with lawyers for Mr. McDonald. Isay oMr.� because as you may be aware, he is nolonger a doctor. He has had his medical licensesrevoked, so it is no longer necessary to call him Dr.McDonald. They'll be in court in Richmond argu-ing his latest appeal of Judge DupreeTs latestdenial of the latest motion for a new trial. I haveno doubt that the fourth circuit will find thatJudge Dupree has ruled correctly, but ITm alsoquite sure that even after that we'll have petitionsto Congress and we'll have bids for presidentialpardons and we'll have new appeals based ononew evidence� and so on and so on, etc. etc. adinfinitum, which, incidently, exhausts my supplyof conversational Latin.In the last chapter of Fatal Vision, I provedmyself to be a lot less smart than Brian Murtagh,for I begin that chapter by saying, oIt is over forme though, I have reached the end.� Well, thatwas written in the fall of 1982, and here in the fallof 1985, which seems to be about three yearslater, ITm standing before you about to talk aboutJeffrey McDonald and some of the things I wentthrough while writing the book. To tell you thetruth, it is McDonald himself who is making itimpossible for me to call this over. For as long ashe sits in his Texas prison and sends out news-letters and gives interviews and files law suits andattempts to mislead and deceive the public aboutme as well as the facts concerning his crimes, Ifeel, really, both a moral duty and a professionalobligation to respond and to continue to articu-late the truth as I have come to understand it.You know, itTs a terrible thing, really, tobelieve, to be convinced, that a man you know, aman toward whom you once felt friendship, did1985 Winter"219

with his own hands beat and stab to death hisown little daughters and his wife and his unbornson. A terrible thing. My life would be a lot morecomfortable today, and it would have been a lotmore comfortable these past six years if I had notgrown convinced of the fact that Jeffrey McDon-ald murdered his family. It would be a lot morerewarding and satisfying emotionally to work toget an innocent man out of jail than to keep aguilty one in. Of course, it is not my task to keepJeffrey McDonald in prison, nor did I have any-thing to do with putting him there; although hewouldn't agree with that ITm afraid, he seems tothink that somehow ... He did an interview lastweek in which he said that there have been threegreat tragedies in his life. The first of course wasthe night of February 17, when at least fourintruders slaughtered his family. The second wasthe conviction in 1979 and the third was the pub-lication of Fatal Vision. So, we now have the bookequated in his mind with the murders themselves,which is an interesting insight into the way hismind works. My task is not that of the criminaljustice system, my task was simply to work ashard as I could for as long as it took to learn thetruth about what happened to Colette and Kim-berly and Kristen McDonald at Fort Bragg on Feb-ruary 17, 1970; and when I had then learned allthat I could, to write about it the best way I knewhow. That is what I did in Fatal Vision and thereTsnothing in my professional life of which ITm moreproud.But I did not come here this morning to con-gratulate myself; rather I came to explore withyou for the next half hour or so some of the impli-cations of the question I have been asked mostfrequently in the two years since Fatal Vision wasfirst published, mainly, oWhen did you becomeconvinced that Jeffrey McDonald had murderedhis wife and children?� ThatTs a logical, sensiblequestion but any adequate answer to it is boundto be somewhat complex, involving as it does theintellect and the emotions and a great deal ofother assorted psychological baggage. It is not, inshort, the sort of question that can be answeredwith surgical or even legal precision. But I have,over the past couple of years, given it a great dealof thought and this morning I would like to sharesome of those thoughts with you in the hope that-they might give you, librarians, who deal with theend product"the neatly packaged, finishedwork"might give you some insight into the con-fused and turbulent and even contradictory pro-cess of thinking and writing about events of suchdreadful magnitude.220"North Carolina LibrariesWhen did I become convinced that JeffreyMcDonald had killed his wife and children? Thetruth is, I knew it with absolute certainty in myheart as well as in my head only when I finishedwriting Fatal Vision. The act of writing was thefinal step of my quest for knowledge and under-standing. It was through that process that Iunlocked the various closed doors at differentlevels of my consciousness and unconsciousnessto discover what it was that I truly and irrevoca-bly believed. Indeed, the process was not simplyone of discovery, but one of creation. And it wasnot simply creation of a book, the words on paper,but creation of the very belief, the very conviction,that McDonald had committed these murders. Wealmost here flirt with epistemology. What is thenature of knowledge? What do we mean by wordssuch as oknow,� obelieve,� obecome convinced�? Iwill not drift too far into those treacherous philo-sophical seas this morning but will say that as awriter, aS a creative artist struggling with themost difficult question I have ever had to face, Ifound myself appreciating the wisdom of theremark once made by Flannery OTConnor. Shesaid oI write because I donTt know what I thinkuntil I read what I say.� Think about that remarkfor a moment and its implication. I suggest that it* ContinuousCatalogCards* ContinuousLabels_ * ContinuousPapers* ContinuousFormsWrite todayfor yourFREE copy!UNIVERSITY PRODUCTS, Inc.P.0. Box 101 South Canal Street Holyoke, MA 01041~ CALL TOLL FREE 800¢628¢ 1912In MA call collect: 413°532°9431

is entirely apt that the complex interrelation ofthe various components of the creative processwhich it implies is exactly what governed me andmy attitudes during the period of evolutionnecessary to produce that book.When did I become convincedthat Jeffrey McDonald hadkilled his wife and children?The truth is, I knew it withabsolute certainty in my heartas well as in my head onlywhen I finished writing FatalVision.At what moment did I become forever con-vinced that Jeffrey McDonald was. a killer? It isnot a question, as I say, that can be answered withmathematical precision. There were too manysleepless nights, too many terrible dreams, really,too many blank dull mornings spent staring outthe back window of my house, cold coffee in hand,postponing for another minute, another five,another ten, the task of going back upstairs andagain confronting the chilling realization which,against my will, was forming itself: that JeffreyMcDonald had in fact fractured the skull of hispregnant wife with a club; that he had brokenboth of her arms with a club; that he had sixteentimes stabbed her in the neck, in the chest with aknife; that he had shattered the skull of his fiveyear old daughter with the same club, stabbedher"you know the details, I donTt have to gothrough all he did. But I lived with the man forseven weeks, three meals a day, seven days a weekwith few exceptions. I liked the man, | liked himenormously. Everyone who met him did. I laughedwith him, jogged with him, drank beer with him,browsed through bookstores with him, listened tomusic with him, talked sports with him. And I alsocame to know and like his friends, lawyers, hisbrother and his mother. I saw him surrounded bydozens of those friends, people from high school,college, the Army, the hospital where he workedso well for eight years, all of them"people whobelieved totally in him and in his innocence. So itcan't be a surprise, I donTt think, that I foundmyself wanting to believe the same thing. I had tolook at those crime scene photographs whichdepicted what had been done to Colette, Kimberlyand Kristen and then within the hour I would belooking at him. This happened a number of timesduring that summer of the trial, and every time ithappened my reaction was the same: oThis mancould not have done that to those people. He isnot capable, it cannot be.�However, I sat in court every day and saw theevidence slowly build up, saw the evidence slowlybuild to a point where by the end of the trial Isuppose I felt, as the jury did, the concrete physi-cal evidence was just too clear, too unambiguous.It could not be, yet it was. He could not have, yethe did, and if he did then he was so sick and sotwisted and so horribly far from what heappeared to be that there was no way of confront-ing the real man, the one who did that. It was onlythis alluring surface personality, and thus therewas no way of sitting down with him and attempt-ing through candid conversation to reconcilewhat could not be true with what in fact had to betrue. I was confronted with what I later learnedthe eminent psychiatrist, author and teacher Dr.Hervey Cleckley has described as a oconvincingmask of sanity.� There is something else Dr. Cleck-ley wrote regarding the psychopathic personalitywhich seems apt. He said, oOnly very slowly and bya complex estimation or judgment based on mul-titudinous small impressions does the convictioncome upon us that despite intact rational proc-esses, normal emotional affirmations and theirconsistent applications in all directions, we aredealing not with a complete man at all but withsomething that suggests a subtly constructedreflex machine which can mimic the human per-sonality perfectly.� ItTs a frightening notion whenyou think about it. I think I read that,"read Dr.CleckleyTs entire book, in fact"sometime in thesummer of 1980, the first summer after the trial.Maybe it was the fall. What it did, in conjunctionwith other reading I was doing in the psychiatricliterature, was to make me aware that such apathology existed; that it was possible that JeffreyMcDonald could be, as I knew him to be, a warmand charming and apparently caring person andat the same time, a man possibly suffering from apersonality disorder known as pathological nar-cissism, the type of person who is described by Dr.Otto Kernberg as o... an enraged, empty self, ahungry wolf out to kill, full of impotent anger atbeing frustrated.�We see the impotent anger in McDonaldexpressed even today in various ways: news-letters, lawsuits, the continuing protestations ofinnocence and attacks upon the government andall who have come to believe him guilty. But whatI was confronted with, starting in the fall of 1979,but really getting serious in the summer of 1980,after I had done that kind of reading was the1985 Winter"221

question, the central question which haunted me,(and thatTs not too strong a word ... I thinkhaunted is an appropriate word there) hauntedme throughout the entire process of writing thisbook: oHow could he have, how could he havedone that?� And only very slowly and by a com-plex estimation or judgment based on multitu-dinous small impressions did the conviction comeupon me that there was a satisfactory explana-tion, if not entirely satisfactory, at least suffi-ciently plausible to allow me to accept what thecold hard objective facts, othe things that do notlie,� as Jim Blackburn had said at trial. These factshad been screaming at me since 1979: oHe did it.�But how could he have? Jim Blackburn said attrial, oIf we prove he did it, we donTt have to proveheTs the kind of man who could have done it.� Forme it was different though; I could not fullyaccept that he had, despite the evidence, until Icould begin to understand how he could have.I guess by the spring, certainly by the summerof 1980, I had done enough independent work toconvince myself that the facts presented at trialhad not led the jury to an erroneous conclusion,but still there was the question, oHow could hehave? How could he have? How could he havedone this?� This was a struggle, an internal strug-gle which I waged continuously for a period ofmonths, even years. A struggle, I suppose I couldsay, between my head and my heart, as it were.You know, I had to believe it, yet I couldn't. Itcertainly did create, to put it mildly, a certain con-fusion. But three years later, when the book waspublished, I was asked, sometimes eight, some-times ten times a day, oWhen did you first think hedid it? When did you first become convinced?� Ofcourse, I tended under those circumstances tominimize this process or state of confusion. Myanswers in those interviews were oversimplified. Ithink there were two reasons for that. The first isthat on interviews, whether itTs broadcast orprint, the format is one in which answers, and Ilearned this from watching Richard Nixon in1968, answers had best be kept brief and focusedand unambiguous. Neither a ninety second televi-sion spot or a 600 word newspaper story is aproper or even a possible forum for the offering ofan answer which would encompass the multitudeof factors that went into my struggle to accept thefact that McDonald had done this thing. So, to beeffective, as one must if one wants to sell books, asone must if one wants to keep writing books, youhave to, in a sense, behave almost like a politicianto try to oversimplify to reach people. It is anecessary part of communicating through themedia.But the second answer is one that makes mea little more uncomfortable, the second answer tothe question, oWhy did I make something so com-plicated seem so simple?� In interviews there is atendency to want to appear a little smarter thanyou really are. By the fall of 1983, when FatalVision was published, the fact of McDonaldTs guiltwas so obvious, it seemed so obvious to me then,so easily demonstrable, that it was embarrassingto admit publicly that it had taken me as long as itreally did to come irrevocably and finally to thatconclusion. It was difficult for me to admit that hehad done such a good job of conning me. I wasangry that I had been so gullible, trusting, suppor-tive, all those things, during the time I was withhim and during the six to nine months that fol-lowed. He was writing me letters from jail and Iwas writing him letters saying oGee, hang in there,I hope things are going to be okay,� you know,feeling some very genuine sympathy for this maneven while at the same time my head said, oMyGod, he must have done it.� Very difficult thing tooDoTs and DonTtTs� Success Dressers at program sponsored by the Round Table on the Status of Women in Librarianship.222"North Carolina Libraries

sustain, a hard way to live. I really felt later, Ireally felt like a dope. I didnTt want to give McDon-ald credit for anything at that point, least of allfor having conned me so successfully for as longas he did. So, when asked the question, oWhen didyou first suspect or when were you first convincedor when did you come to believe?� I would seekthe earliest moment at which the cumulativepower of facts assembled as evidence outweighedthe strength of my desire to believe him innocent,so I would say, oBy the time the jury returned itsverdict.�Within a week of arriving homefrom the trial, I received myfirst letter from McDonaldwritten eighteen hours afterhis conviction, begging me forsupport, begging me to believein him. It brought tears to myeyes. I feel like a sap foradmitting that now. But itTstrue. I said ~Oh my God, hecouldnTt have done this.TThat was an accurate answer to the questionbut not fully comprehensive, for doubts returned,lingered and held sway for months afterward. IdidnTt want to sound like a gullible dope and itwas true that by the time the jury came in, IThadbeen persuaded that he was guilty beyond a reas-onable doubt, at least at that moment. But thenext day, I might not have been so sure. The situa-tion for me was not static, I was not a juror, I hadnot rendered my opinion, I could not now walkaway, I had to walk further in. Things were fluid,changing. Within a week of arriving home fromthe trial, I received my first letter from McDonaldwritten eighteen hours after his conviction, beg-ging me for support, begging me to believe in him.It brought tears to my eyes. I feel like a sap foradmitting that now. But itTs true. I said oOh myGod, he couldnTt have done this.� I had dinner acouple of weeks later with the editor-in-chief ofBell Publishing which was then my publisher,showed him that letter and discussed some of thefacts and wound up saying, oI donTt know, I justdonTt know,� when he asked me. I wrestled withthis, as you can imagine, constantly, all day, everyday. It obsessed me, oDid he or didnTt he? Howcould he have. He couldnTt have, but then if hedidnTt, where is the flaw in the evidence thatproved he did?�I was in a position where I knew enough factsfrom both sides so that by assembling a set ofpro-McDonald arguments or facts I could con-vince anyone in fifteen minutes that he hadnTtdone it. Likewise, I could do the opposite, butthere I was in the middle, torn, turned upsidedown and inside out trying to figure my waythrough the most awful set of circumstances I'dever been confronted by. And all the while beingconstantly beseeched by this terribly charming,terribly persuasive man to believe in him. Well,most of me didnTt, and couldn't, as a result ofwhat I had seen presented in court, but part ofme could and did, for months. How much, I donTtknow. I really donTt know. How do you measurethe degree of love and degree of hate in a love/-hate relationship. This was not quite that intense,but the nature of the ambivalence was the same.Whichever conclusion I came to left me feelingunsatisfied, still disturbed. Gradually, over thenext year, as his personal magnetism faded, andhard new facts piled up along side of what Ialready knew, I grew less ambivalent, but still Icould and did and had to for my own emotionalsurvival suspend my growing sense of awful cer-tainty.ItTs hard now, really, to convey how totallyconsumed I was by what I had gotten involved in,but I'll give you one brief story that might illus-trate it. It was the winter of 1980, which was thefirst winter after the trial. It was February, in fact,around the middle of February. I was in bed, wokeup, middle of the night, didnTt know quite whattime it was, with a runny nose and I didnTt haveany Kleenex by the side of the bed, so I got up andwalked down the darkened hallway to mybathroom and was fumbling around for the Klee-nex and was standing at the bathroom sink, wip-ing my nose on the back of my hand and IJ turnedon the light and then I saw that it wasnTt just arunny nose, it was a bloody nose, and I was stand-ing at the sink in my hall bathroom with blood allover my hands. Then I realized it was February 17,1980 and that it was 3:30 in the morning, whichwas ten years to the minute from the time JeffreyMcDonald, by whichever version of events youbelieve, stood at his hall bathroom sink with bloodon his hands. Now, ITve never had a bloody nosebefore that or after that. I donTt know what thatstory means, but it scared the heck out of me.Really, I did not go back to sleep that night.That gives you, I think, I hope, some sense ofthe intensity of my psychosomatic involvement.Then for three years after that, almost every1985 Winter"223

night, I would awaken within minutes of 3:00 inthe morning, almost every night wake up at 3:00in the morning and lie there, imagining, thinking,wondering, feeling, trying to come to some kind ofterms with what had gone on inside of thatapartment at that hour on that night. I very sel-dom would get back to sleep before dawn. Theseare things which at the time I could not talk aboutto anybody but my wife, really. It was not a ques-tion of saying, oOh well, I guess heTs guilty so prob-ably I ought to let him know what I think� WeTretalking about a psychological crisis here for me.I wasnTt just passively locked into somenightmare, which would have been bad enough, Ihad to write a book, I had to do something aboutall this. I had to deal with this question: oDid he ordidnTt he, how could he, how could he have?� I hadto deal with this every working hour which wasfor the most part, those years, every waking hour.It never went away. I wrote because I needed towrite, because I needed to find out what I thoughtby reading what I had said. I could go for a week,for a month with almost no ambivalence at all.Finally, I'd say, oI've come to accept it; I can dealwith it now, terrible though it may be,� and thenlike the change in the weather some new dust ofdoubt would sweep over me. Really, it was like ablue sky turning gray, it would just be somethingover which I had no control. The thing is I just feltso awful all this time. There was such pain, espe-cially after meeting the Kassabs, after theyshowed me ColetteTs letters and after they talkedabout the kids in the feeling, grieving way thatMcDonald himself could not begin to emulate. ITmnot hardened to human suffering. I could feel theanguish on all sides. All I could fall back on wasthat which I most strongly believe, that for a writ-er, any experience can be validated in the writing.So I persevered. I could not survive unless Icould lay this to rest, and the only way I could layit to rest was by writing about it. I had to under-stand, I had to know, way down deep; way downdeep where it really matters, I had to know.Finally, I got there but it was through the act ofwriting, thatTs when I figured out what I thought.By December of 1982, when I sent the completeddraft off to my publishers, even though there wasmore cutting and rewriting and adding to be donelater, by December of T82, my creative work, myquest for understanding was essentially complete,which is not to say that it was entirely successful.I donTt know if any of you saw the August 1985issue of HarperTs Magazine where the philos-opher David Kelley comments in a lengthy articlecalled oStalking the Criminal Mind,� an articlewhich is really based primarily on his reading of224"North Carolina LibrariesFatal Vision. Professor Kelley writes oIf the var-ious explanations of the crime in Fatal Vision arefinally unsatisfying, the problem is not literary,but metaphysical. We expect the relation betweencause and effect to be both necessary and intelligi-ble. In the case of a human act physiology can giveus the first, and psychology the second, but wecannot put the two together until we can under-stand (and we do not) the causal intercoursebetween mind and body, matter and spirit.� Iwould submit that the causal intercourse betweenwhat I felt about McDonald at any given momentand my sequence of action from the time I methim until the time I finished writing the book isequally difficult to define, and likewise, I wouldsay, is essentially a problem of metaphysics. Inthat same article, Professor Kelley discusses thefindings of Yochelson and Samenow in their book,The Criminal Personality, regarding some as-pects of a psychopath. The psychopathTs greatestfear, Yochelson and Samenow found, was that ofthe ozero state.� This sense of complete and pro-found worthlessness was something all of theirpatients had experienced and went to greatlengths to repress. They protected themselvesagainst it by a kind of grandiosity, a conception ofthemselves as supermen, as effortless heroes, ableto achieve great ends by unconventional means.Their chief method of sustaining this self imagewas to exert control over others. By forcing othersto bend to his will, intimidating them, manipula-ting them through lies and cons the psychopathmakes society affirm a view of his potency that hecannot affirm by looking within.Conversely, anything that suggests a lack ofcontrol over the world threatens to bring on thezero state. According to Samenow, oThe threat ofbeing less than top dog, the possibility that hewon't achieve unusual distinction, the chancethat things will not go as he wants, constitute amajor threat to the criminal, almost as though hislife were at stake. From his standpoint it is,because the puncturing of his inflated self con-cept is psychological homocide.� Professor Kelleythen writes, oAnyone trying to understand thecase of Jeffrey McDonald should find that a chill-ing observation.� His reference, of course, is toColetteTs beginning to challenge McDonaldTs viewof himself as superman, and the consequences toher of her insight. I think it also applies to McDon-aldTs extraordinary rage against me which existstoday. What I have committed through the publi-cation of Fatal Vision is in a sense psychologicalhomocide. ItTs not that I said he did it. Heck, thejury said that, and heTs really not that mad atthem. ItTs that I showed up his inflated self con-

cept as a sham.Well, I'd like to summarize where all this tookme and where it leads me in one or two cogentstatements, but I really donTt know that it can besummarized. The whole process is so confusing, sodifficult. You know, authors shouldnTt stand uphere and cry about how hard it is to write a book.You know that before you begin. There are lots ofother lines of work that are a lot harder, probablyeven being a librarian. There are some days whenI think itTs easier to be a writer than a librarian.But this particular book, unlike my book aboutAlaska, unlike my book about Richard Nixon,unlike any of my other books or any other writingI've ever done, was just so terribly painful becauseof the subject matter, because of this dreadfulnagging question of oHow could he have donethis? And if he did do this, how could it be that Ifound this sort of man to be so attractive and sopleasant, and so charming?� You know, if he didthis, and he did, then he is the personification ofalmost absolute evil. To commit an action likethat, such a terrible, terrible crime and to go onfor ten years, for almost ten years, successfullydenying to others any involvement, this is evil. Yet,at the same time, as I said, he was a very attrac-tive, charming, personable man. It sort of scaresme when I ask myself how I can find something soevil and to at the same time be so appealing. IdonTt know, I donTt know what that says about meor what that says about any of the other peoplewho have been close to Jeffrey McDonald at anytime of his life.Linda Fowler, School Media Programs Coordinator, Region 8and Dr. James Benfield, Superintendent of Polk CountySchools and recipient of the NCASL School Administrator ofthe Year Award.It comes back to the question of how or whenI finally came to believe that he had done thisthing. I think that question is so inextricablyintertwined with the mysteries of the creativeprocess that it simply canTt be answered in one ortwo sentences. It also seems to me that lying veryclose to the heart of the question is the fact thatthat belief, that this man with whom I had sharedso much had bludgeoned and stabbed his wifeand two little daughters, was so horrendous innature, and thus difficult to sustain that it wasobviously impossible for me to confront him, todiscuss this with him. I wouldnTt be talking, as Isay, to the real person, I wouldn't be talking tothat source of that raw fury that is responsible forthis, I would be talking only to that alluring,charming, evasive, deceitful surface.And so, it was a very private problem that Iwrestled with for those three years of writing thebook. I felt that I was wrestling with the demonsinside his soul at the same time that I was wrestl-ing with the torment inside my own. And in theend, as I finished the book, I found that howeverimperfect my understanding of him may havebeen and still is today imperfect, I had come toaccept that dreadful fact which I had fought sohard to deny, that Jeffrey McDonald had killed hiswife and children. It goes back to what FlanneryO'Connor said, oI write because I donTt know whatI think until I read what I say.� Well, I have writ-ten, I have read what ITve said, and I do know thismorning what I think. I think this entire affair isthe worst personal tragedy that I have everencountered and I continue to feel, every day,some small trace of the immense and ongoingpain endured for all these years by Freddie andMildred Kassab who had to face this awful truthlong before I even knew who they were. You know,even though heTs been unsuccessful in his at-tempts to have his conviction overturned and tosilence me through the threat and now the fact oflitigation, and to prevent my book from reachingreaders, to prevent NBC from broadcasting theirminiseries, McDonald has succeeded in one thing.He has succeeded in focusing our attention uponhimself, rather than on his victims.But now, this morning, as I close here, Iwould like to call your attention once more, to thewords of Jim Blackburn, delivered in that elo-quent and memorable summation to the juryright here in Raleigh in 1979, when he said:oLadies and gentlemen, if in the future after thiscase is over you should think of it again, I ask youto think of and to remember Colette, Kimberlyand Kristen. They have been dead now for almostten years. That is right now around 3,500 days1985 Winter"225

and nights that you have had and I have had andthe defendant has had that they havenTt. Theywould have liked to have had those. And, so if inthe future, you should say a prayer, say one forthem. If in the future you should light a candle,light one for them. And, if in the future, youshould cry a tear, cry one for them.�And now, as I close, I'd like to ask now fifteenyears and more than 5,000 days and nights sincetheir deaths, that you join me for just a momentin thinking, remembering, briefly, that braveyoung woman and those two little girls. I wouldask you to contemplate, here at the close, for justa few seconds, those words that Mildred Kassab,ColetteTs mother and the grandmother of Kim-berly and Kristen wrote in her diary in 1971 aftercoming back from putting fresh flowers on theirgraves: oOh the beauties of the world that theywould never see, and the music that they wouldnever hear.� For just a moment, let us rememberthem and their short lives and their tragic andviolent deaths.Thank you.IN N.C., ONE OUT OF FOUR (24.4%) CITIZENS OVER25 YEARS OLD HAS LESS THAN AN EIGHTH - GRADEEDUCATION. WITHOUT BASIC LITERACY SKILLS,THEY CANNOT MAKE A SHOPPING LIST, READ ANEWSPAPER, OR BALANCE A CHECK BOOK.NationalLibraryWeekApril 6-12,1986Theme:oGet a headstart atthe library�The attention-grabbing display of the Public Library Section Literacy Committee.226"North Carolina Libraries

M. E. KerrAddresses NCASLNorth Carolina Association of School LibrariansT programspeaker was M. E. Kerr, noted childrenTs/young adult author.Unfortunately, because of copyright considerations, we areunable to print her entertaining address. We are including, how-ever, NCASL President Helen TugwellTs introduction to Ms. Kerrso that you might become more familiar with this popularauthor's life and work.M. E. Kerr says that she was very muchformed by books when she was young. Author ofmany award-winning young adult novels, she saysoT was a bookworm and a poetry lover. I think ofmyself, and what I would have liked to have foundin books those many years ago. I remember beingdepressed by all the neatly tied-up, happy-endingstories, the abundance of winners, the themes ofwinning, solving, finding"when around me itdidnTt seem that easy. So I write with a differentfeeling when I write for young adults. I guess |write for myself at that age.�The pen name M. E. Kerr is from her real lastname Meaker"Marijane Meaker. She was born inAuburn, New York, attended the University ofMissouri and went to New York City after gradua-tion with great plans to be in advertising or pub-lishing. While working in various boring jobs, shewrote. Her fatherTs advice was oDonTt write poetryand donTt marry a poet.� Her first story, publishedunder the name Vin Packer, was sold to LadiesHome Journal in 1951.Twenty years later, M. E. Kerr wrote her firstbook for young adults, Dinky Hocker ShootsSmack! It was named a Notable ChildrenTs Book of1972 by the American Library Association, a BestChildrenTs Book of the Year by School LibraryJournal, and later adapted into an ABC-TVoAfterschool Special.�Ms. Kerr now lives in East Hampton on LongIsland, New York. She has written adult mysteriesunder the name Vin Packer; as M. J. Meaker shehas written other books for adults. She finds thatthere is an important distinction between writingfor adults, whose values are already formed, andfor young adults, who are concerned with the ba-sics of making and losing friends and wonderingwhat to do with their lives. And, she states, oMy~jobT as a writer of books for young people is toentertain them, hope they will want to come backfor more.�""__"" ~ aCHILDREN and LIBRARIESAn Investment in Our FutureChildrenTsServicesSection NCLAIs currently selling notepads for $1.00.Proceeds will go to pay programexpenses for the Oct. 85 NCLAConference.The pads are 8% by 5%, have 50 pageseach, and are available in blue, gold,and pink.Order from: Rebecca TaylorNew Hanover Co. Public Library201 Chestnut St.Wilmington, NC 28401$1.00 each + 50¢ postage & handling1985 Winter"227

Name Authority Co-op (NACO) ProjectJudith G. FenlyThe name of our project, Name Authority Co-op (NACO), is something of a misnomer. TheNACO project encompasses not only the agree-ments that the Library of Congress has with insti-tutions for name authority records, but also theagreements with other institutions that contri-bute bibliographic records and series authorityrecords to the LC database.In describing the NACO project, I will covername cooperation, bibliographic cooperation, andhow NACO will use the Linked Systems Project(LSP) for the name authority agreements.NACOThe goal of NACO is to produce a nationwideauthority file which will support bibliographiccooperation with records which meet LC stan-dards for quality. The first agreement was withthe U.S. Government Printing Office (GPO) Li-brary and dates to 1977.In the mid-1970Ts LC was approached by astaff member from the Joint Committee on Print-ing of the U.S. Congress and asked to begin usingJudith G. Fenly is the Assistant Coordinator of CooperativeCataloging Projects at the Library of Congress. Her talk atNCLA was sponsored by the Resources and Technical Ser-vices Section.228"North Carolina LibrariesGPO cataloging records (which are prepared forthe Monthly Catalog) in lieu of creating its owncataloging records for U.S. Federal documentmonographs. The LC response was that the ideawould provide significant savings to taxpayersonly if GPO also used and contributed to LCTsauthority file. This condition would permit LC toaccept GPO descriptive cataloging without costlyadjustments to the headings in the access points.The parties concurred that this was a cost benefi-cial approach and NACO was born.Since that time thirty-six more libraries havejoined NACO. These libraries send representativesto LC for two weeks of training in LC practicesand procedures regarding authority work. Thelibraries also agree to follow all LC rule interpre-tations and LC internal procedures in the prepa-ration of the LC workform on which is recordedthe data to be included in the machine-readablerecord.In the early months of a library's NACO rela-tionship, NACO reviews all records submitted. Ata certain point, a formal documented review of alibraryTs records takes place and an accuracy rateis determined. If that rate meets the LC standard,a library will be granted oindependent status�, i.e.,NACO will no longer review all records. A sam-pling of a library's contribution will be made on apredetermined periodic basis to determine con-tinued adherence to the standard.During the life of an agreement NACO pro-vides LCTs rule interpretations and internalprocedures to a participating library via first classmail. Postage-paid mailing labels are also pro-vided. And as part of the continual training proc-ess, NACO gives comment on individual recordsto each library.There are problems, however, with maintain-ing a high-volume manual operation. It takes along time for a record to get into the databasewhen it must travel through U.S. Mail and then bere-keyed at LC. There is duplication of effortrepresented by the re-keying process. There areadditional problems in terms of the timelinessand completeness of the copies of the databasethat LC sells. Whether these copies go out onMARC tape distribution or as microfiche copies of

the file, there are certain categories of authorityrecords that are not included. One example ofthese records is the Early Notice Record (ENR).When an LC cataloger identifies a heading foraddition to the authority file a workform is pre-pared. That workform has a carbon tear-off. Thistear-off contains only the heading (1XX) and firstsources found citation (670). The tear-off isremoved and the information from it is keyed intothe database. The resulting record is the EarlyNotice Record. When the full workform is ap-proved it will be used to complete the ENR. Thiscan take several weeks. The record is finally dis-tributed on MARC tapes and microfiche. Ob-viously, there can be a significant time lagbetween the time a heading is identified and thetime it is available for searching in copies of theLC database.The goal of NACO is to pro-duce a~ nationwide authorityfile.aDLater on I will describe how we expect toresolve some of these problems using the technol-ogy of the Linked Systems Project. In spite ofproblems, NACO libraries have made a significantcontribution to the nationwide authority file"nearly 165,000 records or 10 percent of the entireauthorities database. Last year alone, the librariescontributed nearly 51,000 records.Bibliographic ProjectsAs I said earlier, the primary reason forcooperating in authority database-building is tosupport the sharing of bibliographic records andto eliminate the costly adjustments to headings inthe access points on those records. Those librariescontributing bibliographic records to LC also pro-vide the supporting name and series authorityrecords. In these projects, NACO conducts qualitycontrol in much the same way as for the authori-ties projects.Two of our bibliographic agreements areconducted with other U.S. Federal agencies. Thefirst was established with the U.S. GovernmentPrinting Office (GPO) Library. This agreementtook effect simultaneously with implementationof AACR 2 at LC in January 1981.GPO inputs all of its cataloging data to OCLC.When LC identifies a U.S. Federal documentmonograph for which it wants full cataloging (sothat the item can be added to the general collec-tions), the item is sent to NACO. NACO prints outthe GPO cataloging record from OCLC. Becausethe interagency agreement does not cover subjectcataloging, LC adds the LC subject headings andLC classification numbers to the GPO catalogingrecords. The LC-enhanced GPO record is thenkeyed into the LC cataloging database with thefollowing legend in the 040$a: DGPO/DLC. Therecord is distributed via the MARC DistributionService and, when it is loaded at OCLC, bumps theoriginal GPO record. LC is using about twenty-fivehundred GPO records for copy cataloging everyyear.The Library of Congress also has an agree-ment with the National Library of Medicine(NLM) for descriptive cataloging data for medicalCIP titles. Beginning in March 1984, the Catalog-ing in Publication (CIP) Division began sendingpre-publication medical title galleys to NLM. NLMstaff complete the LC CIP workform (includingMESH headings and NLM class numbers) andsupporting workforms for authority records andreturn them to LC via NACO. LC adds the LC class-ification number and LC subject headings. Therecords are then keyed into the LC catalogingdatabase and distributed via the MARC Distribu-tion Service. When the published book repre-sented by NLM CIP cataloging is received at LC,LC staff complete the cataloging record, which isthen redistributed. Because of the combination ofeffort between the two agencies in producing therecord the 040$a reads DNLM/DLC. NLM is cata-loging around three thousand titles per yearunder this agreement.In addition to the GPO and NLM projects,which are carried out manually, there are agree-ments with two institutions which input andupdate records online to LCTs computer catalogfrom remote terminals. These agreements includeboth descriptive and subject cataloging. Bothwere planned simultaneously and implemented inthe spring of 1983.Harvard University Library is inputting origi-nal cataloging and supporting authority records.Harvard also upgrades LC in-process catalogingrecords to full records. This upgrading processgenerally begins with a reader request at Harvardand ends in a bibliographic record ready for dis-tribution. With both the original cataloging andthe upgrading activities, LC uses Harvard recordsfor copy cataloging. When an already-acquired ornewly-acquired title is represented by a Harvardcataloging record in the LC cataloging database,the data and record are matched and are sentdirectly to the Shelflisting Section where (amongother activities) cuttering is verified and the oNot1985 Winter"229

oWhat a difference |Circulation Plus has madein our library! es Kay FiremanMilpitas H.S., LibrarianPs what Kay Fireman, a librarianfrom Milpitas, California, told theNew Follett Software Company as shebegan her second year of using CirculationPlus.Frankly, weTre not surprised that Kayloves our fully automated hard disk cir-culation system. Letters from all over theUnited States attest to the fact that Cir-culation Plus is a real success amonglibrarians.Chances are youTve already heard fromyour colleagues about Circulation Plus.But, just in case you havenTt, here are afew facts: Circulation Plus is a completehard disk circulation system using barcodetechnology. It runs on the Apple II, theIBM PC and the Tandy 1200 and can han-dle a library with up to 65000 books andrence 15000 patrons.Best of all, Circulation Plus is fully ex-pandable in the future. Soon Kay andother librarians will be able to use Circula-tion Plus to do textbook inventory,download MARC records, move to a fullpublic access cataloguing record and uselaser disc technology. And that is just thebeginning!Librarians will continue to receive fast,reliable service and help from ourdedicated support staff.Interested in FollettTs vision of thefuture? We would like to send you aFREE demo disk that contains virtually allof the functions of Circulation Plus. Testthe features and see how they meet theneeds of your library. All you need do iscall our toll-free number (800) 435-6170 to-day. While you are calling, ask for ourlatest library software catalog. It is full ofexcellent software programs to helplibrarians in the information age.Kay is right. Circulation Plus does makea dramatic difference in todayTs library.: : =a " rotierrWe would like toSOFTWAREforr ae aitte: \send you a FREE AARdemo disk COMPANY=ions of aft ey,Circulation Plus. Follett Library SoftwareCall our toll-free 4506 Northwest Highwaynumber (800) Crystal Lake, IL 60014435-6170 today. (800) 435-6170 (815) 455-1100230"North Carolina Libraries

in LC Collection� legend is removed from therecord. The importance of this is that there needsto be no LC cataloger intervention in the copycataloging process. Harvard is producing aboutfifteen hundred full cataloging records per yearwhich bear their own NUC symbol (MH) in the040$a.The University of Chicago Library is alsoinputting bibliographic and authority recordsonline. Their NACO cataloging universe repre-sents the merger of the John Crerar Library withthe UniversityTs science collection. The first phaseof the LC-Chicago agreement was the retrospec-tive conversion (RECON) of LC non-MARC cata-loging records which represented titles in themerged collection. As part of the agreement, Chi-cago upgrades all access points in these records(including series) to AACR 2. This project en-hances the LC cataloging database coverage of itsown science collection. The second phase of theagreement is for the original cataloging of rarebooks. LC uses these latter records in the sameway that we use Harvard records because theChicago agreement also includes subject catalog-ing. Chicago is producing about eight thousandbibliographic records per year. Their RECONrecords bear the legend, DLC/ICU, in the 040$a,and the original records show their NUC symbol(ICU) in the $a.At this time, a fifth bibliographic agreement isin the planning stages with the University of Illi-nois, Urbana-Champaign. Under this agreementIllinois will provide bibliographic data on work-forms to LC for a defined set of Soviet Russianpublishers. Illinois will input the data to OCLC,then mail the workform to LC where it will bematched with LCTs copy of the book. Illinois will beproviding LC subject headings, but because Ili-nois uses Dewey, LC will add the LC class numberto the workform. LC will then input the record toour cataloging database. When it is distributed onMARC to OCLC the LC-enhanced version of therecord will bump the original. This project isscheduled to commence with the receipt of titleswith 1986 imprints and is expected to produceabout twelve hundred bibliographic records peryear.Linked Systems ProjectThe Linked Systems Project (LSP) is the proj-ect to which I referred earlier as a vehicle forresolving some of the problems of timely access toa current copy of the nationwide authority filelocated at LC. LSP began with funding from theCouncil on Library Resources. There are now fourparticipants: Research Libraries Group (RLG),Western Library Network (WLN), OCLC, and LC.LSP is constituted of a set of computer-to-computer links permitting electronic transfer ofrecords. It has two components: the StandardNetwork Interconnection (SNI) and the Authori-ties Implementation (AI). SNI comprises thecomputer protocols designed to support LSP.Authorities Implementation (AI) is the firstapplication of LSP and is the facility which will beused to directly support NACO operations. Thepurpose of AI is to maintain a consistent data-base of name authority headings replicated inseveral locations.There are two features of AI which I will de-scribe here. One is Record Transfer and the otheris Intersystem Search and Response. Throughoutthe explanation of Record Transfer it should beborne in mind that (1) the Master File resides atLC with copies of it at each of the utilities; (2) anyrecord being added to the Master File must passLC computer validation prior to being added; and(3) no record will be distributed until it isapproved for addition to the Master File.Record Transfer is characterized by queues ofrecords and by the fact that records are not sentfrom one location to another, but are requestedand pulled by the receiving computer, The queues,which are sequential holding files of records, aredistribution, which resides at LC; contribution,which resides at each of the utilities; andresponse, which resides at LC.In spite of problems, NACOlibraries have made a signifi-cant contribution to the nation-wide authority file.When a NACO library wishes to add a recordto the nationwide authority file (i.e., Master File),the library will key the record into the database ofthe utility to which the library belongs. The recordmust pass any existing utility computer edits. Thelibrary will indicate that the record is for contri-bution and it will be placed in the contributionqueue. LC will initiate a connection and poll thecontribution queues at each utility daily. If thereare records in a queue, LC will pull them acrossthe link and attempt to load the records into theMaster File. For each record coming across thelink, a response record will be created indicatingwhether or not the records passed LC computer1985 Winter"231

validation for addition to the Master File. The pos-itive response indicates only the pass, while thenegative response provides the reason for failure.Response records go into a queue and every dayeach utility initiates a connection to LCTs compu-ter and pulls its own response records.Simultaneously with passing LC computervalidation and subsequent addition to the MasterFile, all records (LC-generated records included)are added to the the distribution queue. Everyday each utility initiates a connection to the LCcomputer and pulls all records added to the dis-tribution queue that day across the link and loadsthe records into their own computer.When a library wishes to modify an authorityrecord already residing on the Master File, essen-tially the same steps will be followed as for addinga new record. There are some restrictions, how-ever. If a record is to be deleted, the library mustrequest LC to make the deletion. If a 1XX is to bemodified, prior permission from LC is needed.To recapitulate the three queues in RecordTransfer: contribution permits addition of andmodifications to records in the Master File at LCfrom other locations; response permits LC notonly to notify utilities of acceptance or rejectionof records, but also the reasons for rejection; anddistribution permits timely (within 24-48 hours)replication of the Master File in other locationsand replaces tape distribution.The second feature of AI is IntersystemSearch and Response. This capability will permit,for example, a NACO library to query the authori-ties database at another LSP site using local util-ity terminals and search language. LSP willtranslate the search into the language of thetarget system and will retrieve records andtransmit them in the USMARC CommunicationsFormat and then display them for the searcher inhis/her local utility display format. This capabilitywill be used by members of one utility to searchnon-NACO authority files on another utility. Itwill also be used by NACO to assist in quality con-trol of the database and in answering participantqueries.Clearly, LSP will have a dramatic impact onNACO and its member institutions. The EarlyNotice Records that I described above have beenapproved for distribution across LSP (althoughnot for tape distribution). There are other cate-gories of records approved for LSP distribution.The constant distribution to and synchronizationof the Master File copies located at the utilitieswill provide current access which can be definedin terms of hours, not weeks. That access will be232"North Carolina Librariesavailable to all members of the utilities eventually,not just NACO members.Internally, NACO will no longer have to dealwith large volumes of U.S. Mail, and LC will nolonger have to key records from the NACO librar-ies. Of course, quality control of the NACO contri-butions to the Master File will continue along thesame lines as for manual contributions to the file.The LSP member utilities are at variousstages in the planning/testing/implementationcycle. RLG is already pulling and loading recordsfrom the distribution queue. The RLG library tobegin contribution first will be Yale UniversityLibrary. Contribution is scheduled for winter.OCLC is testing at the application level andexpects to have its system ready for contributionand distribution this winter. The OCLC library tobegin contribution first will be Indiana UniversityLibrary. WLN is planning to implement all of thecomponents of AI simultaneously. Implementa-tion is scheduled for next summer.ConclusionFor many reasons I look forward to theNACO-wide implementation of LSP and the elec-tronic transfer of records to the nationwideauthority file. It will make the file available on atimely basis to a large clientele. That timelinesswill reduce further the duplication of effortamong libraries and will promote the standardi-zation of headings used in access points on biblio-graphic records. The latter will open the door formore bibliographic cooperation for more institu-tions. Further, efficiencies realized throughoutthe library community will free resources for theenlargement of the cooperative database buildingeffort.

North Carolina State LibraryNACO ProjectJan SheppardI'd like to begin by telling you a little about thehistory of the Special Cataloging Branch of theNorth Carolina State Library and how it relates tothe NACO project. In 1980, the Services to StateAgencies Branch began redefining its objectives.Prior to that time cataloging service was providedto state agencies only, then the powers that bedecided to cut back on that service and considerthe possibility of cataloging the State Librarydocuments collection on OCLC. At the same time,the Library had applied to become a NACO libra-ry"to be the authority on names of North Caro-lina agencies. In anticipation of both of these newprojects, we purchased the NC portion of the LCname authority card file (which included namesprior to the Executive reorganization of 1971)and embarked upon a federally funded Name His-tory project, which researched and recorded incard form the names of North Carolina agencies,concentrating on new names after the 1971 reor-ganization.Jan Sheppard works in the Technical Services Department,Division of State Library. Her talk was a featured part of thesession on the Name Authority Cooperative Project sponsoredby the Resources and Technical Services Section of NCLA.If you'll remember, 1981 was a big year forcatalogers because of the implementation ofAACR2. It was also a big year within our branch.For starters, we changed our name to the SpecialCataloging Branch. During that year, the NameHistory Project was completed, and the docu-ments class scheme revision, which progressed inconjunction with the Name History Project, waswell on its way to being completed. Also, we wereaccepted as a NACO library. Cindy Ansell, whowas the documents cataloger at the time, went toWashington for NACO training in March, 1982.Her training was extensive. She spent twoweeks at the Library of Congress working with theNACO personnel to learn how LC establishesheadings. After she returned, a NACO contactperson called weekly to discuss headings that shehad sent in and discuss any problems that shemight be having with headings, rule interpreta-tions, the forms, and so on. Cindy left the StateLibrary soon after she went for the training and Imoved into the documents cataloging position.Not only does NACO give extensive training,they monitor your work very carefully. For thefirst year, every heading that we sent in waschecked. Again, we received calls weekly from acontact person. If they changed a heading, theyalways backed it up with one or more rule inter-pretations"so if you wanted to argue you neededto be prepared to justify your argument with ruleinterpretations and title pages from books. LC willchange a heading, by the way,"it takes a real longtime and a lot of convincing, but they will admitthey're wrong and they will change the heading ifyou prove your case. About six months after Istarted working with NACO, I began to worktoward what they call oindependent status.� Thatmeans that instead of checking every headingthat I send, LC will pull about sixteen of them atrandom on a monthly basis for quality review.They graph your errors and, if you fall below acertain level, they will begin reviewing everythingagain, or ask that you come back for a little moretraining"whatever is necessary to get you back inline. I gained independent status in March 1983"one year after our project began.1985 Winter"233

I'm afraid I donTt have any cost figures onNACO. The biggest expense is for my time. Other-wise, I make a few long distance telephone callsand, after the first of the year, we'll be charged forOCLC searches. NACO work is just part of myregular cataloging workflow. While cataloging, Icheck the heading against LCTs authority file onOCLC. If the heading is not there, I check to see ifthere is a bibliographic record that uses the par-ticular heading so I can try and get additionalinformation to put on my NACO form. In case ofquestions or conflicts, I call the person or theagency involved. The amount of time that it takesto establish a heading depends on the heading(how complicated it is to search it in OCLC, onOCLC response time, on whether or not I can typewell that day ... ). When we first began the proj-ect, we established more corporate bodies; at thispoint, I am establishing more personal names.Also, the number of headings I establish isdecreasing. I have found that the same agenciesand the same people keep publishing, so more ofthe names I use are on line now. This shouldchange if the state depository law is passed,because more agencies will be sending material.There are a lot of benefits to working with LC.Margaretta Yarborough jokes about my odirectlink to God.� ItTs true. I can just pick up the phoneif I have a question. I get the rule interpretationsas they are published instead of waiting for theCataloging Service Bulletin. Also, the rule inter-pretations are loose-leaf, so they are kept innumerical order, therefore theyre easier to use. Ido share my oexpertise� with other librarians inthe state. Many times I forward questions toNACO. They'll help with subject and series ques-tions too"well, they'll forward the question to thespecialists to get an answer.As I said, we started cataloging state docu-ments after AACR2 had been implemented.Moreover, except for some serials, I only catalogitems published from 1981 on. The nicest thing isthat we closed the old documents catalog andstarted fresh with everything AACR2. Because ofall this, I have not had to face a lot of the prob-lems that you must deal with every day due tochanges in LCTs rules. The project was still newwhen we went for the NACO training, so we justchanged our policies to meet LCTs requirements.When April called last month, she asked meto tell you what I did with regard to NACO. Isimply establish the name in AACR2 form. ITmsure my procedures are not different from whatyou do in your library to determine the AACR2form of name. I may do a little more work becauseI have to make the name unique, but there again, Imay do less because I donTt have all the otherproblems with name conflicts in my _ publiccatalog. Because of NACO, it takes more time tocatalog a book, thus it costs more. But we get a lotin return"current LC rule interpretations, LCpolicy manuals, and, best of all, personal contactwith someone at the Library of Congress on a reg-ular basis.Governor and Mrs. Martin with President Leland Park.234"North Carolina Libraries

NCLA Conference:Reports of MeetingsPanel Discussion oWind, Rain, Fire: SurvivingDisaster�About sixty people heard practical tips aswell as general information on what to do whenwind, fire or water causes damage at a library.Moderated by Janet Plummer, Forsyth CountySchools, the program was designed to give librar-ians up-to-date information of an immediate andpractical nature.Beth Mullaney, formerly of Davis Library,UNC-CH, spoke on what can be done when smoke,fire and water damage to print materials is firstdiscovered and also what steps need to be takenlater after the immediate emergency is over. She,like the following two speakers, emphasized thatone needs to stop and think before reacting to thedisaster. oPreparation can make disasters man-ageable.�Dr. Hugh Hagaman, Director of Learning Re-sources, UNC-G, gave detailed information onwhat to do when different types of audiovisualequipment and materials suffer from varioustypes of damage. He emphasized that in someareas, such as computer disks and films, littleresearch has been done or at least written up inthe professional literature. Hagaman pointed outthat, the same as when using disinfectants onpaper products damaged by water, one must relyupon a professional to repair major water dam-age done to audiovisual materials.Willie Nelms, Director of Sheppard MemorialLibrary in Greenville, spoke about what happenedwhen heavy rains poured in through an unfin-ished roof in March 1984. He stressed that takingtime to think about priorities and picking theright persons to direct different operations arevery important in reacting sensibly to disasters.He had already read NCLATs Disaster Prepared-ness: A Guide and knew the procedures to followand what outside help to call. Nelms pointed outthat almost everyone will at one time or anotherhave to face some type of disaster, perhaps in anemergency setting, in which case clear commanddecisions and directions are necessary. One mustnot panic but instead assess the situation andthen take whatever steps are necessary.A particular concern which surfaced duringthe question and answer period was convincinghigher administrators of the persistent if some-times undramatic damage done by mold. Onesuggestion from the floor was that NCLA adopt aresolution concerning damages that result fromthe lack of environmental controls in libraries.Patrick ValentineClay Animated Films: John LemmonClay animation is becoming one of the mostpopular animation media in filmmaking. Some ofthe most popular childrenTs films used in libraryprogramming are clay animated. The Will VintonStudioTs Rip Van Winkle, Martin the Cobbler, andThe Creation are just some examples. There areeven shorts oriented to adult tastes, such as WillVintonTs Closed Mondays and Jimmy PickensTJimmy the C that have been produced in clay.Charlotte filmmaker, John Lemmon, is activein clay animated films. His work has received itsbiggest audience in the form of the animatedoFood Lion� commercial seen on television. Johnhas completed a short subject film for childrentitled The Trontium Tusk. Several North Carolinalibraries have this film in their collections.The Audio-Visual Committee of the PublicLibrary section decided to take advantage of Mr.LemmonTs availability for a program at the NCLAConference in Raleigh. Librarians who programclay animated films could learn the art of clayanimation, which, as we learned, is a painstakingprocess.Mr. Lemmon demonstrated, by film andslides, how the models are fashioned into figures,how sets are made, and how depth perception onthe sets is achieved. The process for creatingmovements of the figures is a fascinating process.Mr. LemmonTs attention to detail is so completethat it took thirty minutes of production time toget a figure to blink an eye. Such movement isbarely noticeable in the finished product and tookless than a second of the film. Mr. Lemmonexplained that a thirty second film of a oFoodLion� commercial takes about six weeks of hardwork.1985 Winter"235

Mr. Lemmon answered questions from theaudience. About thirty-five people attended thissession. The Audio-Visual Committee consideredthe program a success.Art WeeksThe Freedom to Read PushThe Intellectual Freedom Committee washighly visible at the Biennial Conference inRaleigh as they attempted to contact everymember attending. They had a distribution tablein the lobby of the Civic Center which providedcopies of the Library Bill of Rights and all itsinterpretations for all participants. They encour-aged people to frame the Library Bill of Rightsand the Statement on Professional Ethics whichwere printed on high quality paper. A member ofthe Committee was at the table throughout theconference to answer questions concerning intel-lectual freedom and to give advice concerningcensorship attempts and selection policy rewrites.They also had continual video showings dur-ing the conference with the viewing room runningover with people on most viewings. Many personsrequested information on how they could obtaincopies of the videos for use in their communities.oCensorship or Selection: Choosing Books for Pub-lic Schools� is distributed by the Office for Intel-lectual Freedom, American Library Association,50 East Huron Street, Chicago, Illinois 60611 for$150. The discussion guide is $5. PEN AmericanCenter, 47 Fifth Avenue, New York, New York10003 is the source for oAn Evening of ForbiddenBooks� for $75. oLife and Liberty� featuring BurtLancaster was from People for the American Way,Suite 270 Gingko Square, 302 Jefferson Street,Raleigh, NC 27605.SIRS, Inc. provided the Committee with aluncheon on Friday with special guests James B.Hunt, Jr., George Miller, Associate SuperintendentElsie Brumback, President Park and President-Elect Myrick. Elliot and Eleanor Goldstein of SIRSand Representative Miller were honored at thegeneral session following with NCLA HonoraryMemberships due to their support of intellectualfreedom.Gene LanierCataloging Problems SolvedThe RTSS Cataloging Interest Group programduring the NCLA Biennial conference was at-tended by 95 conference participants. oCatalogingProblems and Solutions� included discussions onaudiovisual materials, led by Catherine Leonardiand Nancy Austin; serials, led by Rex Bross; andbooks, led by April Wreath, Deborah Babel, Bar-bara Cassell, and Walter High. Catalogers whoattended the program expressed strong interest"A JURY OF OEOrientation "eesCumberland County Public Library and Information CenterTs poster session featured Ricki Brown expounding on performanceappraisal of supervisors by supervisees.236"North Carolina Libraries

in having future programs similar to the one atNCLA.Elizabeth SmithRTSS Discusses Vendor ServicesThe joint program of the RTSS CollectionDevelopment and Serials Interest Groups entitledoUtilizing Vendor Services In Collection Develop-ment� was held Friday morning, October 4th from9 to 11 a.m. During the two concurrent sessionsand the final joint session, over 180 peopleattended the program.The program covered three separate topics:oUtilizing Vendor Services in the School LibraryEnvironment�; oUtilizing Vendor Services In ThePublic Library Environment�, and oUtilizing Ven-dor Services in the Academic Library Environ-ment�, An impressive array of organizations werefeatured during the program. Speakers includedrepresentatives from Faxon, EBSCO, Brodart,Bound-To-Stay-Bound, Ingram, Baker & Taylor,Yankee Book Peddler, and Blackwell North Amer-ican. The speakers each spent approximately 15minutes discussing the various services, pro-grams, and special features they have to assistlibraries in building collections.Some of the highlights included: Mr. BobMallTs discussion of BrodartTs Elementary SchoolLibrary Collection: A Guide to Books and OtherMedia; Larry PriceTs comments concerningIngramTs new laser technology and DouglasDuchinTs explanation of Yankee Book PeddlerTsspecialized blanket order plans.At the end of all the sessions, the panelistsanswered an entire range of questions concerningboth specific vendor services as well as generalissues facing libraries and vendors today.Harry TuchmayerTrustees Section Focuses on LiteracyThe Trustee Section presented a panel onliteracy on Thursday, October 3, at the NCLABiennial Conference. Panelists included AnneTindall, president of the North Carolina LiteracyAssociation; Barbara Bail, Hoke Reading andLiteracy Council; Catherine (Kitty) Smith, Adultand General Consultant, Division of State Library;and Katherine Y. Armitage, director of the Hay-wood County Public Library. The Trustees alsoenjoyed a successful luncheon with the HonorablePatric G. Dorsey, Secretary of the North CarolinaDepartment of Cultural Resources, as guestspeaker. Officers for the next biennium elected atthe luncheon were Irene Hairston, vice-chair-man/chairman-elect; Dorothy Brower, Cumber-land County Public Library board, secretary;Barbara Page, Hyconeechee Regional Libraryboard and John Wooten, Wayne County Public|||giltAt this poster session, Cindy Jones sold merchandising the Forsyth County Public Library way.1985 Winter"237

Library board, directors. In-coming chairman ofthe Trustees Section is Jake Killian.J. A. KillianDocuments Section MeetsThe speaker for the Documents Section meet-ing on Oct. 3 was Jim Bryan, a research analystwith the North Carolina Center for Public PolicyResearch. He is a 1981 graduate of the Universityof North Carolina at Chapel Hill, with a B.A.degree in American Studies.Mr. Bryan gave a brief background on theCenter. It is a nonprofit, nonpartisan organizationthat studies state government and monitors legis-lation. It has a staff of ten that is divided into twosections, magazine and research.His topic was oHow to Affect Public Policy,�and his comments included tips on having inputon public policy:1. Tactfulness"DonTt threaten elected officials; it willmake them do the opposite of what you want.2. Specifics"Be as specific as you can in dealing with offi-cials; also be sure to communicate the specifics such as howmuch money and what for.3. Point of input"Work at the committee level; start earlyto get involved with the correct level. (Know who is on the Cul-tural Resources and Appropriations Committees"cultivate,them and present specifics to them.)4, oSeeing is believingT"Take decision makers to see theproblem.5. Writing"Put position in writing; limit to one page; inparagraph one, tell what you want the official to do; donTt usejargon/buzz words; write simply.6. Fact sheets"Do homework on facts, issues and peopleinvolved; donTt hide facts"they will see the holes; develop trust;present facts fairly; be concise and complete.7. Members"Use members in oneTs group; numbers areimpressive and show strength; have as many people call or writedecision makers as possible; donTt contact just one person on acommittee"contact all; also check with opponents and let themknow your position"they may not understand your position.This publicationis availablein microformfrom UniversityMicrofilmsInternational.Call toll-free 800-521-3044. In Michigan,Alaska and Hawaii call collect 313-761-4700. Ormail inquiry to: University Microfilms International,300 North Zeeb Road, Ann Arbor, MI 48106.238"North Carolina Libraries8. Other groups"Get other groups with similar concernsto also contact decision makers and to endorse your resolution.9. Personal visits"North CarolinaTs government is open, sogo to see decision makers and ask them pointblank but diplo-matically if they support your position.10. Opposition"Call them and also meet with them; try towork for compromise; even if they donTt compromise, you willunderstand their position and can argue effectively against it.11. Study commissions"If proposal is about to die andthere is an option for a study commission, take it; however, thisusually means the ograveyard.�12. Thanking somebody"When you get help and get whatyou want, then thank everyone involved, either verbally or in aletter.Mr. Bryan then answered questions from theaudience. Some additional suggestions that hemade were:Do not lobby on work time; try to get friends to help lobby.A proposal can be initiated either outside or within stategovernment"it is done both ways.Get as many people both outside and within state govern-ment to promise support beforehand.When things get moving, call every day to clerks to checkfloor calendars; call secretaries of committee chairmen veryearly in the morning to find out the agenda"it is very importantto be at committee meetings and be prepared to comment. Alobbyist can be hired to do this if you have the funds. If you canTthave volunteers or lobbyists attend meetings, then it is impor-tant to cultivate friendships with staff and legislators who willattend (make sure they do appear at the meetings). You muststay on top of everything. Cheryl McLeanFOREIGN BOOKSand PERIODICALSCURRENT OR OUT-OF-PRINTSPECIALTIES:Search ServiceIrregular SerialsInternational CongressesBuilding Special CollectionsALBERT J. PHIEBIG INC.Box 352, White Plains, N..Y. 10602

NCLA Minutescount PUBLC LERARY fLaura Davidson told conference-goers about the success of Rockingham County Public LibraryTs literacy project at this postersession.g NCLA President Leland Park and incoming President Pauline Myrick beam at close of what many termed the mostOutgoinsuccessful conference ever.1985 Winter"239

New North Carolina BooksAlice R. Cotten, CompilerWilliam D. Snider. Helms and Hunt: The NorthCarolina Senate Race, 1984. Chapel Hill: Univer-sity of North Carolina Press, 1985. 215 pp. $9.50paper. ISBN 0-8078-4132-3.After enduring the campaignTs 20,000 televi-sion commercials, including 7,800 in the last fiveweeks, many Tar Heels may still shudder at thethought of the stateTs 1984 U.S. Senate race. Butfor those wishing to reexamine one of the OldNorth StateTs most colorful, bitter, and fascinatingelections, William D. SniderTs Helms and Hunt:The North Carolina Senate Race, 1984 offers anexcellent starting point.Snider, retired editor of the Greensboro Newsand Record, has written a highly readable andentertaining account of a contest the nationalnews media early on labeled othe second mostimportant race in the nation,� after only the pres-idential. The struggle pitted two popular and suc-cessful politicians with different views of the roleof government and separated in age by seventeenyears, but from similar rural, church-orientedbackgrounds. When the dust settled, incumbentSenator Jesse A. Helms had bested two-term Gov-ernor James B. Hunt, Jr., by 86,280 votes out of2,239,061 cast. In the process, $25,000,000 inreported expenditures had been spent, the moston a Senate race in U.S. history.In Helms and Hunt, Snider begins with a well-researched account of the early lives of the twocontestants. The reader learns of HelmsTs Monroechildhood; of his tenure as a sports writer for theRaleigh News and Observer, by 1984 a bitter poli-tical opponent; and of his career as a Raleigh tele-vision editorialist, in which he gained valuableexposure from 1960 to 1972. Snider depicts Huntas an ambitious, hard-working, and intense youth,one intrigued by politics at an early age. Anadmirer of moderate and liberal Democrats, theWilson County farm boy nicknamed his cows forHubert Humphrey and Kerr Scott, as well as forhis girlfriends. The author uses such anecdotesthroughout the book, not only to enliven his writ-ing, but also to illustrate the lighter side of twoshrewd politicians and two professionally runcampaigns.240"North Carolina LibrariesAfter sketching the pre-1984 political careersof Helms and Hunt, Snider turns to the senatorialcontest, a contest he points out started manymonths before the November 6 voting. He arguesthat the Helms decision to commence anti-Hunttelevision ads in April 1983 was one of the mostsignificant of the campaign. Unable to find manymajor blemishes in HuntTs gubernatorial record,the Helms forces chose to concentrate theirattack on the governorTs credibility and integrity.Over the next twenty months, the Helms themeoWhere do you stand, Jim,� repeated in variationsthousands of times on television and radio and inprint, weakened voter trust in Hunt. The governorwas never able to seize fully the initative andmake HelmsTs record the campaign focus.In roughly chronological order, Snider re-counts the major issues and events of the contest.Topics from Social Security to the federal tobaccoprogram, from unsuccessful gubernatorial candi-date Eddie KnoxTs defection from Democraticranks to HuntTs refusal to halt the November 2execution of convicted murderer Velma Barfield,receive careful treatment. The authorTs career asa political reporter and observer serves him well.Snider concludes with a brief but good dis-cussion of why Helms won and Hunt lost. Futurehistorians, with the advantage of time, will offermore detailed analysis. Having been rushed toprint barely three months after the votes werecast, Helms and Hunt was not intended as thedefinitive study of the election. Nevertheless, thedecision to omit footnotes, bibliography, and in-dex is regrettable. But the book still offers thereader a well-crafted account of a monumentalpolitical battle. It belongs in all North Carolinapublic and academic libraries.Robert G. Anthony, Jr., Public Library of Charlotte and Meck-lenburg CountyNancy Sweezy. Raised in Clay: The SouthernPottery Tradition. Washington, D.C.: Smithso-nian Institution Press for the Office of FolklifePrograms, 1984. 280 pp. $39.95 cloth, ISBN 0-87474-860-7; $19.95 paper, ISBN 0-87474-859-3.This book, written in conjunction with anexhibition organized by the Smithsonian Office of

Folklife Programs, concentrates on the thirty-fivesouthern potteries that continue carrying thepre-industrial traditions of the craft. The author,herself a potter with thirty years of experience,lived and worked for twelve years at Jugtown Pot-tery in Seagrove, North Carolina. Her experienceenabled her to conduct the fieldwork and writethe study with a clear grasp of the historicalbackground, and an impressive understanding ofthe technology used in traditional pottery mak-ing.The potteries included in the study aregrouped by the type of ware that they produce.Nine of the potteries work in the utilitarianstoneware tradition, seven produce primarilyunglazed horticultural ware, and nineteen areknown for the glazed ware developed in the twen-tieth century. Excerpts from the numerous inter-views with the individual potters are quotedverbatim; their reminiscences, professional knowl-edge, and comments on the continual adaptationto the changing needs of buyers communicate in adirect, honest, and unpretentious way their lovefor their craft.The well placed illustrations consist of photo-graphs of the potters at work and their wares, aswell as drawings of various potteries and theirequipment. In the layout, the captions to thecolored photographs represent the only irritatingflaw; they are designed to fill a pre-determinedrectangular space regardless of the ensuing illogi-cal divisions in the description. The book includesextensive bibliography. Since not all the potterieslisted in the table of contents are known by thename of the owner, an index would have beenhelpful. The publication is well bound on papermeeting standards for performance and quality.This book is essential for collections strong indecorative arts and is also recommended for col-lections of North Caroliniana.Anna Dvorak, North Carolina Museum of ArtWeeks Parker, Fayetteville, North Carolina: aPictorial History. Edited by Reginald M. Barton,Jr., Josephine H. Deem, Allene A. Moffitt. Chapterintroductions by Reginald M. Barton, Jr. Norfolk:Donning Company, 1984. 208 pp. $25.00 (Orderfrom Historic Fayetteville Foundation, P.O. Box1507, Fayetteville 28302).James Vickers. Chapel Hill: an Illustrated His-tory. Thomas Scism"illustrations. Dixon Qualls"color photography. Chapel Hill: Barclay Pub-lishers, 1985. 208 pp. $24.95 less 20% for libraries.(P.0. Box 739, Carrboro 27510). ISBN 0-9614429-0-5.New North Carolina BooksAlthough they are in some ways as differentas night and day, these pictorial histories have atleast three things in common. First, they providevaluable views of and information about citiesthat have changed dramatically during the twen-tieth century. Second, each book boasts out-standing components. And, unfortunately, avariety of shortcomings detract from the qualityof both works.Weeks Parker succeeded in his twenty-yearquest to preserve images of FayettevilleTs past.Fayetteville, North Carolina: a Pictorial His-tory inspires the reader with a collection of over350 fascinating views of people, events, buildings,and objects, which were assembled with the helpof many individuals and organizations, includingthe Fayetteville Publishing Company. Many of thephotographs depict action, and a few of themspan two pages. The photographsT age, size, andlayout combine to make this a fine picture book.Even though Mr. Weeks intended his bookpartly as a visual supplement to John A. OatesTsFayetteville, North Carolina (1950), many read-ers will be disappointed with its text and otherfeatures. The bibliography of eight items hardlydents even the secondary sources pertaining toFayetteville. Chapter introductions of one or twopages fail to provide an adequate understandingof FayettevilleTs development as a city or its placein North Carolina history. Most of the picture cap-tions lack mention of sources, and the indexleaves much to be desired. Finally, the photo-graphs and narrative provide an unbalanced viewof the city. The reader is left to wonder why thebook virtually ignores the role of blacks or thedevelopment of FayettevilleTs somewhat negativeimage after World War II.In producing Chapel Hill: an IllustratedHistory, a book of higher quality than his firstpictorial history, Raleigh: City of Oaks (1982),James Vickers avoided some of the drawbacks inFayetteville. The lively, well-written text reflectsconsiderable research in primary and secondarysources, many of which are recorded in the bookTsselected bibliography. Vickers succeeded in writ-ing a balanced history of Chapel Hill itself,although the extensive narrative also discusses indetail the origin and development of the Univer-sity of North Carolina. The book is not merely asummary of several histories of the university,however. The reader learns much about ChapelHillTs physical development and the businesses,churches, schools, and other institutions thatexisted at different periods. Chapel HillTs firstfamilies share the book with average citizens andminorities, and the seamy side of life does not1985 Winter"241

New North Carolina Booksescape discussion. Delightful quotations andanecdotes enliven many pages.One wishes that as much thought had beendirected toward other aspects of Chapel Hill.Although Dixon QuallTs forty-six color illustra-tions of present-day Chapel Hill please the eye,the content and layout of many of the 200-oddblack-and-white illustrations are of little interest.oMug� shots and other small photographs pre-dominate. Although Thomas Scism attempted tolocate photographs in private hands, the vastmajority of those included in the book came fromthe North Carolina Collection at the University ofNorth Carolina and the State Archives. Surelyother repositories could have yielded additionalviews. The extensive captions expand on subjectsmentioned in the text but often do not reveal theorigin of the illustrations. The index gives littleguidance to readers who seek subjects instead ofnames.Both of these books increase our knowledgeof the subjects they address. Public and academiclibraries with North Carolina or local history col-lections may want to add these titles, but librar-ians in institutions located some distance fromChapel Hill and Fayetteville should carefullyweigh the cost of the books against interest ofpatrons.Maurice C. York, Edgecombe County Memorial LibraryMike Collins. North Carolina JobhunterTs Hand-book: A Guide to Finding Your Best Job inNorth Carolina! Raleigh: FAN Publishing Com-pany, 1985. 142 pp. $6.00 paper (includes tax,postage, handling). ISBN 0-932179-00-2.Books on job-seeking have appeared withincreasing frequency and in proliferating numbersduring the past decade; and with workersresponding to a changing society and the ensuingchanging marketplace, they have been popularsellers..As a result, many writers who have littleexpertise in the fields of career counseling andjob-seeking have published books that at best addlittle to the literature, and at worst provideunhelpful advice to individuals who need moreeffective assistance.North Carolina JobhunterTs Handbook: AGuide to Finding Your Best Job in North Caro-lina! does not fall into that category. While itscontent is a little formulaic, and with slightchanges could be used to write jobhunting guidesfor forty-nine other states as well as North Caro-lina, the advice given has been culled from the bestof the job-seeking literature currently available242"North Carolina Librariesand is presented in clear, concise fashion. Briefdiscussions of geography, economy, educationpatterns, and employment history and trends inNorth Carolina open the book. Regional mapsthat delineate the major areas of the state pro-vide visual indication of specific geographicalsites for those unfamiliar with the state.There follow several chapters on the jobsearch process. These include brief but adequateexplanations of the importance of career plan-ning, the accessibility of information regardingcareers, the techniques and tools of job hunting(specifically resumes and interviews), and thevarious sources of information about specificopenings that are available to a jobseeker. Theauthor spells out federal, state, and local agenciesthat provide assistance and job opportunity.Some special sections deal matter-of-factlywith the stress that accompanies any job search,as well as the unique difficulties that special pop-ulations such as minorities, women, the handi-capped, older workers, and inexperienced stu-dents may face.Extensive appendixes list the major manu-facturing and non-manufacturing companies inthe state, power companies, law enforcementdepartments, telephone companies, televisionand radio stations, hospitals, financial institu-tions, and the like. Although the informationgiven is minimal, each does provide a quick refer-ence point for identifying specific kinds of organi-zations that may hire in a field of interest.Additional appendixes include lists of relevantperiodicals and publications, helpful books, man-uals, and directories, and information to assist inpreparing a resume and in readying for questionslikely to be included in employment interviews.North Carolina JobhunterTs Handbook: AGuide to Finding Your Best Job in North Caro-lina! is by no means the definitive source on thejob search process or on the organizations thatprovide good employment opportunities for jobhunters in the state. It is not a directory ofemployers, and anyone seeking a.position in thestate needs to consult a number of such sourcesfor more comprehensive information about com-panies. It does not claim to be that, however, andis useful in its own way as a good review of majoremploying organizations in North Carolina andthe process involved in successfully seeking workin them. It is recommended for public, academic,and school libraries as an initial source to be sup-plemented by use of more specific directory mate-rials.Pat Carpenter, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill

George K. Schweitzer. North Carolina Genea-logical Research. Knoxville, TN, 1984. 192 pp.$9.00 paper. (Order from Genealogical Sources,Unitd., 7914 Gleason, C-1136, Knoxville, TN37919)Dr. Schweitzer, author of books dealing withthe genealogy of Tennessee, Virginia, South Caro-lina, the Revolutionary War, the Civil War, and theWar of 1812, has prepared a detailed and com-prehensive guideline to genealogical research inNorth Carolina.The book is broken down into four chapters,each chapter dealing with a specific area of NorthCarolina genealogical research. Chapter 1 con-tains a brief description of the geography of thestate, followed by a short history in whichSchweitzer describes how both the geography andhistory of North Carolina relate to genealogiclresearch.Chapter 2, the largest section of the book,discusses the many types of records that areavailable for North Carolina genealogical re-search. Schweitzer covers thirty-four types ofrecords in this chapter, among them birth, death,court, land, probate, census, and military. As anexample, the section on Military Records firstdefines the kinds of records a researcher canexpect to find"service, pension, bounty land,claims, and military unit history"tells which ofthese records are available for each militaryperiod in the state, and then tells how to locatethose records for certain historical periods.Chapter 3 deals with locations of records,discussing in great detail the North Carolina StateArchives, North Carolina State Library, the libraryat the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill,the library at Duke University, and the libraries ofthe Genealogical Society of Utah. For North Carol-ina libraries, hours of operation are given, rulesand regulations for working in the libraries, loca-tions of materials within the libraries, and how toproceed with research once you have entered thelibrary. For researchers visiting Raleigh, he listsmotels (with addresses and telephone numbers)within walking distance or a short drive fromNorth Carolina State Archives and State Library.Records Procedure and County Listings arecovered in Chapter 4. After identifying the ances-torTs county, Schweitzer suggests several ap-proaches for undertaking research in NorthCarolina, recommending as the best approachone in which the researcher first exhausts theresources of libraries near his home, then search-es the collections at the North Carolina StateArchives and the North Carolina State Library,New North Carolina Booksand perhaps the libraries at the University ofNorth Carolina at Chapel Hill and Duke Univer-sity, and then going to the county seat to doresearch at the local library and the courthouse.Most of this chapter consists of a list of each ofthe counties in North Carolina, giving countyseats and zip codes, records available in thecounty and where they are located, and locationsof libraries in the county.If there is a fault with this book, it is in theuse of abbreviations which can be troublesome attimes. NCSA (North Carolina State Archives),NCSL (North Carolina State Library), BLGSU(Branch Libraries of the Genealogical Society ofUtah), and LGL (large genealogical libraries) area few among the many abbreviations that dot thepages. The book, however, is generally easy to use,gives excellent advice to researchers, and is thor-ough in its coverage. It belongs in every genealogylibrary in the state"as well as in the hands ofeveryone who undertakes genealogical researchin North Carolina.Beth Young, Cannon Memorial Library, KannapolisAll EBSCO systems are designed with onemajor goal in mind: to simplify your serialstransactions. No matter how big your library is,how small, or how specialized, we can providethe professional services you expect.CONTACT EBSCO"LETTS TALK SERVICE.8000 Forbes Place, Suite 204Springfield, VA 22151(703) 321-9630(800) 368-3290(800) 533-1591 (Virginia Only)| 3150, 6 @)SUBSCRIPTION SERVICES1985 Winter"243

New North Carolina BooksArchie K. Davis. Boy Colonel of the Confeder-acy: The Life and Times of Henry King Burg-wyn, Jr. Chapel Hill: University of North CarolinaPress, 1985. 406 pp. $29.95. ISBN 0-8078-1647-7.Harry Burgwyn commanded the 26th NorthCarolina Infantry, one of the most remarkableregiments in the Confederate army. The unitTsfirst colonel, Zebulon B. Vance, became governorin 1862 after a brief military career. Burgwyn,who succeeded Vance at age nineteen, was amongRobert E. LeeTs youngest field officers. UnderBurgwynTs leadership, the 26th entered the Get-tysburg campaign in July, 1863. Here it earned themelancholy distinction of the greatest regimentalloss of the Civil War: a staggering 88% casualtyrate in two days of bloody fighting. Among thedead was the Boy Colonel, struck down on JulyIst as his regiment struggled to repel the UnionIron Brigade from McPhersonTs Woods.Although best remembered for his militaryachievements, Burgwyn is a worthy biographicalsubject for other reasons as well. Born in 1841, hewas the son of a Northampton County planterwho was one of the first Southerners to applyengineering and scientific technology to agricul-ture. His mother, Anne Greenough Burgwyn,belonged to a prominent Massachusetts familywhose ancestors included Governor IncreaseSumner and Jonathan Edwards. Mature, intelli-gent, ambitious, gifted by heredity and breeding,and a born leader, young Burgwyn doubtlesscould have anticipated a brilliant civilian careerhad not the war intervened. But his talents weresubsumed in the secession crisis and in an intenselonging for military glory. His life exemplifiedmany of the better qualities which the Southernplantation system was capable of producing,while his death underlined the war's tragichuman cost, both to the region and to the nationas a whole.Archie K. Davis's biography is itself anaccomplishment of note. A lifelong devotee of thelate unpleasantness, Davis completed graduatestudies in history at the University of North Caro-lina at Chapel Hill following his retirement aschairman of the Wachovia Corporation. His dis-sertation, based on the extensive Burgwyn FamilyPapers in the Southern Historical Collection was1500 pages long. Yet, out of modesty, he declinedthe Ph.D. degree (settling instead for a ocertificateof recognition� from the university) and resistedpublication of his work. Only after ten years, andconsiderable persuasion, did he consent to revisethe dissertation into its present form.Students of the Civil War are fortunate that244"North Carolina LibrariesDavis eventually changed his mind. To be sure,those with considerable previous knowledge mayfind his style discursive. As Davis traces the warthroughout Virginia and the Carolinas, Burgwynfrequently disappears for pages at a time. Despiteimpressive background research, Davis also over-looked at least two manuscript sources known tothis reviewer that relate to the 26th regiment: theLeonidas Lafayette Polk Papers at the SouthernHistorical Collection, and the privately owned W.W. oBuck� Edwards Letters, of which portionshave been published. Finally, the absence of a bib-liography is surprising in a volume produced by amajor university press. These are, however, rela-tively minor flaws that do not harm the overallvalue of the book.Boy Colonel of the Confederacy is both anoutstanding biography and a significant contribu-tion to the historiography of this state. Every col-lection of North Caroliniana should include it.Everard H. Smith, University of North Carolina at Chapel HillLewis W. Green. The Silence of Snakes. Winston-Salem: John F. Blair, Publisher, 1984. 343 pp.$15.95. ISBN 0-89587-040-1.North Carolina native Lewis W. Green is nostranger to the people and customs of the NorthCarolina mountains, as evidenced in his secondnovel, The Silence of Snakes. Formerly a report-er and a teacher of journalism, Green uses wordsin a manner so powerful and evocative as toplunge his readers into the very center of his fic-tional world. The images he conjures are often toovivid, too painful, too ugly; his words are disturb-ing, wrenching. The Silence of Snakes is not aneasy book to read; it is not a pretty story, and itcould only have been told in this way.The mountain community that is home toGreenTs characters is not peaceful and pictur-esque. The image of snakes runs through thisnovel"silent and deadly, the poison that per-vades the lives of these suspicious, superstitious,proud men and women. Alcohol is an importantforce"from the brilliant yet alcoholic reporterPaul Fortune who nearly destroys himself bydrinking, to the Skiller familyTs infamous moon-shine business, the influence of alcohol on GreenTscharacters is unmistakable and frightening. Inthis novel, the line dividing good and evil is farfrom distinct. Characters are not either sympa-thetic or despicable"they have the frailties andweaknesses born of a life filled with too manyhardships, disappointments, and injustices. Andyet, they display a fierce loyalty to family andfriends, concern for the welfare of a seriously ill

child, commitment to fairness and justice in thetrial of an unquestionably guilty man.Green exposes his readers to feelings andevents that most of us would prefer to avoid. Histalent for description and insight makes usunderstand, makes us feel the pain that coulddrive a man to madness, to murder withoutremorse. The crime in the story is unthinkable, yetin the end, the reader cannot be sure which sideto take.The Silence of Snakes begins with a birth"painful, frightening, mysterious. Death ends thenovel"the final silence. GreenTs novel is not com-forting, not a pleasant, mindless diversion. Thisexcellent effort evidences a keen journalistic eye,tremendous awareness and knowledge of moun-tain life, and a rare talent for evoking with thewritten word images that bring to life charactersand places and moments and emotions. A trulydisturbing and insightful portrait of a slice ofNorth Carolina life.Julie Sanders, Forsyth County Public LibraryLinda Brown Bragg. Rainbow Roun Mah Shoul-der. Chapel Hill: Carolina Wren Press, 1984. 133pp. $6.00 paper. (300 Barclay Road, Chapel Hill27514) ISBN 0-932112-20-X.oIt is you who belong to God, not me. You arethe real priest.� Those were the words spoken toher by Father Theodore Canty on that last nightin the sanctuary of St. Ignatius Church. It wasthen that she accepted the growing knowledgethat she had been blessed with special powers tolove and heal.At twenty-two, Rebecca Florice was a tallreed of a girl and handsome in a Creole way thatdrove her black husband, Mac, to desperation ashe felt them drift apart. There was a ostrangeness�about her that he had never understood, norcould he accept that she was somehow mixed upwith God and that awesome gift. He left her, run-ning away in a rage of confusion, screamingcurses, calling her crazy and unfaithful. oShecould still hear his voice fighting the enormity ofthe ocean. The sea gulls whined; she understood,and wrapped herself up for the night in theslicker Mac had left behind.�It was 1919, and Rebecca was living in thehome of her sister. She and Mac had come there,to eastern North Carolina, to escape their dis-content and unhappiness in New Orleans. Sheplanted the magic herb seeds that she hadbrought with her, and the gardens thrived everyyear.Sipping chamomile tea one evening on theNew North Carolina Booksporch with her friend, Alice, Rebecca suddenlyrecognized the meaning of the ogrowls of sound�that crossed the dark distance separating themfrom the lynch mob. She had known that after-noon in town that trouble was in the air, and shesat silently on the porch throughout the hour thatit took to kill.When her sister, Marie, and her husbanddecide to leave Jacksonville, Rebecca Florice andAlice go to Greensboro to take jobs cooking in astruggling Negro college. Rebecca becomes a sta-ble, respected member of the campus community,and in her own small way helps uphold its tradi-tion as oa college Black folk could be proud of.�Rebecca Florice also finds the ReverendRobert Brown, pastor of the Mount Olive AMEZion Church. The Reverend Brown owas not thesame intellectual Theodore [Canty] had been, buthe had roots of wisdom that scoured the earth foranswers.� He discovers strength in RebeccaTs lovethat helps him denounce from his pulpit theinjustices of a town that would jail an innocentyoung black on a trumped up murder charge andallow his mysterious death behind bars to gouninvestigated and unanswered. Though fearingfor the safety of his family when the Klan burnscrosses in the yard of his home, he invites theNAACP to meet in his church, and he continueshis crusade as president of its local chapter.Because he is a just man, Robert Brown isunable to reconcile his love and passion forRebecca with his sense of duty and loyalty to hiswife. He seeks and accepts a call to a church inanother state thus ending a relationship that hasbecome consuming for Rebecca.The author, in discussing her writing, ex-plains that her omajor emphasis is always to givelife to the concrete world through imaginativework so that it will speak of the great mysteries.�The book is a chronicle of Rebecca FloriceTsministry to those who are loved by her and healedthrough her powers. The central characters andmany of the minor ones are richly drawn againstthe background of the NegroTs struggle to attainjustice and position in a society that has onlygrudgingly begun to recognize his unalienablerights. The author's voice is one of authority for itis the consciousness of her own people.That Linda Bragg is a poet is evident in herdescriptive prose. It winds itself like wisteria vinearound the dramatic and the mundane, thehumorous and the tragic. Like Rebecca Florice,she understands the ostruggle betwen bread andincense.�Linda Bragg is a lecturer at the University ofNorth Carolina at Greensboro where she teaches1985 Winter"245

New North Carolina BooksAfro-American literature and creative writing.Her teaching emphasizes osubjects such as theuses of imagination and the connection betweenthe sacred and the artistic.� Though this is herfirst published novel, she has written poetry sincethe age of fourteen and has been published in anumber of periodicals and an anthology titledBeyond the Blues. A book of her own poems, ALove Song to Black Men, was published byBroadside Press in 1974.Rainbow Roun Mah Shoulder is a book forthe general reader and the student of creativewriting. It is recommended for public and aca-demic libraries, and it should be essential to anycollection of contemporary black literature.Rebecca Ballentine, University of North Carolina at ChapelHillC.J. Puetz. North Carolina County Maps. LyndonStation, WIL: C. J. Puetz. 156 pp. Index. $10.90.(Available from County Maps, 300 Buck JonesRoad, Raleigh 27606.)North Carolina County Maps is one of tencounty map books published by C. J. Puetz. Otherstates for which similar county map publicationsare available include South Carolina, Tennessee,Kentucky, and Florida.This is a nice general reference resource fortransportation and recreation information inmap format. The maps are clear and easy to read.The publisher has reproduced the black andwhite county highway maps published by theNorth Carolina Department of Transportation atthe scale of 1� = 2 miles. The scale of some coun-ties has been slightly reduced. The maps arearranged in double page spread format (22T x 16�)with larger counties covered on two pages. Inter-state highways are depicted in blue and recrea-tional areas are represented with blue symbols.County seats, state and national parks andforests, wildlife refuges, museums and _ historicsites, ferries, lighthouses, and ski areas are high-lighted. Two small inset maps appear with eachcounty: a key to county location within the state,and a key to county road numbers.Accompanying each map is a brief text whichincludes county seat, short historical notes, and,for most counties, some recreational information.Short descriptions of state parks appear with theappropriate county. This county informationseems to have been compiled from a variety ofsources. The N.C. Wildlife Commission, the N.C.Travel and Tourism Division, and the Division ofParks and Recreation are acknowledged. Portionsof the historical notes are identical to citations in246"North Carolina LibrariesWilliam S. Powell's The North Carolina Gazet-teer.Unfortunately, there are minor errors in thetext. When the reader is unfamiliar with a coun-tyTs history or points of interest, he should consultadditional guidebooks for more complete infor-mation, for the scope of this atlas is not extensiveenough to encompass all points of interest andrecreation in North Carolina. There are threetypes of mistakes in the text: typographical/edit-ing errors for place names (e.g., AppalachianNational Forest for Pisgah National Forest andKnott's landing for KnottTs Island); incorrect loca-tion (e.g., Bridal Veil Falls cited on the wrongriver); and misleading descriptions (e.g., StagvillePlantation in Durham County, noted as StagvilleCenter for Preservation Technology, appears to bepart of the Duke University campus). A few errorswere also found in state road numbers, dates,index listings, and the alphabetical arrangementin the content list. The maps may be consulted forspelling, location, and road numbers.Depite errors in the county descriptions,North Carolina County Maps is a handy re-source. Recommended for all libraries.Celia D. Poe, University of North Carolina at Chapel HillEdwin M. Yoder, Jr. The Night of the Old SouthBall and Other Essays and Fables. Oxford, MS:Yoknapatawpha Press, 1984. 248 pp. $13.95. ISBN0-916242-53-6.The title of Edwin YoderTs The Night of theOld South Ball is taken from that of the firstessay, which humorously recalls the author'sremembrance of his college roommateTs attend-ance at the Kappa Alpha OrderTs Old South Ball.It is a wonderful parody, told as a mock epic, ofthe seriousness of the southern concept ofnoblesse oblige carried to an extreme. The room-mate, whom Yoder refers to as Altgeld, has beenfitted for the occasion in a rented generalTs uni-form ocomplete with epaulettes and ceremonialsword.� Though Altgeld leaves triumphantly forthe ball in his Confederate finery, his return homeat a much later hour wearing only his under-shorts causes Yoder to suspect that othe generalhad been failed by both God and women.�The above essay is one of several the authortells with wit and good fun in this first publishedcollection of essays by the nationally-syndicatedPulitzer Prize-winning journalist now based inWashington D.C. Yoder, whose hometown isMebane, N.C., is a graduate of the University ofNorth Carolina at Chapel Hill and a formerRhodes Scholar. While at Chapel Hill, he was edi-

tor of the Daily Tar Heel. He went on to work atthe Charlotte News, the Greensboro Daily News,the Washington Star and the Washington Post,writing essays from which these eighty-eight wereselected.One of YoderTs strong points is his keen inter-est in and awareness of history and the workingsof historical processes. His best historical and po-litical pieces are reflections on the South, theregion that has nurtured his intellect, whichinvolve assessing the region itself as well as de-scribing the figures that have inhabited it. Hechallenges ohistorical misconceptions,� such asthe charge that Thomas Jefferson was guilty ofmiscegenation. His praise of a biography of HueyLong, the oKingfish� of Louisiana politics, becomesa lucid discussion of the man and southern poli-tics in the turbulent 1920s and 30s. Essays onlater southern politicians, especially Jimmy Car-ter, are equally lucid and pertinent and help tocast light on the ever-growing debate about theefficacy of CarterTs presidency and on his oenig-matic� personality.The book is entertaining reading becauseYoderTs range of subjects is so wide. The author isas much at home discussing the works ofFlannery OTConnor as he is recalling the malapro-pism issued by Coach Weems every time he lec-tured on obenevolent depots� in his history class.Some of the essays are too short, probably due totime and space limitations imposed on journal-ists. Still, this collection would be better if Yoderhad expanded some of the essays, especially thepolitical ones. As they are, these essays showglimpses of insight but, for the most part, contrib-ute nothing new.The book is recommended for adult nonfic-tion collections.Jim Chapman, Public Library of Charlotte & MecklenburgCountyT. R. Pearson, A Short History of a Small Place.New York: Simon & Schuster, 1985. 381 pp. $16.95.ISBN: 0-671-54352-0.Following the pattern of southern story-tellers who sit on their front porches and remem-ber owhen,� T. R. PearsonTs A Short History of aSmall Place travels through bits and pieces ofthe more eccentric moments of Neely, a fictionalsouthern town in the northern Piedmont of NorthCarolina. The novel reads like a front porch talk,as olittle Louis Benfield� tells us what his Daddyhas told him. This is the way of oral history, andPearson has a good knack for the fictionalizedkind.New North Carolina BooksThe story is held together by Daddy, Momma,and Louis Benfield, a small family of onormal�people in comparison with the more eccentriccharacters of the town. Louis wanders through afew decades of NeelyTs history, including the taleof the Epperson sisters and a cousin who go aboutgetting the townspeople to sign a petition acknowl-edging that they are indeed triplets. And whyshouldn't they be? There seems to be no goodrationale in the minds of the Neelyites for denyingthese three their otriplet-hood� if that makes themhappy. Another character is oMr. Britches,� amonkey who doesnTt seem to enjoy wearing theclothes that Miss Pettigrew, the mayorTs sister,wants him to wear. But he does enjoy hanging outon the top of a flag pole and causing a ruckus.There is a typical range of people from richfamilies to poor families. But in all this diversitythere is a very conscious acknowledgment by allpeople that they must and do live together. Thelittle habits that each person has and the odiffer-ent� things each does keep the town interesting.Neely seems to appreciate, at least through theeyes of the Benfield family, all of the eccentricitiesof their neighbors and each other. For instance,Momma Benfield washes dishes over and over,staring out the kitchen window, when somethinghappens that she needs to think about in silence.Daddy and Louis Benfield just let her be alonewhen she washes dishes. And by the same token,Momma Benfield puts up with Daddy's smokinghabit. They have an agreement that he will notcarry oany means of making fire,� so he has hiddenmatches all over town; and as Louis notes, omorethan once I myself had watched him turn over arock at TadlockTs pond and pluck a full, un-weathered matchbox out from among the antsand the nightcrawlers.�Through the many digressions of Louis, whoseems to have a good sense of how things tietogether in the community, we learn much abouthow many small towns operate. Though theevents are fictional, their possibility is very real,especially to all who feel as if they have met thecousins of the character in PearsonTs book.One of the best aspects of A Short History ofa Small Place is that it doesnTt have to be read inone sitting. You can take as much time to read itas necessary without losing the flavor of the book,just as you can talk on the porch about a subject,go off and get tea or a snack, return to the frontporch, and maybe take up where you left off ormaybe just go on to something else, knowing it willall come back together in the end.Pearson has written a novel that is funny,controlled in its digressive ways, and well worth1985 Winter"247

New North Carolina Booksreading for its little insights into a small town andthe people who live there, together. Recom-mended for all fiction collections.Virginia A. Moore, University of North Carolina, Chapel HillOther Publications of InterestInns of the Southern Mountains: One Hun-dred Scenic and Historic Hostelries from Virgi-nia to Georgia by Patricia L. Hudson would be agood addition to the travel section of public andacademic libraries. This 160-page volume coversinns in the mountain regions of Virginia, West Vir-ginia, Kentucky, Tennessee, North Carolina, andGeorgia. Nearly half (forty-nine) of the inns are inNorth Carolina. Arrangement is by state fromnorth to south, with towns listed alphabeticallyunder each state. For each inn the authorincludes address, telephone number, name ofinnkeeper, when open, meals served, whetherchildren or pets are permitted, whether checks orcredit cards are accepted, directions for getting tothe inn, and rates. A brief but informative texttells a bit about each inn. Also included and mosthelpful is a map for each state showing locationsof inns. There is an index by state and town.Order from EPM Publications, Inc. 1003 TurkeyRun Road, McLean, VA 22101. ($8.95 paper. ISBN0-914440-80-2)The Appalachian Consortium Press (Univer-sity Hall, Appalachian State University, Boone28608) in 1984 published Minstrel of the Appa-lachians; The Story of Bascom Lamar Luns-ford by Loyal Jones. Lunsford (1882-1973) was aNorth Carolinian who promoted traditional moun-tain music and dancing. This account is thoroughand scholarly, with notes, bibliography, andappendixes, including a discography and list ofLunsfordTs recordings in the Archive of Folk Songat the Library of Congress. One minor quibble isthat there are no credit lines for the fifty photo-graphs. 249 pp. paper. $10.95. ISBN 0913239-11-9.In 1984 Velma Barfield was executed by thestate of North Carolina for the murder of fourpeople, including her mother. She was the firstwoman to be executed in this country for twenty-two years. Woman on Death Row by Velma Bar-field is her story of her life until just before herexecution on November 2, 1984, including herdrug addiction and her religious conversion whilein prison. Though this certainly is not an impar-248"North Carolina Librariestial account of Ms. BarfieldTs life, it is an importantbook. It is published by Oliver Nelson Books, adivision of Thomas Nelson Publishers, P.O. Box141000, Nelson Place at Elm Hill Pike, Nashville,TN 37214. 175 pp. paper $6.95. ISBN 0-8407-9531-2For public library ghost and mystery collec-tions is a new title from East Woods Press (429East Blvd., Charlotte 28203); Coastal Ghosts:Haunted Places from Wilmington, North Caro-lina to Savannah, Georgia. The North Carolinaghosts center around Wilmington; most of thetales are about South Carolina ghosts. 184 pp.$12.95.Libraries that collect regional materials orcookbooks will want to get a copy of Bill NealTsSouthern Cooking (UNC Press). Neal, co-ownerand chef of a Chapel Hill restaurant, has receivednational attention and praise from such notablesas Craig Claiborne. The nice thing is that itTs alltrue. The Cookbook is southern, sensible, andliterary (an appropriate quotation opens eachchapter), and the recipes are good, easy to read,list both English and metric amounts, and havecomplete instructions, including recommendedequipment. There are both a list of works con-sulted and an index. 233 pp., $15.95. ISBN 0-8078-1649-3.Clenched Fists, Burning Crosses: A Novelof Resistance by Chris South is a feminist novelset in the Durham area, though the location is notcrucial to the plot. It is a story of opposition to thepower of white men, all of whom are evil charac-ters in the book. The plot involves a group of les-bians who are fighting the Klan and the racist,sexist society they see around them. Librariesthat are consciously collecting feminist literaturewill want to purchase this title. Others may wantto examine it before deciding whether to pur-chase. Trumansburg, NY: The Crossing Press,1984. 183 pp. $17.95 cloth. ISBN 0-89594-154-6;$7.95 paper. ISBN 0-89594-153-8.Collections of genealogy will want to note anew title recently published by Genealogical Pub-lishing Co., Inc. of Baltimore. Marriages of John-ston County, North Carolina, 1762-1868, com-piled by Brent H. Holcomb, contains abstracts ofall 3,946 extant marriage bonds for the periodindicated. Arrangement is alphabetical by nameof groom and provides name of bride, date ofbond, and name of bondsman. An index lists bothbrides and bondsmen. 162 pp. $15.00 + $1.25 post-age & handling ISBN 0-8063-1120-7.

NCLA MinutesNorth Carolina Library AssociationMinutes of the Executive BoardJuly 19, 1985The Executive Board of the North Carolina Library Associa-tion met on July 19, 1985, in the conference room of the CollegeUnion, Davidson College, Davidson, North Carolina. Boardmembers present were Leland Park, Pauline F. Myrick, Jane Wil-liams, Eunice Drum, Mertys Bell, Shirley B. McLaughlin, Mary P.Williams, Patsy Hansel, Mary Avery, Robert Bland, J. A. Killian,Vivian Beech, Rebecca Ballentine, Judith Sutton, Karen Perryand Benjamin F. Speller, Jr. Also present were Dorothy W.Campbell, Janet Miller, Patricia Langelier, Mae Tucker, LouiseBoone, Arial Stephens, Cindy Pendergraft, Nancy Bates, andMary McAfee.The meeting was called to order by President Leland Park.He welcomed the group to Davidson College and gave briefinformation about the campus. The president introduced Mr. J.A. Killian, new chair of the Trustees Section, and welcomed himto the board. He also welcomed three visitors: Cindy Pender-graft, member, NCLA Committee on Honorary and Life Member-ship; Patricia Langelier, International/State Documents Li-brarian, UNC-Chapel Hill; and Dorothy W. Campbell, newly-elected secretary of NCLA for 1985-87.The minutes of the April 12, 1985 meeting of the ExecutiveBoard were presented by Shirley McLaughlin for Roberta Wil-liams, secretary. It was noted that on page 2, paragraph 4, thecorrect spelling of the name of the guest editor of the Summer1985 issue of North Carolina Libraries should be Maury York.The minutes were approved with this correction.Eunice Drum gave the TreasurerTs Report and distributedcopies to all members. She noted that $20,000 had been trans-ferred to the savings account.Pauline Myrick, 1st vice president/president elect, and ArialStephens, conference manager, gave an update report on plansfor the 1985 biennial conference. A schedule of conference meet-ings, speakers and activities was distributed, and space assign-ments were discussed. It was noted that 70% of the exhibitorsTspaces have already been sold. President-Elect Myrick com-mended Conference Manager Stephens for his efficient planningand outstanding work with Johnny Shaver in handling localarrangements. President Park reminded the board of the pre-conference meeting of the 1983-85 and 1985-87 executiveboards. He also reminded the 1983-85 board members that theyare expected to attend all NCLA general sessions and businessmeetings scheduled during the conference. The 1985-87 boardwill hold a dinner meeting on Friday, October 4th, at the conclu-sion of the conference.Patsy Hansel, editor, reported that the summer issue ofNorth Carolina Libraries was in the mail. The fall issue willfocus on library services to institutions; anticipated mailing dateis October 11th. Deadline for the winter 1985 conference issue isNovember 10.Sheila Core, chairman of the Scholarship Committee, wasunable to be present. Her report was presented to the board byPresident Park. Recipients of the North Carolina Memorial Scho-larships for 1985 are Linda Baldwin Shoffner of Greenville andSharon Lynne Arnette of Brevard. The Query-Long Scholarshipwas awarded to Barbara Baker Privette of Zebulon. Diane Gra-nata Thompson of Greensboro and Emily Schafer McCormick ofCharlotte were granted loans from the McLendon Student LoanFund.Treasurer Eunice Drum shared with the board a June 27,1985 memo from Sheila Core, chair, NCLA Scholarship Commit-tee, regarding the need to revise the loan agreement form inorder to clarify the terms of the loan and make it legally binding.Attached to the memo from the Scholarship Committee was aproposed revision of the loan agreement form. After some dis-cussion, Jake Killian moved that the proposed changes in theMcLendon Student Loan Agreement form be accepted with thefollowing change: Delete the statement of a specific amount forthe loan and add instead othe amount of the loan is to be set bythe Executive Board of the North Carolina Library Association.�This motion was seconded and passed.The report of the Honorary and Life Membership Commit-tee was given by Kathy Shropshire. The committee recom-mended that Honorary Memberships in NCLA be given toSenator Harold W. Hardison, Representative George Miller, andDr. Samuel Ragan. It also recommended that Life Membershipsbe awarded to Mr. H. William OTShea, Jr., and to Mrs. MildredCouncill. Pauline Myrick moved that the board accept therecommendation of the Honorary and Life Membership Com-mittee and that Honorary and Life Memberships in NCLA begranted to the individuals so nominated. This motion wasseconded and passed.The report of the Governmental Relations Committee wasgiven by Louise Boone, chair. She reported that the North Caro-lina delegates to Legislative Day in Washington on April 16thwere well received by various members of the North Carolinacongressional delegation and their staffs. Funding for LSCAappears to be frozen at current levels, but the budget process isa slow one, and it will probably take months for Congress toarrive at a final compromise and action.Noting that she plans to retire on September Ist, PresidentPark thanked Ms. Boone for all her hard work as chairman ofthe Governmental Relations Committee and for her many con-tributions to library service in North Carolina during her career.Immediate Past President Mertys Bell also recognized Ms. Booneand expressed appreciation on behalf of the board for her out-standing professional contributions as a member of NCLA.Dr. Gene Lanier, chair, Intellectual Freedom Committee,was unable to be present. A brief update on recent activities andconcerns of this committee was given by President Park. Thepresident also noted that the North Carolina Library Associa-tionTs Intellectual Freedom Committee had been presented theIntellectual Freedom Round TableTs State Program Award at the104th Annual Conference of the American Library Association.The board unanimously agreed that Dr. Lanier is to be highlycommended for all his hard work as chairman of the committeein keeping intellectual freedom alive in North Carolina throughprograms, publicity and testimony.Rebecca Ballentine, NCLA Representative to the South-eastern Library Association, reported that SELA held its leader-1985 Winter"249

NCLA Minutesship conference in Atlanta on March 13-14. Preliminary planswere made for the SELA Biennial Conference to be held October15-19, 1986, in Atlanta. The SELA Executive Board approved jobdescriptions for a part-time executive secretary and a full-timeoffice manager. It is expected that an executive secretary will beappointed when the Board meets in August. The associationTsbudget is in balance and membership figures are about the samefor the past three years. North Carolina continues to be the statewith the most members in SELA. The SELA Board voted torecommend to the membership at the 1986 conference that vot-ing membership on the executive board be given to round tablesalong with all other rights and responsibilities that sectionshave. The board also passed a motion to invite round tablechairs to attend board meetings during the interim. The eighthannual presidentsT meeting is scheduled for August 30 inAtlanta, followed by a meeting of the Executive Committee onAugust 31. Representative Ballentine also requested that com-mittees and sections send her news of workshops so that she inturn could forward this information to SELA for publication inthe Southeastern Librarian.Robert Bland, chair, College and University Section, re-ported that forty-five people attended the workshop, oThe Elec-tronic Network: Sharing the Costs and Benefits of LibraryAutomation,� which was sponsored by the section on May 30-31.Those in attendance heard a very informative discussion of net-working and automation for small and medium-sized libraries.Mary Avery, chair, Community and Junior College Section,reported that Richard Wells of Randolph Tech is the new sectioneditor of the North Carolina Libraries editorial board. Hereplaces Beverly Gass, who will enter the doctoral program atColumbia University in the fall. Mr. John Berry, editor-in-chief ofLibrary Journal, will be the guest speaker on the Communityand Junior College Section program at the biennial conference.The report of the Documents Section was given by JanetMiller for Stuart Basefsky, chair. Janet Miller will become thechair of the Documents Section for 1985-86, and Pat Langelierwill continue as chair of the State Documents Depository SystemCommittee. The section has devoted all it priorities in recentmonths to urging persons and organizations to write letters ofsupport for a depository system in North Carolina. Members ofthe NCLA Executive Board were encouraged to join in thiseffort.Pat Langelier also requested that the Executive Board joinwith the Documents Section in forwarding letters of support fora depository system for state documents in North Carolina. Shestated that such a letter should 1) identify the writer; 2) bespecific; 3) give reasons for your position; and 4) ask for specificaction"i.e., urge that action be taken to establish a network ofdepository libraries so that state publications will be availablestatewide.President Park thanked Ms. Miller and Ms. Langelier fortheir report on the proposal for a depository system. He alsorequested that the Documents Section forward to him a resolu-tion regarding this matter which could then be presented to theNCLA membership for action at a business meeting during thebiennial conference.Vivian Beech, Junior Members Round Table chair, reportedthat the JMRT Executive Board met May 24 at the NationalHumanities Center Library in the Research Triangle Park.Stephanie Issette was elected vice chairman/chairman-elect ofJMRT for 1985-87. Application forms for the Young LibrarianAward were approved. Plans were made to extend the Grass-root Grant and Young LibrariansT Awards until the fall. Theorientation to NCLA program on October 2nd at the biennialconference will include talks by President Leland Park and ex-hibitors, John Higgins and Dwight Edmonds, and the presenta-tion of awards. The board decided not to sponsor the JMRTNight on the Town because of the full schedule in the evenings.250"North Carolina LibrariesJMRT will assist with the PresidentTs Dance on Thursday even-ing. An information table will be manned by JMRT near theexhibits area in an effort to promote membership in the roundtable.The report for the Public Library Section was given byJudith Sutton, chair. The Planning Council of the Public LibrarySection met April 12, 1985, in Greensboro, at the GreensboroPublic Library. The final quarterly meeting of the PlanningCouncil will be held July 26, 1985, at the Davidson County PublicLibrary in Lexington. Featured speaker for the general sectionprogram at the biennial conference will be Joe McGinniss,author of Fatal Vision. The Young Adult committee will sponsoroYoung Adolescents and Libraries,� featuring Sue Rosenzweig,Information Manager for the Center for Early Adolescence ofUNC-Chapel Hill. The Audio-Visual Committee will have a ses-sion on Clay Animated Films� featuring Charlotte filmmakerJohn Lemmon. The PR Committee will conduct a PR Swap Shopand Contest complete with prizes. LSCA grants were obtainedfor the general program/Joe McGinniss and for the YA pro-gram/Sue Rosenzweig. Ms. Sutton also commended NancyBates, chairman of the Public Library Section GovernmentalRelations Committee and President of the North Carolina PublicLibrary Directors Association, for the tremendous job she did inleading the successful lobbying effort which resulted in passageof legislation by the General Assembly to increase state aid topublic libraries by $3 million. On behalf of the Public LibrarySection members, Sutton also expressed appreciation to JohnJones, Louise Boone, and Nancy Massey for getting SenatorHarold Hardison and Representative Billy Watkins to introducethe legislation.The report of the Resources and Technical Services Sectionwas given by Benjamin F. Speller, Jr., chair. The section willsponsor a breakfast meeting on Thursday morning, October 3rd,at the biennial conference. At this time the section will hold itsbusiness meeting and present its Best Article and ConferenceGrant awards. Other programs to be sponsored by RTSS at theconference will include a program on the National AuthorityControl Update with John James and Judith Fenly of theLibrary of Congress as speakers; a panel discussion on catalog-ing problems and solutions; and a program sponsored by theRTSS Collection Development/Serials Interest Group on utiliz-ing vendor services in collection development. The section alsorequested permission from the NCLA Executive Board to sell teeshirts at the conference, with proceeds to be donated to NCLAto pay for publication of an updated NCLA membership direc-tory. The Board agreed by common consent to this proposal.Mr. J. A. Killian, Chair, Trustees Section, reported that theLibrarian/Trustees Conference on May 29-30 in Raleigh wasquite successful. He also stated that the section plans to pro-mote membership in NCLA and ALA for its members.Patsy Hansel, chair, reported that the Round Table on theStatus of Women in Librarianship sponsored a most successfulworkshop on oUpper Level Management� in Chapel Hill in May,with over sixty people in attendance. Arabelle FedoraTs presen-tation at the workshop will be printed in the fall issue of NorthCarolina Libraries, and Jane WilliamsT presentation will beprinted in a coming issue of MsManagement. Kay Jordan ofDiane Harris Associates in Winston-Salem will conduct theRound TableTs program, oDoTs and DonTtTs Dress for SuccessFashion Follies,� at the biennial conference. The Round Table isalso investigating the possibility of selling dance cards for thePresidentTs dance on Thursday evening.The report for the Round Table for Ethnic Minority Con-cerns was given by Mary P. Williams, chair. The Executive Boardof the Round Table met on July 2, 1985, at Kenan Library, St.Mary's College, Raleigh. Final plans were made for the programwhich the round table will sponsor at the biennial conference.Congressman Major Owens will be the featured speaker at a

breakfast meeting on October 4. The Round Table received anLSCA grant to help with expenses for this program. PatriciaHines, Elizabeth State University, has been elected as chair ofthe Round Table for Ethnic Minority Concerns for 1985-87.It was announced that the dates for the 1986 NCLA SpringWorkshop will be April 18-19, 1986.There being no further business, the meeting adjourned.Shirley B. McLaughlin, Acting SecretaryRoberta S. Williams, SecretaryCONSTITUTIONof theNORTH CAROLINA LIBRARY ASSOCIATIONOctober, 1981(amended October, 1983)(amended October, 1985)ARTICLE I. NAMEThis organization shall be called the North Carolina LibraryAssociation.ARTICLE II. OBJECTIts object shall be to promote libraries and library services inNorth Carolina.ARTICLE III. MEMBERSHIP1. Membership in the North Carolina Library Associationshall consist of five classes: individual membership, institu-tional membership, contributing membership, honorary mem-bership, and life membership. Only individual and life membershave voting privileges.2. Individual. Any person who is or has been officially con-nected with any library in a professional, nonprofessional, orclerical capacity, or any member of a library's governing oradvisory body, or any student in a school of library science,may upon payment of dues be entitled to individual member-ship as stated by the Bylaws and will have the right to vote.3. Institutional. Any institution may become an institutionalmember upon payment of the dues of the Association andupon meeting the requirements for membership as stated inthe Bylaws.4. Contributing. Any individual, firm or organization mayupon the payment of dues, be entitled to contributing member-ship as stated in the Bylaws.5, Honorary. The Honorary and Life Membership Committeemay recommend to the Executive Board for honorary, non-vot-ing membership non-librarians who have made unusual contri-butions to library services. Such nominees may be elected bythe Executive Board.6. Life. The Honorary and Life Membership Committee mayrecommend to the Executive Board for life membership, withvoting privileges, persons who are no longer actively engagedin library work. Such nominees may be elected by the ExecutiveBoard.ARTICLE IV. OFFICERS1. The officers of the Association shall consist of a President;a first Vice-President, who shall be the President-Elect; aSecond Vice-President; a Secretary and a Treasurer.2. They are to be elected by ballot, to serve for two yearsexcept for the Treasurer who is to serve for four years.NCLA ConstitutionARTICLE V. EXECUTIVE BOARD1. The officers of the Association, the past President, twoDirectors elected by the Association at large, the representa-tives of the Association to the A.L.A. Council, the North Caro-lina member of the Executive Board of the SoutheasternLibrary Association, the Editor of North Carolina Libraries,and the chairman of each section and round table shall consti-tute the Executive Board. A parliamentarian may be appointedby the President as a non-voting member.2. They shall serve until their successors take office.3. The President of the Association shall be the Chairman ofthe Executive Board.4. Powers and Duties. The Executive Board shall have thepower:a. To consider and mature plans for the general work ofthe Association.b. To appoint in case of a vacancy in any office a memberfrom the Association to fill the unexpired term until thenext regular election.c. To establish, maintain, and staff a Headquarters Officefor the Association.d. To define the duties, responsibilities and salaries of theHeadquarters personnel.e. To transact the business of the Association within thelimits of a budget system.5. Business of the Association may also be transacted by theExecutive Board through correspondence, provided that theproposed action be submitted in writing by the President to themembers of the Executive Board, and that it be approved by aquorum of the Board.6. The Executive Board shall act for the Association in inter-vals between meetings; make arrangements for the biennialmeeting; and authorize the organization of sections or roundtables by specialized interests within the Library Association.7. The Executive Board shall direct and provide for the pub-lications of the Association and may have power to contractfor such publications as may seem desirable for furthering theinterests of the Association.8. Quorum. A majority of the voting members of the Execu-tive Board shall constitute a quorum.9. Representatives to the North Carolina Public Library Cer-tification Commission. The Executive Board shall nominate anindividual who has been selected by the Public Library Sectionto be named by the Governor to serve, with the chairman of thePublic Library Section and the chairman of the North CarolinaAssociation of the Library Trustees of N.C.L.A., as a member ofthe Public Library Certification Commission as required by theGeneral Statutes of North Carolina (G.S. 143B-68).ARTICLE VI. FINANCES1. The Executive Board shall approve all encumbrances (anyclaims on property) and expenditures of Association funds, butmay delegate to the President authority to approve encum-brances and expenditures,2. The Executive Board shall administer the business affairsof the Association, and it shall have power in the intervalsbetween meetings of the Association to act on all matters onwhich a majority of the members reach agreement.3. The finances of the Association shall be handled under abudget system.4. Funds shall be available to the President or his represen-tative toward attending meetings to represent the Association.These funds must be included in the budget and approved bythe Executive Board.1985 Winter"251

NCLA Constitution5. Funds shall be available to the Executive Board to admin-ister the affairs of the Association through a HeadquartersOffice.6. No officer, committee or member of the Association shallreceive any funds or incur any expense for the Association notprovided for in the Constitution unless authorized in writing bythe President; nor shall the Treasurer or other authorized per-son make any payment except for expenditures which havebeen so approved.ARTICLE VII. AFFILIATIONS1. The North Carolina Library Association shall be a contri-buting member of the American Library Association.2. The North Carolina Library Association shall hold chaptermembership in the American Library Association and shallelect its Councilor as provided in the A.L.A. Constitution andBylaws.3. The North Carolina Library Association shall be a contrib-uting member of the Southeastern Library Association.4. The Executive Board of the North Carolina Library Asso-ciation shall be empowered to enter into other affiliations asdeemed beneficial to the Association.ARTICLE VIII. SECTIONS AND ROUND TABLES1. Sections and round tables of the Association may beorganized by application, signed by one hundred votingmembers of the Association, and approved by the ExecutiveBoard.2. Each section shall represent a type of library or field ofactivity clearly distinct from that of other sections.3. A round table shall represent a field of librarianship notwithin the scope of any single section.4. The officers of the sections and round tables shall beelected by the membership of the section or round table. Theyshall be responsible for the program meetings and any otherbusiness of the section or round table.5. The President of the Association may appoint officers ifthe section or round table fails to elect officers.6. With the permission of the Executive Board, sections andround tables may charge fees for their purposes. Fundsreceived will be earmarked and used at the discretion of theofficers of the section or round table.7. The Executive Board may discontinue a section or roundtable when in its opinion the usefulness of that section orround table has ceased, except that a majority of affirmativevotes of members of a section or round table that is still activebe required prior to the Executive BoardTs action.ARTICLE IX. MEETINGS1. There shall be a biennial meeting of the Association atsuch place and time as shall have been decided upon by theExecutive Board.2. Special meetings of the Association may be called by thePresident; by a quorum of the Executive Board; or on requestof 50 members of the Association.3. At least 30 daysT notice shall be given for special meetings,and only business mentioned in the call shall be transacted.4. Meetings of the Executive Board shall be held upon thecall of the President, or at the request of a quorum of themembers of the Executive Board.5. There shall be a minimum of four meetings of the Execu-tive Board during the biennium,6. Quorum. One hundred voting members, representing atleast ten institutions, shall constitute a quorum of the NorthCarolina Library Association.252"North Carolina LibrariesARTICLE X. AMENDMENTS1. Amendments to the Constitution may be voted on onlywhen a quorum of the Association is present, and shall requirea two-thirds vote of the members present.2. Notice of the proposed changes in the Constitution shallbe mailed to the membership at least 30 days prior to themeeting at which a vote is to be taken on the proposedchanges.BYLAWSNORTH CAROLINA LIBRARY ASSOCIATIONARTICLE I. ELECTIONS1. The President, with the approval of the Executive Board,shall appoint a Committee on Nominations, which shall includerepresentatives of the various types of libraries in the NorthCarolina Library Association, insofar as is practical.2. The first Vice-President shall be the President-Elect.3. Officers. The Committee on Nominations shall present byNovember first of the year preceding the election, the names oftwo candidates for each of the following offices: First Vice-President, Second Vice-President, Secretary, Treasurer, and twoDirectors-at-Large.In case the First Vice-President is unable to assume thePresidency, the Committee on Nominations shall present thenames of two candidates for the office of President.4. A.L.A. Council Member. The N.C.L.A. representative to theA.L.A. Council shall be elected for a four-year term as providedin the A.L.A. Constitution and Bylaws. The names of twocandidates shall be presented for this office.5. The list of nominees shall be published in North CarolinaLibraries and Tar Heel Libraries.6. Any member wishing to be placed on the ballot for anyoffice shall obtain a minimum of 50 signatures of N.C.L.A.members and submit them to the Chairman of the Committeeon Nominations by April first of the year of election. TheTreasurer will verify the 50 signatures and notify the memberthat he will be placed on the ballot.7. Consent of nominees shall be obtained.8. A ballot containing spaces for further nominations shallbe prepared by Headquarters Office and mailed to votingmembers of the Association by May first prior to the biennialmeeting.9. Ballots shall be marked and returned to the HeadquartersOffice within one month after they have been mailed out.10. Candidates receiving the majority of votes shall bedeclared elected and shall take office at the close of thebiennial meeting.11. In case of a tie vote the successful candidate shall bedetermined by lot.12. If the regular meeting is cancelled, elections shall beconducted within the two months prior to the normal time forsuch meeting; and the successful candidate shall be announcedin the following issue of the AssociationTs official publication.ARTICLE IJ. DUTIES OF OFFICERS1. President. The President shall preside at all meetings ofthe Association and of the Executive Board. He shall, with theadvice of the Executive Board, appoint the Editor of NorthCarolina Libraries and all committee chairmen and suggestother committee members. Committees shall be appointed forspecial purposes and shall serve until the purposes areachieved. The President may execute mortgages, bonds,

contracts or other instruments which the Executive Board hasauthorized to be executed, except in cases where the signingand execution thereof shall be expressly delegated by theExecutive Board or by the Constitution, Bylaws or by statuteto some other officer or agent of the Association. In general heshall perform all duties as may be prescribed by the ExecutiveBoard.2. The President is ex-officio a member of all committeesexcept the Committee on Nominations.3. First Vice-President/President-Elect. The First Vice-President serves as President-Elect and presides in the absenceof the President. If it becomes necessary for the First Vice-President to complete the unexpired term of the President, heshall also serve his own term as President. In the event of theFirst Vice-President becoming President during the unexpiredterm of the elected President, the Second Vice-President shallautomatically become First Vice-President and serve in thatoffice until a new First Vice-President is elected at the nextregular election. The Executive Board shall appoint a SecondVice-President to serve until the next regular election is held. Ifthe Second Vice-President is unable to assume the duties of theFirst Vice-President, the Executive Board shall appoint a FirstVice-President to serve until the next regular election is held.4. Second Vice-President. In the absence of the President andFirst Vice-President, or in the event of their inability to act, theSecond Vice-President shall perform the duties of thePresident, and when so acting shall have all the powers of andbe subject to all of the restrictions upon the President. Whenthe First Vice-President is presiding and wishes to relinquishthe chair, the Second Vice-President shall preside. While he isin the chair, he shall have all the powers of, and be subject toall of the restrictions upon the President. The Second Vice-President shall be chairman of the Membership Committee. Heshall perform such other duties as may be prescribed by thePresident or the Executive Board.5. Secretary. The Secretary shall keep a record of themeetings of the Executive Board, the biennial meetings, andany special meetings of the Association. In case of a vacancy,the Executive Board shall appoint a Secretary to serve untilthe next regular election is held.6. Treasurer. The Treasurer shall assist in the preparation ofthe budget and keep whatever records of the Association thePresident and the Executive Board deem necessary. He willcollect and disburse all funds of the Association under theinstructions of the Executive Board and keep regular accounts,which at all times shall be open to the inspection of allmembers of the Executive Board. He shall handle and keep allmembership records. He shall execute a bond in such sum asshall be set by the Executive Board, the cost to be paid by theAssociation. He shall perform such other duties and functionsas may be prescribed by the Executive Board. The term ofoffice shall be four years. In case of vacancy, the ExecutiveBoard shall appoint a Treasurer to serve until the next regularelection is held.7, The Editor of North Carolina Libraries shall send areport of the biennial meeting and special meetings of theAssociation to the Editors of American Libraries, LibraryJournal, Southeastern Librarian, and the Wilson LibraryBulletin. The report will also be published in North CarolinaLibraries.8. The term of office of all officers except the Treasurer shallcommence at the adjournment of the biennial meetingfollowing their election, or if the biennial meeting cannot beheld, upon their election. The term of office of the Treasurershall commence at the end of the fiscal year following hiselection.9. As soon as the ballots have been counted, and theNCLA Constitutionrepresentative to the American Library Association Councilestablished, the Headquarters Office shall send to theAmerican Library Association Constitution and BylawsCommittee for review of compatibility with the AmericanLibrary Association Constitution and Bylaws.10. The officers and committee chairmen shall deposit in theAssociation archives located in the North Carolina StateLibrary all correspondence, records, and archives not neededfor current use.ARTICLE II]. MEMBERSHIP1. Dues shall be collected on a biennial basis. Categories ofmembership shall include individual, institutional, contributing,honorary, and life. Honorary and life members are not assesseddues.2. Each member is entitled to the choice of one section orround table at no additional cost.3. Association members may be members of additionalsections or round tables by paying additional dues of $4.00biennially for each section or round table to the Associationand designating the sections or round tables.4. In the event that the person selects more than one sectionor round table, 25% of the biennial dues plus the $4.00 peradditional section or round table dues paid will be distributedon an equal basis to each section or round table chosen.5. The fiscal year and the membership year shall be thecalendar year.6. Members whose dues are in arrears after April 1, of thelast year of the biennium, shall be dropped from themembership roll.7. There shall be a registration fee for each person attendingbiennial meetings. This fee shall be established by the ExecutiveBoard.8. New memberships paid during the last quarter of thefiscal year shall be credited to the following year.9. Publications. All members of the North Carolina LibraryAssociation including institutional members shall receive theofficial periodical publication of the Association and any otherpublications that may be so designated. Subscriptions to NorthCarolina Libraries and single issues are available to non-members at a rate recommended by the Editorial Board andapproved by the Executive Board.10. No changes in the dues structure or policies regardingmembership shall be made without approval of themembership by a mail vote. A majority of the votes cast shall berequired to make any such change. The Executive Board or themembership at any duly constituted meeting may initiate suchprocedure.ARTICLE IV, SECTIONS AND ROUND TABLES1. Sections and round tables must secure the approval of theExecutive Board before making any declaration of policy whichinvolves the Association as a whole; before soliciting orreceiving funds; or before incurring any expense on behalf ofthe Association.2. The Secretaries of the sections and round tables shallsubmit copies of their important papers and reports to theAssociation archives located in the North Carolina StateLibrary.3. Sections and round tables shall adopt Bylaws which meetthe approval of the Executive Board of the Association.4, The Chairmen of the sections and round tables shallsubmit all bills to the Treasurer for payment from theirallocated funds. Bills in excess of allocated funds must havethe prior approval of the Executive Board.1985 Winter"253

NCLA ConstitutionARTICLE V. AMENDMENTS ARTICLE VI. PARLIAMENTARY AUTHORITY1. Amendments to the Bylaws may be voted on only when a Robert's Rules of Order, latest revision, shall be the governingquorum is present and shall receive a majority vote of the authority in any matter not specifically covered by themembers present. Constitution and Bylaws.2. Notices of the proposed change in the Bylaws shall bemailed to the membership at least 30 days prior to the meetingat which a vote is taken on the proposed change.ANNOUNCINGA NEW WAY TO MEET YOUR CONTINUING EDUCATION AND STAFF DEVELOPMENT NEEDSNORTH CAROLINA CENTRAL UNIVERSITYSCHOOL OF LIBRARY AND INFORMATION SCIENCE'SOFFICE OF CONTINUING EDUCATION AND LIBRARY STAFF DEVELOPMENTSErVICeSNeeds Assessments " \We help you or your organization determine your continuing educationand staff development needs.Workshops " We conduct workshops on a wide range of topics.Courses and Institutes " We offer full-length courses and special institutes.Microcomputer Laboratory " We offer hands-on training in the use of microcomputers inlibraries.For more information on our program and services, contact:Duncan Smith, CoordinatorOffice of Continuing Education and Library Staff DevelopmentSchool of Library and Information ScienceNorth Carolina Central UniversityDurham, N.C. 27707phone: 919-683-6485919-683-6347254"North Carolina Libraries

Join NCLAWhat is NCLA?@ the only statewide organization interested inthe total library picture in North Carolina,whose purpose is to promote libraries andlibrary service in the state© an affiliate of the American Library Associationand the Southeastern Library Association, withvoting representation on each councilWhat are the benefits of membership?@ provides opportunities for interaction amongthose interested in good library service® entitles you to receive North Carolina Librar-ies, a quarterly journal, winner of the presti-gious H. W. Wilson Award in 1981®@ gives you the opportunity to develop leadershipskills@ enables you to attend workshops, continuingeducation programs, and conferences at re-duced rates© keeps you informed on library developments inthe state through an information network andpublications® gives you individual voting rights in the asso-ciation® encourages support staff and paraprofessionalsto join at reduced rates® entitles you to membership in one of the sec-tions or roundtables of the associationTo enroll as a member of the association or torenew your membership, check the appropriatetype of membership and the sections or roundta-bles which you wish to join. NCLA membershipentitles you to membership in one of the sectionsor roundtables shown below at no extra cost. Foreach additional section, add $4.00 to your regulardues.Return the form below along with your checkor money order made payable to North CarolinaLibrary Association. All memberships are for twocalendar years. If you enroll during the last quarter of a year, membership will cover the next twoyears.een ann/Tnmnanmegmeeeeneenn I """"""" ee anEEAanREnEEEEEEEEEEEn nn ennemmaameenendNORTH CAROLINA LIBRARY ASSOCIATION__" New membership "_" Renewal ____ Membership no.NameFirst Middle LastPositionBusiness AddressCity or Town State Zip CodeMailing Address (if different from above)CHECK TYPE OF DUES= SPECIAL-Trustees, paraprofessional and support staff, non-salaries persons,retired librarians, library school students, oFriends of the Library,� and non-librarians JF SN EERIE hes EP MGR OE ET CL + calle so geen pices d $15.0012 LIBRARIANS"earning up to $12,000 ........... eect eee seen eee ee ee $22.00 LIBRARIANS"earning $12,000 to $20,000 ........... sees nese .... $30.003 LIBRARIANS"earning over $20,000 .......... 0... cece eee eee $40.003 CONTRIBUTING"individual, Association, Firm, etc. interested in the work ofNOWA | ie i PT te nc eS eo ge DENCE TOY ip Se $50.00CP ANS TIMUMONAC.-SamedOr aILUDGAT OS tig cit ack «alu scynudleislins stead haltos + $50.00CHECK SECTIONS: One free; $4.00 each additional.© ChildrenTs o Trustees © Women's Round Tableed cd a O Ethnic Minorities RT3 Jr. College © RTSS (Res.-Tech.)© NCASL (School) Cc JMRTAMOUNT ENCLOSED $.SSSMail to: Eunice Drum, Treasurer, NCLA, Division of State Library, 109 East Jones Street, Raleigh,NC 27611.1985 Winter"255

Institutional membership in the North CarolinaLibrary Association is an important way to promotelibraries and library service in the state. Librariesand media, learning resources and informationcenters are eligible for institutional membership.Dues are $50.00 per biennium. NCLA currently hasthe following 52 institutional members:Barber-Scotia College Learning ResourcesCenterBowman Gray School of Medicine,Carpenter LibraryBurroughs Wellcome Company LibraryCape Fear Academy LibraryCatawba College LibraryCatawba County LibraryCecils Junior College LibraryPublic Library of Charlotte andMecklenburg CountyCleveland County Memorial LibraryColumbus County Public LibraryLibrary of Davidson CollegeDavidson County Library SystemDuke University, Perkins Library�,�ast Carolina University, Joyner LibraryEdgecombe County Memorial LibraryElon College LibraryFarmville Public LibraryForsyth County Public LibraryGardner-Webb College, Dover LibraryGreensboro Public LibraryGuilford College LibraryHenderson County Public LibraryIredell County Public LibraryPublic Library of Johnston County andSmithfieldLivingstone College, Carnegie Library256"North Carolina LibrariesMethodist College, Davis LibraryMontreat-Anderson College, Bell LibraryNorth Carolina Central University, ShepardLibraryNorth Carolina School of the Arts LibraryNorth Carolina State LibraryNorth Carolina State University, Hill LibraryNorth Carolina Wesleyan College LibraryPack Memorial Public Library (Asheville)Pender County LibraryRandolph County Public LibraryRobeson County Public LibraryRockingham County Public LibrarySt. Mary's College, Kenan LibrarySalem Academy and College, GramleyLibrarySampson-Clinton Public LibrarySandhill Regional Library SystemScotland County SchoolsSheppard Memorial Library (Greenville)Southern Pines Public LibraryUnion County Public LibraryUNC-Asheville, Ramsey LibraryUNC-Chapel Hill, School of Library ScienceUNC-Charlotte, Atkins LibraryUNC-Greensboro, Jackson LibraryUNC-Wilmington, Randall LibraryWake Forest University LibraryWestern Carolina University, Hunter Library

American Imprints Inventory. Filepictures. 89, 94Anthony, Robert G. Jr. See Book Reviews(Snider).Arnette, Sharon. Receives North Caro-lina Library Association MemorialScholarship. 145Avery, Mary. pic. 200Ballentine, Rebecca. See Book Reviews(Bishir) (Bragg) (Earley).Barclay, Morgan J. See Book Reviews(Fales).Barclay, Morgan J. ed. oNorth Carolinaarchival program " A tradition ofexcellence�: 98-107Bates, Nancy F. A twenty-five-year-olddream becomes a reality. 176-177In pursuit of state aid. 178-179Bell, Mertys W. pics. 139, 200Benfield, Dr. James. Receives NCASLSchool Administrator of the YearAward, pic. 225Berry, John. pic. 200Bible, Amanda. pic. 198Book Reviews.Barfield, Velma. Woman on Death Row.248Bishir, Catherine W., and Earley,Lawrence S. eds. Early twentieth-century suburbs in North Carolina:Essays on history, architecture, andplanning. Reviewed by RebeccaBallentine. 185-186Bradley, Jeff. A traveler's guide to theSmoky Mountains region. 115Bragg, Linda Brown. Rainbow roun mahshoulder. Reviewed by RebeccaBallentine. 245-246Bridgers, Sue Ellen. Sara Will. Reviewedby Gloria Colvin. 184-185Brooks, Bruce. The moves make the man.Reviewed by Diana Young. 113-114Butler, Lindley S., and Watson, Alan D.,eds. The North Carolina experience.An interpretive and documentaryhistory. Reviewed by Mattie U.Russell. 58-59Cain, Robert J., ed. Colonial records ofNorth Carolina: Records of theExecutive Council, 1664-1734.Reviewed by William S. Powell. 54-55Chappell, Fred. I am one of you forever.Reviewed by Jim Chapman. 180-181Coastal ghosts: Haunted places fromWilmington, North Carolina toSavannah, Georgia. 248Index toNorth Carolina LibrariesVolume 43, 1985Compiled by Gene LeonardiCollins, Mike. North Carolina jobhunterTshandbook: A guide to finding yourbest job in North Carolina! Reviewedby Pat Carpenter. 242Crow, Jeffrey J., and Hatley, Flora J., eds.Black Americans in North Carolinaand the South. Reviewed by Robert L.Byrd. 57-58Davis, Archie K. Boy Colonel of theConfederacy: The life and times ofHenry King Burgwyn, Jr. Reviewed byEverard H. Smith, 244Eaton, Hubert A. oEvery man should try.�Reviewed by Beverly Tetterton. 57Edgerton, Clyde. Raney, A novel.Reviewed by Alice R. Cotten. 187Ehle, John. Last one home. Reviewed byBecky Kornegay. 113Ervin, Sam J. Jr., Preserving theConstitution: The autobiography ofSenator Sam J. Ervin, Jr. Reviewedby Michael Hill. 110Fales, Robert Martin, M.D. Wilmingtonyesteryear. Reviewed by Morgan J.Barclay. 182-183Fick, Virginia G. Country college on theYadkin: A historical narrative. 115Finger, John R., The Eastern Band ofCherokees, 1819-1900. Reviewed byEric J. Olson. 52-53Green, Lewis W. The silence of snakes.Reviewed by Julie Sanders. 244-245Hartzer, Ronald B. To great and usefulpurpose; A history of the WilmingtonDistrict, U.S. Army Corps ofEngineers. Reviewed by ArleneHanerfeld. 112-113Holcomb, Brent H. comp. Marriages ofJohnston County, North Carolina,1762-1868. 248Hoots, Carl C. comp. Cemeteries ofYadkin County, North Carolina. 115Hudson, Patricia L. Inns of the Southernmountains: One hundred scenic andhistoric hostelries from Virginia toGeorgia. 248Hurmence, Belinda, ed. My folks donTtwant me to talk about slavery:Twenty-one oral histories of formerNorth Carolina slaves. Reviewed byTucker Respess. 56Jones, Loyal. Minstrel of theAppalachians: The story of BascomLamar Lunsford. 248Kelly, Richard. The Andy Griffith Show.115MacBryde, Anne Campbell. annot. andtranscr. EllieTs book: The journal keptby Ellie M. Andrews from January1862 through May 1865. Reviewed byEverard H. Smith. 184McCorkle, Jill. July 7th. Reviewed byMargaretta Yarborough. 52McCrary, Mary Jane. Transylvaniabeginnings: A history. Reviewed byMaurice C. York. 181McGee, Michael H. Separation anddivorce in North Carolina: How to doit with or without a lawyer. Reviewedby Timothy L. Coggins. 59-60Mobley, Joe A. USS North Carolina:Symbol of a vanished age. 114Neal, Bill. Bill NealTs Southern cooking.248Newton, Suzanne. An end to perfect.Reviewed by Diane Kessler. 110-111Parker, Weeks. Fayetteville, NorthCarolina: A pictorial history.Reviewed by Maurice C. York. 241-242Pearson, T.R. A short history of a smallplace. Reviewed by Virginia A. Moore.247-248Phillips, Harry R. Growing andpropagating wild flowers. Reviewedby Becky Kornegay. 183-184Puetz, C.J. North Carolina county maps.Reviewed by Celia D. Poe. 246Quinn, David Beers. Set fair for Roanoke:Voyages and colonies, 1584-1606.Reviewed by Robert J. Cain. 111-112Raper, Horace W. William W. Holden:North CarolinaTs political enigma.Reviewed by Michael Hill. 186-187Schumann, Marguerite, ed. Grand oldladies: North Carolina Architectureduring the Victorian era. Reviewedby Marshall Bullock. 55-56Schweitzer, George K. North Carolinagenealogical research. Reviewed byBeth Young. 243Snider, William D. Helms and Hunt: TheNorth Carolina Senate race, 1984.Reviewed by Robert G. Anthony, Jr.240South, Chris. Clenched fists, burningcrosses: A novel of resistance. 248Southern, Michael T. ed. HistoricMontford, Asheville, North Carolina.Reviewed by Marshall Bullock. 183Sweezy, Nancy. Raised in clay: TheSouthern pottery tradition. Reviewedby Anna Dvorak. 240-241Tilley, Nannie M. The R.J. ReynoldsTobacco Company. Reviewed byHarry McKown. 181-1821985 Winter"257

Vickers, James. Chapel Hill: Anillustrated history. Reviewed byMaurice C. York. 241-242Whedbee, Charles Harry. Outer Bankstales to remember. 114Whisnant, David E. All that is native &fine: The politics of culture in anAmerican region. Reviewed byRichard Shrader. 111Wilder, Roy, Jr. You all spoken here:Prepared for the edification &jollification of readers, writers,browsers, dialecticians, linguists,folklorists, etc., and for visitors fromforeign parts who need to parlez-vous in Cornpone Country. Reviewedby Nancy Shires. 114Wrenn, Tony P. Wilmington, NorthCarolina: An architectural andhistorical portrait. Reviewed by SueC. Hiatt. 53-54Yoder, Edwin M. Jr., The night of the OldSouth Ball and other essays andfables. Reviewed by Jim Chapman.246-247Bradburn, Frances Bryant. Developingyour fiction collection " Realisticallyspeaking. 32-34Brown, Ricki. pic. 236Bryan, Jim. Addresses NCLA DocumentsSection meeting. 238Bullock, Marshall. See Book Reviews(Schumann) (Southern).Bush, Mary E. Library services atBroughton Hospital. 138-139Byrd, Robert J. See Book Reviews (Crow)Cain, Robert J. See Book Reviews(Quinn).Cape Fear Library Association. UnionList of Serials available. 22Carpenter, Pat. See Book Reviews(Collins).Cashwell, Barbara. Merchandising thecollection from the small branchperspective. 45-46Central North Carolina School for theDeaf, Greensboro, pics. 143, 144Chapman, Jim. See Book Reviews(Chappell) (Yoder).Chapman, Peggy. LibrariansT attitudestoward networking. 47-51Childress, Michael. I work in a prison.158-159Coggins, Timothy L. See Book Reviews(McGee)Collins, Melanie. Wins Baker andTaylor/Junior Members Round TableGrassroots Grant. Pic. 199Colvin, Gloria. See Book Reviews(Bridgers).Connor, Robert Digges Wimberly. pic. 90Cotten, Alice R. Collecting NorthCaroliana, 29-31258"North Carolina LibrariesCotten, Alice R. See Book Reviews(Edgerton).Cotten, Alice R., comp. New North Caro-lina books. 52-60, 110-115, 180-187,240-248Councill, Mildred S. Receives NCLA LifeMembership. pic. 197Crittenden, Charles Christopher. pics.90, 101, 102Cumberland County Public Library andInformation Center, Fayetteville. Holdsposter session. pic. 236Hope Mills branch, pics. 45-46Daniel, Clifton. Speaks at Queens CollegeFriends of the Library Luncheon. pic.63Daniel, Evelyn H. Named Dean of theSchool of Library Science, University ofNorth Carolina, Chapel Hill. pic. 148Davidson County Public Library,Lexington. pic. 176Davidson, Laura. pic. 239Dorsey, Patric. pic. 202Douglas, Mary Teresa Peacok. pics. 73,75, 82Doverspike, Dale E. The PatientsT Libraryat Cherry Hospital. 147-148Drake, Robert E. Sandhills Youth Centerlibrary. 162-163Dvorak, Anna. See Book Reviews(Sweezy).Ebert, Patrice Gaffney.Collection development in a publiclibrary branch. 39-42Summarizes Biennial Conferencespeech. 217-218Ezzell, Joline R. Building a serialscollection in an academic library. 23-25Falls, Elna. pic. 63Fedora, Arabelle. Supervision of thelibraries in a school system. 172-175Fenly, Judith G. Name Authority Co-op(NACO) Project. 228-232Pic. 228Flood, Dr. Dudley E. pic 215To address Biennial Conference. 116Forsyth County Public Library, Winston-Salem. Holds poster session. pic. 237Fowler, Linda. pic. 225Freeman, Janet. pic. 202Gamee, Budd L. A firm persuasion: Thecareer of Mary Peacock Douglas. 72-86Gholston, Betty J., and Lancaster, P.T. AprisonTs library " A look inside. 160-161Goldstein, Eleanor. Receives NCLAHonorary Membership. pic. 197Goldstein, Elliot. Receives NCLAHonorary Membership. pics. 197, 198Hanerfeld, Arlene. See Book Reviews(Hartzer).Hansel, Patsy J. Introduction. 4Pic. 139Hardee, Nancy. See Kemper, Robert C.pic. 137Hardison, Senator Harold W. ReceivesNCLA Honorary Membership. pic. 197Harrell, Carroll M. NCASL ResearchGrant proposal funded. 204Henderson County Public Library.Friends publish library volunteerbooklet. 109Hiatt, Sue C. See Book Reviews (Wrenn).Hill, Michael. See Book Reviews (Ervin)(Raper).Historical Foundation of thePresbyterian and Reformed Churches,Montreat. pic. 93Holley, Edward G. Foreward. 70-71Pic. 108Huguelet, Eugene. Faculty vs. staffselection: Collection development inthe academic library. 15-16Humphreys, Josephine. Speaks atQueens College Friends of the LibraryLuncheon. pic. 63Johnson, Mike, and Morris, Sandra.Organizing and establishing a prisonlibrary. 151-155Jones, Cindy. pic. 237Jones, H.G. pic. 102Josey, E.J. Greetings: Concerns on accessto information. 203-204Kemper, Robert C., and Hardee, Nancy.OBerry Center resident library. 135-137Kerr, M.E. Addresses North CarolinaAssociation of School Librariansmeeting. pic. 227Kessler, Diane. See Book Reviews(Newton).Killian, Jake. pic. 202Kornegay, Becky. See Book Reviews(Ehle) (Phillips).Lachenman, Carol P. Beyond books. 149-150Lacy, Dan Mabry. pic. 92Lancaster, P.T. See Gholston, Betty J.Lanier, Gene D.Addresses North Carolina SenateJudiciary Committee. 189Candidate for ALA Council. 196Receives NCLA and SIRS IntellectualFreedom Awards. Pic. 198Laudati, Geraldine. Development of acollection: The music library at EastCarolina University. 26-28Lemmon, John. Addresses NCLA PublicLibrary Section. 235-236Lewis, Carol Gaston. Receives first EastCarolina University Library ScienceProfessional Society HonoraryMembership. 163

Lovett, Valerie W. Balancing the books.10-11Lubans, John Jr. Candidate for ALACouncil. 196Lyon, Mary Lou. Use of a microcomputerwith residents and staff at a stateinstitution serving mentally retardedpersons. 166-170McGinnis, Joe. Remarks on Fatal Vision.219-226Pic. 219McKown, Harry. See Book Reviews(Tilley).McManus, Johnnie M. Library service atthe North Carolina Special CareCenter. 146McMullen, Dr. Haynes. pic. 108McMurtrie, Douglas Crawford. pic. 88McPhail, David. Life and work. 212-216Mann, Sallie E. Approval plans as amethod of collection development. 12-14Marion High School. Book Week display.pic. 76Martin, Dorothy. pic. 234Martin, Governor James G. pics. 216, 234Michaud, John. Finding the line. 156-157Miller, Representative George W. Jr.,Receives NCLA Honorary Membership.pic. 198Moeller-Peiffer, Kathleen. Candidate forALA Council. 196Moore, Virginia A. See Book Reviews(Pearson)Morris, Sandra. See Johnson, Mike.Murdock Center, Butner. pic. 169Myrick, James R. Introduction:Institutional libraries in NorthCarolina. 133-134Myrick, Pauline F. Profile. 195-196Pics. 139, 196, 239Newsome, Albert Ray. pic. 92North Carolina Community Colleges.Union COM catalog available. 86North Carolina. Division of State Library.Pics. (c 1914) 91, (1969) 101North Carolina Library Association.Announces availability of 1986scholarships. 145Biennial Conference, 1985.Awards and resolutions. 197-202Exhibits. pic. 201Meeting reports. 235-238Tentative schedule. 116-117Conference Committee. pic. 201Constitution and Bylaws.As amended October, 1985, 251-254Recommended changes. 121-123Documents Section.Biennial Conference Program. 238Executive Board, 1983-1985. pic. 206Executive Board. Minutes10/12/84. 61-631/25/85. 119-1214/12/85. 190-1927/19/85, 249-251Futures Committee.Calls for input. 86Intellectual Freedom Committee.Biennial Conference activities. 236Successfully initiates LibraryPrivacy Act passed by GeneralAssembly. 188-189Wins ALA Intellectual FreedomRound TableTs State ProgramAward. 145Library Resources Committee. BiennialConference program. 235Nominating Committee. Announces1985-87 election results. 157North Carolina Association of SchoolLibrarians.Announces 1985-87 electionresults. 157Research Grant proposalguidelines. 117-118Public Library Section.Audio-Visual Committee programreport. 235-236Conference displays. pic. 210, 226Public Relations'Ts Committee PRAward winners. Pic. 199Resources and Technical ServicesSection.Biennial conference grantavailable. 34Cataloging Interest Group BiennialConference program. 237Collection Development and SerialsInterest Groups BiennialConference program. 237Round Table on the Status of Womenin Librarianship.oDress for Success� program. pic.222Treasurer's report. (1/1/85-3/31/85).124Trustees Section.Biennial Conference program. 238O'Berry Center resident library,Goldsboro. pics. 136, 137Olson, Eric J. See Book Reviews (Finger).O'Shea, H. William. Receives NCLA LifeMembership. pic. 197Owens, Major R. Today's economic andpolitical climate and what it means forlibraries. 205-211Park, Leland M. From the President. 2,68-69, 131-132Pics. 139, 234, 239Paynter, David. Receives 1983-85 RayMoore Award. 198Pettit, Mike. pic. 165Petty, Dr. Charles V.To address Biennial Conference. 116Poe, Celia D. See Book Reviews (Puetz).Powell, William S. See Book Reviews(Cain).Privette, B. Annette. NCASL Researchgrant proposal funded. 204Receives Query-Long Scholarship.145Queens College, Charlotte. Librarysponsors Friends of the Library Bookand Author Luncheon. 63Ragan, Dr. Samuel T. Receives NCLAHonorary Membership. pic. 198Respess, Tucker. See Book Reviews(Hurmence)Rochelle, Gary. Wins Junior MembersRound Table Young Librarian Award.pic. 199Rockingham County Public Library,Eden. Holds poster session. pic. 239Rosenzweig, Sue. Young adolescents andlibraries. 217-218 (Report of speech)Russell, Mattie U. See Book Reviews(Butler)Russell, Robert C.Collection development in amunicipal public library. 35-38Receives 1983-85 Ray Moore Award.198Sanders, Anne D. The Hatteras Library:Asmall unit in a regional system. 43-44Sanders, Julie. See Book Reviews(Green).Scott, Ralph Lee. Libraries, books, andculture. 108-109Sharpe, Wrenn. Library services fordeaf students. 143-145Pic. 143Sheppard, Jan. North Carolina StateLibrary NACO Project. 233-234Pic. 233Shires, Nancy. See Book Reviews(Wilder).Shivers, Louise. Speaks at QueensCollege Friends of the LibraryLuncheon. pic. 63Shoffner, Linda. Receives North CarolinaLibrary Association MemorialScholarship. 145Shrader, Richard. See Book Reviews(Whisnant).Smith, Everard H. See Book Reviews(Davis) (MacBryde).Smith, Marti. pic. 202Southern Correctional Center, Troy. pics.152, 153, 154Speller, Dr. Benjamin F. Jr. AppointedDean of North Carolina CentralUniversity School of Library andInformation Science. pic. 211Stewart, Alva.Letter to the Editor. 66Tetterton, Beverly. See Book Reviews(Eaton).Thompson, James H. The system ofallocations from the book budget atUNC-G, 17-19Thornburg, Lacy H.To address Biennial Conference. 116Thornton Library, Oxford. pic. 205Thornton Library, Oxford. pic. 2051985 Winter"259

Tuchmayer, Harry. Building a usablelibrary collection. 5-8Introduction. 4Letter to the Editor. 66Tugwell, Helen. Introduction. 227University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill.Department of History andGovernment. 1934 facultypicture. 90School of Library Science. SponsorsCleaver Symposium. 38Viele, George B. Computers andcollection development. 20-22Walker, Alice B. The Governor MoreheadSchool Library. 140-142Western Carolina Center library,Morganton. pic. 165Williams, Bird R. Computer project atWestern Carolina Center library. 164-165Guidelines for Using the IndexToNorth Carolina LibrariesYarborough, Margaretta. See BookReviews (McCorkle).York, Maurice C. The American ImprintsInventory in North Carolina. 87-97York, Maurice C. See Book Reviews(McCrary) (Parker) (Vickers).Young, Beth. See Book Reviews(Schweitzer).Young, Diana. See Book Reviews(Brooks).1. The index is alphabetized letter by letter. Names beginning with oMc� and oMac� precede all other entries under the letter oM.�ANS OF~@. Articles are indexed by the first-named author, with cross references from co-authors up to the number of two. Titles are indexed onlywhen they have no author.Book reviews are listed alphabetically under the heading Book Reviews by the author of the book being reviewed. ReviewersT namesfollow each book title, preceded by the phrase oRev. by.� Each reviewer's name is also listed separately, with a cross reference to BookReviews, followed by the name of the author of the book in parentheses.Bibliographies are arranged alphabetically by title under the heading Bibliographies, with separate author entries.Editorials are arranged alphabetically by title under the heading Editorials, with a cross reference from the name of the editor.Death and memorial notices are listed alphabetically under the heading Deaths, with a separate entry under the name of the deceased.Alllibrary organizations are entered under the full names. Material on the substructures of these organizations, such as committees,roundtables, etc., is listed alphabetically under the organization name. (For example, for material on the activities, officers, reports,committees, and roundtables of NCLA, see North Carolina Library Association.)All acronyms are filed in alphabetical order, not at the beginning of each letter.Public libraries are entered under the name of the parent institution (e.g. North Carolina State University. D. H. Hill Library).Reprints of speeches are entered with no designation that they have previously been presented to the public. However, abbreviatedsummaries of speeches have the designation (Report of speech).11. Reports of papers not printed in full are designated (Paper).12. The abbreviations opic.,� oobit.,� and ocomp.� are used to identify pictures, obituaries, bibliographies, and compilers.260"North Carolina Libraries

EDITORIAL STAFFEditor ChildrenTs ServicesFRANCES BRADBURN BONNIE FOWLERCentral Regional Education Center 237 Arrowleaf DrivePublic LibraryBOB RUSSELLElbert Ivey Memorial Library :P.O. Box 549Knightdale, NC 27545(919) 266-9282Associate EditorPATSY J. HANSELCumberland County PublicLibraryBox 1720Fayetteville, NC 28302(919) 483-8600Associate EditorROSE SIMONDale H. Gramley LibrarySalem CollegeWinston-Salem, NC 27108(919) 721-2649Book Review EditorALICE COTTENWilson LibraryUNC-Chapel HillChapel Hill, NC 27514(919) 962-1172Advertising ManagerJULIE SANDERSThruway Branch LibraryThruway Shopping CenterWinston-Salem, NC 27103(919) 727-2337Editor, Tar Heel LibrariesHOWARD F. McGINNDivision of State Library109 East Jones StreetRaleigh,NC 27611(919) 733-2570Lewisville, NC 27023(919) 945-5236College and UniversityCLARENCE TOOMERShaw University Library118 E. South StreetRaleigh,NC 27611(919) 755-4930Community and JuniorCollege LibrariesRICHARD WELLSRandolph Technical CollegeP.O. Box 1009Asheboro, NC 27203(919) 629-1471DocumentsMICHAEL COTTER_J.Y. Joyner LibraryEast Carolina UniversityGreenville, NC 27834(919) 757-6533Junior Members Round TableVIVIAN BEECHNew Hanover Co. PublicLibrary201 Chestnut StreetWilmington, NC 28401(919) 763-3303N.C. Association of SchoolLibrariansKATHERINE CAGLER. J. Reynolds High SchoolWinston-Salem, NC 27104(919) 727-2061Address all correspondence to: Frances Bradburn, EditorCentral Regional Education Center, P.O. Box 549Knightdale, NC 27545420 Third Avenue NWHickory, NC 28601(704) 322-2905Reference and Adult ServicesILENE NELSONDuke University LibraryDurham, NC 27706(919) 684-2373Round Table for EthnicMinority ConcernsYOUNG-HE RICHARDSSarah Graham KenanLibrarySt. Mary's College900 HillsboroughRaleigh, 27603(919) 828-2521 Ext. 314Round Table on the Status ofWomen in LibrarianshipJEAN WELDONDuke University LibraryDurham, NC 27706(919) 684-4383TrusteesELEANOR B. KNOTTSStanly County Public LibraryRoute 2, Box 505Albemarle, NC 28001(704) 982-7434North Carolina Libraries, published four times a year, is the official publication of the North Caro-lina Library Association. Membership dues include a subscription to North Carolina Libraries. Member-ship information may be obtained from the treasurer of NCLA.Subscription rates for 1984 are $20.00 per year, or $5.00 per issue, for domestic subscriptions; $25.00per year, or $7.00 per issue, for foreign subscriptions. Backfiles are maintained by the editor. Microfilmcopies are available through University Microfilms International. North Carolina Libraries is indexed byLibrary Literature and publishes its own annual index.Editorial correspondence should be addressed to the editor; advertisement correspondence shouldbe addressed to the advertising manager. Articles are juried.North Carolina Libraries is printed by Meridional Publications, Wake Forest, NC.Issue deadlines are February 10, May 10, August 10, and November 10.

LSVH 8O0E7?) WvHoOIWLLOGd