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968 VALENCIA ST., SAN FRANCISCO, CALIF. 94110 ISSUE 12 SEPTEMBER, 1972

FREE TO Gls

DIKES BOMBED

VIET VETS MEET ~ENEMYT

RO KS OF IRE PFO BS
PARIS (JUNE, 1972)

A meeting between 15 members of Vietnam Veterans Against the War (VVAW) and veterans of the national
liberation movements of Cambodia, Laos and North and South Vietnam. American Vietnam vets and veterans of the
Indochinese liberation struggle had met before in Chile, Cuba, Canada, and Paris. Some had met on the
battlefield. But this was the first time a meeting had taken place on an official diplomatic level.

The meetings lasted three days in late June. At formal discussions, the VVAW delegation was given
information on secret CIA bases in Laos and Cambodia, CIA involvement in heroin traffic, and US bombing
of the dikes of North Vietnam. They were also given a letter from 15 POWs to deliver to Congress, along with

photographs and evidence of the bombing of the dikes.

a ~~ w

One member of the delegation, Sgt. John Boychuk (second from left) was an active duty airman from Mt.
Home AFB, Idaho, when he left. By the time he reported back to duty, they'd already drawn up his
honorable discharge papers. John, who spent a year in Vietnam as a weapons specialist, was asked how he felt
about meeting with the oenemy.� He replied, o! have no doubts at all that the real ~enemyT exists in
Washington, D.C., and not in Indochina.�T

JohnTs suspicions proved to be right. When members of VVAW went to deliver the letter from POWs to
members of Congress they were turned away.

The delegation also received the cold shoulder from the American press. Newsmen and camera crews from
the major wire services, newspapers, and radio and television networks were at all four of their press
conferences. Questions were asked. Interviews given. Stories filed. But the stories were buried by the higher
ups, and most people never heard a word about the meeting. Makes you wonder who the oenemy�T really is.

Inside:
Fleet Resistance " p 3 12
Sports " p 9

Southeast Asian War " p 6"8

NixonTs Policy:
War Crimes

O. April 18, 1945 the German High
Commissioner for Holland, Seyss-Inquart,
destroyed the Zuiderzee dikes, flooding 10% of
HollandTs arable land (% million acres), leaving 3
million people homeless and 25,000 to die of
starvation. On October 15, 1946 Seyss-Inquart
was hanged. The Nuremberg Tribunal set up by
the Allies after World War II to try Nazis for war

crimes sentenced him to death for his acts and
labeled him ~~one of the worst war criminals.T

Only 22 other Germans were given the death
sentence.

Since mid-April the US has been deliberately bombing
the dikes of North Vietnam. The vast dike system of the
Democratic Republic of Vietnam is a foundation of the
economy and a necessity for the survival of millions of
people.

oWithout its system of dikes, the Red River delta at the
time of the river swellings would be one immense stretch
of water. Everything would be submerged, rice fields,
cities, villages, from the middle region to the sea. In the
areas submitted to invasion by sea waters, all cultivation
would be impossible, and it would take several years of
treatment to render the soil arable again.�T (Tran Dang
Khoa, director of the Institute of Scientific Research on
Agricultural Hydraulics of the Democratic Republic of
Vietnam, Nhan Dan, june 26, 1972.) A French
geographer, Yves Lacoste, warned in J une that o~it is highly
likely that this catastrophe [the systematic bombing of
the dikes] would cause more deaths than the explosion of
several atomic bombs on the Tonkin Plain.�

The Nixon administration knows all of this and has
studied the problem. In a Department of Defense study,
John McNaughton said ~Destruction of locks and dams
offers promise. It should be studied. Such destruction
does not kill or drown people. By shallow flooding the
rice, it leads after a time to widespread starvation.� And
that, apparently, is what Nixon is aiming at with his
osmart bombs.�

The North Vietnamese have charged that in the two
months from April 10 to June 10, 1972, US aircraft made
68 attacks against 32 dike sections and 31 hydraulic works
in North Vietnam. They claim that 665 bombs of various
sorts have been dropped on the dikes, not counting the
hundreds of shells from the US Navy. Serious damage has
resulted from these bombardments.

Many newsmen and diplomatic people visiting Hanoi
during June, July and August have seen bomb damage to
the dikes. Eyewitnesses to the damage include SwedenTs
ambassador to North Vietnam, Jean Christophe Oeberg,
NY Times reporter Anthony Lewis, Agence-France Press
reporter Jean Thoraval, Jane Fonda, and an international
team sent by the International Commission of Inquiry
into US War Crimes in Indochina. This team included Sean
MacBride, an Irish lawyer and former Foreign Minister of
lreland and former US Attorney General Ramsey Clark.

Reporter Jean Thoraval from Agence-France Press saw
the dikes about 60 miles from Hanoi: ~One of the
embankments was completely cut. Several were gutted,
with gaps in the dike itself and hollows alongside. Deep
cracks were visible everywhere.� In another place, ~ooWe
came to the dike with its system of sluice-gates designed to
hold back the muddy waters and prevent them from
flooding the ten districts of Nam Ha province....The
system of gates no longer worked. The reinforced concrete

CONT. ON P. 2

Dear People of Bulkhead,

That package you sent me was a real mind-blower.
Thanks for putting it together. ItTs nice to know that you
people are thinking about me and all the other guys in my
situation.

Twice I|Tve clipped a notice from the P.O.D. and twice
ITve lost it. It went something like this
INCENSE: Due to the fact that incense is used as a
cover-up for marijuana and hashish " and because its odor
is offensive to many people " incense will not-be burned
on the Coral Sea.

Personally, | find the odor of jet exhaust offensive. Do
you think Capt. Harris will stop the flight ops if | tell him?
Not to mention the fact that a good number of the crew
leave the ship with high and low frequency hearing losses.

Did any of you hear about the death of Rear Admiral
Robinson last month? He paid us (the Coral Sea) a short,
rather humorous (in my opinion) visit. Anyway, his body
was brought to the Coral Sea " where it was kept for about
a day. They put him in our milk refer [refrigerator] right
in the middle of the mess deck area and put a Marine guard
with a rifle outside the refer. Everybody was asking what
the Marine was doing and he'd say, oITm guarding the
Admiral.� 1 thought it was a riot watching all the guys
walk by with their breakfast trays looking at the refer.

oHey, man, whatTs going on?�T

oOh, they took our milk out of the refer and put
RAdm. Robinson in there. DonTt worry, though. HeTs
being guarded. No oneTs gonna steal him.�T

oGood, | just hope we donTt have Rear Admiral Soup or
Navy Beans with Admiral bits for chow tonight.�T

~Me, too. The meals have been bad enough as it is. T

I'd better be going. |Tve got other letters to write.
Thanks again for your interest. I'll keep in touch.

Peace
Mike USS Coral Sea

= =T ic "

(u HITED STATES AIR FORCE AERIAL &

Brothers,

How goes it? Sorry it took me so long but | just got
back yesterday from a TDY at Ninh Hoa. I'd appreciate it
if you didnTt print my letter. On second thought go ahead
and use it. Fuck it.

You know what pisses me off about Tricky Dick is that
he drops all these people from Nam but like he doesnTt say
how many people are TDY from Taiwan and Thailand.
These people arenTt counted as troops in Nam cause
they're only TDY.

Like | was reading about that uprising at
Wright-Patterson and like they found out about a regular
gambling casino. At the same time can you check that out
and find out what happened to the officers that were
caught. ITm sure probably nothing. But out of curiousity

I'd like to Rnow. Well, thatTs about all | gotta rap about. So
be cool and keep me informed.

Later,
Joe Thailand

Brothers,

| just saw your paper and couldn't believe it. It was
beautiful. Out here on this hole ITm beginning to think ITm
alone in my opinions of peace and love toward everyone.
When I joined the Navy | heard that the Navy was a bunch
of draft-dodgers. | thought, oRight on!� If there was any
way to go this would be it. Thru boot camp | met some real
good heads but then | came up. All ITve run across is
probable lifers who think me strange because of my
opinions. | was beginning to think | had maybe come into
the wrong organization. But then | saw your paper and |
breathed a sigh of relief. | wasnTt alone any more. When |
read about our brothers out in the fleet organizing against
the war I felt so much easier. | would like to get your paper
ona regular basis. YouTre beutiful people.
Peace be with you all,
T.M., Treasure Island

oOh, they took our milk out of the refer and
put Rear Admiral Robinson in there. DonTt

worry, though. HeTs being guarded. No oneTs
gonna steal him.�T

Brothers,

At the present time we are a small group on the Kitty
Hawk that are trying to get it together. We have done a /ot
of rapping and have decided that talking about this insane
war is not going to stop it. We are going to start some
action moving and would appreciate some advice and if
possible a few papers to start passing around the ship.

We have been over here since the middle of February
and have already caused so much destruction that it is
entirely out of hand.

We feel that the American people deserve the truth
about what is happening over here. Spreading the truth
can only help to stop this act of violent aggression. So
many people are against the war, it is difficult to
understand why it is still going on.

We would like to help to stop the war by doing some
articles and taking some pictures that you might be able to
use in your publication. We know that it isnTt much, but if
we can do a little bit to help, it would make us feel better.

All of us are in an attack squadron, so we are in direct
contact with the pilots that fly the NavyTs combat
missions into Vietnam. It seems insane to see the planes
being catapulted off of the flight deck with 6,000 peunds
of ordinance and when the pilots return they laugh and
joke about the people that they dropped bombs on, or
how they had fun straffing people with their guns.

The brass may threaten us with disciplinary action, but
we fee/ that we have a moral obligation to the people of
the world, It is a lot more important than any military
duty can be.

A quick reply would be very much appreciated as each

day more bombs get dropped and the more depressing this
whole war monger atmosphere gets.

Keep the faith,
/.C., USS Kitty Hawk







pillars had been destroyed or cracked.�T He discovered that
on three days--June 2, 12, and 21, American
fighter-bombers attacked the dikes and gates there. Aside
from this, the only targets anywhere in sight were houses
near the river.

The international team investigating US War Crimes
concluded that the US had deliberately bombed dikes and
civilian targets in North Vietnam. Their conclusions were:

1) These bombardments were intentional and
deliberate

2) The points which have been selected for
bombardment would significantly affect the hydraulic
system and could cause heavy flooding in the flood season.

3) The regions subjected to those bombardments are
vast food producing and densely populated areas.

4) The methods of destruction used were such as to
make effective repair difficult.

5) The damaged dikes observed by the team do not
form part of aroad network and were not capable of being
used as roads. They are situated in isolated areas and no
military objectives could be noted in their neighborhood.�T

Added to this bombing is the usual mix of
anti-personnel bombs. When people work to repair breaks
in the dikes, planes try to kill and maim them with
anti-personnel bombs which now use plastic pellets that
donTt show up on X-rays.

But why has the Nixon administration chosen the
people of North Vietnam as his targets? All we have to do
to find out the answer is tune in on pig-think and listen to
NixonTs pals who make these murderous policies.

Before Nixon took office he ordered Henr



























Kissinger

The Bombing of the Dikes [continued |

to make a secret study of the Vietnam situation. This
study, which is known as National Security Study
Memorandum-1 (NSSM-1), has been revealed recently by
columnist Jack Anderson. It came up with the following
conclusions about the LB] bombing policies of 1965-68.
Three years of bombing, reported the Central Intelligence
Agency, oDid not seriously affect the flow of men and
supplies to Communist forces in Laos and South Vietnam.
Nor did it significantly erode North VietnamTs military
defense capability or HanoiTs determination to persist in
the war.�� The State Department agreed with the CIATs
conclusions, and noted that oThere is little reason to
believe that new bombing will accomplish what previous
bombings failed to do, unless it is conducted with much
greater intensity and readiness to defy criticism or risk of
escalation.�

Thus the ineffectiveness of massive saturation
bombings under Johnson, and now under Nixon,
combined with the victories of NLF and NVA forces in
South Vietnam have pushed Nixon up against the wall. He
must use new, more devastating tactics, or be defeated.

And his targets must necessarily be the civilian
population of Indochina. To Nixon and his kind there are
no distinctions between military and civilian targets. oA
military target is any person, thing, idea, entity, or
location selected for destruction, inactivation, or
rendering nonusable with weapons which will reduce or
destroy the will or ability to the enemy to resist.TT (USAF
ROTC Manual, 5/61) And thatTs what itTs all about.
Because there are still millions of Vietnamese people who
have the idea that Vietnam is their country, not NixonTs.

EVERYWHERE |}

The Movement
Grows In The Fleet

A new wave of protest, triggered by NixonTs all-out air
war against the people of Indochina, is sweeping through
the Navy. While one CO after another is claiming that
morale is high and SOS is non-existent, groups of sailors
throughout the fleet are raising the SOS [Stop Our Ship]
cry, ~We are everywhere!� The idea of SOS was inspired
by nine brothers from the attack carrier

CONSTELLATION, and then was boosted on by men on

*

4

"

&

of those men, surrounded by dozens of civilian supporters,
faced the press ina parking lot across from Alameda Naval
Air Station, California. ~Each one of us has voluntarily
decided to lay our ass on the NavyTs line,TT read their
spokesman nervously, oby saying that the only way to end
the genocide being perpetrated now in Southeast Asia is
for us, the actual pawns in this political game, to quit
playing.�� The ten were Michael E. Wood, James K.
Frazier, Douglas D. Counard, Denton Dixie, Jr., Ronald K.
Smith, Anthony A. Koopman, Michael D. Koch, Jerry T.
Ford, Terry D. Hanson, and Edward Richards.

After being transferred to Treasure Island, the ten
began a fight for either administrative or conscientious
objector discharges. While stuck at Treasure Island,

Brothers from the USS Oriskany at press conference before turning themselves in to the Navy

the CORAL SEA, who organized on board to oppose
deployment to Vietnam. Since the sailing of the CORAL
SEA in November 1971, the movement has been given
new life by sailors, Marines, their loved ones, and their
civilian supporters. Attack aircraft carriers, the backbone
of NixonTs air war strategy, are seeing the most militant
action.

Groups of sailors on the attack carriers USS
ORISKANY and USS AMERICA and the destroyer USS
DENNIS J. BUCKLEY have refused to sail to Vietnam
recently. In the narrow Hood River Canal which runs to
the Bangor Ammunition Depot at Bangor, Washington, a
small fleet of kayaks and canoes have launched a

summer-long campaign to stop ammo ships headed for
Southeast Asia.

SABOTAGE

A few dramatic acts of sabotage have made the news
despite the NavyTs attempt to cover up the increasing
number of incidents which daily plague the US fleet. On
August 5, Navy officials in Norfolk, Virginia, charged
seaman apprentice Jeffery Grant Allison, 19, with setting
a fire or the nuclear carrier FORRESTAL which did
between $7.2 and $25 million (!) damage. Allison, who
was attached to an admiralTs staff, has been charged with
25 counts, one of which carries the death penalty.

In June, the Navy arrested Patrick K. Chenoweth, 21, a
fireman on the attack carrier RANGER for allegedly
dropping a paint scraper and bolts into the reduction
gears. Estimated damage: $550,000. Seventeen: other
sailors on the Ranger are also under investigation. The
RANGER has a long history of ~~incidents.�� During the
summer of 1970, one-third of the engineering division
walked off the ship, delaying it in San Diego harbor for a
couple of days. This little known mutiny was followed by
another oincident� which crippled an engine.

REFUSALS

When the USS ORISKANY left for Vietnam in early
June, a lot of its crew stayed home. On July 14, 1972, ten

ohome� for 2200 sailors in technical schools, the ten took
advantage of the situation and rapped to as many guys as
possible about their action.

On the destroyer USS DENNIS J. BUCKLEY, three
sailors " Daniel Harris, Marc Hornstein, and John Murphy

left the ship in the Philippines after returning from the
gun line off North Vietnam. Harris explained his
experience: ~One day in June, | was standing a watch on
the bridge and we were called to general quarters. | just
stayed where | was on the bridge, looking out with my
binoculars while we started firing. | saw these people
running out of their huts that live on the beach and use the
beach and water for their life. TheyTre running around
everywhere, and the shells were hitting and just
slaughtering them. Immediately | just said NO! This just
canTt be happening. |Td never seen war like this before and
that is what made me realize ...�� When the BUCKLEY
left June 20, the three stayed in the Philippines.

The June 5th departure of the aircraft carrier
AMERICA for Vietnam from Norfolk, Virginia, was
blocked by a sea-going protest which turned into a battle
between sailors and Coast Guardsmen who tried to break
up the protest. Thirty-one people in a motley armada of
thirteen kayaks and canoes surrounded the America at its
berth. After most of the ~PeopleTs Navy� was swamped by
Coast Guard cutters, several people,-cheered on by the
sailors on the AMERICATS bow, swam up and grabbed
hold of the ship. When the Coast Guard pulled
demonstrators from the water, sailors on the AMERICA
pelted the cutters with eggs and garbage. The Coast Guard
responded by turning a high pressure hose on the sailors
massed on the bow. Inspired by the o~battle,� two sailors "
Alfred Stancel and Danny Teer " left the ship ten minutes
before the gangplank was pulled up.

PEOPLETS BLOCKADE

At the Bangor Ammunition Depot in Bangor,
Washington, water-borne protestors attempted to stop
four ammo ships as they moved out through the narrow
Hood Canal. In their most successful attempt. George

*

A

Walker, a 31-year-old Navy vet who once sailed on the
CORAL SEA, maneuvered a kayak past three Coast Guard
boats and put himself squarely in the path of the USS
JOSEPH E. MERRELL. The MERRELL kept coming at
6-8 knots and sailed right over Walker! Walker, who was
struck by the MERRELLTS bow, was dunked but
uninjured. He and a skindiver who attempted to swim in
front of the MERRELL, were arrested for violating a
500-yard security zone established around the MERRELL
under the 1917 Espionage Act.

oThis is just the beginning,� said Walker after being
released by the Coast Guard. ~~ItTs the super technology of
the world pitted against people fighting with bare hands.�T
The anti-war group known as the PeopleTs Blockade is
looking for a minesweeper to bolster their fleet.

What has made actions like the PeopleTs Blockade so
effective is the energy it brings to sailors and Marines who
are the actual backbone of the fleet. Opposition to the war
from within the fleet isnTt new, though. WhatTs new is that
this opposition has grown from individual resistance to
collective action. For example...

The USS HULL is a destroyer which has been shelling
areas around the DMZ and Quang Tri. Recently guys have
written to Congressmen and women and newspapers
protesting the use of white phosphorous shells against
populated areas. This shelling is in violation of the Geneva
Accords.

The USS HUNLEY, a sub tender out of Guam, has its own
underground paper, the Hunley Hemorrhoid. \tTs written,
drawn, designed, and financed by crewmen, and printed
by friends off the ship. ItTs stated purpose is to opreserve
the pain in your (liferTs and brass) ass.�T

The USS TICONDEROGA is a carrier which sailed from
San Diego in May. Of the many brothers who refused to
deploy to Nam, three took public sanctuary " Tony
Powers, John Elliott, and Bruce Rumer. They were picked
up, sent back to the ship, and busted. After a week at sea,
~more than 75 guys at a time were holding anti-war,
anti-Navy meetings. The Tico brothers took on asymbol:
a red dot with the letters ~~S.I.N.�T on top. It stands for
oStop It Now.� And the red is for the blood thatTs been
shed.

In mid-April, the ammo ship USS NITRO sailed out of
Leonardo, New Jersey with crewmen jumping into the
water and small boats paddling into its path. Seven men
jumped off. More tried but were held back by lifers. A
letter from the NITRO dated June 8 gives you some idea

continued on page 12

Sailors on USS AMERICA cheer PeopleTs Blockade

GI COFFEEHOUSE PUT OFF LIMITS

lwakuni, Japan (June 22)-On June 22, the commanding
officer of the lwakuni Marine Corps Air Station declared
an anti-war GI coffeehouse ooff limits.�� The Hobbit
Coffeehouse has for two years been the off-base center of
SEMPER FI, an underground GI paper put out by Marines
at lwakuni, As the GI movement at Iwakuni has grown, so
has the Hobbit. It now includes a bookstore, a library, and
law offices. According to Col. Van Campen, the Hobbit
o~..deleteriously affects the welfare of (Armed Forces)
personnel and is inimical to the security of this
command...TT Funny. HeTs never said that about the bars
and clip joints in town.

Gls at lwakuni replied within a week with their own
declaration: ~~The presence of Armed Forces personnel at
the establishment of the Marine Corps Air Station,
lwakuni, Japan, deleteriously affects the welfare of such
personnel, the welfare of Japan, and the welfare of the
people of Vietnam. Effective immediately, we declare
Marine Corps Air Station, I|wakuni, ~off-limitsT to all
human beings.�

This statement was issued to representatives of the
international press. They also stressed that the
ooff-limits� order was unconstitutional, violating their
rights to freedom of assembly, speech, and press, as well as
their right to legal counsel. oWe believe the Hobbit was
placed off-limits because the GI movement is growing in
strength and unity. The brass is afraid of us because we

know that what the United States is doing in Vietnam is
genocide.�

The press statement was only one part of a
four-pronged counterattack against the Marine Corps. The
second part was a legal action against Van CampenTs order.
A peopleTs lawyer from the National Lawyers Guild filed a
law suit in Washington, D.C. federal district court to have
the ooff-limits� order lifted. The suit was turned down,
and immediately another suit filed. If that one is denied,
the decision will be appealed.

The third part of the front was Congressional action.
Congressman Ron Dellums (Dem. California) and
Congresswoman Bella Abzug (Dem. N.Y.) protested the
illegal actions of the Corps to Melvin Laird and the
Commandant of the Marine Coprs, R.E. Cushman.
Dellums wrote, o~...the Hobbit is considered by many of
the minority servicemen as one of the few places in
lwakuni where there is no racial discrimination and where
they are able to meet with white Marines in a relaxed
atmosphere to share common concern.�T Both Dellums
and Abzug contrasted the on-base discrimination against
black people and women with the lack of discrimination at
the Hobbit, and called for the ooff-limits� order to be
lifted.

The fourth part of the counterattack was direct action
by Gls themselves. In their statement they said, oWe want
it understood that this order will in no way suppress our
beliefs and actions - nor will it prevent the publishing of
our GI newspaper.� SEMPER FI has continued to come
out regularly. More Marines are getting involved in the
movement on-base and Japanese friends of the GI
movement continue to keep the Hobbit open. (National
Lawyers Guild and Pacific Counseling Service)

WHAT YOU DONTT KNOW

Washington, D.C. (May)"The government is spending
twice as much to hide information from the people as it
spends on public information programs. Representative
Moorehead from Pennsylvania revealed figures, which
may not be complete since there is so much secrecy,
showing that the government spends $126.3 million for

classification, and $64 million for information programs.
(LNS)

PERSONNEL CARRIER ATTACKS
A GI CENTER

Angeles City, Philippines (May 12) " In the fast
BULKHEAD, we reported that the GI center outside of
Clark AFB in Angeles City, Philippines, had been raided
twice in April. Now a third raid has occurred, and this time
they used a tracked armored personnel carrier with a
50mm machine gun mounted on it. Gls and PCS (Pacific
Counselling Service) people who relate to the GI center are
now afraid that they may well be killed by this
combination of American and Philippine police. It is clear

that such actions have been OKed by both the US embassy
in Manila and the Clark AFB command. (CAMP News)

v LEJEUNE PIGS TRY TO SILENCE aent

Camp Lejeune, N.C. (April)-Gls at Camp Lejeune have
been getting together, putting out a paper (RAGE), and
setting up a bookstore, counseling center and meeting
place for anti-war, anti-military Marines, called United We
Stand. This became a little too much for the pigs at
Lejeune to take so on April 1 at 4:30 AM the local police
raided the project house. Paul Cox, an active duty Marine
who was asleep was busted. The police ransacked the
house. After an hour or so they claimed to have found-"in
an empty suitcase in the back of a closet--otraces� of
osuspected marijuana.� But the pigs were probably after
something else. They called Naval Intelligence to inspect
the files and records of the project.

RAGE is written by and for Marines. It has published 5
issues of 5000 to 7000 copies. The Marines have been
active counseling brothers and sisters hassled by the
military, supporting strikers at a local plant, and in general
developing an awareness of how to fight back against the

war fever and mind wrecking discipline of the USMC.
(Bragg Briefs)

J APANESE STOP US PLANES WITH KITES

Yokota, Japan (May 5)"On May 5, the Japan Peace for
Vietnam Committee (Beheiren) staged a demonstration at
Fussa against Yokota AFB. The demonstrtation climaxed
with 40 Japanese people ~ using ~~ peopleTs
technologyTT"kite flying"to stop the air base for half an
hour!

Since May 5 is ChildrenTs Day in Japan, the theme of
the demonstration was oVietnamese have children too.� A
rally was held before the demonstration, and. despite
strong military and Japanese police surveillance several Gl
brothers from Yokota attended. One spoke to the 400
Japanese saying that if he werenTt arrested by the MPs, he
would join with them in their demonstration. He also said
that there were many Gls inside the base who strongly
supported the Japanese in their struggle against the
American military.

After the rally, the people marched the entire length of
massive Yokota AFB and ended inaconveniently located
field at the end of the runway. Then, while hundreds of
riot police watched, about 40 of the people flew kites in
the air over the runway. This application of the ancient
sport of the kite flying was not the first at Yokota, but this
time a giant CSA was forced to wait, engines running, in
the taxi area because of the kites. The demonstration
ended with more plans for kite flying on a regular basis
through the summer. GI brothers inside the control tower
report that indeed kite flying is very efficient against the
base and that the brass is really pissed. (CAMP News)

:

McCHORD Gls PROTEST AIR WAR

Tillicum, Washington (May)"Active duty airmen at
McChord AFB have organized to fight the air war and
madman NixonTs policies in a number of ways. They have
circulated petitions, written a pamphlet on the air war,
and organized demonstrations.

A petition to Congress circulated by the airmen read:

We the people of McChord AFB, Washington, and
concerned citizens of the surrounding communities~
oppose the involvement of this base in the bombing of
Vietnam and the killing of the Vietnamese people. C-14]
Starlifter cargo planes from this base are being used to
transport ammunition and equipment to support the
bombing. This petition will be sent to Congress in
accordance with our constitutional right to petition.

The brothers at McChord also wrote an excellent
pamphlet on the air war which .contains factual
information as well as analysis. Copies of the pamphlet
you can get from AIR WAR, P.O. Box 411, Tillicum,
Washington 98492. TheyTre 25 cents each, and funds will

be used to finance this and other publications. (CAMP
News)

ARMED
FORCES
DAY
May 20, 1972

Armed Forces Day used to be the kind of day lifers love
" full of super patriotism and displays of the ~o~newest�T
and o~best�T killing machines. Now it has become a day the
lifers dread, because the GI Movement has changed it into
Armed Farces Day. It is now filled with anti-war rallies,
pro-EM guerrilla actions, and marches and picnics outside
of bases.

The brass has had two prior Armed Farces Days to deal
with. In 1970, they reacted by stepping up security on all
bases where demonstrations were planned. Demonstrators
were greeted with every kind of armament but the kitchen
sink. In 1971, the security was kept at the same levels and
in some cases tightened. In both years many bases
cancelled the Armed Forces Day events, and there were
busts in an attempt to squash the demonstrations. Often
Gls were put on riot control or restriction so they could
protect their bases from the ohordes of invading hippies.�T

This year was a little different. The New Action Army,
the Air Force Team, and TodayTs Navy kept up with their
ofun-military� images by trying to co-opt the
demonstrations. At Fort Hood, they offered 3-day passes
for that weekend to any GI who wanted one. At
Portsmouth, the Marines were offered a free steak and
beer picnic, while at Bragg the brass offered free bus rides
to the nearby resort area of Myrtle Beach. Not all bases
experienced this type of attempt by the brass to draw off
Gls, however, and many Gls were restricted (at
Wright-Patterson AFB, Fort Dix, and Fort Bliss) and some
busted (Kirtland AFB).

Some of the high points of Armed Farces Day 1972
came at:

CHERRY POINP MCAS, NORTH CAROLINA " About
120 people, including about 40 Gls staged the first GI
demonstration in the history of the base outside its gates.
They then went out to have a picnic. Everyone on base had
extra duty, but at the official air show one GI paratrooper
stepped to the door of his plane and let loose thousands of
leaflets about the GI anti-war demonstration. The leaflets

reportedly scored a direct hit on the pro-war crowd below
him.

NEWPORT, RHODE ISLAND " On AFD morning,
Newporters awoke to find their harbor ~~mined�T with
what appeared to be red and black round objects. Three
newspaper offices received identical notes signed by the
Newport Liberation Front (NLF). The note said that the
mines would be deactivated if the following conditions
were met:

1. Stop the war in Vietnam.
2. Get the Navy out of Newport.

3. Release all prisoners of war (Newport sailors

second class and below).

AIRMEN AND SAILORS TURN IN THE US
MILITARY FOR US"FILIPINO
TREATY VIOLATIONS

Manila, The Philippines (May) " Five Gls, turned off by
US aggression in Vietnam and turned on by the Filipinos
resistance to the giant US rip-off of their country, blew the
whistle on the illegal use by the US of Filipino territory for
attacks on Vietnam. On May 17, two Gls, Air Force Staff
Sgts. Thomas Andrich and Wayne Evans, both from the
405th Avionics Maintenance Squadron, testified before
the Filipino Senate Foreign Relations Committee that
Clark Air Base is a forward staging area for US attacks on
Vietnam.

Three sailors, E4 Bob Wardell, E4 Dennis Tressa, and
E4 Alexander Sanchez, Jr., who were scheduled to testify
next about the role of Subic Naval Base in the war, were
taken into custody by the Navy, restricted to base, and
after two weeks shipped back to the states. Wardell was
actually kidnapped from a private residence at 1:30 AM to
keep him from testifying. Sanchez, who disappeared fora
while, is now stationed in Antarctica. The Navy didnTt
even bother to inform his wife who was living near Subic
that he was being shipped out.

The US is prevented by treaties with the Filipino
government from using its bases for offensive actions
against a third country. Andrich and Evans testified that
their squadron of F-4 Phantoms was involved in air attacks
on Vietnam. Tressa, Wardell and Sanchez were going to
explain how Subic is a forward base for US attack carriers
and the largest naval magazine - for storing bombs, etc. -
outside the US.

The GlsT testimony came at a time when opposition to
US exploitation of the Philippines has been fanned by
stepped-up US air and naval attacks on Vietnam. (See
article on page 7 for further information on the
Philippines) Liberal opposition senators are investigating
the role of US bases in an attempt to influence the renewal
of the bases agreement in the near future. Three days after
the controversial Senate hearings, 14,000 Filipinos
attempted to rally peacefully in front of the US embassy
to support the Vietnamese struggle against the US. The
police and Filipino World War II veterans hired as thugs by
the US embassy had attacked an earlier demonstration on
May 11.

The May 20 action, which coincided with Armed
Farces Day anti-war picnics held by US Gls at Subic and
Clark, turned into a free-for-all when police set up
barricades and then attacked the demonstrators with clubs
and automatic rifles. Thirty-four persons were injured,

seven seriously. One eighteen-year-old was shot in the
back.

The Philippines constitutes the USTs second line of
~defenseT to which the military will have to fall back when
the US is driven out of Southeast Asia. But with the
increased tempo of the national liberation struggles
throughout all of Southeast Asia this year, there is no such

BLACK GI ACQUITTED AT FT. HOOD

Ft. Hood, Texas (Spring)-Pvt. Wesley Williams was
acquitted of charges of possession of marijuana at Ft.
Hood, Texas by a jury that deliberated only five minutes.
Even a brass- infested military jury couldnTt stomach the
military judge, one Col. Adair. Refusing to disqualify
himself when charged with being a racist, Col. Adair
replied, ~Why, just last month | tried a colored boy and
found him innocent.� (Fatigue Press)

WAF FILES C.O. AS BRASS FREAKS

Westover AFB, Mass. (April)-A1C Pat Turner has been
discharged as a conscientious objector from Westover
AFB. She is the first WAF C.O. that anyone knows about.-
Bella Abzug (Dem. N.Y.) initiated a congressional
investigation to get her papers off base. Pat went through 3
jobs and was told that she was being court-martialed for
odereliction of duty.� She was hassled continuously by
the WAF commander for not being o~lady-like� because
she doesnTt shave her legs or wear her hair in an approved
fashion. And also because she was fighting back by talking

about the war, the military, and the role of women in the
Air Force with everyone.

During her interview for her C.O. application, the

If these conditions are met, there can be an immediate
ceasefire and the implementation of the following

thing as a secure rear area, even in the USTs oldest overseas

officer, a man, told Pat that she should talk to a woman

two-point peace plan.

1. Withdraw all American forces from Southeast
Asia.

2. An internationally supervised plebiscite to insure
free elections in the United States.

HAPPY ARMED FARCES DAY!

At noon, an explosion occurred aboard a 280-foot
barge, the Chester A. Poling, carrying a cargo of 900,000
gallons of gasoline. The police freaked out and ordered a
search of the area. It turned up about 30 medium-sized red
and black toy baloons anchored to the bottom with bricks
and string. There were no explosives, and all the omines�T
were reported. The Coast Guard reported that the
explosion apparently was caused by an electrical

malfunction which ignited gasoline in a forward motor
room.

ALAMEDA NAS, CALIFORNIA " Over 100 sailors and
Marines from the aircraft carriers Enterprise and
Oriskany gathered for a picnic in a park near the base
sponsored by Stop Our Ship (SOS). The picnic was not on
Armed Forces Day but a week later since the Enterprise
was out on sea trials until May 26. SOS presented
entertainment, bands, guerrilla theater and speakers,
including Len Chandler, Jane Fonda, and a Vietnamese
student, Nguyen Tang Huyen. Sailors from the various
ships also spoke.

Demonstrations, rallies, picnics, and other AFD
activites also occurred at: Fort Devens, Massachusetts; Ft.
Dix/McGuire AFB, New Jersey; Pease AFB/Portsmouth
Naval Base, New Hampshire; Westover AFB,
Massachusetts; Norfolk, Virginia; Fort Bragg, North
Carolina; Ft. Campbell, Kentucky; Fort Hood, Texas;
Fort Bliss, Texas; MacDill AFB, Florida; Fort Eustis,
Virginia; Fort Jackson, South Carolina; Wright-Patterson
AFB, Ohio; Lockbourne AFB, Ohio; Fort Carson/Lowry
AFB, Colorado; Fort Ord, California; Kirtland AFB, New
Mexico; Travis AFB, California; lwakuni MCAS, Japan;
Mt. Home AFB, Idaho; Long Beach Naval Station,
California; El Toro MCAS, California; Honolulu, Hawaii,

possession.

friend of his who would help her straighten out her
appearance and, undoubtedly, also her attitude. With her
new look she would fit in and be more popular and thus

. would probably not want the C.O. anyway. Her squadron

commander, it was later revealed, had to take 4 ~~nerve
pills� after each time he saw her. They were so glad to get
rid of Pat that they gave her a police escort off base and
forbade her from ever coming back on base. All power to
sisters in the struggle!! (99th Bummer)

COAL MINERS ORGANIZE
AGAINST UNION LIFERS

Wheeling, W.Va. (May)"In 1969, Jock Yablonski ran
against Tony Boyle for the presidency of the United Mine
Workers union. Boyle, the ManTs man, won the election.
Yablonski, who spoke and acted against high-level union
sellouts on safety and wages, was murdered three weeks
later along with his wife and daughter. Boyle has been
inplicated in the murder, and also convicted of embezzling
union funds. Finally the courts decided to overturn his
election. A new election has been ordered for December
1972.

Miners and thier families are organizing into Miners For
Democracy to shut down the Boyle machine for good. On
May 27&28, 600 reform miners met to draw up plans for
defeating BoyleTs hatchetmen. Their platform says: oThe
myth that coal miners must continue to be maimed and
killed because mining is inherently dangerous is not
acceptable to us. The superior safety records in other
countries makes it clear that coal mines can be made safe,
if people are put before profit... Too often our leadres and
the coal operators have been content to discard these
brothers as if they were worn-out pieces of machinery
instead of human beings.�T

Although the courts have dealt blows to the machine
headed by Tony Boyle, the Miners For Democracy havea
fight coming. But as their candidate for union president
said in Wheeling, o| am aware that there are dangers in my
candidacy, but | wouldnTt want to live if | couldnTt stand
up and speak out against what is wrong in our union. You
canTt spend your life looking over your shoulder.�T(LNS)

e

Thailand and Malaysia are presently coordinating land and

sea action along their mutual border in an effort to

suppress both Chin PengTs forces and Thai guerrilla

activity. Malaysia also reported an anti-guerrilla campaign

in Sarawak in eastern Malaysia along the Indonesian
5 border. MAP SHIT

SOUTHEAST ASIAN PEOPLE FIGHT |

A. we go to press, the Nixon administration is still
putting out the official lie that the war is winding down.
Careful investigation by the Bulkhead staff and on the
scene reports confirm just the opposite. For example:

@ Thousands of Gls are being transferred a short 200
miles from Vietnam to nine US air bases in Thailand. The
number of troops there has gone from 32,000 to 49,000
US troops in Thailand plus 42,000 sailors in the 7th Fleet

Philippines remains under total US domination twenty-six
off of Vietnam and Gls in Vietnam (43,000) bring the

years after its so-called independence in 1946. Between

total number of US troops, not including those in the
Philippines (Clark Air Base and Subic Naval Base) and
those on Guam, to 133,000 US troops. No one in his right
mind can deny that they are carrying out one of the most
murderous air and naval attacks ever. (See story on'~front
page). :

® Reports are beginning to reach the US that for the first
time ever the Thai guerrilla movement, led by the
little-known Thai Patriotic Front, launched a nationwide
offensive timed to coincide with the National Liberation
FrontTs (so called Viet Cong) and North Vietnamese
ArmyTs huge spring offensive. The nationwide wave of
guerrilla actions included attacks on US B-52 bases in
northeast Thailand. US advisors are directing
counterguerrilla measures being carried out by the
ot and financed Royal Thai Army (See story page
8).

@ Seasoned guerrilla armies, enjoying widespread
popular support in no less than seven countries, are
fighting for control of Southeast Asia against a
US-dominated alliance of corrupt and inefficient military
dictatorships. Fighting has been reported in Vietnam,

Laos, Cambodia, Thailand, Burma, Malaysia, and the
Philippines.

Despite NixonTs claims, the real situation is more like
this: what was once called the Vietnam war, and later the
Second Indochina War after the US invaded Cambodia
(1970) and Laos (1971) is now raging across all of
Southeast Asia.

The two key forces in the US-controlled Southeast Asia
Treaty Organization, which does not include Malaysia and
Burma, are the huge US-financed military establishment
of Thailand and Vietnam. With the right-wing military
forces of Laos and Cambodia almost completely
immobilized by local guerrillas, the US has become
increasingly dependent on Vietnam and _ particularly
Thailand for ground forces. Despite billions of US aid
dollars and the efforts of thousands of US advisors, these
military regimes have never been able to gain more than
token popular support. Instead, they have become
increasingly dependent on the massive firepower of the US
Navy and Air Force to keep them in power.

In Vietnam, for instance, representatives of eight
Buddhist organizations have called on their followers not
to join the Saigon army. United Press International (July
20) estimates that these organizations represent ten
million Vietnamese. The Thieu regime has already drafted
close to five million young Vietnamese who face either the
incredibly hard life of the NLF guerrillas, prison, or the
puppet army.

For now US ground forces have been withdrawn after a
disastrous attempt to contain the fighting with half a
million US troops. Nixon, instead, has turned to building
ip the 7th Fleet and sending thousands of Air Force
dersonnel to Thailand. But remember that the US spent
almost ten years (1955-1965) building up the Saigon
duppet army only to be forced to send in US Gls to bail
yut the Saigon regime. And even now the Saigon army is
yeing slowly ground to pieces by the NLF and NVA
despite massive US air support while the Royal Thai Army
has proved ineffective as a counter-guerrilla force.

The question is at what point will the US again be
~orced to commit ground troops in Southeast Asia. With
roop levels rapidly approaching 50,000 at nine major US
yases in Thailand what will the US do as the Royal Thai
irmy fails to stop the guerrilla movement?

To help you understand the growing crisis in Southeast

\ 4
I
_: ,% :

After the Cambodia invasion of 1970, more of the country was lost by the US backed government. The Mimot, a minority
group in Cambodia, exchange gifts with soldiers defending them from US/Saigon invasion.

Asia we have prepared a map and a county-by-country
summary of recent events.

VIETNAM " The two large scale battles initiated by the
NLF and NVA around An Loc and Quang Tri continued to
dominate the US version of what was happening in
Vietnam. The US-backed Thieu regime claimed a major
victory after reoccupying the center of An Loc. The NLF,
however, has pointed out all along that its primary
military task is to destroy the Saigon army, not to seize
and hold territory. All observers in Vietnam have pointed
out that it would be suicidal for the Vietnamese to
attempt to hold territory under US air attack. Many US
advisors have testified to the deadly effectiveness of what
the Vietnamese call ~o~a high stage of development of
guerrilla warfare.�� From their perspective An Loc was a
costly victory. if a victorv at all. According to US advisors,
the. ARVN Sth Division suffered 2,500 casualties out of
6,000 men while trapped in An Loc for over two months
under NLF mortar and artillery attack. A second division,
rushed in from the Mekong Delta has still failed to reach
An Loc. The division suffered as high as 50% casaulties
while bogged down on the road to An Loc.

At Quang Tri the story is pretty much the same. The
NLF and NVA have remiained highly mobile vacating
areas under ARVN ground or US air attack while forcing
ARVN to pay an incredibly high price for offensive moves.
In early May, for example, an entire Saigon division,
11,000 men disintegrated overnight as the offensive swept
toward Quang Tri.

By focusing attention on the air war and the two large
scale battles at An Loc and Quang Tri, the US has managed
to hide one of the most important military developments
in South Vietnam, the systematic destruction of the

pacification program, particularly around Saigon and in
the populous Mekong Delta to the south.

New York Times reporter Fox Butterfield reported
from Saigon (June 20) that the NLF took advantage of the
major battles at An Loc and Quang Tri to quietly reassert
control oover many of their once powerful bases in the
provinces around Saigon.� Chuong Thien province, called
by the 7imes othe hub of the lower Delta,�T was virtually in
NLF hands. One month later, on May 28, the 7imes
acknowledged that 77 government outposts had been
taken over in Chuong Thien alone and the pacification
program was destroyed.

With ARVN troops being cut off from the rear as they
press their attack on Quang Tri, SaigonTs defenses
seriously weakened, and the VC promising more
~surprises,T the US and their puppets were bracing for a

new offensive " probably timed to coincide with this fallTs
election campaigns.

CAMBODIA " Cambodian guerrillas led by former
premier Prince Norodom Sihanouk have gained control of
most of the countryside except Pnom Penh, the capital
city, which is controlled by a small clique of military
officers backed by the US. Sihanouk was deposed in
March 1970, just before US and Vietnamese puppet
troops invaded the country in search of the NLFTs secret
headquarters. The secret headquarters turned out to be a
fantasy, but the invasion sparked a war of resistance, led
by Sihanouk and assisted by experienced Vietnamese
guerrilla leaders. Cambodia has been under constant air
attack since then by the US and during the spring there

were frequent reports of fighting and anti-government
demonstrations in and around Pnom Penh. Sihanouk, long

FOR FREEDOM AND INDEPENDENCE

VIETNAM

Long Chen

]

Luang Prubang ¢ ,T Plaines des

) Jarres

Vientiane

ig

Nakhon Phanom

THAILAND

CAMBODIA
6 Sattahip

@ Saigon

ng

{/ Chuong Thien

a
Mekong Delta

VY

MALAYSIA

at odds with the US, was deposed for refusing to side with "

the US in its attempt to subjugate Vietnam.

LAOS " Sgt. John Boychuk, one of the few active duty
~Gls ever to meet officially with guerrillas led by the Pathet
Lao, reported from Paris that the Laotians had told him
that three tons of bombs have been dropped since 1964
for each of the one million civilians living in
. guerrilla-controlled parts of Laos. LaosT total population is
close to three million. The US air war has forced about
700,000 refugees into detention camps in the small areas
held by the US-backed Royal Lao government. From
1968 until just before the present offensive in Vietnam,
most of US air power was concentrated against the
countryside of Laos.
The Pathet LaoTs spring offensive which was timed to
coincide with the VietnameseT, left the US with almost no

oe
We ica We

Laotian people work when they can between bombings.

e Quang Tri:

Subic Naval Base

VU
Clark Air Base

b : Q
PHILIPPINES Be 7

Laotian puppet troops capable of or willing to fight the

Pathet Lao. In place of the Royal Laotian army and the
ClA-controlled secret army of General Vang Pao, the US
has brought in an estimated 25 battalions of Thai troops
(between 6,000 and 10,000 men) to replace the Laotian
troops. Thousands of other Thai troops plus their US
advisors commute regularly to Laos by helicopter from
bases in neighboring Thailand in order to hide the fact of
last yearTs US sponsored Thai invasion of Laos.

The collapse of the Royal Laotian army and Vang PaoTs
secret mercenary force is an ominous sign for the US. The

Royal Laotian army was built up secretly by the US after
1955 to counter the French defeat at Dien Bien Phu the

year before. The US saw Laosas a ofinger thrust right into

the heart of Southeast Asia� and was anxious to control
the country both as the best site for a major military base
on ChinaTs southern border and as a buffer zone between
the victorious Vietnamese revolutionary forces and the
rest of Southeast Asia, particularly Thailand. Even though

Laos became one of the largest recipients of US aid in the
world, the army remained what Roger Hillsman,
Undersecretary of State for Southeast Asia under
President Johnson, described as ~~a focal point for graft,
the principal lever for ambitious men plotting coups anda
symbol of government repression in those villages to
which it did intermittently penetrate.�

Today with government officials wary of straying more
than twenty miles from the two major cities of Vientiane
and Luang Prubang, the Royal Laotian army remains a
military joke dominated by five regional commanders who
are more concerned with internal power struggles and
opium trafficking than fighting.

When it became clear ten years ago that the Royal
Laotian Army would never develop any fighting ability,
the US assembled part of the Meo hill tribes of Laos into
one of the most motley military forces in the long history
of US intervention in the affairs of other countries.

The Meo, many of whom fight under another tribal
leader with the Pathet Lao, are an important opium
growing hill tribe found in the northern parts of Southeast
Asia from Thailand to North Vietnam. In the early 1960Ts,
the US brought part of the tribe together with remnants of
an anti-communist Chinese army which has been in Laos
raiding across ChinaTs southern border and awaiting a US
invasion of China since 1949. For good measure the US
added remnants of small mercenary forces from other
countries, including Cambodia, the Philippines and
Burma.

Based in the mountains surrounding the huge CIA
complex at Long Chen, this 18,000 man army was given
the job of conducting raids in Pathet Lao-held territory
and defending the strategic Plaines des Jarres " once
coveted by the US for a major military base. For the past
three years offensive forays by Vang PaoTs army into
Pathet Lao held territory have been met with strong
counteroffensives. By 1971, US-backed Meo mercenaries
had suffered such high casualty rates that Vang Pao was
ready to call it quits. But Vang PaoTs US superiors
cynically warned him, ~o~No boom-boom, no rice.T�T And
since the Meo had long ago given up farming in exchange
for US rice supplies, this year they once again took up
arms to defend Long Chen.

The results were disastrous. Long Chen was surrounded
and then overrun by Pathet Lao. The Meo mercenaries
responded by looting the base of its supplies before fading
into the mountains. With the collapse of its military force
in Laos, the US was forced to bring in Thai troops to end
the rout.

The US has repeatedly defended its actions in Laos by
claiming that the North Vietnamese have invaded the
country. Nixon claimed in his most recent defense of US
intervention, for instance, that 50 to 60,000 North
Vietnamese are fighting in Laos. Fred Branfman, a writer
who has lived in Laos since 1963 reports, however, that a
Royal Laointelligenceofficer told him that there were only
5 to 10,000 North Vietnamese in Laos, half of them
engaged in maintaining supply routes between Pathet Lao
territory and North Vietnam.

MALAYSIA British efforts to destroy the legendary Chin
PengTs Malaysian guerrilla army right after World War II
provided British Colonel Robert Thompson with a
counter-insurgency strategy which he later sold to the US
for use in Vietnam. Twenty-five years later, with
insurgency spreading across Southeast Asia, Chin Peng still
leads guerrilla forces in Malaysia. The governments of

Because of U.S. bombing raids, many Laotians live in caves. These children ra rely see the sun.

1956 and 1965, the US milked the Filipino economy. for a
cool $380 million in profits, more than six times what the
US invested during the same period. US investment
presently totals over $1 billion dollars. Six US bases,
including Clark Air Base and Subic Naval Base have been
used since World War II as important staging grounds for
US intervention in Korea and Indochina and a control
center for US-directed attacks on the Filipino national
liberation movement. (See article on page XX).

The Filipinos have a long tradition of revolutionary
nationalism dating back to their war for independence
fought first against the Spanish and then against their
American o~liberators� (1896-1911). After World War II
the Huks, former anti-Japanese resistance fighters who
continued fighting after the US reoccupation in 1945,
came close to winning real independence for their
homeland. Three years ago the Philippines Communist
Party of the Philippines, leader of the nationalist
movement, reorganized the guerrilla forces into the New
Peoples Army. The New Peoples Army claims the support
of 400,000 people, mostly poor peasants, organized into
local organizations in 800 villages in 4 different areas of
the country. The Filipino government reported 30 clashes
with the NPA this year including a full-scale land-air-sea
attack directed at a 1000-man guerrilla force in /sabela
province. .

The Filipino armed forces like their counterparts in
Vietnam, Laos, and Thailand, are completely controlled at
the command level by a parallel structure of US military
advisors. In fact, the military set-up in the Philippines,
where the US has trained, organized and financed the
armed forces since 1945 became a model for the later

ex tension of US military power all over Southeast Asia.

THAILAND " For the US, Thailand once seemed secure
rear area; a peaceful sanctuary from which waves of B-52s
could attack Indochina without fear of reprisal; a staging
ground from which Thai troops could be deployed to back
depending on the situation in other countries where the
US was intervening; and above all a receptive market for
US businessmen seeking cheap labor and raw materials in
the name of profit. Now as Peter Smith points out, all that
has changed. Thailand is quickly going the way of
Vietnam. With $200 milljon invested already and millions
more on its way plus a string of nine Air Force bases and a
major naval base (Sattahip), the US in a way is more
heavily involved in Thailand than it ever could be in
Vietnam.

Recent attempts by the US-trained and financed Thai
army to contain the growing guerrilla movement led by
the Thai Patriotic Front have been almost completely
unsuccessful. By the end of 1971 the Thai-government was
reporting guerrilla activity in 150 districts in more than
one half of the countryTs provinces. In Nakhon Phanom
province near the border of. Laos, for example, almost all
of the provincesT 100 villages were giving full support to a
guerrilla force made up of local people. No military vehicle
or person in uniform was allowed in the area.

In the spring offensive which was coordinated with the
offensive in Indochina, for the first time fighting broke
out all over the country with reports of attacks coming
from areas as separate as the Northeast, the
Thai-Cambodian border, and the Thai-Malaysian border.
Several Gls reported frequent attacks on US bases
apparently aimed at B-52 activity against the people of
Indochina. The US base at Utapao reported two B-52s

damaged in J anuary. see next page

§ Thailand: Another Vietnam

losing hearts
and §=minds

By Peter Smith

Peter Smith was a Special Forces Sgt. in Vietnam and

trained for a year in Thailand. He is now back in Thailand
working for Pacific News Service.

When. | first came to Lom Sak five years ago, there was
no sign of war in this remote northern part of Thailand.
Since that time, the Bangkok governmentTs fight against
the Meo guerrilla insurgency [part of the Thai Patriotic
Front. See page7| has grown from isolated skirmishes into
full-scale combat involving both ground troops and air
support from US-supplied helicopters and
fighter-bombers.

Most of the Royal Thai Army troops have just been
withdrawn to Bangkok, their omission having been
accomplished.� Yet the effort, which cost the Thai Army
hundreds of casualties, resulted in almost no losses for the
guerrilla forces; fewer than 20 bodies were found in the
area when it was cleared. The base built for the
suppression campaign has quieted down considerably, but
its mere existence, combined with the memory of the roar
and confusion of the Thai Army operations, are testimony
of the changing scene jn the area.

Lom Sak is a town of about 15,000, on the eastern side
of the contested mountainous area. In 1967, asix-man US
Army Special Forces team was set up to train police and
Thai Special Forces in counter-insurgency work. Today
Lom Sak is a large Thai Army base, complete with airstrip
and all the equipment necessary to support two divisions
of the Thai Army. Since the Thai Army is modeled on its
American counterpart, with emphasis on heavy
equipment and firepower rather than on high quality
troops, the base at Lom Sak mushroomed overnight into a
very substantial installation covering 30 or 40 acres.

Also new is the presence of ethnic Thai farmers in this
once exclusively Meo region. The new super-highway
going south through Phetchabun connects Lom Sak with
the main southern markets and has brought with it the
machinery of industrialized civilization. Tractors, a rarity
five years ago, now are commonplace, used by the Thais
for both clearing operations and for plowing.

THAIS MOVE IN

No place is the impact of the influx of large numbers of
Thai farmers with new machinery more evident than at
Kek Noi, a rapidly expanding village on the Mitropab
(Friendship) Highway which runs due east-west out of
Lom Sak to Phitsanulok. Settlement along this highway,
which was built about 10 years ago, did not begin in
earnest until the southern highway out of Lom Sak was
completed in 1969. But since that time, the village of Kek
Noi, situated in a beautiful high plateau areaabout15 miles
west of Lom Sak and in the heart of what traditionally was

Meo living space, has blossomed into a community of
about 1000 Thai families. Hundreds of acres of once
heavily forested mountain region has been cleared and
turned into vegetable farms.

Just north of Kek Noi are some of the ruggedest
mountains in the region. These mountains were the scene
of some of the most concentrated action in the recent

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Bangkok ~communist suppression uperation.T The villagers
in Kek Noi say they could see the helicopters and airplanes

tlying nearby, and hear the explosions of heavy bombs and
artillery as the Thai Army worked its way through the
communist infested areas.

Looking at the situation in light of the

In 1965, Henry Cabot Lodge, from one of New EnglandTs
oldest and wealthiest families and ambassador to Saigon
under Johnson, talked about how the future of Vietnam
was tied to the whole question of continued US control of
Southeast Asia:

oGeographically, Vietnam stands
at the hub of a vast area of the
world -- Southeast Asia. He who
holds or has influence in Vietnam
can affect the future of the
Philippines | $1 billion in US
investments] and Formosa to
the East, and Thailand [$95
million in US investments] and
Burma with their huge rice
surpluses to the West, and
Malaysia and Indonesia with
their rubber, ore and tin to the South
... Vietnam thus does not exist
in a geographical vacuum -- from
it large storehouses of wealth
and population can be influenced
and undermined. �

rapidly-expanding Thai presence in this area, one wonders
if the Meo Dangs (Red communist Meos as they are called)
who are causing so much trouble are doing so as part of an
ointernational communist conspiracy� masterminded by
Hanoi and Peking, as so many Thai and American officials
here claim, or if they really are just reacting in a clearly

predictable way to severe encroachments on their
traditional way of life.

~A MEO oVOLUNTEER� IN CAMP SON

Four miles down the road from Kek Noi, on the other
side of the ridge, is a Meo resettlement village, Camp Son.
In stark contrast to Kek Noi, where the Thais are spread
out on rolling hills, with most families owning their own
farm, the Meos have been crowded together into this dirty

hot village next to a Thai Army volunteer encampment.
talked with a young Meo who was a volunteer in the Army.
He spoke at some length about how things reached the
present state of affairs.

The ethnic Thais used to live in the lowlands, where
they were predominantly rice farmers, and the Meos lived
up in the mountains, where they hunted, practiced slash
and burn agriculture, and sold small amounts of opium to
itinerant Chinese merchants. Relations between the two
groups were friendly as each had its own area where it
preterred to live, while a certain amount ot trade was
carried on between them when the Meos came down from .
the mountains to barter for supplies.

Then, the Thai government in Bangkok attempted to
increase its control over the Meos by bringing in police and
civil administrators. This process was sharply accelerated
when the Mitrapob highway was built, since it went right
through the heart of traditional Meo land, and provided
access to their villages for the Thai police. The police
started arresting Meos for growing opium, their traditional
cash crop, without instituting adequate measures for
alternative crops with the Meos could depend on. At the
same time as the Thai government was cracking down on
the Meos for growing opium, there was every indication
that they were letting certain Chinese merchants traffic
freely in the commodity. The police also started arresting
Meos for cutting down trees in the area when they made
clearings for their fields, while at the same time allowing
Thais who had oproper licenses� from Bangkok to cut
down trees for lumber or to clear areas such as those
around Kek Noi for farming.

In these cases Thai government actions had the
appearance of rank discrimination, and many Meos started
fighting with the police. In view of the traditional Thai
opinion of Meos as savages from the forest, it is not
surprising that the clash of the two societies should have
evolved as it did. The Meo o~volunteerTT said that the Meo
Dangs now live high in the mountains, where they eke out
a meager existence and train for battles against Army and
police outposts. He said about 50% of the Meo Dangs are
actually ethnic Thais, mostly young men and women who

have identified with the Meo cause and joined forces with
them.

CRUEL DILEMMA

Once the shooting started, the Thai Army, following
US Army practices in Vietnam, decided that any Meos
living free out in the forests were either communists or
potential supporters of the communists, and consequently
must be removed and resettled in camps such as this one at
Camp Son. Thus the classic reaction to an insurgency
situation of removing the sea (people) from the fish
(revolutionaries), and the creation of what amounts to

,free-fire zones, has found ahome in Thailand.

Traditional Meo villages are quite small, about 20 or 30
families, but Camp Son is large, with approximately 200
families, intensifying the normal problems of hygiene in
Meo villages. There is no school here. Meos are not allowed
to own land, as the Thais do down the road at Kek Noi, or
to travel after dark. They farm land around the village, but
do not have access to the farm machinery as the Thais do,
so their land is improperly cleared and difficult to manage.
As a result of this cruel dilemma, the majority of the Meo
men have done the only thing really left open to them,
namely to ovolunteer�T as a soldier in the Royal Thai Army
camp adjoining (and protecting) their village.

VIETNAM AGAIN

Thus, in this circle of circumstances, has the tactic of
using brown men to fight brown men-by declaring
free-fire zones, by luring rural people into re-settlement
villages which will not be bombed, and by paying high
wages to those same villagers to take up arms against their
ocommunist� brothers--been fully adopted by the Thai
Army. Equipped as it is by the United States, with all the
tools necessary to make free-fire zones work, the Royal
Thai government is attempting to eliminate a minority
group standing in the way of o~progressTT because of its
obackward� society and culture.

Dave Meggyesy Quits The League
And Lives To Talk About It

Dave MeggyesyTs OUT OF THEIR LEAGUE is an
expose of professional football. Dave played pro football
with the St. Louis Cardinals for six years, starting out asa
fanatic young rookie and ending up as a radical athlete. By
the time he quit the league in 1969, heTd come to
understand how heTd been messed by the violence,
pay-offs, dope, racism, and superman mentality that go to
make professional football the favorite sport of our
favorite President. To understand why he quit, you have

to understand what football does to the people who play
it.

DaveTs high school near Cleveland, Ohio, separated

students into two groups early in their second year: those
who were hustled into college preparatory classes and
those like the o~poor, dumb Meggyesy kidsT who were
tracked into vocational classes. DaveTs track was football.

When a kid is raised by a father who hits his kids when
heTs drunk, and by a stepmother who never pays much
attention, it means a lot when someone tells you youTre
good at something. The football coaches at Solon High
School were the first people Dave knew who ever told him
he was good. It was so important to him to hear praise that
he worked like crazy to live up to their expectations. oThe
more approval they gave me, the more fanatically |
played,TT Dave writes.

In the spring of his sophomore year, Dave left Solon
and moved to Detroit. His father was about to divorce his
second wife, his brother had just enlisted in the Navy, and

his sister had just gotten married. Dave needed to get
away.

College scouts found Dave in his senior year. He wanted
into college badly, but had little money. His ticket in was
his fanaticism on the football field. After being wined and
dined by the college coach, and after being seduced by a
college coed loyal to the football team, Dave joined
Syracuse University. In his four years at Syracuse, he
learned how to pass classes without attending them, take
pay-offs, outhustle his teammates, kiss up to the coaches,
and break the bodies of his opponents 37 different ways.

But there were two lessons he always resisted. One was
that coachesT careers and the won/lost record of the team
were more important than the players themselves.
Meggyesy writes about one incident where a close friend
of his with an injured knee was sent into a punt return
team, one of the most dangerous assignments in football.
oMark caught the ball and started up field. One of ArmyTs
big tackles got a clean shot on his bad knee and just tore
ittup.Mark was carried off the field ona stretcher. He never
played football again. The way he was injured made me
acutely aware of the incredible brutality of the game and
of the power those who control the game have over the
players.�T

The second lesson Dave refused to swallow was that
osomehow it was healthy and manly to go out and get
drunk, pick up some girl, sleep with her and maybe even
rough her a bit.T� When Dave and his wife-to-be Stacey
Kennedy, broke through the usual man-woman games and
began to develop a genuine relationship, Dave was told he
was immoral and that Stacy was a slut for living with aman
she wasnTt married to. One teammate even told Stacy that
he would kill her if she didnTt stop seeing Dave.

What Dave saw at Syracuse primed him for the Big
League. Knock down, drag out, drugged up college
football was so demanding that it left Dave with time for
only football and Stacy, in that order. He never had a
chance to study. So at the end of his senior year, Dave

found himself broke and prepared for only one career: pro
football.

When he was drafted by the St. Louis Cardinals in
1963, he resigned himself to hustling for the Cardinals like
he used to hustle for Solon: fanatically. His first
experience with benzedrine was part of that fanaticism.
After popping some bennies on the way to a game, he
began to feel ~*. .. as if | were Clark Kent slipping into the
phone booth to become Superman. | was tense and ready

to explode with energy, yet | felt total control over
myself.�

This wasnTt the first time heTd been drugged for a game.
At Syracuse heTd wrenched his neck, and before the game
the trainer promised to fix him up so he could play. oHe
stuck a long needle into the big muscle in my neck. When
he tried to pull the needle out, the muscle spasmed. The
needle broke from the base of the syringe and | was left
with it sticking in my neck. The doctor took a pair of pliars
out of the drawer and pulled it out. | was so psyched about
playing, though, it didnTt matter at all to me. | didnTt
realize it, but he was shooting me up with Novocain for the
game. He assured me everything would be all right, and
sure enough, much of the pain was gone by the time | left
his office.... When the numbness wore off after the
game, my head felt like it was on backwards. It was weeks
before | got it turned around.�T

DaveTs fanaticism on the field was more than matched
by othe military madness of the game itself . . . not only in
obvious things like football stars visiting troops in
Vietnam, but in the language of the game " ~throwing the
bomb,T being a ~field general,T etc., and in the unthinking
obligation to ~dutyT required of the players. In short, the
game has been wrapped in red, white and blue. It is no
accident that some of the most maudlin and dangerous
pre-game ~patriotismT we see in this country.appears in
football stadiums. Nor is it an accident that the most
repressive political regime in the history of this country is
ruled by a football freak, Richard M. Nixon.�

Football and the military look similar from the inside,
too. Soldiers and players are both reduced to just so much
meat to be used for someone elseTs pleasure and profit.
Football clubs and the Armed Forces both encourage their
men to rely on them for everything: a place to stay, acar
to drive, medical attention, security, happiness. Both
encourage the lifer mentality. Both demand conformity to
the systemTs rules and regulations. But both also
encourage self-centered individualism and disunity among

their men in order to control them, Devotion to duty is
always rewarded.

Dave began to see, in time, what that devotion did to
the players themselves: oJust before we went out on the
field, for instance, Ernie Clark, one of our linebackers,
would disappear. The rest of us would be in the locker
room, down on one knee going through the LordTs Prayer,
and above our mumbling, you could hear this steady,
pounding noise, It was Ernie with his helmet on, beating
his head against the concrete walls of the training room.�T

Tim Rossovich, who now plays with the Eagles, is one
of the best middle linebackers in the game. He is also out
and out crazy. He opens bottles with his teeth, bangs his
head into lockers, eats glass, sticks pins in his chest, and for
fun lights himself on fire at parties. In an interview in
SPORT MAGAZINE, Rossovich said, ~It sounds bad, but
itTs pretty satisfying to hit someone, to feel him grunt,
bounce him off the ground and see his eyes rolling
around. ... ThatTs the reason | play football, to make my
opponent feel that way.�

For many players like Rossovich, football is
everything. Meggyesy observed that for many players, sex
was no different. ~~Players seem to see sex as something
close to athletics. That is, they worry a lot about ~staying
powerT and ~performanceT and dream of being able to
inspire a string of orgasms in a woman the same way they

~' dream of single-handedly making a long series of tackles.�

But for those players who were married, the double
standard ruled. oWives are virginal creatures keeping the
home and the kids; other women are meat on the rack.�T

In 1965, Dave made his first solid move against one of
the most damaging aspects of football: racism. With
StacyTs support and encouragement, Dave became a
co-sponsor of an NAACP fund raising drive at a time when
racial tensions in the club were building. Club managers
were assigning black and white players to separate dorms.
White players were race-baiting black players. White
players took to hanging out at segregated bars. Black
players were being channelled into competing for the same
tough slots. °

A white player, Bill Koman, told Meggyesy during
training camp that he had a good chance to make the club
because his competition was otwo dumb _ nigger
linebackers who are so stupid they have trouble tying their
shoes.TT Black players who buckled under to this racist
treatment by players and management were ~decent
niggers.TT It was not uncommon for star black players to be
dumped during training camp for not having the ocorrect
attitude.�� Ed McQuarters, a defensive tackle from
Oklahoma, refused to keep his mouth shut when white
players talked about blacksT ~inherent ability to run fastTT
or their ocongenital insensitivity to pain.� When
McQuarters was cut, he was told that it was due to his
oaloofness� and his oinability to laugh and joke along with
the other players.�T

Once Dave took a stand on the problem of racism in the
club, he had to deal with being called a onigger lover.�
Dealing with those racist games made him stronger, more
self-confident. But now it was easier for him to speak out
on other issues that were important to him. So Dave and
Stacy began to work against the war in Indochina. They
marched in New York in April 1967. And in the fall of th
same year they got together with some friend
formed the St. Louis Mobilization Committee Agaiiis:
War. The FBI got on their case at this time, ques!T
friends and grilling club owners. The owners th
Dave with suspension, and Dave told them to go t.
When Dave got involved in an attempt to unionize footbal
players two weeks before the end of the 1967 season, it
was the icing on the cake.

The T68 season saw Dave doing less football and more
anti-war work. He campaigned for Eugene McCarthy, anc
learned a lot from his defeat and from the streei
demonstrations in Chicago at the Democratic convention
By the start of next season, he and Stacy had been turnec
on to weed and psychedelics, and this only separated hin
more from the game. He continued to do anti-war work
and with the support of Stacy and a close friend anc
teammate, walked away from pro football at the end o
the ~69 season.

Most unemployed football players sell used cars o
golfballs or life insurance. But Dave Meggyesy could nc
more do that than play football. So he joined with thi
Institute for the Study of Sports and Society in order t«
continue working against professionalism and for a mor:
human kind of athletics. If you want to order this book, o
get more information on the Institute, write to Dav:
Meggyesy, c/o Bulkhead, 968 Valencia, SF, CA 94110
Cost of the book retail 6 $6.95. Special GI price: $3.95.

DESERTER RETURNS WITH HONOR

Heidelberg, W. Germany"Good old Stars and Stripes,
along with a lot of other promilitary newspapers, has been
actively attacking the movement for repatriation
amnesty for all draft dodgers, deserters, and military
prisoners. The paper is running letters from lifers mostly,
complaining about people who have refused to participate
in the war in Indochina. Recently, some brothers sent the
following letter to S&S and signed it RITA F. Act (RITA:
Resistance Inside The Army). After some argument back
and forth the letter was printed:

A FABLE"Once upon a time there was a young man.
When his country elected a leader who was hell-bent on
bombing small countries to hell in order to save them
from communism. this young man ran off to Scandanavia.

He dodged, he deserted, he sank lower and lower.-After a
while he even fought against his own country.

What was his name? Should he have been amnestied?
Answer: The manTs name is Willie Brandt, Prime Minister
of West Germany, and the leader was Hitler. Opinions

differ on whether he should have been amnestied. (RITA
Act)

© i970 CRAWFORD

Tels REOLIODED) AIENIGAM

THE ARMY TAKES CARE OF
ITS OWN (LIFERS)

Ft. Lewis, Washington (Spring)-SFC Ignacio Batacan was
caught with over $13,000 worth of government property
in his home, which he had ripped off over a period of time.
A year later he was tried before the Federal Court in
Tacoma. The judge was considerate enough to hold off
sentencing so Batacan could spend Thanksgiving with his
family. Batacan was sentenced to two years, but all but 90
days was suspended.

He was never courtmartialed, nor did he face any other
type of military punishment. In order to finish his 20 years
service for retirement, which he completes in less than a
year, the brass has him recorded in the Morning Report as
being on leave while he is in jail. Batacan will draw regular
Army pay while he is in jail and will be able to retire with
all benefits and honors. (Gigline)

ee eae x:

OINIK !.., AND Now
A WORD FROM OUR.

*..

JAPANESE AND AMERICAN GITS
PROTEST OKINAWA DEAL

Japan & Okinawa (May 15)"Five members of the
Japanese Self Defense Forces (JIETAI) came out in open
revolt against the Japanese military establishment by
refusing to be deployed to Okinawa when it was turned
over from American to Japanese control. The US will
continue to use Okinawa as a major forward base for
intervention in Southeast Asia. Presently chopper pilots
from the Marine Division stationed at Okinawa are flying
Vietnamese puppet troops into combat in the battle for
Quang Tri while thousands of grunts from the same
division are oon float� off Danang. This is the first time
that Self Defense Forces personnel came out openly

Sa against deployment. They issued a set of demands which

began with: oStop the deployment of troops to Okinawa�
and ~Support the popular demand to put Okinawa in the
hands of the Okinawans.� Their statement read:

~We refuse deployment to Okinawa. We will refuse to
be used as soldiers of aggression. As Japanese imperialism
is presently setting out for the second time to overwhelm
and slaughter the people of Asia, we soldiers of the JIETAI
must make a strong and fast unity with fighting workers,
farmers, and students. We soldiers are like all workers and
farmers; since history began the barracks of soldiers have
been filled with men oppressed, discriminated against, and

CHILDREN LET MB Sa
HEAR YA SAY "Ong! 4

: i ou
oVOLUNTEER FOR VIETNAM es
*})

jeaclee,

Frankfurt/Stuttgart, W.Germany (May)"While Nixon
escalated the war, an advertising campaign was mounted
on the Armed Forces Radio and Television in
Europe--oVolunteer for Vietnam! Higher Pay! No Income
Tax! More R&R!� The effort appears to have been a flop
because levies for Nam are coming down again. And
desertions are going up. (CAMP News)

BUY

forced to undergo every kind of injustice.�

On May 15, when Okinawa was formally turned over to
Japan, a mass rally was held in Naha, Okinawa to protest
the terms of the Reversion Treaty with students, labor
organizations, teachers, professional people and a group of
anti-war Gls and civilian supporters attending. One
American GI spoke at the rally and expressed his solidarity
with the five J] IETAI members.

Three days earlier, about 15 members of the US
military stationed on Okinawa burned copies of NixonTs«
Haiphong speech. (Omega Press and CAMP News)

NEED LEGAL HELP?

PACIFIC LEGAL
COUNSELING AID |
SERVICE ThereTs also sympathetic radical

lawyers around who dig on your

The people at Pacific Counseling fight and will help oyou out. ~They

rank and name

military address/unit

branch of service

military number

release date

Service know military law. They
can let you know what your rights
are, and back you up when you
have to fight to get them. They're
located in the States and in Asia.

SAN FRANCISCO: 1232 Market Street, room
104, [415] 431-8080 @ OAKLAND: 1733
Jefferson St., [415] 835-1039 @ TILLICUM,
WA.: Box 411, Tillicum [206]
582-9741 @ SAN DIEGO: 827 Fifth Street,
[714] 239-2119

OKINAWA: Box 447, Koza @ PHILIPPINES:

can be contacted at:

FT. ORD/MONTEREY: Military Law Project,
467 Alvarado Street, rm. 19, Monterey, phone:
[408] 373-2729 @ SAN FRANCISCO: Bay
Area Military Law Panel, 558 Capp Street, San
Francisco, phone: [415] 285-5066 @
PHILIPPINES: National Lawyers Guild
Military Law Office, PO Box 80, Makati
Commercial Center, Makati, Rizal @ JAPAN:
National Lawyers Guild Military Law Office,
Ishii Building 6"44, Kagurazaka, Shinjuku-ku,
Tokyo @ OKINAWA: Box 447, Koza

[ ] 1am a captive of the US Armed Forces and want to get this free.

[ ] | will distribute Bulkheads on base. Send me (5) (10) (25)
(50) (100)

[ ] I'm a civilian, who's enclosing $5 for 12 issues (donations are
welcome, folks).

a

HereTs the name and address of a friend in the service who ought to
be getting this paper:

Up Against the Bulkhead 968 Valencia San Francisco, California 94110

SUBIC: 57 Corpuz Street, Olongapo City,
phone: 5333 @ PHILIPPINES: CLARK:
1240 San Jose Street, Santa Maria Village,
Angeles City, phone: 2888 e@ JAPAN:
TOKYO: Ishii Building 6"44, Kagurazaka,
Shinjuku-ku, phone: 269-5082 @ JAPAN:
IWAKUNI: P.O. Box 49, Iwakuni-shi,
Yamaguchi-ken @ JAPAN: MISAWA: The
Owl, 2-4-9 Chuo Cho, Misawa-chi, Aomori-

ken @ JAPAN: FUSSA: First Amendment,

Yokota AFB, P"12, 2099, 3"5, 1 Chome/
Mushashe-no-dai @ JAPAN: YOKOSUKA:
Apt. 3"B, Yamaguchi Bldg., 1"1 Hinode Chuo,

Y ok osuka-shi

VETS RIOT AT CHICAGO JOB FAIR

Chicago (May 9)-Even though Chicago corporations had
no jobs to offer, they put ona Veterans Job Fair on May 9
to make it seem like they were trying to find jobs for
unemployed vets. But instead of offering jobs,

corporations offered guys a smile, a Coke, an application,

and a line: oDonTt call us; weTll call you.� As one vet wrote
in a Chicago underground neighborhood newspaper,
Rising Up Angry, oYou canTt support a family on an
application.�T

Men were lied to. One vet found the company which
laid him off the week before offering his old job to another

vet at less pay. People got angry, and started busting up
booths. Businessmen split. Riot cops arrived.

The same vet wrote, ~~A few brothers got up and rapped
about how we did all this fighting in Vietnam so the
corporations could make millions of dollars and then we
get back home and we canTt even get ajob...Brothers kept
saying if we risk our lives fighting in Vietnam for
something we donTt believe in, we can definitely risk our
lives fighting here for something better.�

Riot cops were everywhere. People split to the streets,
Several hundred vets, mostly black, marched through the
black community where the Amphitheatre was located,
singing oJobs now!� and oPower to the People.� Energies
were high.

The Chicago chapter of Vietnam Vets Against the War

(VVAW) is trying to pull this energy together. To contact
them, write to VVAW, P.O. Box 3746, Merchandise Mart,
Chicago, Ill. 60654. (Rising Up Angry)

ye m

EVOLUTION'S DARKEST HOUR

AIRMEN CHARGE GENERAL
WITH WAR CRIMES

Idaho (July)-Fourteen active duty Gls from Mountain
Home AFB have filed criminal charges against Lt. Gen.

John D. Lavelle and Gen. John D. Ryan, Chief of Staff of
the Air Force.

Gen. Lavelle has admitted, in front of members of
Congress, to ordering at least 28 bombing raids over North
Vietnam. He ordered these raids between Nov. 8, 1971
and March 8, 1972, directly in violation of orders from the
Commander-in-Chief (Herr Nixon) to halt all bombing
raids of the North. Lavelle also ordered documents to be
falsified in order to cover up the raids. He also stated that
given the chance under the same circumstances, oI would
do it again.�T

Gen. Ryan ordered an investigation, determined that

the evidence should be heard in court-martial proceedings,
but then never filed charges.

On LavelleTs charge sheet, airmen requested under
Article 135 that the President convene a Court of Inquiry
to determine if any person was killed as a result of the

raids. If so, the charge sheet specifies that Gen. Lavelle also
be tried for murder. (Helping Hand)

EFFECTIVE
IMMEDIATELY
Tot OINK
RE= OINK
OINK OINK
OINK OINK OINK
O1NIK. OINK OINK.
OINK GIVK. es

BLACK AMERICANS MARCH
IN AFRICAN LIBERATION DAY

Washington, D.C. (May 27)-Thousands of black
Americans took to the streets of Washington on May 27 to
demonstrate their support for African Liberation struggles
against Portugese colonialism in Angola, Mozambique and
Guinea-Bissau and against white minority regimes in
Zimbabwe (Rhodesia) and South Africa. A smaller
demonstration was held in San Francisco on the same day.

Approximately 20,000 people attended the march and
rally in Washington. They marched to three consulates,
the Portugese, Rhodesian and South African and then on
to the U.S. State Department with their message that the
U.S. must stop supporting the Portugese and white settler
regimes of southern Africa.

Among the speakers at the rally was Congressman Diggs
of Defroit who said that armed struggle was the only
recourse left to black people in southern Africa. Other
speakers called for black unity and for increasing political
involvement by black Americans. (LNS)

VIETNAMESE STUDENTS IN THE US

USA (1972)-Funny thing, but the US seems to be having a
hard time finding government leaders for South Vietnam
who will be both anti-communist and pro-American. Since
he needs puppets to guarantee US political control in the
South, they have to be created. What better way to otrain�T
these future leaders of South Vietnam than to bring them
to the United States and put them in college. Thieu, the
present tyrant-president of South Vietnam, was educated
in the States. So was Nguyen Cao Ky, president before
him. And so was Ngo Dinh Diem, president before Ky. The
leadership machine has produced puppets before.

But the government has been disappointed. South
Vietnamese students who have been enrolled in American
universities courtesy of the US government-sponsored
scholarships, have formed an anti-war organization called
THE UNION OF SOUTH VIETNAMESE STUDENTS IN
THE US.

Most come from families in the South with a history of
loyalty to the US. They have been screened for their
political views. They have been told that they will be
deported if they participate in political activity. At the
very least, deportation means imprisonment and
interrogation. At worst, it means death to the deportee
and his/her family.

In the face of those risks, the Union has openly
Organized sit-ins at the New York and San Francisco South
Vietnamese Consulates. They have participated in
anti-war marches, and speak publicly about their home
and the war.

In late June, one of the members of the Union, Nguyen
Thai Binh, hijacked a Pan Am jet to Hanoi. He had no
weapons, no bomb. He was shot down by an ex-cop and
thrown while still alive from the airplane by the pilot.

Thai Binh was killed, and his father imprisoned in the
South for weeks without any charges. Deportation
proceedings have been started by the Saigon government
against many members of the Union. They have asked for

support from Americans who oppose the war against their
people.

G00 DNESS!
WHAT NEXT ?

MEMORIAL DAY DEMO
IN GERMANY

Schweinfurth, W. Germany (May)"Over 100 Gls and
about 20 dependents, wives and children demonstrated
against the war here on Memorial Day. The Gls, black and
white, first met in a public park and then marched to
Ledwards Barracks, chanting ~Peace Now!,� o1,2,3,4, We
donTt want your fucking war!� Panicky MPs closed the
gate at the barracks, but the Gls continued their march
through the US Army housing area and the town to Conn
Barracks. A rally got underway and then Major Langston,
CO of the Rocket unit from which many of the brother
came, ordered 50 MPs to attack the demonstration. Many
Gls were hurt by the clubweilding MPs and several were
arrested, It is uncertain what the army intends to charge
them with. ~Guess peace is subversive,�T one participant
said.

The Gls included many active-duty Vietnam Vets who
have formed a chapter of Vietnam Veterans Against the
War (VVAW). Schweinfurth has had little ~political
activityT in the past; it seems that this quiet is over. Right
on! (CAMP News) :

11

ee aed

oe oan

PLANES GROUNDED AT
WILLOW GROVE NAS

Willow Grove NAS, Pennstlvania (May)"On May 30,
several US Air Force transport planes were grounded after
being damaged as they sat on a runway here. Certain
electrical, hydraulic, and mechanical components of the
planes were removed while other parts were made
inoperative. Also the words oBread Not Bombs,� and an Q
(resistance) sign and a peace sign were painted on the
fuselage of a plane visible from outside the base.

The CitizensT Commission to Interdict War Materiel
claimed credit for the sabotage. They said: oThis action
occurs appropriately on traditional Memorial Day, for we
best remember those killen in war by protecting the lives
and rights of those who are not yet its victims....We will
continue to work with many people, in diverse types of
actions, not only to impede the US war against Indochina,
but also to build a more just and humane society.� (CAMP
News)

VIET VETS FIGHT
GRAND JURY AND REPUBLICAN PARTY

Florida (July & August) " A federal grand jury in
Talahassee has indicted six Vietnam Veterans Against the
War (VVAW) members for allegedly planning an armed
attack on the Republican convention. Four other
members have been jailed for refusing to talk to the jury.
The government got its information from a paid FBI
informer who was VVAW regional coordinator for
Oklahoma and Arkansas. VVAW has a tape where the
informer admits that 95% of the evidence he gave was lies
designed to get more money from the FBI [Oink!] The
Nixon administration uses grand jury indictments to keep
people from the work they are doing.

Plans for caravans of vets headed for the Republican
convention went ahead anyway. The oLast PatrolT was
three caravans of vehicles traveling in convoy with lights
on from the West Coast, Midwest, and East Coast,
converging on Miami in time for the convention.

(First Casualty)

= IN

at

FLIGHT DECK demonstration aboard nuclear carrier Enterprise
saw more than 2500 crewmen unfurl this banner reading, oWe
on the Enterprise are proud to be Americans. We are equally as

The photo and caption above are right from the front page of NAVY TIMES (6/7/72).

ed States of America.�

proud to do our share and more for our great country, the Unit-

The voluntary demonstration was
Organized by Aviation BoatswainTs Mate First J.R. Mason.

photo by HC~7 Crewmember

It claims that 2500 men turned up for a pro-Navy,

pro-war demonstration on the USS ENTERPRISE. The photo below is of the same demonstration. Doesn't look like 2500 folks, does
it? We even believe that the only reason they bother to lie about the size is because of the strength of the SOS movement.

The

Movement
Grows

In
The

Fleet

continued from page 3

of the reputation it enjoys in the fleet: ~~When passing
through the Panama Canal, the USS SAVANNAh passed
us and guys were out on the main deck holding fists and
peace signs at us and cheering and whistling. The Nitro 7
were in the brig at the time and couldn't see the happening

on the SAVANNAH. It was beautiful. | hope the NITRO
broke the ice and more Navy follows in its wake.�

The only news to reach us from the attack carrier KITT Y
HAWK is of two officers who have turned in this wings.
They refuse to fly because they oppose the war. Because
the news is suppressed, we have received confirmation
through the Philippines of only one case, Lt. Jg G.
Robbins. a bombardier navigator in an A"6 fighter. Since
turning in his wings, Robbins has been released from active
duty. We know of groups of EMs on the KITTY HAWK
who are active in SOS [see letter page 2]. If you have
news, letus hear from you.

The attack carrier USS CORAL SEA returned from the
line on the 17th of July. The higher-highers of the city of
San Francisco sponsored a pro-war demonstration
complete with fire boats in the Bay, banners from the
Golden Gate Bridge, and a demonstration on the pier. But
the Peoples Blockade launched an anti-war armada. And
the SOS Civilian Support Group in San Francisco got on
base and raised up an SOS banner. Guys on the ship dug it
no end, returning the greetings with clenched fists and
peace signs. We know of EMsT strong-felt and widespread
resistance to the Navy and the war, but have no . ews as of
press time.

The USS ENTERPRISE, the NavyTs first nuclear attack
carrier, is now berthed in the San Francisco Bay Area.
With deployment only a couple of weeks away, and with
the rising popularity of the SOS movement aboard the
ship, the shipTs command has felt pressure from above to
oweed out dissenters� immediately. A letter from a friend
on board the ENTERPRISE seems to indicate that the
Captain will have to pull up his whole garden once he starts
weeding: o - and | spent some time talking to people
about how they felt, and we found where our support was.
People in all departments, Engineering, Reactor, Deck
Operations, and Air were all interested in helping. . . .�T

The SOS movement first surfaced publicly in mid-May
when brothers put out a forgery of the Plan of'the Day. It
was posted all over the ship before lifers got around to
reading it. Stickers soon appeared in heads, berthing
compartments, division spaces, bulkheads. Stickers
encouraged men to come to an Armed Farces Day picnic
on May 20. Men from the ORISKANY and ENTERPRISE
came, as well as airmen from Travis AFB GI group,
Liberated Hangar. For many crewmen, this was the first

chance theyTd had to rap with guys from another ship,
another branch of the military, or even another division.
Soon another forgery ~~appeared,T�T this once called ooSOS
Enterprises Ledger,�� an SOS forgery of the shipTs daily
paper, the USS Enteprise Ledger. The same friend writes,
oWe had a little trouble getting out the paper. The MAATs
were on our tail once they discovered the nature of the
content. But the paper was received well. The guys were
anxious to get copies, and were really bent when the pigs
took them away.�

The Navy has tried to cut off the SOS movement by
using shakedown inspections, courting stool pigeons, and
confiscating antiwar literature. Most recently, one brother
is being investigated for ~~sabotage.TT Twelve others are
under suspicion, whatever that means. The onew� Navy Is
behaving in the old predictable way again " implying
~oosabotageT�T to try to undermine a popular movement. ItTs
going to take more than that to shake men from their
deep-felt convictions about the war. This is one lesson the
NavyTs never going to learn.

Many guys joined the Navy because they thought it was
a way to avoid seeing war duty. Now with the Navy and
Air Force sharing primary responsibility for the war
against Indochina, itTs awhole new ballgame.

Doug Counard and Mike Koch are two sailors who
joined the Navy in 1968. The Navy had them thinking that
theyTd never see the war up close. In an interview with the
Bulkhead, Doug said, oMy idea of the Navy was what you
saw on TV. You know . .. World War II films.�T Mike told
the Bulkhead he saw the Navy as o~travel, excitement,
education ... not laying in a rice paddy in the mud, not
getting shot at.�T

But that was 1968. Doug and Mike got assigned to the
attack aircraft carrier USS ORISKANY a couple of years
later. Doug would see planes leave with bombs. oThen the
ORISKANY would pull into port and we'd see the same
ones [Asian people] youTre doing it to.� oIt was sick,�
added Mike. ~Once the Captain came on and gave the
bomb count and the Chaplain would pray that the bombs
would fall on target.TT

Mike and Doug refused to sail on what would have been
their second Asian cruise in June 1972. They said there
were two main stepping stones to that decision. One was
that ~~their� ships were responsible for the destruction of
many Indochinese people, most of them children and old
people too slow to make it to their bomb shelters in time.
Even if you couldnTt see the mayhem and destruction like
the sailor on the bridge of the BUCKLEY, the war was still
getting closer.

The second stepping stone was the US ships were
coming under attack from shore batteries, NVA gunboats,
and MIGs. Three sailors on the destroyer USS
BUCHANAN were killed two months ago when MIGs
attacked the ship. No longer was Navy duty a guarantee of
immunity from combat. When the number of ships on the
line off the coast of Vietnam doubled this spring, so did
Vietnamese resistance. So the Navy was in combat, all
right. And many of its sailors were afloat on some of the
worst rust buckets in the entire Navy. These experiences
have led to the rapid spread of the SOS movement
throughout the Fleet.

if you want to stay in touch with whatTs happening with
SOS on other ships and stateside, subscribe to the SOS
Newsletter. ItTs absolutely 100% free. Write to: 604
Mission Street, room 1001, San Francisco, CA.

An Open Letter
From An
Oriskany Brother

To Our Brothers Everywhere,

First of all let me explain to you who and what | am.
/'m just an average person from a small Southern town
who joined the Navy because it seemed like the thing for
me to do at the time. | was aware of the war and | knew
that the service was fucked, but, just like everyone else, /
wasn't capable of fully comprehending the situation. ItTs
something that must be experienced to understand.

Believe me man, ITve been through about the same
shit that you are going through now. The l/oneliness,
fear, uncertainty, the oppression, and even the bitterness
and hatred that you're feeling every day. ITve thought |
was going insane and ITve hated with more feeling than |
would have thought possible for a person to feel. But |
was always too afraid of what people would thing of me
(especially family) and too unwilling to voice my
opinions and feelings for fear of reprisals. But | am also
sure that | have finally overcome that fear. | can no
allow myself to be a murderer in the name of the people
and the country that | love. The people of Vietnam are
human beings just like us. They have minds just as
competent and feelings just as sincere. They are just as
capable of feeling pain, love, hatred, hunger, hurt,
ecstasy and anything else that we can feel. They can feel
love for their wives, children, friends, and even pets just
as we can. If they are hurt they feel pain. If they are cut
they bleed. All in all they are every bit as human as you
or |. For 2% years | have lived with this and ignored it
for the sake of my own sanity and well being, | thought.

But now !| will not ignore these things any longer.
Tomorrow morning at approximately 10:30, along with
9 other men and.supporters, | will voluntarily turn
myself over to the Navy for whatever punishment they
decide to give me. | refused to sail with the Attack
Carrier Oriskany on June 5th for deployment to
Vietnam. | will never again allow myself to be forced to
participate in this madness. And | am quite certain that
someday | can tell my future friends and children that |
refused to be a murderer simply because | allowed
myself to be ordered to do so. For the first time in my
life | am at peace with myself knowing that | am doing
what | truly know to be right.

Brothers, we are not alone any more. There are
millions of people who support and stand beside us. We
are the only ones who can end the oppression and
aggression in this world and we owe it to ourselves and
our brothers everywhere to stand on our own two feet
and bring it to an end.

We are everywhere and we are behind you to the end.
Your Brother, Ron Smith