542 NortH CAROLINA Troops, 1861~’65. Clover depot, took command of it and with the remnant of the brigade headed for F armville, he was met by a staff officer bringing news of Lee’s surrender and directing us to report at Danville, Va. Here we were met by instructions from the Secretary of War to go to our homes and await instructions, the commanding officer of each regiment to report to General Johnston at Greensboro. This was done and when General Johnston surrendered most of the regiment took paroles— some never did. CAVALRY UV. INFANTRY. During the first and second years of the war the cavalry did very little hard fighting. The infantry taunted them more or less. In the third and fourth years the cavalry ser- vice was the hardest, while no one battle approximated Get- tysburg, the many skirmishes made an aggregate loss fully equal. Company D, of the Sixty-third, went into action 7 May, 1864, with 68 men in the saddle. 21 August Cap- tain Galloway was wounded. All the other officers had been wounded and 44 of the 68 privates had been hit; six killed on the field. : CONFEDERATE CAVALRY V. FEDERAL CAVALRY. All military men agree that the fighting capacity of men depends greatly on physical vigor and efficient equipment. Physical vigor depends greatly on healthy food and protec- tion from weather. The Confederates had one-fourth pound Nassau bacon and one-half pound corn meal. The Federals had the full United States army rations—meat, bread, vege- tables, coffee, sugar. The Confederates had’ no tent, no fly cloths, and very little clothes except what they got from home. The Federals had tents for their camps and on the march every man had the half of a rubber fly tent. In bivouae two men joined flies, stretched it over a pole and were protected from the hardest rain or severest frost. MILITARY EQUIPMENT. The Confederate trooper had issued to him a saddle, a hav- ersack, a canteen, a part of a bridle, an English carbine, a Stxty-Tuirp REGIMENT. 543 nondescript sabre. A new recruit was always advised to throw away or not draw any of these things, but wait till a battle gave him a chance to get “something worth totin’.” The saddle ruined a horse’s back, the canteen leaked, the hav- ersack of cotton cloth was no protection, the English carbine was muzzle-loading and would not carry a ball fifty yards ac- eurately. The Yankee McClellan saddle was and is the best army saddle ever invented by the wit of man. The canteen would hold a quart and was covered with woolen cloth, cork stopper chained to the canteen, complete in every way. The haversack was capacious and waterproof. Each trooper had a Spencer rifle which would shoot eight times without reload- ing and then could be reloaded at the breech for eight shots more, more quickly than the English carbine for one shot. These rifles would shoot accurately 1,000 yards, and would carry much farther. Each trooper also had a Colt’s army re- volver, shooting six shots without reloading, carrying farther and with more accuracy then the English carbine. Each Yankee thus had fourteen shots to the Confederate’s one, each one of the fourteen more capable of doing harm than the Con- federate’s one. The only wonder is that the Confederate ever stood before him at all. He only did it by capturing his armament. It was a certain sign of a new recruit to see him with any article of Confederate equipment about him. Joun M. Gattoway. Mapison, N. C., 26 April, 1901.