History of Pender County, North Carolina







HISTORY OF PENDER COUNTY NORTH CAROLINAMATTIE BLOODWORTH











HISTORY OF PENDER COUNTY NORTH CAROLINA











Mattie Bloodworth

HISTORY of PENDER COUNTY NORTH CAROLINABY MATTIE BLOODWORTH
cornucopia plenty liberty icon decoration1947THE DIETZ PRINTING COMPANYRICHMOND, VIRGINIA




COPYRIGHT, 1947, BY MATTIE BLOODWORTH

PRINTED IN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

I DEDICATE THIS BOOK

TO THE MEMORY OF MY FATHER

ROBERT N. BLOODWORTH

WHO WAS CLOSELY ALLIED WITH PENDER COUNTY,

SOCIALLY AS WELL AS POLITICALLY.

TO MY GOOD FRIENDS

MRS. ELIZABETH LUCAS, SOLICITOR CLIFTON L. MOORE,

GEORGE F. LUCAS, JOHN T. WELLS

AND SUPERINTENDENT T. T. MURPHY

WHO INSPIRED ME TO COMPLETE

THIS WORK.






• PREFACE •

I HAVE undertaken to give some historical data of this section of North Carolina and principally Pender County.

In doing so, I have compiled this data in order to bring to the minds of the younger generations of our County some of the happenings that took place prior to the War Between the States—since that time—and for future reference relative to our County of Pender.

Pender is considered one of the most historic Counties in the State. I have not gone into extensive detail relative to occurrences or personalities, but have merely aimed to give some concise, authentic information that I have gathered from time to time.

MATTIE BLOODWORTH.






• CONTENTS •

Page
Dedicationiii
Prefacev
Forewordxiii
Pender County and Legislative Enactment1
FIRST COMMISSIONERS ELECTED2
FIRST COURT HELD IN COUNTY3
OFFICERS OF COUNTY3
THE ELECTION HELD FOR COUNTY SEAT5
COUNTY NAMED6
POPULATION7
BOUNDRY8
DRAINAGE8
CLIMATE9
SOILS9
AGRICULTURE10
FORESTS12
TOWNSHIPS13
OFFICIALS OF PENDER COUNTY, PAST AND PRESENT14
LEGISLATORS AND SENATORS REPRESENTING PENDER COUNTY SINCE ITS CREATION, 187516
PENDER COUNTY COURT HOUSE AND JAIL20
BURGAW22
COUNTY EXTENSION WORK26
TRANSPORTATION28
Early History30
THE WELCH TRACT30
EARLY SETTLERS31
IMMIGRANTS33
INDIANS34
PIRATES—BLACKBEARD36
MOSELEY HALL37
SWANN POINT38
WILLIAM S. ASHE39
THE NECK40
SLOOP POINT PLANTATION41
LILLINGTON HALL43
ALEXANDER LILLINGTON44
WILL OF ALEXANDER LILLINGTON46
MOORE'S CREEK NATIONAL MILITARY PARK49
MOORE'S CREEK BATTLE51
LETTER FROM RICHARD CASWELL TO PRESIDENT HARNETT52
AN INTERESTING EPISODE52
MOORE'S CREEK BATTLE GROUND PARK53
MONUMENTS OF MOORE'S CREEK NATIONAL PARK56
WOMEN'S MONUMENT57
PATRIOT CAMP62
TORY ADVANCE62






Page
EXECUTIVE ORDER63
RIVERS64
ORIGIN OF NAME CAPE FEAR65
THE NORTH-EAST CAPE FEAR RIVER66
PENDER COUNTY HEALTH DEPARTMENT67
THE WELFARE WORK68
Board of Education and Pender County Schools70
SUPERINTENDENTS70
EDUCATIONAL ADVANTAGES71
PENDER COUNTY SCHOOLS71
BURGAW WHITE SCHOOL73
ST. JOSEPH'S SCHOOL, ST. HELENA75
BRIEF HISTORY OF BURGAW NEGRO HIGH SCHOOL77
THE PENDER COUNTY NEGRO TRAINING SCHOOL79
Villages and Communities82
ATKINSON82
ST. HELENA83
HAMSTEAD85
WATHA86
CANETUCK86
ROCKY POINT87
BANNERMAN'S BRIDGE COMMUNITY89
BANNERMAN'S BRIDGE90
SMITH'S BRIDGE AND CROOM'S BRIDGE COMMUNITIES92
SHELTER NECK COMMUNITY93
SIX FORKS COMMUNITY94
MAPLE HILL95
SCOTT'S HILL96
LILLINGTON OR LONG CREEK97
THE BIG SAVANNAH OR WILD FLOWER GARDEN98
THE COASTAL PLAIN STATION101
INVERSHIEL103
BLUEBERRY FARM OF HAROLD HUNTINGDON105
THE BLUEBERRY INDUSTRY106
PENDERLEA HOMESTEADS107
CURRIE AND POINT CASWELL COMMUNITIES109
Clubs, Civic and Fraternal Organizations110
WOMAN'S CLUB110
LEGION POST111
THE AMERICAN LEGION AUXILIARY111
KING SOLOMON'S LODGE112
EASTERN STAR116
BURGAW LIONS CLUB117
The War Between the States and the Reconstruction Period and Names of Some of the Men Who Took Part in the Struggle119
THE WAR BETWEEN THE STATES119

Page
NAMES OF MEMBERS OF COMPANY K, 3RD INFANTRY ORGANIZED AT SIX FORKS, PENDER COUNTY123
LIST OF MEN WOUNDED AND DISCHARGED FOR DISABILITY127
LETTER WRITTEN 40 YEARS AFTER SURRENDER129
RECONSTRUCTION PERIOD130
CAPTAIN ROBERT MOTIA MCINTYRE132
CAPTAIN K. B. POWERS133
DR. WILLIAM THOMAS ENNETT133
R. P. PADDISON135
CAPTAIN DAVID WILLIAMS135
Churches of the County and How Organized137
PRESBYTERIANISM137
OLD CHURCHES AND HOW ORGANIZED138
OLD CHURCHES139
HOPEWELL, PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH140
MOUNT WILLIAMS PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH141
BURGAW PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH142
BURGAW METHODIST CHURCH143
ST. MARY'S EPISCOPAL CHURCH144
MACEDONIA METHODIST CHURCH145
BURGAW BAPTIST CHURCH146
ST. JOSEPH'S ROMAN CATHOLIC CHURCH147
Men who have passed on to the Great Beyond but who have recognition in the different lines of work which they so ably accomplished152
CHARLES MILLS GALLOWAY152
DR. PHILIP EDWARD LUCAS152
DR. ELISHA PORTER153
DR. PENDER PORTER154
HINTON JAMES155
WILL OF JOHN JAMES157
DR. SAMUEL SOLOMON SATCHWELL158
FIRST PRESIDENT OF STATE OF NORTH CAROLINA BOARD OF HEALTH460
DR. HANSON FINLA MURPHY161
REV. SAMUEL HENRY BELL162
PAUL DEEMS SATCHWELL163
DR. JOHN GERALD MURPHY164
R. K. BRYAN165
REV. D. B. BLACK166
DR. GEORGE F. LUCAS167
JOHN T. BLAND, SR.167
JOHN THOMAS BLAND, JR.168
DR. ROBERT HARRISS BRADFORD170
DR. WALTER COLTON MURPHY170
Some of Pender's Sons who have Achieved Success173
THE CONTRIBUTION OF THE MOORE'S CREEK ALDERMANS TO NORTH CAROLINA CITIZENSHIP174






Page
CHARLES MILLS GALLOWAY, JR.176
CHARLES MARION JOHNSON176
GEORGE FRANKLIN LUCAS177
HUMPHREY BROTHERS178
JOHN HENRY BURNETT179
HUGH MACRAE180
CLIFTON L. MOORE182
MRS. SETH L. SMITH183
DR. ROBERT J. WILLIAMS184
DR. WILLIAM IVEY TAYLOR, SR.184
WILLIAM ALEXANDER BROWN186
ROBERT GRADY JOHNSON186
JOHN S. COLLINS187
DAVID H. BLAND188
JOHN J. BEST189
DR. FRITZ EBERT189
DR. W. J. B. ORR190
HENRY L. JOHNSON191
JOHN THOMAS WELLS191
HON. GRAHAM A. BARDEN192
THURMAN TATE MURPHY193
JAMES V. WHITFIELD194
THOMAS LEROY LEE195
HERBERT JAMES HERRING196
GEORGE L. PADDISON197
GIBSON JAMES197
MRS. MARY COLVIN MURPHY198
PHILIP EDWARD LUCAS199
WILLIAM NORMAN COWAN199
DR. WILLIAM LUTHER HAND200
ROY ROWE201
Historical Markers203
HOME-COMING DAY205
ORIGIN OF NEGRO HEAD ROAD207
THE STATE FLAG OF NORTH CAROLINA216
First World War—Veterans219
World War II Veterans221
PENDER COUNTY LOCAL BOARD NO. 1221
IN MEMORIAM222
WORLD WAR II VETERANS (WHITE)223
YOUNG WOMEN OF PENDER IN SERVICE229
OUR NEGRO FRIENDS229
NEGRO VETERANS232
ROBERT N. BLOODWORTH236
HON. TIMOTHY BLOODWORTH237
TO MY FATHER AND MOTHER240

• LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS •

Page
MONUMENT TO GENERAL PENDER6
SCENE IN BEAN MARKET11
PENDER COUNTY COURT HOUSE AND JAIL19
JAIL, COMMUNITY AND RECREATION CENTER19
THE OLD PENDER COUNTY COURT HOUSE BUILT IN 186520
THE FIRST CITIZENS BANK AND TRUST COMPANY21
BUSINESS HOUSES OF HUMPHREY BROTHERS22
HARRELL'S DEPARTMENT STORE22
DEES DRUG STORE AND FARRIOR'S DEPARTMENT STORE23
FREMONT STREET BEFORE PAVING—OLD TOWN WELL24
FREMONT STREET AFTER PAVING25
THEATER, Chronicle OFFICE AND FRIENDLY CAFÉ26
THE OLD ALEXANDER LILLINGTON HOME43
MOORE'S CREEK RECONSTRUCTED BRIDGE50
ENTRANCE TO MOORE'S CREEK NATIONAL MILITARY PARK51
MONUMENT TO JOHN GRADY57
MONUMENT TO MARY SLOCUMB AND THE HEROIC WOMEN OF THE LOWER CAPE FEAR58
MONUMENT TO HON. JAMES FULTON MOORE60
NORTH-EAST CAPE FEAR RIVER67
THE BURGAW HIGH SCHOOL72
VENUS FLY TRAP98
COASTAL PLAIN STATION102
GRAZING ON BUR CLOVER AND OATS IN DECEMBER104
SCENE IN PACKING SHED, J. A. MURPHY'S BLUEBERRY FARM106
BURGAW PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH142
BURGAW METHODIST CHURCH144
SAINT MARY'S EPISCOPAL CHURCH145
BURGAW BAPTIST CHURCH146
TWO OF BURGAW'S LOVELY HOMES150
ONE OF THE OLDEST HOMES IN PENDER COUNTY151
HUGH MACRAE OF INVERSHIEL FARM, PROMOTER OF PENDER COUNTY FARM LANDS181
ROY ROWE202
LIVE OAK TREE204
THE HOME-COMING DAY207
THE NORTH CAROLINA FLAG216






• FOREWORD •

PENDER COUNTY, entirely agricultural, is the fifth largest County in the State, with countless acres of swamps and bays which are proving valuable assets as game preserves and also suitable soils for the growing of blueberries commercially. While more than ninety percent of its area is still undeveloped, it is generally recognized that Pender County has a large surplus of fine land for agricultural purposes.

We can also be proud of the excellent management of the County, which has never shown a deficit, and for years we have met our obligations promptly every thirty days.

Honor should go to whom honor is due: Thus, to our County Auditor, George F. Lucas, and our County Commissioners, who have steered this ship of the County for the past fifteen years or more in a most creditable and satisfactory manner, we pay this tribute.











PENDER COUNTY

THE settlement of the Lower Cape Fear was made in 1725, and the County of New Hanover was established in 1728. On February 16, 1875, by an Act of the General Assembly, Pender County was formed out of the Mother County, New Hanover. This is its origin.

The white inhabitants of what is now Pender, believing that a new county, excluding Wilmington, might be formed and successfully governed, gained the support of the substantial citizens of the section and boldly set out to accomplish this end. But not until the third attempt before as many State Legislatures did success finally crown the effort.

The first real active movement took place at a mass meeting held at Long Creek Village in 1873. Petitions were drawn up and circulated throughout the district to be segregated for the new county, and a legislative committee appointed to take the necessary steps in the premises. This committee consisted of Dr. Hanson Murphy, Dr. S. S. Satchwell, Dr. Elisha Porter, Mr. R. Beverly Frazier and Mr. R. K. Bryan, who represented the different districts.

The General Assembly at that time was Democratic and favorably inclined to the movement. There was but weak opposition. Under the title “An Act to establish a new County by the name of Pender,” the bill of but twenty-one lines of type passed and was ratified February 16, 1875. It reads as follows:

“The General Assembly of North Carolina do enact: That all that part of the County of New Hanover included within the following bounds, to wit: Beginning at Rich's Inlet on the Atlantic Ocean,






up the channel of that inlet, to the mouth of Foy's Creek, down said Creek to the Fork thereof, thence to the Junction of Old House Branch with Island Creek, down said Creek to the Northeast Branch of the Cape Fear River, down that River to the mouth of Fishing Creek, thence to the Junction of Black River with the Northwest Branch of the Cape Fear, up that branch to the Bladen County Line, and all that portion of New Hanover lying north of the said line, is hereby created into a separate and distinct County by the name of Pender.

“That the County Seat of said County shall be located at some point on the Wilmington and Weldon Railroad, now the Atlantic Coast Line Railway Company.

“This Act shall be in full force from and after its ratification, February 16, 1875.

“State of North Carolina, Office of the Secretary of State, Raleigh, North Carolina, February 20, 1875.

“WM. HOWERTON,

“Secretary of State.”

* * *

Section 2 of this Act reads:

“An election shall be held in the County on the third Thursday in April, 1875, A.D., for the purpose of electing a Clerk of the Superior Court, Sheriff, Treasurer, Register of Deeds, Surveyor, Five Commissioners and a Coroner, who, after having qualified, shall file bonds, as required by law. At the same time a township Board of Trustees shall be elected in each of the Townships in the County as they now exist—Caswell north and south, Columbia, Union, Lincoln, Holly, Rocky Point, Grant.”

Section 8 reads:

“The first meeting of the Commissioners shall be held at Rocky Point on the 5th Thursday, April 29, 1875, for the purpose of taking oath of office.”

The Commissioners elected were: W. H. French, C. H. Manning, A. V. Horrell, Daniel Shaw, and Miles Armstrong (Negro). This Board qualified before J. G. Wagner,

Justice of the Peace of New Hanover County. C. H. Manning was called upon to act as temporary Chairman.

On May 1 the Board of County Commissioners met to receive the bonds according to law. At the same time the Commissioners proceeded to vote on the location of the Superior Court, to be held on the second Monday in July, 1875. South Washington (now Watha) was chosen, and the first court held in the new County of Pender convened at that selected County seat on July 12, 1875, presided over by His Honor Judge A. H. McKoy, of Clinton, with Mr. W. S. Norment as Solicitor. The next session was held on the third Monday in December of the same year, the Judge of the Fourth Judicial District again presiding.

The Grand Jury was composed of the following citizens: William Burney, Virgil Carr (Negro), John W. James, Kinchen Bowen, Nelson King, William J. Brown, James W. Colvin, William Nixon, James Deal, Payton Page, Wiley Moore, B. T. Bloodworth, T. K. Wells, Anthony Wells (Negro), Isaac Ennett, L. C. Powers, John E. Picket and B. C. Larkins.

The Petit Jury was composed of the following citizens: Benj. Hendricks, Amos Flynn, L. N. Bowden, D. R. Rivenbark, Amos Atkinson, J. B. Croom, M. G. Chadwick, A. J. Huffham, S. H. Everett, Fred Jordan, M. C. Collins, S. D. Sherman, C. M. Taylor and W. B. Henry.

OFFICERS OF THE COUNTY

On the third Thursday in April, A.D. 1875, an election was held at Rocky Point for the purpose of selecting the officers of Pender County.

The first Clerk of the Court elected was C. M. Galloway; Register of Deeds, C. W. Manning; Sheriff, A. V. Horrell; Tax Collector, James McPherson; Treasurer, John A. Jones, Alfred Lloyd (Negro) was elected the First Representative to the Legislature from the new County of Pender.






Section 19, of the Act reads as follows:

“When a permanent seat of Justice shall be determined upon, according to the provisions of section twenty of this act, the County Commissioners shall proceed at once to procure by donation, or purchase, not less than ten or more than two hundred acres of land within one mile of the selected point, which land shall be conveyed to the Chairman of the Board of Commissioners and his successors in office, forever, for the use of said County, and, further, they shall take such action as may be necessary to have said land laid off in lots and streets of such size and width as they may deem right and proper in said town, which shall be called Cowan and shall be the seat of Justice of said County; and after designating such of said lots as shall be kept for public purpose, the said County Commissioners, after thirty days public notice made in such manner as they may deem best, shall expose lots, or such of them as they think should be sold, to public sale at auction or such credit as they may deem proper, with interest from date, payable to the Chairman of the County Commissioners of said County, who shall hold the same subject to the order of the Board, provided he shall require security on said bonds.”

Section 21 reads:

“After a location for a permanent seat of Justice shall have been selected and a Site procured for a location of the County Court House, it shall be unlawful for any person to sell any spirituous liquors within three miles of said location, and any person violating the provision of this section shall be deemed a misdemeanor and a fine of $50 or thirty days’ imprisonment imposed.”

Section 22 reads:

“That this act shall be in force from and after its ratification and all laws and clauses of laws inconsistent with its provisions are hereby repealed.

“In General Assembly read three times and ratified this 8th day of March 1875.

“J. L. ROBINSON,

“Speaker of the House of Representatives.”

“R. F. ARMFIELD,

“PRESIDENT OF SENATE,

“STATE OF NORTH CAROLINA, OFFICE OF SECRETARY OF STATE

“RALEIGH, March 9th, 1875.

“I hereby certify that the foregoing is a true copy of the original act on file in this office.

“WILLIAM H. HOWERTON,

“Secretary of State.”

The Act of the General Assembly provided that the people living in Pender County should hold an election and decide at what point on the Railroad the County seat should be fixed.

Jim Heaton, the Carpet Bag Clerk of the Superior Court of New Hanover County and leader of hosts against the new creation, having been badly beaten in his efforts to defeat it, determined to do all he could to bring dissatisfaction to the fruition of the measure by putting the County site at an undesirable place. He and his henchmen determined on South Washington, now Watha, as the proper place to be chosen and harrangued the voters in Pender to do their bit to make this place their political center. Heaton succeeded. For about two years the Courts and County business was transacted there and the old two-story wooden building owned by a Mr. Rivenbark, which was used as offices and Court House, still stands.

When the election was held for County Seat and the vote counted, Burgaw received 1,144 votes, South Washington (now Watha) 1,124, Rocky Point, 225, Leesburg (now Willard) 126, Asheton 91, Lillington (now Long Creek Village) 72, and Point Caswell 1.

It is also understood that twenty years prior to this act of the Legislature, there was an effort to create the County of Lillington, embracing the same territory, but the General Assembly left it to the vote of the people, whether the act should be ratified or not, and the movement was defeated.






County Named

The County of Pender was named for General William Dorsey Pender of the Confederate States Army, who was made a Brigadier General in the Civil War in 1864.

General Pender received the last order ever given by “Stonewall” Jackson. “You must hold your ground,” he cried as he was being carried off after having been seriously wounded by North Carolina troops whom he had posted to guard a road with strict orders to fire on any person who appeared on that road. Stonewall Jackson was killed by his own men who mistook him for a Yankee.

MONUMENT TO GENERAL PENDER
The unveiling of this Confederate Monument took place on Wednesday,
May 27, 1914. Judge Walter Clark of Raleigh delivered the dedicatory
address. This memorial was given by the Pender County Chapter, Daughters
of the Confederacy, in honor of General Pender and our Pender County
Confederate soldiers.
Pender County was named for General William Dorsey Pender, Dr. Elisha
Porter, a Confederate Veteran of Rocky Point having the honor of naming
the County for the General under whom he fought during the War Between
the States.

General Pender was notified on the field of Battle by President Davis of his promotion to Major General for most distinguished gallantry.

When the Act of the Legislature ratifying the formation of the new County was completed, the Committee fostering the ratification gave Dr. Elisha Porter of Rocky Point the privilege of naming the County. As Dr. Porter had been in the regiment of North Carolina soldiers commanded by General Pender, he gave the new County the name of Pender. On this same date there was born to Dr. and Mrs. Porter a son and he was named Pender Porter.

In commemoration of General Pender the United Daughters of the Confederacy of Burgaw jointly with the County, erected a monument—a Confederate Soldier—a replica of the General—which stands at the intersection of Wright and Fremont Streets.

The plaque on the lower pedestal of the monument was given by the son of General Pender who had it made in Italy and it is an exact counterpart of the General as he appeared in life.

Population

Population17,810(1940 Census)
White10,119
Negro7,591
Foreign born100
Area857square miles

County Seat—Burgaw.

Highways—U. S. No. 17, 117, 421. State No. 53, 602, 401.

Railways—The Atlantic Coast Line R.R.

Waterway—Atlantic Coastal Inland Waterway—Government owned.

Principal Towns—Burgaw, Atkinson, Rocky Point, Willard, Watha, Currie, Scotts Hill, Hampstead, Maple Hill, St. Helena, Six Forks Community and Penderlea Farms.






Pender County is one of the larger counties of the State, containing 857 square miles or 548,480 acres. The elevation of the County varies from sea level to about 65 feet. The surface consists of level and very gently rolling land, with dominantly flat, broad upland areas, some of which are locally termed “Savannahs,” bays and pocosins.

Boundary

Pender County has a seashore line of about fifteen miles of beautiful beach and is bounded on the north by Duplin County, on the west by Sampson and Bladen Counties and on the south by Columbus, Brunswick and New Hanover Counties and on the east by the Atlantic Ocean and Onslow County.

Pender County has a gradual slope to the south and southeast. The highest elevations are in the northwest. At Atkinson the elevation is 63 feet above sea level, Willard, 51 feet. The southwest slope of Angola Bay is from one to three feet to the mile, the elevation being 32 feet on the northern boundary of the County and 16 feet near Croom's Bridge.

Its position above sea level is most favorable for general farming.

Drainage

The County is drained southward by the waters of the north-east Cape Fear River. Holly Shelter Pocosin occupies a large part of the southeastern section and from it flow numerous creeks into the above-mentioned river, while others flow directly into the Atlantic Ocean. In the central portion and in a larger part of this great Pocosin, which contains about one hundred square miles, are considerable tracts of white oak flats, cane brake and swamps with their characteristic growths and soils.

In the northeastern section lies the half of another similar

pocosin nearly as large, called Angola Bay, and in the center of the western half of the County is a third but smaller swamp of the same general character.

The western side of the County, for the breadth of six to eight miles, belongs to the region of the upland piny woods—the principal growth being long leaf pine, with an undergrowth of oaks, hickory, dogwood, etc. and a sandy soil.

Along the streams are generally alluvial belts or swamps and oak flats which are the corn lands of the County.

A savannah known as “the Big Savannah,” of several square miles, is found in the upper end of the County which merges northward into a barren pocosin of still greater extent.

Climate

The climate of Pender County is mild and the soil is well adapted to any crop that one cares to grow, and we have diversified crops grown within its boundary.

The climate of Pender, which borders the seacoast, is more favorable for agriculture than that of the near-by interior counties.

There is an annual mean temperature of 63° with extremes from 5° to 103°, while the annual rainfall averages 51.5 inches with a precipitation of about 84 inches during the wettest year, and about 35 inches during the driest year recorded. The snow falls are very light and usually of short duration.

The average date of the first killing frost in the autumn is November 15, and of the last in the spring, March 27th.

Soils

The soils of Pender County are derived from the materials which were brought down from the Piedmont and Appalachian regions and deposited while this section was






beneath the sea. Since its emergence weathering erosions and drainage have resulted in the formation of three important soil series—Norfolk, Portsmouth and Parkwood soils. The topography of Pender is generally uniform and lies wholly within the Coastal Plain Region of North Carolina. Twenty-three soils are mapped in Pender. The soils of the Coastal region are generally clay, silt and sand, with a predominance of these characteristics here and there. The most extensive and important soil series are the Norfolk and Portsmouth. The Parkwood series is also prominent, but the types constituting it occupy a comparatively small total area.

It is said that the main distinguishing feature of the Parkwood series is the underlying limestone and marl materials which influence the subsoils of these types. Marl and limestone rock underlies the County between Lane's Ferry and Rocky Point.

In the western part of the County is found the far famed black lands, sometimes called the “Wonder Lands.” The largest area of muck lands, coming from the decay of vegetable matter, occupy Angola and Holly Shelter Bay.

Agriculture

Perhaps no county in North Carolina has a greater diversification of crops than Pender County.

In addition to the staple crops, many truck crops are grown which bring in money at a season of the year when it is most needed by the farmers.

The first crops grown in this region were corn, sweet potatoes, peas and some wheat, oats, and the peanut. A little rice was grown and some few farmers still grow it for their own use but never on an extensive scale as at one time in New Hanover County and further south where they maintained rice fields.

Cotton has been the staple crop and was grown quite extensively until the boll weevil made its appearance. Corn is grown in all parts of the County and has a larger total acreage than any other crop.

SCENE IN BEAN MARKET

Tobacco is grown to a greater extent than in the early years of the County, with the acreage increasing from year to year.

Strawberries have been among the main truck crops of small fruits and are grown practically all over the County as well as the blueberry, which is being cultivated more extensively from year to year and is one of the best money makers for the farmers.

Lettuce is an important crop for early shipment, as well as






the string bean which is an abundant crop throughout this section. Burgaw being considered the largest bean market in the world.

According to the Census Bureau of the Department of Commerce, many men have returned to farming during the last five years. This important agricultural development is evidenced by a large gain in number of farms in this County—2,508 reported in 1935 as compared with 1,984 on April 1, 1930.

In Pender we have many natural resources. While they do not and are not calculated to produce great wealth they do bring in small incomes. Among the most valued asset in an agricultural way are the marl beds referred to which underlie about five thousand acres of land around Rocky Point.

Forests

About eighty percent of Pender County's acreage abounds in forests of short leaf, loblolly and long leaf pine, several different kinds of oak, black gum and sweet gum, dogwood, birch, maple, ash, walnut, hickory nut, cypress and sycamore. It is estimated that the standing timber amounts to 150,000,000 feet. A large part of the County was forested with long leaf pine and the production of naval stores became an important factor when turpentining was begun about 1868 and continued on a large scale until about 1885 attaining its highest development about 1875.

The rosin industry was also important and following the turpentine and rosin industries, lumbering began to assume some importance. In the region of the North-East River, logs were rafted and are still rafted down this river into other streams to Wilmington where they are sawed into all kinds and grades of lumber.

These occupations have always been rather profitable as the cheapness of land has permitted large individual holdings, but since forest fires have been so prevalent and the

trees of all kinds have been used for commercial purposes, the turpentine and tar business has been pretty much abandoned, except in a few sections where the turpentine trees have been left for this purpose and have also been replaced by replanting.

The pulp wood business throughout the County has somewhat reduced the timber acreage.

The hunting facilities are great as the forests abound in all kinds of game, such as deer, squirrel, fox, wild turkeys, bear and many other wild animals, also many kinds of birds. There are several hunting lodges scattered over the County and many hunting preserves are owned by people at a distance who come down for this sport once or twice a year.

Townships

When the Townships of Pender County were first formed and named after the war, the Republicans were in power and the Townships were named after prominent Republicans. For instance: Burgaw Township was named after Governor Holden and called Holden.

Topsail Township was named after General Grant.

Long Creek Township was named for President Lincoln and called Lincoln.

These names proved distasteful to the Democrats after they came into power and they changed them to their present names:

Burgaw Township was called after the town which was named for the Tribe of Indians who inhabited this section.

Canetuck Township a section of the County that produces Cane Grass.

Caswell Township was called after General Caswell of Revolutionary fame.

Columbia Township—The Gem of the Ocean.

Grady Township after the only Whig John Grady who fell in the battle of Moore's Creek 1776.






Holly Township was called after the Creek Holly Shelter, which derived its name during Revolutionary times when their soldiers camped under holly trees where they found shelter.

Long Creek Township took its name from the Long Creek.

Rock Point Township, which embraced all lands east of the railroad to the river, was called Rocky Point.

Topsail Township took its name from Topsail Sound.

Officials of Pender County—Past and Present

Sheriffs
A. V. HorrellRepublican1875 to 1876
A. H. PaddisonDemocratDec. 1876 to 1880
A. C. WardDemocrat1880 to 1886
E. M. JohnsonRepublican1886 to 1888
K. F. PowersDemocrat1888 to 1902
W. W. AldermanDemocrat1902 to 1910
W. R. AtkinsonDemocrat1910 to 1916
R. T. MurrayDemocrat1916 to 1922
A. W. KingDemocrat1922 to 1928
J. T. BrownDemocrat1928 to 1944

Clerks of Court
C. M. GallowayRepublican1875 to 1882
W. T. BannermanDemocrat1882 to 1898
J. B. MooreRepublican1898 to 1912
W. W. LarkinsDemocrat1912 to 1918
J. F. JohnsonDemocrat1918 to 1930
S. V. BowenDemocrat1930 to 1934
J. T. WellsDemocrat1934 to 1935
J. I. Moore (Unexpired term J. T. Wells)1935 to 1942
Josh James (D. Murphy unexpired term Josh James)1942
DeVane Murphy1944

Registers of Deeds
C. H. Manning1875
I. H. BrownRepublican1876 to 1882
A. E. TaylorRepublican1882 to 1898
J. P. StringfieldDemocrat1898 to 1900
W. M. Hand (Unexpired time J. B. Black)1903 to 1906
F. T. CroomDemocrat1906 to 1908
R. I. DurhamDemocrat1908 to 1914
J. B. DavisDemocrat1914 to 1922
Clarence CarrDemocrat1922 to 1924
Rena Scott filled unexpired term Clarence Carr
D. H. MarshburnDemocrat1924 to 1934
Hugh WalkerDemocrat1934 to 1945

County Commissioners, 1945

Kenneth Pigford, Chairman, J. F. Bradshaw, Albert Page.

County Attorney—Leon Corbett

Tax Collector—Roy Bradshaw

Clerk—Mrs. Calla Bordeaux

County Auditor—George F. Lucas

Constable and Deputy Sheriff—Raymond Bell, Sr.

Coroner—Harvey Blake

Recorder's Court of Pender County
Clifton L. MooreJudge1931 to 1936
John J. BestSolicitor1931 to 1936
Claude McCullenJudge1936 to 1939
Leon H. CorbettSolicitor1936 to 1939
Claude McCullenJudge1940 to 1942
John J. BestSolicitor1940 to 1942
Leon CorbettJudge1942 to 1943
John J. BestSolicitor1942 to 1943

Judge McCullen was called into the Army October 1942,






Leon H. Corbett being appointed to fill out the unexpired term.

J. J. Best, being appointed Special Assistant Federai Attorney, resigned as Solicitor and Mr. Sanderson of Wallace was appointed to fill his place until I. S. Bowen was made Judge in 1944 with Leon H. Corbett as Solicitor.

Justice of the Peace—A. C. Blake

Pender County Bar Association
Clifton L. Moore, District Solicitor
Leon H. CorbettWyatt BlakeClaude E. McCullen
I. S. BowenJ. J. BestPhilip E. Lucas

Town Council
W. C. Myers, MayorWillie George, Sr.
O. G. Ferrell, ClerkW. C. Dicksey
T. J. BradshawJep Casey
D. O. Matthews

Legislators and Senators Representing Pender County Since Its Creation, 1875

Twelfth District
LEGISLATORSPARTYSENATORS
1876 Year
H. Alfred Lloyd, Negro(R)W. H. Moore, New Han.
1879
T. J. Armstrong(D)R. K. Bryan, Jr. (D)
1881
W. E. Cowan(R)H. E. Scott (R)
1883
R. B. Frazier(D)H. E. Scott, New Hanover
1885
J. T. Bland(D)W. H. Chadbourn, N. H.

1887
R. M. Croom(R)C. P. Lockey, N. H. (R)
1889
R. C. Johnson(D)Fred. B. Rice, N. Hanover
1891
R. C. Johnson(D)J. D. Bellamy, New Han.

Ninth District
1893
R. C. Johnson(D)T. J. Armstrong
1895
R. M. Croom(R)A. H. Paddison (D), Pen.

District changed, Duplin, Pender, Wayne
1897
Gibson James(D)H. L. Grant, Wayne
1899
Gibson James(D)Frank A. Daniels, Wayne
1901
J. R. Bannerman(D)Joe T. Foy (D), Pender

Changed to Tenth District
1903
Joe T. Foy(D)A. D. Hicks (D), Duplin
1905
E. A. Hawes, Jr.(D)J. F. Moore (D), Pender
1907
T. H. Wells(D)Thomas Perrett (D), Dup.
1909
Joe T. Foy(D)E. A. Hawes, Jr. (D) Pen.
1911
W. W. Alderman(D)R. D. Johnson (D), Duplin

Changed to Ninth District
1913
Joe T. Foy(D)E. A. Hawes, Jr., Pender






1915
J. B. Scott(D)R. D. Johnson, Duplin
1917
J. B. Scott(D)J. H. Burnett, Pender
1919
Jeff D. Hocutt(D)Dr. R. L. Carr, Duplin
1921
Leslie N. Johnson(D)W. A. Brown, Pender
1923
W. H. Lewis(D)Emmett Bellamy, N. Han.
1925
C. D. Murphy(D)L. N. Johnson, Pender
1927
J. T. Wells(D)R. D. Johnson, Duplin Co.
1929
J. T. Wells(D)R. G. Johnson, Pender
1931
R. G. Johnson(D)W. B. Campbell, N. Han.
1933
R. G. Johnson(D)W. A. Brown, Pender
1935
R. G. Johnson(D)R. D. Johnson, Duplin
1937
J. J. Best(D)Roy Rowe, Pender
J. D. Johnson, Jr., Sampson
1939
A. H. Davis(D)Emmett Bellamy, N. Han.
1941
Charles McGowen(D)Roy Rowe, Pender
J. D. Johnson, Jr., Duplin
1943
Roy Rowe(D)J. E. L. Wade, New Han.
1945
Vivian Whitfield(D)Row Rowe, Pender
Henry L. Vann, Sampson

PENDER COUNTY COURT HOUSE AND JAIL. ERECTED DURING 1935 AND 1936. DEDICATED NOVEMBER 6, 1936.

JAIL, COMMUNITY AND RECREATION CENTER IN DISTANCE.






THE OLD PENDER COUNTY COURT HOUSE BUILT IN 1885. DISMANTLED 1935.

Pender County Court House Pender County Jail

In March, 1878 the County Commissioners accepted from the Wilmington and Weldon Railroad Company, (now the Atlantic Coast Line Railway) fifty acres of land for a town site.

On July 4th, 1885 the corner-stone of the first Court House and Jail were laid and built during that year. Each of the old buildings have been dismantled and torn down and new modern structures stand on the same sites on which the first buildings were erected.

Prior to the building of the jail in 1885 there was an old wooden building of one or more rooms known as the “calaboose” which stood across the railroad. After Burgaw was voted the most central point at which to have the County

BURGAW BOASTS OF ITS BANKING BUSINESS
The First Citizens Bank and Trust Company was organized and began
business here in December 1934 with deposits around $400,000.44 Since its
organization the Bank has increased its earnings to $1,500,000.00, and a
steady increased earning, from year to year.

seat, the Court House used was an old two-story wooden building which had long been used as a store and a school room, but it became necessary to use the same for offices and a court room. This building was on the corner where the bank now stands. In 1935 the Commissioners decided to build a larger and more commodious Court House, so the one, built in 1885, was dismantled and on November 6, 1936 the laying of the corner-stone for the new building, and one year later, November 7, 1937 the dedication of the new building took place with a most elaborate program and many notables attending.

Our present jail is operated by the Sheriff who takes care of the offenders of the law. The lower part of the jail is furnished by the encumbent and while the rooms are small they are quite habitable.






BUSINESS HOUSES OF HUMPHREY BROS., HARRELS DEPARTMENT STORE.

Burgaw

Burgaw, the County seat of Pender County, is situated near the center of the County and is the principal town. Burgaw has a population of about 1,500 inhabitants. The town was called Cowan from an old family who had lived in this section for many years and who owned a large portion of land in this section.

When Burgaw was voted upon as the most central point, the permanent location for the Court House was designated to be in the center of plot bordering Fremont and Wright streets, where the present Court House now stands.

The town site was given by the Wilmington and Weldon Railroad Company, now the Atlantic Coast Line. Burgaw was a flag station at that time and for many years afterward, though a post office was maintained here in 1858. The town was named by the Donors after a tribe of Indians called the Burghaws, who inhabited the eastern part of the County and also lived along the North-East Cape Fear River below

DEES DRUG STORE AND FARRIORS DEPARTMENT STORE.
Rocky Point. The railroad which was first called the Wilmington and Raleigh Road, was changed to the Wilmington and Weldon, then to the Atlantic Coast Line, which was built through here in 1835 and ’36.

The Town Charter was granted by the General Assembly in 1879 according to Private Laws, Chapter 23. The Charter was amended in 1887 as to general provision which was amended again by Private Laws in 1907 as to town limits. Amended in 1909 as to streets and sidewalks, amended again in 1913 as to beverages, streets and sidewalks. Amended in 1937 as to Town limits, constituting two square miles instead of two miles square, north, south, east and west. After the creation of the County, and Burgaw made the County seat, some few farmers built homes and moved their families here, even though they continued to grow crops and farm as heretofore on their plantations, as many of them do at the present time.

There was no place of worship here at that time and no public school. A committee of citizens got together and






FREMONT STREET BEFORE PAVING AND OLD TOWN WELL.
erected a two-story building, calling it the Academy, which was placed at the intersection of Fremont and Cowen Streets and later moved onto a lot. This house at that time was used for church services, Sunday School, dances or any public gathering when school was not in session. The length of a term of school at that time was around three to four months at the longest, the patrons paying tuition for their children.

The people who moved into this section at that time were not an illiterate class but mostly a fine type, rather well educated, good substantial people, and this was considered a Christian community when people remembered the Sabbath day to keep it holy.

At that time there was an old wooden two-story structure which had been used as a store. This was converted into the Court House, using the rooms down-stairs for offices and the upper room for the convening of Court. This building stood where the Bank now stands and was used as the House of Justice until 1885 when the corner-stone was laid for the first Court House. This was wrecked and torn down in

FREMONT STREET
1935, and where the present Court House now stands, we find one of the handsomest in the State, which was dedicated November 7th, 1937.

The town has grown quite slowly but substantially with the majority of the residents owning their homes. The town is well laid out in a most systematic manner and is one of the prettiest little towns in the State, its beauty being enhanced by its majestic shade trees and the handsome Court House Park. Too, Burgaw is in the midst of one of the most productive farming sections of eastern North Carolina and the railroad and bus facilities are equal to any section, all produce being shipped direct to northern markets.

The business district consists of a number of retail and wholesale business houses which are creditably maintained.

The town is systematically and conveniently laid out with wide streets running north and south, east and west. Those running north and south or parallel with the railroad are as follows: McCullen, Johnson, Smith, McRae, Dickinson, Wright, Walker, Cowan, Moore. East and west: Williams,






THEATER, Chronicle OFFICE AND FRIENDLY CAFÉ
Hayes, Satchwell, Fremont, Wilmington, Bridgers, Ashe, Wallace, Drane.

Burgaw has an up-to-date theater owned and operated by one of Pender's most progressive sons, Roy Rowe.

The amusement company which furnishes equipment for around six or seven counties has its offices here in Burgaw under the management of M. N. Bostic.

County Extension Work

The County Extension Farm Work was organized and began operating in Pender County in the year 1914. The Agents are as follows:

July 1914 to Fall 1915G. H. Highsmith
Fall 1917 to early Spring 1920R. T. Melvin
Late Fall 1921 and early Winter 1922J. R. Powell
Few months in 1922W. L. Swan
Late Summer 1922 to December 1925C. M. James
1925 to 1935W. H. Robbins

1936 for 3 monthsC. V. Morgan
1937-38-40-41-42-44R. R. Rich

The Extension Work in Pender County, as planned, has been a beneficial factor in the success and life of the average farmer, instilling ideas and helps which have greatly benefited every section of the County.

There have been organized nine Four-H Clubs or five hundred and sixty members who have been taught gardening, poultry and live stock production and how to develop their own bodies as to health. These Clubs are located in the High Schools at Hampstead, Burgaw, Long Creek, Atkinson, Penderlea, also Maple Hill and Rocky Point, and their motto is “the development of hands, head, health and heart.” These clubs have neighborhood leaders to assist in the development of different projects desired and undertaken. Every summer these boys and girls enjoy one week of different kinds of recreation at some popular camp.

In connection with the Extension work, new dairies are being built throughout the County, Penderlea having six, Van Eden four, St. Helena eight with an avenage of twenty cows to the dairy, all milk going into the war effort. Also there are other dairies scattered over the County.

The Pender County Swine Growers Association of Pender County under the supervision of the Extension Work consists of the principal farmers of the County and the following officers constitute the Board of Directors:

L. R. BradshawPresident
Roland BatsonVice-President
A. A. McLendonSecretary and Treasurer
Emma BryanAssistant Secretary and Treasurer
R. R. RichAdviser

DIRECTORS

J. H. McMillan

E. T. Batson

J. W. Rivenbark






In 1938 the Swine Growers Association shipped 6,003 hogs with a net income of $96,000.00 which was distributed among our farmers, not taking into consideration hogs which have been used by independent concerns, such as sausage plants, which use around 6,000 hogs, and for home consumption, aside from the number that were shipped independently to Northern markets.

In 1941 there were 579 hogs @ $15.67, making a total of $9,073.30, and in 1942 up to November 1st, 1,427 hogs @ $27.52, making total of $38,278.47, distributed to the farmers of the County by the Swine Growers Association, which does not handle all hogs raised in the County.

In 1943 there were 2,886 hogs sold, totaling $83,344.10 distributed, making a grand total for the past six years of $291,820.70. It is understood that this year (1944) there will be an increase in the number of hogs notwithstanding competition with outside influences.

In 1944 there were 2,405 hogs shipped through the Pender County Swine Growers Association, which totaled the amount of $69,336.91 received by the farmers of the County.

Transportation

The Transportation facilities of Pender County are very good. Three branches of the Atlantic Coast Line Railway from Wilmington cross the County. The Wilmington and Norfolk Branch extends through the center of the County, the Wilmington and New Bern branch parallels the coast in a northeasterly direction and the Yadkin Division crosses the western section of the County in a northwesterly direction. Solid Express trains and Refrigerator trains are operated during the trucking season.

Burgaw, Rocky Point, Watha and Willard are within eighteen to twenty-four hours of New York and nearer to other good markets.

We also have established bus routes on all highways, north, south, east and west, as Pender County is traversed in every direction with well kept highways, all maintained by the State Highway and Public Works Commission.

The Cape Fear, Black, North-East Cape Fear, Rivers and some of the larger creeks are navigable and considerable timber and freight have been transported on these waters.

On the Eastern boundary of Pender is the Atlantic Coastal Inland Waterway owned by the U. S. Government, which is used for transportation by small craft.

The Railroads and navigable streams afford ample facilities for the transportation of all products.

Burgaw and the other towns afford good markets for all truck crops and farm products of every kind. Practically all of the truck crops are shipped to Northern markets, mainly New York, Philadelphia, Pittsburgh, Baltimore, Washington and to the New England States.

The Burgaw Airport Commission was organized on Tuesday, June 20th, 1944, with Senator Roy Rowe, Chairman, J. R. Lewis, Secretary and Treasurer. Members: J. F. Bradshaw, E. N. Pearsall, C. F. Mallard, Leon Corbett as Consulting Attorney. The Air port was inspected and opened for business Wednesday, October 11th, 1944.






EARLY HISTORY

ON Monday, October 12th, 1663, according to historical records, a boat named The Adventure came to anchor a second time in what was called The Cape Fear Roads. The explorers proceeded to examine lands along the rivers. Their main river was our North-East Cape Fear. Along this river they named Turkey Quarter, Rocky Point and Stag Park—names that have been perpetuated to this day.

According to historical records a Spaniard by the name of Verroyzani landed on what is now Pender County soil.

When Hilton was sent out by Sir John Yeamans to explore the shores of this North American Continent, he discovered the mouth of the Cape Fear River and entered it. On ascending the river as far as the junction of its two main branches, now known as the North-East and North-West branches, he too selected the North-East branch as the most inviting for more extended explorations.

The Welsh Tract

A few years prior to 1725 New Hanover County (which is now Pender) remained in a dormant state because the Lord's Proprietors forbade any settlement on the Cape Fear River. During that year (1725) a tract of land was laid out for the Welsh settlers which comprised the lands lying between Rockfish Creek on the north, to the northeast Cape Fear River, on the east down where the road crosses the river going into New Hanover, that section of land east of the Railroad. According to Foote's Sketches of North Carolina,

this settlement along the North-East River was composed first of Welch emigrants, but after a short time other families were located on the tract and there were associated families enough to form a congregation sufficiently large to invite the services of a minister.

Among the Welch settlers were three brothers by name of Bloodworth—James, Timothy and Thomas—a patriotic trio of Welchmen with less than no love for the English, for the very good reason they represented the original people of the British Isles, whose ancestor, Julius Cæsar, fought in the conquest of Gaul, their fatherland.

John James, the father of Hinton James, was also a Welchman and lived on what is now Highway No. 117, near Washington Creek.

Also the name of this tract probably arose from the settlement therein of the colony of Welch farmers who came to North Carolina in 1730 to secure cheap lands in this newly opened area. This group included young Meredith, joint founder with Franklin of the Saturday Evening Post, and two of whose letters describing the Carolina Territory were published by Franklin in the Post in 1731 and created considerable interest in New England, resulting in attracting to the Eastern Cape Fear area many worthy settlers from the older colonies. Significant of the correctness of this surmise is the present existence of the name Meredith, though pronounced with the accent on the middle syllable. This name is still found in the Chinquapin area of Duplin County.

Early Settlers

The territory which comprises Pender County was the scene of some of the earliest settlements in this section of North Carolina and the primary cause of this early settlement was not religious freedom, as most North Carolinians will tell you, but for the search of “good bottom lands.”






The rich alluvial bottom lands of Pender were most alluring to the Englishmen seeking homes in America, offering as they did a soil of well-nigh exhautless fertility, timber of the finest quality, and easy access by water to the sea.

England at that time was about the only market the Colonists had for their products. The rivers were the great highways, both for travel and commerce. After this section began to be visited and settlements made by emigrants from Europe, and other provinces as heretofore mentioned, among the earliest places that attracted attention was Stag Park, the highest point reached along the North-East River. According to tradition the explorers on reaching that point saw a herd of deer on a handsome bluff which overlooked the stream, standing among a magnificent park of forest trees. They gazed with startled amazement at this sight and called it Stag Park which name has been retained to this day.

Stag Park was first located or patented by George Burrington, then Governor of the Province of North Carolina. After having disgraced himself in America, Burrington returned to England and, having contracted a debt to a Mr. Strudwick, for which he mortgaged Stag Park estate of 10,000 acres, Mr. Strudwick sent his son from England to look after his property thus acquired in this country. Stag Park was sold about the year 1817 for division and was purchased by Ezekiel Lane, Esquire. Ezekiel Lane became the owner of Stag Park some years after the Revolution and his daughter was married to the Reverend Jesse P. Jordan, a Methodist minister from whom members of the present Jordan family of Stag Park are descended. It is said that Burrington returned to this country and died, and is buried in Stag Park under a large oak tree. This is not authentic but according to rumor.

Everywhere on the eastern and western branches of the Cape Fear River were men of fortune, related by blood or connected by marriage, whose settlement extended almost as far as Fayetteville. General ease and prosperity was highly

favorable to the cultivation of polite literature and to the development of talent of a certain kind—the kind of manners which tended to awaken a spirit of improvement, that pervaded the whole community.

Every family possessed a collection of the best English authors; besides there were public libraries in Wilmington and Long Creek Village, known at that time as Lillington, as it was called in Revolutionary days. Wit and humor, music and poetry were drawn into action in social and commercial intercourse. Conversation was cultivated to a high degree. The point of honor was understood and recognized and the slightest approach to indignity resented. In the exercise of colloquial talent the ladies participated and heightened the pleasure. Then they were not, as now, instructed at all in the rudiments of knowledge, but they derived this from reading and imbibed it from association with eminent persons of the opposite sex. Observation and association with the learned were a development of taste, elegance and refinement. They had softness, sentiment, grace, intelligence—every quality which in the female sex can inspire and exalt the enthusiasm of romantic passion.

The manners and customs of the Cape Fear and the North-East Branch of the Cape Fear Rivers at that period were most favorable. Hospitality carried to an extreme and an excessive fondness for conviviality were the characteristics of those days. Festive entertainments, balls, every species of amusement, which song and dance could afford, were indulged. The neighing courser and the echoing horn, the sports of the turf and pleasurers of the chase were alternately the objects of eager pursuit.

Immigrants

Many immigrants came from Virginia about the time of the Revolution and immediately afterwards, most of them settling in the western part of the County.






There was also quite a sprinkling of immigrants from Ireland and Scotland after the independence of the State had been established. It was an army of these newly arrived Scotch Loyalists, making an effort to assist the Royal Governor Martin at Wilmington, that was defeated by the Patriots at Moore's Creek Bridge in 1776.

This victory practically eliminated the Tory element as a factor in the war, so far as the southeastern part of the State was concerned.

Indians

Something over three hundred years ago this section was inhabited only by a race of wild and savage men whom we call Indians. They were tall and straight, black hair and copper colored. They lived chiefly by hunting and fishing and were clothed in skins of the wild animals they had slain or in coarse cloth made of platted grass. They were separated into tribes, each tribe with a different name, and each with a chief or king of its own and each living apart in its own village or huts. These huts—wigwams, as they called them—were made of poles and branches of trees covered with bark or with skins. Inside the ground was covered with skins or rude mats. The language these red men spoke, though different in the tribes, was so similar that they could understand each other. They had no tools or weapons or utensils made of metal of any sort. Their weapons were bows and arrows and small stone hatchets which they called tomahawks. Their arrows were made of flint and plenty of them are still found in our woods where the Indians had their camps. They had no way of cultivating the ground except by scratching the surface with rude wooden hoes, and the ground was cleared by burning the grass and wherever this was done, the women and children grew corn, potatoes and beans and whenever they wanted to fell a tree to make a boat, or a bowl, or mortar of any kind they burned the tree

at the roots or near the ground. Some of them had stone mortars and rude pots made of clay in which they cooked their pounded corn and called it hominy. The Indian men usually left all kinds of work, except that of hunting, to the women, and they say that all ignorant savages have this sort of pride and despise honest labor. They think it degrading to a man. Their chief business was fighting or preparing for war and their greatest happiness was in torturing or killing their enemies. They were extremely treacherous, stealthy and cruel in their way of making war. They had no idea of pity or mercy. They possessed a rude religion and believed in a God whom they called the Great Spirit, and were brave and patient in suffering. They would always keep a promise and remember a kindness. The principal tribes that dwelt in North Carolina, when settled by the white people, were the Tuscaroras, the Cawtabas and the Cherokees, who lived in the mountains and do not appear in our early history. The Cawtabas dwelt in the middle section and were less savage while the Tuscaroras lived in the eastern section of North Carolina and were more numerous and, being more warlike, gave the white people a great deal of trouble. There were several small tribes, the Meherrins, the Enoes and Corees.

The eastern and western portion of Pender County was inhabited by Indians. Dr. Bricknell who wrote the Natural History of North Carolina in 1731 said, “The Saponas lived on the west branch of the Cape Fear River.”

The Burghaw Indians occupied Hungry Neck, now known as the Oaks Plantation between the Bay and North-East River Swamp and owned by the Miller family, of whom W. W. Miller of Rocky Point was a member. Also Mulberry Plantation which joins the Oaks and belonged to the Scarborough family.

All kinds of Indian spears and skeletons of Indians who were very large in stature were unearthed when the Atlantic Coast Line Railroad Company trestle was being excavated near the ten-mile post on the North-East River.






A number of Indian mounds have been found in Pender and in Duplin Counties. On the old Johnson estate near Island Creek was an Indian graveyard and also just above Bannerman's Bridge is to be found one of considerable size, and all through this section many farmers have ploughed up spears of different sizes. There are still in Pender a number of descendants of the red man.

The Indian name Burghaw means Mud Hole but when the Hole is dry full of dust.

Pirates—Blackbeard

From 1690 to 1720 the entire coast from Maine to Cuba was infested with bold and bloody buccaneers. They roamed the seas as Lords of the Deep and committed their depredations with impunity; for there was no force adequate to the task of coping with them.

In the early history of the Colony, more than fifty years prior to the Revolution, the lonely sound along the coast of the present boundaries of Pender County was the rendezvous of many pirates. Piracy at that time being a popular game with the desperate criminal element as “hijacking” is today among our bootleggers.

Topsail Sound and the entrance of the Cape Fear River according to tradition were the main headquarters along this coast for this reckless and exciting business. Piracy against the ships of the Spaniards, then our close neighbors in Florida, Mexico, Cuba and Central America was rampant. Quite a few able but disappointed men engaged in this life of dangerous outlawry. The most noted pirate of this period was Blackbeard, a cruel bloodthirsty villain, according to historical accounts. He did not confine himself in his dastardly crimes to attacks upon Spanish vessels or merchantmen, but every vessel of whatever flag was his prey, and he inflicted terrible damage up and down the coast for a great distance. When he made a capture he would kill the men

and enslave the women and would pick out the most beautiful among them for his own pleasure. If a woman displeased him in any way, off would go her head. Tradition has it that thirteen rebellious and unaccommodating ladies lost their charming heads at Blackbead's guillotine. Much pirate treasures are supposed to have been hidden away in the neighborhood of Topsail Inlet, somewhere along the lonely beaches, hammocks or sandhills and all along the Atlantic Coast where the pirates operated. Blackbeard was finally captured and hanged by the Colonial Government of Virginia and the cruel crime of piracy came to an end.

During the years 1936 and 1937 some geologists in making tests along the coast of Pender, thought they had located either a pirate ship or other buried treasures, Gold being indicated by the instrument. So sure were they of their findings, a fund was started by some northern capitalists and around $50,000 was expended in excavating but which did not result in any findings other than sand, shells, etc.

Moseley Hall

According to Wheeler's History of North Carolina, Edward Moseley was Surveyor General of the Province and his triumph over the Virginia Commissioners gave him a great reputation.

He took up large tracts of land and about the year 1735 moved to the Rocky Point section bringing his family and fortune and settled on a plantation a few miles from the Rocky Point depot.

He brought with him his library of valuable books which was a very superior collection of volume after volume of English and Latin, including standard works of that era, histories, travel, poetry, fiction, and French translations of the most celebrated authors.

It is said that in this section one found culture and refinement that was unsurpassed elsewhere in America.






Edward Moseley, in conjunction with Speaker Swann, a distinguished lawyer, compiled the first revisal of the Laws of the Province of North Carolina (called “the Yellow Jacket” from the color of the binding), which was the first book printed in the Province of North Carolina.

It is also said that many of the books of Rocky Point libraries appear to have been collected at Lillington Hall and the collection embracing books of Edward Moseley, printed before 1700, has been placed in the State Library in Raleigh.

Old Moseley Hall has changed hands many times and was owned many years by the Sidbury family of whom Miss Fannie Sidbury of Burgaw was a descendant.

Swann Point

Not far west of the Oaks was Swann Point, the home of John Swann, called “Lawyer John,” which was also one of the finest residences on Rocky Point.

A short distance to the northwest of Swann Point was Spring Gardens, the home of Frederick Jones, Esq., a prominent planter. Near it was Mount Gallant, owned by Col. John Pugh Williams, who was colonel of the 9th Regiment, Continental Line.

Not far from this home was Pleasant Hall, the residence of William Davis, Esq., who also owned a place on Turkey Creek, called Bloom Hill, in 1809.

The Merrick family originally occupied the lands across the North-East River, where a large plantation was developed and where they owned many slaves. The Merricks were public-spirited citizens. The Creek by that name in that vicinity derived its name from the Merrick family. The old home stood near the highway for many years and it is said that the brick with which its chimneys were built were brought from England, the year cut into the brick of the

chimney—1761—is presumably the date when the chimney was built.

The Vats was first located by Col. Maurice Moore, one of the earliest pioneers of the Cape Fear section. The lands of this location were very rich and continued in the Moore family for many generations. George Moore had a patent for 5,000 acres of land which was known as Moorefield, or Mooretown, as it is now called. This land is located on the North-East Cape Fear River and it is here, I am told, that the Moore family had their burying ground and a number of vaults were to be found here in which their dead were placed.

William S. Ashe

In 1845 William S. Ashe moved to Rocky Point, coming there from Wilmington. The house in which he lived for several years was built by Dr. Mc. Ree and is still standing.

In 1854 he was made President of the Wilmington and Raleigh Railroad and as long as he made this his residence the trains stopped there daily for his accommodation.

It is interesting to know that the material used in this building was all hand-sawed and pegs were used for nails with most unusual heavy doors and a type of plastering that was used during that period. In front of this old house stands a very large old water oak tree near the well, which is considered one of the oldest trees in this immediate section, its companion having been cut down several years ago.

At one time this point was called Ashton, though in later years Ashton was placed about a mile to the north of that site.

Mr. William S. Ashe was the Father of Captain Samuel Ashe who resided in Raleigh until his death a few years ago, but whose early life was spent in Pender until he went to college.

The Ashe family was closely allied with Pender County and this section from early Revolutionary times.






The Neck

In ascending the North-East Cape Fear River about six miles north of Rocky Point on the west side of the river was a plantation called the Neck, the residence of Governor Samuel Ashe.

It will be interesting to many of our Pender County people who cherish the history of Pender, to know that one of the greatest statesmen of Revolutionary times was reared and died in Pender. Governor Ashe is buried in the old Ashe family burying ground on the old estate of the Ashe family and now owned by Edward T. Batson.

When Samuel Ashe was nine years old his parents died in Brunswick County and he and his sister came to Rocky Point and were reared there by their uncle and aunt. He married and lived near Rocky Point at intervals all of his life on the plantation called The Neck. He was educated at Harvard University and was one of the thirteen members of the Council that governed North Carolina at the beginning of the Revolutionary War.

He was appointed Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of the State, continuing in that office until 1795; then serving as Governor of North Carolina for three terms. Governor Ashe died on his plantation in 1813.

The Daughters of the American Revolution, the Edward Buncombe Chapter of Asheville, unveiled a marker in March 1936 to the memory of Samuel Ashe 1785-1913.—Distinguished North Carolinian, Governor, Statesman and Jurist in whose honor the City of Asheville was named and also Ashe County.

On the 19th of September 1944 the North Carolina Shipbuilding Company launched its twenty-ninth ship, named for Governor Samuel Ashe of Revolutionary fame.

An historical marker was erected to the memory of Governor Samuel Ashe on Highway No. 117 about three miles south of Burgaw — Governor 1795-98, President

Council of Safety 1776, one of first three State Judges. Grave three miles east, on U. S. Route No. 117.

Sloop Point Plantation

One of the most interesting old homesteads in Pender County is the home place of Misses Eleanor and Joanna MacMillan, of Sloop Point, daughters of the late Dr. Dougald MacMillan, who, after retiring from medical practice in Wilmington, spent the remaining years of his life at his Sloop Point Plantation.

Sloop Point takes its name from the Sloop building and water transportation of the early settlers. This point was the only mainland harbor between the Cape Fear and New River inlets. From the records it appears that this house was built in 1728, of pure heart pine, hand-hewn, mortised and pegged. The brick work is laid in Flemish bond and ballast stones, which were used in the ships as ballast while en route to America from England—brick being brought to America for many of the old Colonial homes throughout the country. The rooms are plastered and wainscoted with tall mantels, two of which are paneled to the ceiling. Each room has handsome mouldings, the hall being square and the rooms have an air of dignity and repose, that indefinable spirit that pervades old homes of aristocracy and antiquity.

The original brass bell which hangs on the outside of an upper story window is still intact and its cord hangs from the ceiling in the upper bedroom, where it hung years and years ago, and where the master of the house pulled this bell-cord to summon his slaves to do his bidding. It is said that many of the old mahogany pieces which adorn the home have never been outside of the house since they were placed there and they stand serenely in their accustomed places. Unfortunately, the entrance has been altered and the the roof lifted, otherwise only a few minor changes have taken place. Time has taken its toll of the outhouses, though






the smokehouse, which was the store house for salt, that was manufactured during the early days, and only one of the slave quarters remain. The Confederate Government operated salt works at Sloop Point Shipyard and the old salt pans are still in evidence, though rusty and dismantled, one can readily understand the method used in making salt which was taken from the waters of the Sound and ocean.

The old home faces the Sound and is only a few hundred yards from the Inland Waterway and is built of the heaviest timbers, well calculated to withstand any of the severe northeasters that prevail on the coast at intervals throughout the fall and winter months. The house is built high off the ground with a basement, one story, and what is called a jump, with immense brick chimneys at each end of the building, and the house is air-conditioned from the front porch, the fresh air circulating through the bedrooms of the upper story. The chimneys are built of brick brought from England and on the south end the chimney measures sixteen feet at the base, which has a door cut through it at the side, where one can enter or leave the house from a little portico with high steps leading to the ground below. This chimney has always been a curiosity and for what purpose it was arranged in this manner, except for quick exit or entrance, no one seems to know.

It was on this plantation that the U. S. Government in 1864 maintained a Signal Service Station, which connected Wilmington with New River Station, the wires came down the beach, crossing the Sound at Sloop Point Shipyard to the Station, thence to Wilmington down the County Road.

This property was first owned by Samuel Ashe, who sold it to George Merrick, after which Louis Whitfield came in possession and willed it to his youngest daughter Rachel (Mrs. William Wright) early in the nineteenth century.

It is said that during the ownership of George Merrick, who owned and built a home a few miles east of Lane's Ferry, in 1761, he also built a road direct from this property

to his summer home, Sloop Point Plantation, and some parts of this old road are still in use.

Lillington Hall

Descending the North-East River from Stag Park stood Lillington Hall on the east side of the river. The mansion was a quaint old structure of ante bellum or Revolutionary date and standing alone, there was no house that approached it in size or appearance in that wild region. It would seem like a singular selection for a gentleman to have made for a THE OLD ALEXANDER LILLINGTON HOME
The Old Home of General Alexander Lillington of Revolutionary fame,
on the North-East Cape Fear River near Lane's Ferry and about 7 miles east
of Rocky Point, Pender County. This house was built in 1734 and burned
several years ago.
The two magnolia trees are still standing and the larger of the two is
immense, measuring a spread of ninety-five feet, and is a picture of beauty
when in bloom. The old cemetery which is located back of the house, where
the General and his family were buried, also has a very large magnolia tree.

residence, just on the border of the great Holly Shelter Pocosin and across the North-East River about five miles






from Rocky Point. In those days stock raising was much attended to and here immense tracts of land which were unoccupied furnished rich pasturage and fine range.

Lillington Hall, like many of the old land-marks, was burned several years ago, and all other homes of this kind have passed away, though the magnolia trees are still standing in the yard near where the old home stood, and also in the cemetery where General Lillington and most of the Lillington family were buried.

The Lillingtons came from England and founded Lillington Hall, canaling a large area of fertile land. They brought their indentured servants with them, bought Negro slaves and lived a life of patriarchal simplicity on their broad and fertile acres during the Colonial period.

General Lillington and his sons were in sympathy with the Colonies in their struggle for independence and both General Lillington and his son rendered distinguished military service in this patriotic cause.

There was quite a library of rare old English books—which would be highly prized at this day—unsurpassed by those of any of the inhabitants of the upper Cape Fear or North-East River. I have understood that many of these old books were placed in the State Library at Raleigh.

Alexander Lillington

Alexander Lillington was a man the people of North Carolina should never forget, for he is associated with one of the brightest pages of their history.

His grandfather, Major Alexander Lillington, emigrated from the Barbadoes to the County of Albemarle, but at what precise time it is not known. He was early distinguished, however, in the history of the Colony.

The oldest public record in the State is the commission which was issued the 3rd of December, 1679, to George Durant, Alexander Lillington, Ralph Fletcher and Caleb

Calloway, to hold the Precincts Courts of Berkley Precinct. Upon the departure of Governor Ludwell, in 1693, the administration of affairs in Albemarle fell upon him (Maj. Lillington) as Deputy Governor. His grandson was left an orphan at an early age, and when Edward Moseley, who had married his father's sister, emigrated to the Cape Fear, about the year 1727, young Lillington went with him. He was early known as an active and leading Whig, and was a prominent and influential member of the Wilmington Committee. Though he served during the war with distinction and attained to the rank of Brigadier General, yet his fame principally rests upon the Battle of Moore's Creek.

The importance of this battle has never been properly appreciated, and was never fully demonstrated until the delivery of the interesting lecture of President Swain before the Historical Society of the University of North Carolina in 1853. Without the remotest intention of detracting from the well-earned fame of General Caswell, I must say that if traditions of the people among whom the battle was fought are to be believed, General Lillington has never yet received due praise for his part in that day's work. These traditions agree mainly with Jones’ account of the battle; and they say that he bore by far the hardest brunt of the fight, while he has only been permitted to wear the smallest share of the glory.

Whether he was commander-in-chief or not, he certainly had the post of danger and of honor in the front of the battle and leading the daring charge across the bridge. He bore himself like a skillful and gallant officer while fighting like a common soldier.

There was honor enough for all and all should have shared it alike. It was most unjust that his name was altogether omitted in the vote of thanks which was afterward passed by the Provincial Congress at Halifax. It has been said that he never complained of this. It is true he never complained, because he was a patriot and not a soldier of






fortune; because he fought for the freedom of his country and not for his personal renown.

The silver crescent which he wore upon his hat that day, bore the inscribed words, which were his cry of battle, his prayer by night and his hope always. “Liberty or Death.”

Extract from the address by Hon. George Davis before two Literary Societies of the University of North Carolina.

“General Alexander Lillington, who came to reside on the North East Cape Fear River at the same time, and was connected with the Moseleys, Ashes and Swanns, was an ardent Whig and patriot, and, taking up arms early in the Revolution, distinguished himself as a bold and sagacious leader. On the attempt of the Scotch settlers to move on Wilmington for the purpose of co-operating with the British forces intending to invade and subjugate North Carolina, General Lillington speedily organized the militia of New Hanover and part of Duplin Counties—Pender at that time being a part of New Hanover, as well as Sampson at that time being comprised in Duplin—marched rapidly in the direction from which the enemy approached and selecting a position on Moore's Creek, where it was crossed by a bridge, threw up entrenchments and on the arrival of Gen. Caswell, the superior in command, he approved Lillington's plans and arrangements. The result of the battle is well known and its success was mainly attributed to Lillington's prompt movement and skillful arrangements.”

The entrenchments are still intact, though not as pronounced as when the battle was fought at Moore's Creek Battle Ground Park.

Will of Alexander Lillington

“In the name of God, Amen.—I, Alexander Lillington, of the County of New Hanover in the State of North Carolina. Gentlemen:—Considering the uncertainty of this mortal life and being at the time of a perfect sound disposing mind, I hereby do make, ordain, constitute and appoint this to be and contain my last will and testament, revoking all other and former wills by me heretofore made in

issuance and form following.—First.—I desire to be decently buried in a Christian-like manner according to the Church of England.

“It is my will and desire that all my just debts be paid with honour, as soon as the money can be raised out of the labor of my negroes.

“Item.—I give, devise and bequeath to my son John Lillington a negro boy called Peter, the son of Sue, to him, his heirs and assigns forever.

“Item.—I give devise and bequeath to my son George Lillington, my negro man Jupiter and Peter which was left him by his Aunt Dalrymple, to him his heirs and assigns forever.—

“Item.—To my daughter Sarah Lillington I give and bequeath a negro girl named Nancy, the daughter of Nann, also a negro woman called Judith with her four children named Pat, Cupid, Toney and Harry which negro woman Judith and her increase was left to her by her Aunt Dalrymple, to her, her heirs and assigns forever.

“Item.—I give and bequeath to my daughter Mary Lillington, a negro girl called Peggy, the daughter of Nann, also a negro girl named Phoebe, the daughter of Bess, and a negro woman called Judith and her two children, a girl called Lucy and a boy seven and an infant, to her, her heirs and assigns forever.

“Item.—It is my further will and desire that after the before bequeathed negroes are taken out of my stock of slaves, the remainder of them shall be equally and jointly divided between my before mentioned children John, George, Sarah and Mary, to share and share alike as they shall attain the age of 21 years old or the day of marriage, whichever may first happen to them, their heirs and assigns forever.

“Item.—I give and bequeath to my daughters Sarah and Mary Lillington all my china to be equally divided between them, to share and share alike, their heirs and assigns forever.

“Item.—I give and bequeath to my son John Lillington my writing desk to him, his heirs and assigns forever.

“Item.—I give and bequeath to my four children, John, George, Sarah and Mary Lillington my household furniture, not before bequeathed, to be equally divided and to share and share alike.

“Item.—It is my will and desire that my daughter Mary Lillington have two silver salvers out of my household furniture before it be divided, to her, her heirs and assigns forever.






“Item.—It is my particular will and desire that my mulatto woman named Hannah, the daughter of old Pegg, may be set free from the servitude after my decease as she is not looked on in the light of a slave or the property of anyone of my children.

“Item.—I give and bequeath to my son John Lillington all and every part and parcel of the tract of land containing 640 acres whereon I now live, called Arthurs and a tract of 640 acres of land I purchased of Mr. Samuel Ashe whereon the saw mill stands and a tract of 50 or 60 acres patented by myself between my home plantation and the land I bought of James Moseley, to him his heirs and assigns forever.

“Item.—I give and bequeath to my son George Lillington all that tract and parcel of land I bought of James Moseley containing 1,800 acres including the Great Island to him, his heirs and assigns forever.

“It is also my will and desire that all my lands wheresoever to be found not heretofore bequeathed may be equally divided between my two sons John and George Lillington to share and share alike.

“Item.—It is my will and desire that my daughters Sarah and Mary Lillington during a single life do live with my Son John and that they are by this will entitled to one half of my dwelling house, which half they may think proper to choose, also one half of my out houses they may have occasion or use for them and the liberty and use of one half of the cleared lands bequeathed to my son John, they to have the preference of whichever part they may choose to work their negroes on, also the use and privileges of all my lands the same as my Son John during their single life, they paying no rent for the use of the said houses and lands and in case either of my said daughters Sarah or Mary should die or marry, it is my will and desire that all rights and title given to them to my dwelling house, plantation and lands given to my son John may cease.

“Item.—I give and bequeath to my children, John, George, Sarah and Mary Lillington, all my stock of horses, cattle, and sheep, also my plantation tools and all other of my personal property or estate whatsoever and wheresoever it may be found that is not herein before bequeathed to be divided among my said children to share and share alike, to their heirs and assigns forever.

“It is my particular request and desire that my Son John do take upon himself the Guardianship of his brother George and that he

have him properly educated and brought up in the best manner he can and that the expenses arising therefrom be paid out of the labors of my negroes and it is further, my particular desire that my said Son John Lillington be very careful of his two sisters such as becomes the affection of a brother toward them.

“I do hereby nominate and appoint my Kinsmen Samuel Ashe, Samuel Watters, Samuel Swann and my Son John Lillington Executors of this my last will and testament.

“I have hereunto set my hand and seal this the twentieth day of December, in the year of our Lord 1779.

“Signed.

ALEXANDER LILLINGTON

“In the presence of

Charles Jewkes

Jonathan Dunbibun.”

Moore's Creek National Military Park

(United States Department of the Interior)

Scene of a memorable battle between North Carolina Whigs and Tories, in 1776, which resulted in Patriot control of the colony and hastened the movement for independence.

The battle of Moore's Creek Bridge, February 27, 1776, was a complete victory for the Whigs or Patriots over the Loyalist or Tory element of the population of North Carolina, and, as a result, the colony remained in the possession of the Patriots until the British invasion of 1780-81. The Whigs in the Carolinas, where there was a greater proportion of Tories than in most of the other colonies, were greatly encouraged by the overwhelming defeat of the Scotch Loyalists at Moore's Creek. The battle, moreover, helped influence Southern delegates to the Continental Congress to sign the Declaration of Independence and also contributed in a general way to the advancement of the Revolutionary cause in the South.






HISTORICAL BACKGROUND

The growth of North Carolina from a few coastal settlements to a large and populous Royal Colony brought in its wake several disturbances. The schism between East and West brought about by the dominance of the colony by the eastern, though by 1770 less populous, counties resulted in a violent encounter between the two sections at Alamance Creek in 1771. There, while the so-called “Regulators” were defeated, the breach was widened, and the defeated Westerners were under parole to the king through the royal governor.

Some elements among the settlers had not, by 1775, been amalgamated into the general populace. Chief of these was a large number of Scotch Highlanders.

RECONSTRUCTED BRIDGE, LOOKING EASTWARD TOWARD WHIG CAMP
The bridge flooring was removed by the Whigs and the girders greased
to make crossing difficult.

ENTRANCE TO THE PARK

Moore's Creek Battle

The first conflict of arms after the military organization of the State of North Carolina occurred in this County, Pender (then New Hanover), at Moore's Creek on the 27th of February, 1776, this being the greatest historical event of the Revolutionary battles of that period.

The Royal Governor Martin had taken refuge on board a ship-of-war on the Cape Fear River, and General Clinton with a large force appeared to reinstate him. The Governor, working upon the loyalty of the Scottish population on Cross Creek (now Fayetteville), had persuaded them to rise and form a junction with General Clinton. He had sent a commission to the chief of the clan of MacDonald, as Brigadier-General, and they had assembled in strong force and marched toward the Cape Fear. On the 27th of February, 1776, they met, at Moore's Creek in Pender County, Colonels Caswell and Lillington, with an inferior force. A severe






conflict ensued and the Royalists were routed, their General MacDonald taken prisoner and many killed and wounded. It was most fortunate at this time. Had the Loyalists effected a junction with Clinton they would have over-run the whole country, dispersed the friends of liberty and encouraged its enemies.

A letter from Richard Caswell to Mr. President Harnett:

“February 29, 1776.

“SIR:—I have the pleasure to acquaint you that an engagement with the Tories at Widow Moore's Creek Bridge on the 27th current. Our army was about one thousand strong, consisting of the Newbern Battalion of Minute Men, the militia from Craven, Johnston, Dobbs and Wake and a detachment of the Wilmington Battalion of Minute Men which we found encamped at Moore's Creek the night before the battle under the command of Colonel Lillington. The Tories by common report, were three thousand; but General MacDonald, whom we have prisoner, says there were about fifteen or sixteen hundred; he was unwell that day and not in the battle. Captain McLeod, who seemed to be the principal Commander, and Captain John Campbell are among the slain.

“Colonel Moore arrived at our Camp a few hours after the engagement was over. His troops came up that evening and are now encamped on the ground where the battle was fought and Colonel Martin is at or near Cross Creek with a large body of men. These I presume will be sufficient to put a stop to any attempt of the Tories to embody again.”

It is said John Grady was the only Whig that lost his life in this battle, and in the Moore's Creek Battle Ground Park is erected a monument to his memory as well as to the generals who were in the battle at that point—Caswell, Lillington and Moore.

—Wheeler's History.

* * *

An interesting episode took place after the battle. Two of Pender County's men were privates in the 3rd North Carolina Regiment under Col. James Moore. These two

young men, neighbors from the Watha District, Abram Newkirk and Young Ben Lanier were fighting side by side and standing near their commander. He saw them both fire at the same time at the British officer MacLeod and saw him fall. Their commander after the smoke of battle had cleared away, told them they must run a foot race and whichever won the race should have the honor of killing the British officer and fall heir to his watch. Abram Newkirk won the race. In years afterward the watch was given to one of the family connection by name of Rhodes. A cannon ball weighing twenty-four pounds was brought from the battlefield by Abraham Newkirk and is in possession of his grandson. His sword, which measures nearly four feet and is of old steel with a bone handle, is still in the family and held as a valuable heirloom.

Moore's Creek Battle Ground Park

Of the Battle of Moore's Creek Bridge the best extant narrative is to be found in Volume I of the History of North Carolina, by R. D. W. Connor, published in 1919.

There are three National Memorials wholly in North Carolina, and we are proud to record that one of these is in Pender County.

This Park is the only one within a radius of one hundred and eighty (180) miles.

The name of the Park is “Moore's Creek National Military Park,” and it is under the supervision of the National Park Service.

The Battle Ground first contained three acres which was sold for taxes and was bought by Bruce Williams. He undertook to give the property to the State and accepted one dollar in money to make the deed valid during the Governorship of Daniel Russell. At that time the State set aside a certain amount to take care of this site.

The Park now contains thirty acres of land which is so






situated as to include all types of land to be found in Pender County, including sand hill, bay, swamp and running stream. Due to its situation, one can find all kinds of oak trees, besides a wide variety of other kinds, five kinds of insect-eating plants, a number of orchids and the prickly pear, and a dry plant.

It is the fifth oldest National Military Park in order of creation and it is the only Revolutionary War Park in the South that has in it the complete breastworks that were used in battle. .

It was a State Park from 1898 until 1926, when it was taken over by the Federal Government and the first monument in the park dates back to 1857, and has been the rallying ground of patriotic North Carolinians for more than thirty-five years.

In 1829 Martin, in his History of North Carolina, gave a short narrative. In 1934 Jones, in his Defence of the Revolutionary History of North Carolina, gave a lengthy summary of officers who fought in the battle and of the conflict itself. In 1851 Wheeler, in his History of North Carolina, gave a short narrative and recounts more especially the story of Ellett's account of Mary Slocumb. In 1853 Swain gave a lecture on the campaign in 1776, a lengthy summary of the background of the battle, which was included in a volume on Revolutionary History of North Carolina by Hawks, Swain & Graham.

These, and other narratives, led to publication, in 1856, of a news article which fired the enthusiasm of local citizens and under the leadership of the citizens of Long Creek Village a celebration was held that year on the 80th anniversary of the battle. At that time it was proposed to erect a shaft marking the site. In 1857 the corner-stone was placed to the monument which was later completed. The panic of 1857 and the war of 1861-65 obscured the site until, in 1876, when a Centennial was held. A flag-pole, reputed to have been erected at that time, still stands within the Park.

In 1897 the Legislature of North Carolina passed an act authorizing the purchase of twenty acres to be used as a park area, under management of the Moore's Creek Monumental Association, which was incorporated for the purpose. This association was organized in 1899 and purchased ten acres more, including the breastworks, and erected a small pavilion as a meeting place. This pavilion was burned in 1919. (Annual celebrations were held with but few exceptions until 1934, at which time they were discontinued for lack of support.) In 1907 the Federal Congress appropriated $5,000 to the improvement of the Park area. The State had, from the beginning, made small annual appropriations for maintenance. This was spent in placing two blocks of granite under the old monument and an enclosure about it for its preservation; erecting a monument to the Heroic women of the Lower Cape Fear; erecting several pavilions and utility buildings in the Park; and increasing the Park area to thirty acres. In 1909 a monument was erected to the Tories who fell in the battle. In 1911 a monument was erected marking the site of the old Wilmington and Fayette-Stage Road.

That the earliest name of Moore's Creek was “The Widow Moore's Creek” and it was known by that name in 1743 or before. The exact widow has never been determined.

The earliest known land grant on the creek was to John Ashe in 1743, to the tract of land on the west side of the creek and opposite the present park area.

The land on the west side was owned by Samuel Ashe (later Governor) in 1776. The land immediately north of the present park boundary was owned by Benjamin Stone in 1776. The Park area itself was the “King's Land” in 1776 and legally belonged to King George III of England on the day of the battle. The earliest land title to the tract was to John Jones in 1791, fifteen years after the battle, from the State of North Carolina. The tract, so far as is now known,






never belonged to a Moore, though the Benjamin Stone tract was held by Captain James Moore (grandfather of George J. and James F. Moore) and by his son John Fred from 1805 to 1872.

The “Borough” was laid out in 1798 by Hardy Parker, Sr., and his son of the same name as “Parkersborough.” They sold the tract in 1799 and moved off, the name “Parker” leaving with them.

The old road was here in 1743 and at the time of the battle was neither “Stage Road” nor “Nigger Head Road” but merely “the Black River Road.”

Monuments of Moore's Creek National Park

The face:

In commemoration of the Battle Of Moore's Creek Bridge fought here 27th February, 1776.

The First Victory gained by the American Arms in the war of the Revolution.

Here lies the remains of Private John Grady, of Duplin County, who fell bravely fighting for his Country, — The First martyr in the cause of Freedom in North Carolina, and the only Whig killed in this battle.

Front side:Lillington,
Back side:Caswell.

The corner-stone to this monument was laid in 1857, funds raised by popular subscription. Monument placed sometime between 1860 and 1876 without recorded program yet found.

Original monument repaired and granite base and frame

MONUMENT TO JOHN GRADY. VIEW TOWARDS MOORE'S CREEK BRIDGE OLD CANNON.
added in 1907 by funds provided by Congressional legislation. Cost of repairs about $1,000.

WOMEN'S MONUMENT

The face of monument:

To the honored memory To the Heroic Women Of the lower Cape Fear During the American Revolution 1775-1781.

Reverse side:

Most honored of the names recorded by the Historic Association, is that of Mary Slocumb, Wife of Lieutenant Slocumb, Riding alone at night Sixty five miles to succor the wounded on this battlefield.






Her heroism and self sacrifice place her high on the pages of History and should awake in successive generations, true Patriotism and love of Country, Virtutes majorum filiæ conservant.

Back:

This monument was erected by the Moore's Creek Monumental Association in the year 1907.

This monument, a likeness of a woman posing “Remembrance,” cost about $2,000 furnished by Congressional appropriation.

MONUMENT TO MARY SLOCUMB AND THE HEROIC WOMEN OF THE LOWER CAPE FEAR.

TORY MONUMENT

Here fell Captain McLeod, Captain Campbell and About fifty Highland Scots Loyalists, who, with splendid courage, assaulted with claymores the American intrenchments, they were heroes who did their duty as they saw it and are worthy of this tribute from the descendants of the The equally Brave men Whom they fought. Peace to their Ashes.

Erected by The Moore's Creek Monumental Association 1909.

Above the inscription is engraved a thistle, Scotch national emblem. This monument was unveiled by Miss Annie Lucas.

STAGE ROAD MONUMENT

Old Wilmington and Fayetteville Stage Road Route taken by British and Tory Army from Cross Creek to join Lord Cornwallis and Clinton at Wilmington. They were defeated in the Battle of this place, 850 were captured as Prisoners of war February 27, 1776.

This monument was erected by the Moore's Creek Monumental Association in 1911.






JAMES FULTON MOORE MONUMENT Feb. 14, 1852-July 11, 1912

MONUMENT TO HON. JAMES FULTON MOORE, FIRST PRESIDENT OF THE MOORE'S CREEK BATTLE GROUND ASSOCIATION.

Face of monument:

On this field the Americans won their first Decisive victory over the British allies and through the efforts of Hon. James Fulton Moore

First President of the Moore's Creek Battle Ground Association

It has become a National Rallying ground for loyal Revolutionary Descendants And in high appreciation of his services for 14 years this shaft is erected to his memory.

In 1929, when the remains of the Slocumbs were reinterred at the Park, the markers to their graves were brought along. They were placed on either side of the walk directly in front of the Women's Monument.

IN MEMORY OF A COL. EZEKIEL SLOCUMB A PATRIOT OF THE REVOLUTION, WHO DEPARTED THIS LIFE JULY 4TH, 1840 AGED 80 YEARS AND 46 DAYS

IN MEMORY OF POLLY SLOCUMB WIFE OF EZEKIEL SLOCUMB WHO DEPARTED THIS LIFE MARCH 6, 1836 AGED 76 YEARS AND 24 DAYS.

BRIDGE MONUMENT

BATTLE OF MOORE'S CREEK BRIDGE FEBRUARY 27, 1776

HERE STOOD THE BRIDGE OF REVOLUTIONARY FAME WHERE 1,000 PATRIOTS UNDER COLS. RICHARD






CASWELL AND ALEXANDER LILLINGTON DEFEATED 1,600 LOYALISTS LED BY CAPTAIN MCLEOD. CAPTAIN JAMES MOORE COMMANDED ALL PATRIOTS WHO EMBODIED TO OPPOSE THE LOYALISTS UNDER BRIG. GEN. DONALD MACDONALD.

THIS MONUMENT WAS ERECTED IN 1931 BY THE WAR DEPARTMENT.

TWO WOODEN TABLETS ARE TO BE ERECTED WHICH WILL SERVE AS MARKERS TO BE PLACED NEAR THE ORIGINAL ROAD AND ONE NEAR THE POINT WHERE IT ENTERS THE PATRIOT CAMP AND THE OTHER NEAR THE BRIDGE. THIS IS DONE UNDER THE AUTHORITY OF THE NATIONAL PARK SERVICE.

PATRIOT CAMP

HERE, ON THE NIGHT OF FEBRUARY 26, 1776 ENCAMPED ABOUT 1,000 PATRIOTS, CONSISTING OF THE NEW BERN BATTALION OF MINUTE MEN AND MILITIA FROM CRAVEN, DOBBS, JOHNSTON AND WAKE COUNTIES UNDER THE COMMAND OF COLONEL RICHARD CASWELL, AND ABOUT 150 OF THE WILMINGTON BATTALION OF MINUTE MEN UNDER COLONEL ALEXANDER LILLINGTON. CASWELL HAD FIRST CAMPED ON THE OPPOSITE SIDE OF THE STREAM BUT DURING THE NIGHT HAD CROSSED TO THIS SIDE, LEAVING HIS CAMP FIRES BURNING TO DECEIVE THE TORIES. AT THE SAME TIME LILLINGTON WITHDREW FROM A BREAST-WORKS NEAR THE BRIDGE. THE TORIES ATTACKED THIS CAMP ABOUT DAYBREAK THE FOLLOWING MORNING, FEBRUARY 27, 1776.

TORY ADVANCE

FROM THEIR CAMP SIX MILES NORTHWEST, THE TORIES ADVANCED TOWARD THE BRIDGE AT THIS POINT, ARRIVING HERE BEFORE DAYBREAK FEBRUARY 27, 1776. LED BY CAPTAIN DONALD MCLEOD AND CAPTAIN JOHN CAMPBELL, A PARTY OF PICKED BROADSWORDSMEN CROSSED THE STREAM ON THE BRIDGE GIRDLES, THE FLOOR OF THE BRIDGE HAVING BEEN REMOVED AND THE GIRDLES GREASED DURING THE NIGHT BY THE PATRIOTS. THIS PARTY WAS PRACTICALLY ANNIHILATED BY GUNFIRE WHEN WITHIN A SHORT DISTANCE OF THE PATRIOT CAMP.

Executive Order

In 1912, on the death of James F. Moore, first President of the Association, a monument was erected to his memory. George J. Moore was then elected President and continued in office until 1936.

In 1926, through the efforts of Hon. Charles L. Abernathey, Congressman for this District and the National Society of the Daughters of the American Revolution, the area was transferred by Congressional action to the Federal Government under the administration of the War Department and designated officially as Moore's Creek National Military Park.

In 1929 the remains of Ezekiel and Mary Slocumb were re-interred from Mount Olive, where they were originally buried.

In 1931 a monument was erected at the site of the old bridge. Since that time the bridge has been restored to the same condition as it last existed, except for the floor.

In 1933, by executive order, the area was transferred to the Department of the Interior and placed under the supervision of the National Park Service.

In 1935, Mr. Moore was retired from the service because of age and a Park Ranger-Historian appointed to serve as Superintendent.

This was done in order to provide for research concerning the history of the park and to provide for increased publicity.

Markers placed through the Park designate the route to the different interesting points and monuments.

Every year on Flag Day the Stamp Defiance Chapter of the Daughters of the American Revolution of Wilmington make a pilgrimage to the battlefield.

A regular program is carried out with pledge of allegiance to the flag and reciting the American Creed, also an address is delivered by some notable.






Rivers

As heretofore said, the rivers of this section were the highways and means of transportation during the Revolutionary days, prior to that time, and for many years since.

There is not a more beautiful stream in North Carolina, than our North-East Cape Fear River. We realize this calm river will go on forever in its peaceful tranquility and generation after generation will also enjoy its beauty and the lovely shadows which hallow its waters at sunset. Its banks in some places are very high and the trees that droop over with the different kinds of foliage and gray moss make it quite picturesque. This river is navigable for many miles and abounds in many kinds of the finny tribe.

We also have Black River on the west of the County boundary and there are also several large creeks.

The North-East River enters the Cape Fear River from the east at Wilmington. It has a total of 130 miles, 70 miles in a straight line and has been under improvement since 1890, the clearing of the natural channel for small steamers and boats to Hallsville 88 miles above its mouth. At present 8 feet can be carried to Rocky Point landing, 35 miles from its mouth, 5 feet to Smith's Bridge, 52 miles up, and 3 feet to Croom's Bridge, 8 miles further at all stages.

The North East River enters the County near the middle of the northern boundary and flows in a general southerly direction across the County to the New Hanover County line and thence westerly along this line for a short distance, turning south from the County.

The Black River follows a southeasterly course across the western end of the County, joining the Cape Fear just before the border of County is reached. Practically all of the area to the east is drained by the North-East Cape Fear River and by its tributaries, including Rock Fish, Burgaw, Angola, Moore's Creek, Holly Shelter, Shaken, Merritts and Harrison's Creeks.

To the west of the Atlantic Coast Line Railway the Cape Fear and Black Rivers, together with Long Creek, Moore's Creek, Colvin's Creek, Riley's Creek, Sills and Sawyer's Creeks, furnish the drainage outlets for that section of the County.

Origin of Name Cape Fear

The origin of the name Cape Fear, and its confusion in some of our early maps with Cape Fear, led many years ago to a discussion by the Historical and Scientific Society of Wilmington of which Mr. James Sprunt was the Secretary.

As far back as the first voyage under White, in 1597, it was called the Cape Fear, and in all narratives and by other navigators coming down through the years, the original spelling has been preserved.

In pursuing that inquiry, our attention must be directed to the Cape alone and not to the River. Looking then to the Cape for the idea and River of its name, we find that it is the southernmost point of Smith's Island—a naked, bleak elbow of sand jutting far out into the ocean. Immediately in its front are the Frying Pan Shoals, pushing out still further twenty miles to sea.

Together they stand for warning and for woe. There it stands today, bleak and threatening, and pitiless as it stood three hundred years ago when Greenville and White came nigh unto death upon its sands, and there it will stand bleak and threatening and pitiless until the earth and the sea shall give up their dead.

As its nature, so its name is now, always has been, and always will be, The Cape Fear.

Our North-East Cape Fear and Black River in the western part of the County are both tributaries of the Cape Fear River.






The North-East Cape Fear River
Flowing peacefully along in its quiet way,The North-East River has had an unexcelled daySince its invasion. Years have elapsed—far too soon.When Indian braves canoed by the light of the beautiful moon.Its tranquil waters, as it glides at ease, gives voice,To a sentiment unexpressed, though often quite choice.Its picturesque banks, its symmetrical trees with gray moss which unfold,Presents a picture of peacefulness that can never grow old.Do we wonder why the English came over and settled along,Our beautiful North-East with its placid waters and its forest strong?’Twas a land of beauty, of promise and so peaceful there,On the Banks of our Beautiful North-East Cape Fear.The Pioneer days brought to the North East Cape Fear wealth and renown.From far away England and the Big London Town.The Scotch and the Irish, too, they settled on the Black in the WestThinking of course, which is characteristic, theirs the best.Red sails at sunset, nor the waters of Minnetonka can never compete.With shadows at sunset on our North-East an inspiring retreat.We think of the many, the pleasures derived who have lived on its BankMen of note, Governors, and men of the highest military rank.Whenever we pass by and look at its unruffled calm,Its grandeur, its sereneness, its quietude, a balm—A solace for the weary—a study for the heartThat the Maker of Man's Glory was a Master of Art.Now this beautiful old River is mostly deserted,Times have greatly changed and business mostly diverted,But it flows and flows and it flows gently alongAlways mindful of its duty amid the passing throng.Time does not change nor age its waters mar,While wending its way across the Bar;But like time and tide which wait for no man,Will mingle its waters and pass on to another land.

February 1940.

MATTIE BLOODWORTH.

THE NORTH-EAST CAPE FEAR RIVER

Pender County Health Department

Public health work in Pender County was organized in January, 1941 with the formation of the Onslow-Pender District Health Department under the direction of Dr. H. W. Stevens.

The Health Department accomplishes a year-round program of County-wide immunization clinics offered free to the people of the County. School children are examined and each child immunized to smallpox, diphtheria and typhoid fever with free local clinics for other diseases held about in the County. Also pulmonary tuberculosis cases, suspects, and






family contacts, are examined weekly at fleuroscopic clinics.

Other duties include the inspection of all schools, café’s, meat markets, dairies and abattoirs; also the testing of all water supplies, etc.

This department works in coöperation and conjunction with the Local Board of Health and the North Carolina State Board of Health.

Members of the Pender County Board of Health are K. D. Pigford, Chairman; T. T. Murphy, Secretary; Dr. R. J. Williams, Dr. W. H. Young, Dr. Colin Shaw, and Mr. W. R. Harrell.

Excluding those whose work is confined to Onslow County, the present personnel consists of H. W. Stevens, M. D., Health Officer; Mrs. Mary Stokes Wilson, Miss Alice Peterson, Public Health Nurses, and Mr. John V. Williamson, Sanitarian.

The first Superintendent of Health of Pender County was Dr. William Thomas Ennett, in 1886.

The Welfare Work

In 1932 President Hoover started or inaugurated the Reconstruction Finance Corporation, a program for relief for those whose income was not sufficient to properly feed and clothe their families. On this program only one member of a family was supposed or allowed to work but if the budgeting deficiency was not met with by the person working, other members of the family were allowed to work on this program at 50 cents per day.

The E. R. A. evolved from this Reconstruction Finance Corporation and continued through 1935. At the expiration of this organization, a relief fund was turned over to Mrs. W. T. Bost, at that time President of the State Board of Charities or Commissioner of Public Welfare, for the explicit purpose of organizing or setting up full-time Welfare Departments in the forty counties of North Carolina where

full time Welfare Departments did not exist. This fund was matched by the Counties and full-time superintendents of Welfare were employed. Pender County was the first of these forty counties to establish a Welfare Department and on June 10th, 1936, Miss Viola Scott accepted the work of the County and was the first Superintendent of Public Welfare of Pender.

In connection with this work, Social Security came into effect June, 1937 and is handled through this office, having three separate programs which constitute aid to dependents, old age assistance and aid to the blind.

Miss Scott resigned this office November 1940 to accept other work, now being affiliated with the Blind Commission of North Carolina. Miss Mary Cox (now Mrs. Ed. Batson) became President and resigned in 1943. Miss Ruth Patterson of Durham accepted the work, coming here with very fine references.






BOARD OF EDUCATION AND PENDER COUNTY SCHOOLS
Superintendents

THE Board of Education of Pender County was formed in 1875 with the Board of Commissioners composing the Board of Education who were W. H. French, Miles Armstrong, H. F. Murphy and B. P. Currie, Clerk. At this meeting B. P. Currie was appointed County Examiner as well as clerk to the Board of County Commissioners.

Reverend J. S. Black was later in the year appointed County Examiner and all teachers who applied for schools were given a test or examination as to their ability or education sufficient to teach. Rev. J. S. Black held this office until 1880 when Rev. A. L. Phillips acted as Examiner until J. F. Moore was elected in 1885. Mr. Moore held office until 1892 at which time J. T. Bland was appointed. J. P. Stringfield was Clerk to the Board of Education from 1895 to 1897 when the office of County Examiner was abolished on the first Monday in June 1897 and T. H. W. McIntyre was made Secretary to the Board of Education and Supervisor of the County Schools, until 1901 Reverend L. P. McGeachey was appointed and served until 1903. T. T. Murphy was elected at that time and served until 1906, resigning to finish college—the Reverend Charles H. Utley filling his place until 1909. T. T. Murphy was reelected and has been Superintendent of the Pender County Schools for the past thirty-five years.

The present Board of Education, 1944, consists of: D. J. Farrior, Chairman; Chas. R. Rogers, T. J. Henry, T. T. Murphy, Superintendent. T. E. Bowen, Office Secretary, A. H. Davis, Superintendent Transportation.

Educational Advantages

With the great increase of educational advantages and opportunities in recent years; with the splendid development of hard-surfaced highways and maintenance of our County roads by the Highway Commission, and the modern means of transportation generally, Pender County has slowly but surely forged ahead. If its development has not been as rapid as many of us have desired, let us hope that as we progress with our share of prosperity, that Pender County may soon witness an era of activity and enterprise and achievement which the natural resources of this fertile area may well justify.

Pender County Schools

Prior to the formation of Pender County in 1875, and for many years since that time, the schools of Pender were like most of the school facilities in other rural districts—most inadequate—this being an agricultural County, sparsely settled with a large area and a comparatively poor County financially.

To compare the schools of the present day with the schools of forty years ago, one can hardly conceive of the marvelous change which has developed our Co-Operative School System. Although conditions are yet far from ideal, the great campaign waged for education since 1900 has borne fruit in every section of the County. Conditions satisfactory even ten years ago, are no longer tolerated.

The old building in the Burgaw District known as the






“Academy” was the only two-story and two-room building of any description in the County about 1880, except the Normal and Industrial Colored School of Burgaw. The old house and school grounds were valued at $500. In the Atkinson district, the schoolhouse was valued at $50. These are fair illustrations of the school houses in the largest and the smallest districts of the County.

THE BURGAW HIGH SCHOOL

Burgaw has one of the largest high school structures in the State. The architectural design is of Georgian Colonial style and beauty. This building is well arranged and well equipped with all modern educational facilities, libraries, gymnasium, agricultural building, cafeteria and a well arranged play-ground with forty or more school buses which serve the County schools and are quartered on the grounds during the school term and throughout the summer.

The school has a corps of teachers consisting of about twenty-three in number.

The schools of the County employ around 150 teachers for the nine months’ school term.

The Burgaw White School

During the year 1878 a school committee was appointed for the purpose of erecting a building which was to be used for schools as well as for holding the different church services, and Sunday School as there was not a building in Burgaw suitable for this purpose. In fact this building after completion was used for all entertainments and public gatherings, dances, etc.

According to old records a committee was appointed and their recommendations were approved by Daniel Shaw, Chairman of the Board of County Commissioners. Instead of erecting this building on the lot which was designated for this purpose by the donor, The Wilmington and Weldon Railroad Company at that time, now the Atlantic Coast Line Railroad Company, the Committee built it at the intersection of Cowan and Fremont Streets, facing the Railroad. After the town began to grow and another Committee was appointed, the Academy was moved to Walker Street, back of the Presbyterian Church, on the lot now owned and where the home of Mrs. Elizabeth Lucas stands, the children using the Court House square as their playground. Later this building was sold under the hammer for $125.00, being bought by Dr. Bradford. The lot previously set apart for the school was awarded J. T. Bland for services rendered.

Prior to the erection of the Academy, private schools were taught and many of the buildings used, the pupils sat on anything convenient, a box, a backless chair or a poor uncomfortable makeshift in the form of a home-made desk. At that time there were no globes, maps or apparatus of any kind for the successful teaching of school subjects, especially in this new County and there was very little appropriation for supplies of any kind and no efforts were made to make the school rooms in any way attractive. Under such conditions, the enrollment and attendance was small and the






school buildings that were in existence were little used or appreciated.

The report of the County Superintendent of Schools for July, 1902 showed that the length of the Public School term for the white race that year was forty-eight days or not quite two and half months. The average length of term in 1912 for schools that did not receive any special tax or extra funds was eighty days or four months. This was an increase of two-thirds or thirty-two days over a period of nearly ten years.

In 1908 the School Committee, of which C. E. McCullen was chairman and who continued in that capacity until his death in 1938, voted to erect a brick veneered building. This building was used until the consolidation of the schools of the County, when it was necessary to erect a larger and more modern equipped school building. The Committee selected and bought the present site. The old building was moved to the Negro School grounds, which is located on the same street but at the northern extremity of the town. The White School unit being located at the Southern extremity of Wright Street.

In 1912 the value of the school property was around $30,365.00. The approximate value on June 30, 1938 of equipment and buildings was $400,000.00 which shows what has been done toward education in Pender County.

The forward step in education in Pender County came after a prolonged session of our Legislature in 1931, when the responsibility for financing the school system was taken off the Board of Education and the Board of County Commissioners and placed on the State by Legislative enactment. Notwithstanding this was done, considerable progress had been made within the past forty years, still there is so much work yet to be done that we have scarcely started.

Many of our patrons are beginning to realize as never before that the best investment they can make is the time and money they put into the brains of their children.

The first principal in the old Academy was R. N. Bloodworth. He was succeeded by the following teachers from year to year: Miss Rachel Wright, Archie Black, Stedman Black, James F. Moore, Misses Bettie and Ethel Herring, Rev. G. W. McMillan, Rev. D. P. McGeachey, Miss Smith, George Farnell, Milton McIntosh, J. G. Stokes, B. T. Cooper, J. E. Crutchfield, Pat Williams, E. M. Highsmith, Lee Carlton, David Bland, Lazina Moore, C. O. Fisher, A. C. Hall, K. D. Brown, and E. M. Thompson, Principal of the Burgaw High School.

St. Joseph's School
St. Helena

To plunge into the history of St. Joseph's School with no word of introduction concerning the religious and secular history of our country in the pioneer days would leave the reader with a vague sense of dissatisfaction due to his inability to appreciate just how and why the private school came into being.

Catholics are not opposed to public schools. Together with all other Christian denominations, Catholics believe that a human being has body and soul. For a complete training the pupil's spiritual faculties must also be developed. Catholics therefore are only opposed to the system in our public schools by which religion is excluded. In opposing godless education, Catholics show patriotism and love of our country. Let us see if this is true. Washington, the Father of our Country, said, “Let us with caution indulge the supposition that morality can be maintained without religion. Whatever may be conceded to the influence of refined education on minds of peculiar structure, reason and experience both forbid us to expect that national morality can prevail in exclusion of religious principle.”—Farewell Address. The Constitution of the United States knows nothing of the present public school system. The public school is not






established by Federal statute; was not founded and maintained by our colonial and early American forefathers; was not attended or even seen by a single American who signed the Declaration of Independence, fought in the Revolution, or drew up the Constitution. In fact the first public school began in 1937 where it traces its history to Horace Mann, who then became Secretary to the Massachusetts Board of Education. It therefore remains a historical fact that the early education of the United States was in the hands of the various denominational Protestant groups and the Catholic Church. The first universities and colleges, schools and private tutorships were organized by the churches or religious men.

St. Joseph's School therefore prides itself on being the only religious elementary school in Pender County. Besides the subjects taught in other schools, the children are trained in morals and ethical principles with Christianity as a guide. There are four university graduate teachers making teaching not only their vocation but also their avocation, who teach and train the children. Admission to this school is open to all white children, irrespective of creed. However, in order to retain the high prestige which it enjoys, admission is denied to the mentally afflicted, the incorrigible, and those talented below mediocrity. A child once leaving this school for a public school will never be re-admitted.

Construction on this school was begun on July 22, 1920, when concrete blocks were made by the pastor Rev. Charles Kneussels. The exterior was finished under Father Kneussels, but lacking funds and the death of the pastor, prevented the completion of the school until the coming of the Franciscan Fathers on May 31, 1936. At an expenditure of nearly ten thousand dollars the school was ready for occupancy in September of the same year. Together with the $15,000 spent by Father Kneussels this school cost $25,000.

At present the Superintendent of this school is the Very

Reverend Maurice Imhoff, D.D. The Principal is Sister M. Geraldine, assisted by three other Franciscan Sisters.

A Brief History of the Burgaw Negro High School

The Burgaw Negro High School was organized by the Executive Board of the Middle District Association in October, 1896.

The site of the present campus was selected by a Committee composed of the late Rev. E. J. Bell, K. M. Gavins and Rev. I. M. Powers in 1895.

A Board of Directors was selected to erect and manage the proposed institution—namely: the late Rev. W. M. DeVane, R. Royal, J. L. Fennell, I. M. Powers, E. J. Bell, G. L. Smith, and K. M. Gavins.

The original purpose of the school was for the training of ministers only. It was given the name of the Burgaw Institute, with Dr. A. L. Sumner of Salisbury, N. C. as its first teacher and Professor Wesley Jones assistant. The work was carried on in a one-room county school house, adjacent to the present school site and in Mount Pisgah Baptist Church, which was then a frame building.

After the erection of the administration building, the Rev. W. M. DeVane erected a two-story frame building in 1901. Prof. J. A. Fennell was elected by the Board of Directors as the first Principal under the coöperation of the Board of Education of Pender County, and the Board of Directors of the Middle District Association. After teaching three years, Prof. Fennell resigned to take a position in the City of Winston-Salem. Prof. P. J. Vann was then chosen, who served two years and resigned. Prof. J. A. Fennell was re-elected and asked to return. He accepted and took up the principalship, served for five years, and died.

Prof. L. H. Powell of Lumberton, N. C. was then elected as principal. He served three years and resigned. The






Board of Deacons then asked President Charles F. Merserve of Shaw University to recommend a man. Prof. C. F. Pope, then a teacher in Shaw University, was recommended and accepted the position.

Professor Pope served the school thirty years with Mrs. C. F. Pope, his wife, as Matron, up to the time of her death.

The founders of the school were as follows: Rev. W. M. DeVane, E. J. Bell, R. Royal, I. M. Powers, George L. Smith, G. W. Carr, Elijah Tate, R. C. Murray, J. M. Jenkins, G. W. Davis, David DeVane, Richard Stringfield, Wesley Jones, Rev. Hayes Peterson and Dr. W. H. Moore.

Rev. Peterson is the only living member who founded this school.

When Prof. Pope became Principal of this school in 1914 it was then called the Burgaw Normal and Industrial School. At that time the highest grade was the 6th and the enrolment was about 150. There were five teachers including Prof. Pope, Lizzie B. Pope, Rosalie Jolly, Mamie Moore Scott and Grizell Russell Hubbard. The length of the school term (1914-1915) was then only six months, but the teachers gave their services free and ran the school eight months that year. At that time—1914 and 1915—there were only four and half acres of land and two buildings in which there were only four classrooms and no auditorium. The main building was destroyed by fire and since that time they have a school campus of six and a half acres and eight buildings in all, and one a substantial brick building. Before the County put on buses there were a number of boarding students and now the school has several buses that transport around a hundred students daily. The present enrolment is: high school students 185, elementary 366, with a total of 521. The present number of teachers, 11. This school was put on the list of accredited high schools in 1924. The name of the school was then changed from the Burgaw Normal and Industrial to the present name, The Burgaw Colored High School. Since 1920 500 have graduated. During the

past twenty-four years students have been enrolled from many sections of the State.

The Pender County Negro Training School

After a lapse of five years without a public school, the patrons of Rocky Point became interested in having a public school for their children. This was made possible through the efforts of Mrs. Sujette L. Smith, Jeanes Supervisor.

The Patrons gave $400.00 for the first school building which consisted of four rooms. This contribution was supplemented by the Rosenwald Fund and the County.

This school opened in the winter of 1917-18. The enrolment ranged from 218 in the first grade to seven in the seventh grade. It opened with the Rev. D. B. Mdodana as Principal and his wife as teacher. The enrolment was so heavy that another teacher, Mrs. Hattie V. Gattison, had to be added the second week and another the third week—Miss Margaret Mosely.

It was learned that the school could qualify as a County Training School if it had more land. Since the school did not own the amount of land needed for qualification, $1,250 worth of land was purchased through the efforts of Mr. George Cannady, Winslow Nixon and David Bryant Wood. This included land for the Principal's House.

Their purchase was rewarded by the Pender County Training School being established at Rocky Point.

Classes were still being held in the original four-room structure and a moonlight school was held and helped to reduce the illiteracy in the community.

Mr. D. L. Gore, a prominent merchant of Wilmington, N. C., delivered a commencement address and was so impressed with the good work being done that he gave the school a deed for ten acres of land on November 28, 1923.

During the fourth year the teaching staff was increased to five, although the original structure was not enlarged.






The actual work of the Training School was begun with the introduction of the teaching of vocational agriculture and home economics. The school term was six months.

The next year the faculty was increased to eight teachers. Prof. S. C. Anderson came from Hampton Institute as the agriculture teacher. At this time vocational agriculture was something new in North Carolina and the people knew very little about it. Prof. Anderson had a very hard time trying to get the work started. The farmers in the community were against such training in the school and sent petitions to the principal asking him not to send their children to the agriculture classes. They frankly said that they could teach their children how to farm at home.

Prof. Anderson had no classroom in which to instruct his classes but he was determined not to fail and therefore held his classes on the outside of the building under a big pine tree during that school year. Vocational agriculture was started in the third grade and continued through the sixth grade.

Rev. Mdodana resumed his responsibilities as a preacher at the end of the fourth year of the school.

T. T. Ringer became the principal of the school in 1922. A full-time home economics teacher was employed at this time and in the spring Prof. Anderson with a group of farmers, together with wagons and log carts, went in the woods, sawed logs, hauled them to a nearby sawmill, cut lumber and put it on the school ground. Prof. Anderson took the boys during the summer and built a two-room agriculture building.

After this was done the farmers realized that vocational agriculture was going to improve their community and they supported it 100%.

The patrons through a community rally raised $1,035 for a dormitory. This was later lost in a bank failure.

Introduction of buses in 1926 appreciably brought up the enrollment and attendance. The same year a high school building was added. The teaching staff had now reached eleven. The enrolment was 349 students.

The school showed much progress in the next two years. In 1928 the school became an accredited high school. In 1929 the Mooretown School was consolidated with this school. The enrolment at this time was 369 students.

In 1931, T. T. Ringer, the principal died and Prof. Anderson, the agriculture teacher, finished the term as principal.

A new and more spacious agriculture building was constructed during the summer of 1938. The enrolment of the school was 396 students and a faculty of eleven teachers.

John T. Daniel, a graduate of A. and T. College became the new principal in 1931. The total enrolment of the school was 396 students and a faculty of thirteen teachers.

During the past few years the school has made much progress physically. In 1932 the Anderson Building was erected. It housed two of the primary grades, and in 1935 the Ashton School was consolidated with this school. Also in the year 1938 Murphy Hall was erected and is used by the High School department.

The school now has an enrolment of 602 students, a faculty of twenty-one teachers and a housing plant of eight buildings including the principal's home.

Dr. Pender Porter of New York and Rocky Point, in making his will, left this school around $3,000 to be used in the advancement of education and manual training, which is one of the principle factors of this school.






VILLAGES and COMMUNITIES
Atkinson

DURING the year 1880 a survey was made from Fayetteville to Wilmington, across the western part of Pender County, to establish the most feasible route to build a railroad, or extend the line of the Cape Fear and Yadkin Valley Railroad from the seacoast to the mountains, a distance of 350 miles, the Southern extension being completed in 1882, at which time a local railroad station was built and established in Atkinson on the lot given by W. H. Lewis, who owned considerable holdings in that section.

In 1883 the town of Atkinson was laid out on the lands of W. H. Lewis, consisting of 50 acres employed in the location of this site. At that time the town was called Lewis, in consequence of Mr. Lewis’ giving of his time and efforts toward the building up of this section. After the town was incorporated Mr. Lewis being at that time Chairman of the Town Board, renamed the town Atkinson, the name being in commemoration of an engineer named Atkinson who was one of the main factors in the completion of this road.

In 1888 a school building was erected and a successful school was operated. In this school unit was a dormitory for boys and one for girls and pupils from every section of the County went there for schooling, until fire destroyed all the buildings which was a heavy loss to the town and the community at large.

In 1925 the County erected the present school unit which is apparently complete and a very satisfactory school has

been conducted with a corps of very fine teachers for a number of years.

Atkinson has three churches which were built in the earlier days of the town on the lots designated or donated by Mr. Lewis. They are the Baptist, Presbyterian and Episcopal churches.

In the years that have passed and at the present time Atkinson is in the midst of a fine farming section where lots of produce and all kinds of truck are made and shipped. In this vicinity there are a number of blueberry farms, listed with the North Carolina Blueberry Association.

Many families of culture and refinement reside in the town and vicinity of Atkinson, one of whom we all feel proud—Mrs. Mary Colvin Murphy of Washington, D. C., who was reared in Atkinson. After marrying Dr. W. B. Murphy they moved to Snow Hill, N. C., where they resided until sometime after the death of Dr. Murphy.

Representatives of many of the old families who continue to live in that vicinity are the Colvin family, Simpson, Shaw, Moore, Murphy, Hawes, Keith, Lewis, Peterson, Walker, Corbett, Beard, Pridgen, and many others not familiar.

We also find two very fine physicians—Drs. G. C. Beard and Colin Shaw, who practice their profession throughout that section of the County.

St. Helena

The history of St. Helena is unique in the State of North Carolina. Its inception betokens more of the early pioneer days of our country than an epoch of this century.

It is the first of several agricultural colonies developed for immigrants by Hugh Mac Rae, Wilmington real estate promoter.

This section was originally a virginal undeveloped woodland. In the spring of 1906 the first seven Italians arrived; in the fall of the same year eight Italian families settled






here. By 1909 the colony had over forty families, or at least one hundred and fifty people, directly from Italy. Clearing of the woods, grape growing, and farming were their main occupations. In the year 1914 all of the Italians, except one family, moved away from St. Helena. In the spring of 1915 came twelve families of refugees from Belgium. There were about seventy-five Belgians in this group. Not having been reared as farmers they departed from St. Helena the same year, only one Belgian family remained. In the year 1916 there arrived eight Hungarian families. In 1918 twelve Slovak and six Serbian families arrived. All of the Serbians and Slovaks moved away, except one Slovak family. In 1918 there came eighteen families, mainly Ukranians, Austrian-Galicians, and Russians. It is this mixed group, combined with the very few families of the first settlers, that are now the citizens of St. Helena.

The farmers of St. Helena, after years of experience, concluded that in unity there is strength. Not having an organization of their own they joined the Wilmington Truck Growers’ Association as a branch in 1917. They remained affiliated with Wilmington until 1921 when they felt strong enough to form an organization of their own. Thus was organized the “St. Helena Truck Growers,” which flourished until 1932 when, because of dissension, this union divided into one branch which retained the original name, and another which called itself “Indepndent Truck Growers Association.” These two separate societies continued till 1937 when they again reunited under the name of the United Truck Growers Association.

The officers of this organization in the year 1942 are: John Spizak, President; Nestor Boruch, Secretary; Alex DeBaylo, Treasurer.

The purpose of this organization among the St. Helena farmers is coöperation, advice and consultation and a seeking of fair prices for their commodities.

Besides the above organizations, many of the St. Helena farmers belong to the National Farm Bureau Association.

Hampstead

The Community of Hampstead, located on U. S. Coastal Highway No. 17 about eighteen miles north of Wilmington, consists of a number of attractive residences and several stores and eating places. Also located at Hampstead is a large peanut cleaning plant owned and operated by J. W. Howard. There are also several fish and oyster houses that ship these products of the Sound and ocean to the different sections of the State and points outside of the State. This enterprise is well located for this purpose, being only a very short distance to the Sound, the Inland Waterway and the ocean.

The land through and around Hampstead as well as all along the coast is well adapted to peanuts and produces this ground nut in very large quantities, as well as the watermelon, canteloupe and truck crops generally and is also well adapted to bulbous crops.

Just a few miles west of Hampstead is a large blueberry farm of about fifty acres, which is most profitable, the land in that section being well adapted to growing of this berry.

One of Pender's high schools is located at Hampstead and is quite a credit to that vicinity. Churches of several denominations dot this community and all along the coast many of the old settlers of Revolutionary days built homes and lived throughout this section and it is a very interesting part of the County.

It was in this section and all along the coast that many of the old families during the War Between the States made and sold salt from the waters of the Sound and ocean, the salt selling as high as $50 per bushel.

Many of these old salt pans are still scattered in evidence at some of the old homes.






Watha

Watha, a little town on the Atlantic Coast Line Railroad, was formerly located on Washington Creek, near the river and known as old South Washington and was connected with Wilmington and Goldsboro by stage-coach. When the railroad was built, around 1836, it was moved to the present site and still went by the name of South Washington. Later, as there was also another town named Washington in the State, which caused the mails to be missent, its name was changed to Watha.

The upper part of the County was more of a settlement than Burgaw forty years after the building of the Wilmington & Weldon Railroad, so much so that Watha was made the temporary County seat of Pender for about one year and the first Superior Court held in the County was in an old building owned by Mr. Edward Rivenbark.

Watha bid fair at one time to be the leading town of the County but the loss of its manufacturing plants paralized business to a very great extent. During its boom four churches were erected and still stand—Methodist, Baptist, Holiness and Catholic, which stand as marks of her citizens’ loyalty to a Supreme Being.

Watha is and has been the home of some of Pender's interesting citizens and among them, while not a native-born, but who came to this section to teach and married, adopting Watha as her home, is the genial and progressive-spirited citizen, Mrs. Maggie Lee. “Mrs. Maggie,” as she is affectionately known since her residence here, has been the prevailing spirit of inspiration in that section and a charitable benefactress to this community and the surrounding country.

Canetuck

The section of the County comprising Canetuck is located between the western branch of the Coast Line Railroad,

several miles beyond Currie, and the western branch of the Cape Fear River, the historic Black River.

Here we find some of the richest soil for farming purposes in the County. It is the so-called “Black Lands,” that seem to be very productive.

In this community we find the Keith, Marshall and Pridgen families, and many other families who have resided in this section for years past.

Through good authority, it is said that Canetuck Township has always been the first township or section to pay its taxes annually and before any other township.

It is said that the first time the name Canetuck appeared in public, was when two Negroes, many years ago, went out hunting and they caught so much wild game, they were unable to carry it to their homes or destination; so they decided to stop at a ford across Buckle Swamp. It seems the swamp was covered in cane, and in order to secure their game they cut lots of the cane and would tuck the smaller game down in the mud with the cane until they could get their team to haul it back, and tradition has it that this section has continued the name of “Canetuck” since that event.

Rocky Point

Rocky Point, nine miles south of Burgaw, is a small community of several hundred people, some of whom farm, operate mercantile businesses, and many of the younger generation commute between here and Wilmington where they work mostly with the Coast Line Railroad Company and other companies.

Many years ago during Revolutionary times, and since that time, Rocky Point was the residence of many Colonial families. Col. Maurice Moore, Speaker Swann, Speaker Moseley, Capt. William Ashe, Alexander Lillington, John Swann, George Moore, John Porter, Colonel Jones, Colonel






Merritt, the Lanes, and many other gentlemen of influence.

It was the center from which had radiated the influence that directed popular movements, and the residences of other active leaders. There is no doubt but that their plans were considered and the proceedings agreed upon that involved the united action of all the neighboring counties.

Rocky Point has always been famous for its wonderfully fertile soil, growing bountiful crops each year without the aid or use of much fertilizer. Within a radius of five miles there are as many as five thousand acres of marl sub-soil land that will last as long as time itself.

In 1880-1-2 the French Brothers operated the rock quarries and marl beds on their property called Excelsior Plantation, known at that time as the only place where this kind of fertilizer was made from the chalk marl deposits. At that time the State chemists recommended it most highly.

The Rock that filled the new inlet below Wilmington, when the channel of the Cape Fear was deepened, came from Rocky Point section on the North East Cape Fear River and, when completed in 1875, was called “The Rocks.”

At the Vats the river makes a sudden bend and a prominent point of rocks juts out into the river. It was here the explorers ate their dinner on a table rock, when on their expedition.

The name Rocky Point was given to that portion of the County lying west of the North East River as far as the Atlantic Coast Line Railroad, taking its name from the rocky point, or bend in the river.

Rocky Point has an Elementary School, which has been under the supervision of Mrs. R. W. Southerland for a number of years, in a most satisfactory manner, and her untiring efforts to build up and maintain this school, together with her civic pride, has gained for her much credit for her ability to accomplish her mission along educational lines.

Also located at Rocky Point is the Pender County Negro

Training School, which is one among the most creditable schools in the County.

Rocky Point has several churches which are all quite active.

Rocky Point has been the home of the present families for many years. The Armstrong, Brown, Durham, Sparkman, Pearsall, Casteen, Porter, Rhodes, Westbrook, Futch, Hayes, Sidbury, Batts, and the family of Dr. R. J. Williams and the Bloodworths, who have lived in the vicinity of Rocky Point since Revolutionary times.

Bannerman's Bridge Community

For many years this section of Pender was one of the most interesting sections of the County and a community of refined, interesting people.

From Revolutionary times and for many years after the War Between the States, the North East Cape Fear River was their means of transportation and a regular schedule of runs between Wilmington and Croom's Bridge was carried on for years until many of the old families moved away to other communities and business generally became stagnant.

The Bannermans, Players, Williams, Armstrongs and James families were pioneers of that section, the Humphrey family coming in years later.

Stoney Brook was the home of the Williams (R. T.) family and only one member of that family lives in the same house in which she was born.

Hickory Hill was owned by David Williams, a captain in the Confederate Army, who was killed around Richmond, in battle, in 1864.

Bear Garden, another old estate, was the home of a member of the Player family.

Adjacent to Bannerman's Bridge is Blake's Bridge. This bridge was named for this family living in and around this section. There were a number of families who composed






this community but have long since moved away to other sections quite remote. There were the Andersons, Blakes, Meeks, and many other families, all reaching toward Maple Hill, another community of interesting people. Practically all of the property in and around this immediate section belongs to the West Virginia Pulp and Paper Company.

Bannerman's Bridge

When the second bridge at Bannerman's was built in 1860, the following lines, descriptive and commemorative of the celebration on the occasion of opening the bridge over the North East River in Holly Shelter District (which was then a part of New Hanover, now Pender County), on July 19, 1860, were written by C. Rowe:

We here will attempt by solicitation,With outline descriptive to give,Of our late Muser-field celebration,That it may in memory live.The bright morning arose, our prospects to cheer,But the day was rather too warm;Yet, people like insects, for that did not care,And took sunny weather to swarm.When first we arrived at the place for the fair,On the bright North East River Bank,We noticed a crowd was gathering there,Of nearly all ages and rank.A stage was prepared near the foot of the bridge,For speakers at pleasure to talk,It commanded a valley, likewise the ridge,Where people at leisure could walk.We saw some militia parading the bridge,With music of fiddles and flute;And soon they were seen promenading the bridge,And gave a firing salute.Then they came to a halt, some moments to rest,Re-loading in order complete;So that at the close of each speaker's addressThe firing again should repeat.Next thing the order of the day was proclaimed,In a voice justly commended.By a marshal whom a committee had named,To tell us what was intended.The Theme of the day was “Growing Improvement,”Which all of the speakers sustained;The people all seemed well pleased at the moment,And no one was heard to complain.The first on the stand was a reverend friend,(Rev. Duncan B. Black)To whom all were willing to hark;The speech he delivered all did commend,In each and every remark.The second in order was a grave looking youth,(J. Kit Rowe)He spoke with much zeal in the cause;All his remarks seemed well based on the truth,For which he received much applause.An illiterate friend now came to the cause,But soon his eulogy ended;For the people got up such game and such noise,Soon from the stage he descended.By this time we all saw a rich table spread,Beneath some green hickory trees,From which nearly six hundred people were fed,As they came like so many bees.Then, farther along, a counter bench stood,Beneath a beautiful shade,Where the thirsty might come, as many as would,And drink of the cool lemonade.




A love for improvement seemed cherished that dayThe wood-land looked pleasant and green;While old opposition seemed perished away,And nothing but friendship was seen.The ladies that came to grace the occasion,Like stars in the middle of the night;Their beauty adorned the whole celebrationAnd gave us a feast of delight.The beauty of some who were present that day,Shone out with a luster so bright,Like the rays of the sun if gazed at too longWas deeply impressed on the sight.The longer I try a description to give,The harder I find it to do,I'll leave it to some one, that may if they willAnd bid the vain trial adieu.Smith's Bridge and Croom's Bridge Communities

For years prior to the War Between the States communities were settled by families whose ancestors had plowed, planted and reaped their harvests of farm produce, lived well and, like all communities, there have been marked changes as the years have passed.

Both of these River Bridges took their names from some of the old families who resided in that community. The Croom family resided at Croom's Bridge for years and years, as well as the Rowe family who have owned acres and acres of land in that section and some of their descendants continue to live in that community.

Shelter Neck Community

It was in this vicinity of Croom's Bridge, a short distance also from Smith's Bridge, that in 1905 a school was established by the Unitarians from Boston, Massachusetts, who came to North Carolina for the purpose of extending that wing of the Liberal or Unitarian Church in the South. Various sections of western North Carolina were visited and contact made for the purpose of disseminating Unitarianism.

The most outstanding school of the group was at Shelter Neck, Pender County, located near the North East Cape Fear River about one-half mile from Croom's Bridge. In this locality there was no public school at that time and many families lived within a radius of a few miles of the school.

Here, at Shelter Neck, the Unitarians, headed by such men of note as Edward Everett Hale, Charles W. Elliott and other Boston ministers, writers and educators, financed the new school. The Reverend W. S. Key, an Englishman by birth, was sent to the school as minister, educator and special worker.

There was so much done in the way of social and educational work that little or no attention was directed to the task of spreading Unitarianism. Unlike most Missionary enterprises the Unitarians found that common necessities of life, better living conditions, and general work for higher standards of education, came before the spreading of religious dogmas.

Accordingly, Rev. Mr. Key was accepted in the County as a man with a great heart for all the people. He exerted a stimulus to fight harder for schools, colleges, and particularly the practical arts, such as domestic science, manual training for the school boys, etc.

This school was active for almost twenty-five years at Shelter Neck, from 1905 to 1928. There was a day school






for the neighborhood children and many walked for three miles to attend classes each day. There were also provisions for boarding school children, who, at little or no cost to themselves or their families, were given opportunities of an education. Aside from the usual school courses, elocution, public speaking, music, vocational training, and domestic science, as well as other courses, were given.

Through the years and ages to come, the effect and influence of the work done by this group of people will be a lasting monument, not only to Dr. Key, who has passed on to his reward, but also to Mrs. Peterson, a most refined well-educated woman, who was among the greatest of this organization. By her untiring efforts and marked ability, she wielded an influence that has been, and will continue to be, a lasting factor among the people of these communities.

Six Forks Community

The Six Forks Community has been a thriving community for many, many years. The Murray family, and what is called Murray Town, was settled by some of the oldest settlers of this community, reaching back to Revolutionary days, coming direct from Scotland where they lived from generation to generation along the river front and in and around Six Forks. Mount Aetna, where the Chapel Church now stands, was the home of James Moore, whose descendants are scattered throughout the country.

The Northeast Academy was located in this vicinity and most of the children of that age went to school there as they had all well educated men who were teachers. Rev. Stedman Black and Mr. Archibald Black taught there for several years, as well as others, and pupils from every near by section attended this school.

It was also the home of the older family of Sanders, of whom Louis Sanders was the father of a number of children. He was a man of great piety. He was the father of

Dr. R. T. Sanders, who practiced medicine in this section and moved to Burgaw later in life, where he practiced his profession. Some members of this family continue to live at Six Forks.

During the war it is said, when the soldiers of the North were going through from place to place, leaving desolation behind, a belligerent daughter, by name of Sarah Sanders, was admonished by her father to pray. She replied, “Oh, dast the dom yankess to hell, pappy, I jest can't pray.” It was here at Six Forks that Co. K. was organized at the Northeast Academy, under David Williams who was made Captain and left Burgaw for the front, having been notified to assemble at Garysburg. In May, ’61 they began to report to the officer in charge of the camp.

Maple Hill

Maple Hill, in the extreme eastern section of Pender County, with its broad open spaces, is quite an agricultural center and a community of fine farmers who are known for their delectable ham meats, turkeys, etc.

Maple Hill is said to be named for the number of maple trees, or a large maple tree that stood on a hill either in or adjacent to the community.

This community has been the home of the James family for many, many years, their ancestors originally coming from Wales during Colonial times. Now the family, like many others, is scattered all over, but the elder member, Mr. Gibson James, represented the County in the Legislature two consecutive terms and was also a member of the Board of County Commissioners for several years. Joshua James, son of Gibson James, resigned as Clerk of the Superior Court in Pender to volunteer for the army.

Maple Hill has furnished many patriotic citizens both in






the War Between the States, the First World War, as well as World War II.

Kinchen F. Powers was Sheriff of Pender County for one term and Ben Wooten Court Crier for a number of years, where many of his family have resided for years as well as the Laniers, Raynors, and many other farmers; some of its farmers marketing as many as five thousand turkeys in a season.

Scott's Hill

Scott's Hill is the community settlement just over the New Hanover County line on Route No. 30 — the New Bern Highway—and where have lived and died many people of note and refinement.

It was the old home of the Bryan family who came to this section around 1870 and whose older heads have passed out of the picture. It has been the home of the Foy family for many years, some of the younger generation still continuing to live there. The elder Joe T. Foy represented the County in the Legislature for three consecutive terms and was connected with the County management in its earlier history as County Commissioner and also with the Board of Education.

The Shepherd family of this section, of whom Dr. Joe T. Shepherd of Wilmington is an offspring, as well as the Nixons, Sidburys, Kings and many others resided here.

There are several old attractive homes in this vicinity and several old churches, and all along through that section are places of historic interest.

It was just a short distance out of Scott's Hill that, according to tradition, Washington and his party stopped and ate their lunch under an old water oak tree. For this reason the Daughters of the American Revolution of the Stamp Defiance Chapter have placed a stone to mark this historic spot.

The McClammy family was one of the distinguished families of this section of whom Mr. Herbert McClammy, one of Wilmington's able lawyers, was a Pender County son.

Lillington or Long Creek

The dawn of the Nineteenth Century found the present site of the Community of Lillington an uninhabited wilderness, nothing broke its silence save the chirp of the merry birds, the bark of the squirrel, or the howl of the wolf, heard in those days. The present main street was but a new road and is today highway No. 60, and fresh at that time were the tomahawks that trimmed it out. There was a rough passage at this place at the time of the Battle of Moore's Creek, February 27, 1776, but not what could be called an open public road for general travel. There was no bridge across Long Creek but a ferry was kept for the convenience of those who might pass this way in gig or chariot. The old post that held the chain or grapevine of the ferryman of that day may be seen at the end of the footway beyond the bridge. But one house was here at that time—just an ordinary log-cabin, so common in those days. It stood on the corner near the bridge and was built by Jack Walker. Soon another house was built by James Portervine on the spot where the old John A. Jones dwelling house stood. The third house built in Lillington was a small one opposite James Portervine, across the road, and at one time held the town bell when occupied by W. T. Newell. This locality began to come into notice for its convenience on the road between Wilmington and Fayetteville. The only libraries in this section of the State was the one at this town and the one in Wilmington.

Many families of distinguished lineage resided in this section during Revolutionary times.

It was here in Lillington that the first Masonic Lodge was established on June 12, 1851—Lodge No. 138, King Solomon's Lodge.

Long Creek Village, as it is now called, was during Colonial days a very prosperous little village by the name of Lillington, and many of the old settlers made their homes






throughout this section and were large planters. Until last year it has been the home of one of its older families, Reverend Henry Bell, who was Chaplain in the United States Army since the administration of President Grover Cleveland, until 1942, when he passed away at the age of 93. The old home has recently been renovated and opened by his daughter, Mrs. Marcia Miller of Washington, D. C.

The Big Savanna

The Big Savanna is known to many botanists, scientists and biologists.

Here we find many wild flowers of different kinds and it is a veritable flower garden from early spring until late fall.

Here we find the Venus Fly Trap, which Darwin called the most wonderful plant in the world. In this plant the principle of the common steel trap is seen to have long

VENUS FLY TRAP

antedated that of the mechanical invention. Indeed, the fly-trap long antedated man himself.

After a Venus Fly Trap catches, kills, and digests a fly, it rests for several days. During this time a fly may alight on its leaf with safety.

Dr. B. W. Wells of State College says that the Savanna Garden, when at its height, in its display of wild flowers, is positively one of the finest in America, and that he knows of nothing to match it.

He says it is certainly worth going to see between the first and fifteenth of July.

The area near the Railroad is a massed display of floral loveliness, as those plants have not spread entirely over the whole garden.

In his treatise on the Natural Gardens of North Carolina, Dr. Wells says that the flowers of our Big Savanna and the eastern flat lands, that nature attains, in our State, her fullest and most varied expressions of loveliness in the form of wild flowers, and that only the spring display of the Mountain Meadows can rival the unusual wild flower show of our lower coastal plain grass sedge bogs. One is the famous area known as the Big Savannah which is located north of Burgaw, about two miles, and covers around fifteen hundred acres. Fortunately, our Savannah gardens of wild flowers
are not confined to the spring season, but during summer and the late fall the continuation of these flowers make glorious this section of our County.

The different varieties of wild flowers are too numerous to mention and the botanical names are very difficult, though we give you a few of them as they come through the different months throughout the year.






The harbinger of spring is called the night nodding bog dandelion, which sleeps until 8 A. M., but is fully awake by 10 o'clock. We then find bright patches of early blue violets here and there and a little later the yellow trumpet looms up with its long petals, and then the golden goblets are scattered all over the expanse of green. The blue butterworts appear around the first of April and the bladderworts, with their tiny yellow flowers on slender stems, make their appearance. Along the first of May the orchids appear in very large numbers and around the middle and late May is the Iris Show, with but one specie, but it is so numerous that the Savannah is blue with its flowers, making a very beautiful display.

Also the delicate flowers of the venus fly-trap are locally abundant and troops of the early plant flowers begin to crowd in, soon to be followed by many grasses.

With June some of the pipe-worts, both small and large ones, which resemble magnified hat pins stuck in a pin cushion. The most modest bunch of flowers (the triantha racemosa) may now be seen everywhere and more modest still is the sky-blue little lobelia trying to keep above the grass. But the great event which June brings in her train is the coming in of the medow beauties, two or three species of rose-colored flowers and one of the finest products of this Natural Garden is the exquisite eight- or ten-petaled sabatia with its delicate rose-tinted petals.

Standing in places so thick they touch each other like people in a crowd, are these wild Savannah orchids, a mass of the purest white-spurred flowers and they apparently come on the scene about the same time.

In August the tallest species with showy flowers come in, with their lax clusters of prominent star-like blossoms.

The slender-stemmed gerardias may now be seen, as August closes, beginning to splash purple masses over the area, making a floral chain binding August to September.

With September the turn of the season begins and tells

the story of the approaching end of this wild flower procession.

October comes in bringing on the final gay plants, the golden color of the last scene, the rayless flat-topped golden rod is seen, which is a close relative of the golden rod proper, which has its flowers in a more or less vertical mass, rather than arranged in flat top clusters, like those of Queen Anne's lace.

Other yellow elements enhance the effect in putting on the final gorgeous scene. Here we find the coreopsis, unusual species of sun-flowers and the Savannah golden rod which all come in to make the grand finale, the thrilling golden spectacle.

Fields of acres and acres of poppies west of Rocky Point make an attractive show as does the yellow jasmine in early spring, as well as the dogwood trees that enhance the beauty of our forests.

Coastal Plain Station

The Coastal Plain Station of Pender County is under the local Supervision of Dr. Charles Deering and a corps of efficient assistants.

The Station is owned by the North Carolina Department of Agriculture and is a part of a system of branch stations for the purpose of better serving the different soil regions and agricultural districts of the State. This Station represents the soil type of the southeastern part of the State, where the soils are principally of the fine Norfolk sandy loam type.

The elevation of the Coastal Plain Station is 51 feet above sea level. The Station was established in 1905 and at the present time has an area of 293 acres. The Station serves a district represented by some ten counties in the southeastern part of North Carolina. In this region, while cotton, corn and tobacco are the principal crops, there is






also extensive agricultural business based upon the growth of truck crops and small fruits.

In recent years live stock developments, especially the dairy and swine industries, have made rapid strides. The work of the Station is of a varied nature and is for the purpose of serving the agricultural needs of the district.

There are special meetings at the Station at various times, as they seem to be called for, in the interest of special agricultural industries. For example, there are poultry days, strawberry days, and dairy days, in which these subjects are dealt with scientifically. An annual Field Day is held in September, the purpose of which is to bring people of the different sections together and permit them to gain agricultural information, inspiration, and a knowledge of the Station in order that they may make use of it at other times. While the Station is interested in disseminating information and in serving agriculture and the people of the section in every possible way, its prime interest is in the development of new agricultural information through research. In this work it has the coöperation of the State Agricultural Experiment Station at State College and the U. S. Department of Agriculture.

As an indication of the value of the Station to this section, is its work in producing and introducing the Blackmore

COASTAL PLAIN STATION

strawberry which has sold at a premium for several years. The strawberry industry in North Carolina is a two-million-dollar industry and is centered in this district, and the value of this industry has done more to enrich the section than the entire cost of the Station to the State up to this time. It is said that the Station is not self-sustaining entirely, because it does research work. Its profits are not in dollars and cents, but beneficial information.

The Coastal Plain Station is located about one mile north of the town of Willard and is accessible by hard surface roads and by the Atlantic Coast Line Railroad that runs through its lands.

Invershiel

This farm, made up of part of three colonial farms which were worn out under the tenant system prevailing since the Civil War, has been redeemed and is now one of the most productive in the County or in Eastern Carolina.

Hugh MacRae, the owner of Invershiel, has been interested over a period of years in the development of certain branches of animal husbandry in this section of North Carolina.

By bringing together bits of usable and valuable information from a number of States and from different countries, a system of continuous grazing of animal crops has been accomplished most satisfactorily.

This is Mr. MacRae's slogan: “The South will come into its own when the fields are green in winter.”

Surely, Pender County has profited by his help and timely ideas and when the people of our County realize the importance of year-round pastures, Pender will become more enriched by this method.






GRAZING ON OATS AND BUR CLOVER IN DECEMBER AT INVERSHIEL

The Blueberry Farm of Harold Huntingdon

In wending one's way through the winding road to the western part of the County of Pender and before reaching Beatty's Bridge on the western branch of the Cape Fear River, namely, Black River, we pass through the blueberry farm of Harold Huntingdon of New Jersey.

Mr. Huntingdon has 1,330 acres of land in this plot and 100 acres set in blueberries. Just before reaching the farm proper one comes to a small pine forest and to the right, off the highway, among the whispering pines, about 200 feet, we find nestling there an attractive little bungalow of five rooms, conveniently arranged and comfortably fitted. Here Mr. Huntingdon and his family spend several months of the year looking after his possessions, though he has a capable manager there throughout the year.

During the spring of 1938 he shipped 12,000 sixteen-pint crates of exceedingly fine blueberries encased in cellophane to the Northern markets.

On this farm he has 100 acres bearing with five varieties which ripen one week apart. They are the Cabot, Pioneer, Rancocas, Concord and Rubel. Mr. Huntingdon has planted an additional 50 acres of practically the same varieties which will come into bearing within four or five years. These plants are hardy and, if properly pruned, will produce for years and years.

He employs on this farm anywhere from 30 to 600 helpers during the season and his payroll, at the end of the 1938 season, aggregated around $15,000, the potential earnings may be safely stated to be around $40,000 from this one farm alone.

This farm is well laid out, though the County Highway runs directly through it. There are convenient packing houses and the entire farm has an up-to-date irrigating system, which in this climate is rather unusual, though highly convenient when the average rainfall is not sufficient.






This farm is said to be the largest privately owned blueberry farm in the United States. Twenty years ago this land was in long leaf pine, which was cut out by the owner, made into lumber and shipped to different markets. It was known as cut-over land, sandy land that produces in its second growth old field pines, scrub oaks and gall berries; sour land, that is apparently only good to hold the world together. A thinking mind conceived the idea of a berry farm. The idea became a reality. But it took brain, brawn and capital to develop this sour land into a little gold mine.

Now we have scattered about over our Country hundreds of acres that have been planted to the blueberry.

(P. S. Written from an interview with Mr. Huntingdon.)

The Blueberry Industry

The blueberry industry of Pender County has developed into one of the largest of the berry businesses, surpassing

SCENE IN PACKING SHED J. A. MURPHY'S BLUEBERRY FARM

that of the strawberry or dewberry business in acreage and in monetary values.

In this Pender Cooperative Association, there are at least one thousand acres planted to blueberries and producing on an average of 800 crates per acre. J. A. Murphy of Atkinson has an avreage of 40 acres which produced this year—1944—eighty-six hundred and thirty crates from a variety of cabot, rancocas, jersey, june, stanley, scammell and weymouth berries.

Likewise George Spade, Otto Wells, Key & Cutts, Isaac Wright, Caveleer and McDonald acreages run from fifteen to thirty-five; Gale Harrison has fifty acres and D. F. Weir of Hampstead also has fifty acres.

Penderlea Homestead

In February, 1934, the United States Department of the Interior purchased for the Subsistence Homestead Corporation a tract of 4,500 acres of land in the northwest corner of Pender County, North Carolina, proposing to build 300 homesteads of from three to ten acres each. This type of land was known as “cut-over woodland,” but of a fertile soil type. Development began immediately. Roads were built, land cleared and a construction camp erected. Work went forward rapidly. In 1935 the project was taken over by the Resettlement Administration. Ten dwellings and accompanying outbuildings having been erected, settlers were selected for those ten homes, the first of them chosen moved into their homes on April 1st, 1934.

After the acquisition of Penderlea by the Resettlement Administration it was decided to develop 142 units of approximately 20 acres each. In June 1936 construction of these units was completed and homesteaders were moved in rapidly. In March, 1936 options were secured on 6,000 acres adjoining Penderlea and designated as the Penderlea Extension. Fifty additional units have been constructed on






this new area which will accommodate 158 additional homesteads of 30 acres each making a total of 300 units. A farmstead consists of a modern home, (from four to six rooms, depending upon the size of the family), individual water supply operated by an electric pump, storage tanks for hot and cold water, barn, poultry house, A-type hog house, barn, and a combination wash and smokehouse.

When we think of the vast amount of work that it has taken to carve out and build 194 homes and farms from the wilds of Pender County's growth of gall berries, broom sage, and pine forests, it is really astounding to note the progress that has been made within the last four or years years on the Penderlea Farms Project by the Farm Security Administration, and which has been under the supervision of W. H. Robbins of Burgaw for the past three years. This project is located about eight miles northwest of Burgaw. Today many beautiful homes with all modern conveniences, attractive outhouses and with carefully cultivated fields, are really inadequate to reveal the vast amount of work that it has taken to develop this area. It has proven a gigantic task, but one not too gigantic for the man who was the instigator or promoter of the project—Hugh MacRae of Wilmington.

The Administration bought 10,000 acres of Pender County land and up to 1934 only ten of the 10,000 acres had been under cultivation. Ten families moved on the land and lived in movable tool houses, later in barns until their homes could be completed. Seven of the ten families still live on the Homestead and are making good. The average farm has been around 28 acres which has been increased to 30 acres. Today there are 143 families and 52 more houses have been built, but until the land is properly prepared the Administration is not allowing any farmer to move in. It is claimed that living conditions on this project are far above any other farm community in this section. The most of these farms are grouped around a community center, while Penderlea

has the distinction of having one of the finest rural school plants in America. It is flanked on the west by the gymnasium, the economic and social building, the store and potato house. On the east is the auditorium, the teacherage, the administration building, the educational shops and the vegetable packing shed.

This school employs the best teachers available and they have one of the best school libraries in the country.

Currie

The community of Currie is a most progressive settlement of farmers and business men.

This community has a very commodious Club House, Presbyterian Church, and altogether the people of this community are a very public-spirited coöperative people.

Point Caswell

Point Caswell situated on Black River was the adopted home of Captain R. P. Paddison and family, locating there in 1865 at the close of the War Between the States.

At that time it was a small trading point, practically the head of navigation on Black River. At one time it was the most picturesque little village in Pender County on account of its beautiful growth of trees.






CLUBS, CIVIC & FRATERNAL ORGANIZATIONS
Woman's Club

THE Burgaw Woman's Club was organized on Monday, November 18, 1938, and federated shortly after the perfection of the organization. The two divisions of the club work comprise the following:

1.—The American Home Department, which embraces civics, child welfare and welfare generally, and community gardening.

2.—The Fine Arts, including Music and Literature.

The membership consists of the following:

Mrs. N. C. WolfePresident
Mrs. Clifton MooreVice-President
Miss Mattie BloodworthSecretary
Mrs. David MatthewsTreasurer
Mrs. Roy RowePublicity Chairman

Mrs. R. Bell, Jr.Mrs. Jeanette Faison
Mrs. T. J. BettsMrs. G. Frasier
Mrs. John J. BestMrs. Myrtle Johnson
Mrs. BibersteinMrs. Giles Kornegay, Jr.
Mrs. Porter BordeauxMiss Mildred Mallard
Mrs. Vann BowenMrs. D. O. Matthews
Mrs. Weyland BlandMrs. L. Q. Myers
Mrs. A. H. DavisMrs. W. C. Myers
Mrs. C. W. DulingMrs. Joe Moore
Mrs. Edward FarriorMrs. Walter Marshburn

Mrs. C. E. McCullenMrs. Katie Herring
Mrs. Red PearsallMrs. L. W. Horne
Miss Maud PaddisonMrs. W. H. Robbins
Mrs. T. D. O'QuinnMrs. Q. G. Southerland
Miss Dorothy HowardMrs. W. M. Sparkman
Mrs. J. S. HumphreyMrs. J. T. Wells
Mrs. M. J. HumphreyMrs. Alvin Williams

Legion Post

The Pender County Legion Post was organized in Burgaw on March 21, 1930, with probably most of the former soldiers of this County who served in the World War I.

The Organization was affected with the following officers:

J. T. WellsCommander
B. F. Murray, Raymond Southerland,
C. D. Moore and Dr. Colin ShawVice-Commanders
W. H. RobbinsAdjutant
R. G. JohnsonService Officer
C. R. DillardHistorian
E. C. HighsmithChaplain
J. R. WilliamsSergeant-at-Arms

The American Legion Auxiliary

The American Legion Auxiliary Unit No. 165 was organized and the first meeting held March 6th, 1931, at the home of Mrs. W. H. Robbins.

Mrs. H. V. Norris, District Committee Woman, and other members of the Wilmington Unit, were present and assisted in forming this Unit.

Mr. J. T. Wells, Commander of the Pender Legion, urged the formation of an Auxiliary.

Those present and who became charter members were:

Mrs. W. H. RobbinsMiss Mary Clayton Barden
Mrs. Mabel L. MurphyMrs. Sallie C. Bowen
Mrs. Janie Brown






Members
Mrs. George FutchMrs. Annie F. Keith Shaw
Mrs. Estelle S. JohnstonMrs. Edward Cowan
Mrs. Florence MyersMrs. Lela J. Farrior
Mrs. Addie Bramble MooreMrs. Frances B. Ingram
Mrs. Rachel J. NicholsonMrs. W. P. Bordeaux
Mrs. Callie L. SoutherlandMrs. Angus McLendon
Mrs. Lizzie B. WellsMrs. Mattie A. Bradshaw
Mrs. Fred DeesMrs. Victor Bordeaux
Mrs. Jeanette M. FaisonMrs. Nettie B. Herring
Mrs. E. C. Highsmith

The following officers were elected:

Mrs. W. H. RobbinsPresident
Miss Mary C. Barden (now Mrs. J. T. Wells)Secretary
Mrs. Mabel L. MurphyTreasurer

King Solomon's Lodge

(Organized at Lillington 1851. Name changed to Long Creek.)

The organization of King Solomon's Lodge was perfected on December 4th, 1851, at Lillington.

Twenty-four years prior to the formation of Pender County a small group of men living in remote sections of what is now known as Pender County conceived the idea of establishing a Masonic Lodge. This idea met with favor in the minds and hearts of those with whom it was discussed and they bound themselves into a bond that was to form the organization, which has endured throughout the years that have passed and will endure through those that are to come.

A formal application was made to the then Most Worshipful Grand Master of the Lodge of North Carolina, Alonza T. Jerkins, who granted a Charter to King Solomon's Lodge No. 138, of Lillington, N. C., which name has been changed to Long Creek Village.

The early records of King Solomon's Lodge show that the charter referred to was granted to John D. Powers, Worshipful Master, C. S. Murphy, Senior Warden, John Jones, Junior Warden, and other worthy brethren.

The officers to whom the charter was granted were reelected, with the exception of C. S. Murphy, who was replaced as Senior Warden by C. T. Murphy. James P. Moore was elected Secretary, M. T. Croom, Treasurer, John D. Moore, Senior Deacon, M. C. Collins, Junior Deacon, and Lott Croom, Tiler.

In addition to these there were nineteen other members—names of familiar ancestry—among whom were Wm. S. Larkins, W. H. Moore, Wm. C. Mott, John H. Murphy, George Alderman, James F. Simpson, John R. Hawes, John Collins and others.

Charter Members of King Solomon's Lodge, organized in Lillington, now (Long Creek Village), June 12, A. D. 1852:

Officers
John D. PowersWorshipful Master
C. T. MurphySenior Warden
Jno. JonesJunior Warden
Jas. P. MooreSecretary
M. T. CroomTreasurer
John D. MooreSenior Deacon
M. C. CollinsTiler

Charter Members
H. A. BaggJohn H. Murphy
T. A. RooksWm. C. Mott
S. B. PigfordWm. G. Barton
R. L. BordeauxWm. H. Moore
A. M. LambWm. S. Larkins
Wm. RobitzschJohn M. Lee
W. E. BuntingW. S. Pridgen
Jas. F. SimpsonJohn Collins
Geo. AldermanJohn R. Hawes






Nov. 13, 1852

Members
Jas. E. WardDaniel W. Mott
Thomas I. PridgenF. H. Bell
Joel L. MooreC. W. Murphy

It is said that due to the untiring efforts of one of its faithful members, Mr. Pettigrew Moore, grandfather of Clifton L. Moore, kept alive this organization after the Civil War by his regular attendance, even though he lived several miles away, walking to and from his home to keep up the Lodge.

Roster of Masonic District No. 10

Burgaw, N. C., December, 1938
Dr. W. H. YoungMaster
S. L. IngramSenior Warden
J. T. WellsJunior Warden
J. T. HarrellTreasurer
T. T. MurphySecretary
C. L. MooreSenior Deacon
E. N. PearsallJunior Deacon
R. F. HumphreySteward
E. C. HighsmithSteward
J. L. HarrellTiler

Names of Past Masters according to Service
T. T. RivenbarkO. G. Ferrell
M. M. MooreL. R. George
C. C. BryanJ. J. Best
J. T. BrownJ. S. James
T. J. BettsClifton Moore
Q. G. SoutherlandI. J. Strawbridge, Master 1944
Rev. P. L. Clark, Chaplain for 20 yearsS. H. Ingram
W. S. Croom
S. V. BowenR. R. Rich
R. H. DavisG. W. Harriett

Officials—Dec. 31, 1945
I. J. StrawbridgeMaster
Jeptha CaseySenior Warden
Harry WilliamsJunior Warden
J. T. HarrellTreasurer
T. T. MurphySecretary
C. L. MooreSenior Deacon
J. R. LewisJunior Deacon
C. F. Mallard, Jr.Steward
V. B. BatsonSteward
W. C. DunniganTiler

Members of King Solomon's Lodge No. 138, Burgaw, N. C.
Jack Amster, Balcombe, S. C.Maj. W. N. Cowen, U. S. A.
E. T. Batson, Sr.W. S. Croom
R. R. BatsonA. H. Davis
Vernon BatsonC. B. Davis
Roland BatsonC. W. Duling
J. J. BestW. C. Dunigan
T. J. BettsDr. J. D. Durham
D. E. BowenO. G. Ferrell
S. V. BowenL. R. George, Sr.
S. L. BowenWillie S. George
W. J. BarnhillWillie George, Jr., U. S. A.
J. W. Blanton, Sr.J. T. Harrell
J. W. BlakeG. W. Harriett
A. T. BrownWillard Haynes
J. T. BrownE. C. Highsmith
P. L. BrownJ. S. Humphrey
W. A. BrownR. F. Humphrey
W. G. BordeauxS. H. Ingram
W. S. Carrell, U. S. ArmyGibson James
J. R. Casey, Sr.J. S. James
J. R. Casey, Jr.R. G. Johnson
S. W. Casey, U. S. ArmyFarmer Jones
Jephthah CaseyDeCater Jones, Jr.
J. H. CarltonElgin F. Langston
P. B. CostinSamuel Lefkowitz






J. R. LewisR. R. Rich
A. B. LockeyBaxter Rivenbark
W. G. LockhartF. M. Rivenbark
George F. LucasRoy H. Rowe
W. J. MarshburnW. H. Robbins
J. R. MarshburnQ. G. Southerland
C. F. Mallard, Jr.R. W. Southerland
C. F. Mallard, Sr.S. S. Shubrick
G. W. MalpassI. J. Strawbridge
J. J. MalpassDr. W. I. Taylor
E. F. MillerJ. A. Taylor
C. L. MooreJ. A. Tucker
W. L. MooreB. L. Wagomon
J. I. MooreRev. L. A. Watts
R. T. MurrayC. C. Webb, Jr.
T. T. MurphyE. M. Westbrook
W. C. MyersHarry W. Williams
M. W. Nelson, Jr.J. H. Williams
R. E. NobleBoney E. Wilson
E. G. PaddisonJ. T. Wells
E. N. PearsallS. E. Wroton
A. N. RhodesW. H. Young

Eastern Star

The Burgaw Chapter No. 217, Order of the Eastern Star, was instituted on March 22, 1938, by Brother Ralph J. Sykes, Worthy Grand Patron of the Grand Chapter of North Carolina.

On June 14, 1938, the Chapter received its Charter.

The following officers were elected:

Mrs. Eliza FrazierWorthy Matron
Mrs. J. T. BrownWorthy Matron
Mrs. Mabel MurphyAssociate Patron
Mrs. J. E. FrazierAssociate Patron
Miss Emma BryanSecretary
Mrs. Annie SoutherlandTreasurer
Mrs. Ellis DeesConductress

Miss Mary BryanAssociate
Mrs. Sallie MarshburnChaplain
Mrs. Annie WilliamsMarshall
Miss Maude PaddisonOrganist
Mrs. Annie JamesAdah
Mrs. Grace FerrellRuth
Mrs. Daisy HarrellEsther
Mrs. Effie BrownMartha
Mrs. Frances IngramElecta
Mrs. Lucile GeorgeWarder
Mrs. Phoebe CarrSentinel

Charter Members
Mr. J. T. BrownMrs. Annie Hatch Williams
Mrs. J. T. BrownMrs. Grace Ferrell
Miss Mary BryanMrs. Ivey K. Corbett
Miss Emma BryanMrs. Ellis Dees
Mrs. Phoebe CarrMrs. Mary Barden Wells
Mrs. Thaddie Thelma BordeauxMrs. Agnes T. Humphrey
Mrs. Frances B. IngramMrs. Lucile George
Mrs. Mabel Logue MurphyMrs. Annie P. Southerland
Mrs. Kathryn P. RichMiss Maude Paddison
Mrs. Mary MargolisMrs. Sallie Marshburn
Mrs. Eliza FrazierMrs. Annie C. James
Mrs. Daisy Sumner HarrellMrs. J. E. Frazier
Mrs. Lillian Eakins Harrell

Thirty-four members compose this organization.

The Burgaw Lions Club

The Burgaw Lions Club was organized and the charter granted January 1945. First organized April 27, 1937.

This club is interested in the civic, social and welfare work of the town and the community.

Roster of Club Membership
R. R. RichPresident
J. R. LewisVice-President
Louis ShieldsSecond Vice-President






John V. WilliamsonThird Vice-President
C. Forest MallardTail Twister
James H. ParkerLion Tamer
John E. RussSecretary
C. S. HarrellTreasurer

A. A. AppR. P. Rumple
R. V. BibbersteinJames A. Stevens
Wyatt E. BlakeLouis Shields
Leon H. CorbettDr. W. I. Taylor, Sr.
Charles L. GreerJohn V. Williamson
C. S. HarrellC. F. Davis
E. C. HighsmithO. G. Ferrell
Howard JamesT. C. Deal
J. R. LewisK. C. Futch
C. Forrest MallardEdward Brooks
D. O. MatthewsR. M. Durham
James H. ParkerJohn E. Russ
William A. PooleBooce Brown
C. T. PullenL. L. Stevens
R. R. RichCrawford Webb, Jr.

WAR BETWEEN THE STATES RECONSTRUCTION PERIOD

THE Great Civil War with its tremendous outlay of life and treasures and the final defeat and fall of the Confederacy inflicted a terrible blow upon the people of this section from which they have never recovered. Many were killed in battle, many wounded and maimed, property destroyed, the slaves freed and the plantation system in its magnificence, entirely overthrown throughout the South.

There were so many of our good citizens who gave their lives for this cause and who took active part in this war that it is impossible to give credit to each of them in this narrative, as we do not have a correct roster, but we honor their memory and their courageous spirit and their deeds of valor and bravery.

Captain Robert M. McIntyre of Rocky Point, Pender County, formed a Company in the spring of 1862, afterward known as Company C, Fourth Regiment (Cavalry). Captain McIntyre furnished sabers, saddles, and twelve horses. He was elected First Lieutenant, while his uncle, Dr. Andrew McIntyre, became Captain. In September, 1863, Lieutenant McIntyre was promoted to be Captain of his Company. The service of Company C was first near Suffolk, Virginia, then in eastern North Carolina. It was part of this force that, in December 1862, repelled Foster's army, which threatened to capture Goldsboro, and pursued it until the Federal column found shelter in New Bern.






Company C shared all the vicissitudes and endured all the hardships of the Gettysburg campaign. Its history is a part of the history of this regiment. The hard contest at Gettysburg was the end of Captain McIntyre's career. Like many others, he fell into the hands of the enemy at South Mountain, Pennsylvania, along with hundreds of brave soldiers of Pender and the Cape Fear.

He suffered the terrible hardship of a long captivity on Johnson's Island.

Also Samuel P. Hand, one of Pender's brave soldiers, was captured on the battlefield and taken to Johnson's Island, remaining there more than six months. Lieutenant Hand was wounded in the shoulder, losing part of the right shoulderblade bone. He was kept lying on a water-bed hovering between life and death for six months. After recuperating sufficiently to get back home, he re-enlisted and remained in the army until the close of the war. The old Episcopal prayer-book given him by his nurse at Johnson's Island remains in the family.

There were many of Pender County soldiers killed and wounded around Richmond, Gettysburg and Chancelorsville.

Another one of Pender's sons, Major Charles W. McClammy, joined the cavalry commanded by Captain Newkirk at the beginning of hostilities in 1861, and was elected Lieutenant of this organization. The Company did good service in eastern North Carolina, among its achievements being the capture of a gun-boat of the enemy which had grounded in New River, Onslow County. Upon the resignation of Captain Newkirk, Lieutenant McClammy was promoted to the captaincy. His subsequent gallant career is well described in the following extract from an address delivered by Col. Moore: “From the time he gave his services to his State and country, he was all enthusiasm and dash, and never lost an opportunity to do his best.”

In nearly every fight of his regiment he was always present and in a glorious service.

During 1870 Major Charles McClammy and Captain Samuel Ashe were elected to the General Assembly and became leaders in the important work of that body, impeaching and deposing the Governor, pacifying the State and measurably unifying the discordant elements of the white people of the State. Later Major McClammy represented the Cape Fear District in the Congress of the United States.

William Dougald McMillan, M. D., enlisted in 1861, at the age of 16 years, in the Topsail Rifles. In 1864 he became a member of Rankin's Heavy Artillery and after a few months provided a substitute and volunteered as a private in the 51st Regiment of Infantry and served there as Sergeant-Major during 1864 and 1865, while able for duty as acting Adjutant.

He did gallant service in North Carolina and Virginia. He was seriously wounded at Fort Harrison and last in battle in defense of Fort Fisher in 1865.

After retiring from active practice as a physician, he retired to his old home on Topsail Sound, Sloop Point Plantation, and remained there until his death.

MEMBERS OF COMPANY K, 3RD NORTH CAROLINA INFANTRY

This organization was perfected at the Northeast Academy in the Six Forks community. This Company left Burgaw for the front on June 10, 1861.

David WilliamsCaptain
Thomas E. ArmstrongFirst Lieutenant
A. W. BannermanSecond Lieutenant
John P. HandSecond Lieutenant

The men who volunteered were from the County adjacent to the Northeast River, from the neighborhood of Rocky Point, Rockfish Creek on one side of the river, and opposite






Rocky Point on the other side of the river to the upper part of Holly Township.

This Company, consisting of 140 men, including officers, left home on the 10th day of June, 1861. The Company met the enemy in front of Richmond, Virginia, on the 15th day of June, ’62, when in a skirmish, Asa G. Murray, a member of the Company killed a member of a New York regiment. This was the first blood shed by a member of this regiment. The Company took part in three engagements (Mechanicsville, Cold Harbor and Malvern Hill) during the Seven Days’ Fight in front of Richmond in ’62, in which it lost seven men killed, two died from wounds received, and four were permanently disabled. In September the Company took part in fights at South Mountain and Sharpsburg, Md. In this latter engagement Capt. Williams and seven men were killed. At Chancellorsville, Va., May 2nd and 3rd, 1863, Captain Thomas E. Armstrong and six men were killed and two died from wounds. In the battle of Winchester, Va., June, 1863, the Company lost three men killed and one permanently disabled. Near Silver Run they took part in battle on November 27th, 1863, with one man killed and one taken prisoner. This Company was under fire at the battle of Fredericksburg, Va., December 13th and 14th, 1863.

The Company took part in battles on the 5th, 12th and 19th days of May, ’64. In the battle of the 19th instant at Spottsylvania Court House, Va., the entire Company was engaged, with the exception of two men who were captured and were held as prisoners at the North until the close of the war. The Company was quite small after that battle, but some continued to rejoin, coming in from home and from hospitals, having been absent from sickness or wounds. What few were left remained with the army as General Lee fell back on Richmond, and were in the engagement at the Second Battle of Cold Harbor. After this the Company

went with General Early across the mountains and on that famous march to the front of Washington City, taking part in the fight at Monocacy Creek, Md. On returning to Virginia, the Company soon met the enemy in the Shenandoah Valley, where one out of its small number was painfully wounded, September 19, ’64, in a battle near Winchester, Va. Three days later it was in battle again at Fisher's Hill, near Strasburg, Va.; and again near Strasburg, October 19, ’64. The Company remained in the Shenandoah Valley until the 16th of December ’64. During this campaign the Company was at different times engaged with Sheridan's cavalry, which would dismount and fight the Confederates. The campaign of ’64 in the Shenandoah Valley, though not the most serious, was the most active campaign this Company passed through.

From the Valley the Company went to Petersburg, where it took part in an attack on one of the enemy's forts which was taken but given up under fire from other forts of the enemy.

This Company was on the retreat from Petersburg and engaged in skirmishes more than once, and in the battle on the 6th of April, ’64, when part of the men were taken prisoners and Lieutenant Colonel Parsley was killed.

NAMES OF MEMBERS OF CO. K. 3RD INFANTRY
Organized at Six Forks, Pender County

David Williams, CaptainKilled at Sharpsburg, Md., Sept. 17, ’62
Thomas E. Armstrong, 1st LieutenantKilled at Chancellorsville, May 3, ’63
A. W. Bannerman, 2nd LieutenantDied at close of war
John P. Hand, 2nd Lieutenant

1Anderson, W. M.Killed at Sharpsburg, Md., 9-17, ’63
2Bannerman, D. W.Died at home, Feb. ’62
3Beavers, ThomasKilled at Chancellorsville, 5-3, ’63
4Boseman, JamesDied in hospital
5Bowen, Kinchen
6Brown, I. H.Lost arm at Sharpsburg, Md.






7Brown, W. J.
8Bowden, R. T.Wounded 5-2, ’62
9Bowden, M. C.
10Bowden, HintonKilled at Sharpsburg, Md. 9-17, ’62
11Bunn, DorseyDied, Orange Court House, Va., ’63
12Bunn, DallasDied
13Bordeaux, R. H.
14Blake, J. B.Lost finger in battle
15Blake, StephenWounded at Malvern Hill and died
16Black, JohnDied in ’63. Drummer for Co. K. 2 years
17Bloodworth, Wm. A.Killed at Chancellorsville 5-3, ’63
18Bloodworth, JacksonKilled at Sharpsburg 9-17, ’62
19Bullard, John
20Britt, A. J.
21Carter, J. H.Killed at Winchester
22Casteen, C. W.Seriously wounded in battle
23Casteen, A. J.Twice wounded in battle
24Cole, HenryDischarged at Camp Horne, Va.
25Croom, W. A.Died at Wilmington, 6, ’61
26Croom, A. J.Died ’62
27Currie, Benj. P.
28Cowan, W. W.
29Cowan, T. J.
30Cowan, R. O.Seriously wounded
31Cowan, RobertKilled at Sharpsburg, Sept. 17, ’62
32Cowan, Geo. H.Killed at Malvern Hill, 1-1, 62
33Chadwick, Robt.Wounded May 2, ’62
34Deal James
35Debose, AntonyMalvern Hill, wounded
36Evans, ThomasKilled at Winchester, Va.
37Ennis, J. A.
38Berry, —
39Futch, CharleyKilled at Gettysburg, 7, ’63
40Futch, HansonDied at Richmond, ’63
41Futch, JohnDied, Orange Court House, ’63
42Futch, WileyKilled at Mechanicsville, 6-27, ’62
43Foy, George
44Ferrell, A.Died at Richmond, ’62
45Gurganus, J.Died at Richmond, ’62
46Garris, J. R.
47Garris, Jno. W.Killed at Chancellorsville, 5-2, ’63
48Giddings, Wm.
49Giddings, Robt.

50Giddings, Archie
51Hand, S. P.Severely wounded in battle, ’62
52Hines, Jacob
53Highsmith, R. E.
54Horrell, A. V.
55Horrell, Henry
56Harris, Jno. W.Killed at Chancellorsville, 5-3, ’63
57Howard, Geo. W.Missing
58Herring, H. H.
59Hodge
60Jones, JohnDied at Richmond, July ’62
61Jones, Alex
62Jones, Jonas
63James, GeorgeDied at Richmond, ’62
64Johnson, Josiah
65Jacob, KinionKilled at Malvern Hill, 7-1, ’62
67Lane, Thomas
68Lanier, Wm. E.Lost an arm at Silver River Valley, Va.
69Lanier, Thoas. H.
70Lanier, Jno. A.Lost an eye by typhoid fever in army
71Lanier, J. M.
72Lee, Jas. C.Killed at Malvern Hill, 7-1, ’62
73Lee, Geo. W. B.Lost finger in battle
74Lee, P. L.Serious wound in ankle, 5-3, ’62
75Moore, DavidKilled at Sharpsburg, Md., 9-17, ’62
76Moore, Timothy
77Meeks, Felix M.
78Meeks, BrantleyDied at Richmond coming from prison
79Matthews, NicodemusDied at Richmond, 7, ’62
80Mills, Ed. J.Killed at Sharpsburg, 9-17, ’62
81Mills, Jas. L.Lost part of hand in battle
82Mills, Timothy
83Malpass, Jno. W.
84Murray, Asa G.Killed at Sharpsburg, 9-17, ’62
85Motte, M. D.Killed at Gettysburg, 7, ’63
86Ormsby, Geo. M.Seriously wounded, 5-12, ’63 in battle at Spotsylvania
87Ormsby, Thos. P.
88Ormsby, Robt.Killed at Mechanicsville, 6-26, ’62
89Padgette, Jacob
90Padgette, John
91Padgette, NelsonDied at home in ’63
92Padgette, CrayKilled at Chancellorsville, 5-3, ’63






93Pigford, J. L.
94Piner, John
95Piner, Joseph
96Piner, Robt.Seriously wounded at Sharpsburg, 9-17, ’62
97Piner, David
98Player, R. L.
99Player, Wm. B.Lost index finger in battle
100Player, Wm. J.Transferred
101Powers, K. B.Twice wounded, once seriously
103Price, Tom
104Pruitt, KearneyDied at Orange Court House, ’63
105Rivenbark, W. L.Severely wounded at Richmond, ’62
106Rivenbark, Robt.Lost arm Sept. 17, ’62 at Sharpsburg
107Richardson, W. W.Killed at Malvern Hill, 7-1, ’62
108Rowe, Jno. W.
109Rory, Burwell J.
110Ross, Adam
111Rochelle, IsaacWounded at Mechanicsville, 6-27, ’62 Died in hospithal, Richmond
112Rochelle, Robt.Killed at Malvern Hill, 7-1, ’62
113Rochelle, B. J.Wounded and died at Chancellorsville, May 3, ’63
114Rochelle, Ed. J.Honorably discharged from service
115Rochelle, EphraimLost part of hand in battle
116Raynor, JohnDied at Orange Court House, 8, ’63
117Rooks, Wm.Died Oct. ’61
118Robbins, ZachKilled at Chancellorsville, 5-5, ’63
119Ramsey, Robt.
120Ramsey, ThomasSeverely wounded before Richmond, ’62
121Suila, AlonzaKilled at Gettysburg, 7-3, ’63
122Sanders, Robt. T.Severely wounded in arm before Richmond, 1862
123Shepard, Geo. W.
124Stokes, WileySeverely wounded in shoulder 1862 before Richmond
125Sykes, Jno. J.Died at Richmond, Sept. 1862
127Walton, John
128Walton, Elisha
129Watkins, CroomDied on way home from prison
130Watkins, J. B.Fifer
131WatkinsKilled in battle
132Williams, A. J.Died Oct. 10, ’62, Sheperdstown, W. Va.
133WilliamsMissing
134Wooten, AmosDied at home, ’62
135Wood, MurdocWounded at Chancellorsville, died May 3, ’63

136Wells, JacobDied at Richmond, Sept. 1862
137Ward, Alex.Killed at Sharpsburg, 9-17, ’62
138White, Giddon
139Squires, Walter
140James, Spencer.

The original Company K had an average of 76 men, but with recruits and conscripted men amounted to 140 men.

LIST OF MEN WHO WERE WOUNDED AND DISCHARGED FOR DISABILITY

Richard T. BowdenMay 2d. 1862
John H. ColeSept. 14, 1861
Richard E. HighsmithSept. 1863
Brantly Meeks1863
Nelson PedgettMarch 26, 1863
Wm. B. NewtonSept. 1863
Hanson PowersJune 1, ’63
W. J. PlayerJune ’63
John PierceJune ’63
Thomas A. PriceJune ’63
Stephen D. RaynorJuly 10, 1861
Edward Z. RochelleMay 20, 1862
Jordan SellersMay 20, 1862
Gideon WhiteMay 20, 1862
John BlackMay 20, 1862

DIED FROM DISEASE
A. J. WilliamsOct. 9, 1862
Alex. and D. W. BannermanJan. 16, 1862
Martin BarlowDec. 13, 1862
Zachariah BrownMay 7, 1863
Eldridge CarterSept. 20, 1862
Jesse I. CroomApril 8, 1862
Wm. A. CroomJune 15, 1861
W. H. EllersApril 14, 1863
H. H. FutchJune 30, 1863
Alfred GurganusNov. 1, 1863
James GurganusNov. 6, 1862
J. D. HolmesDec. 15, 1862
George JamesAug. 25, 1862






John JonesJuly 28, 1862
Ruben MaltsbyDec. 7, 1862
Nicodemus MatthewsAug. 1, 1862
Wm. S. MedlinSept. 27, 1862
John W. PadgettSept. 4, 1862
Jacob B. PadgettMarch 18, 1862
Wm. S. RooksOct. 18, 1861
George D. ScarboroughSept. 10, 1862
Edward SpencerOct. 8, 1862
John J. SykesSept. 30, 1862
Alfred TaylorSept. 30, 1862
Jacob WellsSept. 15, 1862
Amos WootenOct. 19, 1862

WHERE WOUNDED AND DISCHARGED
R. T. Sanders, M. D.Malvern Hill
R. O. CowanMalvern Hill
W. L. RivenbarkMalvern Hill
Wesley StokesMalvern Hill
R. T. CowanMalvern Hill

WOUNDED
Council CasteenChancellorsville
John B. BlakeMay 12, 1864, Chancellorsville
I. H. BrownGettysburg
Robert ChadwickMay 3, 1863, Chancelorsville
Anthony DuBoseMalvern Hill
L. T. EnnisMay 12, 1864, Chancellorsville
J. A. EnnisJuly 18, 1864, Chancellorsville
Lewis T. Evans
George W. FoyJuly 3, 1863, Gettysburg
James B. GarrissSharpsburg
Archibald Giddens
Robert GiddensMay 3, 1863, Chancellorsville
S. P. HandSharpsburg and Gettysburg
Jacob HinesJuly 3, 1863, Gettysburg
James JonesJuly 3 (twice), Gettysburg
P. L. LeeChancellorsville
G. B. LeeGettysburg
Wm. E. LanierAug. 21, 1864, Charleston
John W. MalpassMay 5, 1864
F. M. MeeksMay 5, 1864

Timothy MooreGettysburg
George W. OrmsbyJuly 3, 1864, Gettysburg
Wm. B. PlayerJuly 3, 1864, Gettysburg
Jacob PigfordJuly 3, 1864, Malvern Hill
Robt. T. RamseyGettysburg
Robt. Rivenbark (twice)Wilderness
Ephraim RochelleMalvern Hill
Thomas RamsayGettysburg
James Spencer
George W. ShepardMalvern Hill
T. J. Bradshaw

COPY OF A LETTER WRITTEN BY ONE OF THE CONFEDERATE MEMBERS OF COMPANY K AROUND FORTY YEARS AFTER THE SURRENDER:

Station A.

Columbia, S. C. Aug. 2, 1905.

Friend John:

After quite a lapse of time, I attempt to write to you again. I know I ought to have written before this time and I beg pardon for negligence. Since my eyesight has become so dim, I write but very little. But I intended sending you a list of the names of the men in Company K., for your re-vision; also a brief statement of battles it participated in according to the best of my recollection. The list of names is very near correct I think, and the ones I am most deeply interested in, is who were the original members, those who took the train for Wilmington the 10th. of June 1861. I placed a mark you will observe like x this before the names of those I felt were old members. I drew up a list of all the conscripts, 19 in number, on a separate sheet of paper. Here are the names of the men that I am unable to decide whether they were originals or volunteer recruits—viz.—Charley Futch, Wiley Futch, Jno. W. Garriss, Peyton Lee, David Moore, Timothy Moore, Robt. Ormsby. I can't place Ormsby at all as regards the time. I sometimes think Lee went to the Company at Garysburg. I am inclined to put the Moores as old members. If we can decide who were volunteer recruits it will be an easy matter to tell the number of originals and tell exactly how many were killed, died &c. and thus fix the percent of loss of life in battle by sickness and what percent of us survived the war. I have included all those who ever had their names on Co.’s muster roll,






though one or two of them were discharged from the army but died soon after. Ned Mills I think fell in battle but I have forgotten where. Do you remember? You place Tom Evans as being killed at Winchester, Va., and I have so enlisted him on the roll, but it appears to my recollection that he was killed at Silver Run on the 27th of Nov. ’63, the same time Croom Watkins was captured. The two Walton boys are two others that I can't remember what time they joined the Company, but I don't think they are original. You will find the sketch of the service, or rather account of the battles, the Company took part in very deficient in many respects. I did write up one much more lengthy but I thought it might be too lengthy for the purpose unless I was sure of getting it published. What I have written, may serve to refresh your memory on some points. I have mentioned several things that happened while you were in prison and consequently had no personal knowledge of them. If you desire to have it published, you are at liberty and have the authority to make whatever alterations you may deem proper, by either adding to it or deducting from it or changing the structure of what is already written. If you have it published in your County paper, I would be glad to have a copy of that issue.

I hope I will hear from you before too long. I seldom hear anything from your part of the County. If there have been any deaths among those I am acquainted with in your part of the County, please mention names when you write me.

With kindest regards for you and family and all my old friends. I will close hoping to hear from you at no distant day.

I remain yours devotedly

A. J. CASTEEN,

Station A. Columbia, S. C.

(Courtesy of Roy Rowe, grandson of John W. Rowe.)

Reconstruction Period

After Congress passed the Reconstruction Act, which was one of the most drastic and tragic ever recorded in the history of this country, crime and riotous living spread its dark pall over this quiet peaceful land. Wilmington the

County Seat was crowded with carpet-baggers, scalawags, and Negroes. Negro constables, Negro deputy sheriffs, Negro health officers and for many years a Negro served as Register of Deeds; also a Negro represented New Hanover in the Legislature. These Negroes and scalawags owned no property and were not interested in much of anything beyond the idea of exploiting the white property owners. The Negroes were very ignorant and strongly prejudiced against their former masters, and in no way qualified to take part in government affairs. The so-called scalawag and carpet-bagger occupied the important positions with the Negroes in the minor places. The white man was, so to speak, disfranchised, and the former leading families were in many instances practically bankrupt, the great plantations lay idle, neglected, and everything and all business was demoralized.

Poverty stalked the land and New Hanover County, which then comprised the present Pender, found life almost intolerable. This condition existed until 1898, when a revolution changed the whole aspect and the Reconstructioners faded into discard where they have since remained, a negligible element. Under such conditions the Democratic Party inevitably became the party of “White Supremacy,” the party of decency in government and honesty in affairs.

To secure control of the County and State government and to regenerate it, became the consuming passion of the Democratic Party.

In those days it was impossible to elect a decent white man—a Democrat—to the Legislature, either from New Hanover or from this section. The thousand voting Negroes in the city of Wilmington piled up a majority so large that it could hardly be overcome by any artifice, and so when the County of Pender had been created, the politicians were solely disappointed, for Alfred L. Lloyd, a noted Negro, was promptly sent to the Legislature from the new County of Pender. His majority was a slight one and was soon overcome,






and Pender County shortly after became a reliable “White County.” Since that time Pender has been constant in its loyalty to the Democratic Party, to decency in government, and to honesty in public affairs.

While this great War Between the States, with its terrible slaughter of life, inflicted a severe blow to this section, Pender has emerged from this period slowly, but substantially, and is fast becoming one of North Carolina's greatest farming sections.

Captain Robert Motia McIntyre

Captain Robert M. McIntyre of Rocky Point raised a cavalry company in the spring of 1862, afterwards known as Company C, Fourth Regiment Cavalry. He furnished sabers, saddles, and twelve horses. He was elected First Lieutenant, while his uncle Dr. Andrew McIntyre became Captain. In September 1863, Lieutenant McIntyre was promoted to be captain of his Company. The service of this Company C was first near Suffolk, Virginia and then in eastern North Carolina. It was a part of the force that, in December 1862, repelled Foster's army, which threatened to capture Goldsboro and pursued it until the Federal column found shelter in New Bern. Some months later the regiment was ordered to Virginia and, along with the 5th North Carolina Cavalry, formed Robertson's Cavalry Brigade, which was a part of the great cavalry division under the command of General J. E. B. Stuart. Company C shared all the vicissitudes and endured all the hardships of the Gettysburg campaign. Its history is a part of the history of the Regiment. Like many others Captain McIntyre fell into the hands of the enemy at South Mountain, Pennsylvania, and along with Colonel Kenan and hundreds of other brave soldiers of the Cape Fear, he suffered all the terrible hardships of a long captivity on Johnston's Island and it was not until the war had virtually closed March 15, 1865, that he was paroled.

Captain K. B. Powers

The third Captain of Company K was Kinchen B. Powers. He was a member of the Powers family in Union Township being the son of Kinchen Powers.

He joined Company K as a private and rose to be captain on the death of Captain Armstrong who was killed at Chancellorsville May, 1863. Captain Powers was wounded at Chancellorsville, May, 1863.

Captain Powers was wounded at Chancellorsville before being promoted to Captain. He was also wounded in the battle of the war on April 9th, 1865 and captured. He was taken to Federal Fort McHenry from which he was paroled in July, 1865.

After the war, he married Maria Faison, daughter of Julian Faison, a Baptist minister. Two daughters, Misses Mary Lou and Virginia, survive him and continue to reside at the old family home, near Willard.

Dr. William Thomas Ennett

During the War Between the States Captain William Thomas Ennett, originally of Onslow County, joined the Third North Carolina Regiment and was promoted to be Major after the death of W. M. Parsley. He was unfortunately captured at Spottsylvania and sent to Fort Delaware, and was among those taken to Charleston Harbor on the prison ship Dragon, suffering the hardships of imprisonment with the rest. Major Ennett was a physician and highly accomplished. He was a brave soldier and a warm friend. Led his command in the last charge at Appomattox.

When the war was over he moved to Pender County, married Sarah McIntire, sister of Capt. R. M. McIntire, and settled in Burgaw, where he practiced his profession and reared his family of three daughters, one of whom is the






wife of ex-Senator W. A. Brown of Rocky Point, Pender County.

During his imprisonment on the prison ship Dragon, which was located off Hilton Head Point, he wrote the following lines, a parody on “Do they miss me at home?”

They miss me at home, yes they miss me,At morning, at noon and at night,For I waft them each moment my blessing,And their features are ever in sight.I hear them when “Reveille” wakes me,I see them when “Taps” say “to sleep,”And when the loud Rolls calls to battle,I know that they miss me, and weep.Oh, Mother, weep not for the absent,For I am serving my country so dear,And my dear Ma must wait for her loved one,While his duty calls him off to the war.And Daughter, my sister, my dear little love,And cuppie my pet, you must miss me,And Fonnie, my sissie, my sweet little dove,Yes, I know it, I know you all miss me.And Andrew my boy, you must miss me,For I joined in your sports with such glee,And your brave little heart can't forget me;For your brother's oft thinking of thee.When cannon and musketry rattle,And death walks o'er hill top and dell,I hear then my loved one's sweet prattleAnd know they miss me, too well.But loved ones, ’tis for you that I'm fighting,For war has no pleasure for me,But I'll die for “The Cause” I'm right in,That my loved ones and theirs may be free.Then when peace shall smile on our land,And victory prove the strength of our case,You may dry up your tears with rejoicingFor we Southerners belong to a fighting race.R. P. Paddison

Captain R. P. Paddison, who resided at Point Caswell, was one of the survivors of the War Between the States. In his tales of war-time experiences he tells that in the month of May, 1861, this part of North Carolina was wild with excitement and rumors of war and a public meeting was called at Harrell's Store in Sampson County, for the purpose of organizing a military company to be tendered the Governor. In a short time an organization was effected and a man named Taylor was elected Captain. At the next meeting they voted to call the company the “Wild Cat Minute Men.” The next question came up as to where the Company should go. It was decided the Company should remain around Wild Cat as a home protection.

There were a number who did not take to the Wild Cat idea and quietly withdrew and marched to Clinton where a company was being organized by Captain Frank Faison, called “the Sampson Rangers.” Capt. Paddison joined this company and his company was dispatched to Fort Johnston.

A river steamer called the Flora MacDonald transported this company from Wilmington to Fort Johnston and it remained there during the epidemic of yellow fever in 1862 and smallpox in the winter of the same year, after which he was transferred to General Hospital No. 4, Wilmington, after being appointed Hospital Steward by the Secretary of War in 1862.

Captain Paddison said he came out of the war as he entered it: without a dollar, but with a clear conscience, having performed his duty to his country as he saw it. From April 20th, 1861, to June 5th, 1865, he never had a furlough or a day's absence from duty.

Captain David Williams

Captain David Williams of the Bannerman's Bridge Section raised Company K, of the 3rd Regiment, State






troops. The North East Academy of Six Forks Community was the center of this activity. It is said that Captain Williams, known by his men as “Pap,” was one of the most valued officers of that regiment and was as brave a man as ever lived. He was disemboweled by a bombshell from the enemy's batteries at Sharpsburg, and sleeps in a soldier's grave with his blanket for a shroud in the front yard of the house in the rear of the village, which was used as a field hospital near the Shepherdstown Pike. He had the esteem and confidence and the affection of his soldiers to a most remarkable degree. In a letter of T. H. W. McIntyre, written August 20th, 1903, he says:

“There was no better or braver man that ever buckled on the sword than Captain David Williams of Bannerman's, and he was present in all the battles, commencing in the Seven Days’ Fights around Richmond up to the battle of Sharpsburg, Md., where on, or near, Antrevarn River on the 17th of September, 1862, he, together with Lieut. Speight and one or two more, were instantly killed by a shell.”

The writer of this letter also had another brave boy from Pender, David Portervine Herring, of the well known family of that name, who also had given his life blood for Southern independence, buried in one grave, one mile west of Sharpsburg, Md., in an orchard, with their heads to a large apple tree.

In a few days after the battle Lieutenant Andrew Williams and George Williams, brothers of the Captain, died of disease, and just preceding these events, Quince Williams and Thomas K. Williams, brothers of Bruce Williams, of Burgaw, also gave up their young lives, the former being killed in battle, the latter dying of disease.

CHURCHES OF THE COUNTY AND HOW ORGANIZED
Presbyterianism

THE Presbyterians came from the north of Ireland and were not found in Virginia and North Carolina till after the year 1730, except in scattered families; according to Foote's Sketches of North Carolina.

About the year 1736 Henry McCulloch persuaded a colony from Ulster, Ireland, to occupy lands he had obtained from his majesty, King George II, which were located in Duplin County. The descendants later scattered over the lower part of the State and Southwestern States with an influence that cannot be easily estimated.

The stipulated condition of the grant, or the promised grant, was that he should procure a certain number of settlers to occupy the wide forests as an inducement to other emigrants to seek a residence in the unoccupied region of Carolina, sixty-four thousand acres of land being obtained.

The descendants of these emigrants are to be found in Duplin, Pender, New Hanover and Sampson Counties, the family names indicating their origin.

The Grove congregation, whose place of worship at that time was about three miles southeast of Kenansville, traces its origin to the Church formed from this, the oldest Presbyterian settlement in the State, whose principal place of worship was at first called Goshen. The first ordained Presbyterian minister was the Reverend James Campbell.






Old Churches and How Organized

Reverend Hugh MacAden was the first missionary who settled in the State and whose journal (or parts of his journal) has been preserved.

According to Foote's Sketches of North Carolina, we are not able to ascertain the exact places that he visited but as the settlement in Duplin and Pender Counties, at that time New Hanover, were the oldest in the State, and there were none others of much strength at that time, the probability is that these Counties were the places that he visited and his settlement of Presbyterians here and in Duplin County is the oldest large settlement of Presbyterians in the State.

These two settlements formed the field of labor in which Mr. MacAden passed the first part of his settled ministry.

It was on the Welsh Tract on the North East Cape Fear River that one of these settlements formed was first composed of Welsh settlers.

On Tuesday, February 17, 1756, Reverend MacAden rode twenty-five miles up the North East Cape Fear River from New Hanover to Cowans, presuming this settlement was the Burgaw section which was called Cowan before it was named Burgaw.

The next day he was detained on the Welch tract till after the second Sabbath in March on account of high waters throughout the section, where he was being entertained at the home of John James, father of Hinton James.

Early in the year 1798 the Reverend Robert Tate, a licentiate of Orange Presbytery, visited that part of New Hanover, now Pender and Duplin Counties, and became a resident minister. He held his first communion at old Rock-Fish Church, just over the Pender line which would imply that it was with an organized congregation of six persons. Rev. Robert Tate and his wife, Timothy Wilson and his wife, Timothy Bloodworth and his wife. Mrs. Tate was the daughter of Hon. Timothy Bloodworth. Under Mr. Ttate,

Rock Fish, Keith and Hopewell sprang up, also Mount Williams, and opened their doors to a large region of country.

In those days most of our ministers in the country supported themselves in large measure by their own means, by working on the farm, or teaching. To this rule Mr. Tate was evidently no exception for he owned a considerable estate in land and many stores, but all his possessions were very much reduced when the Negroes were freed.

His plantation was located on Sills Creek about five miles south of Old Rock Fish Church and in what is now Pender County, owned by the Government, The Penderlee Homesteads. Rev. Tate continued to live there until his death in 1867, and there, nearby the house where he lived, is the family burying ground where his body was laid to rest in the 93rd year of his age. He was one of the charter members of old Fayetteville Presbytery, which was organized in 1813. His was the longest ministry, up to this time, of either of the two Presbyteries, reaching over a period of sixty-nine years. Few men of any denomination have served any one church as long as Mr. Tate served Rock Fish and very few have served a ministry of sixty years.

He was described as a man of great activity and intense zeal and during his life was most zealous in promoting the cause of religion, which induced him to write several hymns, only one of which is properly accredited to him, that being “While Shepherds Watched Their Flocks By Night.”

Old Churches

Among the oldest churches in Pender County are Hopewell, Mount Williams, Keith and Pike Presbyterian. Riley's Creek Baptist, another old church, is still in existence and is being served at the present time by Rev. C. R. Taylor, who






has been its pastor for a number of years. The present building is the third building erected on this site.

Keith Presbyterian, another old church which has been the scene of many gatherings, was organized in 1817, by the Rev. Robert Tate, who continued to serve the church until 1839.

Pike Presbyterian Church was organized in 1856—the Rev. D. B. Black serving this church thirty-seven years until 1893.

Hopewell Presbyterian Church

Hopewell Presbyterian Church was organized around 1800 by the Rev. Robert Tate. He continued to serve this church until 1839.

In the will of Duncan Henderson, of May 1832, he says, “I give and bequeath to the Old School Presbyterian Church one acre of land, including Hopewell Presbyterian Church, with an avenue to the Public Road to be at its disposal absolutely forever.” This property was given in 1832, but in order to make it valid a deed was given, or will recorded, in 1852, with witnesses Robt. N. Bloodworth and F. T. Bloodworth.

Also in the will of Martha Bloodworth, daughter of Hon. Timothy Bloodworth: “It is my will and desire that my Legatees herein mentioned shall raise the sum of $100.00 in proportion to the value of their different agencies and pay it to the Elders of Hopewell Church, for the purpose of aiding the Elders and Trustees of said Church to provide a suitable house and lot of land for the residence of the Pastors of the Hopewell Church.

“Executors of will of Martha Bloodworth

“Timothy W. Bloodworth,

“Hinton James.

“Sept. 10-1847.”

Ministers who have served the church:

Reverend Robert Tate1800-1839
Reverend Henry Brown1839-1841
Reverend T. G. Potts1841-1844
Reverend D. B. Black1844-1862
Reverend S. H. Isler1862-1867
Reverend Colin Shaw1867-1868
Reverend D. B. Black1868-1893
Reverend G. W. McMillan1893-1896
Reverend Ivanhoe Robertson1896-1897
Reverend J. S. Thomas1897-1899
Reverend D. P. McGeachy1899-1903
Reverend T. D. Johnson1903-1906
Reverend W. M. Sikes1908-1913
Reverend P. L. Clark1913-1944

Mount Williams Presbyterian Church

The first church building, which was used until the new church was built, was given, and erected of pine logs, by Henry Williams. This old church was located on a hill on the old main road. The new church was built on the site given by Robert T. Williams, where it now stands, and was erected in the year 1858 and dedicated to the worship of Almighty God by the Reverend Robert Tate on the 27th day of March, 1859.

The first organization of Mount Williams Church was effected on June 15th, 1845, and the Elders constituting the session were at that time John P. Bannerman, Samuel Player and Robert Sharpless.

Prior to 1845 Mount Williams was a branch of Hopewell Presbyterian Church. The church was served by stated supplies, and those who labored for the church were the Rev. Robert Tate, who organized the church; and the regular pastors were Rev. D. B. Black, Rev. Colin Shaw, J. M. Gibbs and Rev. B. F. Marable.

After a period of time Reverends D. B. Black and Colin






Shaw were invited to hold a series of meetings at which time and place the organization was completed and a number of persons who were members of Hopewell Church, after duly advising with the session of said church, did constitute into a Church of Christ.

BURGAW PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH

Burgaw Presbyterian Church

The Burgaw Presbyterian Church was the first church organized in Burgaw at a meeting held by the Rev. C. M. Payne of Wilmington, who was the pastor of the Second Presbyterian Church, now St. Andrews Presbyterian Church. This was in February, 1879, and the charter members were: Mr. and Mrs. W. M. Hand, Mr. and Mrs. S. P. Hand, Mr. and Mrs. John J. Moore and Mrs. Della Durham, Mr. and Mrs. J. W. Cowan, Mrs. Margaret Brown, W. T. Bannerman and Mr. and Mrs. R. N. Bloodworth.

The ministers filling the pulpit through the years:

Reverend G. W. McMillan1879-1881
Reverend J. S. Black1881-1884
Reverend A. L. Phillips1884-1886
Reverend Colin Shaw1886-1888
Reverend D. B. Black1888-1893
Reverend G. W. McMillan1893-1896
Reverend J. S. Thomas1897-1898
Reverend D. P. McGeachey1898-1903
Reverend T. D. Johnson1903-1906
Reverend W. M. Sikes1906-1913
Reverend P. L. Clark1913-1945
Reverend P. L. Clark1913-present time

Burgaw Methodist Church

It is said that the Burgaw Methodist Church was organized just after a tent meeting that was held here on the Court House Square by Rev. A. B. Crumpler, which lasted for many days, and a good dose of the old time religion, such as shouting and trances, that brought about a great awakening.

It was shortly after this meeting that the church was organized with the following charter members: Mrs. Flora Williams, R. I. Durham and Lyman Learned.

The Parsonage at that time was located at Scott's Hill, Pender County. Later the Pastor's Home, or Parsonage, was established in Burgaw instead of Scott's Hill, after which the Burgaw charge was formed.

The ministers up to the present time have been:

Reverend J. J. Martin1896-1902
Reverend C. G. Brothers1902-1904
Reverend W. F. Sanford1904-1906
Reverend C. T. Rogers1906-1907
Reverend J. J. Barkers1907-1909
Reverend C. M. Lance1909-1911
Reverend T. G. Vickers1911-1913






Reverend J. C. Whedbee1913-1917
Reverend L. M. Chaffin1917-1920
Reverend O. P. Fitzgerald1920-1921
Reverend C. H. Caveness1921-1923
Reverend L. A. Watts1923-1927
Reverend E. G. Overton1927-1930
Reverend W. J. Watson1930-1932
Reverend G. W. Blount1932-1933
Reverend N. B. Johnson1933-1935
Reverend C. A. Jones1935-1937
Reverend W. F. Walters1937-1941
Reverend I. J. Strawbridge1941-1945

BURGAW METHODIST CHURCH

St. Mary's Episcopal Church

In 1909 the Reverend Thomas P. Noe conducted services and it was during that year that the money was raised and the lot purchased to build this church, according to parochial

report. The final payment on the building was made in 1911 and the building was then consecrated by Bishop Thomas Strange. While the congregation is small, the Mission has continued to function and services are held the second Sunday in each month, either by a regular pastor or some stated supply.

SAINT MARY'S EPISCOPAL CHURCH

Macedonia Methodist Church

Old Macedonia Methodist Church, which stood for years on the old Cornwallis Road, or Lover's Lane, as it has been called in later years, was the only church in this immediate vicinity, except Hopewell Presbyterian Church to the north on this same highway, about five miles.

Here the Methodists of this section of the County, and those of Lillington or Long Creek residents, attended church. Many of the ladies in those days rode horseback and it is said that they of that faith rode all the way to






Macedonia to take part in the services in the way of leading the singing on Sundays.

Riley's Creek Baptist Church is also among the older churches of the County, having been organized in 1814. This church was a member of the Cape Fear Association from 1816 to 1826, inclusive. It was also a member of the Goshen Association from 1827 to 1843.

The third building has been erected since its formation.

Burgaw Baptist Church

BURGAW BAPTIST CHURCH

Burgaw Baptist Church was organized in the old Burgaw Academy Building on September 13, 1884. Its members met in this building until 1900, at which time a church building was built on the corner of what later was named Wright and Bridgers Streets. Stirring stories have been related through the years since concerning the hard work and the robust faith of those who constructed this building. The work was done by the men of the church themselves, and

one of the leaders among them was Mr. John Wright Bowen, who went into the woods, cut the timber for the building, and brought it to Burgaw, and then helped put it together. In later years a Sunday School Annex was built adjoining the church auditorium, and the law office of Attorney John T. Bland was purchased by the men of the church for a men's Sunday School classroom. The church from its inception has been a progressive organization and has contributed worthily to the Kingdom of God. In 1944, for the first time in its history the church maintained a full-time program of services, with Sunday morning and night worship services every Sunday in the month, and with a weekly prayer service. This was made possible by the consolidation of the Riverside Baptist Church, near Burgaw, with the Burgaw church. The church has grown to a membership of 470 and is planning the construction of a new church building. In preparation for this new church building the old church plant was moved in October, 1946 to adjacent property. The following men have served as pastors of the church:

Reverend Charles UtleyReverend C. R. Taylor
Reverened M. C. WaltonReverend H. M. Page
Reverend H. M. BennettReverend A. L. Pollock
Reverend R. E. PeeleReverend C. W. Duling
Reverend Leon WestonReverend A. C. Acree
Reverend J. H. PowersReverend William Poole

St. Joseph's Roman Catholic Church St. Helena

The early history of the Catholic Church in St. Helena dates back to the time of the first settlers in the year 1906. Not having a church of their own, services were at first held in private homes administered by a priest from St. Mary's Church, Wilmington, N. C., The Rev. J. Gallagher was the






first priest attending these pioneers and had found it difficult to converse with these pioneers. The Bishop then sent the Rev. Umberto Donati to give spiritual attention to the Colony.

The Extension Society, the Most Rev. Leo Haid, the Bishop, and the Hugh MacRae Real Estate Promoter, contributed funds for the erection of a church. This was built in the year 1908 by the three brothers, Cajetan, Dominic and Napoleon Perseghin, with several carpenters from Wilmington. It was a frame church large enough for two hundred people. Later it was whitewashed inside and tarred black outside. This church served as a place of worship for the colonists till September 12, 1934, when it was burned to the ground immediately after a funeral. Church services were then held in the auditorium of the school. To date no new church has been erected as the church-in-school is practical.

In the year 1911 Father Donati, having requested a change, was transferred on July 7, 1911, the Rev. Charles Kneussels being given charge. He continued in this capacity till his death on July 30, 1925. Father Kneussels had accomplished much during his pastorate. He laid the foundation and built the exterior structures of both school and rectory.

For nearly ten years after Father Kneussels’ death there was no resident priest at St. Helena. The priests from St. Mary's Church in Wilmington took turns in rendering services. In the spring of 1934 the Rev. Francis A. Scheurich was in charge as a resident pastor. He remained as pastor till the Most Rev. William F. Hafey, Bishop, turned over the church to the charge of a religious order, known as the Franciscans. The first Franciscan pastor took charge on May 31, 1935.

Extensive repairs and renovations were necessary both in and on the school and rectory. After an expenditure of nearly fifteen thousand dollars the Franciscan Fathers had the places ready for occupancy. The Rev. John Murnane,

O. M. C., Franciscan, remained pastor till August 31, 1939. On September 1, 1939, the present pastor, Very Rev. Maurice Imhoff, O. M. C. D. D., was appointed. At the present time this church has a membership of eighty-five people.

Besides the above church there is a Greek Orthodox Catholic Church, its pastor the Rev. Mr. Baruch.






TWO OF BURGAW'S LOVELY HOMES.

THE HOMES OF HUMPHREY BROTHERS AND D. J. FARRIOR

ONE OF THE OLDEST HOMES IN PENDER COUNTY.
Built in 1840 by John P. Bannerman and now owned by the West Virginia
Pulp and Paper Co., Bannerman's Bridge, Pender County, North Carolina.






MEN WHO HAVE WON RECOGNITION IN THE PAST
Charles Mills Galloway

IN 1875 Charles Mills Galloway, a resident of Columbia Township, New Hanover County, now Columbia Township, Pender County, two years before the new County was formed, was elected Justice of the Peace.

After the creation of Pender County, Mr. Galloway was elected Clerk of the Superior Court of the new County of Pender in 1875 and served two years.

The old records have been well preserved and can be found in the present incumbent's office.

Mr. Galloway lived in Columbia Township, on State Highway 601, near Atkinson, on a plantation now owned by J. W. Register. The old home still stands and is occupied by tenants.

Charles Mills Galloway of the Comptroller's Office, Washington, D. C., is the son of Mr. Galloway and is proud to claim Pender as his birthplace.

Dr. Philip Edward Lucas

Dr. Philip Edward Lucas was the son of Dr. George F. Lucas and Mrs. Bertha Simpson Lucas, of Currie, Pender County, North Carolina.

He received his elementary education in the schools of Pender County. He then attended Faison Military Academy, Faison, N. C., and entered the University of North

Carolina in 1909, completing a two-year course in medicine there in 1911. He then entered the University College of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia, and after completing two years he received his M. D. degree in the class of 1913, the last class to leave that institution. He was licensed by the North Carolina State Board in 1913 and spent one year in private practice at Currie, his home town. In 1914 he located in Burgaw, where he continued the practice of medicine until the time of his death, April 13th, 1918.

Dr. Lucas was a member of Omega Epsilon Phi Fraternity and was Treasurer of his class at the University of North Carolina. He was also a member of the Burgaw Presbyterian Church.

In 1917 he married Mrs. Elizabeth Whitehead Bradford and one son survives him.

Dr. Elisha Porter

Dr. Porter was one of the five men who composed the Committee that went to the Legislature and lobbied for three consecutive times to have Pender County set apart from New Hanover. Rocky Point was the home of Dr. Porter, coming there from Onslow County when a comparatively young man. When the War Between the States broke out he enlisted as a member of Company E, 3rd Regiment, and under the leadership of General W. D. Pender of Tarboro. Dr. Porter served from the beginning of the war, up to and including the battle of Chancellorsville. During that engagement he penetrated within the enemy's breastworks and was bayoneted by a Federal soldier and, finding that he was about to be killed, he attempted to scale the breastworks and succeeded in doing so, but was shot in the thigh and apparently mortally wounded. After the battle he heard the voice of a friend by whom he was taken to the Confederate field hospital. Dr. Porter survived for many years but was always lame from his war wounds.






Dr. Porter settled at Rocky Point and practiced his profession for some years, but became one of the largest and most successful planters in that section. He had one of the largest acreages of strawberries in this whole section and shipped as many as four thousand crates per season.

Dr. Porter was a scholar and a man of unusual executive ability and a fine physician. He left one son, Dr. Pender Porter, who resides in New York.

Dr. Pender Porter

PENDER COUNTY MAN MADE FIRST X-RAY PHOTOGRAPH

To The State in its issue of December 12th, 1937 goes the credit of establishing the fact that Dr. Pender Porter, at the time mentioned a student of Davidson College, back in 1896 and a resident of Rocky Point, and two other students made the first photograph with X-ray. The credit for the first X-ray Photograph has been claimed by Yale University until recently when Old Eli has been forced to admit that Davidson College through pranksters, really is entitled to the first picture made.

As the story runs, these young men were greatly interested in Crooke's tubes. This was an expensive piece of laboratory equipment. When Roentgen, the discoverer of the X-ray announced he had discovered how to take “shadow pictures” through the use of the Crooke's tubes, these three young men discussed the phenomenon and wished to experiment themselves and find out the truth of their professor's statements. They picked the lock to the laboratory door and took a picture of a small caliber rifle shell in a pill box. The discussion then involved the taking of pictures of fractured bones. Knowing that they had already “fractured college rules” which would lead to expulsion if detected, they decided to compound the “fracture” as it would be no worst for them. So they broke into the medical school and cut the finger from the body of a dead Negro which was being used

for experimental purposes. A successful picture was made of the finger. The boys were a little too much scared to announce the success of their experiment, so the matter was hushed up for a long time. With Yale claiming the first successful picture made with the X-ray machine, these former students gained sufficient courage to tell of their prank back in the early days of January, 1896 and satisfied investigators of their claim was O. K.

Dr. Pender Porter, the son of the late Dr. Elisha and Mrs. Porter of Rocky Point maintained the old ancestral home at Rocky Point for years and spent from one to two months there during the year. Dr. Porter made quite a success in the medical world in New York City where he had a large practice.

Hinton James

Hinton James, son of John and Alice James, was born in New Hanover, now Pender County, on September 10, 1776, and died August 22, 1847, and is buried in the old churchyard of Hopewell Presbyterian Church, about five miles north of Burgaw on U. S. Highway No. 117.

In his eagerness, it is said, to obtain an education he rode horseback nearly to Chapel Hill and sold his horse before reaching there, walking the balance of the way, according to tradition. In the will of his mother, Alice James, she left him several slaves, calling them by name, and also a part of the land where he built and lived for many years after the death of his parents. This property is now owned by the Needham Hall estate which is near Washington Creek.

Hinton James married Miss Alice Morehead, the daughter of James and Catherine Morehead, of Bladen County, who died in 1817. He later married Miss Mary Ann Watson of Wilmington, daughter of Richard and Anna Watson, who lived only a short time and died in the year 1820.

His third marriage was to Anne Hand, sister of William






Jones Hand, of New Hanover, now Pender County. She outlived Mr. James and was buried in Salisbury, North Carolina.

On November 7, 1939, a marker was unveiled to his memory as the first student of the University of North Carolina; Dr. Frank P. Graham, President of the University, making the principal address.

Chapel Hill, in celebrating the one hundred and fiftieth anniversary on February 12, 1945, memorialized Hinton James and his accomplishments.

HINTON JAMES

When the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill opened in 1795 Hinton James, with no companion, of whom it is said rode part of the way horseback and sold his horse before reaching there, walked the balance of the way and was the first student to enter on February 12, 1795.

“His literary tastes took a scientific and practical direction which is evidenced by his life's work.

“After leaving the University he became a civil engineer and was made Assistant to the Chief Engineer, who was brought from Scotland to improve navigation of our rivers. Some of his engineering is still in evidence along the Cape Fear River below Wilmington.

“He was also called into service of his county as a legislator for three consecutive terms, being the colleague of a lawyer of great reputation in the old days (William Watts Jones).

“Hinton James was among the most active of early debaters, and was one of seven young men who were members of the first graduating class, July 4th, 1798.

“His name is among the Fathers of the Dialectic and Philanthropic and Concord Societies, he being one of the earliest members of the

Philanthropic Hall,

Debating Societies.”

September 10, 1847.

IN MEMORY OF HINTON JAMES:

Whereas, it has pleased the Divine Providence to remove from earth our much-respected and aged fellow citizen,

Hinton James, Esquire, who has ever held, during the many and various changes incident to a life of 73 years, a high rank in the esteem of his fellowmen, it is incumbent on us, who are now kneeling at the shrine, which once beheld his youthful devotion, and enjoying the scenes at one time familiar to him, to pay this our last tribute of respect to our departed member.

He was the first member of our Society and may, with propriety, be ranked its founder, and at the period of his death was the oldest living member.

Committee:

JOHN B. BYNUM,

LORENZA D. PENDER,

WILLIAM A. JENKINS.

Will of John James

I, John James, being in perfect and tranquil state of mind and possessing in a small degree strength of body and having a desire to dispose of my property before my decease, I do hereby make my last will and testament, setting aside all others dispose of my property in the following manner.

1st. It is my desire that all my property both real and personal should be kept undivided under the direction of my wife and my executors until my debts are all paid.

2d. I give and bequeath unto my wife, Alice James, one third part of all of my lands for and during the term of her natural life and such part of my personal estate as she is entitled to by law. I also desire that she may have her third part of my land laid off on my plantation near Lewis Creek or any other place she may choose.

3rd. It is my desire that all the remaining part of my property, both real and personal should be equally divided between my five children, Hinton James, Mary James, John James, Jr., Alice James and Elizabeth James, to share and share alike and that my son Hinton James, being already of age, should receive his part after my debts are paid as above mentioned. That the rest of my property should






remain under the direction of my wife and for the support of my children, which are to be kept with her.

4th. It is my request that my houses and lots, which are enclosed in Washington where I now live, should not be considered as a part of my property above mentioned, but that they should be sold by my executors at one and two and three years credit and the money arising from the same, or as much as is necessary, should be expended in building a house on that part of my land laid off for my wife and shall be for her use.

It is also my desire that my children should each have their share laid off for their use as they come of age or when they marry.

Witness whereof, I have hereunto set my hand and seal this 28th, day of January, 1799.

Witnesses.—Signed John James.
Wm. Watts Jones,
Tim Bloodworth, Jr.,
S. Bloodworth.

Solomon S. Satchwell

Dr. Satchwell was one of the Committee who went to the Legislature in Raleigh in behalf of establishing Pender County and a better government for this section of the County.

Dr. Satchwell was a resident of the Rocky Point section for a number of years, moving to Burgaw later in life. He was the son of James and Elizabeth Windley Satchwell and was born at Pantego, Beaufort County, North Carolina.

As a young man he taught school and worked himself through Wake Forest College, which conferred on him the A. M. degree, graduating in medicine at the Medical Department of the University of the City of New York. After matriculating he was appointed Assistant Demonstrator of Anatomy of that famous institution. He returned to North Carolina to be with his enfeebled mother during her declining

years, and began the practice of his profession in New Hanover County (now Pender County).

Dr. Satchwell spent two years in post-graduate work in Paris, then the Mecca of medicine and surgery, finishing by the time the War Between the States started. He joined the colors of the South, becoming a surgeon in the Confederate army, in the 25th N. C. Regiment. Later he was assigned Surgeon-in-charge of the C. S. A. Hospital, Wilson, N. C., which post he held until the close of the war. The College of Physicians and Surgeons of Wilmington, N. C., of which he was Professor of Physics of Theory and Practice of Medicine. At one time he was editor of the North Carolina Medical Journal and was also President of the North Carolina Medical Society in 1877. He had therefore a good background upon which to base his fight before the North Carolina General Assembly for the creation, in 1867, of the State Board of Health, of which on May 23rd of that year he was made the first president.

As a result of his experience and zeal, indicated in a paper read before the North Carolina Medical Society that year, entitled “Duties and Usefulness of the State Board of Health,” this assembly unanimously voted to remit all dues to Dr. Satchwell as a testimonial of the regard of the Society.

He was again elected President of the State Board of Health and served the Board as President from 1877 to 1884, inclusive. He was a member of the State Board of Medical Examiners from 1866 to 1872, inclusive, and at the time of his death, November 8th, 1892, at Burgaw, N. C., he was Superintendent of Health of Pender County.

The feeling between the North and the South, as a result of the war, having begun to relax, upon an invitation of the Alumni Association of his Alma Mater, the Medical Department of the University of the City of New York, he delivered before it, in New York City, on March 23rd, 1871, an address which was ordered printed in pamphlet form.






Both on the lecture platform and in the columns of the press, he was a staunch champion for the observance of the laws of hygiene and for the solution of economic and social problems, and in the days of Senators Vance and Ransom, wielded his influence to have the excessively high tariff duty on quinine reduced to a minimum.

Dr. Satchwell lived a life of untold usefulness and his unusual ability along medical lines was very marked and highly appreciated.

He first married Elizabeth Vanderveer, of New Jersey, his second wife was Anne Victoria Moore, and his third wife was Sarah Bell, the two latter being Pender County women.

Dr. Satchwell was the uncle of Dr. George F. Lucas, with whom Dr. Lucas became associated in his profession in his early years after coming to Pender County.

First President State of North Carolina Board of Health

Dr. S. S. Satchwell was one of the few physicians in the State who had studied abroad, being a graduate of a Paris University. Highly educated as he was, he spent the greater part of his life in country or village practice. The theory of Ozone as a product of the pitch pine forests was Dr. Satchwell's, according to the Health Bulletin. Anyway, he was a champion of it, and that doctrine, with the inferred effects upon consumption of residence in the pine belt, had no little influence in turning the one-time flow of consumptives to the sandhills of North Carolina, whatever merit there was, or is, in the theory. The theory is probably responsible also for the location of the State Tuberculosis Sanitarium where it is.

On May 23rd, 1877, during the meeting of the North Carolina Medical Society, which was held that year at Salem, N. C., Dr. S. S. Satchwell of Rocky Point, Pender County, was made the first President of the State Board of

Health and Dr. Thomas Fanning Wood its first Secretary, these officials being designated as “Chairman” and “Secretary,” respectively, of the Committee of the State Medical Society having in charge the fortunes of the newly proposed State Board of Health. This meeting was immediately following the adjournment of the Legislature of that year, at which time the first law creating the Board was enacted. On that day, the first machinery of organizing the State Board of Health was definitely set in motion.

Dr. Hanson Finla Murphy

Dr. Hanson F. Murphy was one of Committee of five who went to the Legislature in Raleigh to have the County of Pender created.

Dr. Murphy's was one among the first families that settled in the Cape Fear Section. He was the son of Cornelius Murphy, who, at the age of seven years, came with the family to this country and settled in what was called the Moore's Creek section. Dr. Murphy was born on April 24, 1813. His early life was spent on the plantation of his father and he attended schools as taught in the early days of our country by private instructors. Having an ardent desire for higher education he went by sail boat from Wilmington, N. C. to the New England States where he attended Yale University, making a special study of languages, especially Greek and Hebrew. Later he took his medical course at the University of Pennsylvania getting his degree in medicine in 1840. He “interned,” as we say now, practicing with the noted physician Dr. Flint, in Springfield, Mass. Returning to his native State for the practice of his profession, he located on the old North-South Stage Route at old Washington. In 1843, he was married to Miss Elizabeth Ann Simpson, also of Moore's Creek section. Dr. Murphy then moved to Duplin Roads, now Wallace, where he had extensive practice covering an area from Kenansville, Duplin






County, to Rocky Point, in New Hanover County, now Pender, traversing this area on horseback, carrying with him the old-time saddle-bags containing medicine.

In 1860, at the beginning of hostilities between the North and South, he removed his family and a large number of slaves to his large estate near Burgaw. Here he continued the practice of his profession together with operating his farm. He was Captain of the North Carolina Home Guards and gave largely of his supplies to the families of soldiers who were absent fighting.

Dr. Murphy represented New Hanover County in the Constitutional Convention which met in Raleigh after the was closed. Realizing the need of better and more convenient County Government for a large portion of this northern section, he was instrumental in promoting and supporting the formation of a new County. Much of his time was given in attending meetings of the Legislature in Raleigh until the passage of the Act creating the County of Pender. Dr. Murphy served the County several years as a Commissioner and until his death, January 31, 1882, his loyalty and interests were largely centered in promoting the growth and welfare of the County of his nativity.

Rev. Samuel Henry Bell

Samuel Henry Bell, son of Samuel Herring Bell and Margaret Parish Williams Bell, was born on his father's plantation, Belmont, in New Hanover, now Pender County, in Long Creek on November 15, 1849. He prepared for college at Rocky Point Academy and Grove Academy, Kenansville, N. C. He entered Davidson College in 1866 and graduated from there in 1870. He received a degree in Metaphysics and Ethics from the University of South Carolina in 1871. He was graduated from Columbia Theological Seminary in 1873 and received the degree of Doctor of Divinity from Washington College, Tennessee, 1893.

Ordained by Savannah Presbytery and installed pastor of the Presbyterian Church, Brunswick, Ga., December 18, 1873, he was pastor of the Port Carton, Pa., church in 1878. From there he went to Milton, Pa., where he accepted a call to the First Presbyterian Church in 1882.

He was appointed Chaplain in the United States Army by President Cleveland in 1897. He served in active duty until his retirement for age, November 15, 1915. His first station was in Savannah with the First Field Artillery. He was recalled to action during the World War. Was Chaplain-in-Chief and Morale Officer at General Hospital No. 14, Fort Oglethorpe, Ga.

He is a life member of the Society of Colonial Wars, Virginia Chapter. He is descended from Colonel Joseph Bell, member of North Carolina Assembly and from Richard Poole, who came to Virginia in 1634.

He retained his winter home in Long Creek Village, Pender County until his death a few years ago.

Paul Deems Satchwell

Paul D. Satchwell, a traditional Democrat, was born on his father's plantation near Rocky Point, Pender County, North Carolina, the son of Solomon Sampson Satchwell, A. M., Md., and Ann Victoria Moore Satchwell. He was educated at the local public schools and at the Clement Preparatory College, Wallace, N. C., studying law at the University of North Carolina, practicing law for a number of years in every branch in North Carolina and the Federal courts. Interwoven therewith was his connection with operating departments of trunkline railroads, South, North and the Middle West, earning recognition as a transportation expert based on his experience and authorship.

During the World War he was a Civil Service war-worker in the Treasury Department, Washington, D. C., in charge of the acquisition of hospitals, etc., for the injured and sick






soldiers and sailors returned from overseas. He was called back as a Civil Service career man in the Federal service; was in charge of Title and Evaluation work of millions of dollars of properties acquired in the District of Columbia in pursuance with the Public Building Program. Also as Transportation Expert, to expedite the procurement and movements of materials for the speedy construction of veterans’ hospitals.

Since April 23rd, 1934, he had been an Auditor in the General Accounting Office headed by the Comptroller of the Currency of the United States.

Mr. Satchwell always retained Burgaw as his voting precinct and was always on hand to cast his vote with the Democrats of his County of Pender up to the time of his death a few years ago.

Dr. John Gerald Murphy

Dr. Murphy was one of Pender County's distinguished citizens. Born in Pender at the old home in Atkinson, the son of John H. and Catherine Wright Murphy, deceased. His preliminary education was secured in the Coharie Institute of Sampson County. He then entered the University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, N. C., where he took a two years’ course, and then entered the University of Louisville, Ky., graduating with the degree of Doctor of Medicine.

For four years he was engaged in a general practice at Kenansville, N. C., then entering upon work as a specialist in diseases of the eye, ear, nose and throat. He established himself in Wilmington, where he remained, winning wide appreciation for his knowledge of his subject and his skill in handling these diseases.

He was an elder of the First Presbyterian Church, Wilmington, and his fraternal connections are those which he maintained through life with the Knights of Phythias, North

Carolina Medical Society of New Hanover County, North Carolina State Medical Society, The American Medical Association, the Southern Medical Society, and he was a Fellow of the American College of Physicians and Surgeons and a member of the North Carolina State Board of Medical Examiners.

Dr. Murphy was also a trustee of the Wilmington Kiwanis Club and a member of the Cape Fear Country Club.

He married Mattie Burwell of Charlotte, N. C.

R. K. Bryan

R. K. Bryan was born in Fayetteville, January 2, 1853. After completing his education, at an early age, he assumed the practical management of the farm and plantation at Scott's Hill, which has been his life's work. However, in 1904, he was admitted to the bar and combined an extensive general law practice with his other interests.

In 1895 he established the Wilmington Dispatch and for two years was its editor. For twelve years he was chairman of the Pender County Board of Education.

His father, Robert Kedar Bryan, Sr., settled on his wife's estate at Scott's Hill after his marriage, and made it his permanent home the rest of his life. Beginning in 1870, Mr. Bryan, Sr. took a prominent part in the separation of a portion of New Hanover County and the creation of Pender County and was elected a member of the State Senate.

Shepard Bryan, son of R. K. Bryan, deceased, graduated from the University of North Carolina, where he was a member of the Pi Kappa Phi fraternity, the Dramatic Society, the Satyrs and other college organizations.

In 1926 Mr. Shepard Bryan accepted the Superintendency of the Dunn City Schools, where he now resides.






Rev. D. B. Black

Reverend Duncan Blue Black was born in Moore County, September 23rd, 1810. He was descended from that Scotch stock which has been described as being inflexible in faith and invincible in arms, and where labor and influence are interwoven with the best there is in our history as a nation.

Mr. Black received his classical training at the Academy, a school located near the present site of Carbonton, N. C. His theological training was received at Union Theological Seminary, Richmond, Va. He was licensed by Fayetteville Presbytery in 1843, ordained by the same two years later, and soon thereafter came to eastern North Carolina, where he spent the remainder of his days.

Mr. Black was evidently not dependent on the meager salary promised by his churches. He owned a farm on the Wilmington and Goldsboro Road, now U. S. No. 117, about four miles north of Burgaw, on which he lived and from which came part of his support.

Like many young ministers of that period, he taught school for some time at the North-East Academy, which was located near Six Forks, Pender County.

He was a successful school teacher, as well as a faithful and consecrated minister. He was affectionately known as “Father Black,” because of his long life, his abundant labors, and especially because of his fatherly character and influence.

He was a fellow student of Dr. Moses D. Hoge, and a fellow laborer of Rev. Colin Shaw. He possessed a well balanced mind, practical, rather than philosophical. He was one of God's noblemen, who served well his day and generation, and was loyal to the church and to Christ, the head of the church.

When life's laborers were ended with him, it was most fitting that his body should be laid to rest in the cemetery in the very shadow of Pike Church, where he had preached for years as God's own messenger.

Dr. George F. Lucas

Dr. George F. Lucas was born at Bath, N. C., and was educated at Horner Military Academy, and finished his medical education at the Medical University of New York. His internship was spent at Belleview Hospital, New York.

At the beginning of the War Between the States, he volunteered for services in the Confederate Army at the age of 17 years. He was made Lieutenant and afterward promoted to the Captaincy for special bravery at the battle of Bentonville.

He came to Pender in 1871 to practice medicine, and few men were more widely known and generally liked in this section than Dr. Lucas. He was a nephew of Dr. S. S. Satchwell, with whom he started his medical career, and for many years after the death of Dr. Satchwell was the only physician who was in active practice in and around Pender County. It was during the horse-and-buggy days that he served not only Pender but Bladen and Sampson Counties, through the chilly and snowy winds and rains of winter and the heat of summer.

It has been said of him that he was charitable to a fault, a most loyal friend, a great humanitarian and a man of skilled ability in his profession.

In 1875 he was married to Miss Bertha Simpson, daughter of Dr. Simpson of Pender, and by this union he left four boys and four girls.

John T. Bland, Sr.

John T. Bland, Sr. was born on a farm about eleven miles west of Burgaw, the son of James T. Bland.

After attending the schools of Pender County, he entered Wake Forest College and was graduated from there in 1876 with the degree of Bachelor of Laws. He taught for one year in Sampson and Pender Counties and read law under






J. L. Stewart, of Clinton. In June 1878 he was admitted to the bar and entered upon the practice of law in Burgaw. He also filled out the unexpired term of Superintendent of Public Instruction in Pender County. For twenty years he held the office of Chairman of the Executive Committee of the Democratic Party of Pender County and was County Attorney for a number of years.

He was a staunch Baptist, serving as deacon for many years, beginning with the organization of the Church in 1882. He was also a member of King Solomon's Lodge of Burgaw No. 138, A. L. F. & A. M.

He was affiliated with the North Carolina Bar Association, Chairman of the Pender County Chapter of the American Red Cross, and served during the entire war period, devoting much time to the cause.

In 1880, he married Lorena Davis Williams, and by this union reared eight children, giving them all a college education.

Mr. Bland lived a life of usefulness and was greatly missed in the civic life generally in the town and community. He died July 24, 1928, his wife following him a few years later.

John Thomas Bland, Jr.

John Thomas Bland, the son of J. T. Bland and his wife Lorena Bland, was born in Burgaw, Pender County.

After going through the schools of Burgaw, he entered Wake Forest, where he finished his education, graduating with A. B. and Bachelor of Laws degrees.

John Thomas Bland was a young man of unusual ability, gentle, refined, with a lovable nature. He was exceedingly tempermental, which caused him to live in a world all his own—the land of fanciful dreams, but whose untimely death brought sorrow to many hearts.

In his poems, “These Lowly Lays of Mine,” he says:

I live in the land of Far-Away,In the land of Fanciful DreamWhere neither disaster nor law's delay,Where neither ambition or life's busy playCan disturb my happy regime.Thus, in that dear land of Far-Away,Bright land of my Fanciful DreamsI talk with the souls that I loved for a day,The souls that among us made short, happy stayAnd brightened our lives with a playfulness gay—Land of Beauty and Love's esteem.Sometimes when clouds are overcastAthwart my brilliant sky,And life looms grey and bleak and bare,And blossoms fade and die—I wonder what can be the aimOf God's eternal plan,And where the fates are leading us—Just what's the goal of man.Our fondest hopes, so often wreckedUpon life's stormy sea,When realized avail us naughtOf heavenly ecstacy;We struggle long for fortune, fame,Yet when they're in our grasp,We find they hold a hidden sting—Just like the poisonous asp.For wealth and power and prestige failTo soothe the soul of man:He yet remains unsatisfied,As when his toil began;Our future joys elude our grasp—Recede as we draw near,And blooms that gleamed so bright afar,Possessed, are dead and drear.




Dr. Robert Harriss Bradford

Dr. Robert Harriss Bradford was born in Cabarrus County, North Carolina, in 1878.

He attended the Asheville Farm School in Asheville, North Carolina, after which he pursued a literary course at Maryville, Tenn. At the age of 23 he entered the North Carolina Medical College, Davidson, N. C., and was graduated in medicine in the spring of 1904. After doing hospital and specialty work in Charlotte for one year, Dr. Bradford located in Burgaw, where he lived continuously, practicing his profession until his death November 25, 1914.

Dr. Bradford was County Superintendent of Health for Pender and took an active part in promoting sanitation throughout the rural districts of the County.

He was an elder in the Presbyterian Church and his life stood as an example of the consecrated Christian gentleman he personified.

In 1907 he married Elizabeth Whitehead of Tarboro, N. C., who was one of the faculty of the Burgaw High School at that time. From this union Mrs. A. Scott Parker, Jr., is the only heir.

Dr. Walter Colton Murphy

Doctor Murphy was the son of Dr. Hanson Finlay Murphy and his wife, Elizabeth Simpson Murphy. When a very small boy his father moved to his plantation near Burgaw, which is now Pender County. His boyhood days were spent on the farm and his primary education derived from private tutors.

After completing his preparatory course he attended Columbian College, Washington, D. C., now George Washington University. Having read medicine with his father, as was customary practice in those days, he graduated from the medical department of the Columbian Institution after two

years’ studies, in 1873, just before he became twenty-one years of age.

Soon after he graduated, his distinguished uncle, the late Dr. C. Tate Murphy, who had an extensive practice in Taylor's Bridge Township, Sampson County, removed from that place to Clinton, and Dr. Walter Murphy took his uncle's place in carrying on the country practice in the Taylor's Bridge section. He practiced his profession there over an extensive locality for several years.

Owing to age and infirmity, his father had to retire from practice. Dr. Walter Murphy was induced to return to his old home place and carry on his father's work in Pender. Soon after the death of his father, Dr. Murphy went to Burgaw, the County seat of the new County of Pender. He practiced medicine for several years in Burgaw and while living at that place he was Secretary of the State Medical Society in 1884 and 1885.

As nearly all other men of like characteristics and ability have done before, he became weary of country practice and after several years successful work in Burgaw, he went to Washington City and established a practice which for many years was successful in every respect. On February 12, 1896 he was married to Mrs. Mary Staples McNutt of Washington, D. C.

He was at one time President of the North Carolina Society of Washington, of whom many prominent North Carolinians were members.

Dr. Murphy was a man of brilliant mind and attainments, and thoroughly familiar with the ethical and practical demands of his profession, and had an enviable reputation as a skilful and accurate diagnostician.

Although Dr. Murphy had gone far in his profession in Washington, he never forgot his old associations in the practice of medicine, and never failed to exemplify his increasing love for his native State. One of the most thoughtful and important acts of his in this connection was the






presentation to the Medical Society of North Carolina volumes of transactions of the State Medical Society from its organization to the date of the gift. This was done while his distinguished nephew, Dr. John A. Ferrell, now of the International Health Board, was Secretary of the State Medical Society about 1914. Dr. Ferrell, as Secretary, had the volumes bound and presented to the North Carolina State Library. This series of volumes is one of the very few available records of the Society's proceedings in past years existent in North Carolina, and for which the Society went on record in a resolution thanking Dr. Murphy for this important gift.

Dr. Murphy, like his predecessor, Dr. C. Tate Murphy, in his early practice in Sampson County, was known as the “poor man's friend,” never declining to render service where he possibly could, regardless of the patient's ability to pay. When he was about 75 years old, his health having failed, he returned to the home of his sister in Burgaw, where he lived something over a year before his death.

SOME OF PENDER'S SONS WHO HAVE ACHIEVED SUCCESS

RECOGNITION is due many of the men of Pender County who have made names for themselves and their posterity in other sections; who have by their own initiative achieved and climbed the ladder of success. Pender County feels proud to honor them at all times.

Among the number we find a man whose father was the first Clerk of the Court of Pender County—Charles Mills Galloway, who claims Pender as his birthplace. He was appointed by Woodrow Wilson as one of three men to represent the United States Civil Service.

Another one of Pender's sons is Eugene Humphrey of Tampa, Florida, brother of our townsmen, R. F. and J. S. Humphrey, whose rating is A-1.

Dr. William Luther Hand of New Bern, son of one of Pender's old families, has achieved success in the business world and who is outstanding in the work he has accomplished with the youths of his city.

Edward Ebert, a young man born and reared here, who owns and operates a large number of chain stores in parts of North Carolina and South Carolina and Tennessee.

Dr. Fritz Ebert, a brother of Edward, who has accomplished much in the medical profession.

J. Grover Anderson of Wauchula, Florida, has been most successful in the real estate business.

James and Lon Carr, Presbyterian ministers, sons of Mr. and Mrs. Alsa Carr, were educated at Davidson College.






James is Director of religious education for the Synod of Appalachian.

Lon Carr is pastor of the Middleport, Ohio, Presbyterian Church.

McNair, Daniel, Stanley and O. P. Johnson, four brothers, were educated at Duke, Wake Forest, and University of North Carolina.

Stanley Johnson is Professor of Physics at the University of North Carolina.

Daniel Johnson is Principal of the Rocky Mount High School, and O. P. Johnson Superintendent of Education of Duplin County, while McNair is connected with the Post Office Department at Willard.

The Contribution of the Moore's Creek Aldermans to North Carolina Citizenship

Among the families of the Pender County area, which in the last century have evolved from the merely well-to-do former status to distinction in the State and the Nation, is the Moore's Creek Alderman group.

Two brothers of the Duplin-Sampson-Alderman family married two daughters of a Mr. Morgan, who, by tradition, is accredited with the assignment by Col. Lillington after the battle at Moore's Creek Bridge, as a member of a squad of Patriots detailed to corral the loose or escaped horses of the detached Scotch.

The two Alderman-Morgan families settled on Moore's Creek, presumably in the neighborhood of the parents of their wives. David Alderman and his Morgan wife reared a family of sixteen children, who played a big part in peopling Wilmington as well as the Moore's Creek area. From them have sprung scores of more or less distinguished ministers and educators.

Col. William Alderman, an uncle of Dr. E. A. Alderman,

led a regiment in the war of the sixties. Edwin A. Alderman is distinguished as President, in succession, of three of the South's leading Universities and as the funeral orator of Woodrow Wilson.

One of the Alderman daughters married James Herring, a grandson of Richard Herring, chief among the founders of Sampson County. James Herring and his wife settled at the present Herring home, within a few hundred yards of Shiloh Baptist Church, near the upper stretches of Moore's Creek. The husband died in middle age, leaving four sons and several daughters. The oldest son, John, died at Petersburg, Va., just before Lee's surrender. George was the father of Rev. D. W. Herring, for forty years a missionary to China. A son, Ralph, of the Missionary D. W. Herring, is pastor of the First Baptist Church of the Winston-Salem, one of the largest and most influential churches in North Carolina. Another son and a daughter are missionaries in China and are continuing their work despite the dangers and discouragements of the Sino-Japanese war.

Rev. Carey Herring, pastor of the Baptist Church of Fairmont, is a son of Alfred Herring, and was reared at the Shiloh Homestead, now the residence of the younger brother, Benjamin Herring. Others of the descent of the James Herring family have won distinction in some degree in the professions of the ministry, teaching and agriculture.

Rev. Ed. Alderman, a son of Alfred Alderman who fifty years was inspector of naval stores at Wilmington, also rose to the distinction of the Presidency of a Kentucky College and of the pastorate of leading Baptist churches, including that of the First Church of Spartanburg, S. C.

John Collins, mentioned elsewhere in this book, is a descendant of the Moore's Creek Aldermans.

The former sheriff of Pender County, Walter W. Alderman, is a relative of the Moore's Creek group, but not of it.

Sad to say, like former groups that gave distinction to the






Pender area in earlier times, there seems to be no descendant of the group bearing the Alderman name in Pender County.

Charles Mills Galloway, Jr.

The career of the son of our first Clerk of the Court, who was born in Pender, is most interesting from the point of view that at one time he seemed to be destined to become an outstanding figure in the newspaper world.

He was graduated from the University of South Carolina. Was admitted to practice law in South Carolina and is a member of the bar of the Supreme Court of the United States.

In 1909 he became Clerk to the State Senate Committee on Education and Railroads.

March 4th, 1909, he was appointed Secretary to United States Senator Ellison L. Smith, a position which he held until June 19, 1913, having a few days previously been appointed United States Civil Service Commissioner by President Wilson. He resigned this position to engage in the practice of law in Washington, D. C.

July 1, 1929, he was appointed Counsel to the Comptroller General of the United States, a position which he still holds.

Charles Marion Johnson

Charles M. Johnson, the son of Milton H. Johnson and Minnie Johnson, was born on a farm in Pender County about eight miles west of Burgaw, and has by his own individual efforts and inherent ability overcome all obstacles. Charles attended the Burgaw High School after which he entered Bingham Military Institute, where he pursued his studies. He started life when his uncle, Joe Ab Johnson, was Clerk of the Superior Court of Pender, serving this County as Deputy Clerk for a number of years. It is said that the orderliness and thoroughness of his records attracted

the attention of the State Auditor and he was made District Supervisor for the State Tax Commission.

Mr. Johnson became Traveling Auditor for the State for one year, Chief Deputy State Auditor for two years, and when the old County Government Commission was organized he was made Executive Secretary, in which post he served four years. It was while serving in this capacity that this Act of the State Legislature received national attention, because of the wide-spread economics that were brought into use.

When the General Assembly created the Local Government Commission, the Governor appointed Mr. Johnson to the post of Director. As Director of the Local Government Commission he filled the job most creditably.

The financial affairs of every unit of the State are under the supervision of this Commission. The term “unit” includes all incorporated districts, cities, towns and villages which are empowered to spend the people's money. The Director is clothed with powers that command respect for his office and obedience to his recommendations.

When the State Treasurer, Nathan O'Berry, died in 1934, Governor Gardner appointed Charles M. Johnson to fill out the unexpired term and since then has been re-elected three consecutive times, filling same in a most satisfactory manner.

George Franklin Lucas

George Franklin Lucas was born on the old ancestral plantation of his parents near Currie, Pender County, the son of Dr. George F. Lucas and Bertha Simpson Lucas.

After attending school in his own community he entered high school in Enfield and went from there to Massey's Business College, Richmond, Va. Graduating from that Institution he became connected with the firm of Samuel Bear & Son of Wilmington as bookkeeper.

In February, 1923, he was appointed Auditor for the






County of Pender, an office which he has held most efficiently. Knowing the people of the County, the locations, conditions, and being interested in the progress and the general welfare of his County, Mr. Lucas has proven a valuable asset in the manner in which the County has been managed.

George, as he is familiarly known, is a man of sterling qualities, kindness of heart and most charitable. He is an elder of the Currie Presbyterian Church, a teacher of the Bible class of that Sunday School and a member of the Masonic Lodge No. 138 of Burgaw.

Humphrey Brothers

John Shackleford and Robert Franklin Humphrey, sons of John W. and Margaret Player Humphrey, were born and reared in the Bannerman's Bridge section. They went through the schools of the County, after which they embarked on their business careers, engaging in logging, merchandizing and milling. Continuing this business until 1926, they bought out the grocery business of J. L. Harrell and moved to Burgaw, where they have engaged in an extensive operation ever since.

These two brothers, though not twins, have been most closely associated all through life, their business being each other's business, and their judgment always coinciding respecting a deal. Together they represent a large enterprise, a retail and wholesale store, owning vast areas of timber, farming and woods lands.

These brothers, living together in a large commodious house, represent “Ye Old-Time Hospitality.” They married sisters, daughters of Mr. Walter M. Thompson of Onslow County, who was Superintendent of Public Instruction of that County for years. Each brother has a son to perpetuate the name Humphrey.

They are affiliated with the Presbyterian Church, the

Masonic Lodge No. 138, and other organizations of the County and State.

J. S. Humphrey is the largest farmer in the County, personally overseering his farms. He also sublets a very large acreage.

John Henry Burnett

John Henry Burnett was born in Pender County on a farm near Burgaw, September 18, 1888, the son of J. W. H. and Catherine Ann Cowan Burnett.

His educational training began in the Burgaw Graded School. He attended Wake Forest College, receiving an LLB degree from Wake Forest in 1911. He was licensed to practice law by the Supreme Court of North Carolina in August, 1910. He won the Orator's Medal at Wake Forest in 1911. In the fall of 1911 he became Principal of the Snow Hill, North Carolina, Graded School. In the spring of 1912 he moved to Lillington, where he began the practice of law, moving from there to Troy, N. C., the latter part of 1913, where he became a member of the law firm of Armstrong and Burnett. He was elected Reading Clerk of the North Carolina Senate for the extra session of 1913 and the session of 1915. He moved from Troy to Burgaw, N. C., in 1915, for the practice of law. He was elected a member of the North Carolina Senate in 1916, for the two-year term, beginning 1917, representing the ninth Senatorial District, consisting of Pender and Duplin Counties. He was appointed—during the First World War activities—Food Administrator, Chairman of the Counsel of Defense, and Chairman of the Public Service Reserve for Pender County 1917-1918.

Mr. Burnett entered the Y. M. C. A. Army Training School in July, 1918, and served as Army Y. M. C. A. Secretary at Camp Jackson, S. C., August, 1918 to March 15, 1919. He returned to Burgaw in March, 1919 for the






practice of law. He was commissioned as U. S. Internal Revenue Inspector, August, 1920 and after training and examination in the Bureau of Internal Revenue in Washington, D. C., was assigned to the Greenboro Division, North Carolina, as an Estate Tax Examiner. Commissioned as Internal Revenue Agent, effective July 1, 1921, and continued as an Estate Tax Examiner or Agent in North Carolina (except for temporary assignments to New York), and, for a number of years, has been Chief Estate Tax Agent in the Greensboro Division. The appointment indicated is for life under the professional and scientific classification of the U. S. Civil Service.

On December 22, 1915, he was married to Miss Ruth Deaton of Troy, N. C. They have an attractive family of eight children who are affiliated with the Burgaw Methodist Church and members of different organizations.

Hugh MacRae

While Mr. MacRae is not a native son of Pender County, he has been the greatest factor of our County in its development agriculturally.

He is a true son of North Carolina, which he has so signally benefitted. He was born at Carbonton, Lee County. At the age of 16 years he entered the Massachusetts Institute of Technology of Boston, Mass., graduating at the age of 20 as a mining engineer. From that time his keen intellect began to function with reference to mature ideas, and without a doubt he has been one of the leading promoters of North Carolina and his earlier years were spent in strenuous efforts to materialize the plans he was constantly formulating.

While he was at the head of several corporations, organizing Hugh MacRae and Company, developing the Consolidated Railway Light and Power Company, as well as other interests, he was not neglecting his really main objective,

HUGH MACRAE, OF IVERSHIEL FARM, PROMOTER OF PENDER COUNTY FARM LANDS.
that of agricultural development in the South through the formation of farm communities.

After he had developed these plans, he never abandoned his interests in the people to whom he sold land and has always been mindful of their welfare and well-being.

His success in these land projects lies in the fact that he has kept doggedly at his ideas and worked on them from a common-sense principle.

Mr. MacRae is responsible for the development of the Penderlea Subsistence Farms by the Government, having owned at one time a greater part of the land in this set-up.






Also the Saint Helena Colony, and practically all that farming land was developed by Mr. MacRae.

Pender County honors Mr. MacRae for his marked ability and his unwavering interest in the development of our County.

Clifton L. Moore

Clifton L. Moore was born in Pender County, the son of W. J. and Mrs. Ida Moore. He attended the public schools of Pender and graduated at the head of his class, after which he attended the University of North Carolina, graduating from that institution. He is a member of Phi Beta Kappa Scholarship of Society and the Golden Fleece “Honor Order.” He also graduated from the George Washington University Law School, where he was among the first ten in a class of more than 100 students.

Mr. Moore has practiced law in Burgaw for a number of years, having appeared in most of the courts of southeastern Carolina.

He has served as both Vice-President and President of the Eighth District Bar and has been Attorney to the Pender County Commissioners for a number of years.

He was also Judge of the Recorder's Court for five years and served as Chairman of the Democratic Executive Committee for the Sixth Judicial District for the past twelve years.

He is Solicitor for the Counties of Pender, New Hanover, Columbus and Brunswick.

Mr. Moore is a steward in the Methodist-Episcopal Church of Burgaw and teacher of the Men's Bible Class of that Sunday School.

Mr. Moore was Past Master of Masonic Lodge No. 138 in 1938.

Mrs. Seth L. Smith

A former Pender County woman, Mrs. Seth L. Smith, née Miss Blanche Lucas, now of Whiteville, was given the high honor recently of being for the third time listed in the biographical dictionary, American Women, which tells of the most outstanding women in the country annually.

The publication was released in Los Angeles, Calif., by Durwood Howes and contained the biography of 10,222 of the most outstanding women of the country as submitted by organization officials, college and university alumnæ secretaries, business, civic and professional leaders.

The reference to Mrs. Smith, as carried in the American Woman is as follows:

“Blanche Lucas Smith (Mrs. Seth L.), born at Currie, N. C., daughter of Dr. George Franklin and Bertha Simpson Lucas, married Seth Lewis Smith, June 17, 1908; educated at Flora Macdonald College; served as a trustee of the Whiteville High School 1932-33; politics, Democrat; member of the Whiteville Public Library Association, and one of the organizers of it, having served as president, trustee, and has been continuously an officer since its organization; Member United Daughters of Confederacy, being a local officer since 1903; State Recording Secretary, U. D. C., 1928-29; State Historian, U. D. C., 1933-34; Member of Daughters of the American Colonies (State Chaplain 1935-36); Member of the Daughters of the American Revolution (State Chairman of the Historical Guide Book, and State Chairman of the Junior American Citizenship Clubs).

Regent of the Major General Robert Howe Chapter, D.A.R. (1938-39). Member of the Whiteville Woman's Club since 1903 (served every office in the organization, with one term of office as president); Author of North Carolina Memorials and Unmarked Spots of Confederate Interest in North Carolina; Member of the Advisory Committee coöperating with the State Department of Conservation






in marking historical spots in North Carolina; awarded Jeanne Fox Weinman trophy by the Natonal Society, U. D. C. for outstanding historical work (in Baltimore 1933 and in New York in 1934); State D. A. R. Chairman of the Junior American Citizenship Clubs, receiving special honors for the State D. A. R. and from the Major General Robert Howe Chapter.

Dr. Robert J. Williams

Dr. Robert J. Williams, son of James and Laura Johnson Williams, was educated at Davis Military Academy, LaGrange, and the University of Virginia, and finished his medical education at the Jefferson Medical College, Philadelphia, Pa.

Dr. Williams was a man of sterling qualities and has been a great benefactor in the community in which he lives and was one of the most beloved physicians of Pender County. His untiring efforts and his gentle manner in his practice as well as his marked ability as a physician has won for him a place in the hearts of the people that would be hard to fill.

Dr. Williams married Miss Evie Moore, daughter of Charles P. Moore, and from that union they have three sons and two daughters.

Dr. William Ivey Taylor, Sr.

On December 31, 1914, Dr. Taylor came to Burgaw, where he located, maintaining a general medical and surgical practice.

Pender County has no better representative than Dr. Taylor, who is a man of high standing integrity. He was born at Kerr, Sampson County, the son of Lycurgus Knox Taylor and Hattie Elizabeth Taylor, deceased.

Dr. Taylor gained his preliminary education in the public schools of Sampson, graduating from the Clements High

School, Wallace, then entering the Pre-Medical Department of Wake Forest College. At the same time he was a member of the Philomathesian Literary Society. For three years he was a student of the Medical Department of Davidson College and the North Carolina Medical College, attending both at the same time. He was graduated from the latter in 1902 with degree of Doctor of Medicine. Dr. Taylor is a member of King Solomon's Lodge No. 138 A. F. & A. M. of Burgaw; Wilmington Consistory F. A. A. S. R., in the valley of Wilmington in which he has been advanced to 32nd degree, and Sudan Temple A. A. O. N. M. S. of New Bern. He is also a Woodman of the World, a member of the North Carolina Medical Association and the American Medical Association.

From 1896 to 1898 he was a member of the Wilmington Division of the United States Naval Reserves. With the declaration of war with Spain, Dr. Taylor enlisted in the United States Navy for the Spanish-American War, and was apothecary aboard the Nantucket, continuing in the service throughout the war. He was honorably discharged at its close. During the World War I he was Medical Examiner for the Selective Draft Board of Pender County. In December, 1902 he was married to Miss Berta Hood of Charlotte, Mecklenburg County, N. C., the daughter of John Green and Bona Johnston Hood. One daughter, Mrs. Charles Williams of Greenville, S. C., and their only son, Dr. William Ivey Taylor, Jr., is associated with his father in the medical profession in Burgaw and the County generally.

Dr. Taylor, Jr. was educated at Wake Forest College and from there finished at Jefferson Medical College, Philadelphia, receiving his internship from James Walker Memorial Hospital, Wilmington. He is a member of the Burgaw Presbyterian Church, and is also connected with the North Carolina Shipbuilding Corporation of Wilmington as Medical Adviser.






William Alexander Brown

Will A. Brown, as he was affectionately known to his friends and acquaintances, was born at Rocky Point, November 25, 1875, the son of Bryan and Annie James Brown. He attended the public schools of Pender County, 1881-1892, entering the Davis Military Academy in 1893-1894 and the Southern Business College, Atlanta in 1896. A farmer by achievement, engaging in this business in his earlier years, he represented the County as Commissioner during 1900-1906. Chairman of the County Board of Education in 1912-1918; Chairman of the Local Draft Board during the World War; was appointed a member of the Board of Agriculture by Governor Morrison, and reappointed by Gov. Gardner; he was also Presidential Elector in 1924 and State Senator in 1921. He is a Mason and Shriner. On December 23rd, 1896, he married Miss George Ennett, daughter of Dr. Tom Ennett. Four boys and three girls compose the family, of which Mrs. Everette Durham of Burgaw is the youngest daughter.

Robert Grady Johnson

Robert Grady Johnson, son of Joe Ab. and Myrtie Grady Johnson, was born on their plantation a few miles west of Burgaw and is one of Pender's young men who has arisen to political prominence in North Carolina.

His father moved to Burgaw in his early childhood and, after finishing the Burgaw High School, he entered the University of North Carolina, where he completed a two-year course. When the World War started, he entered the service, going to Columbia, S. C., where he was engaged in the Veteran's Hospital, remaining there until the close of the war. After his return to Burgaw, he was connected with the Bank of Pender as Assistant Cashier for five or six years, resigning to enter Wake Forest, where he completed his law course, graduating from that institution.

In 1929 he represented Pender County in the Senate, and in 1931 and 1933 he was elected to the House of Representatives, and in 1935 was Speaker of the House.

In 1936 he was elected Road Commissioner, and later made Director of the Penal Institution of North Carolina.

Mr. Johnson was married to Mrs. Louise White Freeman, of Elizabeth City.

John S. Collins

When still a young man, John S. Collins left Burgaw to find work and to make a home for himself and family, locating in Washington, D. C.

He originally entered the service of the Federal Government by appointment to the Coast Geodetic Survey, then a bureau of the Treasury Department.

In 1910 he was transferred from this bureau to the Bureau of Manufacturers, Department of Commerce and Labor.

In 1912 he was transferred to the Bureau of Foreign and Domestic Commerce.

In 1919 he was appointed Chief Clerk of the Interior Department Indian School at Phoenix, Arizona.

In 1923 he was made Chief Clerk to Chief Supervisor of Education in the Indian Service.

In 1927 he was appointed to the Bureau of Foreign and Domestic Commerce, from which bureau he was transferred to the aeronautic branch as Assistant Chief of the Administration Division.

Later he was made fiscal assistant to the director of the Bureau of Air Commerce and Chief of Administration Division, from which he resigned to take his present position as Administration Assistant in the Bureau of Foreign and Domestic Commerce, Department of Commerce.






David H. Bland

Among the several younger men who have, in the last several decades left our County and taken up their abode in other sections, is Judge David Bland, who has won many laurels for his ability, sobriety, and common-sense judgment.

In 1910 he moved to Goldsboro after having been Principal of the Oxford High School for two years. He has remained in Wayne County, building up a wide and valuable connection in civil and criminal practice. Always interested in politics, as a Democrat, he was appointed Judge of the County Court of Wayne in March, 1913, at the establishment of this Court and has been elected and re-elected to this office every succeeding two years. Judge Bland is an attorney of brilliant attainments and is one of the leaders of the bench and bar, whose prestige has far out-run local boundaries.

Judge Bland was born in Burgaw, a son of John Thomas and Lorena S. Bland. He attended the public schools of Burgaw, Oak Ridge Institute, and took his degree of bachelor of Arts and Master of Arts from Wake Forest College.

He was admitted to the bar in 1908 and for two years he practiced law in his home town of Burgaw, before moving to Goldsboro.

He is a member of King Solomon's Lodge No. 138 of Burgaw. Also a member of the North Carolina Bar Association. During the World War he was a member of the Selective Draft Board of the Eastern District of North Carolina, the Speaker's Bureau of Wayne County, as well as the Fuel Administration, devoting much of his time to the cause.

Judge Bland married Miss Lazina Moore of Greenville and four children comprise this family. All are members of the Baptist Church.

John J. Best

John J. Best, an attorney of the town of Burgaw, is a man who stands high in popular esteem. He came to Burgaw in 1915 and established himself permanently and has since continued his law practice. He was County Attorney from 1922 for several years, also Chairman of the Board of Elections of Pender for two years, and Solicitor of the Recorder's Court for five years, having been reappointed last year after two years absence from this office.

In 1942 Mr. Best was appointed Assistant District Federal Attorney, with offices in the Custom House Building, Wilmington.

Mr. Best was born in Duplin County and educated at Wake Forest College, graduating in 1910 with the degree of Bachelor of Arts. He was a student of the Law Department of Wake Forest and admitted to the bar in 1912.

In 1937 Mr. Best represented Pender County in the Legislature.

In 1915 he was united in marriage to Miss Geneva Moore, daughter of E. MacMoore and Calla Murphy Moore.

Mr. Best is a member of King Solomon's Lodge No. 138 of Burgaw, and a member of the Bar Association.

Dr. Fritz Ebert

Dr. Fritz Ebert, a promising physician of Chattanooga, Tenn., was a grandson of one of Pender County's old citizens, Robert M. Croom, who was connected with the County management during the first years of its creation, and representing the County in the Legislature for two consecutive periods.

Dr. Ebert left Pender with his mother and family while in his early teens, going from here to Columbia, S. C., where the family still resides.






Dr. Ebert was educated at the University of South Carolina and Vanderbilt University; was a member of Alpha Kappa Kappa Medical Fraternity and of Honorary Eve Club. He served his internship at Nashville General Hospital and later served as resident surgeon.

He has been located in Chattanooga for the past thirteen years and is on the Staff of Baronness Erlinger Hospital.

Dr. Ebert is also a member of the Chattanooga Golf and Country Club, Fairyland Club and Golf Club, Rod and Gun Club and is a licensed pilot, owning his own plane.

When a call was sent out for volunteers during the World War, Fritz enlisted and became stenographer for the captain of his company. Being of German descent, he asked to be allowed to go to the front to fight for the good old U. S. A. He was released from office work and saw service at the front, being a member of the famous Rainbow Division.

Dr. Ebert married Miss Mildred Thompson, of Carthage, Tennessee.

Dr. W. J. B. Orr

Dr. William J. Bryan Orr, one of Pender County's young men who left his home in the County to make a home and reputation for himself in another section of the country, was born at Currie. Dr. Orr was educated at the University of North Carolina and the University of Maryland—receiving his M. D. degree. After serving as a resident surgeon at the City Hospital in Baltimore, he was appointed surgeon to the Atlantic Coast Line Railroad Hospital at Rocky Mount. Later he organized and built the Johnston County Hospital, Smithfield, and was superintendent and surgeon at this hospital until 1930. He then took a year's post-graduate work in General Surgery and Gynecology, opening an office in Washington, D. C., where he practices his profession.

Dr. Orr is affiliated with many organizations, being a

member of the Presbyterian Church, and has served in the capacity of Elder and Sunday School Superintendent. He is an active Shriner, being at present medical aid to Almas potentate. He is also active in Jesterdom and past director of Capital Court No. 50. He also belongs to numerous medical societies and the Columbia Country Club at Chevy Chase, Maryland.

He is a staunch Carolinian and still a devotee of his native County, where he visits semi-annually.

Henry L. Johnson

Henry L. Johnson, a son of Pender County, was born on his father's farm about six miles west of Burgaw. His parents were Joab Johnson and Myrtie Grady Johnson. His father, now deceased, was clerk of the Court of Pender County for twenty years.

In 1917, after graduating from the Burgaw High School, he entered the academic and law school of the University of North Carolina. He continued there for three years and in September, 1923, was admitted to the bar and immediately entered the practice of law at Wilmington, where he was associated with his uncle, Robt. G. Grady, remaining there until September, 1925, when he came back to Burgaw to supervise the Burgaw branch office of the firm of Grady and Johnson.

Henry Johnson, one of Burgaw's attractive sons, is a man of brilliant abilities; a good Democrat, and holds a position in Raleigh as legal adviser to the local Government Board.

John Thomas Wells

John Thomas Wells was born in Pender County, the son of W. S. Wells and Lizzie B. Wells, deceased.

After finishing in the schools of Pender he entered the services of the Government on September 25, 1916, and was






sent to Camp Glen, N. C. being transferred to Camp Stewart, Texas, then to Camp Sevier and promoted to rank of Corporal September 1, 1917, and to Sergeant on April 11, 1918. On April 26, 1918 he sailed for Calais, France. He fought at Ypres and Bellicourt and was wounded at Bellincourt, September 20, 1918, by gas and shrapnel. For extraordinary heroism in action near Bellincourt September 29, 1918, he was cited for bravery receiving the French Croix de Guerre and D. S. C. Wounded at the start of an advance, he continued in command of his platoon and engaging in hand-to-hand fighting, bayoneted three Germans and captured several others. He displayed marked personal bravery, leading his platoon ably until forced to retire because of loss of blood from his wounds. He was sent to Seventh British Base Hospital, Camiers, France. He was on border duty six months. He returned home after the armistice was signed and mustered out at Camp Jackson, April 8, 1919.

John Wells has ably represented Pender County in the Legislature for two consecutive terms and became Clerk of the Court of Pender County in 1930, which office he resigned to become Cashier of the First Citizens Bank & Trust Company of Burgaw.

Mr. Wells was married to Miss Mary Barden, sister of Hon. Graham Barden, in 1934. By this union they have two handsome sons.

Mr. Wells is affiliated with the Methodist-Episcopal Church, the Masonic Lodge, Lion's Club and is Commander of the American Legion.

Hon. Graham A. Barden

Hon. Graham A. Barden moved to Burgaw as a young lad with his father's family in 1908, and graduated from the Burgaw High School and served in the United States Navy during the World War. He was educated at the University

of North Carolina, graduating with LL.B. degree in 1920. He was a member of Sigma Chi fraternity, and was licensed to practice law in August 1920. He taught school one year in New Bern and after making his home there, served three terms as Judge of the County Court of Craven County. He represented Craven County in the North Carolina General Assembly in 1933 and was elected to the 74th Congress from the 3rd District and was re-elected to the 75th and 76th Congress without opposition.

Mr. Barden married Miss Agnes Foy of New Bern and has a son and daughter. Politically Mr. Barden is a Democrat. He is affiliated with the Presbyterian Church, being a member of the Board of Deacons, also a member of the Masonic Order, having served as Past Master of Doric Lodge A. F. & A. M. No. 568, Sudan Temple Shrine. A member of Junior Order of Mechnics, of which he has been counselor, and the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks, being a past commander of the New Bern Lodge No. 764. Past Commander Donnerson-Hawkins Post No. 24 of American Legion; past District Commander of American Legion.

Thurman Tate Murphy

Thurman Murphy, as every man, woman and child in Pender County knows him, was born in the western part of the County, near Atkinson, the son of Henry and Priscilla Murphy. Mr. Murphy became Superintendent of the Pender County Schools in 1903, before reaching the age of 21 years. During the first years of his work, and in 1906 he resigned to resume his collegiate course. Reverend Charles E. Utley filled the unexpired time of Mr. Murphy.

Since July, 1909 he has performed the duties of Superintendent of the County Schools in a most acceptable manner as well as acting as Welfare Representative throughout the County up to three years ago. During that time he has been instrumental in bringing about the consolidation of the rural






schools of Pender and in building and equipping five high school units, to say nothing of the Negro schools throughout the County, that have been greatly improved with more modern equipment. Mr. Murphy has been an outstanding factor in his methods and his achievement regarding educational advantages for Pender County.

It is needless to say that Pender County has been most fortunate in having one of its illustrious sons as Superintendent and one whose heart and soul is wrapped up in the work that he has been putting across to the people of the County in an educational and civic minded manner. Mr. Murphy has not only been interested in standardizing our schools and school system, but he has unstintingly given of his time, and means toward education and the general betterment of conditions, sanitary and otherwise throughout the County.

For many years Mr. Murphy served as representative of the Welfare Work, helping the halt, the lame and the blind by his untiring efforts for which he received no compensation. Even though he has been relieved of this work for the last three years, his advice is constantly sought by many, who feel that he can accomplish the impossible.

Mr. Murphy is an active member of King Solomon Lodge No. 138, having been secretary for a number of years. He is affiliated with the Presbyterian Church of Burgaw as one of its Elders.

He married Miss Mabel Logue of Pennsylvania, and by this union they have two daughters and one son, Henry Murphy, who was a pilot in the South Pacific War Zone.

James V. Whitfield

James Vivian Whitfield was born at Seven Springs, N. C., July 23, 1894. His father was James A. Whitfield, his mother Vivian Powers, daughter of Captain K. B. Powers and Maria Faison Powers.

He was educated at Wilmington and Wallace Graded Schools, Horner Military School, Oxford, N. C., and the University of North Carolina, receiving his B. A. degree in 1915 and M. A. degree in 1919.

From 1915 to 1917, Mr. Whitfield was Commandant and taught history at Horner Military School, and from 1917 to 1919 he was military instructor and English instructor at the University of North Carolina.

In July, 1919 he was appointed Vice-Consul of the United States at Montevideo, Uruguay; in April, 1920 he was appointed Vice-Consul to Bahia Blanca, Argentina and in December of the same year he was assigned as Vice-Consul to Havana, Cuba. In 1922 he was appointed Vice-Consulin-Charge at Matanzas, Cuba. In 1923 he was appointed Consul at Mantanzas and in December, 1925 he was transferred to Monterrey, Mexico, as Consul.

In 1927 Mr. Whitfield resigned from the Foreign Service to enter the Import-Export business in New York.

At present he lives at his old home in Union Township, Pender County, and is engaged in farming.

He has one son, John Whitfield, who is serving overseas.

Mr. Whitfield was elected representative from this County to the next General Assembly 1944.

Thomas LeRoy Lee

Thomas LeRoy Lee of Carthage, N. C., the son of Mrs. J. M. Lee and the late J. M. Lee, was born on his father's farm near Croom's Bridge in Pender County. At an early age he entered the Asheville schools and graduated from the Asheville High School at the age of 14 years, after which he entered St. Joseph's College, Belmont, N. C., and while a student in that College he was awarded the first gold medal that had been given any student in years for being the best student in mathematics. After leaving school he assisted his father in his mercantile store in the town of Watha. Later






he accepted a position with Marcus Bear and Brother of Wilmington, N. C. and worked for them until they went out of business. On recommendation from this firm he became connected with Anderson and Brother of Richmond, Virginia, and also with Drewry Hughes, until they retired, after which he went to Baltimore and was connected with John Hurst, and later with Butler Brothers for several years.

He opened two stores of his own, one at Fairmont, N. C., and one at Tabor City, N. C., which were very successful. He now operates a chain of five stores, which are all doing good business.

Mr. Lee was married the first time to Martha Irma Parsons in 1915. He has two children by this union: Mrs. Ann Margaret Johnson of Parksley, Va., and a son, James Lawrence Lee, in the service in Italy. Mrs. Lee passed away in 1925.

In 1942 he married Mrs. Emily Edwards of Lumberton, North Carolina.

Herbert James Herring

Herbert James Herring, Duke University Dean, was born in Pender County on the 11th of December, 1899, the son of J. Fletcher Herring and Alice Johnson Herring, deceased. He was educated at the Burgaw High School, Burgaw, N. C., and Trinity College; received A. B. degree from Duke University 1922, and A. M. degree from Columbia University 1929. On December 31, 1929 he was married to Virginia Cozart of Stem, N. C.

Was teacher of English in R. J. Reynolds High School from 1922-1924; Assistant Dean Instructor Speech of Duke University 1924-1935; Dean of Men, Assistant Professor Speech, Duke University 1935. President N. C. Association of College Registrars 1938-39; served as private S. A. T. C. three months. Member Sigma Upsilon, Tau Alpha, Phi Eta Sigma, Omicron Delta Kappa, Sigma Chi, Phi Beta Kappa.

A member of the Rotary Club; a Democrat, and member of the Methodist Church South. In 1942 he was made Dean of Men of Duke University, Durham, N. C.

George L. Paddison

George L. Paddison, son of Mr. and Mrs. A. H. Paddison, was born in Burgaw, attended the school of Burgaw and was graduated from the University of North Carolina in 1905 with an A. B. degree; from the Kentucky State University in 1906 with an M. A. degree, and from the University of Mississippi in 1909 with LL.B. degree. He was an Instructor in Chemistry at Kentucky State University one year and Assistant Professor of Chemistry at the University of Mississippi for three years.

He practiced law in Greenwood, Miss. for five years, closing his law office upon the advent of the boll weevil to that section and going with the West Publishing Company as salesman in 1914. He has been with this company continuously ever since, now accepting the position of supervisor of its salesmen and the salesmen of its subsidiary companies.

Mr. Paddison is a Mason, a Shriner and a member of the Delta Psi college fraternity.

He has never married and still calls Burgaw his home where he spends his annual summer vacations.

His headquarters are in New York City.

Gibson James

In the year 1786 Isaac James, the father of Gibson James, moved from Onslow County to New Hanover, now Pender County, and settled at Maple Hill, where he owned about 25,000 acres of land. In dividing his property, he gave his youngest son, Gibson James, the present home place where the family now resides. He was the owner of a large






number of slaves and many of the descendants are still in that section of the County.

Mr. Gibson James has had an active business career, as well as being interested in the political activity of the County and its potential growth. He was elected to the Legislature in 1879 and re-elected in 1899. He was active in putting through the Legislature what was and is known as the “Grandfather Clause” in the State Constitution, requiring one to be sufficiently educated to be able to read the Constitution of the United States, before voting. He has always been very much interested in promoting education, having served on the Board of Education as Chairman a considerable portion of the time. He also served on the Board of County Commissioners and was Chairman for a number of years. During his term in the Legislature, he introduced a bill creating the Moore's Creek Battle Ground Association, which developed and provided for the care of the grounds, preserving the battlefield until it was taken over by the Federal Government and made into a National Park.

Incidentally his son, Murray James, was instrumental in passing upon the title and proving it and transferring it to the Government and making it the Moore's Creek National Military Park.

Mr. James passed on to his reward in February, 1945 at the age of 94 and was buried in the old family burying ground.

Mrs. Mary Colvin Murphy

Mrs. Mary Colvin Murphy was born in Atkinson, Pender County, North Carolina, the daughter of James W. and Annie Moore Colvin. Mrs. Murphy was educated at James Sprunt Institute and Peace Institute. She has traveled extensively in the United States and in Europe and has Statewide recognition in the educational, cultural, patriotic and political life of North Carolina.

Mrs. Murphy has been identified with many State civic organizations and is a member of the State Historical Society. Also a member of many Patriotic Organizations, United Daughters of the Confederacy, Daughters of the American Revolution, and the North Carolina Society of Colonial Dames of America. For some time Mrs. Murphy served as Vice-Chairman of the Democratic Executive Committee of the State of North Carolina.

Philip Edward Lucas

Philip Edward Lucas, son of Mrs. Elizabeth W. Lucas and the late Dr. Philip E. Lucas, was born in Burgaw.

He attended the Burgaw High School and from there went to the University of North Carolina where he won many honors throughout his college course.

He was awarded an A. B. degree in 1939 and an LL.B. degree in 1941 from the University of North Carolina.

He was licensed by the North Carolina Bar Association in 1941 and 1942, until he enlisted in the Naval Reserves. He received training at Columbia University and was commissioned an ensign in the graduating class of August, 1942.

He is a member of the Burgaw Presbyterian Church. He is now serving overseas.

William Norman Cowan

William Norman Cowan, the son of Mrs. Martha Cowan and the late R. D. Cowan, was born October 7th, 1899. He went to the Burgaw High School and also to school in New York City. On March 15th, 1917, at the age of 18 years, he enlisted in the United States Army and was sent to Fort Slocum, New York to receive his recruit training. From Fort Slocum he went to Douglas, Arizona. He was assigned to the 11th Regular United States Infantry, and in April 1918, went overseas, remaining in France 18 months. After






his return to Camp Devers, Mass., he decided to make the Army his life career and was assigned to Camp Lee, Virginia, and later to Fort Meade, Md., each six months. Both camps were disbanded, after which he was assigned to Fort Hamilton, New York, one of the most outstanding forts in the United States. He remained there 23 years, at which time he was Sergeant Major of the famous Fighting Division which was the first division of American troops to arrive in France and the last division to return to the United States in the First World War and the second World War has been a repetition of the first and while his good wishes and his heart is with them in their strife of battle for the rights and love of country, he was debarred on account of health from going overseas.

In 1942 he was commissioned Captain of the Adjutant General's Department and assigned to Headquarters Anti-Aircraft Command, Richmond, Va., where he has been since April 1st, 1942.

Major Cowan is a member of the Presbyterian Church, and a member of the Masonic Lodge No. 138 of Burgaw, N. C. He married Miss Elva M. Meeks of Sanford, N. C., and has two attractive young sons.

Dr. William Luther Hand

Dr. William Luther Hand was born in Burgaw, Pender County, the son of William McCallum and Eliza Jane Bunting Hand. He went through the Burgaw schools and in 1903 entered the University of Maryland, Baltimore, where he made the study of dentistry. During his first year he was elected to membership of Omega Dental Fraternity and held office in the North Carolina Society of the University of Maryland, graduating in June 1905 with the degree of D.D.S. and in September 1905 located in New Bern to practice his profession. In 1907 and also 1918 had post-graduate

courses at Harvard University and 1908 post-graduate courses at Northwestern University, Chicago.

Dr. Hand is affiliated with the First Presbyterian Church of New Bern and for seven years acted as Deacon having been Elder and Clerk of the session since 1921 and also Superintendent of Sunday School for fifteen years.

In 1926 a Boys’ Club was organized, known as the Hand Gang Boys, ranging in years from 6 years up, and later merging into the Boy Scout Program as Troup 50. Dr. Hand has been its Master since its birth, with the troop having its own club house, dock, diving tower and all playground equipment. More than 400 boys’ lives have been influenced by this contact, so says Dr. Hand, and the things that he claims he cherishes most were his close affiliation and activities with the youth of his adopted County of Craven. Dr. Hand was president of Y. M. C. A. for years and on Board of Directors during its existence. Dr. Hand served on the School Board for eleven years, director of one of the leading banking institutions, member of the Board of Health, dental surgeon for the Geodetic Survey, Coast Guard and Veterans’ Bureau and President of the 5th District Dental Society, also a member of the Draft Board of Craven County as dental surgeon, and President of the Craven County Dental Society. On November 30th, 1910 he was married to Miss Elizabeth Gavine Ellis of New Bern and from this union they have one son, W. L. Hand, Jr.

Roy Rowe

Roy Rowe, one of Pender County's illustrious sons, who has achieved success in every walk of life which he has undertaken, was born in Pender on his old ancestral plantation which has been in the family for many generations about eight miles northeast of Burgaw. He is the son of Nicholas Henry Rowe and Mary Belle Rowe, born on May 25th, 1905.






ROY ROWE

He attended the graded school at the Carolina Industrial School in the Shelter Neck area, finishing high high school work from the Farm Life School, Vanceboro, after which he attended the University of North Carolina, later attending the Theatre Managers School in New York. After several months of training he became manager of theatres in Spartanburg, S. C., Greenboro and Raleigh, N. C. for two years and accepted the management of Warner Brothers Theatres in Pittsburgh, Pa. and Washington, D. C. for five years.

Coming back to North Carolina, he taught for three years at Emmerton College, Vanceboro. Becoming more interested

in having a business of his own making, he opened a chain of theatres during the year 1935 in Burgaw, Bethel, Elizabethtown and Richlands and continues to operate the Burgaw and Elizabethtown theatres.

In 1936 he was elected to the State Senate and again in 1940 and 1944 and elected to the House of Representatives in 1942. Mr. Rowe has been exceedingly interested in aviation for many years and is a charter member of the Civil Air Patrol and during World War II became a major in this organization. Mr. Rowe was instrumental in developing the Burgaw Airport and was the power behind the throne in doing so, which has developed into a Government School for training G. I.’s in aviation.

Mr. Rowe is chairman of the Aeronautic Commission of North Carolina, a trustee of the University of North Carolina and also of the Negro College of Durham, a member of the National Council of State Government of North Carolina and a member of the King Solomon Masonic Lodge #138 of Burgaw.

In 1929 he married Miss Nina Worsley of Mayesville. From this union they have two very attractive children, Tonia and Roy Rowe, Jr.

Historical Markers

The following Historical Highway Markers which have been presented at different times by the State of North Carolina Historical Commission and placed by the State of North Carolina Highway Commission are fine tributes to the memory of some of our old patriots who lived and died in this section of Pender County.

MOORE'S CREEK BRIDGE

First Battle of the Revolution in N. C. Feb. 27, 1776. Tory Defeat. U. S. Military Park. 5 mi. southwest, on U. S. Route 421, near intersection with N. C. Highway 602.






In patriotic Commemoration of the Visit of George Washington on his tour
of the Southern States—1791.
The Live Oak Tree under which it is said George Washington and his
staff of officers ate their lunch and rested their horses during Revolutionary
times.
This tree is located on U. S. Highway No. 17 Pender County between
Scotts Hill and Hampstead, Pender County.
The Stamp Defiance Chapter, Daughters of the American Revolution of
Wilmington placed a marker commemorating this incident 1925.

SAMUEL ASHE

Governor, 1795-98; President Council Safety 1776; one of first three State Judges.—Grave 3 mi. east, on U. S. Route 117 at Rocky Point.

ALEXANDER LILLINGTON

Revolutionary Leader, Whig Colonel in Battle of Moore's Creek Bridge, 1776. Grave 9 mi. northeast, U. S. Route 117 at Rocky Point.

HINTON JAMES

First Student to enter the University of North Carolina, 1795. Civil Engineer, State Legislator. Grave 300 yards East, on route U. S. 117 about four miles north Burgaw.

JAMES MOORE

Commander of Whigs in Moore's Creek Campaign, 1776, Brigadier General North Carolina troops at Charleston. Died 1777. His home 3 mi. S. E. on east side of U. S. Route 117, Rocky Point.

S. S. SATCHWELL

Founder of State Medical Society, 1849; head of Confederate Hospital at Wilson. 1st President State Board of Health, 1879. Home stood here. On U. S. Route 117 in Burgaw.

Home-Coming Day

Expressing joy in the glorious past and hope for peace in the future, on November 9th, 1939, Pender County celebrated its first Home-Coming Day in Burgaw, the County seat, honoring four great men of the past and numerous sons of the present.

This day was set apart for the purpose of bringing to our people and the surrounding community some of the historic values for which Pender County is famed. A very satisfying detailed program was carried out to the letter. Dr. Frank P. Graham of the University of North Carolina was the principal speaker of the day. He made a most interesting as well as enlightening address and in such a graphic manner that it portrayed the spirit of the battle of Moore's Creek Bridge as it was fought. He went into great detail with the events surrounding the battle and of the American and British strategies which led to the method used to win the battle. Out of the spirit generated at Moore's Creek Bridge,






North Carolina it said to the rest of the Colonies, “We are ready.”

“It is my hope,” said Dr. Graham, “that this Home-Coming Day for Pender may become home-coming day for the United States. We have a great battle to fight here at home for Democracy, peace, freedom and justice.” He also told of the deeds of Alexander Lillington, Samuel Ashe and Hinton James, dealing also with the deeds of Col. Moore and Col. Richard Caswell.

The second speaker of the day was Dr. George Cooper of the State Board of Health, who read a most interesting paper on the achievements of Dr. S. S. Satchwell, who was the first President of the State Board of Health of North Carolina.

Dr. C. C. Crittenden, Secretary of the North Carolina Historical Commission, spoke very interestingly of the Highway Marker Program throughout North Carolina and presented to Pender County markers of Governor Samuel Ashe, General Lillington, and Hinton James, the first student to matriculate at the University, which was unveiled by Dr. Graham and Miss Jean Brown Gibson, great-great-granddaughter of Hinton James.

When James matriculated on February 12th, 1795, there was one building, one professor and one student—he being the only student at that time.

At the conclusion of the different addresses, a basket lunch was spread under the shade of the beautiful trees on the Court House square, where tables had been arranged for the good viands for which the Pender County women are noted, which crowned the day a marvelous success.

* * *

On July 4th, 1942 a Victory Day was celebrated with patriotic speeches and a Victory Day dinner. In the afternoon the unveiling of the historical marker to Dr. S. S. Satchwell took place, Mr. T. T. Murphy, Superintendent of

THE HOME-COMING DAY PARADE
Education of Pender County presenting the marker to the County, State and the family of Dr. Satchwell. This was accepted by the grandson, Mr. Edward Sloan, of Greenville, S. C., and unveiled by the great-granddaughter and great-grandson of this illustrious old Confederate physician.

Origin of Negro Head Road

Most everyone who has lived for any length of time in either New Hanover or Pender County has heard something about Negro Head Road, the origin by which it is familiarly known.

Negro Head Point is the extreme point of land lying between the North East Cape Fear River and the Cape Fear River itself, where they join, and is some four or five hundred feet from Market Street Dock. This road starts at this point and comes into Pender County around Richards and extends through the western part of the County, presumably terminating at Fayetteville.

According to tradition, it took the name of “Negro Head






Point” from the fact that in the earlier settlement of the country, the head of a famous Negro outlaw, who had committed sundry acts of theft and murder in this and adjoining counties, was erected on a stake at this point and left there as a warning to others.

At that time this point was an uncultivated swamp or forest of tall trees, intermingled with undergrowth of loblolly, bay, rattan and bamboo briars. On this spot at that time grew a tall cypress, the monarch of the swamp. This tree is said to have been several feet in diameter and 70 feet to the first limb, being hollow throughout and it contained within its base a chamber large enough to accommodate a small family and the exterior or shell was perfectly sound but to this singular mansion there was no visible entrance. It was first discovered by Col. Thomas Bloodworth, a Welsh gentleman, though then a citizen of this country. When out on a fox chase one morning, the dogs pursued a fox to this point and then suddenly disappeared. He could distinctly hear them barking but could not determine their whereabouts. At length, it occured to him that they must be inside of the tree but could not find a visible entrance.

On retracing his steps about fifty yards, he perceived that the leaves and earth had been scratched up, as if by dogs’ feet, and a cavern or tunnel in the earth, large enough he supposed to admit a man, and leading directly towards the tree. Entering this passage and fearlessly pursuing it, he was suddenly ushered into a spacious chamber and found the dogs exulting over their prey, having killed two foxes, a raccoon, and a mink, which had entered the hollow of the tree, no doubt the place of their abode. It immediately occured to Col. Bloodworth that this might be converted into a citadel to annoy the British while they had possession of Wilmington. He returned home revolving this project in his mind, but kept his discovery and design a profound secret, for such was the perilous state of the times, that their

inmost thoughts seemed to be conveyed to the British by the prowling, infamous Tories.

The family of Bloodworth came over to this country many years before the Revolutionary War, direct from Wales, and settled near South Washington, then New Hanover County (now Watha, Pender County).

They are said to have been patronized by the celebrated Sir William Jones, who himself was a Welchman and one of the most learned men in Europe. The old colonists used to exhibit his letters to them with much pride and expressed for him a most affectionate regard.

The Bloodworths were poor, but not illiterate. They were moral and industrious, with strong national feelings regarding themselves as the pure original Britons whom the mongrel Anglo-Saxon race had driven from their homes and despoiled their property. Of course, they held the English in utter abhorrence and when the war of the Revolution broke out, they joined the patriots to a man. It used to be a common saying among the Whigs, that you might as well expect to find a mare's nest as a Welch Tory. The Bloodworths all had a mechanical genius and being Tuba Cains were very cunning in the working of metals. They manufactured pikes, pistols and the very best of rifles.

When Bloodworth discovered the hollow tree, he thought he could make a rifle that would carry a two-ounce ball with sufficient accuracy to the dock of Market Street. Accordingly he set to work and made a rifle of uncommon length and caliber. With this he practiced shooting at a target, the distance which he supposed the tree was from Market Street Dock and having an accuracy for mensuration, he was probably not far wrong. The experiment succeeded according to his wishes; for having drawn the figure of a man on his barn door, he never failed to lodge a ball in it every shot.

One fine day in July he said to his son, Tim, then a small lad and to Jim Padgett, another small urchin in his employ: “Come boys, let us see if we can start a fox, or tree a raccoon






this morning; but as it may be a long hunt, suppose we take some grog along with us.” So saying he filled two wallets with provision and laying them on the shoulders of the two boys, he took old Bess, as he called his new-made rifle, with an augur and a large jug in his hand to hold water. Thus equipped they entered a canoe on the North East Cape Fear River and set their compass for Negro Head Point. On arriving at the tree he disclosed his plans to the boys as follows:

“Well boys, yonder cypress tree is to be our home for two weeks to come and mayhap it may be our everlasting home. There is a large hollow in it capable of lodging us comfortably and as it is adapted to my purpose, I want to take possession of it for a time. It will be necessary to make a little scaffold and to make a little opening in the tree, fronting Market Street Dock, where the British are in the habit of assembling. The opening must be large enough to admit the muzzle of old Bess; and when she goes off in that direction, with the right charge of powder and lead, somebody's head may ache, but not ours; at least the hardest must fend off. Now if you boys think you can stand to it without flinching, say so, if not, say so—and you can go home and old Tom will try his luck alone.” The boys gave three cheers and said they would stand by him to the last; and they all entered the aperture, and were soon in the hollow of the tree. Tim commenced a hole to admit old Bess, standing on the shoulders of his father and supported by Jim Padgett. A scaffold was soon erected with pieces of timber brought in from the swamp and additional holes were bored higher up in the tree to admit light and air. Old Bess was soon in the proper place and ready for action.

There were, however, several bay trees in front which completely concealed the lower part of the cypress but by cutting away a few limbs and leaves a full view was given of the Market Street Dock or Wharf. It so happened in the summer that from ten o'clock in the morning until sundown,

the wind set almost uniformly up the river, serving to bear away the smoke of the rifle in a northerly direction among the cypress trees, deadening the report at the same time and thus concealing it from the enemy.

The morning of the fourth of July, the day of American Independence, was the time fixed on for old Bess’ introduction to his Majesty's Loyal Subjects. “You see, boys,” said the old Colonel, “that group of Britishers, with their red coats standing before Nelson's liquor store on Market Wharf. Now I'll dispatch a two-ounce ball to inquire what they are doing there this morning and politely to ask after the health of Major Craig and that infernal Tory, Captain Gordon of the Dragoons.” “Crack” went his rifle! “See, by blood!” said Tim, “there is a man down and four others are lifting him into the shop.” “Very good,” said the Colonel, wiping out the gun, and filling his charger with powder and carefully emptying it into the muzzle, then taking out a patch from the breech, rubbing it in the tallow box, placing it under the ball at the muzzle and carefully ramming it down. “Fix my seat, Tim, I'll try if I can send another into the shop to look after the first.” Another report of the rifle. “Thar! I'll be darned to small flinders,” said Jim Padgett, “if another ain't down; and see they are bearing the red coat into the shop.”

Utter consternation seemed to prevail on the wharf; men were running to and fro, some pointing one way, some another, but no one suspecting the secret source of their annoyance. The drums began to beat to arms and the fifes to squeal but all in vain, they were struck down by an unknown invisible hand. As if impelled by fate, a column of soldiers now marched down to the wharf with colors flying, drums beating and fifes discoursing martial music.

“Now Kurnel,” said Jim, “suppose you let me try my hand this time.” “But Jim, do you think you can hold the gun steady?” “To be sure I can,” said Jim. Jim replied,






“My shanks and arms are none of the biggest, but I think I can do that thing.” The Colonel surrendered the gun to Jim who took steady aim and drew the trigger. In a moment, in the twinkling of an eye, there was a universal fluttering in the dove cote and the column disbanded scattering in every direction.

Jim elated with his success, said, “Kurnel, old Bess must have been rude and offensive to them thar folks.” “But see, Jim,” said the Colonel, “they are taking off to their boats and we may have to leave here in double quick time—but wait and see.” The boats were rowed across the river to the ferry landing on the opposite side. Having called a council and judging that the shot must have come from the swamp, some on that side, they divided and began to penetrate the swamp, some on the right and some on the left but no boat came in the direction of Negro Head Point, from which they deemed it impossible that a rifle ball could reach them.

“Now boys,” said the Colonel, “this will do for the first day's work. Open the provision and after having paid our respects to the outer, let us try if we can comfort the inner man.” On waking next morning, they discovered no one stirring on Market Street Wharf and a death-like stillness seemed to pervade the town. Presently, however, the drum and fife struck up the morning reveille. But still no one approached Market Wharf which had been the theater for the display of old Bess’ prowess on the day before. Jim said, “They hev got shy. Wait till grog time, which with these Britishers is allers about ten o'clock, for they say the sun rises an hour too late in this country, and if you don't see Nelson's liquor shop crowded with red coats, then I'm a liar. We will be in no hurry, for the wind wont fairly set up the river before that time.” Sure enough, Jim proved no false prophet in Israel, for just as the hour arrived several red coats were seen gliding rapidly into the shop as if fearful they would be shot down in transit. Toward twelve o'clock,

meeting with no molestation, they became more confident and assembled as usual in groups before the door. “Now Kurnel,” said Jim, “spose you introduce Bess among them again,” and no sooner said than done, “crack” went his rifle and another prostrate Briton was carried into the shop. The gun having been reloaded as a dragoon rode down to water his horse, “There, Kurnel,” continued Jim, “that's a mighty purty feather in that feller's cap. I think a little wettin would improve it, try and dip it in the river.” Another blast of the rifle and the dragoon and the plume lay in the river in the water. The man was hurriedly borne up the street, the drums beat to arms again and boatmen were sent out to scour the swamps on the opposite side, but returned with the same result as before.

Our adventurers had been amusing themselves with this pastime for a week or more, when a prowling Tory informed the British that old Bloodworth had been for sometime from home; that he had taken with him a large rifle of his own make and that he must be concealed somewhere in the swamps, that he was probably the author of this mischief. The sagacious Tory thought it possible, though not very probable that Negro Head Point was the place of his concealment and advised them to give it a thorough search, to cut down all the undergrowth and some of the cypress trees, so as to afford no hiding place for the d—d rebels. One morning early, the Colonel said to his son Tim, “Aren't those boats coming toward this place?” “I think they be, Father. Shall we retreat or wait the result?” “Why,” said Jim Padgett, “if Tim will only shut up that thar hole where old Bess peeps out when she wants to pry inter other people's biziness, I think we might as well stay here, fer it will take good eyes to look into this here holler.” Jim's advise was taken and the hole ingeniously closed. In the meantime the boats approached and having landed twenty men at the point, they proceeded instantly with their axes to cut away the undergrowth and some of the cypress trees but it was






late in the evening before they got to the cypress where our heroes lay concealed. “Well,” said a soldier as he struck an axe into it, “as it is now sundown, suppose we let this huge fellow stand until morning but it must be cut down for it is so large it obstructs the view into the swamps beyond.” “It will be a herculean labor,” said one of the officers not suspecting that it was hallow, “and it is too late to undertake it now but let ten axes encounter it at sunrise tomorrow morning.” The inmates of the tree, who had thought their last hours were approaching, now began to breathe more freely and not doubting that they could make their escape in the course of the night, they began to feel that they had a prospect of more days to live. The officer called off the men, all except the ten who were to be employed next morning in the work of removing the tree and returned to town. The ten men who were left returned to a large yawl floating at the Point, spread over it an awning and unceremoniously went to sleep, leaving three sentinels posted—one at the yawl, one a few hundred yards up the Black River, and another about the same distance up the North East River near the place of the old ferry landing. There was a small recess in the river concealed by rushes, where our adventurers had left the canoe which brought them down and which was to serve them again in time of need. Unfortunately as it seemed to them, this recess was only a few feet from one of the sentinels and to reach it unobserved they thought was impossible. The first thought that occured to them, was to creep up and tomahawk him at his post but much to their gratification they were relieved from this bloody alternative. Jim had left the tree unobserved by the others and had gone forward for the purpose of reconnoitering, but as bad luck would have it when he had approached within ten steps of the Northeast sentinel, cautiously and silently opening the rushes as he advanced, a rotten rattan snapped short in his hand as he was endeavoring to thrust it aside and seemed to expose him to imminent danger of being shot. “Who goes

there?” cried the sentinel and at the same time presenting his gun in the direction of the sound, but Jim who had gotten his diploma for imitating the voices of sundry animals, wild and tame, only answered with a grunt which was the perfect imitation of the piney woods hog.

“Oh, blast your long snout,” said the sentinel. “I might have known it was you, for who the devil would be fool enough to be eat up by the mosquitoes in the swamp at this time of night. There will be little use for you tonight,” addressing his gun and resting it on a stump and then leaning himself against a tree in a few minutes he began to snore with his mouth wide open as Jim could plainly see by the light of the moon. Hastening back to his companions, he said to them, “Come quickly, the cussed critter is fast asleep with his mouth wide open but tis a pity to kill him, so we'll just thrust a gag in his mouth to keep him from hollering and if he does holler, I'll tell him this hatchet shall taste his skull and I'll swagger but he'll keep quiet.”

Then cutting a round stick and tying a string to each end, they went up to the guard and instantly thrust the stick between his jaws, tying the string behind his neck and leaving him bound hand and foot in the swamp.

These gallant adventurers returned home in safety, without molestation, but the Englishmen on finding the sentinel the next morning at his post bound, and on attacking the big cypress according to orders, soon found the secret of their annoyance brought to light and though much mortified they were saved any further trouble in that direction.

The British soon after evacuated Wilmington, as before related, and went where they had perhaps more important work to do but not more glory in the result.

It is also said that the British offered a premium of $1,000 for the capture of these Whigs, but they were never successful in doing so.—Carruther's History.






The State Flag of North Carolina

The Flag is an emblem of antiquity and has commanded respect and reverence from practically all nations from earliest times. History traces it to divine origin, the early

THE PRESENT FLAG

peoples of the earth attributing to it strange, mysterious and supernatural powers. Indeed our first recorded references to the standard and banner of which our present flag is but a modified form, are from sacred rather than from secular sources. We are told that it was around the banner that prophets of old rallied their armies and under which the hosts of Israel were led to the war, believing, as they did, that it carried with it divine favor and protection.

Since that time all nations and all peoples have had their flags and emblems, though the ancient superstitution regarding their divine merits and supernatural powers has disappeared from among civilized peoples. The Flag now, the world over, possesses the same meaning and has uniform significance to all nations wherever found. It stands as the symbol of strength and unity, representing the national spirit and patriotism of the people over whom it floats. In both lord and subject, the ruler and the ruled, it commands respect, inspires patriotism, and instills loyalty both in peace and in war.

In this country we have a national flag which stands as the emblem of our strength and unity as a nation, a living representation of our national spirit and honor. In addition to our national flag, each of the States in the Union has a “State Flag” symbolic of its own individuality and domestic ideals, which is expressive of some particular trait, or commemorative of some historical event, of the people over whom it floats. The flag of most States however, consists of the coat-of-arms of that State upon a suitably colored field.

It is said that the first State Flag of North Carolina was built on this model, but so far as we can learn from the records the first legislation on this subject establishing and recognizing a State Flag was in the year 1861. The Constitutional Convention of 1861 which passed the ordinance of Secession, adopted what it termed a State Flag, on May 30, 1861, the day the secession resolution was adopted. The State Flag adopted in 1861 is said to have been issued to






North Carolina regiments of State Troops during the summer of that year and was borne by them throughout the war, being the only flag, except the National and Confederate Colors, used by the North Carolina troops during the War Between the States. This flag existed until 1885 when the Legislature adopted a new model.

Perhaps it may be of interest to make a passing reference to the significance of the dates found on each flag.

The First Date, “May 20th, 1775” refers to the Mecklenburg Declaration of Independence, “the authenticity of which we shall not here stop either to doubt or defend.”

The second date appearing on the State Flag of 1861 is that of May 20th, 1861. This date commemorated the secession of the State from the Union, but as the cause of secession was defeated this date no longer represented anything after the Civil War. So when a new flag was adopted in 1885, this date was removed and another “April 12th, 1776” took its place. This day commemorates the adoption of the Halifax Resolve, a document that places the Old North State in the very front rank, both in point of time and in spirit, among those that demanded unconditional freedom and absolute independence from any foreign power. This document stands out as one of the great landmarks in the annals of North Carolina history.

Since 1885 there has been no change in our State Flag. For the most part it has remained unknown and a stranger to the good people of our State. However, as we become more intelligent, and, therefore, more patriotic and public-spirited, the emblem of the old North State will assume a station of greater prominence among our people. One hopeful sign of this increased interest was the act passed by the Legislature of 1907 requiring the State Flag to be floated from all State institutions, public buildings and court houses. In addition to this, many public and private schools, fraternal orders and other organizations now float the State Flag.

THE FIRST WORLD WAR
Veterans

THE entry of the United States into the Great World War on behalf of an apparently crumbling civilization, was under the incomparable leadership of the greatest political genius of modern times, President Woodrow Wilson (a Southerner). This event found the most high-spirited sons of Pender County eager, as always, for service to their country. Pender's support of the Government during this trying period was loyal, sincere and self-sacrificing.

A partial list of the boys of Pender County who were enrolled and saw service:

Abbott, JohnBland, JosephDillard, C. R.
Adams, JohnBlanton, W. H.Dorgan, J. H.
Alderman, StaceyBordeaux, AnthonyDurham, Charlie
Andrews, L. L.Bowen, DanaEbert, Fritz
Anderson, ArthurBowen, J. J.Edens, Sherman
Armstrong, DerryBrown, ArthurFaison, William
Avery, L. S.Brown, A. B.Farrior, W. H.
Bailey, C. L.Bradshaw, RoyFennell, James
Bannerman, CharlieBrunson, H. J.Fennell, Herbert
Bannerman, ChaunceyBurton, JoeFisher, Cephus Paul
Bannerman, AlexBuxton, ClaudeFutch, Dewey
Bannerman, A. J.Carr, DamascoFutch, John
Bargo, JohnCarr, JacobGarriss, R. R.
Barnhill, J. A.Carr, J. C.Garrison, Alex
Barnhill, R. E.Casteen, Luther R.Giddens, Marion
Batson, RolandChadwick, W. M.Grady, Willie
Batts, DempsCorbett, G. R.Graham, Walter
Bell, C. E.Costin, JessieGurganious, Bryant
Bell, H. P. Sr.Cowan, Edward
Bell, L. M.Crews, QuinceyHall, Clement
Bland, BenjaminCroom, D. L.Hanchey, Jack
Bland, JeffDavis, John B.Harper, J. B.






Hardison, E. F.Lee, GeorgePierce, Bailey
Hardison, L. V.Lewis, ButchPigford, Austin
Hardison, R. V.Lewis, D. M.Pigford, K. D.
Hardison, MatthewLewis, WilliePigford, Sam
Hayes, James B.Loucks, J. J.Piner, Carl
Henry, CarlPiner, Jim
Henry, FredMalpass, ElishaPridgen, W. C.
Henry, R. H.Malpass, M. P.Powell, J. W.
Henry, R. R.Marshburn, George E.Powers, Walter F.
Herring, AlbertMason, John
Herring, AugustaMeeks, MillerRaynor, I. E.
Herring McKinleyMerritt, CasperRichards, E. L.
Highsmith, EmmettMerritt, FentressRivenbark, E. L.
Hickson, J. L.Messick, IveyRivenbark, J. A.
Hines, JosephMcLendon, A. A.Rivenbark, Richard
Hodges, A. A.McLendon, RobertRivenbark, S. C.
Holmes, CharlieMcMillan, J. H.Rivenbark, Stewart
Holmes, LacyMiller, J. R.Roberson, Arthur
Holt, J. B.Miller, NormanRoberson, Charlie
Howard, AmosMiller, RogerRoberson, Wallace
Howard, C. T.Miller, Wannit
Howard, JamesMobley, C. D.Sanderson, Willie
Humphrey, DanMoore, Neal G.Shaw, Dr. Colin
Moore, R. M.Sidbury, E. N.
Jacobs, JosephMoore, WalterSidbury, D. F.
Johnson, Albert SidneyMoore, W. H.Sidbury, Frank
Johnson, ArnoldMoody, JohnSidbury, Hallie
Johnson, Charles M.Morgan, S. J.Sidbury, L. C.
Johnson, ChestnutMorris, AlbertSidbury, Morton
Johnson, John G.Morris, BlaineSidbury, Roderick
Johnson, L. N.Mott, BradleySidbury, T. A.
Johnson, Robert GradyMurray, D. J.Sparkman, P. C.
Johnson, StanleyMurray, J. A.Sumner, Sam
Jones, ArchieMurray, James T.
Jones, DockMurray, Neal B.Tate, Jessie
Jones, QuinceyTate, Ranson
Newton, J. T.Thigpen, R. W.
Kea, D. W.Newton, Pearly
Keith, LivingstonNewkirk, M. E.Vernon, J. E.
Keith, W. B.Newkirk, W. H.Watkins, A. J.
Kelley, A. E.Nixon, HerbertWells, John Thomas
Kenan, HenryWoodcock, O. S.
King, A. S.Page, Albert H.Woodcock, R. W.
King, E. C.Page, EdgarWorlds, Jim
Padgett, J. W.Wooten, Calvin
Lane, C. S.Padgett, O. R.Williams, Alonzo
Lane, SidneyPaddison, GordonWilliams, Henry
Larkins, JohnPeterson, A. C.Williams, R. H.
Lee, FitzhughPeterson, CarneyWilliams, Tom
Lee, G. O.Peterson, Joe S.Wright, A. W.

WORLD WAR II VETERANS
White and Negro Pender County Local Board No. 1

PENDER COUNTY LOCAL BOARD No. 1 was organized on October 17th, 1940, with the following-named personnel: John T. Wells, Chairman, H. McN. Johnson, Secretary, George H. Highsmith, member. T. J. Betts was appointed Clerk to the Board at the initial meeting. These gentlemen have served continuously since the beginning of Selective Service. Miss Olga Fedoronko is the Assistant Clerk, a position which she had held since January 17th, 1945. L. H. Corbett, local attorney, has held the position of Appeal Agent for the past two years.

Drs. W. I. Taylor, Sr., and N. C. Wolfe have been examining physicians for the Board since its inception. Dr. H. W. Stevens has been a member of the examining team for two years. With the exception of the Clerk and the Assistant Clerk, all persons connected with the Board serve without compensation of any kind.

Approximately 1,200 Pender County citizens have entered the armed forces through the ministration of Selective Service.






In Memoriam

Sacred to the memory of our Pender County Boys who fought and died in World War No. 2: That those who survive might continue to live in a land of Liberty and Love. Where Democracy and Christianity reigns and human beings are symbols of God's Own Image.

Lest we forget the roofs that give us shelter, the threshold that gives us welcome have been paid for with the lives of these boys who will never again know the warmth and tenderness of Home. We should not boast of victory, but remember its cost in tears; not in money but in heart-aches and in death denied the solace of American Soil.

JACKSON T. ATKINSONJAMES LANE
JAMES BARNHILLS. J. LANGSTON
JAMES BORDEAUXMARION MALPASS
JACK BOSTROMJAMES T. MARSHBURN
CLARENCE BURGERONWALLACE L. RICHARDS
STUART COSTINGEORGE HENRY WOOTEN
LINWOOD CORBETTWILLIAM JOE PIERCE
LEE ROY COTTLEJOHN M. SIDBURY
DEE CRUMPLERMASCO LEE RIVENBARK
FLOYD EARL DALETHOMAS W. WILSON
FRED DEESKENNETH A. BLANTON
JULIAN FARRIORMATHEW HERBERT COSTON, JR.
DENNIS GARRISSELMON BARNHILL
SOLON GIDDENSDAVID WHITFIELD HOWARD
ALBERT L. IVES

Missing in Action

HENRY L. MURPHY

J. B. HAMILTON

Negroes

BOBBIE LEE DUNN

JAMES A. MORRIS

—?— MALLOY

World War II Veterans of Pender County

When the United States entered the Second World War every State in the Union was called upon to produce its quota of man power for services in some form of defense. Pender County has not only enlisted around 2,000 who are in camps and many in foreign fields, but both men and women from every section of the County and from every walk of life are employed in different kinds of defense work. In the different factories, in shipyards in camps and in Red Cross work on the home fronts.

Camp Davis, one of the largest camps in the South is partly located in Pender County bordering the Atlantic Coast, while maneuvers have been carried on all over the County for many months.

The following names are those of Pender County's young men who belong to some branch of the Army and have seen service for their country.

WHITE MEN
Alberti, Herman G.Bailey, Charles V.Batson, James Franklin
Alcock, Ernest E.Bakan, JohnnieBatson, John Thomas
Amster, JackBanadaga, Albert A.Batson, Lester G.
Anderson, AlbertBannerman, James E.Batson, Robert J. Jr.
Anderson, Clyde JulianBannerman, John T.Batson, Talmadge E.
Anderson, Coy WillardBannerman, ThurmondBatts, Edward S.
Anderson, HubertBarnhill, Allie J.Batts, Eugene
Anderson, James H. Jr.Barnhill, ElmonBatts, Everette L.
Anderson, John W. Jr.Barnhill, James EarlBatts, Clifton
Anderson, William H.Barnhill, John R.Batts, James H.
Andrews, Louis R.Barnhill, Lester T.Batts, John Frank
Andrews, Morris HenryBarnhill, RayBatts, Naemon B.
Atkinson, Jackson P.Barnhill, Robert H.Batts, Robert J.
Atkinson, Melvin R.Barnhill, Roy J.Batts, Rufus B.
Atkinson, Norman C.Barnhill, S. L.Batts, Waymoth Newmon
Atkinson, Robert HenryBarnhill, Willie J.Batts, Woody L.
Autry, ElmerBatchelor, Kenneth C.Baker, Charles Woodrow
Autry, James P.Batson, Arthur CarrBaker, Clarence Sloan
Autry, William MartinBatson, Edgar T. Jr.Bakan, Alex
Armstrong, John R.Batson, Ellis SherwoodBaucum, Delmo L.
Armstrong, Richard H.Batson, James E.Baxley, Foy






Baxley, HowardBrock, Earl PrestonCorbett, Clarence Duvall
Baysden, Claudy A.Brothers, William E.Corbett, Haywood N.
Baysden, Glen N.Brown, Frank E.Corbett, Linwood A.
Beam, Woodrow SamuelBrown, Jimmie J.Corbett, Norris Clifton
Beasley, George WilliamBrown, John T. Jr.Corbett, Raymond Y. Jr.
Beasley, Luther.Brown, Raeford EugeneCostin, Aubrey S. Jr.
Bell, Cecil R.Brown, Roy N.Costner, Samuel Paul
Bell, Herbert P. Jr.Brown, Valry James Jr.Coston, Matthew H. Jr.
Bellamy, Henry G.Bullock, Beverly B. Jr.Coston, Wilbur Thomas
Biggs, Samuel DaavisBuckner, Melvin E.Cottle, Johnnie James
Blackburn, Roland C.Burnett, Gilbert HenryCourtney, Edward L.
Blake, Bruce BowlingBurns, John D.Courtney, Isaac
Blake, James EdwinCourtney, Marion Cecil
Blake, Lewis V.Caison, Ernest EtheridgeCovil, Venton Smith
Blake, RobertCarlton, Carson B.Cowan, Oliver A.
Blake, Stephen G. Jr.Carmichael, Duncan A. Jr.Cowan, Oliver Allen
Blake, Wesley McClureCarmichael, Julian R.Cowan, Robert
Blake, William F.Carrell, Waldo S.Cowan, William N.
Blanton, James C.Carroll, Pearly J.Cox, James H.
Blanton, James LucienCarter, William HenryCroom, Asa Love
Blanton, Jessie E.Casey, Calvin WayneCroom, Elmo
Blanton, John C.Casey, JephthahCroom, Graham
Blanton, John D.Casey, Samuel WirtCroom, Harry
Blanton, MonroeCasteen, AdenCroom, Marion F.
Bloodworth, James C.Casteen, Edgar JamesCroom, Ralph Taylor
Bloodworth, James M.Casteen, James U.Croom, William H.
Bloodworth, Jessie W.Cavanaugh, FeltonCroom, William P.
Bloodworth, Marion LeeChadwick, BurtonCroom, Woodrow S.
Bobley, Willis C.Chadwick, Edgar J.Crumpler, Jasper H.
Bond, Council ClintonChadwick, Henry James
Boney, Benjamin C. Jr.Chadwick, Joe C.Dale, Floyd W.
Bonham, PrestonChadwick, King AlbertDale, Hallie F.
Bordeaux, James H.Chadwick, Norwood L.Dale, Robert H.
Bordeaux, Joseph C.Chadwick, Perry RoyDavis, Aaron Heide Jr.
Boruch, Nestor JohnChesson, RobertDavis, Clifton Jr.
Bostic, James H.Clark, CharlesDay, Richard A.
Bowden, Arthur RayClark, EugeneDeal, Eddie C.
Bowen, Billy BertClark, James GarlandDeal, James H.
Bowen, Frank B.Clark, Larry P.Dees, Fred
Bowen, Frank IveyClark, Major RileyDickens, Jesse Draper Jr.
Bowen Marion WilliamClark, Merle BellDickens, Morris L.
Bowen, Raeford P.Clark, O. T.Dickens, William
Boyd, James.Clark, William P.Drew, Graham W.
Boyd, Joseph A. Jr.Clay, Thomas JudsonDuBose, Lewis T.
Bradshaw, Linwood C.Cobb, David T.Duling, Charles W.
Bradshaw, Thomas G.Cobb, John T.Duncan, Henry E.
Bradshaw, Thomas LeR.Coleman, Cecil C.Dupalevich, Alexander
Brinkley, James E.Collins, Edward W.Durham, David B.
Brinkley, Norward F.Collins, James EdwardDyson, Harold Eugene
Brinn, Kellie C.Corbett, Bayard Zebulon
Brinson, Isaac JuniorCorbett, Boyd C.Eakins, Carey Preston

Eakins, Philip GardnerGarriss, Michael C.Hardison, John Clarence
Eakins, William R.Garriss, William H.Hardison, Joshua I.
Eaton, JackGeorge, Lucius Robert Jr.Hardison, Robert W.
Edens, Leonard D.George, William E. Jr.Harrell, Alton C.
Edens, Wilmer L.Giddens, Albert O.Harrell, Alvin Douglas
Edens, William GradyGiddeons, John HenryHarrell, Chauncey A.
Edward, Paul F.Giddeons, Solon HenryHarrell, Carlton S.
Elliott, ClarenceGiddeons, William A.Harrell, B. F. Jr.
Elston, George AlbertGilbert, Ray StanleyHarrell, David V.
English, Charles LathamGlisson, Leon L.Harrell, Earl D.
English, Edward L. Jr.Gomery JohnHarrell, Hubert Roache
Evanovich, SteveGraham, LonnieHarrell, Joseph W.
Everette, Vernie R.Gray, Andrew RayHarrell LeRoy
Ezzell, EarlGray, Asa WinfieldHarrell, Willis B.
Ezzell, Roscoe M.Gray, Charlie GradyHarrell, William N.
Ezzell, Theodore R.Gray, George W. Jr.Harrelson, Delvin E.
Gray, Leady E.Harts, William Franklin
Farrior, Alan RiversGreen, Charles B.Hawkins, James Connor
Farrior, Edward H.Green, Keith B.Hayes, James W.
Farrior, Edward M.Griffin, Shepard P.Hayes, Simon Green
Farrior, Harry S.Gurganious, Clem E. Jr.Heath, Roy T.
Farrior, Walter P. Jr.Gurganious, Carl L.Helms, Robert G.
Fedoronko, JerryGurganious, Elmer C.Henderson, Adrian Earl
Ferrell, James EdwardGurganious, George N.Henderson, Lawrence H.
Ferrell, William GrahamGurganius, Jessie M.Henderson, Lewis B. Jr.
Fisher, Percy W.Gurganious, John HarryHenry, Arthur Thomas
Fisher, Robert A.Gurganious, Joseph T.Henry, Kenneth E.
Fisler, Harry TuftGurganious, MarcellusHenry, William E.
Flynn, Bennie LeeGurganious, Pender L.Herring, Nathan B.
Foy, BennieGurganious, Percy E.Higgins, Colon H.
Foy, Claude ThurmanGurganious, Raleigh E.Higgins, Jessie D.
Foy, Douglas L.Gurganious, TroyHighsmith, Charles W.
Foy, R. L. Jr.Gurganious, Turnie E.Highsmith, Charles C.
Foy, Wilbur NorwoodGurganious, William E.Highsmith, Earnest L.
Frazier, John G.Gurganus, Clarence E.Highsmith, George H. Jr.
Fussell, Berry M. Jr.Gurganus, Ralph IsmayHighsmith, Hugh B.
Futch, Dewey EdwinGyetvai, BillHighsmith, James H.
Futch, Edward A.Gymtruck, GeorgeHighsmith, Lewis A.
Futch, Lawrence W.Hilburn, Cyrus L.
Futch, LeviHall, ElwoodHilburn, David Jasper
Futch, Walter B.Hall, Lawrence ElbertHilburn, Julius N.
Futch, William A.Hall, William H.Hilliard, Jesse W. Jr.
Futreal, StedmanHall, WadeHogue, Robert F.
Hamilton, Harry MarshHolley, Errick W.
Garner, Eli H.Hamilton, James B. Jr.Hollingsworth, W. E.
Garner, James B.Hanchey, Bernice AlvinHolt, Edward L.
Garriss, Cameron M.Hanchey, HowardHoover, George N.
Garriss, Dennie W.Hanchey, Nathan F. Jr.Horne, John V.
Garris, Jason E.Hanchey, Robert P.Horne, L. W. Jr.
Garriss, Kenneth CliftonHanchey, Walter BryantHorrell, Harvey H.
Garriss, Leon L.Hansley, Clifton B.Horrell, Mack Roland






Horrell, Roy BarefootJordan, Paul GrahamLewis, Raymond W.
Horvath, CharlesJustice, Carl WilsonLucas, Philip E.
Howard, CliftonJustice, Charles E.
Howard, Durwood B. Jr.Justice, GrayMcCullen, Claude Elmer
Howard, David W.Justice, James B.McDowell, William L.
Howard, ElwoodMcDuffie, Daniel H. Jr.
Howard, John M.Keith, Charles P. Jr.McGlohen, Joseph
Howard, KyeKeith, Edgar BarnesMcKoy, James R.
Howard, Richard JamesKelly, Troy WilliamMcKoy, Roy E.
Howard, Roland B.Kelly, William H. Jr.McLendon, Arthur H.
Howard, William A.Kendall, Keith B.McLendon, George L.
Howard, William J.Kennedy, Kenneth H.McMillan, James T.
Hudson, Edward W.Ketchum, Henry McNealMalpass, Bernice Austin
Hudson, Ervin F.Kibbey, Oscar H.Malpass, David
Hufham, John DeweyKing, Norman L.Malpass, Harris Earl
Hughes, Robert M.King, Robert BruceMalpass, James B.
Hulak, Samuel M.Knowles, Ray F.Malpass, Jeremiah B.
Hulak, Walter MikeKornegay, Reed G.Malpass, Leland
Humbles, Edward E.Kraynick, JohnMalpass, Marion L.
Humphrey, Milton J.Kraynick, PaulMalpass, William Parker
Krochmalny, RaymondMalpass, Wistus McKoy
Ives, Albert L. Jr.Krochmalny, WalterMarshall, Huey Haley
Ives, Charles FilmoreMarshall, Milvin
Ives, GlenwoodLane, James K.Marshburn, Walter J.
Lane, Norwood RichardMatthews, Arthur James
Jackson, David F.Lane, Sidney M.Matthews, William H.
Jackson, Robert W.Langston, Earnest A.Maulin, James Bryan Jr.
Jackson, StonewallLangston, Gerald R.Meadows, Frederick Bell
James, Howard OrmsbyLangston, Samuel JamesMeadows, Jobie Ike
James, Joshua StuartLangston, Warren B.Melvin, Edwin Alonza
Johnson, GeorgeLanier, Benjamin L. Jr.Melvin, Miles W.
Johnson, Henry QuincyLanier, MurrayMiller, Floyd W.
Johnson, James W.Lanier, Robert S.Miller, Lloyd Miller
Johnson, James WilliamLanier, Vernon RayMiller, Norman A. Jr.
Johnson, Joseph BasilLarkins, Aaron FrankMillis, Robert M.
Johnson, Lee FletcherLaviska, Michael Jr.Mitchell, William Floyd
Johnson, Rex MalcolmLea, Gilbert C.Mizell, Frederick D.
Johnson, Troy T.Lee, CliffordMizerak, Basil
Jones, Asa Thomas Jr.Lee, GeorgeMizerak, Frank
Jones, CarrollLee, Joseph Hampton Jr.Mizerak, John
Jones, Decatur Jr.Lee, WilberMizerak, Peter
Jones, Gordon H.Lefler, Hurbert F.Monroe, John Gibson
Jones, Henry Davis Jr.Lennon, Laurie W.Morgan, Edward J.
Jones, HoraceLewis, Alfred B.Morgan, William Victor
Jones, Leadie J.Lewis, Calvin EveretteMorris, Bruce A.
Jones, LelandLewis, David L.Morris, Harry W. Jr.
Jones, Miles LevonLewis, Guido MayardMorris, Joe
Jones, Paul H.Lewis, Jack LarryMoore, Carl H.
Jones, Thomas A.Lewis, James H.Moore, Clyde J.
Jones, Wilbur MarshallLewis, Leon R.Moore, Edward Earl
Jordan, Delba T.Lewis, Mott R.Moore, G. C.

Moore, GibbsPadgett, Ponce DeLeonRains, Lester D.
Moore, Grover C.Padgett, Robert T.Raynor, Leon T.
Moore, JackPadgett, Willie HallRaynor, Robert J.
Moore, James C. Jr.Page, James W.Redrick, Harry J.
Moore, James EdwardPainter, James CliffordRegister, Archie B.
Moore, James H.Pajkowskee, Benjamin Jr.Register, James T.
Moore, Jesse TaylorPaluck, Andrew HenryRegister, Walter Jr.
Moore, Lewis M.Paluck, SteveRegister, William Bruce
Moore, Maurice EdwinParish, James E.Register, William P. Jr.
Moore, Robert M. Jr.Parish, Martin H.Renfrow, Benjamin E.
Moore, Tylan VanceParker, Bernard E.Richards, Wallace Leon
Moore, William G.Parrish, William LewisRitchie, Robert L.
Murphy, Ashley M.Paul, Beverly A.Ritchie, Shellie F.
Murphy, Henry L.Pearsall, David W.Rivenbark, Arthur D.
Murphy, John H.Pearsall, John S.Rivenbark, Charles H.
Murphy, Robert F.Peay, George W.Rivenbark, Colton H.
Murray, Albert M.Peay, John T.Rivenbark, Cornelius
Murray, AsaPeters, EdwardRivenbark, Edward Carl
Murray, Gordon B.Peterson, Elliott R.Rivenbark, Everette
Murray, James EverettePeterson, Thomas B.Rivenbark, George M.
Murray, John W.Pickett, John D.Rivenbark, H. L. Jr.
Murray, John Pearlie Jr.Pickett, John RobertRivenbark, Harvey
Murray, KennethPierce, William E.Rivenbark Henry O.
Murray, Lawrence E.Pierce, William JoeRivenbark, Ivey Lester
Murray, Reuben TaylorPierce, Walter MackRivenbark, Jacob B. Jr.
Myers, Earl W.Pigford, Kenneth D. Jr.Rivenbark, Johnnie C.
Piner, Allen VernieRivenbark, Leon S.
Nakoneczny, Mike W.Piner, CliftonRivenbark, Marvin A.
Naumuk, Wasyl Jr.Piner, Herman BobRivenbark, Masco Lee
Newkirk, Benjamin A.Piner, Joseph AlfredRivenbark, Robert L.
Newland, Jerry F.Piner, J. D.Rivenbark, Roland
Newton, Edward F.Piner, Luke J.Rivenbark, Roland L.
Newton, James SiveyPiner, William EdwardRivenbark, Roland P.
Newton, Roscoe F.Pittman, English AlfredRivenbark, Roscoe
Newton, William ElbertPittman, Judson WilsonRivenbark, Teal A. Jr.
Noble, Matthew M.Player, William T.Rivenbark, Troy W.
Noble, WilliamPope, JohnRivenbark, Tyson C.
Norris, Crosby E.Pope, RackleyRivenbark, Woodrow J.
Norris, JessePope, Walter Jr.Robbins, Thomas J.
Nunalee, Clarence L.Porter, Earl ClevelandRobbins, William D.
Nunalee, James LeonPorter, John EdwinRochelle, Dewey
Powell, Lloyd H.Rochelle, James Boney
Oliver, Sidney W.Prease, Daniel J. Jr.Rodney, Ernest A.
Orr, Robert Herman Jr.Prevatte, Charles C.Rogers, James Benjamin
Overstreet, Alfred P.Pridgen, Albert H. Jr.Rooke, Cyrus Holmes
Pridgen, Harry W.Rooks, Lloyd Daniel
Padgett, BernicePridgen, John OwenRooks, Melza Allison
Padgett, Earl ThomasPridgen, LeonRooks, Sanford M. C.
Padgett, Joseph M.Rowe, David B.
Padgett, JuniousRackley, Ashie EdwardRoyall, John B.
Padgett, LeRoyRackley, Lewis H.Ruddell, Aubert L.






Ruddell, Harry LeeSpencer, Joseph H.Walker, Robert Manley
Ruddell, James P.Spencer, Joseph M.Walker, Ralph R.
Russ, Hosea W.Spencer, RossWalker, Ronnie C.
Russ, Washington O.Spencer, Warren GrayWalker, William E.
Russell, David LeonSpizak, John D.Walker, Willie J.
Russell, Ivey CharlesSpisak, John DavidWallace, Linwood L.
Squires, Hugh M.Wallace, Tommy
Sanderson, William H.Squires, James H.Walton, LeRoy
Saunders, Clarence W.Strickland, AlbertWalton, Milton R.
Saunders, Hilton JamesStrickland, Madison C.Ward, Adof
Saunders, Robert EdwinSullivan, Henry ArthurWard, J. B.
Saunders, Thomas P.Summer, Samuel S.Watkins, James Lee
Savage, Alva LaverneSwanson, William E.Watkins, Jasper
Savage, RudolphSwinson, James A.Webb, Charles R.
Scott, ArcadiaSykes, John T.Wells, Bailey V.
Scott, Arthur A.Wells, Baxter
Scott, Blondy E.Tallent, ClydeWells, Carl Croom
Scott, Grover R.Tatum, Elbert MarleyWells, Casper
Scott, Harold O.Tatum, Mandlin MartinWells, Delmar
Sellers, Lester J.Taylor, Clarence F.Wells, Earl
Sellers, Willie B.Taylor, Earl G.Wells, Horrace
Shepard, William PaulTaylor, ElwoodWells, James Theodore
Shingleton, David JamesTaylor, LeRoy GeraldWells, John Henry
Shingleton, Melvin H.Taylor, Oran J.Wells, Joseph Robert
Sholar, James A.Teachey, Graham A.Wells, Kenneth H.
Sholar, Vernon E.Thames, Homer C.Wells, Leonard W.
Simmons, CorneliusThames, Joseph M.Wells, Levi Sprunt
Simmons, John LewisTharp, Walter E.Wells, Miriam B.
Simpson, ByronThomas, Edwin C.Wells, Paul F.
Simpson, Carl L.Thomas, Herbert B.Wells, Samuel Carl
Simpson, Ceburn D.Thomas Wesley E.Wells, Willie
Simpson, Charles F.Thompson, John DanielWest, Eugene
Simpson, Darwin K.Thompson, Lewis J.West, James Thomas
Simpson, James MurphyTilley, Haywood L. Jr.West, Kenneth
Simpson, Julian FelixTucker, Linwood B.Westbrook, James
Simpson, Julius S.Turner, ThurmanWhaley, Harvey Lee
Simpson, Richard H.Whaley, Vernon
Simpson, Wistar F. Jr.Veach, Frank J.Whaley, William
Skinner, Sterling W.Veach, Lloyd DixonWheeler, Major E.
Skipper, Alton D.Vernon, Zeb V.White, Ernest King
Smith, Charles E.Williams, Artemus R.
Smith, ColumbusWadsworth, Malcolm R.Williams, Carl R.
Smith, Dennis G.Wagstaff, Milton W.Williams, David Clark
Smith, FrankWalker, Alton L.Williams, Harry W.
Smith, Howard B.Walker, Elbert HoustonWilliams, James A.
Smith, Paul JonesWalker, George Jr.Williams, James C.
Smith, Thomas A. Jr.Walker, Herman P.Williams, Patrick E.
Southerland, James F.Walker, Hinton C.Williams, Pender
Sparkman, CarlysleWalker, Jesse WrightWilliams, Rupert D.
Sparkman, Preston L.Walker, Leon E.Williamson, Burnice F.
Spencer, John R.Walker, Livingston W.Willoughby, James H.

Wilson, Boney E. Jr.Woodcock, Wesley SteveWorrell, Martin Luther
Wilson, Thomas W.Woodcock, William L.Worrell, Robert Henry
Winders, Ben G.Wooten, George HenryWorrell, William C.
Winders, GeorgeWooten, James B.Wright, James Wilbur
Wood, Cleveland W.Wooten, Leamon B.Wright, William James
Wood, William L.Wooten, Percy M.Wroton, Sidney E.
Woodcock, D. J. Jr.Wooten, Walter Steven
Woodcock, Edward EarlWorrell, GrahamYoung, Aaron D.
Woodcock, Empie C.Worrell, James Edward
Woodcock, Herman R.Worrell, Joseph EugeneZuravio, Wasyl
Woodcock, James E.Worrell, Leon Murray

YOUNG WOMEN IN SERVICE

Brice, MarieFarrior, RachelPrevatte, Muriel Keith
Casey, Martha B.Harrell, EdithRussell, Rachel
Davis, Eva KathleenHarrell, EleanorSmith, Harriett T.
DeBaylo, AnneHumphrey, MargaretSpizak, Mary
Dickens, DorisJordan, EvelynWilkins, Sallie
Parish, Florence

Our Negro Friends

Many years prior to the War Between the States, most of the early inhabitants of this section were planters and owners of considerable acreage and had large plantations, farming being the principal industry. For this reason many of the old residents owned slaves and through this channel, we find many of the older Negro residents carry the names of the families with whom they lived and had their start in life.

“Right here I want to say, that the word Slave, has been the source of many discussions and in many ways not complimentary to the South, while the majority of Southerners who owned them, were kind and tolerant and have always been and will continue to be their friends.”

It is said that a member of one of the prominent old families of Pender, which was New Hanover at that time, attended a sale of slaves at a nearby slave market. During the sale this gentleman, who was interested in watching the sale of slaves, was approached by an attractive Negro girl who begged him with tears in her eyes, to buy the two of






them, she and the young man who had been brought down from Virginia to be sold. The gentleman bought the couple and took them to his plantation near Long Creek Village, then Lillington. They proved to be efficient help. The man became the valet of the old gentleman who bought him and traveled with him on all trips for his health as well as business engagements. The girl, known as Katie, became the maid and lived in that same home for many years and finally married one of the Negro men of this plantation. Her daughter Kate became the wife of Wesley Jones who was born during slavery in 1860.

Wesley Jones was a man of good character and it is said that through his eagerness for an education, worked turpentine, made tar and also farmed, to aid him in his education. He attended school in Lumberton after which he became one of the first teachers of the Burgaw Negro School. Wesley Jones and his wife Kate were Christians and a very dependable couple, coming from Long Creek Village where they were reared, to Burgaw, where they made their home for many years, acquiring considerable property which is now owned by their adopted son, Jake Hickson, whom they reared and educated at Shaw University. Jake is a barber by trade, is very dependable and most courteous and a good business man. He has a nice family who have all had college educations. He is a veteran of the First World War, having seen service in France for thirteen months.

Going back to the early years of the County, when Burgaw was only a flag station and when the trains took on a supply of wood and water here, lived the Citter McMillan family in an old shack opposite the tank that he helped to look after, and that stood on the lot where the family of R. T. Murray now lives.

The family of Jim and Jane Smith were an unusual family for those days, most of the family receiving a good education. Their son, Claude Smith, a most respectable citizen of Burgaw, has educated every member of his family, giving

them all college educations. Some member of this family has taught in the Negro High School here for years and other members hold good positions.

We also have the Walker family, of whom Uncle Billie, as he was generally known, was a general favorite and one whom everyone depended on around the homes to do the little odd jobs necessary to home life. His son Roscoe is a minister of the Gospel, having received his education at the University of New York, Columbia University and Moody Bible Institute, Chicago. His sister Lillie has been, and still is, an efficient school teacher in the County schools for many years.

William Moore's family, of whom Mildred is a music teacher, teaching in the Burgaw Negro High School for years. Mildred married Richmond Carr, a Professor of Burgaw School and who was assistant to Prof. Pope for several years. Richmond volunteered for the army and has become a First Lieutenant. William says he was born during slavery and belonged to the family of John J. Moore, where he gets the name of Moore. He says that his mother was sold on three different occasions, finally becoming the property of Mr. Moore.

We have in Burgaw and Pender County generally an outstanding set of Negroes, families all over the County too numerous to mention, who are interested in making good and who are progressing with the times, making something of themselves, endeavoring to get an education that will prove a future benefit.

Many have moved into the County from other sections and among them, John and Hennie Moody coming here from Whiteville in their earlier years. Hennie has proven herself to be a capable parent, rearing and educating her five children, three of whom are girls now holding good pobs in New York in summer and teaching in Pender in winter.

Others who have moved into the County are making good citizens and we seldom find a more capable citizen than






Professor Anderson of the Rocky Point Negro School, whose ability and intellect is far above the average. What he has accomplished in that section and for his people generally speaks for itself.

The Negro race has had its part to play and its places to fill in the building up of the County. Generally speaking both races have lived most amicably in Pender, coöperating wherever needed and have lived in peace and harmony.

We, who have employed them, and who have kind friends among them, feel and know that the South would not be the South without our Negro friends.

NEGRO MEN IN WORLD WAR II
Adams, Willie P.Batts, ClarenceCanady, Chancey
Alderman, Herbert JamesBatts, Edward D.Canady, James A.
Alderman, Paul S.Batts, Joseph C.Carpenter, Fred D.
Anderson, LawrenceBatts, JamesCarr, Alvin
Anderson, Roy PinaudBatts, HenryCarr, Clarence
Andrews, Quinly L.Batts, Jentle B.Carr, Frank B.
Annis, MackBatts, Willie McIverCarr, Henry
Armstrong, JamesBeatty, CharlesCarr, John
Armstrong, HoraceBeatty, John R.Carr, Lewis Henry
Armstrong, Issiac RayBell, JosephCarr, Richmond Pearson
Armstrong, Simeon S.Bellamy, Prince W.Carr, Tummer F.
Arstrong, DavidBlack, DavidCarroll, James A.
Ashford, Lonnie Jr.Bland, AllieCarroll, Robert E.
Bland, TheodoreCarroll, James O.
Bailey, Horace JamesBlue, AlexanderCephus, James
Bannerman, Arthur L.Boney, Patrick UsherChamber, Charlie
Bannerman, Graham J.Bordeaux, Lemuel J.Cheatham, Carlisle
Bannerman, George L.Bowden, Lynn Jr.Cherry, Robert
Bannerman, George T.Boykin, David Jr.Clayton, Nathaniel
Bannerman, Henry M.Bradley, John Jr.Colvin, Eugene
Bannerman, James C.Bradley, LorenzeColvin, Charles H.
Bannerman, Lorenze G.Branch, James C.Colvin, Walter E.
Bannerman, McAfee O.Brewington, James T.Costin, Harvey James
Bannerman, Ralph N.Brewington, QuentonCostin, John H.
Bannerman, Roy L.Brown, AllenCoston, Thomas Earl
Bannerman, Sam A.Brown, ClaudiousCoston, Willard Filmore
Bannerman, WillieBrown, Fred Jr.Coston, William
Bannerman, Willie A.Brown, JamesCorbett, Calvin D.
Barden, Daniel J.Brown, OscarCorbett, Fred D.
Barnhill, CarlBrown, Oscar J.Corbett, Jeff
Barnhill, Joseph W.Brown, WillieCorbett, Lomay L.
Basden, Carl HerbertBurge, Joseph MonroeCorbett, William G.

Corbett, William J.Fuller, HarleeHenry, Wisters
Cox, EddieFuller, JohnnieHerring, Bennie
Furlow, Herman LeeHerring, Douglas
Davis, Henry D.Herring, Edward
Davis, William A.Garrison, James R.Herring, Fred
DeVane, Arthur EdwardGibbs, Robert SpringfieldHerring, Harlee
DeVane, FreddieGodwin, Clyde LarkinsHerring, James T.
Dixon, Elisha (Eliahs)Gore, Eddie W.Herring, John W.
Dixon, GallowayGraham, Ernest H.Herring, Octavis
Dixon, JohnnieGraham, James C.Herring, Robert B.
Dunn, Bobbie LeeGraham, James L.Herring, Robert D.
Durant, Millage Jr.Graham, William H.Herring, Raymond O.
Durham, Clarence S.Gurganious, Adams McK.Herring, Roosevelt
Durham, RandolphGurganious, Edward S.Herring, William E.
Gurganious, Lorenzo H.Hicks, Clarence
Eakins, Edgar J.Gurganious, RichardHighsmith, Joseph
Eakins, CharlieHill, Clarence
Eakins, Garnan RufusHall, Elijah Jr.Holmes, George Matthews
Echols, John MelvinHall, Robert HenryHolmes, Leavy J.
Echols, MaxelHand, Daniel D.Holmes, LeRoy
Edmond, Clarence L.Hand, George H.Hooper, Claudie
Edmond, GeorgeHand, NealHosea, Bradley
Edmond, LutherHand, PenderHoward, George C.
Eggleston, EugeneHand, WillisHuggins, James H.
Eleby, Lee RoyHankins, Walter J.Hurst, Cornelius R.
Eleby, Moses T.Hanns, James E.
Ellis, EddieHansely, JosephIngraham, John J.
Hansley, Richmond
Faison, ArbelviaHansley, RobertJacobs, David Lucas
Farrior, Booker T. W.Hansley, Robert J.Jacobs, Eddie
Farrior, DavidHarding, Nathan Jr.Jacobs, Foster
Farrior, Elmon A.Harrison, Willis T.Jacobs, Ivey James
Farrior, John D.Hayes, Clyde EdwardJacobs, James D.
Farrior, Jesse N.Hayes, FrankJacobs, Joe Jr.
Farrior, Pearlie JosephHayes, George L.Jacobs, John C.
Farrior, William HenryHayes, Issiah HenryJacobs, Ned J.
Fennell, CurtisHayes, James ClordJacobs, Persell Day
Fennell, EdwardHayes, James H.Jackson, James C.
Fennell, Garliss Jr.Hayes, James T.Jackson, R. C. (I.O.)
Fennell, George E.Hayes, LeviJames, Dexter
Fennell, GradyHayes, QuinceyJames, Ephraim
Fennell, Henry S.Hayes, WilbertJames, General Lee
Fennell, James AshleyHayes, Willie R.James, Jerry
Fennell, JuniusHenry, GeorgeJames, Jesse S.
Fennell, Malichi M.Henry, George E.James, Mitchell Lee
Fillyaw, BillHenry, HowardJames, Vernon
Filyaw, Tm (Tim)Henry, LeRoyJohnson, Bunnion B.
Ford, Elijah Jr.Henry, OliviousJohnson, Fred Douglas
Ford, Russell NorrisHenry, Waddell A.Johnson, Hersfield
Ford, VernellHenry, WilbertJohnson, Jethro J.
Fuller, CivieHenry, Willie McRayJohnson, LeRoy






Johnson, RooseveltLewis, RufusMerritt, Wilbert
Johnson, RudolphLewis, WillieMerritt, Willie
Johnson, TommieLoftin, AdellMessick, Sevie
Jones, ClevelandLoftin, AlexanderMiddleton, Johnnye D.
Jones, Dames FloydLoftin, JosephMiller, Eddie
Jones, EmpieLoftin, MalachaiMiller, Norward L.
Jones, George C.London, Willie FloydMillis, Charles E.
Jones, HorsleyMills, James H.
Jones, KeathonMcAlister, Clyde LeeMobley, Granville
Jones, Oscar J.McAlister, E. J.Moody, John Jr.
Jones, Robert LeeMcAlister, James GradyMoore, Arthur J.
Jones, William H.McAlister, James MavisMoore, Charlie LeRoy
Jones, WillieMcAlister, John T.Moore, Eddie C.
Jordan, CharlieMcAlister, LeRoyMoore, George L.
Jordan, DavidMcClammy, FreddieMoore, George Russell
Jordan, FredMcClammy, JosephMoore, Godwin
Jordan, Hartsel LonnieMcClammy, MurrayMoore, John R.
Jordan, John GallowayMcClammy, ParmaleeMoore, John T.
Jordan, Ross E.McDuffie, BradfordMoore, Joseph L.
Jordan, SamuelMcDuffie, GrantMoore, Roosevelt
McGee, Robert E.Moore, Thomas
Kea, AvanceMcIntyre, George W.Moore, Wague
Kea, George E.McIntyre, LeslieMoore, William H.
Kea, James HenryMcIntyre, WardellMoore, William Henry
Kea, Moses N.McKoy, James T.Morgan, Blannie Jr.
Kea, WileyMcKoy, OrangeMorgan, James
Keaton, Isaac A.McKoy, SamuelMorgan, John Curtis
Keith, BrightMcKinzie, RobertMorgan, Ruben Junior
Keith, Henry L.McMillan, George FillemMorris, Eddie D.
Keith, Lee OliverMalloy, James H.Morris, James A.
Keith, William J.Malloy, JohnMosely, Thurman Milton
Knox, OfieldMalloy, JosephMott, Charlie W.
Malloy, HezekiahMurphy, Ezra
Lamb, Freddie D.Malloy, KirbyMurphy, King S.
Lamont, BoydMalloy, LawrenceMurphy, Samuel McCle
Lamont, John H.Malloy, William HenryMurphy, William J.
Lamont, Rawleigh C.Malloy, Willie J.Murray, James T.
Larkins, BennieManuel, George W.Murray, Johnnie
Larkins, BruceMarshall, Johnnie T.Murray, Lott
Lawton, Berkley GeorgeMarshall, Henry LeeMurray, Moses T.
Lawton, Norman W.Marshburn, Arthur LeeMurray, Robert Henry
Lee, IsaacMarshburn, Giles FoyMurray, Roosevelt
Lee, Robert Jr.Marshburn, John A.Muse, Charlie S.
Lewis, Andrew J.Marshburn, John E.
Lewis, Benjamin F.Matthews, James C.New, Pearlie James
Lewis, CornellMatthews, NapoleonNewkirk, Clarence
Lewis, Gilliam N.Matthews, Robert LeeNewkirk, Daniel
Lewis, James D.Mears, CharlieNewkirk, James Edward
Lewis, LeRoyMears, James D.Newkirk, James L.
Lewis, Pearlie MilbertMears, Willie CorneliusNewkirk, John L.
Lewis, Richard J.Mercy, William P.Newkirk, Jimmie L.

Newkirk, Jonah Z.Reaves, EltonSmith, Jesse Jr.
Newkirk, Lawrence H.Register, Billie ThurmanSmith, John F.
Newkirk, LeRoy V.Respus, Louis D.Smith, John H.
Newkirk, PercyRich, BubberSmith, Walter A.
Newkirk, Sammie E.Richardson, JosephSmith, Willis B.
Newkirk, VirgilRinger, Clarence C.Spencer, Belton Jr.
Newkirk, Walter BuckRispus, CharlesSteward, Guanzalo
Newkirk, William H.Robinson, John AlfredStringfield, Johnnie
Newton, Ellis GrayRobinson, RaymondStukes, Charlie
Newton, Luther Jr.Rogers, HarrySwinson, Albert W.
Normon, IrvinRogers, John G.Sykes, Promise L.
Nixon, Andrew J.Rolach, IsiahSykes, William R.
Nixon, David J.Rouse, Kernel W.
Nixon, HaywoodRowell, VanderTate, Charles H.
Nixon, HenryRoyal, George H.Tate, Theodore
Nixon, Herman J.Royal, RobertTaylor, John
Nixon, James R.Taylor, John W.
Nixon, John W.Sampson, Harvey J.Tayloe, Thomas T.
Nixon, McKinleySampson, John E.Thomas, Walter
Nixon, MatthewsSanders, AdrianThompson, Henry
Nixon, MorrisSanders, Bug DiamondTolbert, Johnnie
Nixon, NimrodShepard, EdgarTurner, James Valley
Nixon, RogerShepard, David W.
Nixon, RooseveltShepard, FloydWalker, Albert Jr.
Nixon, TelfairShepard, HarveyWalker, Cillie B.
Nixon, Walter J.Shepard, James H.Walker, Dock
Nixon, Willie BernardShepard, James W.Walker, Emmerson P.
Shepard, John JuniorWalker, Grover J.
Page, Jesse W.Shepard, VictorWalker, Henry E.
Page, Roy M.Shiver, Emprey J.Walker, James C.
Parker, CliftonSidbury, ChadnerWalker, James D.
Parker, EdwardSidbury, ClarenceWalker, Johnnie L.
Pearsall, Moses Jr.Sidbury, HildredWalker, Pearlie
Pearsall, SamuelSidbury, RolandWalker, Reginald D.
Phillips James H.Sidbury, ThomasWalker, Wesley Franklin
Pickett, BradfordSidbury, Willis J.Walker, Willie D.
Pickett, Horner L.Sidbury, Willie JamesWalker, Woodrow
Pickett, James H.Simmons, Opel ElmerWarren, James
Pickett, James PercySimmons, RobertWashington, Evander
Pickett, John HenrySimpson, AltonWatkins, Boston
Pickett, Oscar K.Simpson, DavidWatkins, Dock
Pickett, Willie H.Simpson, JamesWells, Jesse
Pigford, OscarSimpson, James F.West, James R.
Pigford, William W.Simpson, James L.West, Johnnie Williams
Pope, JamesWest, LeRoy
Powell, Joel T.Simpson, Joe W.West, Roosevelt
Powell, VanderSimpson, JosephWest, Vernell
Powers, John J.Simpson, LendwardWheeler, Herman
Powers, Thomas LeslieSmith, DeamsWhitley, Issiah
Pridgen, John T.Smith, George D.Williams, Andrew J.
Pridgen, Robert H.Smith, Jesse JamesWilliams, Charles N.






Williams, David N.Williams, John WesleyWilliams, Titus
Williams, DelmanWilliams, Johnnie AlbertWilliams, Willie Frank
Williams, ElijahWilliams, Joseph Jr.Williams, Clarence L.
Williams, EmersonWilliams, LeRoy R.Wilson, Lawrence W.
Williams, GillisWilliams, Leslie A.Wilson, Randolph
Williams, Hardy JamesWilliams, OscarWilson, Thomas O.
Williams, Herbert J.Williams, PaulWinley, Joseph J.
Williams, HomerWilliams, PenderWood, Raymond
Williams, IrvingWilliams, Robert D.Wright, Frank
Williams, James F.Williams, Robert E.Wright, Mathew

BLOODWORTH ANCESTRY
Robert N. Bloodworth

My Father, Robert N. Bloodworth, a grandson of the Honorable Timothy Bloodworth, whose family came to this country direct from Wales around 1720, was born in New Hanover County, the son of James Bloodworth. When about three days old his mother died and the two daughters of Hon. Timothy Bloodworth reared him, where he continued to live until their passing.

He was educated at Sprunt Institute, Kenansville under Mr. James Sprunt. As a reward for his ability and an honor student he was presented an autographed Bible by Mr. Sprunt. This Bible is still in readable condition.

He taught school in many sections of Pender County and was allied with the County politically as well as socially. He was a man of brilliant mind and highly informed, and was Deputy Clerk of Superior Court about twenty years.

He married Miss Matilda Loring Hand, his second cousin and daughter of William Jones Hand and Eleanor Hand of whom the author is the only heir.






Hon. Timothy Bloodworth

Timothy Bloodworth, Patriot and Democrat was one of the Pioneer Statesmen whose career has never been adequately preserved for posterity and to whom the Public Records have done but partial and very limited justice. Timothy Bloodworth was born in the year 1736 in Pender County, at that time a part of New Hanover County, the son of Major Thomas Bloodworth, a descendant of Welch ancestry and possessed those innate and inherent gifts and qualities of leadership which carried him to the heights, independent of the limitations of his immediate environments, for he had been furnished by nature with those qualities without which no man can succeed. Major Thomas Bloodworth represented New Hanover in the General Assembly of 1771 and when the Wilmington Committee of Safety was chosen and along with his son Timothy, they were chosen to coöperate with the Town Committee.

Timothy Bloodworth's talents were such that he was called into the public service when he was but twenty-two, becoming a member of the House of Commons of which he continued as a member continuously for thirty years, establishing a record for continuous legislative experience possessed by few Carolinians. For ten years he represented New Hanover County in the General Assembly, was Treasurer of the Wilmington District in 1781 to 1782, and Commissioner of Confiscated Property in 1783. It was during his long legislative service that he established his power and prestige on the field of the political life of the people. There was no more powerful or influential legislator of his day than he—for he was a moulder and shaper of public thought and of public opinion. He extended his public service from the State to the National life and that year found him an influential member of the Continental Congress, from which he resigned to oppose the ratification of the proposed United States Constitution. When our State

reluctantly entered the Federal Union, he was elected as a member to the first Congress. So large had his figure become in the political arena of the State that upon the second election for United States Senator in 1795 Timothy Bloodworth was one of those elected to high office.

He retired from office at the end of his term and immediately on the expiration of his senatorial service he was made Collector of Customs for the Port of Wilmington by his staunch friend and collaborator President Thomas Jefferson, which would assure him a competency for his old age.

Timothy Bloodworth was noted for his open-handed liberality, for when he rose to power and influence he remembered the hardships and struggles of his own youth and early life and so liberal was he in his largess that when he died in 1814 he left but small estate, though rounding out more than fifty-five years of continuous public service—a record possessed by but few men in the public annals of our State. He held views on political and economic questions which were so pronounced and so radical that they carried him to the very verge of eccentricity and he was a firm believer in that school of political thought of which Nathaniel Macon was our formost exponent and advocate.

When the Commission platted the infant Capital, they recognized the eminent services rendered by Bloodworth and gave his name to one of the principal streets, his name being perpetuated on account of the bitter and protracted struggle over the location of the permanent capital, Fayetteville and Raleigh the principal contenders. The issue was sharply drawn, great bitterness had been engendered and the vote was extremely close. When the final ballot was taken in 1792, Bloodworth was the most experienced and one of the most influential members of the Legislature and he placed both his vote and his great influence behind the location of the Capital in Wake County, which was the decisive influence which turned the tide in favor of Raleigh being the Capital.






The Bloodworth family, a Welch family whose ancestry reverts back to the time when Sir Thomas Bloodworth was Lord Mayor of London, during the reign of King Charles II and the reign of Queen Victoria, though those who came to America had no love for the English, for the very good reason that they represented the original peoples of the British Isles, whose ancestry Julius Cæsar fought in the Conquest of Gaul, their fatherland and, according to Caruther's History of North Carolina, they regarded themselves as the pure original Britons whom the mongrel Anglo-Saxon race had driven from their homes and despoiled their property.

TO MY FATHER AND MOTHER:
It is a great satisfaction to live for those who love you and those you loveFor those whose hearts you know, are true,For the Father who fondled you and the Mother who bore youMy Sainted Mother with her eyes of beautiful blue.Mother of Mine was all that a Mother could be,She taught me prayers and precepts at the bend of her knee;My Mother, the quintessence of refinement and sweetness,My adorable Mother, the embodyment of soulful completeness.My Father was a Pal, a Companion from early childhood,I followed him fishing and all through the wildwood,To me he was so wonderful, and to all so kindSo thoroughly unselfish and to my faults not blind.My sweetest recollections of association of Father, Mother and HOMEAre hallowed memories that have outshoneAll other memories, of present or pastWhich linger, and will linger on, to the very last.










Title
History of Pender County, North Carolina
Description
History of Pender County, North Carolina. Richmond : Dietz Printing Co., [c1947] 240 p. illus., ports. 24 cm.
Date
1947
Original Format
books
Extent
Local Identifier
F262.P37 B6 1947
Creator(s)
Subject(s)
Spatial
Location of Original
Joyner NC Stacks
Rights
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Permalink
https://digital.lib.ecu.edu/16915
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Comments

Torry Pender Mar 17 2023

is this book available for purchase? I am trying to see if my family is related!

JOAN E SARLES Feb 04 2023

researching family, wow, lots of info here. thx

Xiomara Leeson Dec 04 2022

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Mark Allan Seitz May 26 2022

This is a great way to reference these old publications that are not available for circulation.

Jeff L Thigpen May 02 2022

nice

Polly Hamilton Apr 30 2022

Researching family history starting 1905 or above

Teshia Payne Oct 25 2016

Can this book be purchased? I am researching my family history.

Eva Heath Mar 12 2022

Live in Burgaw

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