Permanent Settlement

THE TOWN OF BRUNSWICK.

On the 24th of January, 1712, was commissioned the first
governor of the province of North Carolina, separate and dis-

tinct from the province of South Carolina.
In the year 1711 a horrible massacre of the colonists in Albe-

marle occurred, which was characterized by such fiendish
cruelty on the part of the Indians, led principally by Tusca-
roras, that the colony on the Neuse and Pamlico was blighted
for years and well-nigh destroyed. One hundred and thirty
persons were butchered in two hours under the most appalling
circumstances. Women were laid upon the house floors and
great stakes driven through their bodies; other atrocities were
committed too frightful to think of, and more than eighty un-
baptized infants were dashed to pieces against trees. Although
it appears that there were occasional difficulties with the In-
dians during the early settlements, this seems to have been the
first general uprising in the province. It led to the Tuscarora
War, which would probably have exterminated the white peo-
ple in North Carolina but for the timely and generous assist-
ance of South Carolina, which voted £4,000 sterling, and dis-
patched troops immediately to Albemarle without so much as
asking for security or promise to pay. It is this war which
leads us to the introduction of Col. James Moore, son of Gov.
James Moore, of South Carolina, who came from South Caro-
lina with a second force of troops to the help of our colonists,
and by his active and efficient campaign made short work of the
Tuscaroras and restored peace to our sorely troubled people.
Meanwhile, a third army had come from South Carolina
under Maj. Maurice Moore, a younger brother of Col. James
Moore, who after peace remained in Albemarle. The next year
the people of South Carolina were themselves in danger of ex-
termination because of a most terrible Indian war, and Maj.
Maurice Moore was dispatched with a force to their relief. He
marched along the coast, crossing the Cape Fear near Sugar
Loaf, and was so well pleased with the river lands that he con-
ceived the idea of settling them. The Lords Proprietors, how-
ever, had prohibited the making of any settlement within twenty

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Permanent Settlement 39

miles of that river, and it was some time before he could carry
nage plan. Finally, in 1725, he and his kindred and friends
en emarle and South Carolina joined in settling the Cape
So. His brother, Roger Moore, came with his hun-
: slaves and built Orton, while Maurice Moore selected a
re : mirable site on a bluff near Orton, fifteen miles below
are — city of Wilmington, and laid out a town which he
ere runswick, in honor of the reigning family. Brunswick
ne ed eae for a steady stream of population flowed in,
se — of the river grew rapidly. In 1731 Dr. Brickell
she n his Natural History of North Carolina, “Brunswick
Py mare trade, a number of merchants and rich planters.”
Rs early period forty-two vessels, carrying valuable
ss sailed from the port in one year.
os — me the original book of entries and clearances
NOTES * annic Majesty’s custom house at the port of Bruns-
Wee ss 2% province of North Carolina, beginning with A. D.
Tt is atic : reign of George III., and running for three years.
er ahs Sty bound in leather, somewhat injured by abuse for
Tania Nee during Revolutionary times, but it contains in
er eis e oe wonderfully well preserved, a record
Baia Be: 1undred vessels, with the particulars of their car-
wht = Among the names of the trading vessels, some
Garces re remarkable, are the brig Orton, the brig Walming-
: nd the schooner Rake’s Delight.
- — ae cargoes are significant ; 20 negroes, 50 hogsheads
a , : : bags of salt, ete. The outward cargoes to ports
a Bess — to the West Indies, and to London, Bristol,
aS ' distant destinations, were mostly lumber, staves, tar,
= rice, corn, wheat, and tobacco.
Gas ee ship Ulysses, Captain Wilson, brought from
haan om Pt and, October 18, 1773, to Brunswick, furniture,
silke ice es, re shoes, linen, hats, gunpowder,
aay Fane “eres aa and “shott,”’ also port wine, rugs, toys,
a Ho brigs, notably the Baliol, brought many settlers
ae ean a of — went farther up to Cross Creek,
View, eer mong these was the distinguished lady,
There are no available records of trade and commerce per-
% to Brunswick or to the new settlement at Wilmington.

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Ppears, however, that many of the plantations established

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