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Volume 96, Number 4
ISSN 0029-2540
ORTH.
ROLINA
Libraries
CHILDRENTS SERVICES
Beth Hutchison and Mel Burton, Guest Editors
Winter 1998
141 Looking Up: The Image of Youth Services Librarians, Patricia E. Feehan
and Jill E. Buie
145 Charlotte Public Library Speaks Espanol: Approaching the Hispanic Community
through Storytelling, Irania Macias Patterson
148 | smart Start: One Public LibraryTs Experience, Hannah Owen
CM: 00/0 0: SPREE Re rong ee rae a are RRR CTT RS
140 From the President
152 Between Us: ChildrenTs Librarians: Management Gurus of Librarianship?,
Mel Burton
153 Lagniappe: Kids Traveling Through Cyberspace: ItTs a Family Affair
Trilby Meeks
155 And in edition ...: The Relationship Between SuperiorsT Self-Disclosure, Offers of
Help, Offers of Cooperation, Frequency of Contact, Trust, and SubordinatesT
Job Satisfaction, Chrystal Bartlett
147 About the Authors
158 North Carolina Books
165 Wired to the World: Webcelerator, Ralph Lee Scott
166 NCLA Minutes
173 Index to North Carolina Libraries
Advertisers: Broadfoot's, 161;
Brodart, 154;
Checkpoint, 147;
Current Editions, 151;
Ebsco, 164;
Mumford Books, 144;
Phibig, 169 Cover: Original art by Jackie Laine, Gastonia, NC.
Quality Books, 157;
SIRS, front cover; North Carolina Libraries is the official publication of the North Carolina Library Association.
UNC Press, back cover. Art direction and design by Pat Weathersbee of TeamMedia, Greenville, NC.
From the President
Beverley Gass, President
140 " Winter 1998
hange is not much fun for anyone, I see now. Change brings loss and, if not grieving,
a sadness or nostalgia for the way things used to be. Did I really mean it all those
times in the past when I said that I liked change? Or were those bold words only an
attempt to reassure myself? ITm sure I meant it when I said that change is difficult.
Now, however, it may be that I understand those words in a new way. Maybe the personal
experience of change is the means for understanding the impact of change within the
workplace or the profession.
Change is everywhere and is essential even in writing an essay. An authorTs ability to
create smooth transitions and imaginative segues so that the reader is not consciously aware
of a change in thought or having moved into the future of the essay is a good way to measure
a writerTs skill. The ability to move to another part of the essay comes with practice, they say.
Skill in writing comes also with sitting back and letting the words and ideas flow.
Is this flow the same kind of flow that we seem to be experiencing now in NCLA? I
suppose that each NCLA president wants to make a difference and wants to move the organi-
zation forward during the brief two years of the presidency. Needless to say, I want to be sure
that at the next biennial conference, I can feel a sense of accomplishment. From all indica-
tions, this sense may be mine given the things that others are doing.
At the October NCLA Executive Board meeting, we heard about several workshops. They
are typical of the kinds of events that keep NCLA strong and a vital source of continuing
education programming during the non-conference year. The list of workshops included the
ChildrenTs Service Section oReading Renaissance Retreat�, the College and University
SectionTs, TFulfilling the Promise of the Millennium,� the Documents SectionTs workshop
entitled oWeb vs. CD-ROM: Access to Electronic Information�, the NCLA Leadership Institute,
RASSTs oNC LIVE: Taking it to the Limit�, and a TNT workshop.
Al Jones announced that the theme of the 1999 NCLA Biennial Conference is oImagine
the Future.� Surely you have already noted in your calendars that that event is scheduled for
Winston-Salem and the Benton Convention Center on September 21-24.
The NCLA Development Committee recommendation to establish an endowment fund
through the North Carolina Community Foundation was approved by the Executive Board.
Ross HoltTs work as chair of this committee promises NCLA a new means for supporting the
organization and meeting the needs of members.
Several other projects are underway within the association. Expect to hear more about
them within the next weeks and months. Look for news from Ben Speller and the new
Continuing Education Committee and Dave FergussonTs Non-Conference Year Planning
Committee. Keep watch, too, for the first edition of NCLA E-News, our upcoming electronic
newsletter edited by Pam Burton.
Our print journal, North Carolina Libraries, signed an agreement with H.W. Wilson that
allows the journal to be accessed through their full-text online products. Royalties will be
paid to the journal based on the number of hits. Congratulations, Frances Bradburn and
Editorial Board members.
Have you seen the new tabletop exhibit for NC LIVE that NCLA funded? It is quite
handsome. It is available through Janet Freeman, chair of the Publicity Advisory Committee
of NC LIVE, for the use of libraries and groups across the state.
I am pleased to announce that NCLA has a new friend and advocate. We nominated
Marcus Trathen, an attorney with the firm of Brooks, Pierce, McLendon, Humphrey &
Leonard of Raleigh and Greensboro to attend the ALA/ABA sponsored institute oLawyers for
Libraries.� Marcus attended the Chicago conference where he, along with several other attor-
neys, was trained in the applicability of First Amendment to library policies, procedures and
problems, particularly those relating to the use of the Internet in libraries. He joins the cadre
of lawyers who make themselves available to assist librarians in defending the freedom to
read. He reported that he learned lots at the Institute and is willing to assist librarians in their
battles in these arenas. We look forward to hearing about the institute when he attends the
next Executive Board meeting. We also look forward to hearing from you. Write, call, or post
it to NCLA-L!
North Carolina Libraries
Looking Up:
The Image of Youth Services Librarians
by Patricia E. Feehan and Jill E. Buie
oYes?� The librarian did not bother to look up.
oCould you recommend a good book for a girl?�
oHow old?�
oShe is eleven.�
Each week Francie made the same request and each week the librarian asked the same
question. A name on a card meant nothing to her, and since she never looked up into a
childTs face, she never did get to know the little girl who took a book out every day and two
on Saturday. A smile would have meant a lot to Francie and a friendly comment would have
made her so happy. She loved the library and was anxious to worship the lady in charge. But
the librarian had other things on her mind. She hated children anyhow.'
he year was 1966 and I was 21
years old when I read this pas-
sage from A Tree Grows in Brook-
lyn by Betty Smith. It was my
first foray into literature for
young adults, and I was preparing
myself to become a high school
English teacher. As I read about
FrancieTs visit to the library, the room
began to spin around me and I had to
momentarily put the book down. I was
in total anguish for this little girl who
was so anxious oto worship the lady in
charge� who never looked up! It was dur-
ing this dizzying and exquisitely (not to
mention satisfyingly dramatic) moment
that I decided to become a childrenTs li-
brarian.
oT would look up!� I vowed. oI
would get to know all of the Francies
and Frankies that walked through the
door of my library! I would be worthy
of their patronage and strive to be able
to recommend good books to them.�
And so, because of a negative por-
trayal of a librarian in a minor role in a
well-known and beloved novel, I did be-
come a childrenTs librarian, and I
worked against that negative image for
North Carolina Libraries
17 years before entering the Ph.D. pro-
gram at the University of North Caro-
lina at Chapel Hill. Today, I am a
teacher of childrenTs librarians, and I
feel as strongly today about FrancieTs ex-
perience as I did 21 years ago.
We all know the negative physical
image of the librarian " an uptight old
maid with her hair in a bun and glasses
perched on the end of her nose who
shushes patrons.
oThe stereotype may not have
originated in the books that we read
and the shows that we watch, but these
are some of the vehicles for perpetuat-
ing it,� writes Gregg Sapp in his article,
oThe Librarian as Main Character: A
Professional Sampler.�� Sapp includes a
litany of negative characteristics de-
scribing the stereotypical librarian: or-
derliness, introversion, unattractive-
ness, naiveté, etc.
According to Helene Woodhams,
the typical literary librarians are oof a
~certainT age, i.e., rarely young; they are
single; they are conservative in dress
and manner; they are obsessively tidy in
practice and in appearance (physical
beauty is uncommon, unexpected, and
jarring when it exists ...)�3 Also, part of
the stereotype is the fact that the librar-
ian is almost always female.*
I was a mature college student
when I happened upon the hapless fe-
male librarian character with the bad at-
titude. I have no memory of literary
influence preceding this incident. How
often do young people come across a
negative portrayal of a librarian in their
literature? The question begged for
some research.
The Heylman Study
Katherine M. Heylman, a school librar-
ian, was the first to address the issue in
an article for School Library Journal in
which she posed this question, oCould
(awful thought) the books we are pur-
veying daily to the new generation be
helping to perpetuate the negative im-
age of ~librarianT we so deeply hate?�®
While much has been written about the
portrayal of the librarian in literature
and films, the image of the librarian in
childrenTs literature is an area that has
gone unexplored. HeylmanTs study of
oLibrarians in Juvenile Literature� was
published in 1975. She analyzed the
Winter1998 " 141
image of the librarian in childrenTs fic-
tion, both picture books and chapter
books, and found an opposite stereo-
type of the typically negative character.
Heylman makes an interesting point.
Ask anyone to describe Marian
the Librarian, and see how many
of these words crop up: glasses,
old maid, dowdy, prim, narrow-
minded, fussy. In point of fact,
none of these words typify
Meredith WilsonTs original
Marian, who is not only pretty,
but has a lot of zip and is trying
desperately but unsuccessfully to
wake up the rest of River City to
newer and broader
viewpoints ... From whence
comes our readiness to lay so
many negative qualities on
Marian? Could we have ingested
any part of it with our early diet
of reading?®
HeylmanTs study analyzed 22
childrenTs books published between
1932 and 1975. These books included
25 portraits of librarians. The study
scored the characteristics of age, mari-
tal status, appearance, attitude toward
patrons, and the general image left by
the book. Heylman found that the li-
brarian in childrenTs books is female (24
to 1), young (11 to 6), either married or
likely to become so (10 to S), attractive
(13 to 3), has a positive attitude toward
patrons (22 to 3), and presents a gener-
ally positive image (19 to 2).T
The Buie Study
In 1997, Jill E. Buie, a school librarian
in Grover, North Carolina, conducted
a study replicating, in part, the
Heylman research. The scope of BuieTs
study® covered childrenTs books, not
young adult books, published after
1975 and hypothesized that the image
of the librarian in childrenTs literature
has remained the same " that is, the
image has remained a positive one.
Buie consulted professional re-
sources such as the Subject Guide to
ChildrenTs Books in Print; A to Zoo: Sub-
ject Access to ChildrenTs Picture Books;
Play, Learn and Grow: An Annotated
Guide to the Best Books and Materials for
Very Young Children; Best Books for Chil-
dren: Preschool through Grade 6; and The
Best in ChildrenTs Books: The University of
Chicago Guide to ChildrenTs Literature to
identify books in which a librarian ap-
pears. Eighteen titles were analyzed. Of
the 18 books, 11 were picture books
and 7 were chapter books. HeylmanTs
characteristics of the librarian were
considered. Again, these included age,
142 " Winter 1998
marital status, appearance, attitude to-
ward patrons, and the general image
left by the book. Illustrations, dialogue,
and narration were analyzed.
The Findings by Category
Age
Whereas Heylman found 11 representa-
tions of a young librarian and 6 of a
middle-aged to old librarian, the Buie
study found 7 and 10 respectively.
Characters were placed in the oyoung�
group if they were described or ap-
peared as youthful and fit. This seems to
bea oflip flop� of what Heylman found
20 years ago.
Marital Status
Heylman found 4 single librarians, 10
married or marriageable librarians, and
5 oprobable old maids.� Buie found 2
single librarians, 5 married or marriage-
able librarians and 2 oprobable old
maids.� This conclusion was based on
placing the youthful librarians called
oMiss� in the single group; the librar-
ians called oMrs.,� or who had boy-
friends or children, in the married and
marriageable group; and those who
were older and lived alone in the oprob-
able old maid� group. In both studies,
the majority of librarians were married
or marriageable.
Appearance
Regarding appearance, Heylman found
13 cases of attractive librarians and 12
cases of average to unattractive librar-
ians. Buie found 8 instances of attrac-
tive librarians and 8 instances of aver-
age to unattractive librarians. This was
a highly subjective category. Buie placed
librarians in the attractive category if
they were described as physically attrac-
tive or if they seemed youthful and did
not wear glasses.
Attitude toward Patrons
Heylman found 22 occurrences of the
librarian possessing a positive attitude
toward patrons and 3 occurrences of a
librarian exhibiting a negative attitude
toward patrons. The Buie study found
all 19 portrayals of the librarianTs atti-
tude to be positive, and none being
negative. Positive was defined as the li-
brarian being helpful and nice, if not in
the beginning, then at least by the end
of the story.
General Image Left by Book
The previous category, attitude toward
patrons, carried the most weight in de-
termining the librarian characterTs
placement in the final category.
Heylman found 19 instances of a posi-
tive general image, 2 instances of a
negative general image, and 1 instance
of a neutral image. The Buie study
found 17 occurrences of a positive gen-
eral image, none that were negative,
and 2 that were neutral. Buie placed two
cases in the neutral group because the
librarianTs appearance in the story was
not memorable.
BuieTs observations were very simi-
lar to the Heylman study, matching in
the categories of appearance, attitude
toward patrons, and the general image
left by the book. Buie ran chi-square
tests on the categories of age and mari-
tal status. She started with the null hy-
pothesis that time has had no effect on
the portrayal of the librarianTs age and
marital status in childrenTs literature.
The chi-square tests did not reject the
hypothesis. Thus it can be concluded
that the portrayal of librarian characters
in childrenTs literature in terms of age
and marital status has not changed.
Despite the fact that 27 years have
passed since Heylman conducted her
study of the image of the librarian in
childrenTs literature, an examination of
childrenTs literature published after
1975 to the present reveals that the
positive image that Heylman found has
not significantly changed, although in
regard to age, the librarian more often
appears to be middle-aged or older.
Heylman offered several explana-
tions for the reversal of the usual librar-
ian stereotype. One explanation was
that editors and authors may be sub-
consciously obuttering up� those who
buy most of the childrenTs trade books.
Another explanation was that othe pre-
ponderance of good-image librarians
results from the fact that people who
write books in general, and particularly
those who write for children, have had
more positive experiences with librar-
ians than negative as they were growing
up.� And, of course, there are a number
of childrenTs authors who have been
childrenTs librarians themselves.�
Overall, librarians in childrenTs lit-
erature have fared pretty well. And
... if young people have a negative impression
of librarians, they are not getting it from the
literature they read.
North Carolina Libraries
Heylman states, owhile it is unlikely
that children really see us as we are so
flatteringly presented in the library
books, it is just as possible that they
have not all formed the more usual ste-
reotype in which to place us.�?°
Taking Image One Step Further
A psychologist acquaintance of
HeylmanTs pointed out that ostereo-
types do not arise from a vacuum and
are originally modeled to some degree
on reality.�'! We can draw one conclu-
sion from the two small studies dis-
cussed in this article and that is, if
young people have a negative impres-
sion of librarians, they are not getting
it from the literature they read.
Personally, I can take this one step
further. I decided to become a librarian
because of a negative portrayal in a
book. I had decided at age 12 to be-
come an English teacher because I
loved to read literature. I was dissuaded
nine years later when I read A Tree
Grows in Brooklyn. It would be interest-
ing to find out what drew other
childrenTs librarians to the library pro-
fession. But thatTs another article.
Recruitment and Training of
Youth Services Librarians
I did find out, however, a little infor-
mation on the status of youth services
recruitment and training in schools of
library and information science. In
June 1998, an informal survey was sent
to 179 faculty listed in the directory of
the Association of Library and Informa-
tion Science Education. The directory
indicated faculty whose research and
teaching were in the area of program-
ming and services to children and
young adults in school and public li-
braries. The informal survey asked ten
short questions covering enrollment,
coursework, the image of youth ser-
vices, reasons that students choose
youth services professions, and the
facultyTs opinion on the strength and
vitality of the area of youth services in
general. I discovered that the oincred-
ible, shrinking� childrenTs librarian
written about in Mary SomervilleTs ar-
ticle oFacing the Shortage of ChildrenTs
Librarians�? in the ~80s, has not disap-
peared altogether.
There were only 28 respondents,
but they represented half of the ALA-
accredited schools of library and infor-
mation science. Thirteen respondents
felt that more people were entering the
field of youth services. Adding my own
opinion to the responses, based on ten
years of working as a faculty member in
North Carolina Libraries
this area, I would say that the number
of graduate students in youth services
enrolled in the College of Library and
Information Science at the University
of South Carolina basically has been
stable. The number of students in
youth services has consistently made
up half of the overall student body.
More graduates are entering the school
library media program, fewer in public
library youth services.
Technology has had the biggest im-
pact on libraries, library schools, and
on the youth services curriculum.
While some faculty feel there is not
time for onecessary electives that pro-
duce well-prepared youth services li-
brarians,� others are developing and
adding innovative courses that inte-
grate electronic resources, multimedia
materials, and computer applications.
The coursework has definitely changed
in both content and teaching methods
that reflect the new technologies (e.g.,
distance education via telecommunica-
tions), and are in keeping with current
professional issues and theories.
While the majority of respondents
said that there was no longer an em-
phasis on traditional storytelling and
programming, many new areas were
being addressed in youth services
courses. These areas include adminis-
tration and management, strategic
planning, advocacy for youth, assess-
ment information, multiculturalism in
literature, a focus on family services,
and collaborative program planning
among others. The image of the youth
services librarian ten years ago may
have been someone sharing a picture
book with a group of preschoolers or
booktalking to a high school class. To-
day ~s image includes that of a techni-
cally skilled cybrarian drafting budgets,
facilitating focus groups, and learning
to assess not only materials collections,
but also community needs, both inter-
nally and externally.
The majority of respondents feel
that the image of youth services has
stayed the same in the past 15 years. As
one respondent put it, onaturally being
a feminized area and more devoted to
children diminishes its status but it is
still well regarded in a minor status.�
There is a critical need for childrenTs li-
brarians, especially in school library
media centers, and they are doing well
by the communities they serve. Other
respondents feel the image has been
strengthened by technology while re-
maining true to concerns with litera-
ture, reading, and literacy. If there have
been changes in recruitment at all, it is
because once students enter a graduate
program, they are exposed to what
some call the oautomation glitz,�
which becomes a stronger calling. The
increase in corporate or special librar-
ies is also a factor.
Graduate students in youth ser-
vices are practical as well as philosophi-
cal. They love children and childrenTs
literature, and they want to make a dif-
ference. They enjoy public service and
are interested in advancing literacy.
They are choosing school libraries be-
cause of (1) the pay; (2) the critical
needs in schools that produce lots of
job opportunities; and (3) a work
schedule that leaves them time for
their families and the summers off. It is
a change for teachers who wish to re-
main in a learning environment and
build on their teaching backgrounds.
The application of technology also is
attractive to some.
Those choosing the public library
environment relish variety, autonomy,
freedom, and having fewer regulations
than in schools.
Respondents generally feel there is
a positive and energetic feeling in the
field. The image in library literature is
that of the ooverworked and underval-
ued� librarian, but in general those re-
cruited into youth services are among
the best and the brightest and the most
dedicated. One respondent added a
note that an ALA advisement employ-
ment center head had told her that a
childrenTs specialist could name any
state and find a job there.
The image of the youth services librarian ten years
ago may have been someone sharing a picture
book with a group of preschoolers or booktalking to
a high school class. Today ~s image includes that of
a technically skilled cybrarian ...
Winter1998 " 143
My personal take on many of the
responses I received was that vital youth
services programs in our library schools
may exist because of faculty who feel
that owe need to put the kids first�; fac-
ulty who feel that othe opportunity for
creative renewal and revisioning of
youth services in our ~information ageT
is there�; faculty who oworry about the
perception by todayTs library students
that public library youth services posi-
tions are overworked and underpaid, as
well as underappreciated,� but who
counteract that perception on a daily
basis as enthusiastic and positive role
models who feel that it is still a ogrow-
ing, vibrant, promising aspect of the
profession.�
In the past ten years, six of eight
presidents of the American Library As-
sociation have put a great deal of em-
phasis on serving youth. One respon-
dent expressed the opinion that the
area is strong and could be getting
stronger.
It is a time of great opportunity to
make the oimage� more attractive and
timely. We can start them out with the
positive image of librarians in childrenTs
literature, continue to set a positive ex-
ample as practitioners in our schools
and in public libraries, and recruit them
into a field for which there is great hope
and passion.
Picture Books Analyzed in the Buie
Study
Alexander, Martha. How My Library
Grew, by Dinah. New York: H.W. Wil-
son Co., 1983.
Best, Cari. Red Light, Green Light, Mama
and Me. New York: Orchard Books,
1995.
Deedy, Carmen Agra. The Library
Dragon. Atlanta: Peachtree, 1994.
Green, John F. Alice and the Birthday
Giant. New York: Scholastic, 1989.
Houghton, Eric. WalterTs Magic Wand.
New York: Orchard Books, 1989.
Hulbert, Jay and Sid Kantor. Armando
Asked oWhy?� Milwaukee: Raintree
Publishers, 1990.
Kimmel, Eric A. I Took My Frog to the
Library. New York: Viking Penguin,
1990.
Pinkwater, Daniel. Aunt Lulu. New York:
Macmillan, 1988
Porte, Barbara Ann. Harry in Trouble.
New York: Greenwillow, 1989.
Radlauer, Ruth Shaw. Molly at the
Library. New York: Simon & Schuster,
1988.
West, Dan. The Day the TV Blew Up.
Niles, Illinois: Albert Whitman & Co.,
1988.
Chapter Books
Cleary, Beverly. Dear Mr. Henshaw. New
York: Morrow, 1983.
Clifford, Eth. Help! ITm a Prisoner in the
Library. Boston: Houghton Mifflin,
1979.
Dahl, Roald. Matilda. New York: Viking
Kestrel, 1988.
Greenwald Sheila. The Mariah Delany
Lending Library Disaster. Boston:
Houghton Mifflin, 1977.
MacLachlan, Patricia. Baby. New York:
Delacorte Press, 1993.
Mahy, Margaret. The Great Piratical
Rumbustification and the Librarian and
the Robbers. Boston: David R. Godine,
1978.
Miles, Betty. Maudie and Me and the Dirty
Book. New York: Avon Books, 1980.
References
' Betty Smith, A Tree Grows in Brook-
lyn (New York: Harper & Row, 1943,
1947; Perennial Library edition, 1968):
24-25.
2 Gregg Sapp, oThe Librarian as
Main Character: A Professional Sam-
pler� Wilson Library Bulletin (January
HOSAE2o:
3 Helene Woodhams, oTo Know
What People Think about the Public
Library ... Read a Novel!� Public Librar-
ies 35 (November/December 1996):
354.
* Melvin K. Burton, oWhose Mom Is
a Librarian? Or Does Gender Make a
Difference in ChildrenTs Librarianship?�
North Carolina Libraries (Summer 1993):
72-74.
* Katherine M. Heylman, oLibrarians
in Juvenile Literature,� School Library
Journal (May 1975): 25.
Selbidyi2s-
7 Ibid.
8 jill E. Buie, The Image of the Librar-
ian in ChildrenTs Literature, Graduate Re-
search Project, College of Library and
Information Science, University of
South Carolina, 1997.
° Heylman, 25.
10 Tbid., 25-26.
elbidii26:
% Virginia Van Vliet, oGreat Expecta-
tions: the Role of the Professional
ChildrenTs Librarian,� Emergency Librar-
ian 17 (May/June 1990): 28-31.
Errata!
At the time of the writing of Dr. Kenneth Shearer's article, oReadersT
Advisory Services: New Attention to a Core Business of the Public
Library,� (Fall 1998), the number of items in NoveList was 62,000 not
34,000. We apologize for the error.
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by /rania Macias Patterson
e In 1998, 12 million Hispanic children live in America, up from 9.8 million in 1990. That
compares with 50.8 million non-Hispanic whites and 11.4 million non-Hispanic blacks.
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twice as likely as whites to drop out school, and more likely than blacks or whites to live in
poverty when someone in the household works, federal statistics show.
* In North Carolina, public schools struggle to cope with a steady stream of Hispanic immi-
grants whose children speak little or no English.
¢ State officials say public school enrollment of Latinos grew 285 percent from 1990-91 to
1997-98, with Mecklenburg (jumping from 740 students to 2,813), Cumberland (from 1,328
to 2,454), and Onslow (from 457 to 822), the fastest growing counties.
e The 1990 Census showed that there were 6,061 Hispanics in the Charlotte Mecklenburg
area; today there are approximately 60,000 Hispanics, a figure that still probably is underes-
timated.
e Hispanics are arriving in Charlotte at a rate of 12 per day.
e English as a Second Language Programs have 1,478 students speaking 48 different languages
in ESL classes, with Spanish as one of the most common languages.
" The Charlotte Observer, July 2, 1996, 1A.
he increase in the Hispanic
population, as seen in the
above statistics, has been an
unexpected factor in the
economy of Charlotte, a city that
offers Hispanics a welcoming en-
vironment. Recognizing the need
to improve the literacy skills and the
accessibility to bilingual materials to
this community, the Public Library of
Charlotte and Mecklenburg County
hired a bilingual childrenTs specialist.
In October 1997, the library began its
Early Intervention Reading Program for
Hispanic/Latino families funded in part
by the Foundation of the Carolinas
through their new Building A Better
Future grant program. The libraryTs
Early Intervention program primarily
provides low-income Hispanic children
North Carolina Libraries
(18 months through 4 years) and their
families with reading readiness and lan-
guage experiences in both Spanish and
English. To achieve this goal, I was
hired as a bilingual storyteller to serve
as a liaison between the library and the
Hispanic community. I worked closely
with Pat Siegfried, director of Youth
Services Department, in developing the
program.
Objectives
I work with parents to achieve the fol-
lowing objectives:
¢ Provide strategies for sharing
literature with their children and
expand their childrenTs pre-reading
skills.
e Expose these parents to library
services and help them become self-
sufficient.
e Teach adult family members com-
puter search strategies as well as
facilitate word processing, basic
computer techniques, and Internet
skills.
e Listen to family needs and refer the
families to appropriate community
services (Health Department,
Charlotte Mecklenburg Schools,
Spanish language media, etc).
e Provide workshops for teachers and
library staff to overcome the
language barrier and help Latinos
access resources.
The Program
My first question was how to begin. Al-
WinteR1998 " 145
though we had searched for program
models, our particular approach seemed
to be unique. First, it was very impor-
tant to understand the characteristics of
the Hispanic population in Charlotte,
which is composed primarily of new im-
migrants. I knew the majority of the
community was Mexican and I thought
that being a Venezuelan could be a bar-
tier; however, I quickly learned that if I
showed them my true desire to help
them improve their lives, and~used my
sense of humor to break the ice, there
would be no barriers.
In some countries in Latin America,
it is not common to have storytellers in
the library, and my title was Narradora
de Cuentos or Storyteller. At first the His-
panic parents thought: o;Una Narradora
de cuentos? Well, I do not need that. I
need a job first, or health assistance.�
They did not see the purpose of having
a storyteller until I explained to them
what it meant. For some low income
families, education is not a need. For
them, health services or job opportuni-
ties are their priorities. My job was to
open their eyes and make them under-
stand that education should be a big
need in their lives .
I had to make parents and
preschoolers fall in love with reading,
but storytelling was a concept they did
not understand. These parents were
never read to before as children, so why
are they going to read to their children
now? It was like telling someone who
has never tried a mango to eat one just
because it tastes good! I knew that until
they understood what I was talking
about, they would neither get involved
in the program nor come to the library.
I took hundreds of flyers advertising the
program to health fairs, festivals,
schools, churches, and organizations
that target Hispanics. I went on radio
programs and wrote several articles in
La Noticia, a local Hispanic newspaper.
I found that personal contact was the
best way to reach the population.
I contacted three mothers who
lived in the most concentrated Hispanic
areas of the county. They were assigned
to be the leaders of their apartment
complex and spread the word, and they
became known as the oMom Leaders.�
We started in their homes with three
children in each, and after a month, we
had approximately eight per home.
Then one mother told another mother
in a different area of the city, and the
phone began to ring. More and more
parents were wondering what was go-
ing on in their friendsT homes and were
inviting me to start a new group in their
146 " Winter 1998
neighborhoods. I never said oNo;� in-
stead, I went to their houses and gath-
ered the people in the surrounding
homes to form bigger groups. Three
months later, I had five regular pro-
grams being conducted in homes and
two programs in libraries.
By the time I had 13 children in one
of the Mom LeadersT homes and only
three parents with transportation, I
knew it was time to move them into the
library. The home was small and did not
offer the quality setting that a story time
required"the telephone rang, a child
wanted to pick up his toy under the
sofa, the room was too cold or hot, a
mother needed to cook because her
husband was coming home soon. These
were all problems I needed to resolve
soon, but I was not sure how. Finally, I
suggested that we all take the bus to the
library and we did.
It was and still is very hard to tell a
mother who does not speak English,
depends on her husband for everything,
and who has two or three babies to take
a bus. It was an educational campaign
that required a lot of psychology. Gradu-
ally, the mothers understood the signifi-
cance of their childrenTs educations and
the little sacrifices they needed to make.
To help the communication be-
tween the staff and the Hispanic com-
munity, I translated into Spanish some
library forms such as the application
card, the library procedures and policies,
the childrenTs program listings, and
other brochures. This still was not
enough, so I prepared two workshops
for the librarians titled oExcellence to
Hispanics.� This workshop covered
some cultural issues as well as vocabu-
lary necessary to use with Hispanic pa-
trons in a library environment.
Evaluation
We developed several forms to evaluate
childrenTs progress, tours, and work-
shops. We also created a log to track re-
quests from the public, referrals made,
and sources of information about the
program. Every three months we met
with the families at their homes where
we discussed their childrenTs develop-
ment in such areas as book and print
awareness, word recognition, language
comprehension in both languages, re-
sponses to text, social and personal skills,
and knowledge of general concepts.
Computer Skills
In addition to storytelling, we began a
program to help Hispanic framilies use
computers to search for materials for
themselves. I had found that many or-
ganizations that assist low income His-
panics are resolving their emergency
problems, but forget that they also need
to become self-sufficient. I taught them
how to use library computers to find
books of interest to them and gave them
a bibliography of bilingual and Span-
ish books. I also recruited four volun-
teers to teach Microsoft Word and the
Internet in Spanish to this community.
At first we offered the computer classes
to the families already involved in story
time. In less than a month, however,
demand was so great that we extended
the classes to the community in gen-
eral. After attending four consecutive
classes, participants received a odiploma
of participation� which gave them a
sense of accomplishment. We also cre-
ated a Spanish computer guide for this
course.
Some Problems
Some English speaking parents want
their children to learn Spanish through
storytelling, but this is not our current
objective. Also some Hispanic parents
want their school-age children to attend
the storytelling session and, although
the program is designed for pre-
schoolers, we have made it clear that
everyone is welcome.
In some home day cares, I work
with Vietnamese, Cambodian, His-
panic, Russian, or Chinese children.
What language am I going to use if they
do not speak English or Spanish? At
these moments I feel frustrated, but I
am always prepared with many books,
ideas, and games. It is fascinating to see
children who do not speak the same
language participating and listening to
the storytelling.
Teaching English
I use an ESL approach as part of my
storytelling sessions. Storytelling is an
excellent way to teach any language,
especially when the story is highly pre-
dictable, includes vocabulary from the
home and school environment, is re-
petitive, and makes use of patterns (like
those found in Brown Bear, Brown Bear,
What Do You See?), and lends itself to
the use of visuals to illustrate its con-
tent and progress. If the children do not
speak English, I tell the story in Span-
ish first and, later, in English. Sometimes
the visuals are so good that it is not
necessary to use Spanish at all.
Results
Our program has grown significantly in
seven months. The following are some
indicators of our success:
¢ We have accumulated approxi-
mately 165 volunteers hours.
North Carolina Libraries
¢ Ninety percent of the families who
were in the program for at least
three months have library cards.
¢ At this point, 80% of the children
who were in the program for 6
months showed improvement.
e Five groups of families have deposit
collections of at least ten books in
both languages.
¢ More than 18 library promotional
and informational materials have
been translated into Spanish.
¢ Fifteen percent of the families are
using library materials and the
computer system independently.
e At least ten families involved in the
program have registered their
children in the new preschool
program, and they are ready to start
school.
¢ Each week the library receives calls
requesting programs for older
children, not just Hispanics, but
children in general.
A Final Thought: Who Am I?
I often ask myself: am I a librarian or a
social worker? Am I a storyteller or a
teacher? Am I a Venezuelan or a His-
panic in the US? Am I an executive or
an actress? Am J a referral agency or a
translator? In order to be successful in
this exciting and challenging role, I
have had to be prepared for every con-
tingency. This program is a result of
collaborative work between Pat Siegfried
and me. Our communication about the
progress and limitations of the program,
as well as our genuine desire to serve
this community, have been important
factors for this project as it continues
to grow and challenge us.
Favorite books to built English vo-
cabulary:
(In general Tana Hoban books are good
to teach concepts).
Carle, Eric. Do You Want To Be My Friend?
Crowell, 1971
Carle, Eric. The Very Hungry Caterpillar.
Philomel Books, 1987
Charles, N.N. What Am I? Blue Sky
Press, 1994.
Ehlert, Lois. Color Farm. Lippincot, 1990.
Fox, Men. Hattie and the Fox. Bradbury
Press, 1987.
Martin, Bill. Brown Bear, Brown Bear
What Do You See? Holt, Rinehart, Win-
ston, 1983.
Morgan, Pier. The Turnip. Philomel
Books, 1990.
Shaw, Charles. It Looked Like Spilt Milk.
Harper Row, 1947.
Walter, Virginia. Hi, Pizza Man!
Goembel, Ponder, 1995.
Wise Brown, Margaret. Good Night,
Moon. Harper Trophy, 1947/1997.
Some Spanish and bilingual books
parents like to use for pre-school
children:
Ada, Alma Flor. The Christmas Tree.
Hyperion Books For Children, 1997.
Bang, Molly. Diez Nueve, Ocho. Green-
willow Books, 1997.
Barbot, Daniel. Rosaura En Bicicleta.
Ediciones Ekare, 1997.
Carlson, Nancy. Me Gusto Como Soy.
Viking, 1997.
Freeman, Don. Corduroy. Puffin Books,
1990.
Gonzalez/Delacre. The Bossy Gallito/El
Gallo de Bodas. Scholastic, 1994.
Guarino, Deborah. Tu Mamd Es Una
Llama. Scholastic, 1993.
Haggerty, Mary Elizabeth. Una Grieta En
La Pared. Lee & Low Books, Inc, 1993.
Kleven, Elisa. Viva Pifiata. Dutton
ChildrenTs Books, 1996.
Kraus, Robert. Leo El Capullo Tardio.
Windmill Books, 1997.
Roe, Eileen. Con Mi Hermano/With My
Brother. Bradbury Press, 1991.
Rosen/Oxenbury. Vamos A Cazar un Oso.
Ediciones Ekare,1993.
oTortillas Para Mama and Other Nursery
Rhymes. Holt/Rinehart/Winston,1981.
Wells, Rosemary. oNora La Revoltosa.
Dial Books for Young Readers, 1997.
Note: Wordless picture books are good for par-
ents who do not read English because they can
create the words.
Be
ABOUT THE AUTHORS ...
Mel Burton
Jill E. Buie
Patricia E. Freehan
South Carolina
Trilby Meeks
Education: B.A., University of Delaware; M.L.I.S., University of South Carolina
Position: Information Services Manager, Mint Hill Library.
Hannah Owen
Education: B.A., University of Maryland; M.L.S., UNC-Greensboro
Position: Youth Services Librarian, Hickory Public Library
Irania Macias Patterson
Education: B.A., Universidad Catolica Andres Bello, Caracas
Education: B.A., Central Methodist College; M.A.L.S. University of Missouri-Columbia
Position: ChildrenTs Information Specialist, North County Regional Library, Public Library of
Charlotte and Mecklenburg County
Education: M.L.I.S., University of South Carolina
Position: Media Specialist, Grover Elementary School, Grover, NC
Education: M.L.S., Western Michigan University; Ph.D., UNC-Chapel Hill
Position: Associate Professor, College of Library and Information Science, University of
Position: Bilingual Children Specialist, Public Library of Charlotte and Mecklenburg SOueoi
Tired of making opermanent loans?�
Ralph M. Davis, Sales Representative
P.O. Box 144
Rockingham, NC 28379
| 1-800-545-2714
i CheckpointT
Tomorrow's Technology for TodayTs Libraries�"�
550 Grove Road « P.O. Box 188 * Thorofare, New Jersey 08086
(800) 257-5540 * TELEX: 84-5396 * FAX: (609) 848-0937
North Carolina Libraries WinteR1998 " 147
Smart Start:
One Public Library's Experience
n August of 1998, I attended the
annual membership meeting of
the Catawba County Partnership
for Children (Smart Start).! The
outgoing director of the board for
this program reflected on the
PartnershipTs accomplishments over
the past four years. She pointed to
many areas in which Smart Start has im-
proved the quality of childrenTs lives in
this county. She particularly mentioned
the libraryTs Smart Start project, a coop-
erative venture of the Hickory Public
and the Catawba County Public Library.
Our oBooks to Go� outreach service was
well received by local childcare centers.
We all had the warm feeling that you
get when you feel you have done a good
job and have been recognized for it.
Recently on a youth services sur-
vey, I named Smart Start as North
CarolinaTs greatest strength in provid-
ing library service to youth. Smart Start
has helped our local libraries meet the
changing needs of North Carolina chil-
dren and families by funding new li-
brary programs that would not exist
otherwise. Smart Start has produced
other, less tangible benefits, including
the networking of those who provide
services to young children. Four years
ago, however, I certainly felt not the
least bit of warmth toward that un-
known and frustrating organization
called Smart Start!
Catawba County was awarded
funding in year two of the stateTs Smart
Start initiative. In 1994, putting to-
gether any type of grant had been a
seemingly unattainable goal. The li-
brary and other potential grantees suf-
fered through mountains of paperwork;
meetings at 7:00 a.m., noon, and 5:00
148 " Winter 1998
by Hannah Owen
p-m., an ever-changing cast of local
characters and changing application
procedures; and blatant personal agen-
das, hidden agendas, sometimes no dis-
cernible agendas at all. For several of us,
it became a joke to find out when and
where meetings were being held. Some
of us were positive that there were other
meetings to which we were not invited
where presumably the really important
issues were being decided. Surely, some-
one somewhere had a better handle on
the situation. A low point was reached
when one fellow meeting junkie turned
to me and asked, oWhat are YOU doing
here? What does the PUBLIC LIBRARY
have to do with little kids?� If this per-
son, an educated parent of two small
children, did not know that any ran-
dom childrenTs librarian sees more little
children than any other person in any
county, it was obvious that we had
more problems to resolve than the issue
of a Smart Start grant.
In 1998, we have a highly regarded
and visible array of childrenTs services
funded by Smart Start. All of our pro-
grams are working very well. Every ser-
vice we conceived and implemented is
still going strong. How did we reach this
point after such a disastrous beginning?
One big obstacle to success was the
shaky beginning of our local Smart Start
office. The first executive director died
tragically. Then the next director left
quickly in a cloud of general ill will. It
was difficult to get information, and of-
ten no one even answered the phone.
Our local office is now very organized,
helpful, and staffed by people who
know their way around the non-profit
business: not an oxymoron. Now you
can find plenty of information includ-
ing the history, services, and phone
numbers from the state Smart Start Web
site.? Also, in October 1997, Andrew
Pates and Steve Sumerford published a
manual outlining the history, current
projects, and resources for implement-
ing Smart Start library programs.? While
obviously out-of-date the minute it was
published, this manual is still a valuable
document and would be immensely
helpful to individuals just beginning to
put together a grant.
Our early difficulties were exacer-
bated by the fact that Catawba County
is blessed with not only three public
school systems, but also two public li-
brary systems with separate budgets,
governing bodies, directors, and agen-
das as well. After many attempts to pro-
duce a single grant that would satisfy
every component of the two systems,
Smart Start has helped our local libraries meet the
changing needs of North Carolina children and
families by funding new library programs that
would not exist otherwise.
North Carolina Libraries
we decided to ask for separate funding.
After presenting our separate, very dis-
parate proposals, however, state officials
told us we had to work together to pro-
duce one grant, regardless of politics or
anyoneTs agenda. This required many
more meetings, of course.
Throughout this process, the
county system was without a youth ser-
vices librarian for a year, and the city
system had three different directors in
a four-year period. Working with other
childrenTs librarians has always been a
pleasure, and this would prove to be
true when the county finally hired one.
At the beginning, however, I was thrust
into grant writing with no knowledge
of the budget or political process or
even the operations of the county
youth services department, and the
county director at the time was stand-
ing tight beside me with no knowledge
of childrenTs services.
My library was also in the middle
of automating in a 50-year-old building
with two-foot thick solid brick walls. It
was hard to think what life could be like
with some cash when you were wearing
earplugs and plaster dust was falling in
your hair. Along the way we also en-
joyed The Great Asbestos Scare. We
came to work one day in the middle of
our summer reading program and
found the childrenTs department totally
sealed off. During this week-long pe-
riod, not only were all of our important
papers unavailable, but we anticipated
that quite possibly our entire childrenTs
collection might be declared toxic.
Thankfully, testing revealed no asbestos
problem and life at the library and the
wall-drilling went on.
Dealing with two finance depart-
ments was especially tricky. There were
many false starts. Coming right down
to the wire (the grant deadline), the
City of Hickory agreed to be the fiscal
agent for the project.
The North Carolina Department of
Human Resources now mandates that
the public library is to be represented on
every local Smart Start partnership
board. The library directors who lobbied
to make this happen deserve much
credit. In 1994 there was no official rec-
ognition of the libraryTs importance to
young children and families.* In fact,
several groups in my area proposed
funding projects that duplicated ser-
vices that libraries already had or could
much more easily house. After all, we
are already here " neighborhood-based
and open 70 hours a week. We as librar-
ians all know how wonderful libraries
are and that even the most under-
funded library can be a preschoolerTs
door to learning. We have apparently
failed in a big way, however, to broad-
cast this to many people outside the li-
brary. In our defense, often we are so
busy serving the people who come in
the door, we have no opportunity to fig-
ure out how to serve those who are not
using the library.
There were, in fact, many benefits
from this whole awful experience. We
got to know our community very well;
we got to know the other agencies that
serve young children well; and we had
the opportunity to tell everyone about
the library. We particularly got to know
our day care providers and conse-
quently changed the way we met their
needs.
We learned about our community
by attending those official meetings
Smart Start coordinator, Debbie Oldenbury, at Valley Hills Mall with display.
and every other gathering in the world
that had anything to do with children:
the day care association, the half-day as-
sociation, and the home day care asso-
ciation. We participated in any and all
events that had to do with small chil-
dren: local community college training,
any kind of child care provider training,
family day events, and back to school
days.
Along the way we learned that
Catawba County is a relatively wealthy
county, but that the wealth is the result
of our state of full employment and two
wage earners in a family. While no one
seems to be able to produce the exact
numbers, we often are pointed to as a
county with one of the highest percent-
age of working mothers in the nation.
As we got to know our day care provid-
ers (all those meetings), we became
aware of several significant factors: the
large number of small children in full-
time day care,° the huge barriers to qual-
ity day care, and the growing diversity
of the families that all public institu-
tions are trying to serve. It was~clear
from surveys that child care centers
were greatly in need of books,
storytimes, basic training in using
books, and a way of getting these ser-
vices to them during the regular work
day.T It was apparent that both librar-
ies were serving the centers that came
into the libraries fairly well. The county
already had a book-baggers program,
and the city had pre-assembled crates of
books on various popular themes to
loan. Both libraries had very well at-
tended in-house storytimes. In fact, if
you stood in the middle of any library,
you would think we were doing a good
job. After all, storytimes were packed
North Carolina Libraries
Winter1998 " 149
with groups from day cares, and
childrenTs circulation was increasing
yearly.
It was also clear that many centers
that had no transportation would ben-
efit greatly if we could figure out a way
to deliver books and storytimes to
them. Many teachers did not think of
using the library as a resource or did not
want to take the time after work to get
books. Even if they did, neither library
had enough quality picture books to
serve all the centers in the area.
In order to produce an outreach
program that would be acceptable to
both libraries and the local Smart Start
board, and would still meet the needs of
children, I made many frantic phone
calls to Marion Lytle in Rowan County,
Peggy Carter in Caldwell County, and
Erwin Byrd in Asheville-Buncombe. I
am very grateful for their patient and
practical suggestions. I like to think
of what we came up with as the
Ford model of outreach, not an ex-
pensive bookmobile or resource
center, but something that works
and yet would not give our conser-
vative board members fiscal hives.
With our first grants, we as-
sembled themed crates of books
and bought two Ford Astro vans to
transport books and storytimes to
centers and day care homes. The
milk crates contain 20-25 books, a
puppet, a teacher resource book, a
sheet of fingerplays and songs, and
a musical tape. It took a year of in-
tense physical and mental toil to
assemble these crates. Those of you
who still work under similar cir-
cumstances can imagine buying,
sorting, cataloging, and distribut-
ing $60,000 worth of
picture books. The
books first had to be
carried up a flight of
stairs to an un-
airconditioned sec-
ond floor of an old
house that served as
the childrenTs work
area. Because we were
told quite adamantly
that that we could
not pay salaries with
Smart Start money,
we did not hire any-
one to help imple-
ment our program.
So, who carried the
books up the stairs?
Did we even have
enough book carts?
The Hickory child-
190 " Winter 1998
renTs staff hauled the books and mate-
rials up those stairs and piled the books
in heaps (orderly heaps) on the floor be-
cause, no, we did not have enough
book carts.
By 1996, however, we received ap-
proval and the money to hire three
part-time storytellers. By the fall of 1997
we received money to hire a coordina-
tor of the program because it had be-
come impossible to run the program in
two different library systems without
someone to oversee it. The required
quarterly report alone was enough to
turn your hair gray. The coordinator
was one of the original storytellers and
has done an excellent job of both see-
ing the big picture and attending to the
minutiae of our programs.
Clearly, one of our tasks was to
make preschool teachers aware of what
was already available in each library. We
embarked upon a systematic marketing
campaign of library services. We started
a regular library newspaper column,
regular news releases, surveys, hand-
outs, brochures, radio announcements,
and TV spots. We responded quickly
when a teacher voiced a need that we
knew we could fill. We called people
and offered them services they didnTt
know they could get. While we still find
people who say, oI didnTt know the li-
brary had (fill in the blank) storytime,
boardbooks, teacher resources, baby
storytimes,� there is no doubt that the
visibility of our libraries has improved.
Our outreach storytelling and book
delivery program, oBooks to Go,� cur-
rently serves 79 facilities with a total of
3,780 children. We participate in well-
regarded training for child-care workers
in conjunction with the ChildrenTs Re-
source Center, another contractor. We
have been able to solve a constant
Smart Start Storytellers, Janet Sanders (top) and Karen Gehagen (bottom),
prepare for another presentation.
complaint of childrenTs depart-
ments: not enough copies of the
most in-demand titles. Our staff
shelves have grown to include fre-
quently used storytime titles, pup-
pets, big books, and bells and
whistles like storytime aprons,
mitts, and musical tapes. All of our
bright and shiny programs that we
are so proud of may seem old-hat to
many of you, but for those of us
who have operated in a cash-starved
situation for many years, it was a bo-
nanza.
Likewise, books and videos have
enriched our Parent-Teacher Re-
source shelves. We have bought
many titles especially for child care
providers. We run a oBooks for Ba-
bies� program at our two local hos-
pitals that gives ev-
ery newborn a book
and as well as infor-
mation about re-
sources at the public
library. Another pop-
ular service is our
oBooks to Stay�
project. We buy qual-
ity picture books
and musical tapes
for each child care
CElikels = LO Ree p.
While no child care
center could hope to
own the rich diver-
sity of titles any
childrenTs library
owns, there are cer-
tain titles that every
child should hear
again and again. We
North Carolina Libraries
currently are buying a collection of
holiday titles for all the participating
centers.
We also purchased computers ex-
clusively for the use of preschool chil-
dren. Each library in the county has a
computer with a large screen, little
chairs and tables, and developmentally
appropriate software. In 1994, none of
our libraries had any computers for the
use of any child. While we are now
awash with computers at Hickory Pub-
lic LibraryTs two new buildings (35 com-
puters with preschool games and links
to appropriate Web sites), those first
computers were a much-needed intro-
duction to quality software for many
families. The publicity associated with
those purchases drew many new cus-
tomers to our childrenTs departments.
Our latest project is oEnglish Com-
ing and Going.� We recognize the grow-
ing diversity of our communities and
want to help very young children and
their families learn English, become
part of our communities, and yet re-
spect their cultural backgrounds. Our
two main libraries have multicultural
centers with childrenTs books and tapes
in ten languages. Both systems also
have kits to loan with bilingual books,
audiotapes, and electronic phonics
games designed to help the whole fam-
ily learn English.
Do we have any major problems
now? Of course, we still have the prob-
lem of meeting the needs of two sepa-
rate library systems. There is some grip-
ing and sniping with the City of
Hickory who are doing the accounting,
but in general it has proved to be a sat-
isfactory arrangement. The latest trau-
matic problem was the Hickory Public
LibraryTs move to a much anticipated
new state-of-the-art facility where there
was no planning for several new func-
tions including " guess what " the
Smart Start program. There was nothing
wrong that a few meetings couldnTt
858 Manor Street
North Carolina Libraries
Lancaster, PA 17603
solve, however.
The biggest ongoing difficulty has
been evaluating outcomes. The state of
North Carolina is very much interested
in showing ever-increasing numbers,
particularly ounduplicated� numbers.
One state official actually suggested
that we collect and record social secu-
rity numbers from each child in every
storytime to determine if a child was
receiving more than one service. Al-
though we can survey childcare centers
to find out if they are satisfied with our
services, how do you measure the im-
pact of services on a particular child?®
Also, we now have many people want-
ing our services, and our storytellers are
stretched to their limits. We have some
decisions to make. Another problem
we have is finding and keeping part-
time storytellers. Burnout is obviously
a factor.
The best outcome for us is the in-
creased use of the library by a variety of
families. There is no doubt that the vis-
ibility of the libraries has increased.
There has been increased networking
with all of those who serve children. We
think we are doing a good job of serv-
ing the large number of children who
are in childcare in our county by con-
necting them with books and stories.
We think we are doing a good job of
training and providing resources to our
childcare workers and other persons
serving children. Has Smart Start been
an asset to the library? Yes: I hope no
one ever has the occasion again to ask,
oWhat does the public library have to do
with little kids?�
References
! The annual Board of Directors
Meeting of the Catawba County Part-
nership for Children was held on Au-
gust 17, 1998, at the Mosteller Estate.
Outgoing President and former County
Commissioner Gretchen Peed presided.
2 The Web site of the North Carolina
WHOLESALERS
TO LIBRARIES
Partnership for Children is http://
www.smartstart-nc.org.
3 Andrew Pates and Steve Sumerford,
Smart Start In Our Libraries. A Reference
Manual Based On The Experiences of Pub-
lic Libraries In North CarolinaTs Smart
Start Initiative (Greensboro, NC: Greens-
boro Public Library, 1997).
* The original authorizing legislation
for the Smart Start initiative can be
found on the state Smart Start Web site.
There is no mention of library officials.
No one at the state Smart Start office
could find either the date or the actual
legislation that required library direc-
tors to be on the local board.
5 According to the U.S. Census Bu-
reau, nationally 69.2% of women with
children under the age of six are in the
workforce. No one seems to be able to
produce this figure for either North
Carolina or Catawba County. However,
the Census Bureau does report that
47.4% of the total Catawba County
workforce is female. According to Marta
Koesling, Director of the ChildrenTs Re-
source Center, the Bureau does report
that as of 1990 the figures for working
single mothers is 63% in the USS.,
66.8% in the state, and 76.6% in
Catawba County.
Pees ACCOLGING. tO. Lhe
ChildrenTs Resource Center, there were
8,529 children ages 0-4 in Catawba
County and 3,095 were in licensed full-
day centers. This does not include day-
care homes or unlicensed care.
7 Regular, early reading to children is
one of the most important activities to
prepare young children for school ac-
cording to the National Education
Goals Panel in Special Early Childhood
Report 1997 (Washington, DC, 1997).
8 On a survey mailed July 1, 1998,
100% of the childcare centers who re-
sponded were overy satisfied� with the
Books to Go program and wanted it to
continue.
CURRENT EDITIONS, INC.
1-800-959-1672
1-800-487-2278 (FAX)
"Support North Carolina Libraries"
WinterR1998 " 151
eh Ce ee ee
ChildrenTs Librarians:
-Management Gurus of Librarianship?
dead-end job is how some have referred to
childrenTs librarianship because the perception is
that those working in that area donTt have much
skill in management. Will Manley in his March 1998
column in American Libraries stated that there is a strong
feeling that ochildrenTs services are a ticket to oblivion. This
is based upon the assumption that those who choose to
work with children do so because they themselves are
children and simply could not deal with the stressful
demands of management.�! I experienced the lack of faith
in the management skills of childrenTs librarians when I
investigated an available library directorTs job some years
back and was told by the acting director that candidates
with a strong childrenTs services background would not be
seriously considered. While, of course, the status of
childrenTs librarianship varies from one location to another,
there seems to be some validity to the opinion of some
library administrations that childrenTs services staff are not
the management equal of other
department staffs within the
library.
The irony of the less-than-
impressive evaluations of the
management ability of childrenTs
services staff is that fulfilling the
job requirements should provide
these librarians with the skills to
adopt many cutting-edge manage-
ment ideas. Manley states that
there is no better preparation for
management than serving chil-
dren; oif you can manage kids, you
can manage anything.� Other job
requirements also well prepare
Being active or energetic and
communicating with other
employees prepares a person
to fulfill an idea proposed in
In Search of Excellence:
MBWA, or management by
wandering around.
by Mel Burton
employees informed, and itTs fun.
Storytelling has long been associated with the job of
childrenTs librarian. The storyteller draws the audience into
an intriguing plot with well-described scenes and lively
characters. Storytelling is used to lead children to books
and reading and in many areas of the world to pass on the
culture of the community. If storytelling has been effective
in passing on mores of various peoples, then storytelling
can also be effective in passing on the corporate culture.
David Armstrong promotes this use of storytelling in his
1992 publication, Managing by Storying Around.* Armstrong
believes that storytelling is the best form of training, gives
recognition by including employee names in the stories,
empowers people, is more memorable, and is fun. If you
want to let a new employee know the preferred conduct,
tell the person a story about how another employee gave
great service to a customer.
Some recent management literature has stressed
empowerment or being a self
starter. ChildrenTs librarians have
to change what they are doing
continually, often in midstream, to
do what will work best. They also
envision and implement new
projects. Taking charge when
needed and starting new programs
is second nature to many
childrenTs librarians.
If the job that childrenTs
librarians do is examined thor-
oughly, I believe it would be
concluded that childrenTs librar-
ians are well suited to being
managers. Will those with an
childrenTs librarians for manage-
ment positions. Ads for childrenTs
librarian positions request traits or
abilities such as creativity, energy, exuberance, ability to
work with various ages, sense of humor, capacity to plan
and enact programs, written and oral communication skills,
and storytelling. These abilities common to childrenTs
librarians are also sought for management positions.
Being active or energetic and communicating with
other employees prepares a person to fulfill an idea pro-
posed in In Search of Excellence: MBWA, or management by
wandering around.� This means simply moving around and
talking to people. The authors state that the value of MBWA
is that you're accessible and there to listen, it helps keep
152 " Winter 1998
opposing view take the time to
study the skills of childrenTs
librarians and notice that match
with what is required of managers? Only time will tell, but
mistaken stereotypes die hard.
References
!Manley, Will. oTheories on the Disappearance of
ChildrenTs Librarians,� American Libraries, 29, 3 (March
ioe Warsi.
? Peters, Thomas. In Search of Excellence. NY: Warner
Books, 1993.
3 Armstrong, David M. Managing by Storying Around.
Three Rivers, MI: D.M. Armstrong, 1992.
North Carolina Libraries
compiled by Plummer Alston Jones, Jr.
Kids Traveling Through Cyberspace:
ItTs a Family Affair
by Trilby Meeks
he Internet, World Wide Web, Information
: Highway, and Cyberspace are all terms used to
describe the most exciting learning tool of this
century. Thanks to these new technologies, not only
can children children read about volcanoes, they can
see one erupt as well. They can visit great museums
and libraries around the world at the touch of the
keyboard. The benefits of this new technology make it
possible for families to:
¢ find educational resources
e get help with homework
¢ increase reading and cognitive skills
¢ improve technology and information skills
¢ connect with places around the world
¢ locate parenting information
e learn and have fun together
It is important for parents to educate themselves
about this new technology and the opportunities for
fun and learning that it offers. Just as you monitor and
help your children make selections from the many
cable channels, teaching them to make wise use of this
new medium is one of the most important things a
parent can do. Remember, itTs not the technology but
how it is used.
Working in ChildrenTs Services at the Public
Library of Charlotte and Mecklenburg County, I have
reviewed and evaluated appropriate Web sites for
children for many years. The PLCMC does recommend
interesting and useful sites and resources for children
and families to explore. The library does not monitor
and has no control over materials obtained on the
Internet, however, and cannot be held responsible for
its content. Therefore, children twelve years and under
must be accompanied by a parent to access the
Internet. For this reason, I have chosen to focus on
this age group. The following are my recommenda-
tions of oTwenty-plus Great Cybersites� for children
age three to twelve years old and their families.
North Carolina Libraries
For Children 3-5 Years Old
The Animal Alphabet
http://www.mrtc.org/~twright/animals/english/alphabet.htm
When you click on a picture, you will learn more about
the animal while learning the alphabet.
Barney
http://barneyonline.com
Preschool children and their care giver can join BarneyTs
fan club, visit the green and purple fun page, sing-a-long
songs, and do counting activities.
The Berenstain Bears Page
http://www.berenstainbears.com
Create your own coloring book, read an interactive book,
dress up the Berenstain bears, plus seasonal fun activities.
CarlosT Coloring Book
http://www.coloring.com/
CarlosT coloring page lets your preschooler become a
computer artist.
Random House for Kids (includes Arthur and Friends
and Seussville)
www.randomhouse.com/kids/arthur
This site contains games, books, and activities related to
Marc BrownTs popular character Arthur, plus games,
information, and fun from the publisher of Dr. Seuss
books.
The Sesame Street Web Site
http://www.sesamestreet.com
Explore your childTs favorite street as you visit the
preschool playground, and learn the Alphabet at Sesame
Street Central. Parents improve their skills at the Parent
Toolbox.
For Children 6-9
Ask Dr. Math
http://forum.swarthmore.edu/dr.math/
Ask Dr. Math will help when youTre stumped by math
problems. Good math history resource, too.
Winter1998 " 153
Flags of the World
http://155.187.10.12/flags/nation-flags.html
Color pictures of flags of most of the countries of the
world.
The History Channel
http://www.historychannel.com/today
This site looks at the many interesting events happen-
ing on a specific day of the year in history.
The Magic School Bus Page
http://scholastic.com/magicschoolbus
This site encourages activities related to many of the
Magic School Bus adventures.
The San Diego Zoo
http://www.sandiegozoo.org/Zoo/zoo.html
Take a tour of the San Diego zoo, send postcards, and
play games.
The White House for Kids
http://www.whitehouse.gov/WH/kids/html/home.html
Socks, the Clinton family cat, takes kids on a tour of
the White House.
For Children 10-12
African American Cyber Gateway
http://www.aawc.com/aawc.html
Links to information about all parts of African Ameri-
can culture.
American Girl Series
http://www.americangirl.com/ag/ag.cgi
This site expands on the stories in the series and has
a club for fans of American Girl.
Collection Development Services
A Custom Tailored Service
for New Title Selection
Make your new title selection process easier and more productive
with BrodartTs TIPS * (Title Information Preview Service).
Through nearly 60 years of serving the library community, weTve
learned that saving time is crucial for our library partners.
KO)
DART
Brodart Book Services
Collection Development + Cataloging & Processing * Electronic Ordering
500 Arch Street, Williamsport, PA 17705
800-233-8467 * Fax 800-999-6799
Brodart Ltd., 109 Roy Blvd., Brantford, Ontario N3R 7K1
Fax 800-363-0483 * www.brodart.com
Your partner in creating innovative solutions for libraries.
134 " Winter 1998
The ASL Dictionary
http://www.deafworldweb.org/asl
Using American Sign Language, learn to count, learn
the alphabet, and learn to tell a story.
B. J. PinchbeckTs Homework Helper
http://tristate.pgh.net/~pinch13
History, math, science biographies and more.
Bill Nye the Science Guy
http://nyelabs.kcts.org
This is the online lab for the popular TV show.
Cells Alive
http://www.cellsalive.com
All the facts on cells, including pictures.
Countries of the World
http://www.tradeport.org/ts/countries/
Information and maps can be found about the
countries of the world.
The Franklin Institute of Science Museum
http://sln.fi.edu/tfi/welcome.html
Education and museum tours available from this
Philadelphia museum.
The Nine Planets
http://www.seds.org/billa/tnp/
An overview of the history, mythology, and
current scientific knowledge of the planets and
their moons. Most provide references to additional
information.
Virtual Visits
http://iti.dpi.state.nc.us/virtualvisits
North Carolina Department of Public Instruction
Project that provides virtual tours of government
buildings and landmarks in North Carolina.
Volcano World Museum
http://volcano.und.nodak.edu
Great satellite and aerial images and interactive
experiments that supplement other volcano informa-
tion resources.
For All Ages
Bonus for Kids
http://www.bonus.com
A virtual playground and educational resource for
children of all ages.
The vast majority of Internet sites are perfectly safe.
But like the real world, the virtual world contains some
sites that may not be appropriate for children. Different
families have different standards; therefore, it is impor-
tant to establish clear guidelines for your childTs Internet
use. The best way to ensure your childTs safety on the
Internet is to be there. Of course, that is not always
possible. Just as you teach your child rules about dealing
with strangers outside the home, you must provide rules
for communicating online. Spending time with your
child online is one of the best ways to learn and teach
them responsibility, good conduct, and values that are
important to you. Ask them to share their favorite Web
sites and what they like about them. Help them discover
Web sites that can help them with their homework,
hobbies, and other special interests.
Happy traveling through cyberspace... oand may the
force be with you!�
North Carolina Libraries
Spee a
The Relationship Between
SuperiorsT Self-Disclosure, Offers of Help,
Offers of Cooperation,
Frequency of Contact, Trust, and
SubordinatesT Job Satisfaction
by Chrystal Bartlett
Editor's Note: The following research was based on a masterTs thesis at NCSU. In March of 1998,
the staff of the Wake County Public Library System were surveyed as part of a graduate thesis
study at North Carolina State University. The goal of the study was to determine what
influence, if any, five communication behaviors that may be received from immediate
superiors have on subordinate job satisfaction. The five communication behaviors tested were:
self-disclosure, offers of help, offers of cooperation, frequency of contact, and trust. With the
exception of self-disclosure, the communication behaviors were shown to be related to
subordinatesT job satisfaction levels.
Literature Review
The past 10 to 20 years have dramatically changed the opsy-
chological contract� between workers and their employers.
After two decades of employee layoffs, workersT trust and loy-
alty have fallen to record low levels. Studies show todayTs
employees are much more inclined to change jobs in the fu-
ture,! but population changes demand that organizations
must increasingly compete for their services.
The high costs of turnover, absenteeism, and lack of loy-
alty have led companies to experiment with signing bonuses,
401k matches, on-site daycare, and other equally high-priced
programs to secure their employee assets. These programs
have successfully increased satisfaction, but todayTs volatile
market almost guarantees these programs will be cut when
profits decline. The search for an alternative solution that
both increases subordinate satisfaction without incurring
long-term overhead costs led this researcher to the job satis-
faction antecedents uncovered in 1969 by Smith, Kendall &
Hulin. The antecedents are: the work itself, pay, promotions,
co-workers, and supervision.�
Many jobs can not be significantly changed, and eco-
nomic imperatives eliminate significant pay and promotion
changes. Changing co-workers, while possible, presents a lo-
gistical nightmare. Supervisors, then, with their heavy impact
North Carolina Libraries
on employeeTs perceptions and their position as subordinatesT
preferred information source,T present the greatest possibility
for change. Further, supervisorsT communication strongly
influences employee satisfaction.~
This study examines five superiorsT communication be-
haviors to examine their impact on subordinatesT job satisfac-
tion. Offers of help and offers of cooperation were chosen for
their role in team structures; trust was examined because of
its precipitous drop in recent years.~ Self-disclosure influences
trust-building,® and reflects Generation X communication
styles. Contact frequency touches on the changes technology
and telecommuting have brought to workplace communica-
tion. At the Wake County Public Library System (WCPL), con-
tact frequency relates to shift work, which inhibits workersT
contact with immediate superiors.
Methodology
The survey was pretested with 25 employees of the Forsyth
County Library System in 1997. The response rate was 76 %,
and the results showed reliable internal consistency levels.
The survey questions addressed the five communication
behaviors with a five-point scale of responses: strongly agree,
agree, undecided, disagree, and strongly disagree. Job satisfac-
WinteR1998 " 155
tion antecedents were used to establish the dependent vari-
able. The return rate was 53.6 with an average satisfaction
score of 7.7021 on a scale ranging from five to fifteen. This
finding indicates WCPL employees enjoy an overall high level
of satisfaction.
Findings
Four of this studyTs five hypotheses were proven. The fifth,
self-disclosure, yielded an interesting response pattern. Self-
disclosure has been described as being two-dimensional when
defined by content.T Task-focused self-disclosure is limited to
work and co-worker topics, but personal self-disclosure cov-
ers a wider range.® Task-focused self-disclosure was found to
be substantially related to subordinatesT job satisfaction.
The trust questions recalled the most commonly cited
aspects of trustworthy behavior: reliability, keeping promises,
and truth-telling. Every trust question was found to be sub-
stantially related to subordinate job satisfaction.
Helping behavior is defined as actions that have no ben-
efit for the aid-giver.T? The survey questions reflect subordi-
natesT tension when requesting help.'° Some fear perceptions
of incompetence or laziness; the inherent power imbalance
between superior and subordinate creates a reluctance to ask
" despite requests to do so.'' Offers of help were substantially
related to employee satisfaction, except where immediate
superiors offered frequently. Possibly, subordinates perceived
these offers as implications of incompetence.
Unlike helping behavior, cooperative behavior benefits
both parties.'? Survey questions addressed superiorsT past be-
havior, willingness, and availability to cooperate. Every aspect
tested was substantially related to subordinatesT job satisfac-
tion levels.
One contact frequency question asked whether subordi-
nates saw their immediate superiors daily; the other measured
employeesT comfort level when contacting their immediate
superiors. Both questions were found to be substantially re-
lated to subordinatesT job satisfaction levels.
One additional statistical measure explored supervisorsT
general influence on subordinatesT job satisfaction levels. As
a multi-unit organization, WCPL offers standard work, pay
and promotion. Branch hired co-workers vie for promotions
system-wide, creating a similar co-worker pool. The only sat-
isfaction antecedent that varies from branch to branch is the
supervision.
Satisfaction level variations were noted in the branch-by-
branch analysis. Assigning all causality solely to supervisorsT
is simplistic; job satisfaction does not operate in a vacuum.
But given the literature, it would be negligent to dismiss the
findings. They are most useful for pointing out intervention
opportunities for administration.
Discussion
Organization-wide measures for satisfaction show that the
WCPL staff enjoy a high satisfaction level. Recently, WCPLTs
hierarchical boundaries have been flattened. Reduced staff
levels and upper management training in team management
skills have empowered lower staff levels to make decisions
formerly reserved for supervisors. Characterized by democratic
problem solving and idea generation, team management
structures are most effective when accompanied by cross-hi-
erarchy efforts at helping and cooperating.
These efforts must initially come from immediate supe-
riors. The literature is quite clear: the inherent power imbal-
ance demands that the party with the least risk makes the first
move. Reciprocity may not occur until several efforts are
156 " Winter 1998
made, but research shows these supervisors are subsequently
held in more positive regard by their subordinates.
Like cooperation and helping, trust is reciprocal in nature;
the behavior must be initiated by the party taking the least
risk. Keeping promises and speaking the truth are contagious
" but the epidemic must begin at the top. Employees who
feel trusted have higher satisfaction levels than those who do
not.'* Beyond layoffs, trust also operates on the levels of per-
formance appraisals, task assignments, and promotions. Sub-
ordinates who do not feel trusted may be more inclined to
leave. All organizations experience turnover costs; boosting
trust levels may positively impact turnover levels.
Self-disclosure may still have a role to play. Its division
by content into task and personal matters appears significant.
At WCPL, employees receiving task-related information from
their immediate superiors reported higher satisfaction levels.
Self-disclosureTs role in trust-building should not be dismissed;
superiors risking task-related self-disclosure may be investing
in higher trust levels.
Frequent contact is a relatively new topic. The few
telecommuter studies available show that contact frequency
does impact job satisfaction, but no quantitative measures
have been established to date. Anecdotal evidence points to
a minimum once-weekly interval.' Additionally, studies on
exclusive e-mail contact have shown it to be insufficient and
frustrating. Face-to-face contact has repeatedly been shown
to be the preferred medium for most subordinates.'®
In general, WCPLTs satisfaction level appear enviable.
Additional work may be undertaken to increase cross-shift
contact, and to continue team management training. Inter-
ventions may be taken on a branch-by-branch basis, but.ad-
ministrators should be aware that once satisfaction programs
are begun, employees are highly aware of whether or not the
promised changes occur. When promised but not delivered,
satisfaction levels have dropped to lower than baseline mea-
sures. Any changes considered should be planned with the full
knowledge and participation of all involved. This decreases
organizationsT chances of moving in well-intentioned but
misguided directions. It also increases the level of buy-in
employees experience before, during, and after any organiza-
tional development program.
References
1 Susan B. Gould, Kerry Weiner, and Barbara R. Levin, Free
Agents: People and Organizations Creating a New Working Com-
munity (San Francisco: Jossey-Bass, 1997), xvii.
2 Patricia Cain Smith, Lorne M. Kendall, and Charles L.
Hulin, The Measurement of Satisfaction in Work and Retirement
(Chicago: Rand McNally, 1969), 30.
3 Robert L. Heath, Management of Corporate Communica-
tion: From Interpersonal Contacts to External Affairs (Hillsdale,
NJ: L. Erlbaum, 1994), 175; Eugene Marlow and Patricia
O'Connor Wilson, The Breakdown of Hierarchy: Communicat-
ing in the Evolving Workplace (Boston: Butterworth-
Heinemann, 1997), 871.
* Raymond L. Falcione, oThe Relationship of Supervisor
Credibility to Subordinate Satisfaction, � Personnel Journal 52
(September 1973): 800-803; Raymond L. Falcione, James
McCroskey, and John A. Daly, oJob Satisfaction as a Function
of EmployeeTs Communication Apprehension, Self-Esteem,
and Perceptions of Their Immediate Superiors� in Communi-
cation Yearbook 1: Organizational Communication, ed. Brent D.
Ruben (New Brunswick, NJ: Transaction Books, 1977), 363-
375; Gerald M. Goldhaber, Organizational Communication, 6th
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E. Harris, Applied Organizational Communication: Perspectives,
Principles and Pragmatics (Hillsdale, NJ: L. Erlbaum, 1993), 314;
Edward W. Miles, Steven L. Patrick, and Wesley C. King Jr. oJob
Level As a Systemic Variable in Predicting the Relationship Be-
tween Supervisory Communication and Job Satisfaction,�
Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology 69, 3
(1996); Smith, Kendall, and Hulin, 30; Paul E. Spector, Job Sat-
isfaction: Application, Assessment, Causes, and Consequences
(Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications, 1977), 38.
* Tom R. Tyler and Roderick M. Kramer, oWhither Trust�
in Trust in Organizations, 8.
° Sidney M. Jourard, The Transparent Self: Self-disclosure and
Well-Being (Princeton: Van Nostrand, 1964), 4; Dominic A.
Infante, Andrew S. Rancer, and Deanna F. Womack, Building
Communication Theory 2d ed. (Prospect Heights, IL: Waveland
Press, 1993), 156; Valerian J. Derlega et al; Self-Disclosure
(Newbury Park, Ca: Sage Publications, 1993), 88.
T Frederick G. Elias, Mark E. Johnson and Jay B. Fortman,
oTask-Focused Self-Disclosure: Effects on Group Cohesiveness,
Commitment to Task, and Productivity,� Small Group Behav-
ior 20 (February 1989): 87-96.
8 Derlega et al, 88.
° Stephen W. Worchel, Frankie Y. Wong, and Karen E.
Scheltema, oImproving Intergroup Relations: Comparative
Effects of Anticipated Cooperation and Helping On Attrac-
tion for an Aid-Giver,� Social Psychology Quarterly 52,3 (1989):
2S;
'© Everett M. Rogers and Dilip K. Bhowmik, oHomophily-
Heterophily: Relational Concepts for Communication Re-
search,� Public Opinion Quarterly 34 (Winter 1970-71): 535.
1! Worchel, Wong, and Scheltema, 213.
� Infante, Rancer, and Womack, 25; Jaesub Lee, oLeader-
Member Exchange, The ~Pelz Effect,T and Cooperative Com-
munication Between Group Members,� Management Commu-
nication Quarterly 11 (November 1997): 279; Worchel, Wong,
and Scheltema, 214.
18 W. E. Douglas Creed and Raymond E. Miles, oTrust in Or-
ganizations: A Conceptual Framework Linking Organizational
Forms, Managerial Philosophies and the Opportunity Costs of
Controls� in Trust in Organizations, 19, 28; William I. Gorden
and Randi J. Nevins, We Mean Business: Building Communica-
tion Competence in Business and Professions (New York:
HarperCollins, 1993), 70; Aneil K. Mishra, oOrganizational
Responses to Crisis: The Centrality of Trust� in Trust in Orga-
nizations, 267; John O. Whitney, The Trust Factor: Liberating
Profits and Restoring Corporate Vitality (New York: McGraw-Hill,
1994), 65.
�"� Falcione, 802; Raymond L. Falcione, oCredibility: Quali-
fier of Subordinate Participation� in Journal of Business Com-
munication 11 (Spring 1974): 43; Goldhaber, 223; Robert L.
Heath and Jennings Bryant, Human Communication Theory and
Research: Concepts, Contexts, and Challenges (Hillsdale, NJ: L.
Erlbaum, 1992), 243, 253; Stephen J. Holoviak, Golden Rule
Management: Give Respect, Get Results (Reading, MA: Addison-
Wesley), 20.
'S Gil E. Gordon and Marcia M. Kelly, Telecommuting: How
to Make It Work for You and Your Company (Englewood Cliffs,
NJ: Prentice-Hall, 1986), 130.
te Alvie L. Smith, Innovative Employee Communication: New
Approaches to Improving Trust, Teamwork, and Performance
(Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall, 1991), 119.
John Higgins, Sales Representative
P.O. Box 21011
Columbia SC 29221
1-800-222-9086
Fax: 803-731-0320
ww
OXFORD
North Carolina Libraries
OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS we QUALITY BOOKS INC.
WinterR1998 " 157
____ NORTH CAROLINA oe
se
Dorothy Hodder, Compiler
his collection of twelve essays, which includes a foreword by noted historian
John Hope Franklin, marks the centennial of the violent overthrow of local
government in Wilmington in November 1898. Most of the historians who
contributed these provocative essays presented their work at a symposium at
the University of North Carolina at Wilmington in November 1998. Acade-
micians and laymen alike responded eagerly to the ideas presented in the public
forum. It is likely that this volume, too, will stimulate interest and discussion.
This would please the editors, who sought not only to interpret the Wilmington
race riot in the context of the socioeconomic development of North
Carolina during the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, but also to
foster a more perfect society through frank examination of race
relations.
H. Leon PratherTs summary of his book about the Wilmington
David S. Cecelski and Timothy B. Tyson, eds. race riot, We Have Taken A City (Associated University Presses, 1984),
Democracy Betrayed: provides a framework for the rest of the essays. Prather tells how
Alex Manly, the African American editor of WilmingtonTs Daily
The Wilmington Race Riot of Record, ignited smoldering racial discord by publishing an editorial
stating that sexual relationships between white women and African
1898 and Its Leg acy. American men often were consensual. White elites, who had long
Chapel Hill: University of
North Carolina Press, 1998.
resented the relatively high economic status of many of
WilmingtonTs African Americans and their involvement in local
301 pp. Paper, $18.95. ISBN 0-8078-4755-0 government, led angry mobs in destroying ManlyTs newspaper,
~pre@iota $45. ISBN 0-8078-2451-8. killing innocent African Americans, and forcing the elected city
Kdited by David S. Cecelski & Timothy EB. Dyson
j
The Wilmington Race Riot of 1898 and Its Legacy
i ag
. a hs!
T fe
i!
T
With a Foreword by John Hope Franklin
198 " Winter 1998
officials to surrender their offices. The strife in Wilmington was the
flash point of a calculated campaign by the Democratic Party in
North Carolina to wrest control of state and local offices from the
Fusionist coalition of Republicans and Populists by inciting fear and
hatred of African Americans.
The remainder of the essays cover a broad span of time, but they
are linked thematically. The authors focus on how racial harmony in
North Carolina often depended upon the degree of civility or
deference African Americans exhibited and how whitesT fears of
racial amalgamation colored their attitudes toward or treatment of
African Americans. David Cecelski provides a backdrop for the
Wilmington affair with his analysis of the brief career of Abraham Galloway, a
former slave who became an important political leader during Reconstruction.
Glenda Gilmore and LeeAnn Whites explore the relationship between sexuality
and race relations. Raymond Gavins and Timothy Tyson analyze the legacy of
1898 through discussions of the Jim Crow era and the impact of World War II on
race relations. William ChafeTs epilogue carries the bookTs theme forward to the
civil rights movement of the 1960s in Greensboro.
Democracy Betrayed deserves a place in the stateTs academic, public, and high
school libraries. Its flaws"factual errors in PratherTs piece, inconsistencies in
footnote styles, and a tendency toward preaching in some essays"are more than
offset by the underpinning of in-depth research in a broad array of primary
sources and the powerful writing throughout.
" Maurice C. York
East Carolina University
North Carolina Libraries
eborah Knott fans will cheer this latest installment in the adventures of the feisty
judge, originally introduced as the BootleggerTs Daughter. After solving crimes
while circuit riding Down East (Shooting at Loons) and in High Point (Killer
Market), Deborah is back home in Colleton County (somewhere near Raleigh),
building a house of her own and running for re-election. As usual, family
troubles distract her from these projects, as well as from her courtroom and her
love life.
This time itTs A.K., teenaged son of DeborahTs third brother Andrew and his third wife April,
who, along with a couple of neTer-do-well friends, is in trouble for getting drunk and defacing a
cemetery. The three have just been sentenced for this offense when they fall under suspicion for
defacing and burning down a local Black church. Before this crime is
solved, two more Black churches in the area are torched and the sexton of
one of the churches dies in the blaze, turning the case into a murder
Margaret Maron. 2 SEEKS rss :
investigation. As usual, it is DeborahTs understanding of human nature, as
Home Fires Buri ning. well as her roots in the community, that help her crack the case.
New York: Mysterious Press, 1998. 288 pp.
$22.00. ISBN 0-89296-655-6.
Readers who have followed the whole series may feel that this episode is
rather tame. Deborah does less than her usual amount of annoying law
enforcement agents and terrifying her family by poking about unaccompa-
nied in pursuit of the murderer, contenting herself with darting into a
burning church to save the pulpit Bible. What they will enjoy is a relaxed
visit with retired bootlegger Kezzie Knott, Aunt Zell, Maidie, and Dwight
Bryant, as well as many of DeborahTs brothers, sisters-in-law, nieces and nephews, cousins, and
friends and associates from earlier books. The author has included a family tree to help sort out
Deborah's 11 brothers and their offspring.
In spite of all the church picnics and family barbecues that a campaigning judge has to
attend, and the nephews and nieces helping build their auntTs house and frolicking in her pond,
Maron, Deborah, and the reader know that this world is not as bucolic as it looks. The author
takes an honest look at racism as it intrudes in the courtrooms, the politics, the churches, and the
social life of the modern South, examining the problem from both White and Black perspectives.
As she has before in this series, she also comments on the development that is rapidly changing
her landscape.
Like all the Deborah Knott mysteries, Home Fires Burning is an intelligent, entertaining story
about likeable people dealing with believable problems in present-day rural North Carolina. It will
appeal most to those who have followed the series, which also includes Up Jumps the Devil and
Southern Discomfort. Highly recommended for high school and public libraries.
" Dorothy Hodder
New Hanover County Public Library
tolen Russian nuclear warheads, an angry Chechen terrorist,
corrupt government officials, and an ex-CIA knight-in-
shining-armor outline this somewhat predictable but essen-
tially solid thriller. Hovering off the coast of North Carolina
sits a trawler with five thermonuclear warheads and a crew of
determined terrorists bent on bringing Washington to its knees. Tipped
off by a friendly Mossad agent, the CIA calls on former operative Friar
Clarke, now retired in North Carolina, to investigate. What follows is an
adventure that brings the United States close to utter chaos.
John S. Powell. First-time author John S. Powell has taken all the requisite characters
The Nostradamus Prophecy. of a modem terrorist thriller, including a very likeable and potentially
reusable hero, and put them in the caverns and backwoods of North
Burlington, N.C.: Belladonna Press, 1998. | CarolinaTs Grandfather Mountain. There, working against the clock and
354 pp. $23.95. ISBN 0-9661922-5-7._ an incompetent President closely controlled by a powerful and corrupt
North Carolina Libraries
National Security Advisor, the drama unfolds. While PowellTs novel does
succeed at keeping the tension high and the reader anxious, those looking
for more than an incidental North Carolina backdrop will have to look
elsewhere. For large public libraries.
" Harry Tuchmayer
New Hanover County Public Library
Winter 1998 " 159
t seems odd to hear the stateTs largest city, Charlotte, referred to as oan agricultural
trading village,� but that is the way it started in the 1750s. Thomas W. Hanchett
traces CharlotteTs roots and subsequent development in Sorting Out the New South
City: Race, Class and Urban Development in Charlotte, 1875-1975. He attempts to
answer questions such as what shapes a city, its neighborhoods and its businesses,
and succeeds as he describes Charlotte in its preindustrial mode and beyond.
In the 1870s, Charlotte residents would live in neighborhoods without regard to class
distinctions, and the housing patterns reflected osalt and pepper racial mixing.� Over a
short period of time, however, the housing patterns began to shift as the cityTs financially
successful white men manipulated community decision making to their advantage.
Thomas W. Hanchett.
Sorting Out the New South City:
Race, Class and Urban
Development in Charlotte,
1875-1975.
Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press,
1998. xv, 380 pp. Cloth, $59.95. ISBN 0-8078-2376-7.
Paper, $24.95. IBSN 0-8078-4677-5.
Kaye Gibbons.
Successful efforts to strip the vote from African Americans and
blue-collar Whites permitted those in control to start to establish
patchwork quilt types of neighborhoods. These new communi-
ties were developed to house Blacks, blue-collar Whites, and
white-collar Whites separately. Hanchett refers to this process as
a osorting out of the city.�
The author includes separate chapters devoted to the
development of neighborhoods for each group. Each commu-
nity development is identified by location and described in
relation to its unique identity. Latter chapters focus on such
topics as the downtown area, changing business industries,
growing road and shopping expansions, long-range neighbor-
hood planning, and the impact of federal government financial
aid to the city.
The book is peppered throughout with maps, tables, and
photographs of homes and prominent city buildings. A detailed
bibliographic reference section is included, followed by the
index. Many events from the book are retold as printed in the
current mainstream newspapers of the day, including the
Charlotte Observer, Charlotte Democrat, and Charlotte News. Also
featured is the Black-oriented newspaper Star of Zion.
The book appears to be a condensed, edited version of the
authorTs 1993 doctoral thesis, Sorting out the New South City:
Charlotte and its Neighborhoods. He is revisiting Charlotte neigh-
borhoods as a subject, having co-authored Legacy: The Myers Park
Story, a book about the prominent Charlotte community.
Hanchett is an assistant professor of history and coordinator of
the historic preservation program at Youngstown State Univer-
sity in Ohio.
His well-researched new book is recommended for aca-
demic, public, and high school libraries.
" Lawrence D. Turner
Queens College
he spirit of Ellen Foster lives on in Kaye GibbonsTs newest
heroine, Emma Garnet Tate Lowell. Set in nineteenth-century
Virginia and Raleigh, North Carolina, EmmaTs story is a reminis-
cence of her long and eventful life. Born in 1830 on a James
River plantation to the monstrous self-made Samuel Tate and his
well-bred wife, Emma Garnet is remarkable for her moral
strength, love of leaming, and human wisdom"qualities
that set her apart from most other people, then and now.
She is no Scarlett OTHara. She marries a New England
Lowell, a doctor; she not only assists in the local hospital
On the Occasion of My Last Afternoon. during the War, she brings it into her home; and she
appreciates (oloves�) the Negroes as people. Her sensibilities
New York: G. P. PutnamTs Sons, 1998. 273 pp. $22.95. are unmistakably GibbonsTs own, translated to another
ISBN: 0-399-14299-1. time and social class. Given the value of those sensibilities,
160 " Winter 1998
it is a worthwhile translation"like a new jewel placed in
an antique setting.
North Carolina Libraries
It is clear that Gibbons strove to make the details of her setting as accurate as
possible, even using an occasional term now gone from common usage. We see
aspects of family life as it may well have been for a woman of means in the South
before, during, and following the Late Unpleasantness. This is no small achieve-
ment, but it is superseded by the creation of the three main characters: Emma,
her father, and Clarice, the black freedwoman who raised them both. Sam Tate is
purely dreadful in his meanness and arrogance, an imperious combination of
material success and humane ignorance"the worst sort of person to have
authority over (or ownership of) others. Clarice, by way of contrast, combines
dignity, integrity, and strength with a keenness of mind that constitutes genuine
authority. It is the Clarices of the world who hold it together and make it turn.
The core of the novel is its portrayal of the best and worst of human relation-
ships: nurturing and horrendous parenting, fulfilling and abusive marriages,
chosen and imposed bonds between people of different origins"all of these
constituting either happily or miserably shared lives. Slavery is a pervasive yet
subtle metaphor throughout the book, presented in terms that make it clear that
even now, a century later, legality is just one aspect of the larger condition.
Whether by love or hatred, we are all bound to others.
On the Occasion of My Last Afternoon is GibbonsTs sixth novel, all published
since 1987, and all widely acclaimed. Her first and still best known, Ellen Foster,
won several awards, including the Sue Kaufman Award for First Fiction from the
Academy of Arts and Letters. Her third, A Cure for Dreams (1991), won the PEN/
Revson Award for the best work of fiction published by a writer under 35 and the
North Carolina Sir Walter Raleigh Award. In 1996, she was the youngest person
ever to receive the Chevalier de lTOrder des Arts et des Lettres for her contribution
to French literature, and just this November she received North CarolinaTs
GovernorTs Award. Not at all shabby for a kid from Nash County, North Carolina.
For all North Carolina libraries.
" Rose Simon
Salem College
Broadfoot's has TWO Locations Serving Different Needs
Broadfoot's
of Wendell
6624 Robertson Pond Road ~ Wendell, NC 27591
Phone: (800) 444-6963 ~ Fax: (919) 365-6008
]Broadfoot
|Publishing
Company
SOFTWARE
1907 Buena Vista Circle ~ Wilmington, NC 28405
Phone: (800) 537-5243 ~ Fax: (910) 686-4379
MULTICULTURAL Recent Publicati ns:
SELECTIONS
VISUALS The Colonial & State Records of NC (30 vols.)
Spring & Fall Catalogs North Carolina Regiments (5 vols.)
Are you on our mailing list Fi eae Roster of Confederate Troops (16 vols.)
Tar Heel Treasures - 7 esi Supplement to the Official Records (100 vols.)
for Ne ey
natives & newcomers
young & old
Full Color Catalog (free upon request)
North Carolina Libraries WinterR1998 " 161
160 -
William M. Reaves, edited by Beverly Tetterton.
his book might well be regarded as a monument to the few libraries in North
Carolina where the staff had the foresight years ago to collect and preserve
material pertaining to their communityTs minority population. This book,
published by the public library in Wilmington, is an outstanding example of
the results of this acquisitions policy, although many of its hold-
ings in this field came in large quantities that had been collected
by individuals and presented as units. Further, it is a model of the
good use of assorted sources in writing local history. A great deal of
interesting and useful information has been gleaned from advertis-
oStrength Through Struggle fr ing leaflets and broadsides, vanity publications, political notices,
business, religious, and social announcements, newspapers of
The Chr onological and Historical specific rather than general interest, and other out-of-the-ordinary
Record of the African-American
sources. The book is enhanced by countless photographs, pen-and-
ink sketches, paintings, advertisements, and illustrations of objects.
G ommunity in Wilmington ~ The text of the book is divided into eight chapters on such
topics as social life, religion, education, community affairs, politics,
Nor th Car olina, 1865-1950 agriculture, business, industry, and labor. There also are four
Wilmington: New Hanover County Public Library,
1998. xvi, 579 pp., illus., maps. $30.00. No ISBN.
[Order from New Hanover County Public Library,
201 Chestnut St, Wilmington, NC 28401]
249 pp. $28.00. ISBN 1-55750-720-1.
William P. Cumming.
appendixes, and a classified bibliography. Among other useful
contents there are extensive biographical sketches, rosters of
military units, population statistics, a list of African American sites
of interest, and a detailed index.
While it is primarily designed as a work of reference, this
oversized book is in large measure readable. However, it is printed
on coated paper and is unusually heavy and uncomfortable to hold
while reading.
" William S. Powell
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
o the European explorers and colonists of the sixteenth and seventeenth
centuries, the American South was a strange and wondrous place, rumored
to possess great treasures, with gold and silver always just over the next
hill. Tales also were told of wild beasts and indescribable monsters, of
wildernesses that once entered could not be departed, and of native
peoples sometimes welcoming, sometimes ferocious. Even friendly natives, however,
could offer only scant information " and that in oral form " about the regionTs geogra-
phy, since cartography was an art unknown to them. Europeans, accustomed as they
were to trying to define the world through print and paper, quickly began to offer up
maps of the region.
The earliest maps were sketchy, imprecise ones, with some
reasonably accurate information but also numerous errors, exag-
gerations, and imaginings. Explorers had not ventured far inland,
so cartographers incorporated undocumented details about the
The Southeast in Ear ly Maps. regionTs physical characteristics. As European settlements became
3rd ed., revised and enlarged by
more widespread, however, knowledge and mapping of the region
: improved.
ee Louis De Vorsey, Jr. Historians can learn much about the American South by
Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, studying the evolution of its maps: the misconceptions that
1998. 362 pp. $90.00. ISBN 0-8078-2371-6. abounded in the earliest years of European contact, how English
162 " Winter 1998
and Spanish settlers pushed the frontiers westward, how Native
Americans shifted their territories as the newcomers took more and
more land. Maps also illustrate changes in human population centers, in the location of
inlets, and in the routes of rivers and streams.
Because of this centrality of maps to a full knowledge of a regionTs history, few
reference books have been as useful for a study of the American South as William P.
CummingTs The Southeast in Early Maps. First printed by Princeton University Press in
1958, it went out of print within a year. In 1962 the University of North Carolina Press
brought out an updated, corrected edition. It too sold well and quickly. In the years
since, countless scholars, maps enthusiasts, and librarians have bemoaned the unavail-
ability of the book, except for scarce copies offered for several hundred dollars each by
rare book dealers. Now, with publication by the University of North Carolina Press of a
North Carolina Libraries
SOUTHEAST
f�EFARLY MAPS
WILLIAM P. CUMMING
third edition"revised and enlarged by the late Professor CummingTs longtime friend,
Louis De Vorsey, Jr."a new audience can appreciate this classic work.
The heart of the book is a chronologically arranged checklist of 450 manuscript
and printed maps of the Southeast, all produced prior to 1776. The annotation for
each map includes dimensions and scale; facts about the cartographer, if he is
known; the book or other printed source in which the map appeared, if it was
published; and a discussion of unusual details, errors, geographic exaggerations, and
other distinguishing characteristics. Location of the map in any of 23 major United
States and Canadian libraries and archives also is indicated.
De Vorsey has left most of CummingTs research intact, but he has reorganized
some material and made needed corrections. He has retained CummingTs important
essay on oThe Early Maps of Southeastern North America,� while adding his own
oAmerican Indians and the Early Mapping of the Southeast,� a significant contribu-
tion to American cartographic studies. The 67 full-page black-and-white plates of
maps that appeared in the first and second editions are included in the third. But 24
color plates of additional maps have been specially prepared for the latter, strength-
ening the visual appeal of the book. The final product is an improved edition of a
reference work that should be on the shelves of every college and large public library
in the American South and in major research libraries everywhere.
" Robert G. Anthony, Jr.
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
ill McCorkleTs second book of short stories begins in oParadise,� in which a man
named Adam meets a woman named Eve at a wedding reception. Adam has been
to five weddings in two years, being at the age where all of his college friends are
getting married, and, in his opinion, they look osomehow old and washed out,
wimped out ... subdued, professional, lobotomized.� Adam and Eve start a relation-
ship, despite the Adam-and-Eve jokes which erupt on a regular basis, and end up
getting married at the same reception hall where they first met. A year later they
have their first daughter, whom they name Sarah.
Throughout the nine short stories in this book, McCorkle successfully uses irony and
wit to deal with real-life issues and relationships and to entertain the reader. The stories are
diverse in nature and cover male-female relationships, both good and bad; career choices;
and life-changing realizations.
McCorkle deals humorously with cheating husbands in oYour
ee ec Husband is Cheating On Us.� Mr. Big, who has been unfaithful to his
Final Vinyl Days. wife for eight years, is now cheating on both his mistress and his wife.
The mistress, or test wife, as she calls herself, because ohe tries every-
Chapel Hill: Algonquin Books of Chapel Hill, thing out on me first,� confronts the wife and suggests that they
1998. 212 pp. $18.95. ISBN 1-56512-204-6. obump him off.� The theme appears again in oLast Request,� in which
North Carolina Libraries
TinaTs father is killed when a tornado demolishes his mistressTs house.
TinaTs mother goes to the scene to identify the body and is inter-
viewed by the local television station. Footage of the interview is run
over and over again that night. Tina tells us, oJust ten feet away from where sheTd stood
with the microphone in her face was my fatherTs naked, sheet-draped body ... stretched out
on the ground between a toaster oven and a fluffy piece of pink insulation.� oA Blinking,
Spinning, Breathtaking World� is a darker look at infidelity: Charlotte, whose husband has
left her and their six-year-old son for other women, is having a very difficult time coping
with the situation. She takes her son to visit Wonderland, an indoor theme park for
children, where she realizes she is afraid that her life is spinning out of control in much
the same way as an endless carnival ride.
McCorkleTs female characters are often hopeless, tragic figures, although they may not
realize it. Mary Edna of oDysfunction 101� is one of these " married three times, she has
two young daughters and still goes out every night of the week. The author describes
people who have rather quirky personality traits, refuse to conform, or choose unusual
career paths. The main character in the title story, for example, refuses to accept the
extinction of the record album. He works in a record store called Any Old Way You Choose
It, listens to bands from the ~60s, and only plays record albums.
Final Vinyl Days is an insightful, entertaining piece of writing. Recommended for
public and academic libraries.
" Geraldine Purpur
Appalachian State University
WinteR1998 " 163
OTHER PUBLICATIONS OF INTEREST ...
THE LEADER
164 " Winter 1998
The Papers of General Nathanael Greene, Volume X: December 1781 - 6 April 1782 are now
available. The volume is edited by Dennis M. Conrad, and includes a glossary of military
terms, a chronology, and an index. (1998; University of North Carolina Press, P.O. Box
2288, Chapel Hill, NC 27515-2288; xlvi, 663 pp.; $85.00; ISBN 0-8078-2419-4.)
Michael W. Taylor has compiled To Drive the Enemy from Southern Soil: The Letters of Col.
Francis Marion Parker and the History of the 30th Regiment North Carolina Troops. He traces the
history of the regiment from its organization in September 1861 to Appomattox, and
concludes with a brief account of ParkerTs postwar life. The volume includes maps, photo-
graphs, casualty list, bibliography, and index. The author is a lawyer in private practice,
and previously wrote The Cry is War, War, War, a collection of the Civil War correspondence
of two lieutenants of the 34th Regiment North Carolina troops. He lives near Albemarle,
North Carolina. (1998; Morningside House, Inc., 260 Oak St., Dayton, OH 45410; xi, 481
pp.; $29.95; ISBN 0-89029-332-5.)
Reruns include Mayberry 101: Behind the Scenes of a TV Classic, Volume 1, by Neal Brower of
High Point, a serious Goober who has written a column for The Andy Griffith Show Rerun
Watchers Club since 1991. Each chapter of the book focuses on an episode of the show,
arranged chronologically from 1960 to 1967. Indexed. (1998; John FE. Blair, Publisher, 1406
Plaza Drive, Winston-Salem, NC 27103; xvi, 507 pp.; paper, $14.95; ISBN 0-89587-218-8.)
Recently reprinted by Zuckerman Cannon, Publisher, is Teen Angel and Other Stories of
Wayward Love, a collection of short stories by Marianne Gingher, originally published in
1988 by Atheneum. (1998; distributed by John F. Blair, Publisher, 1406 Plaza Drive, Win-
ston-Salem, NC 27103; 207 pp.; paper, $14.00; ISBN 0-9664316-0-X.)
And do not miss oa distinctive book about New South and Old from a writer standing at the
intersection where the dirt road of the rural South meets the Information Superhighway,�
poet Michael ChitwoodTs Hitting Below the Bible Belt: Baptist Voodoo, Blood Kin, GrandmaTs
Teeth and Other Stories from the South. With a foreword by Lee Smith. (1998; Down Home
Press, P.O.Box 4126, Asheboro, NC 27204; 142 pp.; paper, $13.95; ISBN 1-878086-67-7.)
INFORMATION SERVICES
IN INTEGRATED INFORMATION MANAGEMENT
North Carolina Libraries
orld
by Ralph Lee Scott
Webcelerator
ave you recently become increasingly impatient with
the oWorld Wide Wait�? Others have noticed this
slowdown on the Internet and are attempting to mar-
ket products to improve access to the Web. One interesting so-
lution that surfaced recently is a program called oWebcelerator.�
The basic idea behind this program, developed by Acceleration
Software International Corporation, is a host proxy computer
that can surf the Web and update frequently used Web HTML
files, while you do things more useful than watching the hour-
glass on your screen. oWebcelerator� can be downloaded free
at http://www.webcelerator.com. There are 17 different inter-
national language versions of oWebcelerator.�
Installation is very simple: click on the oDownload
Webcelerator� on the homepage. After downloading is com-
plete, a Webcelerator icon will appear on your desktop. Double
click on this icon and follow the installation instructions.
oWebcelerator� will install a special acceleration icon in your
Windows icon tray. System requirements for oWebcelerator�
are: Pentium processor 7Smhz or above; Windows 95/98 or NT;
32mb RAM; 20mb minimum install hard drive space; 14.4kbps
modem or higher. You can turn oWebcelerator� on and off by
clicking on the icon tray.
What does oWebcelerator� do for you? Other than having
the most simple installation procedure I have ever experienced,
the program constantly updates Web sites you have visited. You
do not have to wait a lengthy time for your browser to down-
load an HTML file because it has been proviously stored on the
oWebcelerator� proxy computer. You can scroll through the
proxy sites in faster time because the information has been pre-
cached and compressed by the foiks at Acceleration Software.
If you send e-mail or access other networked files,
oWebcelerator� automatically stops and turns your computer
over to the other task. When the file has been transferred, the
oWebcelerator� resumes its loading of the compressed and pre-
cached file into your system memory. In addition, you can visit
Web sites repeatedly without being online. This is an important
feature if you are a person or library the pays for Web informa-
tion by connect hour.
My experience with this software is that it noticeably
speeds up Internet downloading. It is especially useful for sites
that you want to update frequently on your desktop, such as
stock quotes, weather maps, or traffic cams. It is also useful for
infrequently viewed sites that are not updated often. With this
type of site, you do not have to waste time reloading the file;
~Webcelerator� has already done it for you.
Unfortunately, this neat technology comes at a price. First
of all, you now have a proxy computer that knows every place
North Carolina Libraries
on the Web that you have visited. You have no control over the
proxy computer information or what is done with it. Secondly,
oWebcelerator� pays for its computers and the free software it
gives you by selling obusiness arrangements to get other people
to pay� the cost of this system. And what is this form of oar-
rangement?� oWebcelerator� starts off by directing your browser
when it starts up each day to a sponsor page. This means that
you have to read a small ad about some service. For example,
if you tried to rent a car over the Web, you might be greeted the
next day with an offer from a competing car rental firm. While
this might not bother some people, others are concerned about
this invasion of their privacy. Advertising is becoming increas-
ingly common on ofree� Web sites that host e-mail and Web
page services. It is only natural that this idea would migrate to
acceleration sortware.
An additional problem can sometimes occur when you use
a proxy server such as oWebcelerator� to access IP domain-pro-
tected Internet services such as NC LIVE. oWebcelerator,� if you
are using its cached file, sets your homepage address to a dif-
ferent one from the one NC LIVE is expecting. For example,
your IP may become 127.0.0.1:24491 instead of the one as-
signed by NC LIVE to your institution. Thus you will be un-
able to access these IP-protected services until you go in and
change the IP assigned by your network browser. This can be
more than just a minor annoyance as I found out when trying
out this software with NC LIVE and other Internet sites such as
JSTOR and Project MUSE. Everything worked fine for a while,
with information downloading faster. Then the next week, I was
unable to logon to NC LIVE, because I was using a different IP
address assigned by oWebcelerator.�
Users seem quite happy with this productTs fast speed, so
you might give it a try. The only additional warning I would
give is to remember to turn off your virus protections software
when you are downloading software. After the downloading is
finished, run the virus software on the files. If you do not do
this, you will have interesting times with the Windows install
programs imbedded in this type of software.
One additional note about Web surfing: fans of Netscape
will be glad to know that version 4.5 is now ending beta release
and will no doubt be out for general release by the time you read
this. I have been using it; I find that it, too, is faster and con-
tains several new features I like, such as a tray icon that indi-
cates when your Internet connection has failed. With this ver-
sion of Netscape Navigator, you have a clear indication that you
have been dropped. The new version can be downloaded from:
http://www.netscape.com/download/sul.html.
WinteR1998 " 165
NortTH CAROLINA LIBRARY ASSOCIATION
Minutes of the Executive Board
October 16, 1998, West Lake Middle School
Attending: Beverley Gass, Al Jones, Diane Kester, Karen Gavigan, Frances Bradburn, Liz Jackson, Eleanor Cook,
Gayle Keresey, John Zika, Jackie Beach, Rhoda Channing, Dave Fergusson, Ross Holt, Carolyn Price,
Shirley Gregory, Carol Freeman, Vanessa Ramseur, Liz Hamilton, Elizabeth Laney, Teresa McManus, Ann Miller,
Ginny Gilbert, Nancy Kolenbrander, Gwen Jackson, Augie Beasley, Nancy Clark Fogarty, Martha Davis,
Tracy Babiasz, Frances Lampley, Peggy Quinn, Maureen Costello.
Corrections to minutes
In the July minutes that were transmitted to
the Administrative Assistant for distribution,
none of the URLs reported came out cor-
rectly. The URLs were transmitted properly
to Frances Bradburn for publication in North
Carolina Libraries. The minutes were ap-
proved, as corrected. Corrections were noted.
Minutes for the October Executive Board
meeting will be posted to the web site.
PresidentTs Report
President Gass reported that she attended
the NCASL Conference in Winston-Salem on
September 18th, and the NCLA Develop-
ment Committee Meeting on September
22nd.
Lawyers for Libraries: Training Institute II
is sponsored by the ALA Office of Intellectual
Freedom and the American Bar Association
Section of Individual Rights and Responsi-
bilities and will train attorneys in the appli-
cability of First Amendment to library poli-
cies, procedures and problems, particularly
those relating to the use of the Internet in li-
braries. State chapters were invited to nomi-
nate local attorneys who are willing to join
the cadre of lawyers who make themselves
available to assist librarians in defending the
freedom to read to attend this training. They
will commit to being on-call to libraries and
librarians. We have nominated Marcus
Trathen, an attorney with the firm of Brooks,
Pierce, McLendon, Humphrey & Leonard.
Dave Fergusson has agreed to chair a
committee to plan a non-conference year
event for NCLA, an objective developed at
the Executive Board planning session. Dr.
Ben Speller of NCCU has agreed to chair a
new committee on continuing education.
President Gass nominated Dr. Gene
Lanier, distinguished chair of the Intellectual
Freedom Committee, for the ALA Office of
Intellectual Freedom and Freedom to Read
Foundation 30th Anniversary Honor Roll.
166 " Winter 1998
TreasurerTs Report
Diane Kester shared the Quarterly Report,
dated 30 September 1998.
Conference expenses are already being
made, and Leadership Institute monies are
still being received.
The distribution of the Wachovia CD was
tracked as of January 1, 1998, June 30, 1998
and October 1, 1998.
The computer software being utilized
will allow for tracking of monies. Diane will
periodically update this information on the
website.
Section/Round Table Reports
ChildrenTs Services Section
At an August 31st meeting, CSS finances
were discussed. A missing deposit from the
1997 NCLA conference is being investigated
and should get the CSS budget back on track.
Discussion was held regarding upcoming
conference locations, with concern being
shown for the single Winston-Salem location
for 1999, 2001 and 2003.
Jenny Barrett will serve as the CSS co-
chair of the North Carolina ChildrenTs Book
Award Committee. Sue Mellott was wel-
comed as the new liaison to CSS from the
NCL Paraprofessional Association. Frances
Lampley left that position to become chair of
NCLPA.
Final planning was completed for the
oReading Renaissance Retreat� on October
26 and 27 at the Brown Summit conference
center. All fifty spots have been filled, and
the group is looking forward to book discus-
sions, discussions about book discussions,
and learning about the ages, stages, and read-
ing needs of preschoolers and teenagers.
College and University Section
The fail conference, oFulfilling the Promise
of the Millennium,� is scheduled for Friday
November 6 at the Charles W. Chesnutt Li-
brary at Fayetteville State University. Dr. Ben
Speller will be the keynote speaker, present-
ing oEquity and Access in Education.�
The next Executive Board meeting of
CUS will be held Friday, January 8th, 1999 at
Catawba College. The Community College
Section Board has been invited to attend.
Community and Junior College Section
LAMS has created an interest group that will
be asked to survey the library managers/di-
rectors to find out what workshops manag-
ers feel the paraprofessionals need. CJCLS
will use the results to determine workshops
to offer.
The CJCLS Executive Board has been in-
vited to attend the January 8 meeting of the
College and University Section to begin
some discussions on the pros and cons of
making CJCLS a subset of the College and
University Section.
Documents Section
Nancy Kolenbrander was introduced as the
new section chair and will attend the next
Executive Board meeting. The new slate of
officers includes Mary Horton of Wake For-
est University, running for Vice-Chair/Chair-
Elect, and Catherine Shreve, running for Sec-
retary/Treasurer.
The Documents Section has been plan-
ning the fall workshop, oWeb vs. CDROM:
Access to Electronic Information,� scheduled
for Friday, October 23, 1998 at the
McKimmon Center at NC State University in
Raleigh.
Members of the Documents Section have
been working hard lobbying for passage of
Senate Bill 2288 oThe Wendell H. Ford Gov-
ernment Publication Reform Act of 1998.�
The act would revise Title 44 of the US Code
to provide improved public access to US gov-
ernment information and strengthen the
Federal Depository Library Program.
Library and Management Section
Rhoda Channing reported that 76 people
attended the September 24, 1998, workshop
North Carolina Libraries
on assessment jointly sponsored by RTSS and
LAMS. LAMS published and mailed its news-
letter to advertise the program. Informal feed-
back regarding the event has been positive.
A steering committee on mentoring has
met once and has a second meeting scheduled
to continue planning for the joint mentoring
program of LAMS and NMRT.
LAMS contributed $250.00 to the Leader-
ship Institute to help underwrite its costs.
A Special Interest Group for Personnel Li-
brarians/Librarians involved with staff devel-
opment is being formed by Debbie Lambert
and Louvenia Summerville.
The LAMS Board met at Elon College on
October 10. The Assessment program and
progress of the mentoring program were re-
viewed. The Board discussed possible pro-
grams to be held at the 1999 NCLA Confer-
ence and is tentatively considering a pre-con-
ference on assessment tools and a program on
mentoring. A statewide conference on coop-
eration is being considered focusing on edu-
cational opportunities for paraprofessionals
and professionals via LAMS.
NC Association of School Librarians
Section
Karen Gavigan reported that the NCASL con-
ference was very successful, with over 800 reg-
istered. 88 vendors were present and 440
signed up for the Friday luncheon.
Membership stands at 627.
Dr. Shontz has moved leaving the Re-
search Committee without a chair.
Jackie Pierson and Augie Beasley were cho-
sen to attend the Interlibrary Cooperation
Committee in Greensboro on October 7-8,
1998.
Claudette Weise will report back in Febru-
ary on some tentative reimbursement guide-
lines for travel and conferences.
NC Library Paraprofessional Round
Table
A meeting is scheduled for November 9. Dis-
cussion will take place regarding the following
concerns: replacing the director for Region 2;
confirming a liaison between NCLPA and CSS.
The Conference Planning Committee will also
meet at this time.
NC Public Library Trustee Association
No report.
New Members Round Table
The board of the NMRT has not met since the
last NCLA Executive Board meeting.
A steering committee composed of mem-
bers of the NMRT board and the LAMS board
has met to develop a mentoring program
within NCLA. They have plans to meet again
in the next couple of weeks, and at that time,
will hopefully have a draft of a brochure de-
scribing the program and including an appli-
cation form.
The chair of NMRTTs Students to NCLA
Committee has moved. Brochures have been
North Carolina Libraries
sent to each of the library schools. Executive
Board members and other colleagues can ex-
pect to be contacted by the new, as yet, un-
named, chair of this committee regarding
occasional speaking engagements at the li-
brary schools.
Tracy Babiasz is working on the mentoring
program. Brochures regarding this program
have gone out to library schools.
The NMRT board will meet in January to
plan another workshop and a conference pro-
gram.
Public Library Section
At the September 15th meeting, the section
agreed to contribute $500.00 towards the
NCLA Leadership Institute.
Will Manly has agreed to speak at the bi-
ennial conference. Options are being explored
for co-sponsorship with other sections, round
tables and committees. Other conference top-
ics/speakers being considered: Fred Chappel,
a YA program, and a session on library services
to the English as a Second Language commu-
nity.
The AV Committee is sponsoring a Video
Workshop in High Point on November 6th.
John Zika will be representing this section
on North Carolina libraries.
Reference & Adult Services Section
The RASS Executive Committee met on Au-
gust 7th and October 2nd to finalize plans for
the November 20th workshop entitled oNC
LIVE: Taking It to the Limit� being held at the
Friday Center in Chapel Hill. Tim Bucknell of
UNC-G will represent the NC LIVE LibrariansT
Working Group to discuss where we are and
where we are headed. Crit Stuart, from Geor-
gia Tech, will talk about GALILEO, Georgia's
virtual library, and its effect on public service.
Other sessions offered will include: oFull Text
and Collection Development Issues�; oDe-
signing Web Pages to incorporate NC LIVE Re-
sources�; oConnectivity Issues with NC LIVE�;
and oDatabase Selection " Helping Users to
Get to the Right Database for Their Needs�.
Resources & Technical Services
RTSS co-sponsored with Library Administra-
tion and Management Section a September
24th workshop entitled, oMoving Ahead
While Honoring the Past: Assessing Our Op-
erations.� Speakers included: Ellen Altman,
oCan You Tell Success If You DonTt Assess?�;
Robert Burgin, oTool Time: An Assessment
Toolkit�; and Lea Wells, oChin Up: Assess-
ments Never End!�
Teresa McManus will be assuming the
Vice-chair/Chair elect position vacated by Lisa
Smith.
Round Table for Ethnic Minority
Concerns
No report.
Round Table on Special Collections
No report.
Round Table on the Status of Women
in Librarianship
The Round TableTs Executive Board met Au-
gust 28th in Greensboro, voting to contribute
$100.00 to the Leadership Institute. Plans
were developed for the Round TableTs program
at the 1999 NCLA Conference. Laura McLamb
Hamilton, motivational speaker, has agreed to
address the topic: oImagine the Future"
Women in Charge.�
Technology & Trends Round Table
The Technology & Trends RoundTable has
been busy planning for its December 3rd
workshop to be held at Guilford Technical
Community College. Suzanne White will be
conducting the morning session, which will
address basic skills needed by new computer
support staff, especially those in smaller librar-
ies. The afternoon presentation will be a
trends presentation by John Ulmschneider
and David Stratton.
TNT approved a donation of $250.00 to
the NCLA Leadership Institute.
Committee Reports
Administrative Office and Personnel
Advisory Committee
The first meeting of this committee was to be
held directly following the October Executive
Board meeting.
Archives Committee
Archival materials are currently being re-
ceived. A reminder was given to all Executive
Board members to send records to the Ar-
chives from the person previous to predeces-
sors if those records have not already been
sent.
Conference Committee
The 1999 NCLA Biennial Conference will be
held September 21-24 at the Benton Conven-
tion Center in Winston-Salem. The 2001 and
2003 conferences will also be held in Win-
ston-Salem.
The full Conference Committee met on
September 11, 1998 to tour both the Benton
Convention and Civic Center and the AdamTs
Mark Hotel. A tentative budget was prepared
for the 1999 conference. The Executive Board
voted to approve the budget.
The theme for the 1999 conference will be
oImagine the Future.� This theme will give
librarians in every type of library an opportu-
nity to think about how to shape the future of
librarianship in the new millennium. Program
planners are urged to incorporate a futurist
perspective in the planning of meetings for
the 1999 conference.
Registration and exhibit booth fees will be
determined at the October 23, 1998 meeting.
Bao-Chu Chang, subcommittee chair for
registration, is going to set up and maintain
a web page at North Carolina State University
for the 1999 conference. The page will be
linked to the NCLA homepage.
Any information on program planners or
Winter 1998 " 167
questions about the program planning pro-
cess can be sent directly to Phil Barton, sub-
committee chair for program planning, at
bartonp@co.rowan.nc.us. He needs to know the
name, address, telephone number(s), and
email address of the person from each section
and round table responsible for program(s) at
the 1999 Biennial Conference. A meeting of
all program planners for all sections and
round tables has been tentatively scheduled
for January 22, 1999 in Winston-Salem.
For planning purposes, if there are signers
for the deaf among the Board members or
NCLA members at large who would like to vol-
unteer to sign at the 1999 conference, please
contact Al Jones at pajones@catawba.edu.
Constitution, Codes and Handbook
Committee
Gail Keresey reported that NCLA members
Rick Anderson (UNCG), Sally Ensor (State Li-
brary) and Louvenia Summerford (UNCC)
have joined this committee.
The NCLA Handbook on disk has been
received from the Administrative Assistant,
which is expected to help with revisions. Ex-
ecutive Board members were requested to in-
form Gail of areas in the handbook which are
in need of revision.
A meeting will be held on Friday October
16 with Sally Ensor to discuss past actions of
the committee and determine direction for
the handbook revision process.
Continuing Education Committee
Beverley Gass introduced this new committee
as an outgrowth of the Executive Board plan-
ning retreat in January 1998. Ben Speller will
chair the committee. A major role of the com-
mittee will be to facilitate communication
and eliminate overlapping of programs among
sections, round tables, and committees.
It was brought up that one of the ideas
discussed at the planning retreat was to create
a continuing education award that might go
to a group of libraries, round table, or section
for outstanding continuing education. It was
suggested that this award process might be a
natural responsibility of this committee.
A question arose about the recommenda-
tion that each section and round table have a
representative on this committee leading to a
suggestion that Executive Board members ex-
amine the document submitted by the com-
mittee chair before the January 1999 Execu-
tive Board meeting.
Development Committee
The NCLA Development Committee met on
September 22. The purpose of this meeting
was to learn about the money management
services provided by the North Carolina Com-
munity Foundation (NCCF) and the Founda-
tion for the Carolinas to non-profit organiza-
tions that wish to establish endowments.
A motion was presented and passed that
the Executive Board grant the Development
Committee and President Gass the authority
168 " Winter 1998
to negotiate an agreement with the North
Carolina Community Foundation for the in-
vestment of endowment funds, and to create
an endowment when the minimum necessary
amount of money ($5,000) is raised. NCCF
has established local chapters that distribute
grants in their communities and manage en-
dowment funds that support statewide orga-
nizations. These include both funds created
by the organizations, and funds created by
outside benefactors for the support of the or-
ganizations. NCCF can accept donations of
any kind " cash, real estate, bequests, stocks,
and even credit card transactions.
An organization that sets up an endow-
ment with the NCCF receives a variety of ser-
vices from the foundation. The organization
is included in all NCF publicity and
fundraising efforts as a potential target for
donors. The NCCF staff will broker compli-
cated transactions such as real estate, stocks
and bequests. The NCCF also provides a ve-
hicle for outside donors to set up endowments
for organizations such as NCLA, above and
beyond any endowment the organization
might set up itself.
The committee also recognized the poten-
tial for future creation of additional endow-
ment, such as scholarship funds, with NCCE.
Finance Committee
Diane Kester presented an interim 1999 bud-
get for approval. The figures will be adjusted
and submitted as a final budget proposal once
the books are closed on 1998 and better infor-
mation regarding actual revenue and expen-
ditures for the most recent fiscal year is avail-
able. The interim budget is based on the
AssociationTs history of revenues and expen-
ditures since 1994. A more realistic approach
with regard to anticipated operating expenses
indicates that they will exceed the anticipated
revenues. As a result, a transfer of monies
from reserves and/or 1997 Conference profits
is indicated. The Finance Committee has cau-
tioned NCLA from using this practice as the
Association moves into the new millennium.
A figure from the 1997 Conference profits
was included to be used for Project Grants, an
expenditure which last appeared in the 1996
budget. The purpose is to utilize a portion of
the 1997 Conference profits to implement the
vision of the Association and to support its
goals and objectives.
As the actual line item structure of past
years is undergoing revisions, the Committee
elected to present revenue and expenditures
in broad categories, rather than in the more
itemized detail of the past.
Explanations of revenue and expenditure
items were presented to clarify how figures
were determined.
In the past, postage reimbursement has
been a line item in the budget. This has been
dropped from the budget. Sections pay for
mass mailings. The Administrative Assistant
pays for other mailings.
The line item for the Treasurer includes a
financial audit and travel.
The Committee will start investing some
of the reserves and conference profits back to
the sections and round tables.
Governmental Relations Committee
This committee has not met yet, but letters
will be sent to committee members asking
who would like to attend the May meeting
with legislators. It there are representatives
from sections, round tables, or committees, or
members at large from various congressional
districts that would like to go, they should
contact Augie Beasley.
Intellectual Freedom Committee
Although there was no committee report,
oAnn SymonsT Presidential Intellectual Free-
dom Statement: Libraries: An American
Value� was included in the packet mailed to
Executive Board members before the October
meeting for examination. A motion was made
and passed unanimously that the North Caro-
lina Library Association endorses this state-
ment.
Leadership Institute
Everything is on track for the 1998 Leadership
Institute, scheduled for October 28 " Novem-
ber 1. Barbara Baker had to withdraw as a
mentor.
$6100.00 was raised from sections, round
tables, and corporate sponsors, allowing
scholarships to be awarded for the Institute.
A report will be compiled for North Caro-
lina Libraries, as well as an electronic newslet-
ter documenting the Institute. The Leadership
Institute committee will meet in November to
evaluate the Institute and make recommenda-
tions to the next committee.
Literacy Committee
At its last meeting, the Literacy Committee
identified three goals to pursue during the
current biennium. Goal 1: To prepare the po-
sition statement approved by the Executive
Board during the last biennium for distribu-
tion. Goal 2: To establish a formal relationship
with the North Carolina Literacy Center for
purposes of awareness and avoidance of dupli-
cative services. Consideration will also be
given to disseminating information of inter-
est to the profession from the Center. Goal 3:
To plan and sponsor a program at the 1999
NCLA Biennial Conference.
Membership Committee
Peggy Quinn reported that all sections and
round tables have gained members. Totals are
still lower than last year, but gaining. The New
Members Round Table was commended for
their work in this effort.
The Membership Committee was asked to
look back at the past membership totals for a
decade. During Executive Board examination
of the chart, it was felt that the number of
personal memberships was incorrect. It was
decided to check the integrity of the database
North Carolina Libraries
and revisit this information at the January
1999 Executive Board meeting.
The Membership Committee was
charged by the Executive Board during its
January 1998 Planning Retreat with creating,
in writing, a document that could be fol-
lowed by the organization to help increase
membership. A draft was presented. The 1st
section offers current benefits of member-
ship. The 2nd section breaks down the
3RTs " Recruitment, Retention, and Recogni-
tion " into specific proposed actions. Board
members were asked to peruse the document
and offer feedback.
Creating student chapters at library
schools continues to be a topic of discussion.
Some feel that a new section is not necessary
since library students join the section of their
professional interest.
An additional strategy suggestion made
in the area of Recruitment was to identify
one person at each library system to serve as
a North Carolina Library Association infor-
mation source.
It was also suggested that Association
help with Intellectual Freedom challenges
should be noted as a benefit of membership.
Discussion was held about joining costs
and renewals costs, and having membership
be renewed on the calendar anniversary of
the joining date or by conference period, the
current practice. Karen Gavigan noted that
some frustration over this policy was seen at
the September NCASL Conference. Those
who joined in September have their mem-
bership expire within 2 months because of
the current dues structure. It was also noted
that this discussion has been held numerous
times over the years, and that possibly the
new technology and databases may provide
a deciding factor in the ability of the Associa-
tion to maintain a calendar-based system. A
change in this policy would entail a by-laws
change. It was noted that a listserv discus-
sion from the membership at large regarding
this topic could be beneficial.
It was moved that the Executive Board
accept the report of the Membership Com-
mittee, post it to the listserv and place this
issue on the agenda for the January 1999
meeting. Motion carried.
A motion was made and passed that the
Constitution, Codes, and Handbook Com-
mittee review and make a recommendation
regarding a change of membership dues
structure. Gail Keresey will bring this infor-
mation to the January 1999 Executive Board
meeting.
The Administrative Office and Personnel
Advisory Committee will determine if the
computer software currently being used can
support a change in the dues structure. The
point was made that the Executive Board
needs to determine whether a change in the
dues structure itself would benefit the Asso-
ciation; then, the software issue can be ad-
dressed.
A final suggestion was made that each
North Carolina Libraries
section and roundtable consider placing a
representative on the Membership Com-
mittee.
Nominating Committee
Gwen Jackson reported that the Nominating
Committee, composed of past chairs, has
been meeting for one month. The slate of
officers is incomplete, but will be submitted
to Beverley Gass in the very near future.
Janet Freeman brought the NC LIVE ex-
hibit that was funded by the Association.
Specifics for borrowing the exhibit will be on
the listserv.
Non-Conference Year Event Planning
Committee
Dave Fergusson reported that this committee
does not want to interfere with workshops
that are already being planned by other sec-
tions and round tables, but it plans to fulfill
the objective outlined at the NCLA Executive
Board Retreat in January 1998 for a non-con-
ference year celebration event.
Publications and Marketing Committee
The Marketing Group has contacted Tracy
Casorso, the new staff person for communi-
cations and evaluation at the State Library.
Tracy will be developing radio public service
announcements, to be jointly sponsored by
NCLA and the State Library. Possible content
ideas for the spots include: oAsk your local
librarian�; oWeTre not just books anymore�;
oFreedom of information�; oHistory of librar-
ies/librarians�; and oReasons to become a li-
brarian.� The Marketing Group is also ex-
ploring the possibility of sponsoring a con-
ference program on oMarketing Your Next
Program/Workshop.�
The Web site Group met July 31. It was
decided that the website would remain on
the Rockingham Public Library server for the
time being. Access to the server has been
given to three members of this group for
updating and making additions to the
website. Goals for this group include: set up
standardized links to the NCLA home page
from currently existing NCLA-related web
pages; set up relevant links from the NCLA
home page; make decisions about archiving
the electronic newsletter, including how to
display it; explore modernization of the cur-
rent membership database, especially with a
view to include membersT e-mail addresses as
a field; eventually, offer help to other sec-
tions, committees, and round tables of NCLA
in setting up web pages.
A workshop was held August 14 to
launch the new electronic newsletter, NCLA
E-News. The editor of the newsletter is Pam
Burton; assistant editors are Margaret Foote
and Marilyn Schuster. A sample newsletter
can be viewed at: http://www.lib.ecu.edu/
NCLAnews/e-newssam.htm.
The entire committee met on September
11. The suggestion that a print newsletter is
needed was discussed. There is a possibility
of coordination with the State Library in a
newsletter " perhaps along the lines of the
much-missed oTar Heel Libraries.�
A letter to the membership of NCLA ask-
ing for membersT e-mail addresses and an-
nouncing the new newsletter will be mailed
soon.
Scholarship Committee
The following scholarships and loans were
awarded: NCLA Memorial Scholarship to
Carrie McLean, NC Central University;
Query-Long Scholarship for Work with Chil-
dren or Young Adults to Lynda H. Stewart,
Appalachian State University; and
McClendon Student Loan to Charles P.
FOREIGN BOOKS and PERIODICALS
CURRENT OR OUT-OF-PRINT
Specialties:
Search Service
Irregular Serials
International Congresses
Building Special Collections
ALBERT J. PHIEBIG INC.
Box 352, White Plains, N.Y. 10602 * FAX (914) 948-0784
Winter1998 " 169
Wiggins, UNC-Greensboro.
A recommendation was made that appli-
cations roll over from year to year to expand
the pool of applicants. A question was raised
regarding the number of loans to be awarded
each year. Beverley Gass checked the NCLA
handbook, which does not specify a number.
Thus, it is determined to be at the discretion
of the Scholarship Committee.
Folders have been created by the Trea-
surer and Administrative Assistant on each
outstanding loan, and are monitored to en-
sure repayment.
Special Projects
Project Grants Committee
A chair is still needed for this committee, but
a first review of its budget was unveiled.
Approval of this budget will be requested at
the January meeting. Beverley Gass will ex-
plain the budget proposal at section and
round table meetings before the next Execu-
tive Board meeting.
A focus of the special project money is to
use it to further the new NCLA objectives. A
question arose regarding use of project grants
for the Conference. It was felt that instead of
using funding to subsidize sectionsT work-
shops, we should work towards collaboration
with other sections, round tables, or commit-
tees instead.
Other Reports
North Carolina Libraries
The Fall issue, Advise and Consult addressing
reference services, has been sent to the
printer with a projected mailing date of No-
vember 15.
North Carolina Libraries has signed an
agreement with H.W. Wilson that allows the
journal to be accessed through their full-text
online products. Royalties will be paid to the
journal based on the number of hits. The
journal retains copyright, but gives H.W.
Wilson permission to re-enter all text and
mount it on as many sites as they choose.
North Carolina Libraries reserves the right to
exit from the agreement at any time. Since it
is full text, it can be accessed through
ReaderTs Guide.
The editorial board will hold its annual
retreat on November 13 and 14.
ALA Councilor
ALA Council met three times during the
1998 Annual Conference. During those
meetings, the Council took the following
actions. Council adopted a resolution to sup-
port the oUniversal Provisions of the Tele-
communications Act�, including telecom-
munications discounts (e-rates) for libraries
and schools. Council adopted a oResolution
in Support of the Vitality of Fair Use in the
Digital Age,� which urges Congress to pass
legislation that maintains a balance of copy-
right ownersT rights in cyberspace with con-
tinued fair use by consumers in the digital
170 " Winter 1998
environment.
Council defeated a oResolution on the
Reduction of the Quorum for ALA Member-
ship Meetings� to no more than one-half of
one percent of the total membership.
Wording was amended on various ALA
policies regarding disabilities and discrimina-
tions.
A motion was defeated to adopt the In-
ternal Review Policy.
SELA Councilor
SELA held its biennial conference in partner-
ship with the Arkansas Library AssociationTs
annual conference on September 30 " Octo-
ber 3 in Little Rock, Arkansas. Ann Symons
and Gerald Hodges from ALA attended. SELA
currently has 630 members, 67 from North
Carolina.
Nancy Fogarty reported that this report
completes her four-year term of office. Dur-
ing this time SELA has reorganized its ad-
ministration and changed the format of its
journal.
Discussion regarding benefits of contin-
ued membership ensued.
A motion was made and passed that
nominees for the new SELA Councilor be
informed that continued membership in
SELA will be discussed at the January 1999
Executive Board meeting. A Point-Counter-
point discussion to be held on NCLA E-News
was suggested. Dave Fergusson will represent
the cons. The Constitution, Codes and
Handbook Committee was instructed to put
together a proposed by-law amendment
which could be sent to the membership if
necessary.
North Carolina State Library Com-
mission
The Interlibrary Cooperation Committee
had a two-day gathering of nearly 10 librar-
ians from college and university libraries,
public schools, independent schools, com-
munity colleges, public libraries, and special
libraries to discuss interlibrary cooperation.
What is it and what should it be for the fu-
ture? It is hoped that this will lead to coop-
erative ventures.
A suggestion was made to formally invite
a representative from the State Library to
make a personal report at each Executive
Board meeting.
A question arose regarding North Caro-
lina schools receiving funding for NC LIVE.
Issues still to be tackled are infrastructure and
funding, but discussions are being held on
this topic. 2
Old Business
Discussion was held regarding authorization
of a raise for Maureen Costello, the
AssociationTs Administrative Assistant since
August 1997. Her contract stated that she
would be eligible for a pay raise after the first
six months. An increase is based on the cost
of living and performance. A motion was
made and passed to raise MaureenTs salary by
4%, retroactive to her six-month anniversary
date and to refer the question of a bonus to
the Administrative Office and Personnel Ad-
visory Committee.
New Business
1998-99 objectives for NCLA were examined,
determining the ownership of each objective.
Changes to the draft were made as follows:
1.1 " Bi-weekly was changed to read bi-
monthly.
1.3.2 " This objective will be the responsi-
bility of the Membership Committee.
1.3.3 " Creating a section for library school
students was stricken.
2.1 " Advise librarians on the development
and revision of policies on materials selec-
tion, collection development, and Inter-
net use.
2.2 " Advise librarians on existing collec-
tion/selection policies to include new
technologies.
2.3 " Conduct presentations on Intellec-
tual Freedom at conferences across the
state.
2.4 " Maintain contact with other profes-
sional associations with similar interests.
2.5 " Forward communications from Intel-
lectual Freedom Listserv to members of
NCLA via NCLA-L.
Objective 3 was stricken in its entirety.
4.1 The wording was changed to read:
Strengthen organizational focus on con-
tinuing education
Ben Speller, chair of the Continuing Educa-
tion Committee, was charged with reviewing
the entire 4th objective and presenting rec-
ommendations at the January meeting of the
Executive Board.
5.1 " New Members Round Table was as-
signed responsibility.
5.2 " The Administrative Assistant was as-
signed responsibility.
5.4 " ***The Publications and Marketing
Committee was assigned responsibility.
Frances Bradburn was recognized as hav-
ing received the Mary Douglas Peacock
Award.
The meeting was adjourned at 1:30.
Respectfully submitted,
Liz Jackson
Secretary
Thank You to NCLA
Contributing Members:
David S. Ferriero, Duke University
Dr. Benjamin F. Speller,. Jr.,
North Carolina Central University
SOLINET
Tom Broadfoot, BroadfootTs Publishing
Company :
North Carolina Libraries
NortH CAROLINA Liprary ASSOCIATION 1997-1999 EXECUTIVE BOARD
PRESIDENT
Beverley Gass
M.W. Bell Library
Guilford Technical College
P.O. Box 309
Jamestown NC 27282-0309
Telephone: 336/334-4822
x2434
Fax: 336/841-4350
GASSB@GTCC.CC.NC.US
VICE PRESIDENT/
PRESIDENT ELECT
Plummer Alston ~AlT Jones, Jr.
Catawba College
2300 W. Innes Street
Salisbury, NC 28144
Telephone: 704/637-4449
Fax: 704/637-4204
PAJONES@CATAWBA.EDU
SECRETARY
Elizabeth J. Jackson
West Lake Elementary School
207 Glen Bonnie Lane
Apex, NC 27511
Telephone: 919/380-8232
Fax: 919/662-2313
LIZ@WLE.APEX.K12.NC.US
TREASURER
Diane D. Kester
East Carolina University
105 Longview Drive
Goldsboro, NC 27534-8871
Telephone: 919/328-6621
Fax: 919/328-4638
KESTERD@EMAIL.ECU.EDU
DIRECTORS
Vanessa Work Ramseur
Hickory Grove
7209 E. W.T. Harris Blvd.
Charlotte, NC 28227
Telephone: 704/563-9418
Fax: 704/568-2686
VWR@PLCMC.LIB.NC.US
Ross Holt
Raldolph Public Library
201 Worth Street
Asheboro, NC 27203
Telephone: 336/318-6806
Fax: 336/3186823
RHOLT@NCSL.DCR.STATE.NC.US
ALA COUNCILOR
Jacqueline B. Beach
Craven-Pamlico-Carteret
Regional Library
400 Johnson
New Bern, NC 28560
Telephone: 919/823-1141
Fax: 919/638-7817
JBEACH@NCSL.DCR.STATE.NC.US
North Carolina Libraries
SELA REPRESENTATIVE
(election pending)
EDITOR, North Carolina Libraries
Frances Bryant Bradburn
Evaluation Services
NC Dept. of Public Instruction
301 N. Wilmington Street
Raleigh, NC 27601-2825
Telephone: 919/715-1528
Fax: 919/715-4762
FBRADBUR@DPI.STATE.NC.US
PAST-PRESIDENT
David Fergusson
Forsyth County Public Library
660 W. Fifth Street
Winston-Salem NC 27101
Telephone: 336/727-2556
Fax: 336/727-2549
D_FERGUSSON@FORSYTH.LIB.NC.US
ADMINISTRATIVE ASSISTANT
Maureen Costello
North Carolina Library Association
c/o State Library of North Carolina
Rm. 27 109 E. Jones St.
Raleigh, NC 27601-1023
Telephone: 919/839-6252
Fax: 919/839-6252
MCOSTELLO@NCSLDCRSTATENCUS
SECTION CHAIRS
CHILDRENTS SERVICES SECTION
Susan Adams
Southeast Regional Library
908 7th Avenue
ore
Telephone: 919/662-6635
Fax: 919/662-2270
SADAMS@CO.WAKE.NC.US
COLLEGE anp UNIVERSITY SECTION
Shirley Gregory
Hackney Library, Barton College
Box 5000
Wilson, NC 28893-7000
Telephone: 252/366-6501
Fax: 252/399-6571
SGREGORY@BARTON.EDU
COMMUNITY anp JUNIOR
COLLEGE LIBRARIES SECTION
Martha E. Davis
M. W. Bell Library
Guilford Tech. Comm. College
P. O. Box 309
Jamestown, NC 27282-0309
Telephone: 336/334-4822
Fax: 336/841-4350
DAVISM@GTCC.CC.NC.US
DOCUMENTS SECTION
Ann Miller
Perkins Library
Duke University
Durham, NC 27708-0177
Telephone: 919/660-5855
Fax: 919/660-2855
AEM@MAIL.LIB.DUKE.EDU
LIBRARY ADMINISTRATION anp
MANAGEMENT SECTION
Rhoda Channing
Z. Smith Reynolds Library
Box 7777
Wake Forest University
Winston-Salem, NC 27109-7777
Telephone: 336/759-5090
Fax: 336/759-9831
CHANNING@WFU.EDU
NORTH CAROLINA ASSOCIATION
OF SCHOOL LIBRARIANS
Malinda Ratchford
Gaston County Schools
366 W. Garrison Blvd.
Gastonia, NC 28052
Telephone: 704/866-6251
Fax: 704/866-6194
MELEIS@AOL.COM
NORTH CAROLINA PUBLIC
LIBRARY TRUSTEES ASSOCIATION
Peter Keber
Public Library of Charlotte/
Mecklenburg County
310 North Tryon Street
Charlotte, NC 28202
Telephone: 704/386-5086
Fax: 704/386-6444
PK@PLCMC.LIB.NC.US
PUBLIC LIBRARY SECTION
Steve Sumerford
Glenwood Branch Library
1901 W. Florida Street
Greensboro, NC 27403
Telephone: 336/297-5002
Fax: 336/297-5005
GLENWOOD@NR.INFI.NET
REFERENCE anp ADULT SERVICES
Carolyn Price
Forsyth County Public Library
660 W. Fifth Street
Winston-Salem, NC 27101
Telephone: 336/727-8456
Fax: 336/727-2549
C_PRICE@FORSYTH.LIB.NC.US
RESOURCES anp TECHNICAL
SERVICES SECTION
Ginny Gilbert
Perkins Library
Duke University
230C Box 90191
Durham, NC 27708
Telephone: 919/660-5815
Fax: 919/684-2855
VAG@MAIL.LIB.DUKE.EDU
ROUND TABLE CHAIRS
NEW MEMBERS ROUND TABLE
Tracy Babiasz
Durham County Library
300 N. Roxboro Street
PO Box 3809
Durham, NC 27702-3809
Telephone: 919/560-0191
Fax: 919/560-0137
TBABIASZ@NCSL.DCR.STATE.NC.US
NORTH CAROLINA LIBRARY
PARAPROFESSIONAL ASSOCIATION
Frances Lampley
Southeast Regional Library
908 7th Street
Garner, NC 27259
Telephone: 919/662-2262
Fax: 919/662-2270
FLAMPLEY@CO.WAKE.NC.US
ROUND TABLE FOR ETHNIC
MINORITY CONCERNS
Barbara Best-Nichols
Reichold Chemicals, Inc.
6124 Yellowstone Drive
Durham, NC 27713-9708
Telephone: 919/990-8054
Fax: 919/990-7859
BARBARA.BEST-NICHOLS
@REICHHOLD.COM
ROUND TABLE ON SPECIAL
COLLECTIONS
Maury York
Joyner Library
East Carolina University
Greenville, NC 27858
Telephone: 252/328-6601
YORKM@MAIL.ECU.EDU
ROUND TABLE ON THE STATUS
OF WOMEN IN LIBRARIANSHIP
Marilyn Miller
4103 Friendly Avenue
Greensboro, NC 27410
Telephone: 336/299-8659
Fax: 336/334-5060
M_MILLER@HAMLET.UNCG.EDU
TECHNOLOGY AND TRENDS
ROUND TABLE
Eleanor I. Cook
Belk Library
Appalachian State University
Boone, NC 28606
Telephone: 828/262-2786
Fax: 828/262-2773
COOKEI@APPSTATE.EDU
NCLA
North Carolina Library Association
Winter 1998 " 171
EDITORIAL STAFF
Editor
FRANCES BRYANT BRADBURN
Evaluation Services
NC Dept. of Public Instruction
301 N. Wilmington Street
Raleigh, NC 27601-2825
(919) 715-1528
(919) 715-4823 (FAX)
fbradbur@dpi.state.nc.us
Associate Editor
ROSE SIMON
Dale H. Gramley Library
Salem College
Winston-Salem, NC 27108
(336) 917-5421
simon@salem.edu
Associate Editor
JOHN WELCH
Division of State Library
109 East Jones Street
Raleigh, NC 27601-2807
(919) 733-2570
jwelch@hal.dcr.state.nc.us
Book Review Editor
DOROTHY DAVIS HODDER
New Hanover Co. Public Library
201 Chestnut Street
Wilmington, NC 28401
(910) 341-4389
dhodder@co.new-hanover.nc.us
Lagniappe Editor
PLUMMER ALSTON JONES, JR.
Corriher-Linn-Black Library
Catawba College
2300 W. Innes Street
Salisbury, NC 28144
(704) 637-4449
pajones@catawba.edu
Indexer
MICHAEL COTTER
Joyner Library
East Carolina University
Greenville, NC 27858-4353
(252) 328-0237
cottermi@mail.ecu.edu
Advertising Manager
HARRY TUCHMAYER
New Hanover Co. Public Library
201 Chestnut Street
Wilmington, NC 28401
(910) 341-4036
htuchmayer@co.new-hanover.nc.us
Between Us Editor
KEVIN CHERRY
Rowan Public Library
P.O. Box 4039
Salisbury, NC 28145-4039
(704) 638-3021
kcherry@ncsl.dcr.state.nc.us
172 " Winter 1998
ChildrenTs Services
MELVIN K. BURTON
Public Library of Charlotte & Mecklenburg
North County Regional Library
16500 Holly Crest Lane
Huntersville, NC 28078
(704) 895-8178
mburton@plcmc.lib.nc.us
College and University
ARTEMIS KARES
Joyner Library
East Carolina University
Greenville, NC 27858-4353
(252) 328-2263
karesa@mail.ecu.edu
Community and Junior College
LISA C. DRIVER
Pitt Community College
PO Drawer 7007
Greenville, NC 27835-7007
(252) 321-4357
Idriver@pcc.pitt.cc.nc.us
Documents
MICHAEL VAN FOSSEN
Reference Documents
Davis Library CB #3912
University of North Carolina
Chapel Hill, NC 27599
(919) 962-1151
mike_vanfossen@unc.edu
Library Administration and
Management Section
JOLINE EZZELL
Perkins Library
Duke University
Durham, NC 27708-0175
(919) 660-5925
jre@mail.lib.duke.edu
New Members Round Table
RHONDA FLORENCE
Florence Elementary School
High Point, NC 27265 +
(336) 819-2120
rholbroo@guilford.k12.nc.us
N.C. Asso. of School Librarians
DIANE KESSLER
Durham Public Schools
808 Bacon St.
Durham, NC 27703
(919) 560-2360
kesslerd@bacon.durham.k12.nc.us
North Carolina Library
Paraprofessional Association
SHARON NOLES
Southeast Regional Library in Garner
908 7th Avenue
Garner, NC 27529
(919) 894-8322
Public Library Section
JOHN ZIKA
Person County Public Library
319 S. Main St.
Roxboro, NC 27573
(336) 597-7881
rzika@ncsl.dcr.state.nc.us
Reference/Adult Services
SUZANNE WISE
Belk Library
Appalachian State University
Boone, NC 28608
(704) 262-2798
wisems@appstate.edu
Resources and Technical Services
PAGE LIFE
Davis Library CB#3914
UNC-Chapel Hill
Chapel Hill, NC 27514-8890
(919) 962-0153
page_life@unc.edu
Round Table for Ethnic Minority Concerns
BRIGITTE BLANTON
Greensboro Public Library
PO Box 3178
Greensboro, NC 27402-3178
(336) 373-2716
ncs0921@interpath.com
Round Table on Special Collections
MEGAN MULDER
Wake Forest University Library
PO Box 7777 Reynolda Station
Winston-Salem, NC 27109-7777
(336) 758-5091
mulder@wfu.edu
Round Table on the Status of Women
in Librarianship
JOAN SHERIF
Northwestern Regional Library
111 North Front Street
Elkin, NC 28621
(336) 835-4894
jsherif@ncsl.dcr.state.nc.us
Technology and Trends
DIANE KESTER
Library Studies and Ed. Technology
East Carolina University
Greenville, NC 27858-4353
(252) 328-4389
Isddkest@eastnet.educ.ecu.edu
Wired to the World Editor
RALPH LEE SCOTT
Joyner Library
East Carolina University
Greenville, NC 27858-4353
(252) 328-0235
scottr@mail.ecu.edu
Trustees
ANNE B. WILGUS
N.C. Wesleyan College
Rocky Mount, NC 27804
(252) 442-2662
(252) 977-3701 (FAX)
North Carolina Libraries
PS el tn
Index to
North Carolina Libraries
Volume 56, 1998
Compiled by Michael Cotter
Cross-references to pages and issues:
Pp. 1 " 56: Spring, 1998; pp. 57 " 92: Summer, 1998; pp. 93 " 136: Fall, 1998; pp. 137 "- 178: Winter, 1998
About the Authors.
53, 99, 147
Academic Libraries.
Ezzell, Joline R. It Was the Most Uncertain
of Times: Academic Reference
Librarianship at the End of the Twentieth
Century. 96-99
Stanley, Deborah, and Natasha Lyandres.
The Electronic Revolution and the Evolv-
ing Role of the Academic Reference Li-
brarian. 100-104
Advise and Consult.
Burton, Melvin K. Reference Interview:
Strategies for Children. 110-113
Ezzell, Joline R. It Was the Most Uncertain
of Times: Academic Reference Librarian-
ship at the End of the Twentieth Century.
96-99
Kares, Artemis, Guest Editor. Theme issue,
Advise and Consult (Fall 1998) 96-116
Moore, Betty J. From Reference Class to
Reference Desk: One Year Later. 105-109
Shearer, Kenneth. ReadersT Advisory Ser-
vices: New Attention to a Core Business
of the Public Library. 114-116
Stanley, Deborah, and Natasha Lyandres.
The Electronic Revolution and the Evolv-
ing Role of the Academic Reference Li-
brarian. 100-104
Theme issue, Fall 1998. 96-116
African American Librarians.
Valentine, Patrick. Mollie Huston Lee:
Founder of RaleighTs Public Black Library.
23-26
African American Libraries.
Valentine, Patrick. Mollie Huston Lee:
Founder of RaleighTs Public Black Library.
23-26
ALA Legislative Day.
Gass, Beverly. From the President. 58-59
Alexandre VattemareTs System of Interna-
tional Exchanges in North Carolina, by
Maurice C. York. 11-15
And in Edition (column edited by Plummer
Alston Jones, Jr.).
Bartlett, Chrystal. The Relationship Between
SuperiorsT Self-Disclosure, Offers of Help,
Offers of Cooperation, Frequency of Con-
tact, Trust, and SubordinatesT Job Satisfac-
tion. 155-157
Anderson, Julian. Empire Under Glass. Book
review by Rose Simon. 79
Another Country: Journeying Toward the Cherokee
Mountains, by Camuto, Christopher. Book
review by Meredith Merritt. 46
North Carolina Libraries
Anthony, Robert G., Jr. Bringing Boston Books
to the Carolina Mountains: Charles Hallet
Wing and the Good-Will Free Library at
Ledger. 16-18
Anthony, Robert G., Jr., reviewer. See The
Southeast in Early Maps, 3rd ed., rev. and enl.
by Louis DeVorsey, Jr.
Arrest, Search, and Investigation in North Carolina,
1997 Supplement, by Robert L. Farb. Review. 83
Avery, Laurence G., comp. and ed. A Paul Green
Reader. Review. 47
. A Southern Life: Letters of Paul Green,
1916-1981. Review. 47
The Ballad of Frankie Silver, by Sharyn McCrumb.
Book review by Kevin Cherry. 121
Bamberger, Bill, and Cathy N. Davidson. Clos-
ing: The Life and Death of an American Fac-
tory. Book review by John Welch. 124
Banks, Philip P., reviewer. See Memoirs of Grassy
Creek: Growing Up in the Mountains on the
Virginia-North Carolina Line.
, reviewer. See The Pond Mountain
Chronicle: Self-Portrait of a Southern Appala-
chian Community.
Barefoot, Daniel. Touring North CarolinaTs Revo-
lutionary War Sites. Review. 125
Barfield, Rodney, reviewer. See Hatteras Journal.
, reviewer. See An Outer Banks Reader.
Barnes, Jay. North CarolinaTs Hurricane History.
Review. 126
Bartlett, Chrystal. The Relationship Between
SuperiorsT Self-Disclosure, Offers of Help,
Offers of Cooperation, Frequency of Con-
tact, Trust, and SubordinatesT Job Satisfac-
tion. 155-157
Bell, A. Fleming, II. Ethics, Conflicts, and Offices:
A Guide for Local Officials. Review. 47
Between Us (Column)
Burton, Mel. ChildrenTs Librarians: Manage-
ment Gurus of Librarianship? 152
Jones, Plummer Alston, Jr. Serving the Silent:
We Are Still a Nation of Immigrants. 118
Biographical Information.
About the Authors. 53, 99, 147
Blakely, Florence.
Illustration of. Cover, Summer 1998
Simon, Rose. Interview with Florence
Blakely. 60-64
Blethen, H. Tyler, and Curtis W. Wood, Jr. From
Ulster to Carolina: The Migration of the Scotch-
Irish to Southwestern North Carolina. Review.
125
Blouin, Nicole. See Guide to the Blue Ridge
Parkway.
Book Reviews.
See Reviews.
Brewington, Jan, reviewer. See LeonTs Story.
Bringing Boston Books to the Carolina Moun-
tains: Charles Hallet Wing and the Good-
Will Free Library at Ledger, by Robert G.
Anthony, Jr. 16-18
Brook, David Louis Sterrett. A Lasting Gift of
Heritage: A History of the North Carolina Soci-
ety for the Preservation of Antiquities, 1939-
1974. Book review by Edward F. Turberg. 41
Brower, Neal. Mayberry 101: Behind the Scenes of
a TV Classic, vol. 1. Review. 164
Brown-Graham, Anita R. Creating Effective Part-
nerships for Community Economic Develop-
ment. Review. 47 :
Buie, Jill E. See Feehan, Patricia E.
Bull Durham. Video review by Billy King. 128
Burton, Mel. ChildrenTs Librarians: Manage-
ment Gurus of Librarianship? 152
Burton, Mel, Guest Editor. See ChildrenTs
Services.
Burton, Mel, reviewer. See The LyonTs Cub.
, reviewer. See The LyonTs Roar.
Burton, Melvin K. Reference Interview: Strate-
gies for Children. 110-113
Camp Greene Library, Charlotte.
Photograph. 36
Camuto, Christopher. Another Country: Journey-
ing Toward the Cherokee Mountains. Book
review by Meredith Merritt. 46
Card, Orson Scott. Homebody: A Novel. Book
review by Rebecca Taylor. 77
Carmichael, James V., Jr. Innovation in Library
Education: Historical X-Files on Technology,
People, and Change. 28-35
Carolina Piedmont Country, by John M.
Coggeshall. Book review by Richard
Shrader. 45
Casstevens, Frances H. The Civil War and
Yadkin County, North Carolina. Review. 83
Cecelski, David S., and Timothy B. Tyson, eds.
Democracy Betrayed: The Wilmington Race
Riot of 1898 and Its Legacy. Book review by
Maurice C. York. 158
Charlotte Public Library Speaks Espanol:
Approaching the Hispanic Community
Through Storytelling, by Irania Macias
Patterson. 145-147
Cherry, Kevin. See The Ballad of Frankie Silver.
Cherry, Thomas Kevin B. Interview with Elinor
Swaim. 71-74
. See Jones, Plummer Alston, Jr.
Chesnutt, Charles. Mandy Oxendine. Review. 47
Winter1998 " 173
ChildrenTs Librarians: Management Gurus of
Librarianship?, by Mel Burton. 152
ChildrenTs and Youth Services.
Burton, Melvin K. Reference Interview:
Strategies for Children. 110-113
ChildrenTs Services
Burton, Mel, Guest Editor. Theme issue,
ChildrenTs Services (Winter 1998) 141-
uty
Burton, Mel. ChildrenTs Librarians: Manage-
ment Gurus of Librarianship? 152
Feehan, Patricia E., and Jill E. Buie. Looking
Up: The Image of Youth Services
Librarianship. 148-151
Hutchison, Beth, and Burton, Mel, Guest
Editors. Theme issue, ChildrenTs Services
(Winter 1998) 141-151
Owen, Hannah. Smart Start: One Public
LibraryTs Experience. 148-151
Patterson, Irania Macias. Charlotte Public
Library Speaks Espanol: Approaching the
Hispanic Community Through
Storytelling. 145-147
Theme issue, Winter 1998. 141-151
Chitwood, Michael. Hitting Below the Bible Belt:
Baptist Voodoo, Blood Kin, GrandmaTs Teeth
and Other Stories from the South. Review. 164
The Civil War and Yadkin County, North Caro-
lina, by Frances H. Casstevens. Review. 83
A Civil War Diary, by Henry S. Lee. Review. 83
The Civil War on the Outer Banks, by Fred M.
Mallison. Book review by George Stevenson.
81
Closing: The Life and Death of an American Fac-
tory, by Bill Bamberger and Cathy N.
Davidson. Book review by John Welch. 124
Coe, Marian. EveTs Mountain: A Novel of Passion
and Mystery in the Blue Ridge. Book review by
Helen Kluttz. 80
Coggeshall, John M. Carolina Piedmont Country.
Book review by Richard Shrader. 45
Collection Development on the Web? Yes, Try
Evalutech!, by Angela Leeper. 84-85
Conrad, Dennis M., ed. The Papers of Nathanael
Greene, vol. X. Review. 164
Coonin, Bryna, reviewer. See Enterprising South-
erners: Black Economic Success in North Caro-
lina, 1865-1915.
Cooper, Leland R., and Mary Lee Cooper. The
Pond Mountain Chronicle: Self-Portrait of a
Southern Appalachian Community. Book re-
view by Philip P. Banks. 78
Cooper, Mary Lee. See The Pond Mountain
Chronicle: Self-Portrait of a Southern Appala-
chian Community. 78
Cotten, Bruce.
McGrath, Eileen. oIn My Mind ITm Going to
Carolina ...�: Bruce CottenTs Passion for
North Caroliniana. 19-22
Creating Effective Partnerships for Community
Economic Development. Review, by Anita R.
Brown-Graham. 47
Cumming, William P. The Southeast in Early
Maps, 3rd ed., rev. and enl. by Louis
DeVorsey, Jr. Book review by Robert G. An-
thony, Jr. 162-163
Davidson, Cathy N. See Closing: The Life and
Death of an American Factory.
Davis, John Dixon, ed. A Civil War Diary, by
Henry S. Lee. Review. 83
DeBlieu, Jan. Hatteras Journal. Book review by
Rodney Barfield. 119
Debreczeny, Gillian M. Learning WhatTs New
from Library Newsletters: A Selected List of
North Carolina Resources. 48-49
174 " Winter 1998
DeGroat, Diane. Roses are Pink, Your Feet
Really Stink.
Receives North Carolina ChildrenTs Book
Award. 82
Democracy Betrayed: The Wilmington Race Riot
of 1898 and Its Legacy, ed. by, David S.
Cecelski and Timothy B. Tyson. Book review
by Maurice C. York. 158
Duke University Library.
Simon, Rose. Interview with Florence
Blakely. 60-64
Duncan, Barbara R., ed. Living Stories of the
Cherokee. Book review by Meredith Merritt.
122-123
Dunn, Elizabeth Bramm, reviewer. See The
Power of Femininity in the New South:
WomenTs Organizations and Politics in North
Carolina, 1880-1930.
Electronic Resources.
Stanley, Deborah, and Natasha Lyandres.
The Electronic Revolution and the Evolv-
ing Role of the Academic-Reference Li-
brarian. 100-104
Ezzell, Joline R. It Was the Most Uncertain
of Times: Academic Reference
Librarianship at the End of the Twentieth
Century. 96-99
The Electronic Revolution and the Evolving
Role of the Academic Reference Librarian,
by Deborah Stanley and Natasha Lyandres.
100-104
Eminent Domain Procedure for North Carolina
Local Governments, by, Ben F. Loeb, Jr. Re-
view. 83
Empire Under Glass, by Julian Anderson. Book
review by Rose Simon. 79
Enterprising Southerners: Black Economic Success
in North Carolina, 1865-1915, Robert C.
Kenzer. Book review by Bryna Coonin. 82
Ethics, Conflicts, and Offices: A Guide for Local
Officials, by A. Fleming Bell II. Review. 47
EveTs Mountain: A Novel of Passion and Mystery
in the Blue Ridge, by Marian Coe. Book re-
view by Helen Kluttz. 80
Exchange of Library Materials.
York, Maurice C. Alexandre VattemareTs
System of International Exchanges in
North Carolina. 11-15
Ezzell, Joline R. It Was the Most Uncertain of
Times: Academic Reference Librarianship at
the End of the Twentieth Century. 96-99
Ezzell, Joline, reviewer. See If Gargoyles Could
Talk: Sketches of Duke University.
The Face Finder, by Carol F. Fantelli. Review. 47
Fantelli, Carol F. The Face Finder. Review. 47
Farb, Robert L. Arrest, Search, and Investigation
in North Carolina, 1997 Supplement. Review.
83
Feehan, Patricia E., and Jill E. Buie. Looking
Up: The Image of Youth Services Librarian-
ship. 141-144
Final Vinyl Days, by Jill McCorkle. Book review
by Geraldine Purpur. 163
oFind the Bird.� Cover photo by Pat
Weathersbee. Fall, 1998.
Fonvielle, Chris E., Jr. See Hurricane of Fire: The
Union Assault on Fort Fisher.
Forrester, Sandra. My Home is Over Jordan. Book
review by Frances M. Wood. 124
From Reference Class to Reference Desk: One
Year Later, by Betty J. Moore. 105-109
From the President, by Beverly Gass. 2-3, 58-
59, 94-95, 140
Gambold, John, and Anna Rosina.
Simon, Rose. Saved: The Gambold Collec-
tion of Moravian Devotional Books. 4-10
Garvey, Edward B. The New Appalachian Trail.
Review. 83
Gass, Beverly. From the President. 2-3, 58-59,
94-95, 140
Gehagen, Karen. Pictured. 150
Gibbons, Kaye. On the Occasion of My Last After-
noon. Book review by Rose Simon. 160-161
Gingher, Marianne. Teen Angel and Other Stories
of Wayward Love. Review. 164
Good-Will Free Library, Ledger, N.C.
Anthony, Robert G., Jr. Bringing Boston
Books to the Carolina Mountains:
Charles Hallet Wing and the Good-Will
Free Library at Ledger. 16-18
Grant, Joanne. Ella Baker: Freedom Bound.
Review. 125
Guide to the Blue Ridge Parkway, by Victoria
Logue, Frank Logue, and Nicole Blouin.
Review. 83
Gutek, Gerald, and Patricia Gutek. Visiting
Utopian Communities: A Guide to the Shakers,
Moravians, and Others. Review. 125
Hallowell, Barbara G. Mountain Year: A Southern
Appalachian Nature Notebook. Review. 126
Hamby, Zetta Barker. Memoirs of Grassy Creek:
Growing Up in the Mountains on the Virginia-
North Carolina Line. Book review by Philip P.
Banks. 78
Hanchett, Thomas W. Sorting Out the New South
City: Race, Class, and Urban Development in
Charlotte, 1875-1975. Book review by
Lawrence D. Turner. 160
Hatteras Journal, by Jan DeBlieu. Book review
by Rodney Barfield. 119
Hinkel, James R. Parkway Byways. Review. 126 _
Hitting Below the Bible Belt: Baptist Voodoo, Blood
Kin, GrandmaTs Teeth and Other Stories from
the South, by Michael Chitwood. Review.
164
Hodder, Dorothy, comp. North Carolina
Books. 40-47, 76-83, 119-126, 158-164
Hodder, Dorothy, reviewer. See Home Fires
Burning.
Holaday, J. Chris. Professional Baseball in North
Carolina: An Illustrated City-by-City History,
1901-1996. Review. 126
Holley, Edward G.
Illustration of. Cover, Summer 1998
Nixon, Tommy. Interview with Edward G.
Holley. 65-70
Home Fires Burning, by Margaret Maron. Book
review by Dorothy Hodder. 159
Homebody: A Novel, by Orson Scott Card. Book
review by Rebecca Taylor. 77
Hope Mills, by Constance Pierce. Book review
by Lisa D. Smith. 80
Hurricane of Fire: The Union Assault on Fort
Fisher, by Charles M. Robinson, III. Book
review by Chris E. Fonvielle, Jr. 120
Hyde, Herbert L. My Home is in the Smoky
Mountains. Review. 125
If Gargoyles Could Talk: Sketches of Duke Univer-
sity, by William E. King. Book review by
Joline Ezzell. 44
oIn My Mind ITm Going to Carolina ...�: Bruce
CottenTs Passion for North Caroliniana, by
Eileen McGrath. 19-22
In Some Foreign Field: Four British Graves and
Submarine Warfare on the North Carolina
Outer Banks, by L. VanLoan Naisawald. Book
review by Mark Wilde-Ramsing. 42
North Carolina Libraries
InfoTech: The Advisory List.
Leeper, Angela. Collection Development on
the Web? Yes, Try Evalutech! 84-85
Innovation in Library Education: Historical X-
Files on Technology, People, and Change,
by James V. Carmichael, Jr. 28-35
Internet.
~Meeks, Trilby. Kids Traveling Through
Cyberspace: ItTs a Family Affair. 153-154
Scott, Ralph Lee. Java and The Web. 117
. Managing Lists. 39
. Webcelerator. 165
Sores Zune tenets.)
See also World Wide Web
Into the Sound Country: A CarolinianTs Coastal
Plain, by Bland Simpson and Ann Cary
Simpson. Book review by William H. King. 40
Is There a Dead Man in the House?, by Elizabeth
Daniels Squire. Review. 83
It Was the Most Uncertain of Times: Academic
Reference Librarianship at the End of the
Twentieth Century, by, Joline R. Ezzell. 96-99
Jackson, Liz. See North Carolina Library Asso-
ciation. Executive Board. Minutes.
JacobTs Ladder: A Story of Virginia During the
War, by Donald McCaig. Book review by
Joan Sherif. 123
Java (Programming Language).
Java and The Web, by Ralph Lee Scott. 39
Java and The Web, by Ralph Lee Scott. 39
Jones, Plummer Alston, Jr. Reel North Carolina
II: More Movies and Videos from the Old
North State.127-128
. Serving the Silent: We Are Still a Na-
tion of Immigrants. 118
Jones, Plummer Alston, Jr., ed. And in Edition
(column) 155-157
Jones, Plummer Alston, Jr., comp. Lagniappe/
North Caroliniana (column) 48-49, 84-85,
127-128, 153-154
Jones, Plummer Alston Jr., reviewer. See A Sepa-
rate Canaan: The Making of an Afro-Moravian
World in North Carolina, 1763-1840.
Jones, Plummer Alston, Jr., and Thomas Kevin
B. Cherry. Newfangled & Highfalutin: North
Carolina Library Innovations Over the De-
cades. 36-38
Jones, Plummer Alston, Jr., and Thomas Kevin
B. Cherry, Guest Editors. Theme issue,
North Carolina Library Innovators: Lessons
Learned from the Past (Spring 1998)
Kares, Artemis, Guest Editor. Theme issue,
Advise and Consult (Fall 1998) 96-116
Kenzer, Robert C. Enterprising Southerners: Black
Economic Success in North Carolina, 1865-
1915. Book review by Bryna Coonin. 82
Kids Traveling Through Cyberspace: ItTs a Fam-
ily Affair, by Trilby Meeks. 153-154
Kierner, Cynthia A. Southern Women in Revolu-
tion, 1776-1800: Personal and Political Narra-
tives. Book review by Patrick Valentine. 122
King, William E. If Gargoyles Could Talk:
Sketches of Duke University. Book review by
Joline Ezzell. 44
King, William H., reviewer. See Into the Sound
Country: A CarolinianTs Coastal Plain.
Kluttz, Helen, reviewer. See EveTs Mountain: A
Novel of Passion and Mystery in the Blue Ridge.
Knight, Cheryl. Co-author of oTechnology Use
in North Carolina Public Schools: The
School Library Media Specialist Plays a Ma-
jor Role,� in North Carolina Libraries, Spring
1997 issue. [named as co-arthur] 85
Krawiec, Richard. Voices From Home: The North
North Carolina Libraries
Carolina Prose Anthology. Review. 47
Lagniappe/North Caroliniana (column com-
piled by Plummer Alston Jones, Jr.).
Debreczeny, Gillian M. Learning What's
New from Library Newsletters: A Selected
List of North Carolina Resources. 48-49
Leeper, Angela. Collection Development on
the Web? Yes, Try Evalutech! 84-85
Meeks, Trilby. Kids Traveling Through
Cyberspace: ItTs a Family Affair. 153-154
Reel North Carolina II: More Movies and
Videos from the Old North State.127-128
Laine, Jackie. Cover art, Winter, 1998
A Lasting Gift of Heritage: A History of the North
Carolina Society for the Preservation of Antiqui-
ties, 1939-1974, by David Louis Sterrett
Brook. Book review by Edward F. Turberg. 41
Lawrence, David M. Public Records Law for
North Carolina Local Governments. Review. 47
Learning WhatTs New from Library Newslet-
ters: A Selected List of North Carolina Re-
sources, by Gillian M. Debreczeny. 48-49
Lee, Henry S. A Civil War Diary. Review. 83
Lee, Mollie Huston.
Valentine, Patrick. Mollie Huston Lee:
Founder of RaleighTs Public Black Library.
23-26
Leeper, Angela. Collection Development on
the Web? Yes, Try Evalutech! 84-85
LeonTs Story, by Leon Walter Tillage and Susan
Roth.. Book review by Jan Brewington. 77
Librarianship.
Burton, Mel. ChildrenTs Librarians: Manage-
ment Gurus of Librarianship? 152
Feehan, Patricia E., and Jill E. Buie. Looking
Up: The Image of Youth Services
Librarianship. 141-144
Library Administration and Management.
Burton, Mel. ChildrenTs Librarians: Manage-
ment Gurus of Librarianship? 152
Library Education.
Carmichael, James V., Jr. Innovation in Li-
brary Education: Historical X-Files on
Technology, People, and Change. 28-35
Nixon, Tommy. Interview with Edward G.
Holley. 65-70
Library History.
See Theme Issue, North Carolina Library
Innovators (Spring 1998)
See Theme issue, Turning Points: A North
Carolina Oral History of Librarianship
(Summer 1998)
Library Innovations (Historical).
Photographs. 36-38
Library Newsletters.
Debreczeny, Gillian M. Learning WhatTs
New from Library Newsletters: A Selected
List of North Carolina Resources. 48-49
Library Services for Immigrants.
Jones, Plummer Alston, Jr. Serving the Silent:
We Are Still a Nation of Immigrants. 118
Library Services to Hispanics.
Patterson, Irania Macias. Charlotte Public
Library Speaks Espanol: Approaching the
Hispanic Community Through
Storytelling. 145-147
Listservs.
Scott, Ralph Lee. Managing Lists. 117
Literacy.
Jones, Plummer Alston, Jr. Serving the Silent:
We Are Still a Nation of Immigrants. 118
Living Stories of the Cherokee, ed. by Barbara R.
Duncan. Book review by Meredith Merritt.
122-123
Locklair, Paula W. Quilts, Coverlets, & Counter-
panes: Bedcoverings from the Museum of Early
Southern Decorative Arts and Old Salem Collec-
tions. Review. 47
Loeb, Ben E, Jr. Eminent Domain Procedure for
North Carolina Local Governments. Review. 83
Logue, Frank. See Guide to the Blue Ridge
Parkway.
Logue, Victoria, Frank Logue, and Nicole Blouin.
Guide to the Blue Ridge Parkway. Review. 83
Looking Up: The Image of Youth Services
Librarianship, by Patricia E. Feehan, and Jill
E. Buie. 141-144
Lyandres, Natasha. See Stanley, Deborah.
The LyonTs Cub, by M. L. Stainer. Book review
by Mel Burton. 121
The LyonTs Roar, by M. L. Stainer. Book review
by Mel Burton. 121
Mallison, Fred M. The Civil War on the Outer
Banks. Book review by George Stevenson. 81
Managing Lists, by Ralph Lee Scott. 117
Mandy Oxendine, by Charles Chesnutt. Review.
47
Maron, Margaret. Home Fires Burning. Book
review by Dorothy Hodder. 159
Mayberry 101: Behind the Scenes of a TV Classic,
vol. 1., by Neal Brower. Review. 164
McCaig, Donald. JacobTs Ladder: A Story of Vir-
ginia During the War. Book review by Joan
Sherif. 123
McCorkle, Jill. Final Vinyl Days. Book review by
Geraldine Purpur. 163
McCrumb, Sharyn. The Ballad of Frankie Silver.
Book review by Kevin Cherry. 121
McGrath, Eileen. oIn My Mind ITm Going to
Carolina ...�: Bruce CottenTs Passion for
North Caroliniana. 19-22
McIntosh, Archie N. Little Doc. Review. 125
Meeks, Trilby. Kids Traveling Through
Cyberspace: ItTs a Family Affair. 153-154
Memoirs of Grassy Creek: Growing Up in the
Mountains on the Virginia-North Carolina
Line, by Zetta Barker Hamby. Book review by
Philip P. Banks. 78
Merritt, Meredith, reviewer. See Another Country:
Journeying Toward the Cherokee Mountains.
reviewer. See Living Stories of the
Cherokee.
Miss Kiwanis bookmobile, Durham.
Photograph. 37
Mollie Huston Lee: Founder of RaleighTs Public
Black Library, by Patrick Valentine. 23-26
Moore, Betty J. From Reference Class to Refer-
ence Desk: One Year Later. 105-109
Moravians.
Simon, Rose. Saved: The Gambold Collec-
tion of Moravian Devotional Books. 4-10
Morris, Glenn. North Carolina Beaches. Review. 47
Naisawald, L. VanLoan. In Some Foreign Field:
Four British Graves and Submarine Warfare on
the North Carolina Outer Banks. Book review
by Mark Wilde-Ramsing. 42
National Library Commission.
Cherry, Thomas Kevin B. Interview with
Elinor Swaim. 71-74
Naylor, Phyllis. Shiloh Season.
Receives North Carolina ChildrenTs Book
Award. 82
NCLA. Executive Board. Minutes. 50-53, 86-89,
129-133, 166-170
The New Appalachian Trail, by Edward B. Garvey.
Review. 83
Newfangled & Highfalutin: North Carolina
Library Innovations Over the Decades, by
Plummer Alston Jones, Jr., and Thomas
WinterR1998 " 175
Kevin B. Cherry (photographic essay). 36-38
Nixon, Tommy. Interview with Edward G.
Holley. 65-70
North Carolina Beaches, by Glenn Morris.
Review. 47
North Carolina Books (column comp. by
Dorothy Hodder). 40-47, 76-83, 119-126,
158-164
North Carolina ChildrenTs Book Award.
Announcement of awards for 1998. 82
North Carolina County Fact Book, by Beverly
Tetterton and Glenn Tetterton. Review. 83
North Carolina Department of Public In-
struction.
Leeper, Angela. Collection Development on
the Web? Yes, Try Evalutech! 84-85
North Carolina Foreign Language Center.
Jones, Plummer Alston, Jr. Serving the Silent:
We Are Still a Nation of Immigrants. 118
North Carolina Library Association. Executive
Board. Minutes. 50-53, 86-89, 129-133, 166-170
North Carolina Library Association. Vision
and Objectives for 1998-99.
Gass, Beverly. From the President. 2-3
North Carolina Library Association.
Objectives for 1998-99. 3, 53
North Carolina Library Association. Vision
Statement
[Draft]. 2-3
North Carolina Library Innovators: Lessons
Learned from the Past.
Anthony, Robert G., Jr. Bringing Boston
Books to the Carolina Mountains:
Charles Hallet Wing and the Good-Will
Free Library at Ledger. 16-18
Carmichael, James V., Jr. Innovation in Li-
brary Education: Historical X-Files on
Technology, People, and Change. 28-35
Jones, Plummer Alston, Jr., and Thomas
Kevin B. Cherry. Newfangled &
Highfalutin: North Carolina Library In-
novations Over the Decades. 36-38
Jones, Plummer Alston, Jr., and Thomas Kevin
B. Cherry, Guest Editors. Theme issue,
North Carolina Library Innovators: Lessons
Learned from the Past (Spring 1998)
McGrath, Eileen. oIn My Mind ITm Going to
Carolina ...�: Bruce CottenTs Passion for
North Caroliniana. 19-22
Simon, Rose. Saved: The Gambold Collec-
tion of Moravian Devotional Books. 4-10
Theme Issue, Spring, 1998. 4-36
Valentine, Patrick. Mollie Huston Lee:
Founder of RaleighTs Public Black Library.
23-26
York, Maurice C. Alexandre VattemareTs
System of International Exchanges in
North Carolina. 11-15
North Carolina State Library Commission.
Cherry, Thomas Kevin B. Interview with
Elinor Swaim. 71-74
North Carolina " Libraries.
See Theme issue, North Carolina Library Inno-
vators: Lessons Learned from the Past.
See Theme issue, Turning Points: A North
Carolina Oral History of Librarianship.
North Caroliniana.
McGrath, Eileen. oIn My Mind ITm Going to
Carolina ...�: Bruce CottenTs Passion for
North Caroliniana. 19-22
The Nostradamus Prophecy, by John S. Powell.
Book review by Harry Tuchmayer. 159
Oldenbury, Debbie. Pictured. 149
On the Occasion of My Last Afternoon, by Kaye
Gibbons. Book review by Rose Simon.
176 " Winter 1998
An Outer Banks Reader, ed. by David Stick, ed.
Book review by Rodney Barfield. 119
Outreach.
Patterson, Irania Macias. Charlotte Public
Library Speaks Espanol: Approaching the
Hispanic Community Through
Storytelling. 145-147
Owen, Hannah. Smart Start: One Public
LibraryTs Experience. 148-151
The Papers of Nathanael Greene, vol. X., ed. by
Dennis M. Conrad. Review. 164
Patterson, Irania Macias. Charlotte Public
Library Speaks Espanol: Approaching the
Hispanic Community Through
Storytelling. 145-147
A Paul Green Reader, comp. and ed. by Laurence
G. Avery. Review. 47
Pierce, Constance. Hope Mills. Book review by
Lisa D. Smith. 80
Poff, Jan-Michael, ed. Addresses and Public Pa-
pers of James Grubbs Martin, Governor of North
Carolina, volume II, 1989-1993. Review. 125
The Pond Mountain Chronicle: Self-Portrait of a
Southern Appalachian Community, by Leland
R Cooper, and Mary Lee Cooper. Book re-
view by Philip P. Banks. 78
Powell, John S. The Nostradamus Prophecy. Book
review by Harry Tuchmayer. 159
Powell, William S., reviewer. See oStrength
Through Struggle:� The Chronological and His-
torical Record of the African-American Commu-
nity in Wilmington, North
Carolina, 1865-1950. Ed. by Beverly
Tetterton.
The Power of Femininity in the New South:
WomenTs Organizations and Politics in North
Carolina, 1880-1930, by Anastatia Sims.
Book review by Elizabeth Bramm Dunn. 43
Public Libraries.
Burton, Mel. ChildrenTs Librarians: Manage-
ment Gurus of Librarianship? 152
Burton, Melvin K. Reference Interview:
Strategies for Children. 110-113
Moore, Betty J. From Reference Class to
Reference Desk: One Year Later. 105-109
Owen, Hannah. Smart Start: One Public
Library's Experience. 148-151
Patterson, Irania Macias. Charlotte Public
Library Speaks Espanol: Approaching the
Hispanic Community Through
Storytelling. 145-147
Shearer, Kenneth. ReadersT Advisory Ser-
vices: New Attention to a Core Business
of the Public Library. 114-116
Valentine, Patrick. Mollie Huston Lee:
Founder of RaleighTs Public Black Library.
23-26
See also ChildrenTs Services.
Public Library of Charlotte and
Mecklenburg County. -
Patterson, Irania Macias. Charlotte Public
Library Speaks Espanol: Approaching the
Hispanic Community Through
Storytelling. 145-147
Public Records Law for North Carolina Local Gov-
ernments, by David M. Lawrence. Review. 47
Purpur, Geraldine, reviewer. See Final Vinyl
Days.
Quilts, Coverlets, & Counterpanes: Bedcoverings
from the Museum of Early Southern Decorative
Arts and Old Salem Collections, by Paula W.
Locklair. Review. 47
ReadersT Advisory Services.
Shearer, Kenneth. ReadersT Advisory Ser-
vices: New Attention to a Core Business
of the Public Library. 114-116
ReadersT Advisory Services: New Attention to a
Core Business of the Public Library, by
Kenneth Shearer. 114-116
Reaves, William M. oStrength Through Struggle:�
The Chronological and Historical Record of the
African-American Community in Wilmington,
North Carolina, 1865-1950. Ed. by Beverly
Tetterton. Book review by William S. Powell.
162
Reel North Carolina II: More Movies and
Videos from the Old North State. 127-128
Reference Interview: Strategies for Children, by
Melvin K. Burton. 110-113
Reference Services.
Burton, Melvin K. Reference Interview:
Strategies for Children. 110-113
Moore, Betty J. From Reference Class to
Reference Desk: One Year Later. 105-109
See also Advise and Consult (Theme issue).
The Relationship Between SuperiorsT Self-Dis-
closure, Offers of Help, Offers of Coopera-
tion, Frequency of Contact, Trust, and Sub-
ordinatesT Job Satisfaction, by Chrystal
Bartlett. 155-157
Religious Literature.
Simon, Rose. Saved: The Gambold Collec-
tion of Moravian Devotional Books. 4-10
Reviews.
Hodder, Dorothy, comp. North Carolina
Books. 40-47, 76-83, 119-126, 158-164
Jones, Plummer Alston, Jr., comp. Reel
North Carolina I: More Movies and
Videos from the Old North State. 127-
128
Reviews " Sources.
Leeper, Angela. Collection Development on
the Web? Yes, Try Evalutech! 84-85
Richard B. Harrison Library, Raleigh.
Valentine, Patrick. Mollie Huston Lee:
Founder of RaleighTs Public Black Library.
23-26
Robinson, Charles M., III. Hurricane of Fire: The
Union Assault on Fort Fisher. Book review by
Chris E. Fonvielle, Jr. 120
Roth, Susan. See LeonTs Story.
Rowan County Public Library.
Cherry, Thomas Kevin B. Interview with
Elinor Swaim. 71-74
Rural Libraries.
Anthony, Robert G., Jr. Bringing Boston
Books to the Carolina Mountains:
Charles Hallet Wing and the Good-Will
Free Library at Ledger. 16-18
Sanders, Janet. Pictured. 150
Saved: The Gambold Collection of Moravian
Devotional Books, by Rose Simon. 4-10
School Libraries.
Leeper, Angela. Collection Development on
the Web? Yes, Try Evalutech! 84-85
Scott, Ralph Lee. Java and The Web. 39
2 Managing: Lists: 117,
. Webcelerator. 165
. Wired to the World (column). 39, 75,
1M fret C045)
. Zurfing the Net. 75
A Season on the Appalachian Trail, by Lynn
Setzer. Review. 83
Sensabach, Jon F. A Separate Canaan: The Mak-
ing of an Afro-Moravian World in North Caro-
lina, 1763-1840. Book review by Plummer
Alston Jones, Jr. 76
North Carolina Libraries
A Separate Canaan: The Making of an Afro-
Moravian World in North Carolina, 1763-
1840, by Jon F. Sensabach. Book review by
Plummer Alston Jones, Jr. 76
Serving the Silent: We Are Still a Nation of
Immigrants, by Plummer Alston Jones, Jr.
118
Setzer, Lynn. A Season on the Appalachian Trail.
Review. 83
Shearer, Kenneth. ReadersT Advisory Services:
New Attention to a Core Business of the
Public Library. 114-116. Errata. 144
Sherif, Joan, reviewer. See JacobTs Ladder: A
Story of Virginia During the War.
Shrader, Richard, reviewer. See Carolina Piedmont
Country.
Simon, Rose, reviewer. See Empire Under Glass.
reviewer. See On the Occasion of My
Last Afternoon.
Simon, Rose. Interview with Florence Blakely.
60-64
. Saved: The Gambold Collection of
Moravian Devotional Books. 4-10
Simpson, Ann Cary. See Into the Sound Country:
A CarolinianTs Coastal Plain.
Simpson, Bland, and Ann Cary Simpson. Into
the Sound Country: A CarolinianTs Coastal
Plain. Book review by William H. King. 40
Sims, Anastatia. The Power of Femininity in the
New South: WomenTs Organizations and Poli-
tics in North Carolina, 1880-1930. Book re-
view by Elizabeth Bramm Dunn. 43
Smart Start: One Public LibraryTs Experience,
by Hannah Owen. 148-151
Smith, Lisa D., reviewer. See Hope Mills.
Sorting Out the New South City: Race, Class, and
Urban Development in Charlotte, 1875-1975,
by Hanchett, Thomas W. Book review by
Lawrence D. Turner. 160
The Southeast in Early Maps, by, William P.
Cumming, 3rd ed., rev. and enl. by Louis
DeVorsey, Jr. Book review by Robert G. An-
thony, Jr. 162-163
A Southern Life: Letters of Paul Green, 1916-
1981, comp. and ed. by Laurence G. Avery.
Review. 47
Southern Regional Education Board.
Leeper, Angela. Collection Development on
the Web? Yes, Try Evalutech! 84-85
Southern Women in Revolution, 1776-1800: Per-
sonal and Political Narratives, by Cynthia A.
Kierner. Book review by Patrick Valentine.
122
Squire, Elizabeth Daniels. Is There a Dead Man
in the House? Review. 83
St. Thomas Church, Bath, N.C.
Front cover (pic.). Spring, 1998
Stainer, M. L. The LyonTs Cub. Book review by
Mel Burton. 121
. The LyonTs Roar. Book review by Mel
Burton. 121
Stanley, Deborah, and Natasha Lyandres. The
Electronic Revolution and the Evolving Role
of the Academic Reference Librarian. 100-104
Stevenson, George, reviewer. See The Civil War
on the Outer Banks.
Stick, David, ed. An Outer Banks Reader. Book
review by Rodney Barfield. 119
Storytelling.
Patterson, Irania Macias. Charlotte Public
Library Speaks Espanol: Approaching the
Hispanic Community Through
Storytelling. 145-147
oStrength Through Struggle:� The Chronological
and Historical Record of the African-American
Community in Wilmington, North Carolina,
North Carolina Libraries
1865-1950, by William M. Reaves. Ed. by
Beverly Tetterton. Book review by William S.
Powell. 162
Swaim, Elinor.
Cherry, Thomas Kevin B. Interview with
Elinor Swaim. 71-74
Illustration of. Cover, Summer 1998
Taylor, Michael W., comp. To Drive the Enemy
from Southern Soil: The Letters of Col. Francis
Marion Parker and the History of the 30th Regi-
ment North Carolina Troops. Review. 164
Taylor, Rebecca, reviewer. See Homebody: A Novel.
Teater, Barry. Close to the Heart: A FamilyTs En-
counter with Breast Cancer. Review. 126
Teen Angel and Other Stories of Wayward Love, by
Marianne Gingher. Review. 164
Tetterton, Beverly, and Glenn Tetterton. North
Carolina County Fact Book. Review. 83
Tetterton, Glenn. See North Carolina County
Fact Book.
Theme Issues.
Advise and Consult. (Fall 1998) 96-116
ChildrenTs Services. (Winter 1998) 141-151
North Carolina Library Innovators: Lessons
Learned from the Past (Spring 1998) 4-36
Turning Points: A North Carolina Oral His-
tory of Librarianship. (Summer 1998) 60-
74
Tillage, Leon Walter, and Susan Roth. LeonTs
Story. Book review by Jan Brewington. 77
To Drive the Enemy from Southern Soil: The Let-
ters of Col. Francis Marion Parker and the His-
tory of the 30th Regiment North Carolina
Troops, comp. Michael W. Taylor. Review.
164
A Tribute to Charles Kuralt. Video review by
Melody Moxley. 127
Tuchmayer, Harry, reviewer. See The
Nostradamus Prophecy.
Turberg, Edward F,, reviewer. See A Lasting Gift
of Heritage: A History of the North Carolina
Society for the Preservation of Antiquities,
1939-1974.
Turner, Lawrence D., reviewer. See Sorting Out
the New South City: Race, Class, and Urban
Development in Charlotte, 1875-1975.
Turning Points: A North Carolina Oral His-
tory of Librarianship.
Cherry, Thomas Kevin B. Interview with
Elinor Swaim. 71-74
Nixon, Tommy. Interview with Edward G.
Holley. 65-70
Simon, Rose. Interview with Florence
Blakely. 60-64
Theme issue, Summer 1998. 60-74
University of Houston Libraries.
Nixon, Tommy. Interview with Edward G.
Holley. 65-70
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.
Institute of Government. See Arrest, Search,
and Investigation in North Carolina, 1997
Supplement.
____. See Eminent Domain Procedure for
North Carolina Local Governments.
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.
School of Information and Library Science.
Nixon, Tommy. Interview with Edward G.
Holley. 65-70
Valentine, Patrick. Mollie Huston Lee: Founder
of RaleighTs Public Black Library. 23-26
Valentine, Patrick, reviewer. See Southern
Women in Revolution, 1776-1800: Personal
and Political Narratives.
Vattemare, Alexandre.
York, Maurice C. Alexandre VattemareTs
System of International Exchanges in
North Carolina. 11-15
Video Reviews.
See Reviews.
Voices From Home: The North Carolina Prose
Anthology, by Richard Krawiec. Review. 47
Wake County Public Library.
Bartlett, Chrystal. The Relationship Between
SuperiorsT Self-Disclosure, Offers of Help,
Offers of Cooperation, Frequency of Con-
tact, Trust, and SubordinatesT Job Satisfac-
tion. 155-157
Weathersbee, Pat. oFind the Bird.� Cover
photo, Fall, 1998
. Cover illustrations of Florence
Blakely, Edward G. Holley, and Elinor
Swaim, Summer, 1998.
Webcelerator, by Ralph Lee Scott. 165
Welch, John, reviewer. See Closing: The Life and
Death of an American Factory. Book review
by. 124
Wilde-Ramsing, Mark, reviewer. See In Some
Foreign Field: Four British Graves and Subma-
rine Warfare on the North Carolina Outer
Banks.
Wing, Charles Hallet.
Anthony, Robert G., Jr. Bringing Boston
Books to the Carolina Mountains:
Charles Hallet Wing and the Good-Will
Free Library at Ledger. 16-18
Winston-Salem Public Library Hospital
Service.
Photograph. 37
Wired to the World (column by Ralph Lee
SGOth) 59) 7oyll7 165
World Wide Web.
Scott, Ralph Lee. Java and The Web. 39
. Webcelerator. 165
. Zurfing the Net. 75.
See also Internet.
York, Maurice C. Alexandre VattemareTs System
of International Exchanges in North Caro-
lina. 11-15
York, Maurice C., reviewer. See Democracy Be-
trayed: The Wilmington Race Riot of 1898 and
Its Legacy.
Young, Perry Deane. The Untold Story of Frankie
Silver. Review. 125
Zurfing the Net, by Ralph Lee Scott. 75
ZurfRider.
Scott, Ralph Lee. Zurfing the Net. 75
Guidelines for Using the Index
to North Carolina Libraries
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der their full names. Information about
the substructures of these organizations,
such as committees, round tables, etc., is
listed alphabetically under the organiza-
tion name. (For example, for information
on the activities, officers, reports, com-
mittees, and round tables of NCLA, see
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fagek oe
Light and Air
The Photography of Bayard Wootten
JERRY W. COTTEN
The stunning presentation of the life and work
of North CarolinaTs Bayard Wootten (1875-1959),
a trailblazer for women photographers in the
South. Includes many of WoottenTs most notable
images, the portraits she crafted of black and
white working people.
8 x10, 190 duotones
-2445-3 Nov $37.50 cloth
Blythe Family Fund Series
Sticks and Stones
Three Centuries of North Carolina
Gravemarkers
M. RUTH LITTLE
PHOTOGRAPHY BY TIM BUCHMAN
A beautifully illustrated history, drawing on
20 years of research and the talents of a superb
photographer.
oWith a discerning heart and eye, . .. Ruth Little
illuminates the history as well as the artistry
of gravemarkers in North Carolina.� "Catherine
W. Bishir, author of North Carolina Architecture
73/4 X11, 236 duotones
2417-8 Oct $45 cloth
Richard Hampton Jenrette Series
in Architecture and the Decorative Arts
Now back in print in paperback from UNC Press
The Great Dismal
A CarolinianTs Swamp Memoir
BLAND SIMPSON
WITH A NEW EPILOGUE BY THE AUTHOR
o[Simpson] has given us a jewel of natural and
human history.� " The New Yorker
oIn this quietly eloquent book, Bland Simpson
takes the reader on a journey through a remark-
able place, and the stories he brings back are well
worth the trip.� "North Carolina Historical Review
39 illus.
4752-6 Sept $14.95 paper
Chapel Hill Books
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~ie }
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Tar Heel Politics 2000
PAUL LUEBKE
oPaul Luebke understands North Carolina politics
like no one else. ... This extraordinarily valuable
account should be read by anyone who cares
about the recent course and likely future of our
state.� "John Shelton Reed, coauthor of 1001
Things Everyone Should Know about the South
+2452-6 Nov $34.95 cloth
-4756-9 Nov $14.95 paper
Democracy Betrayed
The Wilmington Race Riot of 1898
and Its Legacy
DAVID S. CECELSKI AND
TIMOTHY B. TYSON, EDITORS
FOREWORD BY JOHN HOPE FRANKLIN
Published on the centennial of the white su-
premacy revolution that claimed many black
lives and rolled back decades of progress for
African Americans in N.C. This volume aims to
draw attention to the tragedy, to honor its
victims, and to add a timely historical voice to
debates over its legacy.
-2451-8 Nov $45 cloth
4755-0 Nov $18.95 paper
Colorblind Injustice
Minority Voting Rights and the
Undoing of the Second Reconstruction
J. MORGAN KOUSSER
An illuminating and controversial view of
racial gerrymandering and the fight for
minority voting rights.
oAn indispensable guide to the uses of discrim-
ination and fraud against racial and ethnic
minorities in American politics.�
-C. Vann Woodward, Yale University
+2431-3 Jan $65 cloth
-4738-0 Jan $29.95 paper
} ee tna
fall, o¢
P esis out for a free
copy of our catalog
ISBN 0-8078
FloridaTs
Hurricane History
JAY BARNES
FOREWORD BY NEIL FRANK
An illustrated history of FloridaTs most notable
hurricanes, from colonial days through Andrew
and Opal. Filled with photos, maps, and fasci-
nating stories of tragedy and survival.
81/2 X 10, 112 photos, 76 maps
+2443-7 Oct $39.95 cloth
-4748-8 Oct $19.95 paper
The ChildrenTs Civil War
JAMES MARTEN
oGives voice to silent thousands"the boys
and girls, black and white, northern and southern,
who fought their own battles and endured this
greatest American tragedy.� " Elliot West, author
of Growing Up With the Country: Childhood on the
Far-Western Frontier
-2425-9 Sept $34.95 cloth
Civil War America
MemoryTs Nation
The Place of Plymouth Rock
JOHN SEELYE
An extraordinary exploration of the changing
meanings of this national icon over two centuries.
oA rich and thorough study, ... one of the most
illuminating books ever written about the role
of regional legends in our sense and non-sense
of American origins as well as national identity.�
" Michael Kammen, Cornell University
36 illus.
-2415-1 Nov $39.95 cloth
ys University of
Vovth Caeslis Presi
CHAPELHILL�"� PHONE [800] 848.6224 / FAX [800] 272.6817 / http://sunsite.unc.edu/uncpress/
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Spring 1999 Outreach
Steve Sumerford, Guest Editor
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Summer 1999 North Carolina Writers
Alice Cotten, Guest Editor
Fall 1999 Life and Limb (security issues)
Page Life, Guest Editor
Winter 1999 Conference Issue
Spring 2000 The Millennium: Celebration or Disaster
David Ferriero, Guest Editor
Unsolicited articles dealing with the above themes or any issue of interest to North Carolina
librarians are welcomed. Please contact the editor for manuscript guidelines and deadlines.
North Carolina Libraries, published four times a year, is the official publication of the North
Carolina Library Association. Membership dues include a subscription to North Carolina
Libraries. Membership information may be obtained from the Administrative Assistant of
NCLA. Subscription rates are $32.00 per year, or $10.00 per issue, for domestic
subscriptions; $50.00 per year, or $15.00 per issue, for foreign subscriptions. Backfiles are
maintained by the editor. Microfilm copies are available through University Microfilms.
North Carolina Libraries is indexed by Library Literature and publishes its own annual index.
Editorial correspondence should be addressed to the editor; advertisement
correspondence should be addressed to the advertising manager. Articles are juried.
