[This text is machine generated and may contain errors.]

From the Editor

Plummer Alston oAl� Jones, Jr.,

Unity v. Diversity:
The Dilemma of
Professionalism

44 " Fall 2002

e have grown up knowing the motto of the Three Musketeers: All for
One, One for All. Now we more fully understand that the musketeers
were articulating in rather elegant shorthand their endorsement of the
concepts of group unity and group diversity.

Most would agree that the North Carolina Library AssociationTs
strength lies in the fact that it is a very diverse organization offering a forum
for public librarians, school librarians, and academic librarians as well as
librarians in various specializations in librarianship. NCLA has consistently
advocated that libraries need to change to accommodate new user groups
and meet their special emerging needs " even to the point of creating a new

membership organization (round table usually) to serve a new group.

Unfortunately, NCLA has not been as successful in achieving the

concept of group unity. To put it quite simply, we as members of a diverse

organization have still not learned to collaborate " to work together to
solve common problems. Most of our members feel extreme loyalty for
sections or round tables that address issues affecting them individually
and collectively. What appears on the surface to be loyalty can lead
inexorably to the belief that NCLA is superfluous to the needs of a particu-
lar interest group.

| personally view NCLA as the glue that binds all of this wonderful

diversity into a powerful unified professional organization. If we work

together, NCLA has the clout to affect societal change through the
political process with the North Carolina General Assembly at the state
level. Since NCLA is the state chapter of the American Library Association,

North Carolina librarians can offer a united voice that will be heard at the
national level also.

| would like for NCLA members to see NCLA not as superfluous or even
part of the problem, but as part of the solution. | believe that NCLA is dealing
with a societal problem that is bigger even than NCLA " a widespread
distrust of large organizations " a problem not only statewide, but also
nationwide and even on an international scale. The dissolution of this wide-
spread distrust must be accomplished one organization at a time, one state at
a time. LetTs work together to make NCLA a model for the other state library
associations to emulate.

ALA President in the late 1970s, Eric Moon, formerly editor of Library
Journal and retired publisher and head of Scarecrow Press, called for the
reform of ALATs organizational structure. In MoonTs opinion, ALATs divisions,
including the Association of College and Research Library (ACRL), the Public
Library Association (PLA), and the American Association of School Librarians
(AASL), to name but three of many, were divisive and unwittingly promoted
disunity. In a sense, ALATs multitude of divisions is similar to NCLATs wide array
of sections and roundtables. The recent breakaway from NCLA of the majority
of the former members of the North Carolina Association of School Librarians
Section has weakened our voice at the local, state, and national levels. What
will happen to NCLA if public librarians or academic librarians choose to
leave?

Where is professionalism " our loyalty to the profession of librarianship? |
believe that being a professional means putting the needs of all citizens for
free libraries and unfettered access to information ahead of even the most
noble special interests.

North Carolina Libraries, Vol. 60

From the President

Ross Holt, President

Libraries
Make a
Difference

North Carolina Libraries, Vol. 60

as

EditorTs note: NCLA President Ross HoltTs inspirational column initially ran in
Tar Heel Libraries. \t is reprinted here for the benefit of the readership of North
Carolina Libraries.

ecently | met an extraordinary fellow. | was tending to the Refer-
ence Desk one morning when a circulation librarian escorted a
gentleman to me and said, oRoss, this is Mr. Holmes. YouTve got to
hear his story!�

Mr. Holmes was George Holmes, a semi-retired Episcopal
clergyman and former chemical engineer. He was visiting Asheboro while his
wife was at an appointment in town, and he stopped by the library " to say

thanks.

He explained that, when he worked as an administrator at a
prosperous engineering firm in Asheboro during the 1970s, he suf-
fered two detached retinas back-to-back. He knew that something like
this might happen one day; doctors had told him so during the
waning days of World War Il in Europe, as he recovered from injuries
sustained when he was shot down while flying a reconnaissance
mission over Frankfurt.

Thirty years later, he suddenly found himself looking at a long
recuperation from emergency surgery, unable to see for awhile and
with limited vision for a long period following. He faced the prospect
of being unable to work " especially unnerving when you have nine
kids. oItTs very frustrating when you think your working days are over.
ItTs scary,� he said.

As he recovered from two rounds of surgery, friends told him
about the services for the blind and visually impaired available through the
Randolph County Public Library and put him in touch with then director
(and former NCLA President) Charlesanna Fox. In short order, he was
receiving material such as technical manuals and EPA reports in audio and
large-print formats, material that was essential if he was to keep up with
his fast-moving job.

oThe library kept me working,� he said. o| never thought the library
would turn your morale around,� George said.

George went on to tell me (with a fair amount of prompting) how he
landed with the 29th Infantry at Utah Beach on D-Day to establish the first
Allied air strip, and how, once recovered from his wounds after his air crash,
he volunteered to fly Poles liberated from Dachau and Buchenwald away
from the camps to hospitals and home towns. It was something he would
never forget, and something that led him into the ministry.

| was amazed, and | felt privileged to have met him. | also felt humbled
on understanding anew the difference libraries make in peoplesT lives.

After our conversation, | realized what day it was. It was June 6.

Fall 2002 " 49

T

The Case for

Digitizing Fiction with History

by Nancy Patterson Shires

s there a case for digitizing fiction in support of history? Some
librarians might be surprised to find that there is, and others might
be surprised at the actual reasons or the perhaps the strength of the

Teasons.

In September 2001, J. Y. Joyner Library at East Carolina University
opened to the public the Eastern Carolina Digital History Exhibits

THE BLUE JESSAMINE

Beautiful plates of native wildflowers adorn the
first childrenTs book with a North Carolina setting
(New Bern), Mary Ann Bryan MasonTs A Wreath
from the Woods of Carolina.

46 " Fall 2002

http://www.lib.ecu.edu/exhibits, which initially included:
the tobacco industry in Pitt County; the steamboat industry
that was active in the rivers and sounds of the eastern part of
the state; the life and activities of John Lawson, an early
eighteenth-century explorer of North Carolina; and the
beginnings of East Carolina University. The aspects of history
chosen are particularly important to the eastern region of the
state, which the university and its library serve.

About the same time that the digital history exhibits went
public, the North Carolina Collection at Joyner Library, which
is responsible for one of the exhibits, received a remarkable
collection of fiction set wholly or partially in North Carolina.
The fiction includes some rare items, a number of historical
novels, and novels written during important historical peri-
ods, such as the Civil War, or set locally, such as in New Bern
or Kinston.! The question naturally arose: could the fiction be
used to support the digital historical exhibits also benefit
those interested in eastern North Carolina history?

This question led to a search of the Internet to see if
fiction is being included in digital history Web sites. I found
that most of these Web sites do not include fiction " a no-
table exception being the University of North Carolina at
Chapel HillTs Documenting the American South.� However,
considering the realities of digital history projects, it is per-
haps amazing that fiction is included at all. First of all, these
projects are undertaken largely by academic libraries and state
archives, whose first concern is to provide primary source
material such as letters and diaries. Most digital history Web
sites are relatively new and just developing. The technical
difficulties, copyright problems, time, effort, staff, and costs of

North Carolina Libraries, Vol. 60

little boy just three.

lisp His name.

for children at that time.

& WREATS

lovely"her countenance being expressive of great gentle-

The moralistic tone of MasonTs 1859 book is typical of the literature wit

the projects are high, with the result that relatively few sources can be
digitized and selection of sources tends to be rigorous. Finally, and not to
be ignored, are widely held cultural biases affecting fiction, or what
Joseph Gold calls Frock Coat (fiction is the lofty privilege of a small class
of well-to-do dilettantes); Waste of Time (fiction is frivolous, impractical,
untrue, non-essential, and not productive of money); and Criticizing to
Death (fiction is objects of art approachable only by a few, self-appointed
experts).?

In spite of the obstacles, fiction does appear on some digital history
Web sites and, as Erich J. Kesse, director of the Digital Library Center at
the University of Florida http://web.uflib.ufl.edu/digital/ops, says: oT
have faith that as digital history libraries mature, particularly in the South
with its long traditions of oral history and fiction, weTll include more
fictional resources.�* For the Florida Heritage project, he anticipates
converting the works of Marjorie Kinnan Rawlings and Zora Neal
Hurston, among others.

Further research provided some surprising and compelling reasons for
keeping fiction in the queue of documents to be digitized, and for those
who are considering the inclusion of
fiction in a digital history project " or
particularly for those who have never
even considered the idea " some of
these reasons are summarized below.

Support from the Classroom
Novels, particularly historical ones, are
neither new nor out-of-date in the
history classroom, simply because they
are effective in teaching and learning.
The OAH Magazine of History recently
devoted a special issue (Winter 1999) to
the use of literature in teaching history.

FROM THE WOODS OF CAROLINA. One participating teacher, for example,

reported using HawthorneTs The House
of the Seven Gables and Margaret FullerTs

open gadis mes Woman in the Nineteenth Century to add
I.

Bessie Bl

oOur Father who art in Heaven.�

context to American history for second-
ary and college students.°
ue % ell. In other research, a teacher found
that ohistorical fiction is not the most
efficient way to teach history ... nor is it

On the borders of a small creek, running into the Trent the most interesting way ... Historical
River, just out of New-Bern, dwelt a blind widow, with fiction is, however, the most effective
two small children"a little girl eight years old, and a way .... It gives children a background

for historical events, allowing them to

This widow was a good woman, and taught her chil- relive the past, to internalize it, and
dren to love God, and pray to Him, as soon as they could thereby remember it far better than

they remember information from a

She was quite young, and, although blind, was very textbook. It encourages them to con-

sider the causes of historical events and
the consequences of those events on
human lives.�® The curriculum lab
librarian at Central Connecticut State
University found that many students
were novices at historical research and
had difficulty formulating research
questions, but that historical fiction

North Carolina Libraries, Vol. 60

Fall 2002 " 4/7

could give them both necessary background and an entry into research.T

Jay Pecora, who teaches at Satellite Academy in New York City, is
quoted online at the History Matters Web site under oSecrets of Great
History Teachers�: oI want students to walk away from my classes excited
by the narrative of history. I also want them to discover their inner
resources for handling situations of conflict in their lives ... and under-
stand the actions of people in the past in a visceral way.�8

Though listed as a juvenile book, GrayTs 1930 novel
Meggy MacIntosh is a fine read for adults, too. It
established new standards for childrenTs literature, lifting
it from its didactic past.

Right: Meggy Macintosh, a young Scottish girl, sneaks
aboard a ship to the Carolina colonies ( Wilmington)
just before the American Revolution to meet

her heroine Flora MacDonald.

ee

48 " Fall 2002

Speaking to many students and teachers at
the 2002 North Carolina Literary Festival,
journalist Susan Byrum Rountree related her
own experience. She took every North Carolina
history course offered at the University of
North Carolina at Chapel Hill but did not
develop any real enthusiasm or appreciation for
history until she moved to Georgia and had to
read that stateTs oofficial history,� Margaret
MitchellTs novel Gone with the Wind. Conse-
quently, she became a historian and recently
published The Nags Headers.?

Support from Social Research
In modern society, research indicates that the
burden of storytelling has shifted to written
fiction. Moreover, written fiction is the best and
one of the very few places where story can
function in modern society.

Social historians have studied the impor-
tance of story in preserving human cultures and





174 MEGGY MacINTOSH

funds in hand to help them, and keep them loyal. AndI _
doot it will be many a long day before I can wring reim-
bursement oot 0T the government. His Excellency saw
to it that the ship did not pass the Cruizer without all
the men taking the Oath of Allegiance. They'll get to
Cross Creek in time tae join the Highland regiment.
oGovernor Martin made them take the Oath
Allegiance before they landed?� repeated Meggy. o
they have not seen this country yet. How can they
how they will feel toward it? They may not wish
fight against it after they have been here for a time.
oAye, that is exactly the contingency tha
Excellency is endeavoring to forestall,� admitted
MacDonaldTs son-in-law composedly.
oBut it is not fair!�
oPerhaps not, perhaps not. ItTs war, lass, and
*tis best for them in the long run. ThereTs noug
gained by fighting against the King. Look at C
and the fate that they had who fought against the
there.�
Meggy was silent. She was thinking of that
oath, and of the men who had been compelled
Exhausted by the long voyage across the oc
must have been, and braced for the difficult
making a home and a living for their fz
strange new land where most folk knew not |
tongue. How those cutting phrases must
been coined for them .. . o May I be killed in

North Carolina Libraries, Vol. 60

A NEW WORK,
Descriptive of Southern Social Life,

BY THE AUTHOR oF

AMONG THE PINES,

Is now in course of publication in

THE oCon'rr VYENTAXL

PUBLISHED nY

J. R. GILMORE,

582 Broadway, o

MONTEL Y,

- NEW yorx.

have documented the fall of the oral tradition and the rise of the written
one, with all the resulting changes in social classes, power structures, and
lines and means of communication. The rise of the modern media and
othe information age� in relation to human communities has also been
studied. Significant findings are:

e The modern media, including television, radio, newspapers, and maga-
zines, have not taken over the responsibility for story and, in fact, more
often than not, discourage it.!°

¢ Fiction engages and connects, provides complexity, humanizes, and

makes whole or completes. Story allows individuals to olive� meaningful
experiences outside their limited time periods and geographical locations
and to know other people intimately and connect with them.!! These
qualities are particularly important in modern society, where the com-
mon characteristics are alienation or detachment (e.g., bored adolescents
who find school irrelevant); simplification or oversimplification (e.g.,
dumbing down); dehumanization (e.g., how violence is used to attract

OR,

SOUTH IN SECESSION-TIME.

BY

EDMUND KIRKE.

TWENTY-THIRD THOUSAND,

*
NEW YORK:
J. R.GILMORE, 532 BROADWAY.

CHARLES T. EVANS.
1862.

*

In 1862 James Gilmore (under his pseudonym Edmund Kirke) wrote the story of a New YorkerTs visit to friends in
southeastern North Carolina (Whiteville?) in Among the Pines: South in Secession-Time. The novel records their

long conversations about slavery.

North Carolina Libraries, Vol. 60

Fall 2002 " 49

Williamston author Sarah J. C. Whi

audiences); and incompleteness (e.g., shallowness of most news stories).
Neil Postman writes: oAs no other medium before or since, the book
promotes a sense of a coherent and usable past.� !2

Support from Brain Research, Neurolinguistics, Psychology,

and Related Areas
Evidence from various scientific fields is revealing that the human brain
has evolved in a way that prefers or relies on the structure and process of
story. In his new work The Story Species: Our Life-Literature Connection,
Joseph Gold asserts that human brains will organize data into stories no
matter what they are constructing. Literature (i.e., fiction or story) is

ttleseyTs

:

sector rpmaeumr rant

1872 novel Bert

a ee

ha the Beauty

is typical of the sentimental literature published after the Civil War (1872).

-_ooOO Cr """""

20 " Fall 2002



obuilt upon a brain process for manag-
ing and transmitting information� and
is oan evolved brain strategy that uses
story sequencing as a management tool
for organizing vast amounts of informa-
tioty. "+9

Story may indeed be crucial to
managing and developing as humans
must in order to survive and cope with
the world. oOnly Literature can make
life intelligible, unified, organized,�
Gold writes.'4

The complex text of fiction acti-
vates or calls upon many areas and
processes of the brain, including the five
senses. There is no comparable source of
such complexity. A very basic descrip-
tion of the process is that the left brain
decodes, and the right brain supplies
the three-dimensional images, smells,
emotions, and ambient textures.!5 Thus, "
the reader not only learns a numerical
date and the name of a geographical
place, but also feels the hot, dry wind
blowing in the face of the drought-
stricken farmer and makes the experi-
ence his or her own. In this way, history
is remembered better.

One way that fiction accomplishes
its unique mission is that it engages
emotion. Emotion, far from being
negligible or dangerous, as it is often
considered in Western thought, is
essential to memory. The neurologist
Antonio Damasio writes: oFeelings,
along with the emotions they come
from, are not a luxury.� !° Gold adds:
oEmotions are thus a vast extension of
thinking ability.� !7

From the perspective of psychology,
fiction has been found to help individu-
als form and constantly revise identity,
a process necessary for growth and
maturation. Also, when emotion is
joined with thought, the person ad

North Carolina Libraries, Vol. 60

vances toward wholeness.

As for television, brain research shows that during the barrage of
advertising messages or other bits of information or entertainment, the
neocortex is largely inactive and neural networks are slowed down in
change and growth.!8

Conclusions

Including relevant fiction along with digitized history helps the reader
to deal effectively with the various letters, photos, and census records or
the individual bits and pieces of history revealed. It is an organizer and
a model and helps the reader form the fragments of digital history into



Pa i Sate ee ee

FACSIMILE EDITION

~The CaptainTs Bride
A Tale of the War
vr
The DeserterTs Daughter

by
William D. Herrington

William D. Herrington
(Pactolus, Pitt County)
served as a Confederate
soldier and wrote these two
novelettes in 1864-65.
Though not considered
ogood� literature, the
novelettes were snapped
up by the book-hungry
public of the time and, for
later readers, they describe
the camp and social life of
Civil War soldiers and less
well-known engagements
in the Kinston area.

TT

EDITED BY W. KEATS SPARROW

North Carolina Libraries, Vol. 60 Fall 2002 " 71

" ee eee ee ee " """$$"""""""""S aS ee |

a meaningful whole.

A further implication for librarians arises: how much more effective
could a digital history site be if the whole were envisioned as a narrative,
the story of a particular thing, with all the digitized documents contribut-
ing chapters, subplots, characters, and such? The undergirding structure
of story can bring the parts together into a meaningful whole, something
to be kept in mind as priorities are established and resources selected and
as documents are gathered into sections and cross-links provided.

Edward Ayers at the University of Virginia suggests, oCould it be that
digital archives might move us toward more complex, more literary, forms
of narrative?� He foresees that digital archives will proliferate and that
historians can be catalysts in the creation oof a more literary kind of
history.�!°

Adjustments may have to be made. If a novel is quite long, for ex-
ample, or if it is readily available in many libraries, perhaps only a chapter
or significant passages can or should be digitized. Still, such fictional
selections could be valuable and also would lead Web site readers to the
full original work of fiction.

In conclusion, for a variety of reasons " educational, social, psycho-
logical, biological " fiction is important in the study of history. Not only
can novels and stories be valuable additions to digital history Web sites,
but also narrative structure itself can enhance their usefulness.

References

1 The fiction titles discussed here are included in the Snow L. and B. W.
C. Roberts Collection, donated in May 2001, and called by appraiser
Joseph Natale of Chapel Hill, oone of the largest, if not the largest such
collection ever formed by an individual,� in his appraisal letter of April
Ze 200i:

2 This site is available at http://docsouth.unc.edu. Fiction is listed
clearly as one of the categories.

3 Joseph Gold, The Story Species: Our Life-Literature Connection (Allston,
MA: Fitzhenry & Whiteside, 2002), 222-33.

4 Erich J. Kesse, e-mail, June 4, 2002.

5 Elizabeth Fay and Wayne Hatmaker, oLived History: A Multimedia
Approach,� OAH Magazine of History 13 (Winter 1999): 14-16.

6 Kathy Nawrot, oMaking Connections with Historical Fiction,� The
Clearing House 69 (July/Aug. 1996), 343-45.

7 Frances A. Nadeau, oFiction as a Springboard to U. S. History Research
Projects,� The Social Studies 85 (Sept.-Oct. 1994): 222-24.

8 Jay Pecora, interview, available at http://historymatters.gmu.edu/d/
6479.

° Susan Byrum Rountree, North Carolina Literary Festival, Chapel Hill,
April 6, 2002. Author of Nags Headers (Winston-Salem: John Blair, 2001).

10 See, for example, Chapter 10: oMedia Madness,� in Gold, Story Species,
166-81.

11 Terrence W. Deacon. The Symbolic Species: The Co-Evolution of Language
and the Brain (New York: Norton, 1997), 430.

12 Neil Postman, quoted in Gold, Story Species, 215.

13 Gold, Story Species, xxiv, 17.

14 Ibid., 46.

©: dba, 153.

16 Antonio Damasio, DescartesT Error (New York: Grosset/Putnam, 1994), xv.

17 Gold, Story Species, 77

I if a

19 Edward L. Ayers, oThe Pasts and Future of Digital History,� available at
http://www.vcdh.virginia.edu/PastsFutures.html.

92 " Fall 2002 North Carolina Libraries, Vol. 60

From Manteo to Murphy:
Young Adult Historic Fiction
Set in North Carolina

by Pat McGee

orth Carolina with its status as one of the original thirteen colonies,
not to mention its role in secession and the Civil War, possesses a
fascinating history. With its three distinctive geographic and climac-
tic regions, the state has even been marketed as the oVariety Vaca-
tion Land.� Why then do social studies students complain so bit-
terly about the dullness of its history? Perhaps the answer to that
question lies in the materials used to teach the stateTs past. Textbooks by
their very nature are filled with facts yet lack narrative unity, excitement,
and personal connections for young readers. While textbooks provide an
important framework for structuring the teaching of history, young adult
literature is a valuable classroom supplement.
We need to heed Christopher CollierTs exuberant charge that there is
ono better way to teach history than to embrace potential learners and
fling them into a living past.�! Historical fiction allows young
people to oappreciate important historical events on human
terms, from the eyes of individuals of adolescent age who

While textbooks pr ovide an experienced history.�* Certainly my own interest in history

i rtant framework for was fostered by my reading of Alice Turner CurtisTs Little Maid
Ae GEOL TAIDEWO k historical series. The fact that I lived in Rhode Island and could

structur ing the teaching of read the adventures of A Little Maid of Narragansett Bay and A

° . Little Maid of Newport made my connection with my stateTs past
history, young adult literature 4) 44. more real to me.

is a valuable classroom Few would argue with Ly LeeTs assertion that, oYoung
Adult Literature is an important and valuable tool for helping
) upp | ement. students learn and for motivating them to read.� Classroom

teachers have long recognized that reading is indeed a gateway

skill to other learning and that reading skills apply across the

curriculum. From my own experience as a classroom teacher, I

have found that well-written young adult fiction is indeed an
effective way to engage middle-school students and capture their imagina-
tions. I have used both Ester ForbesTs Johnny Tremain and Mildred TaylorTs
Roll of Thunder in middle-school social studies classrooms, and while these
are excellent works, they lack North Carolina connections.

The question that I propose to examine is whether North Carolina
classroom teachers can draw upon a strong body of young adult historic
fiction that will bring the social studies curriculum to life for middle-grades
students. Are there stories with clearly recognizable North Carolina settings
and a connection to the history of our state that meet the criteria of

North Carolina Libraries, Vol. 60 Fall 2002 " 97

94 " Fall 2002

literary excellence, relevant themes, realistic plots, and appealing charac-
ters? Does young adult literature possess examples that would give young
readers a realistic understanding of lifeTs and historyTs oambiguities, unan-
swered questions and loose ends� and at the same time encourage our
young people to read?~ In searching for appropriate titles I sought out
works that were set in a clearly defined historical period from the colonial
times to the 1950s. I looked for titles, which could be directly connected to
the North Carolina social studies curriculum, that are historically accurate
and that have lively, interesting characters. I also looked for characters
with whom young adults could identify and who face issues and themes of
universal relevance.

Colonial Origins and the American Revolution:

North CarolinaTs beginnings are revealed in protagonist Jessabel ArchardeTs
lively and colorful narrative of the voyage of the Red Lyon from England
to the shores of Roanoke Island. Author M.L.Stainer has clearly done
considerable historical research and vividly recounts the miseries of the
transatlantic voyage, the conflict between John White, leader of the Lost
Colony, and Simon Fernandez, the shipTs captain, and the perils of life in
the New World. Jessabel comes of age witnessing birth and death, threats
from the Spanish and hostile Indians, illness, and privation. Four succeed-
ing volumes carry on the story of the settlers, but I found the later vol-
umes disappointing crossovers into the genre of historical romance.
Jessabel falls in love with Akaiyan, a member of the Croatan Indian tribe,
in the second volume, and, in the third volume, they are wed.

In Albert Leeds StillmanTs Drums Beat in Old Carolina, Jamie Hill is
transported in irons to the New World for poaching one of the kingTs deer.
Jamie survives mutiny and storms that toss him up upon the shores of
Hatteras, only to have his indenture purchased by a disguised French
aristocrat who is illegally manufacturing saltpeter. Jamie gets caught up in
the backcountry Regulator movement and through a series of rollicking
adventures gains his freedom. Through his skills as gunpowder maker,
Jamie fulfills his desire to tweak King GeorgeTs nose. StillmanTs story is one
that challenges the young reader; the dialogue is filled with period lan-
guage and the vocabulary is complex. Readers will have to seek out dictio-
naries in order to discover that collops and manchet are bread and bacon.
Nevertheless, this action-filled story rewards the persevering.

David B. WeemsTs melodramatically titled, Son of an Earl ... Sold for a
Slave, describes the hardships of life as an indentured servant. The protago-
nist, John Gour, a young Scottish earl who is tricked into indentured
servitude by his evil uncle, crosses paths with legendary Scottish heroine
Flora MacDonald and is a participant in the Revolutionary War Battle of
MooreTs Creek. WeemsTs tale raises important questions about loyalty, a
perennial issue with young adults, and social class. Gour ultimately de-
cides to keep his new identity as oJohn Scott� and to reject his heritage of
class distinction. John chooses to support the Patriot cause in America and
not return to Scotland to obe the one who looked down on other people.�*

Slavery and the Civil War:

Slavery comes alive in all its brutality and cruelty in Belinda HurmenceTs
finely crafted A Girl Called Boy. Boy is Blanche Overtha Yancy, a pettish
and rather spoiled youngster, who finds that osomething strange and
awful had happened to her, and she didnTt know what it was.�° She has
traveled back in time to 1853 and, in the company of two other escapees,
Ike and his son Isaac, is on the run from slave catchers. Boy is captured by
an overseer and loaded on a wagon to be returned to the Yancy plantation.
Hurmence has done an excellent job of capturing the details of the lives of

North Carolina Libraries, Vol. 60

slaves and the differences between house and field hands.

A gifted and eloquent writer who uses vivid and colorful details,
Hurmence creates realistic, balanced, and sympathetic characters. Boy
becomes entrapped in the subtle psychological snares of slavery. oShe knew
she had gotten mentally lazy; she had quit thinking for herself.� She flees
the plantation and, as she crosses into her own world, she learns the
powerful lesson that it is not magic that makes things happen. oBoy
possessed her own powers. She was free to choose, and she understood that
now.��

Mary E. LyonsTs Letters from a Slave Girl is a fictionalized autobiographi-
cal account of the life of a real person, Harriet Jacobs. Jacobs, a literate
slave from Edenton, North Carolina, spent seven years living in a store-
room hiding from the relentless searching of her vindictive masters. She
was smuggled on board a ship that sailed to Philadelphia and freedom in
1842. Lyons has recreated the language of the period while at the same
time crafting a book that young adult readers will find very readable. The
work has the added plus of excellent period illustrations and an account of
HarrietTs life as a free person.

Two exceptionally well-written Civil War titles are Sandra ForresterTs
Sound the Jubilee and Belinda HurmenceTs Tancy. The former is the story of
Maddie, an eleven-year-old house slave, who lives with her family on River
Bend Plantation. As the Yankee soldiers come increasingly close, the
mistress seeks refuge with her house servants, MaddieTs family, at the
familyTs summer home on Nags Head, Roanoke Island. Maddie is pulled
between her motherTs desire for safety and security at the expense of
freedom and her fatherTs spirit of rebellion and resistance. But even
Roanoke Island is not safe, and when the Yankees invade the island
MaddieTs family chooses to cast their lot with the northerner invaders.

Forrester realistically portrays the difficulties of the ex-slaves in coping
with freedom and the adjustments faced by both races. She unflinchingly
illustrates the racial prejudices of the Yankee troops who vandalize the
colored school and terrorize the colored church congregation. While life
on Roanoke Island provides a measure of safety from the war, in the end
the white landowners receive pardons and regain title to their property.
MaddieTs papa dies on a Tennessee battlefield, and his family is left without
even the comfort of burying his body. The family moves to the mainland
with the hope of buying land. Maddie takes her dreams with her. oShe
wanted to go to the North ... to see the cities and the people .... She wanted
to learn everything about everything.�® For those students who become
especially caught up in the story of Maddie and her family, Forrester has
written a sequel, My Home is Over Jordan, that carries on the story of
Maddie, who wants to become a teacher.

Tancy, the central character in Belinda HurmenceTs book of the same
name, is a house slave living at GaitherTs Mill about twenty-five miles from
Statesville. Because she has had an indulgent master, she has learned to
read and discovered that she was born on June 17, 1848, to Lulu. Now that
she knows her real birthday, she wants to find out about her mother. In
this story of growth and self-discovery, Tancy thwarts an attempted rape by
her half-brother, finds out her mother had been sold off from a neighbor-
ing plantation, and after emancipation and the end of the war, sets off
with Jemmy, an abandoned boy, to find her mother. She obtains a clerical
job with the FreedmanTs Bureau in Knoxville, Tennessee, and later becomes
a teacher for the same organization.

The novel illuminates not only the good intentions but also the short-
comings of the FreedmanTs Bureau and the difficulties of postwar adjust-
ment. Tancy reunites Jemmy with his natural mother, although she disap

North Carolina Libraries, Vol. 60 Fall 2002 " 99

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76 " Fall 2002

proves of the way his family lives. She discovers her mother, but like many
of lifeTs discoveries, the knowledge carries a measure of pain. TancyTs birth
mother, Lucinda, called Sin, is the landlord for the black shantytown and
regarded as a ostingy old crook� by the inhabitants. When her FreedmanTs
Bureau job vanishes with the closing of the Bureau itself, Tancy returns in
despair to GaitherTs Mill. She finds that the people of her former home try
to manipulate the course of her life. She rejects their interference and
returns to Knoxville, but this time she returns ohealed and whole.� In this
powerful story with its vivid setting, young adults will find Tancy a charac-
ter with whom they can readily empathize. Tancy faces reality without
flinching, makes difficult decisions, and, in the process of discovering her
mother, discovers herself as well.

The 1890s:

North CarolinaTs coastal region and the Outer Banks at the turn of the
century are vividly depicted in Theodore TaylorTs Hatteras trilogy"
Teetoncey, Teetoncey and Ben OTNeal, and The Odyssey of Ben OTNeal. Vivid
settings, strongly drawn characters, and eloquent language characterize all
of TaylorTs stories.

Ben OTNeal, the son of a Hatteras lifesaving captain, who was lost in a
powerful storm, and his widowed mother give refuge to Wendy Lynn
Appleton, the sole survivor of the wreck of the Malta Empress. The people
of the Outer Banks regard Wendy, who is mute from the shock of her
experience, with suspicion. Ben and his mother hope to care for the girl,
whom they name Teetoncey oTee,� until she recovers from her ordeal. At
the end of the first volume she recovers the power of speech and reveals
that the Malta Empress was carrying bullion from the sale of Appleton
property in the Caribbean.

In the second volume, Ben, Tee, and friends become involved in a
search to recover the two chests of silver that went down with the Malta
Empress. When word leaks out of the treasure, the chief of the lifesaving
station, accompanied by the British consul, the federal taxman, and
others, launches a salvage operation witnessed by the entire community.
The silver is rescued, only to be cut loose and dropped into deep water by
BenTs mother, who fears the destructive impact the money will have on
the community. After BenTs mother dies from pneumonia, the British
consul makes arrangements for Teetoncey to return to her home in En-
gland and the guardianship of a hated uncle.

In the final volume, Ben, now an orphan, ships out to Barbados as
stewardTs boy on a square-rigger. Tee manages to escape from the consul
and books passage on the same ship as Ben. On the run from the authori-
ties, she sails to Barbados, returns to Norfolk, and then moves on to
London, Ben accompanying her along the way. Told by Ben in 1914, after
he and Tee have married and settled on the Outer Banks, the stories have
the added bonus of youngsters who outwit and outflank adults, a sure-fire
draw for young readers.

The Conspiracy of the Secret Nine, set at the time of the Wilmington Riot
of 1898, deals with perhaps the most horrific racial event of the post-Civil
War period in North Carolina. Troy Worth, African American, and Randy
Hollis, his white next-door neighbor, are friends, despite RandyTs fatherTs
bitter prejudice. The two boys stumble onto the conspiracy of whites to
wrest political control from the hands of the African American/white
Republican coalition. Bland has peopled her work with loosely disguised
real characters " Lawyer Upton for Armand Scott and Alex Strong for the
newspaper publisher Alex Manly. The friendship between the two boys is
shattered by the events of the riots, and Troy plays an important role in
StrongTs last-minute escape from the raging mob. In the final scene of the

North Carolina Libraries, Vol. 60

North Carolina Libraries, Vol. 60

" 5%

story Troy and his family also flee Wilmington. The story accurately
depicts both the setting and the events. However, BlandTs characters are
flat and lack development. For example, she provides no plausible expla-
nation why the friendship between Troy and Randy is so easily destroyed.
It is disappointing that a significant event in the stateTs history is re-
counted in such a skimpy fashion.

The Beginnings of the Twentieth Century:
Piedmont life is revealed in William H. HookTs A Flight of Dazzle Angels.
Annie Earle Roland, the fifteen-year-old protagonist copes with a very
special brother, Brodie Lacewell, who frequently lapses into a fugue state,
her mother, who spends her days reclining on a chaise lounge beset by
oillness,� and Annie EarleTs own clubfoot. Buoyed by the support of Queen
Esther, the granddaughter of the familyTs housekeeper, and strengthened
by a short-lived romance with the handsome Achilles McPherson, Annie
Earle thwarts the predatory machinations of her Aunt Kat and learns that
she can and will live her life as she chooses. Annie EarleTs grand plans for
her future include commercial development of the town, certainly a
nontraditional role for a woman in the early part of the twentieth century.
In Thirteen Miles from Suncrest, Donald Davis has attempted to weave
together the strands of family life and national events in the journal entries
of protagonist Medford McGee. MedfordTs journal records life on a small
farm in the Appalachian Mountains from 1910 to 1913. However, by having
his protagonist recount the headlines of the day, Davis has crammed in
chunks of historical fact that sometimes intrude upon the even flow of the
story. The didactic quality of the prose is a trifle overwhelming to the
young reader and at times interferes with the flow of the story.

The Depression:

Circle of Fire by William Hooks and With Wings as Eagles by Patsy Leary are
set in the difficult times of the 1930s and deal with issues of race relations.
In Hooks'Ts Circle of Fire, Harrison Hawkins, the eleven-year-old white
protagonist and his two African American friends, Scrap and Kitty Fisher,
stumble onto an encampment of Irish tinkers who are fleeing from the Ku
Klux Klan. HarrisonTs world is torn apart by fear"fear that his father might
be involved with the Klan and fear for his friends. oKitty and Scrap were
my best friends in the whole world, and I knew it and they knew it. And
something awful was running in on us, shoving us apart, dividing us up in
a way none of us wanted.� In a violent confrontation between the Klan
and the gypsies, Harrison, Kitty, and Little Hattie set fire to the broom sage
around the camp to drive off the nightriders. HarrisonTs father had mean-
while alerted the sheriff and made arrangements for a safe campsite for the
tinkers in Latta, South Carolina. Harrison learns that ohuman decency
doesnTt seem to be a God-given gift. ItTs a precious thing you have to learn
early and keep working at.�?

In Patsy LearyTs coming-of-age story, With Wings as Eagles, Bubba
Hawkins discovers that when his father returns from prison, oit seemed a
stranger had come; this wasnTt the daddy he remembered.�!° The Hawkins
family has survived with the aid and comfort of a neighboring African
American family, but Bubba in exploring the circumstances behind his
fatherTs arrest and conviction comes to question this friendship. Leary has
crafted a complex story that weaves together themes of interracial friend-
ship, the Ku Klux Klan, and the hard times of the Depression.

World War II:
Leonard ToddTs The Best Kept Secret of the War portrays the North Carolina
home front in the western mountains. Cam Reed is worried about his

Fall 2002 " 9/7

78 " Fall 2002

Sadly, there is not an

father, who has landed with the Normandy invasion forces, and his
mother, who is going for rides with Henry Cawley, the townTs nursing
home operator and black-marketeer. Cam rescues Jeddah Whitmire, an
escapee from CawleyTs institution. Whitmire, who recovers his powers of
speech in the midst of the Sunday church service, blurts out an explana-
tion of reproduction. He interrupts the preacherTs hellfire and brimstone
sermon in one of the funniest scenes dealing with sex education that I
have ever read. In this complex picture of the impact of the war on the
lives of families, the pieces of CamTs olife had been scattered as the ships
and flags on CharlieTs map of the war. Now one by one, I was finding
them.�!!

The 1950s:

Jerrie OughtonTs Music from a Place Called Half Moon is a powerful story of
prejudice and human relations set in 1956. Edie Jo HoupTs father stirs up a
hornetTs nest when he declares that othe mission of a church is to nurture a
whole community� thus opening the door to potential hordes of half-
breeds attending Vacation Bible School. As Edie Jo said, oI thought April
evenings were chilly, but they werenTt anything compared to days when
your daddy wants to integrate a town thatTs digging its hind feet into the
dirt the whole nine yards.� Edie Jo forms a fragile bond with Cherokee
Fish, an Indian boy, who is accidentally killed by his older brother. In this
powerful coming-of-age story, Edie Jo learned where she stood. oOne at a
time, I could accept people for who they were.�!2

Donal HardingTs The Leaving Summer, while lacking a strongly defined
historical theme such as race relations, nevertheless gives a lively account
of subsistence farm life in western North Carolina. Eleven-year-old Austin
CarrollTs world has shifted, or at least that was the
explanation offered by Miss Dixie, the familyTs house-
keeper, due to the events of the summer of 1958. His
mother has left home, for unexplained reasons, to stay
in Winston-Salem. His father has brought home two
convicts to help with the farm work, but they seize the

extensive body of historic first opportunity to escape into the surrounding western
ficti ~th North North Carolina mountains evading the sheriff and his
iction wit ort search party. While HardingTs tale has excessive plot

Carolina setti ng S that i ig strands and a central character with whom young adult

males may have difficulty identifying, the story raises

appropri iate for issues about justice and loyalty which young readers
classroom use.

will easily understand.

Conclusion:

As I read through these young adult novels certain

trends began to appear. A majority of the titles have

either a strong female protagonist or a strong male
protagonist. Few authors have managed, as Theodore Taylor and Jerrie
Oughton do so skillfully in their books, to write stories that have appealing
characters of both genders in leading roles. While having stories with
powerful female heroines is not a bad thing, it is a reality that young adult
males will for the most part resist reading ogirl books.�

Moreover, while both the mountains and the coastal plain have been
readily used as settings, far fewer stories have a piedmont setting. It is
unfortunate, given the importance of industrial development and the rise
of mill villages in the history of North Carolina, that young adult authors
have neglected to write about life in the mill village or early town life.

I was also disappointed that, in spite of the present day emphasis on
multicultural education, the range of ethnicity of the characters is quite

North Carolina Libraries, Vol. 60

limited. While there are wonderful stories with African American charac-
ters, Belinda HurmenceTs marvelous stories immediately come to mind,
other ethnic groups are not well represented. Jerrie Oughton in Music from
a Place Called Half Moon has written a powerful account of race relations
between whites and Native Americans, but this is an exception.

Of the historic periods surveyed, only the Civil War era comes close to
having the number of quality titles that would enable a teacher to assign
different works to small groups. The advantage of the small group ap-
proach is that it allows students to share their reading experiences with
their peers by means of projects, presentations, and discussions. Moreover,
while some schools might be reluctant to spend the dollars required for a
classroom set of novels, the small-group approach sidesteps this issue.

Sadly, there is not an extensive body of historic fiction with North
Carolina settings that is appropriate for classroom use. Overall I found the
results of my examination to be disappointing. Many of the recent works
turned out to be mediocre or uninspiring, while older stories contained
racial and linguistic stereotypes, cliches, and a tolerance for behavior
which modern readers find horrific.

I can wholeheartedly recommend only a few select titles by authors
whose works shine above the rest. William Hooks, Theodore Taylor, Jerrie
Oughton, and Belinda Hurmence have written excellent stories that work
both as literature and as an introduction to history. If the twofold purpose
of using historical fiction in the middle grades classroom is to encourage
reading and stimulate an interest in North CarolinaTs past, then we need
look no further than the titles from these exemplars.

References

1 Christopher Collier, oFact, Fiction and History: The Role of Historian,
Writer, Teacher, and Reader,� ALAN Review 26 (Winter 1987): 7.

2 William G. Brozo, and Michele L. Simpson, Readers, Teachers, Learners:
Expanding Literacy in Secondary Schools, Second ed. (Englewood Cliffs, NJ:
Prentice-Hall, 1995), 241.

3 Ly Lee, The Glory of Young Adult Literature, ED 406 686 (New York:
ERIC, 1997), 3.

4 Collier, 10.

David B. Weems, Son of an Earl ... Sold for a Slave (Gretna: Pelican,
1773). 138.

© Belinda Hurmence, A Girl Called Boy (New York: Clarion, 1982), 30.

7 Hurmence, 129, 163.

8 Sandra Forrester, Sound the Jubilee (New York: Dutton, 1995), 153.

9 William Hooks, Circle of Fire (New York: Atheneum, 1982), 105, 140.

10 Patsy Baker O'Leary, With Wings as Eagles (Boston: Houghton, 1997), 8.

11 Leonard Todd, Best Kept Secret of the War (New York: Knopf, 1984), 164.

12 Jerrie Oughton, Music from a Place Called Half Moon (Boston:
Houghton, 1995), 27, 155.

ABOUT THE AutHors ue

Pat McGee a :
Position: Coordinator uF Media Services, Angee sid Jennette Volpe Library and Media Center,
Tennessee Technological University :
Degrees: B.A. (American Civilization), University of Pocneviviie: M. A (History), University of

North Carolina at Chapel Hill, MLS. cen of North ens at i Greensboro

Nancy Patterson Shires

Position: North Carolina Collection, East Carolina Universiy.
Degrees: B.A., Hiram College; M.L.S., Kent State Aaah M » (Russian Language and
oe Pennsylvania State University.

North Carolina Libraries, Vol. 60

Fall 2002 " 99

60 " Fall 2002

Library and Information Science Research 2002:
A Bibliography of MasterTs Papers from the
University of North Carolina School
of Information and Library Science

The following masterTs papers were submitted in partial fulfillment of the require-
ments for the master of science in information and library science degree at the
School of Information and Library Science at the University of North Carolina at
Chapel Hill. The subject headings used to index them have been given. They are
available for interlibrary loan.

Alligood, Tammy. oPrivacy Online: A Study of Policy Effectiveness in Electronic Com-
merce Web Sites.� April 2002. 71 pages.
Headings: Electronic commerce; Internet "! Legal aspects; Internet " Security
measures; Right of privacy; Surveys " Right of privacy.

Auman, Sarah Abigail. oHigh School StudentsT Decisions to Read Print or Electronic
Text: Learning Outcomes and Preferences.� April 2002. 66 pages.
Headings: Books in machine-readable form; Electronic books " Aims and objec-
tives; User interfaces " Evaluation.

Bonnett, Cara. oMirroring and Managing in Electronic Mentoring: Factors in
Interactivity Between Student-Scientist Pairs.� April 2002. 66 pages.
Headings: Mentoring; Mentoring in education; Computer-mediated
communication.

Brown, Ron T. oStudying Database Problems in Small Businesses.� April 2002. 45 pages.
Headings: Database administrators; Database management systems; Software
analysis; Data Quality; University press; Usability.

Bulger, Jennifer Rae. oA Usability Study of Mental Health Websites with an Emphasis
on Homepage Design: Performance and Preferences of Those with Anxiety
Disorders.� January 2002. 74 pages.

Headings: World Wide Web "- Homepage; World Wide Web " Usability; Human
computer interaction; Mental health - Anxiety disorders.

Cahall, Molynda. oAuthentication and Access Issues for Electronic Library Resources at
the University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill.� July 2002. 41 pages.
Headings: Authentication; College and university libraries; Computers " Access
control; Distance education; Internet " Security measures.

Cheemalapati, Sambhavi L. oInformation and Development: Strategies for Disseminat-
ing Development Literature.� April 2002. 64 pages.
Headings: CD-ROMs " Developing countries; Information technology " Africa;
Information technology " Developing countries.

Davis, Garad Megan. oSerials Holdings Records in an Online Environment " A Com-
parison of Fifty Academic Libraries in the United States.� April 2002. 48 pages.
Headings: Cataloging of serial publications; Electronic journals; Online catalogs.

North Carolina Libraries, Vol. 60

North Carolina Libraries, Vol. 60

Deacle, Jane Register. oAre Alphabet Books Appropriate for Preschool Children to Use
to Learn the Alphabet?: A Content Analysis of Age Appropriateness of Ten
Alphabet Books Published from 1991-2000.� April 2002. 61 pages.

Headings: Alphabet books; ChildrenTs reading - Educational aspects; English
language " Alphabet " Juvenile literature.

Decker, Ellen Caskie. oThe Portrayal of Japanese Americans in ChildrenTs Picture Books
(1980-1999).� April 2002. 37 pages.
Headings: ChildrenTs literature - Evaluation; Content analysis " ChildrenTs litera-
ture; Japanese Americans; Minorities in literature.

Dockendorf, Dionne M. oWeb Page Support for Use of Slang Terms During Internet
Searching in Sexual and Reproductive Health.� April 2002. 23 pages.
Headings: Contraception " Slang; Internet searching; Reproductive health.

Donaghy, Roger. oEvaluating Online Newspapers Using Established Web Design Guide-
lines.� July 2002. 80 pages.
Headings: Web sites; Web sites - Evaluation; Design " Evaluation; User inter-
faces " Testing.

Fenton, Serena Jardine. oA Case Study in the Organizational Development of a Digital
Library: SunSITE-MetaLab-Ibiblio.� April 2002. 121 pages.
Headings: Digital libraries - United States "- Planning; Digital libraries - Collection
and preservation; Digital libraries - Design; User interfaces (Computer systems) "
Case studies.

Florence, Brandi L. o~Busting Out All OverT: The Portrayal of Superheroines in Ameri-
can Superhero Comics from the 1940s to the 2000s.� April 2002. 79 pages.
Headings: Comic books, strips, etc.; Comic books, strips, etc. - Women; Comic
books, strips, etc. - Evaluation; Women in literature.

Florio, Melissa B. oThe Development of a Conversion Model for Programmers Convert-
ing a VSAM File to Oracle Tables.� April 2002. 75 pages.
Headings: Database - Management " Systems; Databases; Database conversion;
Information systems " Design.

Foster, John. oInstitutionalizing Success: The Growth of a Digital Strategy in the
Cornell University Library System.� April 2002. 52 pages.
Headings: Preservation of library materials - Automation; Virtual library; Histori-
cal libraries and collections " New York; Optical data processing.

Gotzkowsky, Jolayne S. oMedicine for What Ails You?: A Content Analysis of Informa-
tion Presented in a Sample of Direct to Consumer Television Advertisements.�
April 2002. 76 pages.
Headings: Information systems " Special subjects " Drugs; Information systems -
Special subjects - Consumer education; Content analysis " Television advertising.

Harper, Corey A. oFunctional Requirements for Application Profiles: A Step Towards
Increased Semantic Interoperability for Metadata.� April 2002. 40 pages.
Headings: Dublin Core format; Metadata; Conversion; Standards.

Harvey, Aisha A. oHomeless Perspectives of the Public Library.� July 2002. 63 pages.
Headings: Libraries and communities; Libraries and the homeless; Public
libraries " North Carolina.

Hollands, Neil. oAdaptation of Novels into Film " A Comprehensive New Framework
for Media Consumers and Those Who Serve Them.� April 2002. 75 pages.
Headings: Film and television adaptations; Film and television adaptations "
Evaluation.

Hyde, Kara. oFrom Suffrage to Postfeminism: An Evolution of the Library of Congress
Subject Treatment of WomenTs Issues.� April 2002. 46 pages.

Fall 2002 " 61

Headings: Subject headings, Library of Congress; Subject cataloging; Subject
headings, Women; Women - United States " History " 20th century; Feminism "
United States " History "- 20th century; Sexism in language.

Imamoto, Rebecca. oBuilding National Libraries: The British Library and the
Bibliotheque Nationale de France.� April 2002. 66 pages.
Headings: Library architecture; Library buildings; Architecture and building "
National libraries; Architecture and building " Program and planning; National
libraries " Britain; National libraries " France.

Knowlton, Sean P. oThe Future of Latin American Area Studies Librarianship.� July
2002. 63 pages.
Headings: Academic libraries; Area studies; Content analysis; Job analysis; Latin
America.

Jarvis, Erica C. oRedefining the Feminine in ChildrenTs Picture Books.� April 2002.
76 pages.
Headings: Sex role " Juvenile literature; Picture books for children " History and
criticism; Caldecott Medal " Juvenile literature.

Katte, Jill. oReaching Out to Researchers: A Model for Web-Based User Education
Resources for Archives and Manuscript Collections.� April 2002. 46 pages.
Headings: Archives " Public relations; Archives " Reference services; Archives "
Technological innovations; Library orientation; Reference services - Automation.

Johnson, Corey M. oOnline Chat Reference: The Awareness of, Use of, Interest In, and
Marketing of This New Reference Service Technology.� April 2002. 76 pages.
Headings: College and university libraries " Reference services; Reference ser-
vices " North Carolina; Reference services " Automation; Reference services "
Evaluation; Surveys " Reference services.

LeBlanc, Barbara L. oAn Analysis of the Effect of Organizational Placement on the
Annual Budget of Special Libraries.� April 2002. 43 pages.
Headings: Special libraries; Surveys " Special libraries; Budgets; Placement of
librarians.

Long, Holley. oAn Assessment of the Current State of Digital Library Evaluation.� April

2002. 44 pages.
Headings: Virtual library " Evaluation; Information systems " Evaluation; Re-
search techniques; Use studies " Virtual library.

Lu, Xiaoran. oWeb Design and Development for the East Asian Resources of the UNC-
Chapel Hill Academic Affairs Library.� May 2002. 41 pages.
Headings: World Wide Web " Design; World Wide Web " Web sites; World Wide
Web - Academic libraries; North Carolina libraries " Internet.

McConnell, Kristen. oThe Professional Development of Music Librarians.� April 2002.
47 pages.
Headings: Music librarians; Music librarians "- Education; Continuing education;
College and university librarians " Education.

Mikkelsen, Susan K. oMaterials Availability and Programming Activities for Hispanic
Students: A Survey of North Carolina Elementary School Media Centers.� April

2002. 48 pages.
Headings: School libraries " Services to Spanish Americans; School libraries "
North Carolina; School libraries " Book selection; Multiculturalism; Hispanic.

Mohanty, Suchi. oPhysical Comfort in Library Study Environments: Observations in
Three Undergraduate Settings.� April 2002. 51 pages.
Headings: Architecture and building "- Color, decoration, etc.; Architecture and
building "- Programming and planning; College and university libraries; Furniture.

62 " Fall 2002 North Carolina Libraries, Vol. 60

ee ES OO a Ae TN Oe ee Oe ey ee ie eS

A

North Carolina Libraries, Vol. 60

Myers, David. oTicket Tracker: An Electronic Web/Database Ticket System Using Oracle
8 and PHP 4.� July 2002. 57 pages.
Headings: Database - Management " Systems; Web databases; Systems analysis;
Information storage and retrieval " Design; User interface " Design; User inter-
face " Analysis.

Odess-Harnish, Kerri A. oMaking Sense of Leased Popular Literature Collections.� April
2002. 45 pages.
Headings: College and university libraries - Acquisitions; College and university
libraries - Collection development; Fiction " Acquisitions; Special collections "
Special subjects " Popular Culture; Surveys " College and university libraries.

Parramore, David. oIronman Triathlon Digital Library: Design of an Online Training
Resource for Triathletes to Plan, Execute, and Advance in Their Training and
Racing Goals.� July 2002. 76 pages.

Headings: Database - Management " Systems; Databases; Information storage and
retrieval " Design; Information systems " Design; Web databases.

Peng, Yutao. oInformation Quality of the Jordan Institute for Families Web Site.� July
2002. 58 pages.
Headings: World Wide Web; Information quality; Web sites - Evaluation; Survey.

Ruvane, Mary. oRebuilding a Community with Information: A Community Assessment
of Social Capital, Concerns, and Needs.� April 2002. 90 pages.
Headings: Community; Community analysis studies; Community development "
United States; Information needs; Information needs " Analysis; Regional plan-
ning " United States " Citizen participation.

Sanborn, Emily C. Jackson. oOther-Field Citation Rates of Library and Information
Science Literature.� April 2002. 44 pages.
Headings: Citation analysis; Library and information science research.

Signorile, Catherine. oThe Perception and Potential of Preservation in Public Libraries.�
April 2002. 42 pages.
Headings: Preservation of library materials; Public libraries.

Smith, Avena-Lyn. o~A Spell of White MagicT: L. M. Montgomery and the Appropriate-
ness of Her Novels for ReadersT Advisory LibrariansT Use with Adolescent

Women.� July 2002. 38 pages.
Headings: Public libraries - ReadersT advisory services; Young adult literature "

Lucy Maud Montgomery.

Stambaugh, Emily. oDo Libraries Create Social Capital?� April 2002. 42 pages.
Headings: Librarianship " Social aspects; Public relations of libraries " Public
libraries; Library programs; Volunteers.

Stachowicz, Christine. oThe Effectiveness of Storyboard Surrogates in the Subject
Indexing of Digital Video.� April 2002. 62 pages.
Headings: Indexing " Video recordings; Information retrieval; Information
systems " Special subjects " Video recordings; Internet video; Subject access; Video

surrogates.

Sult, Leslie. oA Qualitative Analysis of Internal Marketing Practices at Academic Librar-
ies That Have Undertaken Service Quality Studies.� April 2002. 42 pages.
Headings: Personnel " Administration; Research libraries "- Evaluation; Total
Quality Management; Working conditions; College and university libraries "Staff.

Tay, Endrina. oPublic Library Paraprofessionals and Their Use of Web Search Tools.�
April 2002. 61 pages.
Headings: Libraries - North Carolina; Paraprofessionals " Training; Use studies "
Internet; Internet " Teaching; Internet - Public libraries; Internet search engines.

Fall 2002 " 63

Topper, Joby. oFrancis Douce and His Collection: An Antiquarian in Great Britain,
1757-1834.� April 2002. 77 pages.
Headings: Douce, Francis, 1757-1834; Collectors and collecting " Great Britain;
Antiquarians " Great Britain "- History " 19th century.

Urquhart, Nicole. oThe Effects on Government Documents Reference Service as a
Result of a Merger Between the Government Documents Department and
Reference Department in an Academic Library.� April 2002. 35 pages.
Headings: College and university libraries " Reference services; Depository
libraries " Reference services; In-service education; Integrated collections; Refer- |
ence librarians " Education.

Viscount, Carol. oUsing the Balanced Scorecard Process for Evaluating the Contribu-
tion of a Competitive Intelligence Effort.� April 2002. 52 pages.
Headings: Competitive intelligence " Evaluation; Environmental scanning "
Evaluation; Knowledge management; Information systems " Special subjects "
Corporations; Business literature - Evaluation; Performance management.

Wang, Yuehong. oAIMS Online Teaching System, An Interactive Web-Based Testing
System for Medical School Courses.� July 2002. 51 pages.
Headings: Web-based testing; Computer-based testing; Online testing.

Warmouth, Emily K. oThe UNC Plant Information Center's ~Ask the ExpertT Module: A
Usability Study.� April 2002. 36 pages.
Headings: Ask the Expert; Usability; Interface; World Wide Web; Plants, Botany.

Warren, Nikki. oWebsite Log Analysis: Approaches for the Library of the National
Institute of Environmental Health Sciences.� July 2002. 76 pages.
Headings: Internet " Environmental libraries and collections; Internet " Statis-
tics; Use studies - Internet; Web sites "- Case studies; World Wide Web - Statistics.

Webster, Linwood. oThe Missing Minority Presence: Minorities, Technology, and
Recruitment to Top Ranked American Library Association Information and
Library Science Programs.� April 2002. 53 pages.

Headings: Black librarians; Information technology; Information industry;
Recruiting for librarianship; Library schools " Students; Minority librarians "
Education.

Westman, Gretchen Daub. oFixed or Flexibly Scheduled School Library Programs:
Teacher Perceptions.� April 2002. 63 pages.
Headings: Media programs (Education); School libraries "- Evaluation; School
libraries " Relations with teachers and curriculum; School libraries - Scheduling.

Whedbee, Lesley. oThe Development of Collaboration Skills in Graduate Programs for
School Library Media Specialists.� April 2002. 36 pages.
Headings: School library media specialists - Professional guidelines; School
library media specialists - Graduate education.

Wooten, Kelly. oWomenTs Zines in the Sarah Dyer Zine Collection.� July 2002.
51 pages.
Headings: Dyer, Sarah (Collector); Fanzines; Self-publishing; Young women "
United States " Social life and customs; Feminism " United States; Underground
press publications " United States.

Zhang, Yihua. oDesign and Implementation of a Database-Driven Online Survey
System for the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development
(OECD) Survey by the National Database on Environmental Management
Systems (NDEMS) Project.� May 2002. 82 pages.

Headings: Online survey " Design; Database - Management " Systems;
Information systems " Design; Interface design; Web databases.

64 " Fall 2002 North Carolina Libraries, Vol. 60

eae a ee es ea ey ee hee ane ERP TE a RE

Laguiappe' (North Canrsliniana

compiled by Suzanne Wise

*Lagniappe (lan-yapT, lanT yapT) n. An extra or unexpected gift or benefit. [Louisiana French]
ign. gi

North Carolina Libraries, Vol. 60

ACRL from the Inside:

An Interview with Recent ACRL
President Mary Reichel

Dr. Mary Reichel, University Librarian at Appalachian State University, recently com-
pleted a term as president of the American Library Association (ALA)Ts Association of
College and Research Libraries (ACRL). In this interview with Lagniappe: North Caroliniana
editor, Suzanne Wise, Reichel reflects on her experiences during the past year.

Wise: How did you come to run for ACRL president?

Reichel: I served on the ACRL Board from 1994 to 1998, and really enjoyed that
experience. It solidified my belief in the importance of ACRL and its representing
academic libraries and librarians. When I was asked to run for president, I must
admit I was delighted. I am very appreciative of the support from the administra-
tion and my library colleagues at Appalachian State that allowed me to do it.

Wise: What types of activities did you engage in as president?

Reichel: As president I got to do a number of things. I was chair of the ACRL Board
and the BoardTs Executive Committee. I took it as my particular role, as my
predecessors have, to help the Board coalesce, to understand its function and
operate effectively. The president chairs meetings of the Board twice and the
Executive Committee twice, so you really have to get in there and move; you
donTt have many chances! Another major responsibility, which I really enjoyed,
was giving presentations at ACRL chapter meetings and state conferences across
the country.

Wise: What issues did you focus on in your presentations?

Reichel: I was able to swing back to my dissertation topic of scholarly communica-
tion and the research I did for it in the early 1990s that projected scholarly
communication and faculty use of information to 2001. I also gave a number of
presentations about academic libraries as learning communities. I am someone
who loves to interact with the audience, so I really enjoyed meeting people and
hearing what theyTre doing in their libraries and what their concerns are. I think
I gave about four presentations as vice president-president elect of ACRL and
eight as president.

A third activity, and one of the most important, was working with ALA. As
an officer of ACRL, I had the opportunity to meet with the other division officers
in my oclass� and with the ALA staff to discuss issues that needed attention from
the division officers. I also recommended people for ACRL committees.

The fourth major activity was being a spokesperson for ACRL. I was sur-
prised, and I think Mary Ellen Davis, the Executive Director of ACRL, was as well,

Fall 2002 " 69

at the number of news opportunities we had. I was interviewed by probably 3 or 4
national papers. Deanna Marcum, who is president of the Council on Library and
Information Resources, and I did a oColloquy Live� Web session for the Chronicle
of Higher Education on trends in student use of academic libraries. I also did a Web
cast on oThe Changing Library� sponsored by the TLT Group (Teaching Learning
Technology). It was difficult to do live conversations in a Web forum, but I

enjoyed it.

Wise: How prepared were you to carry out the duties of the
office? Are there additional skills or knowledge you wished
you had?

Reichel: I had served on the ACRL Board for four years and
been active in ACRL since 1977, so I had an excellent grasp of
the division and its Board. Where I wish ITd had a quicker
start out of the gate is in understanding the division
presidentTs responsibilities in interacting with ALA. I would
have been more effective if I had been more knowledgeable
there. I had the privilege of working with Mary Ellen Davis
and her colleagues in the ALA offices, and they were very
helpful and supportive, even in the face of staff vacancies.

The thing most different from my normal job was the
interaction with the press. ALA provides some training on
public relations and presswork for newly elected division
presidents, which helped a lot. Also I, my family, and the
library people at Appalachian knew going in that the ACRL
presidency is a lot of work, and we were right! The associate university librarian at
Appalachian and the rest of my colleagues took on a tremendous burden while I
was doing ACRL work, and for that ITm very grateful.

Photo courtesy of
Appalachian State University
News Bureau.

Wise: What were your priorities as ACRL president?

Reichel: Presidents are asked to work within the context of the ACRL strategic plan,
which is easy to do because it is a good strategic plan and covers the areas of im-
portance for academic libraries. So within that context I followed up on my own
lifelong professional interest in information literacy " working with students and
faculty and promoting the importance of academic libraries. I chose learning com-
munities as my theme " oACRL: The Learning Community for Excellence in Aca-
demic Libraries.� I chose that because it capsulized for me and I hope for others
the idea that through active participation in ACRL all of us come together to im-
prove services and collections in our libraries. In my more than 25 years of involve-
ment in ACRL, I canTt tell you how many times ITve seen a good idea and then been
able to implement it or suggest implementation at the library I was working in. It
has really helped me understand how to provide the best library services possible.
The learning community theme was also a good umbrella for promoting the in-
structional role of academic libraries and our involvement with students as well as
our assistance of faculty in their teaching and research.

The culmination of the year is the presidentTs program at the summer meeting
(Atlanta, 2002). That program, oTransformational Learning Communities,� featured
Barbara Leigh Smith, a national expert in learning communities from Evergreen State
College, and was attended by nearly 900 people. I was very pleased, considering that
we had a Monday afternoon slot. We were highlighted by L] Academic Newswire as
an outstanding program, and they gave us a very nice write-up. In addition to a
panel of reactors, the program featured poster sessions, which got the audience up
and walking around and talking with the people who presented the poster ses-
sions. It also gave librarians who are younger or spread across the country an
opportunity to participate " in fact there was a poster session by a librarian from
France "and it fostered a lot of discussion among the session attendees.

Wise: What is it really like inside the ALA bureaucracy?

66 " Fall 2002 North Carolina Libraries, Vol. 60

Bc.

North Carolina Libraries, Vol. 60

Reichel: Many of the readers of North Carolina Libraries know as much or more
about it than I do! ALA is a complex bureaucracy, with more than 60,000 mem-
bers, a Council of about 180 members, and an Executive Board elected by Coun-
cil. | think it should be an ongoing concern for all ALA members to do what they

can to help ensure that Council is an effective governing body for the association.

I served on Council 1990 to 1994, and of course have observed it since. It does
seem that Council can become the hostage of people who have special agendas
that are not representative of the membership. ALA does a lot of its work through
committees. It is a large political organization, so it is very complicated.

Wise: What did you enjoy the most about your year as president?

Reichel: I really loved interacting with academic librarians across the country when
I did presentations. During Larry HardestyTs term as president a few years ago,
ACRL established an Excellence in Academic Libraries award. The award, spon-
sored by BlackwellTs Book Services, is given each year to a community college, a
college, and a university in recognition of the accomplishments of its librarians
and staff in supporting the mission of their institution. The recipients receive a
$3,000 award. I was able to present the awards for community colleges and
colleges. The ACRL president goes to the institution along with representatives
from BlackwellTs, and the institutionTs president and board of trusteesT members
are there, as well as library faculty and staff. It is just a fabulous event.

As it happened, Appalachian State University was named the regional
university of the year by Time magazine in 2001, and it was fun to be president
the same year and share the Appalachian story with my colleagues nationally. I
also really enjoyed working with the ACRL Board and staff; they were a great
group of colleagues.

Wise: What did you like least?

Reichel: As my colleagues at Appalachian would know, I hated having to read all
the email! Also, I have a husband and a fifteen-year-old son, and they spent a lot
more time on their own than during a typical year! I have to say that I am glad
that my son got to know a professional association and meet people who are
giving of their time and talent. As he finishes his education and goes on to
whatever career he may choose, heTll recall his experiences and understand the
importance of being involved, so I think thatTs a real plus.

Wise: What was the most surprising thing about your year as president?

Reichel: You know, I had a lot of fun! I thoroughly enjoyed being president of
ACRL. Because the University Librarian at Appalachian has an endowed profes-
sorship, the income from it allowed me a little flexibility to do some fun things,
such as sponsor receptions that involved a lot of people in the association. I also
enjoyed being in a position as president to appoint individuals who had not
previously served in the association to committees and to interact with some of
the younger librarians.

Wise: What can ACRL do to improve?

Reichel: I would say that there are a couple of things, and they are in line with my
priorities as president. We need to value members, and we really did a great job
this last year, but it is something that I think always has to be present. ACRL is a
volunteer organization, and everybody does the work that they do for the
association using personal time and often their own money. We need to make it
as easy as possible for members to contribute, for their work to be noted, and to
get the kind of responses they need as quickly as possible. Another track that I,
current ACRL president Helen Spalding, and everyone on the Board are con-
cerned about is that we continue to promote the importance of academic librar-
ies in the higher education enterprise, and the importance of collections and
services and instruction for studentsT education and facultyTs research. So thatTs
why ACRL has advertised in the Chronicle of Higher Education. We did three ads

Fall 2002 " 67

last year, one featuring faculty, the second administrators, and the third students,
in which they talked about the importance of academic libraries from their
perspectives. We need to continue to do things like that as well as work with
higher education organizations. One of the accomplishments that I donTt really
take credit for, but that happened during my tenure, is that ACRL has developed
a new vehicle to promote scholarly communication. Scholarly communication
has been largely the purview of the Association of Research Libraries (ARL), and
theyTve done a great job. But scholarly communication issues affect a much
broader range of academic libraries than the major research libraries, so itTs great
that ACRL now has a Scholarly Communication Committee. We are going to
hire a scholarly communication contract officer.

Wise: How did the experience change you?

Reichel: Professionally, I consider myself an articulate person, but I would say I
grew in my ability to present an argument in a concise, effective way. The
experience of working with the press and with people outside the library and
higher education communities was a real growth experience for me.

Wise: Was it worth it? Do you believe you truly made a difference?

Reichel: Yes, I do feel I made a difference. I am a person who is eager to meet new
people and interact with them, and I think I made a difference by being a very
accessible representative for ACRL and making opportunities both for new mem-
bers and less active ones to meet and talk with the president in a different way.

Wise: What advice would you offer librarians who aspire to professional leadership?

Reichel: ThatTs an interesting question, because I think what we worry about as
officers and elected Board members in the association is whether the generation
of librarians who are now in their twenties and early thirties will WANT to be as
involved as we have been. I have a continuing concern that we make ACRL
relevant for librarians who are close to their graduate degrees and are just starting
in the field, so that they will see the benefits of being involved in their profes-
sional organization, as do those of us who are ono longer in our twenties and
thirties!� Professional organizations of all types are having to examine how they
are structured so that young people will find them relevant. For instance, doing
more work electronically and accommodating an in-out-in volunteer pattern for
individuals whose time available for participation varies during their careers. Your
question actually makes me very reflective because I have a kind of good pat
answer for how to become involved, but the concern is whether people will want
to be involved. For those who have already identified the importance of being
active in ACRL or another professional association, I would say it really pays to be
a regular conference attendee and to participate in different types of committees.
Through the years I was chair of the Appointments Committee, chair of the
PresidentTs Program Planning Committee, served on the Board of ACRL, and
served on a number of section committees. That kind of exposure to the different
activities really is helpful. You know, people start recognizing you after 25 years!

Wise: Do you have a word for North Carolina academic librarians specifically?

Reichel: Yes. I think involvement in state and regional associations is really impor-
tant, and I encourage those librarians who are able to also get involved in ACRL
or other appropriate sections and divisions of ALA. I really value going to the
state and regional meetings and being involved there, but there is something
about bringing the strength of the Southeast to the national level that is so
exciting. Librarians in the Southeast should showcase our attributes of great
collegiality and wonderful diversity at the national level. And last but certainly
not least, I hope to see many, many North Carolina academic librarians at the
biennial ACRL conference in Charlotte next spring. We have the opportunity to
shine! COME TO THE ACRL CONFERENCE IN CHARLOTTE, APRIL 10-13, 2003!

68 " Fall 2002 North Carolina Libraries, Vol. 60

by Ralph Lee Scott

Get a Handle on Spam

Those of us of World War II vintage and even later will
recall HormelTs Spam, a processed meat product that
was for decades a staple of the American diet, served
morning, noon, and night. A recent phenomenon,
junk e-mail (a.k.a. another type of Spam), has become
the bane of our collective existence. When I returned
from vacation this summer, I found some 493 e-mail
messages waiting to be read " timeshare offers, yet
more low-priced toner cartridges, and offers of mil-
lions of dollars from Nigeria if I would only contact
Mr. So-and-So with my bank account numbers.
Microsoft Outlook and Outlook Express offer Rules
Wizards and filters that can remove some Spam. A lot
of unwanted e-mail still clogs up e-mail systems, and
several programs have recently become available to
help clean out our electronic mailboxes.

My current favorite is iHateSpam. This program is
available from http://www.sunbelt-software.com on
a 30-day trial with the individual license being $19.95.
This program requires little set up and filters Spam
into four oQuarantine� folders that are automatically
created: Adult, Hazardous, Junk, and Subscription.
Once incoming e-mail has been filtered into these four
Quarantine folders you can review them as you have
time or delete them in bulk. Users get a window
showing a list of incoming e-mail that has been
diverted to the Quarantine folders so you can review
and retrieve any that you want to look at immediately.
The Outlook version of iHateSpam is slightly more
powerful than the Outlook Express version. Both
versions check incoming e-mail for spammers " key
phrases and words that are likely (such as ocheap
toner�) to come from bulk mailers. If something slips
through the iHateSpam server list, iHateSpam allows
you to designate incoming e-mail as either oJunk� or
onon-Junk� by clicking on an icon. One can also add a
specific e-mail address to a ofriends� or oenemies� list
by clicking on another icon. In short iHateSpam learns
from incoming e-mail and gets better with time in
putting e-mail in Quarantine correctly. While this
program will not eliminate all spam, it is great to see
all the junk mail going into the Quarantine folders. In
fact, while I was writing this article, an e-mail entitled
oShare your opinion and win $1000� went right into

North Carolina Libraries, Vol. 60

the wastebasket!

Another anti-Spam program is SpamWeasel avail-
able from http://www.mailgate.com. Spam Weasel is
free but takes some time to set up and is not initially
as effective as iHateSpam at filtering out junk e-mails.
SpamWeasel requires you to negotiate a long list of
difficult-to-comprehend rules involving the oroot
domains� from which you want to ban incoming e-
mail. I finally gave up trying to configure SpamWeasel
because I could never get it to filter out unwanted e-
mail correctly. If you have the time and inclination
the price (free) is right.

Remove Me Now! (http://www.removemenow.com)
uses another approach to controlling Spam. Remove
Me Now! offers an annual membership for $9.95,
which places your e-mail address in a database that is
shared with e-mail marketers who subscribe to this
service to clean up their bulk e-mailing lists. If Remove
Me Now! receives a large number of complaints
against a spammer, they write a letter to the
spammerTs ISP and ask to have the account canceled.
For the $9.95 fee, you can submit an unlimited num-
ber of e-mail addresses. The theory behind this service
is that marketers will want to increase their profits by
removing unwanted prospects from their lists in order
to lower e-mailing costs.

If you have ever wondered where in the world
some of this Spam comes from there is a program that
can locate the IP or address of the e-mail. This software
is called e-mailtrackerpro and is sold by Visualware for
$29.95 for a single user license. E-mailtrackerpro
analyzes the incoming e-mail header and provides you
with the IP address of the sender and also tracks the
location of the address on a world map. In the ex-
ample they give on their Web page, the e-mail oLong
Distance " 4.9 cents a minute no fees� comes from an
IP address in Singapore. Using oWhois� you can obtain
the real name of the sender of oanonymous� e-mails
from Hotmail and Yahoo! e-mail accounts. You can use
this program to locate and ask senders to stop filling
up your electronic mail box with unwanted e-mail.

Hopefully, the next Spam you have to deal with,
will be the edible kind!

Fall 2002 " 69

____ NORTH CAROLINA

Margaret Bender.

Dorothy Hodder, Compiler

n the 1820s, Sequoyah developed a writing system for the Cherokee
language, which was to become the most famous of the indigenous
Native American alphabets. The system is based on syllables rather
than letters, so that each symbol represents a vowel or a consonant
plus a vowel. The syllabary is a table of these symbols. According to
legend, SequoyahTs system was so easy to learn that literacy became
widespread, and Cherokees began to keep records, translate the New
Testament and the Psalms, and publish a newspaper.
Today, however, very few Cherokees can use the syllabary
fluently, but read and write Cherokee using a variety of
English-based phonetic systems instead. In this engaging

Sign s of Cherokee Culture: study, Margaret Bender examines how the syllabary sur-

vives and functions for Cherokees in North Carolina.

5 eq uoyah ik) Syllabar Y _ Far from gaining instant and universal acceptance, the
in Eastern Cherokee Life.

syllabary was greeted with suspicion by many segments of
the Cherokee community. In the early nineteenth century

Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2002. the Cherokee nation was trying to negotiate its identity
187 pp. Cloth, $49.95, ISBN 0-8078-2707-X; paper, between the traditional religion and Christianity, the old

70 " Fall 2002

$19.95, ISBN 0-8078-5376-3. ways and new technologies, and separatism and assimila-

tion with the United States. Bender demonstrates that the
syllabary was a nexus for these social, political, and reli-
gious tensions, and indeed continues to act as such today.
Bender visited several classrooms from the elementary to the adult
levels to discover how the syllabary is learned and taught, and then
examines how the syllabary is used in Cherokee daily life. The New
Testament and the Psalms were among the first documents to be trans-
lated into Cherokee symbols, and these versions are still considered
authoritative texts, much like the King James Bible to English speakers.
Most adult Cherokees who study the syllabary do so for their Christian
faith, and are esteemed for doing so. But the syllabary has also been used
to transcribe the writings of medicine men on herbal remedies and magic.
In a thought-provoking final chapter Bender makes some very inter-
esting points about the relationship between the syllabary and tourism,
which has taken on a new importance since the opening of the casino
and the subsequent increase in the numbers of visitors. She describes how
the syllabary is marketed as a cultural product on everything from key
chains to pottery, denoting a given item as oCherokee.� But the syllabary
is also used as a sign to exclude tourists, a way of marking certain areas as
oCherokee only.�
Margaret Bender is Assistant Professor of Anthropology at Wake Forest
University. Her research interests include the relationship. between lan-
guage and culture. This book, her first, is based on her dissertation at the

North Carolina Libraries, Vol. 60

Richard F. Knapp and Robert M. Topkins, editors.

University of Chicago, and combines her interest in Cherokee society with
her experiences as a literacy educator in elementary and adult classrooms.
Royalties from the book will be donated to the Eastern Cherokee Language
Project, a program to study and preserve the language for future genera-
tions.

This scholarly book is very well and clearly written. Bender does an
excellent job of defining terms and clarifying her points with examples,
and provides notes, references, and an index. The illustrations include
several very engaging representations of the syllabary from books, signs,
and artifacts. The detailed linguistic analyses will not appeal to the casual
reader, but BenderTs discussion of the relationship between the syllabary
and tourism will interest anyone who has ever been a ocultural tourist.�
This book is strongly recommended for academic collections, and is also
suitable for public libraries in the western part of the state and those with
Native American studies collections.

"Shannon Tennant
Elon University

hen a gold rush is mentioned one typically imagines intrepid

adventurers panning for gold in California, or hardy souls braving

the snowy Yukon. Although these gold booms were momentous in

shaping the growing nation, the truth is that our first gold discov-
ery occurred in North Carolina in 1799. The 22 essays published in Gold in
History, Geology and Culture were planned as presentations at a 1999 bicen-
tennial symposium that was ultimately cancelled due to the approach of
Hurricane Floyd. The resulting anthology is a fitting commemoration and
presents a pleasing variety of reflections on gold and its
heritage of exploration, edification, and exploitation,
with a core focus on the Carolina gold boom that began
in Cabarrus County.

Gold in History, Geology and The authors include historians, geologists, geogra-

phers, educators, and mining engineers and profession-

Culture: Collected Essa YS. als, and their collective output illustrates the diverse

Raleigh: Division of Archives and History,
North Carolina Department of Cultural Resources, 2001.

ways in which we remain fascinated by what H.G. Jones
calls othat most alluring of metals.� Topics range from

379 pp. Paper, $20.00. ISBN 0-86526-291-8. I.S. ParrishTs overview of global gold production from

4000 B.C. to 1500 A.D., to Elizabeth HinesTs study of

North Carolina Libraries, Vol. 60

Cornish miners who settled in the North Carolina gold
regions from 1830 to1880. P. Geoffrey Feiss presents
quantitative data couched in practical premises such as
oWhat is gold?� and oWhere does it come from?,� while other essays offer
pleasing historical anecdotes. Brent D. GlassTs essay on gold mining in
North Carolina refers to Thomas EdisonTs shadowy visit to the Gold Hill
district in 1890, and the Carolina WatchmanTs hopeful reportage that the
inventor and his owonderful friend and servant electricity� would bring
about innovations to jumpstart the flagging mining industry. (Alas,
EdisonTs interest lay in iron ore.)

Eight essays focus on North CarolinaTs major gold discoveries and
mining operations, CharlotteTs development, the history of the area mints,
and the role of African Americans and slaves in the mining explosion. The
other essays examine the global history and science of gold, and offer case
studies of the major gold rushes in California, Nevada, Alaska, and
Canada. The essays offer rich illustrations and extensive bibliographies and

Fall 2002 " 71

references, providing the reader with exhaustive avenues to the wider
world of gold literature.

The editors laud North CarolinaTs historic status as home to the
nationTs first gold discovery, but they make no attempt to challenge the
looming stature of the iconic western gold rushes. Their goal here is to
acknowledge the Tar Heel StateTs place in the timeline of gold, and it is this
mix of pride and practicality that gives the collection its thematic strength.
North CarolinaTs gold heritage is thoroughly detailed here; its commemora-
tion within a greater context succeeds in H.G. JonesTs introductory goal of
promoting knowledge of othe role of gold in the life of state and nation.�
Recommended for public and academic libraries.

"Susannah Benedetti
University of North Carolina at Wilmington

4 4 ea-born Woman� is the title of novelist B.J. MountfordTs favorite

story from Charles Harry WhedbeeTs The Flaming Ship of Ocracoke. It
recounts the legend of Francis Spriggs, an eighteenth-century pirate
captain who retired on the Outer Banks, and his housekeeper,
Jerushia Spriggs OTHagan. JerushiaTs birth at sea spared a ship full of
emigrants from the ruthless Spriggs, and supposedly gave her
special gifts of communicating with water and its inhabitants and saving
sailors from shipwrecks. B.J. Mountford continues the legend through the
character of Roberta oBert� Lenehan, another sea-born woman. A 50-something
transplanted northerner, Bert comes to spend the summer as a National Park
Service volunteer resident in Portsmouth Village at Cape Lookout
National Seashore after an accidental fire kills the wife of the

BJ. Mountford. "_ former volunteer.

Sea-born Woman.

While learning to cope with ATVs, generators, nutria, and a
mysterious fog, Bert meets the islandTs few remaining villagers,

Winston-Salem: John F. Blair, Publisher, 2002. artifact hunters and other visitors from the mainland, and park
284 pp. Paper, $14.95. ISBN 0-89587-265-X. staff. She becomes lovers with Hunter OTHagan, a younger man and

a distant relative of JerushiaTs who is also new on the island, who

72 " Fall 2002

gradually unfolds the family legend. After a villager dies from

another accident, and as Bert notices strange behavior in the
marine wildlife, the curious volunteer begins to suspect that the island really
has suffered two murders. If the motive has something to do with JerushiaTs
house and SpriggsTs tomb, Bert reasons, then anyone could be a suspect, even
Hunter. Could supernatural forces be at work? If Bert can find the remains of
the house and tomb, will she also find the killer?

Flashbacks to JerushiaTs tragic life transport readers to the heart of the
legend. An unleashed hurricane builds the tension to a crescendo before a
plausible conclusion ties up all the loose ends. In addition, fully developed
characters with authentic dialects contribute to the novelTs appeal. Hot and
heavy not only describes the humidity on the island, but also the refreshingly
unconventional romance between Bert and Hunter. The result is a successful
blend of mystery, suspense, romance, folklore, and local history.

Like her amateur sleuth, B.J. Mountford has relocated to North CarolinaTs
coast, where she has worked as a volunteer resident at Portsmouth Village and
braved several hurricanes. Her novel is recommended for academic libraries
and public libraries, where it should be well received by fans of mystery and
North Carolina fiction, and would make an excellent choice for book discus-
sion groups.

" Angela Leeper
North Carolina Department of Public Instruction

North Carolina Libraries, Vol. 60

f you live in North Carolina, you know about stock car racing. You
may not be a fan, you may even think it is ridiculous to spend hours
watching cars go around in circles, but unless you have been trapped
in a very deep well for the past ten years, you are aware that stock car
racing is big business. The sport, and especially the racing series
sponsored by NASCAR, is more than a regional cultural quirk. NASCAR is
second only to the NFL in national sports attendance and television
viewership, and race drivers have become heroes to millions of people.

Driver #8 follows one of these racing heroes during an entire racing season.
Dale Earnhardt, Jr., shoved into the spotlight early in his career because of his
famous father and grandfather (NASCAR champions Dale
Earnhardt and Ralph Earnhardt), stepped up to the NASCAR
Winston Cup Series, the major leagues of stock car racing, in 2000
after winning the Busch Series oAAA� level championship the
previous two years. The #8 of the bookTs title refers to the number
of his race car. We are told that the words here are his own, with
Driver #8. just a little polishing by Gurss, who owns a sports publicity firm.
Each chapter covers a race and reveals a lot about relationships
between drivers and crews.

What emerges is a portrait of a typical guy in his early twenties.
Little E, or Dale Junior, or just Junior, as he is variously called,
likes hot cars, hot music, and hot girls. He likes to hang out with
his buds, playing video games, and drinking beer (Budweiser, since
Anheuser-Busch is his primary sponsor). HeTs nice looking and, as
they say, obuilt� (People magazine included him in their oSexiest
Man� issue), so along with an inside look at every Winston Cup race of 2000,
we see what itTs like to be a hot property. Junior does interviews with MTV,
Rolling Stone, and countless television and radio people, signs literally thou-
sands of autographs, and attends functions across the country promoted by
the companies that sponsor his race team, where he answers more questions
and signs more autographs.

Especially insightful are the peeks at the relationship between Dale Sr. and
Dale Jr"Big E and Little E. Big E was hard on his son, expecting him to stand
up for himself and make his own way. oCoddle� was not a word with which
Big E was familiar; he routinely bumped and battered his sonTs car during a
race just like he did other competitorsT. However, a deep love and respect
between father and son shines through.

2000 started well, got better, and ended in a slide. Junior won twice early,
then was victimized by a series of mechanical difficulties, tire problems, and
crew and driver errors during the second half of the year. He acknowledges his
rookie mistakes and we see him grow up a bit as he deals with disappointing
race results. He needed all the maturity he could muster in February 2001
when his father was killed in a crash on the last lap of the Daytona 500. Junior
handled his grief and heavy new responsibilities with admirable courage.

I began this book thinking of Little E as a somewhat spoiled young man
whose way has been easy because of his fatherTs clout. I finished it thinking
that he has done the work and has handled both celebrity and adversity well.
Kids could do a lot worse than view Junior as a role model.

Driver #8 will appeal to race fans of all ages, and most libraries in North
Carolina should have it. It is the first stock car racing book to make the
New York Times bestseller list. However, be aware that four letter words do crop
up, one of JuniorTs favorite nouns being oshit.� Recommend it to readers
accordingly.

Dale Earnhardt, Jr., with Jade Gurss.

NY: Warner Books, 2002. 298 pp. $23.95.
ISBN 0-446-53030-1.

" Suzanne Wise
Appalachian State University

North Carolina Libraries, Vol. 60 Fall 2002 " 7%

he Rise of a Southern Town is the second book on Wilson and Wilson

County by Patrick M. Valentine, library director of the Wilson

County Public Library. His first book, The Episcopalians of Wilson

County: A History of St. TimothyTs and St. MarkTs Churches in Wilson,

North Carolina, 1856-1995 (Gateway Press, 1996) won the North
Carolina Society of HistoriansT Ethel Twiford Religious History Book Award
and the North Carolina Genealogical SocietyTs Award for Excellence in
Publishing, both in 1997.

ValentineTs narrative is arranged by decades, from 1850 to 1920, with
attention to social, political, economic, educational, religious, and cultural
themes. He begins with a description of that area of Old Edgecombe
County that eventually became Wilson County, and the early settlers of
European stock who arrived about 1740 from Virginia, rather than directly
from England or the Carolina coast. Slaves accompanied white Virginian
slaveholders on their journey south. Agriculture was the dominant occu-
pation of the region.

Transporting the reader forward a hundred years to the late 1840s,
Valentine details the incorporation of the city of Wilson, still a part of

Edgecombe County, formerly known as Toisnot (from the
Tuscarora oTosneoc� meaning ohalting place� or otarry not�),

Valentine, Patrick M. gy January 29, 1849. On ValentineTs Day, February 14, 1855,

The Rise of a Southern Town: _ Wilson County was formed of land taken from the older

counties of Edgecombe, Nash, Johnston, and Wayne.

Wils on, North Car olina, Both the town and county of Wilson were named for

former Edgecombe County Representative for five terms,

1849-1 920. North Carolina State Senator for fourteen terms, and hero
With a Preface by William S. Powell. who died during the Mexican War, Louis Dickens Wilson

Baltimore: Gateway Press, 2002. 308 pp., illus., (1789-1847). Wilson County measures thirty miles east to
statistical appendices. LC# 2002100569. $29.95 + west and twenty miles north to south and contains 373
$3.00 shipping and handling + $1.95 NC sales tax. square miles. Wilson CountyTs capital, the town of Wilson,
Available from: Patrick M. Valentine, 3001 Landrum positioned at an elevation of 138 feet above sea level, is

Drive, Wilson, NC 27896-1260. located at its center. Straddling the boundary between the

clay soil of the Piedmont and the sandy soil of the Coastal

74 " Fall 2002

Plain, the town of Wilson is located 47 miles from the state
capital of Raleigh to the west, and 75 miles from the mouth
of the Neuse River at New Bern to the east.

Valentine compares the lives of whites and African Americans in
Wilson County before the Civil War, during the Reconstruction years, and
in the years following emancipation. He tells the fascinating story of the
educational reforms that brought educational opportunities to poor whites
and African Americans.

The story of the economic life of Wilson and Wilson County is solidly
supported by agricultural statistics from the federal censuses. Valentine
shows how Wilson County agriculture in the 1880s was dominated by the
cultivation of traditional crops, especially cotton. By the 1890s tobacco
dominated the cultivated crops, so much so that in 1913 Wilson earned
the epithet WorldTs Greatest Tobacco Market.

Valentine paints an iconoclastic portrait of Josephus Daniels, native of
Washington, North Carolina, who was editor of the Wilson Advance and
the author of the autobiography Tar Heel Editor. Readers who may have
idolized Daniels as the founder of the Raleigh News and Observer, Secretary
of the Navy, confidant of President Woodrow Wilson, and Ambassador to
Mexico under Franklin Delano Roosevelt, may find it difficult to accept
DanielsTs advocacy of white dominance and segregation that was part and
parcel of the man. This particular political portrait is proof positive of
ValentineTs objectivity in his discussion of southern politics in general and

North Carolina Libraries, Vol. 60

local politics in Wilson specifically.

ValentineTs The Rise of a Southern Town is meticulously indexed and docu-
mented, with an 18-page index and 60 pages of endnotes to the approximately
200 pages of text. Appendices include regional population, agricultural, and
manufacturing statistics for decades 1860 through 1920 for the counties of
Edgecombe, Greene, Johnston, Nash, Pitt, Wayne, and Wilson, with totals for
North Carolina; regional concentration of agriculture for the same counties
with totals for North Carolina for the decades, 1860 through 1920 (with the
exception of 1870); population statistics for towns and the county of Wilson for
the decades 1860 through 1920; and selected officials of Wilson and Wilson
County (mayors of Wilson, Chairmen of the County Commissioners, North
Carolina Senators, North Carolina Representatives, Sheriffs, and Clerks of
Superior Court).

One wonders why the State of North Carolina does not make grants avail-
able to historians of ValentineTs caliber to help them write local histories such
as this one. It is a wonderfully conceived and executed history, richly illustrated
with vintage photographs"obviously a labor of love which Valentine has
personally financed. The Rise of a Southern Town should be in the collections of
academic libraries throughout the state and nation, public and school libraries
in Eastern North Carolina, and in special collections of North Caroliniana
wherever they reside. :

"Plummer Alston oAl� Jones, Jr.
East Carolina University

aiting for the Trout to Speak is evidence of true literary talent in the

voice of a poet who is both seasoned and refreshing. Irene Blair

HoneycuttTs most recent collection is comprised of 49 poems and

prose poems. The book is divided into three sections: Steep Ravine,

A Time for Moons, and All the Way Home Through the Dark.
Following these and other familiar landmarks, Waiting for the Trout to Speak takes
the reader on a fascinating spiritual and intellectual journey through time and
space. Along the way, Honeycutt points out intricate details of her observations
about everyday living and human existence.

These poems are finely crafted works that sustain memory and feelings long
after the last line is finished. The author touches on subjects
that have a ring of truth for people everywhere, particularly
the South. She makes skillful use of language, and her

Irene Blair Honeycutt. Southern voice is comforting as she talks about family, life

Waiting for the Trout to Speak.

and death, pain and sorrow, and moments of joy. Through
her incredible use of imagery, she shows us alternative ways

Charlotte, NC: Novello Festival Press, 2002. 75 pp. of seeing and thinking about ordinary and not-so ordinary
Paper, $13.95. ISBN 0-9708972-3-S. things. In the poem oEmbroidering, 1949,� for example, she

North Carolina Libraries, Vol. 60

talks about homemade pillowcases and describes olace
around the edges that looks like snow/ clinging.�
HoneycuttTs writing is ripe with courage and rich with

the dignity of the human spirit that prevails in trying times. An example is the
poem oThe Rest of Our Lives,� which makes the reader privy to a telephone
conversation between siblings. The brother is battling cancer and undergoing
chemotherapy, but remains optimistic in spite of his agony, ohis smile blossom-
ing through the phone.� All of the poems in this collection have the power to
make the reader reflect deeply.

Irene Blair Honeycutt resides in Charlotte. She teaches creative writing at
Central Piedmont College, teaches journal writing at Queens College, and serves
as a writing workshop leader. Her poetry has appeared in numerous publications
and won prestigious awards, notably the 1992 Sandstone PublishingTs Regional

Fall 2002 " 79

Poetry Contest for her first poetry manuscript, It Comes as a Dark Surprise. Other
honors for Honeycutt include the 1998 Best of Charlotte Award for the Best
Contribution to the Improvement of the Literary Climate in the City of Char-
lotte; the 1997 Adelia Kimball Founders Award for her advocacy for writers; a
North Carolina Arts Council Scholarship to study at the Prague Summer Writers
Workshop in the Czech Republic; and a 2000 Creative Fellowship from the Arts
and Science Council.

Waiting for the Trout to Speak would be fine company on a quiet evening
with a warm cup of tea, and will make a wonderful addition to school, public,
academic, and personal libraries. It is ideal for serious students of poetry at the
high school level and beyond, and will be a wonderful resource for anyone
teaching poetry.

" L. Teresa Church
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill

Guidelines for the Preparation of Reviews for North Carolina Libraries |
North Carolina Libraries is the quarterly journal of the North Carolina Library Association. The oNorth Carolina Books�

section reviews recently published fiction, nonfiction, and reference works thematically related to North Carolina. Review-
ers are librarians or ae on North Caroliniana. Reviewers are not paid, but keep the books they review.



Guidelines: .

1. Read the book carefully; cin the iembotien to skim through it.

2. Generally, a review should begin with an interesting introduction, summarize the: bookTs contents, and conclude with an
objective critical analysis and statement of suitability for various types of libraries gaat wees school, or special).
The review should describe the author's goal and tell whether (s)he achieved it. _-

3. Mention the authorTs background and qualifications. It the noel is the first b an author, say So; if it is not, mention
other works. If possible, compare the book to earlier works. .

4. For works of fiction, consider point of view setting, plot belevabiy success of character development, and appropri-

_ateness of length... / :

5. For works of nonfiction, consider comprehensiveness, nature of source material, objectivity currency, and illustrative
matter. Note the presence of bibliographies, appendixes, and ir :

6. ChildrenTs books require special care. Tell whether works of fict on are likely: to be believable and ieukeay Judge the

literary and artistic merit of the book; do not praise or criticize the book simply on the basis of its subject or theme. Be

aware of stereotypes and generalizations in regard to race, se: or age tice whether works of nonfiction are accurate,
current, and free of oversimplification. For a books, notice and olla ce comment on the. ogee ie tctaa es of illustrative
matter oe its oui ae witht the eg












Format:
At the beginning of the review, cite the author(s), e editor(s) or ~compiler(s) i in order: place of publication and publisher;
number of pages; price; and ISBN. Note ordering formation if this differs from publisher.

Examples: Anthony J. Badger. Prosperity Road: The New Deal, Tobacco and North Carolina. Chapel Hi Fill: University of
: _ North Carolina: Press, 1980. 295pp. $2 BN 0-8078-1 67-2. _

Generally, reviews contain about 400 words. The reviewerT S name and institutional affiliation should appear at the end of
the review. . : -

Editing: : : _ .
Reviews are subject ic minor editing! The book review Aditer coh the editorial t board of North Gucing Libraries reserve
the right to alter reviews to conform to style requirements of the journal (Chicago | Manual of Style). If extensive modifica-
tion is required, the review and a list of goes one will be returned to the reviewer. |

Address: ©
Please send reviews by ernat to: dhoddar@eo. newihanovee pcs 7 8 eo
If e-mail is not an option, gees send a hard ee iti a em in Rich ve Format ~ rt) on : ( /2" disk, formatted for IBM,
to; " Dorothy Hodder. | _ a :
__ New Hanover County Public bray
201 Chestnut Steet... 7
Wilmington, NC 28401

If you have questions or tetris please call o 0-772. 7858 or «foie 710-341 4357,












76 " Fall 2002 North Carolina Libraries, Vol. 60

NortTuH CAROLINA LIBRARY ASSOCIATION
MINUTES OF THE EXECUTIVE BOARD
Friday, April 19, 2002

Elon University

Elon, North Carolina

Attending: Ross Holt, Pauletta Brown Bracy, Martha Davis, Diane Kester, Jim Carmichael,
Vanessa Work Ramseur, John Via, Al Jones, Irene Laube, Jennie Hunt, Evelyn Council, Joline
Ezzell, Paula Hinton, Keith Burkhead, Beverley Gass, Robert James, Elizabeth Leonard, Linda
Hearn, Peggy Hoon, Jan Blodgett, Priscilla Lewis, Laura West, Terry Brandsma, Gerald
Holmes, Michael Sawyer, Sue Williams, Teresa Wehrli, Suzanne White, Phillip Barton, Patrick
Valentine, Mark Pumphrey, Elizabeth Laney, Catherine Wilkinson, Cathy Rocco.

Call to Order, Welcome, and Approval of Minutes:
President Ross Holt called the meeting to order at
10:00 a.m. Laura West welcomed the NCLA Executive
Board to Elon University and urged members to tour
the new campus library before leaving today. John Via
made a motion that the minutes of the January 25,
2002 NCLA Executive Board meeting be approved.
After two corrections were noted by President Holt,
the minutes were approved as written.

PresidentTs Report:

(Full report: http://www.nclaonline.org/ExBd/meet-
ings/agenda/mtg020419.html)

President Holt noted that the Fall/Winter 2001 edition
of North Carolina Libraries and the first edition of the
newly revived Tar Heel Libraries have been published
and that NCLA Executive Board members have been
given copies today. Holt introduced Cathy Rocco as
the new interim NCLA Administrative Assistant, who
has been working in the NCLA office three days a week
since early March. During that time, Rocco has mailed
2,000 postcards requesting address corrections for
1999-present NCLA members. Two hundred address
corrections and 50 return addresses have been received
to date, and 1,273 membership renewal packets
containing the Fall/Winter 2001 North Carolina Librar-
ies, the April 2002 Tar Heel Libraries newsletter, a
membership brochure, an invitation to renew from
President Holt, and a renewal form were delivered for
mailing on April 17, 2002. In addition, Rocco will mail
packets containing the publications, a membership
card, and a personalized welcome letter to the 400
members who have already joined or renewed for

North Carolina Libraries, Vol. 60

2002. The association has made great strides in the

reorganization of the administrative office since
January 2002.

TreasurerTs Report:

(Full report: http://www.nclaonline.org/ExBd/meet-
ings/agenda/mtg020419.htmI)

Treasurer Diane Kester reported that NCLA is stable
financially, with money market accounts still earning
in spite of low interest rates. Vice-President Pauletta
Brown Bracy asked Treasurer Kester how the problems
with unknown expenditures on the NCLA credit card
occurred. Kester explained that NCLA obtained a
credit card, but did not write guidelines for its use. The
former NCLA Administrative Assistant submitted a
synopsis of expenditures to the Treasurer. Kester
thought all expenditures were legitimate until she was
able to obtain and examine the bank statements. She
said that unknown and unexplained expenditures
were then reported to the bonding company, from
whom NCLA will receive most of the money back. In
answer to Mike SawyerTs question about pressing
charges, President Holt replied that charges do not
have to be filed in order to get the money back from
the bonding company. Holt said that he has consulted
an attorney for advice on the matter. Secretary Martha
Davis explained that to insure a system of checks and
balances for NCLA, some office processes have been
changed. The NCLA credit card has been canceled and
all check requests now go directly to the NCLA Trea-
surer instead of the NCLA Office.

Fall 2002 " 77

Section/Round Table Reports
(Full reports for Community and Junior College
Libraries Section, Documents Section, NC Association
of School Librarians, Public Library Section, Reference
and Adult Services Section, Resources and Technical
Services Section, Round Table for Ethnic Minority
Concerns, Round Table on the Status of Women in
Librarianship, Technology and Trends Round Table are
available at http://www.nclaonline.org/ExBd/meet-
ings/agenda/mtg020419.html).

ChildrenTs Services Section:
No report.

College and University Libraries Section:

Chair Jim Carmichael reported that members of the
College and University Libraries Section are working
on programs to present at the Association of College
and Research Libraries (ACRL) National Conference to
be held in Charlotte. Barbara Moran is in charge of
this effort.

Community and Junior College Libraries Section:
Vice-Chair Keith Burkhead noted that the CJCLS Board
met in January, discussed ways to recruit and retain
members, and brainstormed ideas for a Fall 2002
workshop. On March 8, Chair Peggy Quinn promoted
NCLA and CJCLS at a meeting of the Council of
Community College Library Administrators with the
NCLA display board and brochures for library directors
to take back to their libraries.

Documents Section:

Chair Paula Hinton reported that Laura West has
developed a program entitled oThe Virtual Depository
Library,� which is scheduled for Friday, May 17, 2002,
at the McKimmon Center at North Carolina State
University.

Library Administration and Management Section:
Martha Davis reported that the LAMS Board held its
first meeting at Guilford College on April 12, 2002.
Topics of discussion included ideas for a workshop and
the recruitment of members. Chair Dale Cousins has
contacted possible presenters for two workshops on
Customer Service in late fall, one in the eastern part of
the state and one in the western part. Other possible
workshop topics suggested were omarketing the
message� and public relations in tough times.

North Carolina Association of School Librarians:
Chair Al Jones is seeking a school librarian who can
assume the office of Vice Chair and work with him to
revive this section. Meanwhile, Jones will be attending
the AASL Affiliate Assembly meeting at the ALA
Conference in Atlanta this summer on behalf of
NCASL.

78 " Fall 2002

North Carolina Public Library Trustee Association:
No report.

Public Library Section:

The PLS Planning board met on February 15, 2002.
Members discussed completion of the balloting,
membership, participation in the Leadership Institute
in October, and holding a oDisaster Planning and
Recovery� workshop on Thursday, September 12,
2002, conducted by Robert James. Chair Patrick
Valentine reported that the PLS Awards Committee is
exploring a Public Librarian of the Year Award to be
named after Bill Roberts. A $2,000 donation to start
the award has already been promised. The award is in
the development stages only and will be brought to
the NCLA Executive Board later.

Reference and Adult Services Section:

Chair Joline Ezzell reported that the RASS Executive
Committee is working on a new membership brochure
for the section. Committee members have also identi-
fied potential speakers and topics for a fall workshop
to be held once in the eastern part of the state and
once in the western part.

Resources and Technical Services Section:

Chair Evelyn Council reported that the RTSS Board
will meet on May 7, 2002. The RTSS Board will discuss
steps that can be taken to increase membership in the
section and also brainstorm a list of possible topics
and speakers for a late fall workshop. Possible topics
will be how to deal with budget cuts and cancellations,
electronic licensing, and electronic vs. print purchas-
ing decisions.

New Members Round Table:

The New Members Round Table plans to send a wel-
coming letter to each new NMRT member by the end
of May. Chair Jennie Hunt reported that NMRT is also
interested in reviving the oBig Adventure� event,
which focuses on group visits to several libraries and
other major sites in a single city. Raleigh might be a
possible site for a summer oadventure.�

North Carolina Library Paraprofessional Association:
This section plans to have a workshop in October on
paraprofessional certification.

Round Table for Ethnic Minority Concerns:
Vice-Chair Gerald Holmes shared that the REMCo
Executive Committee met on February 15. Round
Table members evaluated their NCLA program, HATS,
discussed ways to increase membership and let NCLA
members know that this section is not just a round
table for African Americans, and brainstormed some
possible off-conference year programs. Potential topics
include evaluation of resources and services for diverse
communities and recruiting minorities into the
profession. Holmes is also recruiting volunteers for the

North Carolina Libraries, Vol. 60

April 10-13, 2003 ACRL Conference to be held in
Charlotte.

Round Table on Special Collections:

This section is planning two workshops in September,
one to be held in the eastern part of the state and one
in the western part. Focus of the workshops will be on
outreach, marketing, and promotion of individual
departments within the larger library.

Round Table on the Status of Women in
Librarianship:

RTSWL is sponsoring a workshop on September 27,
2002, in Winston Salem. Dr. Arabelle Fedora will
present oEffective Presentations to 1 or 1,000.� Regis-
tration forms for this workshop will appear in the June
issue of the Ms. Management newsletter. The section is
also proceeding with plans to give a biennial award to
a olibrary professional who has supported women in
North Carolina librarianship.� Hopefully, the first
award will be given at the September 2003 Biennial
Conference in Winston Salem.

Technology and Trends Round Table:

Chair Terry Brandsma reported that TNT is planning a
full-day workshop possibly in mid-September 2002,
centering on innovative uses of technology and
creative problem solving using technology. TNT has
also been approached by the UNC Teaching and
Learning with Technology Collaborative and the
University Library Advisory Council about possible
participation in a oBest Practices Technology Fair.�

Committee Reports
(The link to full reports for the Archives, Finance,
Governmental Relations, Intellectual Freedom, Leader-
ship Institute, Literacy, and Operations committees are
available at http://www.nclaonline.org/ExBd/meet-
ings/agenda/mtg020419.html).

Constitution, Codes, and Handbook Revision:
Chair Phil Barton indicated that this committee is
starting to go through the NCLA bylaws and highlight
issues that need to be examined. There is some confu-
sion about how to do policy statements and where
they go in the NCLA Handbook. President Holt said
that that there is a section for policies in the Web
version of the Handbook and under oStanding Rules
and Policies� in the back of the printed Handbook. We
need to review the placement of policies in the Hand-
book and also create a section on contracts.

Continuing Education:
No report.

Development:
Chair Elizabeth Laney had no report at this time.

North Carolina Libraries, Vol. 60

Intellectual Freedom:

Chair Michael Sawyer has received no reports of
problems in North Carolina so far. Everyone is anx-
iously awaiting the outcome of the Child Internet
Protection Act (CIPA) trial being held in Philadelphia.
He spoke of other cases and decisions related to free
speech. Details can be found in the NCLA Intellectual
Freedom Committee Report on the Web.

Leadership Institute:

Chair Robert James said this committee is now accept-
ing contributions for scholarships for people to attend
the Leadership Institute. A brochure has been designed
and will be mailed out in May to NCLA members
along with information being posted to various
listservs. Targets have been identified and fundraising
for the Institute will soon begin.

Literacy:

Chair Mark Pumphrey reported that the Literacy
Committee plans to have a workshop on English as a
Second Language programs in libraries to be held in
late September 2002 at the Glenwood Branch of the
Greensboro Public Library.

Membership:

Chair Teresa Wehrli indicated that the Membership
Committee created the welcome letter and a new
business-card size membership card to go into the
membership renewal packets now in the mail. She has
a plaque for Frances Bradburn in appreciation of her
years as editor of North Carolina Libraries. Committee
members are also working to contact NC library
schools and be able to attend introductory meetings in
the fall to generate student interest in joining NCLA.
Now that the membership database is up-to-date and
many address corrections have been made, sections
may request updated membership lists from the NCLA
Office at any time.

Scholarships:

Chair Sue Williams reported that in spite of some
technological difficulties, information and applica-
tions for the various scholarships have gone out.
However, since interest rates are so low and monies
available are less than expected, some decisions need
to be made about the number and dollar amount of
scholarships to be given before applications can be
considered. Williams presented a proposal to fund the
scholarships from money available to special projects.
However, Catherine Wilkinson indicated that operat-
ing monies have never been used to fund scholarships.
Endowment funds were used to supplement scholar-
ships last year. Beverley Gass suggested that we move
the scholarship interest monies into the Endowment
and use those combined dollars to give scholarships.
Since this suggestion met with general agreement from
NCLA Board members, President Holt asked Elizabeth
Laney, Chair of the Endowment Committee, to work

Fall 2002 " 79

with Williams and the Scholarship Committee to
explore this possibility. Laney noted that the Query
Long Scholarship may have to be kept separate since it
was established specifically for library school students
who want to work with children. However, other
scholarship funds are a combination of money. We can
also receive at least 5% interest from the Endowment
each year. The general feeling was that we need to give
some scholarships (including the Appalachian Scholar-
ship awarded through NCASL) this year according to
funds available. Student loans also need to be consid-
ered. Records of repayment of these loans at 1%
interest are kept in the NCLA Office.

Other Reports
ALA Councilor:
Vanessa Work Ramseur asked NCLA Board members to
let her know of any issues and concerns that she
should address at the ALA Council and the ALA
Chapter Council meetings at the ALA Conference in
Atlanta, June 13-19, 2002.

SELA Representative:

John Via reported that the SELA conference will be
held in Charleston, October 24-26, 2002. He hopes
that NCLA sections will not schedule workshops on
these dates. Many interesting programs are planned
for the SELA Conference including a proposed pre-
conference on African Americans in Library Services in
the 21st Century. Via is still looking for someone to do
a program on new library buildings in the southeast.
No lodging information is available yet.

North Carolina Libraries:

(Full report available at http://www.nclaonline.org/
ExBd/meetings/agenda/mtg020419.html).

North Carolina Libraries has now entered into the
electronic age. Editor Al Jones said that the NCL
Editorial Board is accepting manuscripts on any topic
of interest to librarians. Submission of manuscripts is
entirely voluntary and no longer needs to reflect a
common theme. Jones commented that the Editorial
Board is still a volunteer organization of NCLA mem-
bers but no longer has to include a representative from
each NCLA section and round table.

State Library:

In Sandy CooperTs absence, President Holt reported
that the State Library is sending mailing labels to the
NCLA Office so that the Tar Heel Libraries newsletter
can be mailed to state legislators and other key indi-
viduals, as well as to NCLA members. Kester reported
that NCLA is still working with the State Library on
the oLibraries, The Very Best Place to Start� project.
Vice-President Bracy feels that NCLA knows very little
about the projects it administers for the State Library
and said that we should request a periodic written
report from Sandy Cooper. Gass said that NCLA should
also have a designated seat on the LSTA Board. That

80 " Fall 2002

representative could then regularly report on LSTA and |
State Library activities. President Holt will talk to
Sandy Cooper about a designated seat on the LSTA
Board and if she can provide a periodic report on
progress with projects administered through NCLA.
Currently, President Holt and Vice-President Bracy sit |
on the State Library Commission. Holt has recom-
mended Richard Wells for a position on the LSTA
Advisory Committee, but at this time does not know if
he has been appointed. Kester reported that at this
time the NCLA Treasurer and the NCLA Administrative
Assistant are two NCLA officials mainly in contact
with the State Library on these projects. She said that
we are supposed to have a signed contract with the
State Library for each collaborative project and that
NCLA is paid for being the fiscal agent.

Old Business
Commission on Charter/Home Schools:
Vice-President Bracy asked the NCLA Executive Board
members if they still want a position statement on
charter/home schools. Some of the issues and concerns
are (1) charter schools do not have to have school li-
braries staffed with accredited library professionals; (2)
more often than not, charter schools do not commu-
nicate needs to the public libraries; (3) children are not
getting adequate instruction at the osubstitute� public
library; and (4) public library collections and activities
do not reflect the needs of school children in the same
way that school libraries do. Patrick Valentine said that
a position statement, which was addressed to the State
Legislature, was presented to the NCLA Board about
four years ago, but was not adopted at that time. John
Via said that the NCLA position needs to be presented
to the Charter Schools Association and to the State
Board of Education that approves charter schools. |
Vice-President Bracy plans to have something in writ-
ing by the July 19 Board meeting so that an article can
be written for North Carolina Libraries.

Finance " 2002 Budget:

On behalf of the Finance Committee, Chair Catherine
Wilkinson submitted another draft of the NCLA 2002
Budget for possible approval. As she explained the
budget items, Wilkinson noted that we carried over
$1,688 from last year. Conference profits were $18,000
to be spread over two years"$9,000 per year. One
third of the projected 2002 revenue is from NCLATs
administration of State Library projects. If we meet
these revenue goals, only $1,086 will have to be pulled
out of reserves to balance the budget. In reference to
budgeted expenses, there is concern about expendi-
tures by committees. Last year, two committees spent
the largest portion of funds budgeted for committee
use. Therefore, the Finance Committee recommends
that beginning with FY 2003 all standing committees
submit operating budget requests for consideration by
the Finance Committee in building the budget. Once
established, the amounts indicated for each committee

North Carolina Libraries, Vol. 60

in the approved budget may not be exceeded by more
than 5% without prior approval.

Relative to the award of scholarships, the Finance
Committee is of the opinion that operating funds
should not be used for scholarships. Perhaps some
scholarships should not be given this year if the funds
have not generated enough interest. Private and
corporate donations are being solicited to support the
Leadership Institute. If enough monies are not do-
nated, the Executive Board will have to consider
whether or not to have the Leadership Institute this
year. Wilkinson said that the bylaws state that we must
have 10% of the budget in reserves. A motion was
made and passed to adopt the 2002 NCLA Budget as
presented.

Marketing and Publications " Logo:

The Marketing and Publications Committee had been
given a charge to look for new NCLA logo ideas that
would work equally well on the NCLA Web page,
promotional items, and stationery. Chair Suzanne
White presented several new NCLA logo designs to the
Board for consideration. Board members expressed
concern that none of the design symbols has any
special meaning or significance for libraries or NCLA.
White explained that if selected the symbol would
become the symbol by which NCLA is recognized even
if it has no obvious meaning now. Sawyer made a
motion to accept the logo in the upper left corner of
the suggestion page. Ramseur seconded the motion.
The motion failed by a vote of 7 in favor to 8 opposed.
Even though a logo is needed for the new NCLA Web
site, Marketing and Publications Committee members
were asked to solicit other designs more related to
libraries and the NCLA mission statement for consider-
ation at the July 19, 2002 Board meeting. Vice-Presi-
dent Bracy suggested that WhiteTs mother, the designer
of these logos, should be paid even though she was
willing to donate her time. Gass suggested that graph-
ics staff in some of our libraries should be asked to
submit logo ideas.

Fundraising Liaison Committee:

President Ross Holt will establish an ad hoc
Fundraising Liaison Committee to create guidelines
and coordinate the solicitation of corporate funding
for any NCLA activities. He asked the chairs of the
Development, Conference, Exhibits, and Leadership
committees to submit names of members to serve on
this committee. Robert James asked if NCLA has a
media person to advertise donations in both print and
electronic media. Holt stated that he will create a sub-
committee within Marketing and Publications to be
the media liaisons.

New Business

Nominating - Board Vacancy:
Since Teresa McManus has left the state, there is a
vacancy on the NCLA Executive Board for a Director.

North Carolina Libraries, Vol. 60

i

Nominating Committee Chair Gass made a formal
recommendation that Robert Canida of UNC-Pem-
broke be appointed to fill the unexpired term formerly
held by Teresa McManus. A motion was made and
passed with no opposition.

Archives " Retention Schedule Changes:

In Jean RickTs absence, President Holt reported that the
Archives Committee has proposed two changes to the
NCLA archives retention schedule: (1) retention of a
hard copy of the different versions of the NCLA Web
pages as they evolve; and (2) placement of materials
related to workshops held by round tables with other
round table materials rather than in a miscellaneous
category. Kester suggested that the first proposal needs
to be more specific since Web pages change daily and
many sections and round tables maintain their own
Web sites. Diane suggested that a hard copy of the
Web pages could be printed out and submitted with
each sectionTs biennial report. Since the first sugges-
tion is complicated, the Board decided to table the
discussion until July 19 when Jean Rick can be here.
The second proposal was accepted by the Board.

Conference - Annual Conference Discussion:
Vice-President and Conference Chair Bracy indicated
that the Conference Committee will hold its first
meeting at the end of June 2002. She asked for three
minutes of input on burning issues that should direct
the theme for the 2003 Conference. Mike Sawyer
suggested oAccessibility to Information.� Al Jones
suggested oSafeguarding Our Freedoms.� Bracy sug-
gested oCelebrate Librarians.� Jan Blodgett suggested
oCreating a Sense of Community.� Evelyn Council
suggested oUnited We Stand " Librarians Access
Everything.�

Vice-President Bracy also brought up the possibil-
ity of having annual conferences. John Via thinks that
annual conferences are a viable idea since many state
library associations have annual conferences and
many NCLA sections and round tables schedule fall
workshops anyway. Annual conferences might encour-
age more members to join NCLA each year rather than
waiting to join just before each biennial conference.
Yearly conferences might enable NCLA to do a joint
conference with the Southeastern Library Association
or other library associations. Sawyer commented that
an annual conference might precipitate yearly elec-
tions of officers. Gass commented that an annual
conference would need to be scaled down from the
present conference. Others asked about the effect on
getting exhibitors to come to an annual conference. To
examine these and other questions, President Holt
formed a Task Force on Annual Conferences with John
Via, Vice-President Bracy, Patrick Valentine, Nancy
Fogarty, and Elizabeth Leonard as members.

Governmental Relations " NC LIVE Resolution:
Chair Peggy Hoon presented a resolution drafted by

Fall 2002 " 81

Kevin Cherry in support of NC LIVE and making
access of information more equitable. Hoon made a
motion that NCLA Executive Board accept this resolu-
tion as a general statement of support for NC LIVE by
NCLA. Such a resolution could be used to solicit
support for NC LIVE and libraries from political groups
and gatherings such as the League of Women Voters,
county commissioner conferences, NC Legislative Day.
A friendly motion was made to change the word
ocitizens� to opeople of North Carolina.� The motion
to adopt the resolution with this change passed with
no opposition.

Hoon also reported that 8 NCLA members are
going to participate in Legislative Day in Washington,
DC, and that NCLA will have a luncheon at that event
with our state representatives.

Operations - Office Computer:

Chair Irene Laube described the process used to hire
interim Administrative Assistant Cathy Rocco and
listed a number of things she has been able to accom-
plish since beginning work on March 11, 2002. Rocco
has set up voice mail, updated the membership data-
base, sent out the address correction postcards, worked
on subscription claims, and prepared materials for the
renewal/publication mailing. She has done a terrific
job of getting the office moving again. However, since
she is only temporary, the Operations Committee will
need to advertise the position again soon.

Since the lease on the NCLA Office laptop will
expire in two months, the Operations Committee has
been exploring the purchase of a new laptop. Kester
has proposed that NCLA purchase the existing laptop
and give it to the NCLA Treasurer, and then purchase a
new laptop for the NCLA Office. However, the Opera-
tions Committee needs to know how much money
can be allotted for the purchase of a new office com-
puter and possibly a laser printer. Wilkinson noted
that in the newly adopted 2002 NCLA Budget, the
$24,000 budgeted for the Administrative Office in-
cludes $5,000 for a new computer. The Operations

82 " Fall 2002

Committee can proceed with the purchase of a new
laptop.

Listserv Policies - Commercial or Advertising Use:
The question was raised as to whether or not commer-
cial messages should be allowed on the NCLA listserv
(NCLA-L). The general consensus was that the NCLA
listserv should be used for NCLA business only. Presi-
dent Holt asked the Constitution, Codes, and Hand-
book Revision Committee to prepare a statement for
consideration at the July 19, 2002 Board meeting.

ALA CIPA Contribution Request:

Intellectual Freedom Committee Chair Mike Sawyer
said that ALA is asking state library associations to
contribute $2,000 to support the CIPA legal action.
Even though we might not be able to give that
amount, Sawyer feels that NCLA should give some
amount to ALA for this purpose. President Holt re-
ferred the issue to the Finance Committee to see what
amount of money, if any, can be found within the
2002 Budget to contribute to the CIPA cause. A deci-
sion can then be made at the July 19, 2002 Executive
Board meeting.

Announcements, Other Business

Elizabeth Laney made a motion that the NCLA Execu-
tive Board commend and express gratitude to Diane
Kester, Martha Davis, Irene Laube, and Cathy Rocco
for their contribution to the Association during the
transition of the NCLA office. The motion passed
without opposition.

The next NCLA Executive Board Meeting will be
held on July 19, 2002 at Fayetteville State University.
Evelyn Council is the contact person for this meeting.

The meeting adjourned at 3:15 p.m.

Respectfully Submitted,

Martha Davis, Secretary
Minutes Revised as Adopted on July 19, 2002

North Carolina Libraries, Vol. 60

Founding Members and
Contributors to the

g les North Carolina Library

NCLA Endowment Association established the
Benefactor NCLA Endowment Fund with
Leland Park | \ | iB - the North Carolina Community
Foundation in 1999. The
Sponsor purpose of the Endowment is to

Mr. & Mrs. William Powell

AY North Carolina Library Association support the NCLA Scholarship

: NCLA Endowment Fund for library school students,
Sustainer Affiliate Fund of the North Carolina Community Foundation t desta A f
Robert Anthony o provide funding for out-
Phil Barton standing speakers at the NCLA Biennial Conference, and to
: enhance continuing education of North Carolina librarians.
Kevin Cherry

Sue Ann Cody
Theresa Coletta
Martha Davis
Maureen Fiorello
Janet Flowers
Charlesanna Fox

N
Lila Friday amie)
Kate Hickey ans |
Marion Johnson
Rita Durse Johnson
Plummer Alston oAl� Jones, Jr.
Diane Kester Telephone e-mail

Elizabeth J. Laney
James Laney
Teresa McManus
Marilyn Miller
NCSU Libraries
Mary Elizabeth Poole
Peggy Quinn
Benjamin Speller
Jerry Thrasher
Patrick Valentine
John Via
Allegra Westbrooks

\

S e@ I want to contribute to the NCLA Endowment.

Type of contribution:
) Benefactor @ $1,000 Up ) Sustainer @ $100-$249
L} Sponsor @ $500-$999 L) Friend @ $1-$99

= Patron @ $250-$499 L) Other @ $

SPECIAL GIFTS AND REQUESTS:

L) Corporate @ $

Friend
G
Thomas Blackmon 4 ompamnhiane
Michael Cotter hin Memory LL} in Honor of:
Dale Cousins
Betty Daniel Acknowledgement to be sent to (name and address):
Rosemary Enos

Carol Freeman
Beverly Gass

Gwen Jackson
Virginia Lewis
ee poe LJ) Donation of stock, real estate, etc., or bequest. Check here for further
a i information, or contact the NCLA Administrative Assistant at the
Melissa Mills address below.
Carrie Nichols tt que
Margaret Randall Make check Payee » e-oian and write seb penance in = FOR line.
Sue Ann Scott Send form with contribution to: NCLA Administrative Assistant
Carol Sutherland NCLA Endowment
Marie 0. Spencer For more information 4646 Mail Service Center
Mae Tucker call NCLA at (919) 839-6252 Raleigh, NC 27699-4646

Katherine Winslow

North Carolina Libraries, Vol. 60

Fal 2002"-- 83